Fire prevention method and fire extinguishing body

Abstract

A fire prevention method according to the present invention comprises a step for mounting, in advance, a fire extinguishing body on at least a perpendicular top section of an object at risk of ignition. The fire extinguishing body comprises a base material and a fire retardant in this order from the object side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire prevention method and a fire extinguishing body.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the progress of technology, while our lives are becoming increasingly comfortable, a large amount of energy is required to create this comfort. High safety is required for the handling of energy in each scenario of densely packing, storing, moving, and using a large amount of energy.

[0003] Taking automobiles as an example, when extracting fossil fuels, when purifying gasoline from fossil fuels, when transporting gasoline, when burning gasoline in an engine, etc., there are potential risks of ignition and fire. Also, taking electronics as an example, when moving electrical energy through wires, when adjusting electrical energy at substations or transformers, when using electrical energy in electrical equipment in homes or factories, or when temporarily storing it in a battery, etc., there are similarly potential risks of ignition and fire.

[0004] Regarding the problems of ignition and fire, Patent Document 1 proposes using a fire extinguishing liquid and a fire extinguisher. Patent Document 2 proposes an automatic fire extinguishing device dropped from a helicopter. Patent Document 3 proposes an aerosol fire extinguishing device.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] All prior arts propose methods for dealing with fires after a certain period of time has passed. On the other hand, from the perspective of minimizing damage caused by fires, it is desirable that some kind of fire extinguishing operation (initial fire extinguishing) be carried out at a stage shortly after ignition.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a new fire prevention method capable of preventing the occurrence and spread of fires. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing body used in such a fire prevention method.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] One aspect of the present invention provides a fire prevention method comprising a step of preliminarily placing a fire extinguishing body at least in the upper part in the vertical direction of an object liable to catch fire, the fire extinguishing body comprising a base material and a fire extinguishing agent in this order from the object side. With such a fire prevention method, a hole can be formed in the base material due to the fire emerging from the object or the heat generated before the fire emerges, and the fire extinguishing agent can be dropped onto the fire source or heat source. Thereby, the spread of fire to the surroundings can be suppressed at an initial stage.

[0009] One aspect of the present invention provides a fire extinguishing body comprising a base material and a fire extinguishing agent in this order, and being used such that the base material side faces an object liable to catch fire. Such a fire extinguishing body can be suitably used in the above fire prevention method.

[0010] In the fire extinguishing body of the present invention, the base material may be a resin base material.

[0011] The fire extinguishing body of the present invention may further comprise another base material on the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing body of the present invention may further comprise a design layer on at least one surface of the above another base material.

[0012] In the fire extinguishing body of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent may be sealed by the base material and another base material.

[0013] The fire extinguishing body of the present invention may further include an adhesive layer between at least one of the base material and the fire extinguishing agent and between the other base material and the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing body of the present invention may further include an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer outside the base material and / or the other base material.

[0014] In the fire extinguishing body of the present invention, the fire extinguishing agent may be a powder-based fire extinguishing agent, a water-based fire extinguishing agent, or a foam-based fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] In the fire extinguishing body of the present invention, the other base material may satisfy at least one of a tensile strength of 20 N / cm or more and a melting point of 500 °C or more.

[0016] In the fire extinguishing body of the present invention, the other base material may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of carbon, glass, stainless steel, aluminum, and ceramic.

Advantages of the Invention

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a new fire prevention method capable of preventing the occurrence and spread of fires. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing body used in such a fire prevention method. The advantages of the present invention are briefