Electromechanical stator having pins

Abstract

To provide a stator which has winding made of a pin and is easy to manufacture.SOLUTION: A stator 1 for an electric machine includes a plurality of pins 21 to 27 arranged on concentric circles at different distances to a stator center M in slots 51 to 58 and 71 to 78 of the stator 1, each concentric circle forming a layer. Six pins in different layers are serially connected to one another and form windings 41 to 44. The first pins 21 and 27 of the windings 41 to 44 are arranged in a 6n-1 layer of the first slots 51, 53, 55, and 57. The second pin 22 is arranged in a 6n layer of the second slots 52, 54, 56, and 58. The third pin 23 is arranged in a 6n-2 layer of the third slots 71, 73, 75, and 77. The fourth pin 24 is arranged in a 6n-3 layer of the fourth slots 72, 74, 76, and 78. The fifth pin 25 is arranged in a 6n-5 layer of the first slots 51, 53, 55, and 57. The sixth pin 26 is arranged in a 6n-4 layer of the second slots 52, 54, 56, and 58.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric machine stator having pins, particularly a stator for an electric motor.

Background Art

[0002] Electric machines are generally known and are increasingly being used as electric motors for driving automobiles. An electric motor consists of a stator and a rotor.

[0003] The stator has a plurality of slots in which windings are guided. The windings may be formed as so-called pins from insulated copper bars. The rotor is disposed within the stator and is coupled to a rotor shaft.

[0004] Such pin, U-pin, or hairpin motors are known, for example, from US 9,136,738 B2 (Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a stator having windings made of pins and being easy to manufacture.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] According to the present invention, an electric machine stator comprises a plurality of pins arranged on concentric circles with different distances to the stator center within the slots of the stator, and each concentric circle forms a layer. In each case, six pins of different layers are connected in series with each other to form a winding. The first pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n - 1 layer within the first slot. Here, n is an integer. The "6n - 1 layer" is the (6n - 1)th layer, and the following descriptions are the same. The second pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n layer within the second slot. The second slot has a radial first distance in the first circumferential direction of the stator up to the first slot. The third pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n - 2 layer within the third slot, the fourth pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n - 3 layer within the fourth slot, the fifth pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n - 5 layer within the first slot, and the sixth pin of the winding is arranged in the 6n - 4 layer within the second slot.

[0008] The winding may thereby repeatedly circulate around the teeth. The layers may be numbered in ascending order from the outside to the inside towards the stator center. The above integer n does not include 0.

[0009] A stator having a winding according to the present invention can be easily manufactured and can generate an efficient electromagnetic field. The connection type establishes an electrically conductive connection between the pins within the slot. The connection type may be welding of a conductor to the pin, or the pin may be pre - configured as a double - pin, a so - called U - pin, and thus the connection may already be established when inserted into the stator. Furthermore, bending the ends of the pins towards each other is also a connection type.

[0010] Preferably, the third slot may have the first distance up to the fourth slot, and this distance is equal to the first distance between the second slot and the first slot.

[0011] The rotating magnetic field generated by such windings has fewer disturbance harmonics, and thus has less torque ripple, less torque fluctuation, and even better NVH characteristics.

[0012] More preferably, the third slot may be arranged adjacent to the first slot and on the same adjacent side as the fourth slot with respect to the second slot in the circumferential direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stator may have a first end face and a second end face. The first pin and the second pin may be connected to each other at the second end face by a first connection type, the second pin and the third pin may be connected to each other at the first end face by a second connection type, and the third pin and the fourth pin may be connected to each other at the second end face by a third connection type. The fourth and fifth pins may be connected to each other at the first end face by a fourth connection type, and the fifth and sixth pins may be connected to each other at the second end face by a fifth connection type. Here, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types are different from each other.

[0014] The difference in connection types enables improvement in manufacturing. By alternately arranging the connection types on different end faces, it becomes possible to efficiently form windings around the teeth of the stator located between the slots.

[0015] Even for connection types on the same end face of the stator, the bending direction of the pin foot may be different depending on whether it is towards the inside or outside of the stator, so the connection types may be different.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, one pin of the winding may be the first end pin, the sixth end pin, the seventh end pin, or the twelfth end pin, and may be configured as a single pin, for example, an I pin.

[0017] Preferably, the stator may have at least two windings, and at least the sixth pin in the second slot may be connected to the seventh pin in the 6n - 1 layer in the third slot by the sixth connection type.

[0018] Also, it is possible to combine the above-described connection types on different end faces or the same end face of the stator. By having one same connection type on the same end face of the stator and different connection types on different end faces of the stator, simple and rapid manufacturing becomes possible. For example, on one end face of the stator, connection is established by pre-bent pins, so-called double pins, or U-pin types, and on the other end face of the stator, the pins are individually welded to each other, or in each case, one side of the double pin is welded. The welding location may contact the leg of the pin or double pin.

[0019] More preferably, the stator may have a plurality of windings that extend over the entire circumference of the stator to form partial coils.

[0020] Accordingly, the windings have symmetry to generate a uniform rotating magnetic field.

[0021] In another embodiment, one pin from each of the three partial coils may be connected to each other by the seventh connection type or the eighth connection type to form a coil. Since these pins indicate the ends of the partial coils, they may be so-called end pins.

[0022] Preferably, the partial coils may form six coils, and these may be assigned to three phases such that in each case, two coils assigned to the same phase are arranged in four adjacent slots.

[0023] More preferably, one input of each of the end pins of the two coils may be connected to each other by the ninth connection type.

[0024] The ninth connection type may be established by a conductor applied to the pins or by a conductive ring.

[0025] The two coils may be connected in parallel and may be further powered in the same phase. The parallel connection may be made by connecting pairs of the first and seventh end pins or by connecting pairs of the sixth and twelfth end pins.

[0026] Two coils in the same slot may be switched simultaneously and powered from one phase, so that the stator will have windings for a three-phase electrical machine.

[0027] Furthermore, the two phases may each have substantially the same current and voltage curves, and thus a six-phase inverter may only control a three-phase motor. In the inverter using this device, current sharing of the switching elements is possible.

[0028] According to the present invention, a vehicle comprises an electrical machine having a stator according to one of the preferred embodiments.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Figure 1 shows a stator 1 having a plurality of slots 5 in which pins 2, 3 are guided. The stator 1 has a first end face 7 and a second end face 9 located on the opposite side thereof. Of course, a rotor is further required to operate the electromechanical machine.

[0031] Figure 2 shows a stator 1 having slots and six layers of pins. Here, only eight slots 51 - 58 are depicted. For example, pins 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28 are arranged in the slots. The pins are arranged adjacent to each other within one slot. In the example of Figure 2, there is space for six adjacent pins within one slot. The six pins within one slot are thus arranged on different concentric circles L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 around the center M of the stator, forming individual layers. The first distance 11 is provided between each two slots and is the same for all the slots shown in Figure 2.

[0032] Figure 3 shows the stator 1 from Figure 2. The pins are arranged on concentric circles as before and are thus arranged in layers, but the concentric circles are not shown for better depiction. Figure 3 depicts which pins are connected in series with each other. The first end pin 21 is arranged in layer L5 within the first slot 51. This first end pin 21 is connected to the second pin 22 within the second slot 52 by the first connection type 61 drawn as a solid line. The second pin 22 is arranged in layer L6. A first distance 11 equal to the distance 11 from Figure 2 is provided between the first slot 51 and the second slot 52.

[0033] The second pin 22 is connected to the third pin 23 within the third slot 71 by the second connection type 62 drawn as a dashed line. The third pin 23 is arranged in layer L4. The third slot 71 is arranged immediately adjacent to the first slot 51. A fourth distance 17, which is one slot longer than the first distance 11, is provided between the third slot 71 and the second slot 52. The third pin 23 is connected to the fourth pin 24 via the third connection type 63 drawn as a dense dotted line. The fourth pin 24 is arranged in the fourth slot 72. The fourth pin 24 is arranged in layer L3. The fourth slot 72 is arranged immediately adjacent to the second slot 52. A second distance 13, which is one slot shorter than the first distance 11 and two slots shorter than the fourth distance 17, is provided between the fourth slot 72 and the first slot 51.

[0034] The fourth pin 24 is connected to the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 by a fourth connection type 64 drawn with widely spaced dashed lines. The fifth pin 25 is disposed back within the first slot 51 and is thus disposed in the same slot as the first pin 21. The fifth pin 25 is disposed in layer L1. Thus, spaces for the other three pins remain in layers L2 - L4 between the first pin 21 and the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51. Further, the first slot 51 has space remaining in layer L6 for additional pins. The fifth pin 25 is connected to the sixth pin 26 via a fifth connection type 65 drawn with widely spaced dotted lines. The sixth pin 26 is disposed in the second slot 52 and is thus disposed in the same slot as the second pin 22. The sixth pin 26 is disposed in layer L2. Thus, spaces for the other three pins remain in layers L3 - L5 between the second pin 22 and the sixth pin 26 in the second slot 52. Further, the second slot 52 has space remaining in layer L1 for additional pins.

[0035] The connections of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth pins form the first winding 41. Also, the first pin 21 is simultaneously the first end pin. This end pin has an input 101 for connection to an energy source, for example, an inverter. Thus, the first end pin 21 is connected to only one other pin and is thus connected only to the second pin 22. The first end pin 21 may thus be configured as a so - called single pin or I - pin.

[0036] The sixth pin 26 is connected to the seventh pin 27 of layer L5 in the first slot 53 via a sixth connection type 66 drawn in dotted line. At the seventh pin 27, the series connection of consecutive pins in the stator described above starts again, and the seventh pin 27 is similar to the first pin 21 with the slot offset by 90 degrees. In contrast to the first pin 21, the seventh pin 27 is not an end pin because the seventh pin 27 is connected to two other pins, namely the sixth pin 26 and another pin in layer L6 in slot 54.

[0037] The second winding 42 is formed by the series connection of the seventh pin 27 and other pins in the other three slots 54, 73, and 74. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between these pins are the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the pins of the first winding 41 respectively.

[0038] The two windings 41 and 42 are connected by a sixth connection type 66. By continuing the series connection, a third winding 43 is formed in four other slots 55, 56, 75, and 76. Each of the windings 41, 42, and 43 is connected by a sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between the pins of the third winding 43 are also the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the first and second windings 41 and 42.

[0039] By continuing the series connection, a fourth winding 44 is formed in four other slots 57, 58, 77, and 78. Each of the windings 41, 42, 43, and 44 is connected using a sixth connection type 66. That is, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. Also, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between the pins of the fourth winding 44 are the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the first, second, and third windings 41, 42, and 43.

[0040] The four windings 41, 42, 43, 44 wind around the stator 1 counterclockwise for one turn to form the first partial coil. The first pin 21 further has an input 81 for connecting to an energy source. Therefore, the first pin 21 of the winding 41 is the first end pin. The partial coil ends at the pin 28 of the fourth winding 44. Therefore, the last pin 28 of the fourth winding 44 is the second end pin. However, the second end pin 28 has a connection with the other two pins, in contrast to the first end pin 21, as will be described in relation to FIG. 6.

[0041] FIG. 4 shows the stator 1 from FIG. 3, where eight other slots 81 - 88 are shown disposed immediately adjacent to the slots 71 - 78 from FIG. 3. The distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in FIG. 3.

[0042] The pins 21a - 28a are connected in the same manner as the pins 21 - 28 in FIG. 3. The connection type is the same as in FIG. 3 and is clearly represented by the same reference numerals. The windings 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a are formed in the same manner as described in FIG. 3 and are connected counterclockwise to each other by the sixth connection type 66.

[0043] The four windings 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a wind around the stator 1 for one turn to form the second partial coil. The partial coil starts from the third end pin 21a. However, the third end pin 21a has a connection with the other two pins, in contrast to the first end pin 21, as will be described in relation to FIG. 6. The partial coil ends at the pin 28a of the winding 44a. Therefore, the last pin 28a of the winding 44a is the fourth end pin.

[0044] FIG. 5 shows the stator 1 from FIGS. 3 and 4, where eight other slots 91 - 98 are shown disposed immediately adjacent to the slots 81 - 88 in FIG. 4. The distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in FIG. 3.

[0045] Pins 21b to 28b are connected in the same way as pins 21 to 28 in FIG. 3 and pins 21a to 28a in FIG. 4. The connection type is the same as that in FIGS. 3 and 4 and is clearly represented by the same reference numerals. Windings 41b, 42b, 43b, 44b are formed in the same way as described in FIGS. 3 and 4 and are connected counterclockwise to each other by the sixth connection type 66.

[0046] The four windings 41b, 42b, 43b, 44b form a third partial coil by going around the stator 1 once. The partial coil starts from pin 21b, and pin 21b is the fifth end pin 21b. However, the fifth end pin 21b has connections with two other pins, in contrast to the first end pin 21 as described in relation to FIG. 6. The partial coil ends at pin 28b of winding 44b. Therefore, the last pin 28b of winding 44b is the sixth end pin. The sixth end pin 28b is configured as, for example, a single pin or an I-pin in the same way as the first end pin and has an output 103 for connection to an energy source.

[0047] FIG. 6 shows the pin assignments by the first, second, and third partial coils from FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 represented by black squares. In the figure, the same reference numerals designate the same pins, slots, and connection types.

[0048] The second end pin 28 of winding 44 of the first partial coil in layer L2 within slot 58 and the third end pin 21a of the first winding 41a of the second partial coil in layer L5 within slot 71 are connected by the seventh connection type 67. The seventh connection type bridges the second distance 13. The fourth end pin 28a of winding 44a of the second partial coil 44a in layer L2 within slot 78 and the fifth end pin 21b of the first winding 41b of the third partial coil 41b in layer L5 within slot 81 are connected by the seventh connection type 67. The seventh connection type bridges the second distance 13.

[0049] Therefore, the seventh connection type 67 connects the two partial coils respectively, and the three partial coils form a first coil 201 having one input 101 and one output 103 after winding three times around the stator in the counterclockwise direction. The illustrated third distance 15 is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 from the previous figure. The block of four adjacent slots occupied by the coil pins has a third distance from each other in each case.

[0050] Figure 7 shows the stator 1 from Figure 2. The pins are arranged on concentric circles and thus in layers, but the concentric circles are not shown for better depiction. It depicts which pins with a square drawn inside a white square are connected in series with each other to form the first partial coil of the second coil 202.

[0051] The first end pin 31 is arranged in layer L6 within the first slot 51. The first end pin 31 is also the seventh end pin 31 at the same time. This end pin 31 has an input 105 for connection to an energy source, for example an inverter. Therefore, the seventh end pin 31 is connected only to one other pin, that is, only to the seventh pin 37. Therefore, the seventh end pin 31 may be configured as a so-called single pin or I-pin. The first end pin 31 is connected to the seventh pin 37 within the slot 58 by the first connection type 61 drawn in solid line. The seventh pin 37 is arranged in layer L5. A first distance 11 equal to the distance 11 in Figure 2 is provided between the first slot 51 and the slot 58.

[0052] The seventh pin 37 is connected to the sixth pin 36 in the slot 57 via the sixth connection type 66 drawn in dotted lines. The sixth pin 36 is disposed in layer L2. The sixth pin 36 is connected to the fifth pin 35 in the slot 56 via the fifth connection type 65 drawn in widely spaced dotted lines. The fifth pin 35 is disposed in layer L1. The fifth pin 35 is connected to the fourth pin 34 in the slot 77 via the fourth connection type 64 drawn in widely spaced dashed lines. A second distance 13 is provided between the slot 77 and the slot 56.

[0053] The fourth pin 34 is connected to the third pin 33 via the third connection type 63 drawn in dense dotted lines. The third pin 33 is disposed in the slot 76. The third pin 33 is disposed in layer L4. The slot 76 is disposed immediately adjacent to the slot 56. The third pin 33 is connected to the second pin 32 in the slot 57 via the second connection type 62 drawn in short dashed lines. The second pin 32 is disposed in layer L6. The second pin 32 is disposed in the slot 57, and thus in the same slot as the sixth pin 36. The sixth pin 36 is disposed in layer L2. Therefore, spaces for the other three pins remain in layers L3 - L5 between the second pin 32 and the sixth pin 36 in the slot 57. Further, in the slot 57, spaces for additional pins remain in layer L1.

[0054] The second pin 32 is connected to the ninth pin 39 in the slot 56 via the first connection type 61 drawn in solid lines. The ninth pin 39 is disposed in layer L4. The ninth pin 39 is disposed back in the slot 56, and thus in the same slot as the fifth pin 35. The fifth pin 35 is disposed in layer L1. Therefore, spaces for the other three pins remain in layers L2 - L4 between the ninth pin 39 and the fifth pin 35 in the slot 56. Further, in the slot 56, spaces for additional pins remain in layer L6.

[0055] The connection of the second pin, the third pin, the fourth pin, the fifth pin, the sixth pin, and the ninth pin forms the fifth winding 45.

[0056] The ninth pin 39 is connected to the tenth pin 36(2) via the sixth connection type 66 drawn with a thick dotted line. The tenth pin 36(2) is arranged in layer L2 within the slot 55. At the tenth pin 36(2), the series connection of the continuous pins in the stator described above starts again, where the tenth pin 36(2) is the same as the sixth pin 36 with a 90-degree offset of the slot.

[0057] The series connection of the tenth pin 36(2) and the other pins in the other three slots 54, 75, 74 forms the sixth winding 46. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between these pins are the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the pins of the first to fifth windings 41 - 45 respectively.

[0058] The two windings 45, 46 are connected by the sixth connection type 66. By continuing the series connection, the seventh winding 47 is formed in the other four slots 53, 52, 73, 72. Each of the windings 45 - 47 is connected by the sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. Also, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between the pins of the seventh winding 47 are the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the preceding windings 41 - 46.

[0059] By continuing the series connection, an eighth winding 48 is formed in the other four slots 51, 58, 71, 78. Each winding 45, 46, 47, 48 is connected using a sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. Also, the first, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61, 63 - 65 between the pins of the eighth winding 48 are the same as the first, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61, 63 - 65 of the preceding windings 41 - 47. Furthermore, the eighth winding 48 has two end pins 31, 38.

[0060] The four windings 45 - 48 wind around the stator 1 once clockwise to form a first partial coil. The first partial coil of the second coil 202 ends at the eighth end pin 38.

[0061] Figure 8 shows the stator 1 from Figure 7, where eight other slots 81 - 88 are shown arranged immediately adjacent to slots 71 - 78 from Figure 7. Distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in the preceding figure.

[0062] Pins 31a - 38a are connected in the same way as pins 31 - 38 in Figure 7. The connection types are also the same as in the previous figure and are clearly represented by the same reference numerals. Windings 45a, 46a, 47a, 46a are formed in the same way as described for Figure 7 and are connected to each other clockwise by the sixth connection type 66.

[0063] The four windings 45a, 46a, 47a, 48a wind around the stator 1 once to form a second partial coil. The partial coil starts from pin 31a, which is the ninth end pin. However, the ninth end pin 31a, in contrast to the seventh end pin 31 as described in relation to Figure 10, has connections to two other pins. The partial coil ends at pin 38a of winding 48a. Therefore, pin 38a of winding 48a is the tenth end pin 38a. Furthermore, the eighth winding 48a has two end pins 31a, 38a.

[0064] Figure 9 shows the stator 1 from FIGS. 7 and 8, where eight other slots 91-98 are shown disposed immediately adjacent to slots 81-88 from FIG. 7. Distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in the preceding figures.

[0065] Pins 31b - 38b are connected in the same manner as pins 31 - 38 in FIG. 7 and pins 31a - 38a in FIG. 8. The connection type is the same as in the previous figure and is clearly represented by the same reference numerals. Windings 45b, 46b, 47b, 48b are formed in the same manner as described for FIGS. 7 and 8 and are connected to each other clockwise by a sixth connection type 66.

[0066] The four windings 45b, 46b, 47b, 48b make one turn around the stator 1 to form a third partial coil. The partial coil starts from pin 31b which is the eleventh end pin. However, the eleventh end pin 31b has connections to two other pins, in contrast to the seventh end pin 31 as described in relation to FIG. 10. The partial coil ends at pin 38b of winding 48b. Thus, pin 38b of winding 48b is the twelfth end pin. Accordingly, the twelfth end pin 38b is configured in the same manner as the seventh end pin, for example, configured as a single pin or an I - pin and has an output 107 for connection to an energy source.

[0067] Figure 10 shows the pin assignments by the first, second, and third partial coils of the second coil 202 from FIGS. 7, 8, and 9, where the pins are represented by white squares with squares attached. In the figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same pins, slots, and connection types.

[0068] The eighth end pin 38 of the first partial coil 48 of layer L4 within slot 78 and the ninth end pin 31a of the fifth winding 45a of the second partial coil 45 of layer L6 within slot 71 are connected by the eighth connection type 68. The eighth connection type bridges the first distance 11. The tenth end pin 38a of the fifth winding 45a of the second partial coil 45 of layer L2 within slot 88 and the eleventh end pin 31b of the fifth winding 45b of the third partial coil 45 of layer L6 within slot 81 are connected by the eighth connection type 68. The eighth connection type bridges the first distance 11.

[0069] Accordingly, the eighth connection type 68 connects the two partial coils respectively, and the three partial coils form a second coil 202 having one input 105 and one output 107 after winding three times around the stator in the clockwise direction. The third distance 15 shown in the figure is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 from the previous figure. The blocks of four adjacent slots occupied by the pins of the coil each have a third distance from each other.

[0070] Figure 11 shows the pins assigned to the first coil 201 from Figure 6 as black squares. In the figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same pins, slots, and connection types. Further, the second coil 202 from Figure 10 is depicted as a white square with a square attached, and is arranged within the same slot but in different layers. The partial coils of the two coils are connected by the seventh connection type 67 (for the first coil) or the eighth connection type 68 (for the second coil).

[0071] Figure 12 shows two other coils, each formed by pins with black dots or pins with white dots. The three partial coils of the coil have pins with white dots and are formed according to the descriptions of FIGS. 3-6 where the slots are offset 30 degrees counterclockwise. The three partial coils of the coil have pins with black dots and are formed according to the descriptions of FIGS. 7-10 where the slots are offset 30 degrees counterclockwise.

[0072] Figure 13 shows two other coils, each formed by pins with black x's or pins with white x's. The three partial coils of the coil having pins with white x's are formed according to the descriptions of FIGS. 3-6 where the slots are offset 60 degrees counterclockwise. The three partial coils of the coil having pins with black x's are formed according to the descriptions of FIGS. 7-10 where the slots are offset 60 degrees counterclockwise.

[0073] Figure 14 shows the pin assignment by six coils as a combination from FIGS. 10, 11, and 12. In particular, it is clear that the interconnection of the coils may be realized within the range of 25 slots from the positions of inputs 101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125 and outputs 103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127. Thus, in the stator having 72 slots depicted as an example, the input-output interconnection is possible within approximately one-third of the circumference of the stator. Purely based on the input or output, individual switching is possible within the range of 13 slots.

[0074] Figure 15 shows the winding pattern of the three partial coils of the first coil 201. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not reference signs. The signs attached to the arrows indicating the slots are the same as those in the preceding figures, enabling comparison with these figures.

[0075] FIG. 16 shows the winding patterns of the three partial coils of the second coil 202. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not codes. The codes attached to the arrows indicating the slots are the same as those in the preceding figures, enabling comparison with these figures.

[0076] FIG. 17 is a basic schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the vehicle 403. The vehicle 403 is, for example, a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and includes an electric machine 401 having a stator 1 of an exemplary embodiment, particularly an electric motor, for driving the vehicle. The vehicle 403 may further include an inverter 405 for supplying an alternating current from a DC source to the electric machine 401.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0077] 1 Stator 2, 3, 21 to 38b Pins 5, 51, 58, 71, 78 Slots 81 to 88, 91 to 96 Slots 7 First end face 9 Second end face 11 First distance 13 Second distance 15 Third distance 21 First end pin 28 Second end pin 21a Third end pin 28a Fourth end pin 21b Fifth end pin 28b Sixth end pin 31 Seventh end pin 38 Eighth end pin 31a Ninth end pin 38a Tenth end pin 31b Eleventh end pin 38b Twelfth end pin 41 to 48, 41a to 48a, 41b to 48b Windings 61 First connection type 62 Second connection type 63 Third connection type 64 Fourth connection type 65 The 5th connection type 66 The 6th connection type 67 The 7th connection type 68 The 8th connection type 101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125 Input 103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127 Output 201 The 1st coil 202 The 2nd coil 401 Electromechanical 403 Vehicle 405 Inverter L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 Layers M Stator center

Claims

1. A stator (1) for an electromechanical machine (100), comprising a plurality of pins (21 - 27) arranged on concentric circles with different distances to the stator center (M) within slots (51 - 58, 71 - 78) of the stator, each of the concentric circles forming a layer (L1 - L6), in each case, six pins (21 - 27) of different layers (L1 - L6) being connected in series with each other to form windings (41 - 44), a first of the pins (21, 27) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n - 1 layer (L5) within a first of the slots (51, 53, 55, 57), where n is an integer, a second of the pins (22) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n layer (L6) within a second of the slots (52, 54, 56, 58), the second slots (52, 54, 56, 58) having a first radial distance (11) to the first slots (51, 53, 55, 57) in a first circumferential direction of the stator (1), a third of the pins (23) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n - 2 layer (L4) within a third of the slots (71, 73, 75, 77), a fourth of the pins (24) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n - 3 layer (L3) within a fourth of the slots (72, 74, 76, 78), a fifth of the pins (25) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n - 5 layer (L1) within the first slots (51, 53, 55, 57), a sixth of the pins (26) of the windings (41 - 44) being arranged in a 6n - 4 layer (L2) within the second slots (52, 54, 56, 58), a stator (1) for an electromechanical machine (100).

2. The stator (1) according to claim 1, wherein the third slots have a first distance equal to the first distance (11) between the second slots (52, 54, 56, 58) and the first slots (51, 53, 55, 57) to the fourth slots.

3. The stator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third slots (71, 73, 75, 77) are arranged adjacent to the first slots (51, 53, 55, 57) and on the same adjacent side in the circumferential direction with respect to the fourth slots (72, 74, 76, 78) to the second slots (52, 54, 56, 58).

4. The stator (1) having a first end face (7) and a second end face (9), The first pin (21) and the second pin (22) are connected to each other at the second end face by a first connection type (61). The second pin (22) and the third pin (23) are connected to each other at the first end face (7) by a second connection type (62). The third pin (23) and the fourth pin (24) are connected to each other at the second end face by a third connection type (63). The fourth pin (24) and the fifth pin (25) are connected to each other at the first end face (7) by a fourth connection type (64). The fifth pin (25) and the sixth pin (26) are connected to each other at the second end face by a fifth connection type (65). The stator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first connection type, the second connection type, the third connection type, the fourth connection type, and the fifth connection type are different from each other.

5. The stator (1) has at least two of the windings (41 to 44), and the sixth pin (26) in at least the second slots (52, 54, 56, 58) is connected to the seventh pin (27) of the 6n - 1 layer (L5) in one of the first slots (53) by a sixth connection type (66). The stator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The stator (1) according to claim 5, wherein the stator (1) has a plurality of the windings (41, 42) that extend over the entire circumference of the stator (1) to form partial coils.

7. One pin (21a, 21b, 28, 28a, 31a, 31b, 38, 38b) is connected to each other from each of the three partial coils by a seventh connection type (67) or an eighth connection type (68) to form a coil (201, 202). The stator (1) according to claim 6.

8. The partial coils form six coils. The six coils are assigned to three phases such that two coils assigned to the same phase are arranged in four adjacent slots (51 to 58, 71 to 98) in each case. The stator (1) according to claim 7.

9. One input (101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125) of each of the end pins (21, 31) from at least two of said coils (201, 202) is connected to each other by a ninth connection type, the stator (1) according to claim 7 or 8.

10. One output (103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127) of each of the end pins (28b, 38b) of said at least two of said coils (201, 202) is connected to each other, said at least two of said coils (201, 202) are switched simultaneously, in particular, the stator (1) according to claim 9, which is assigned to one phase.

11. A vehicle (403) comprising an electromechanical machine (401) having a stator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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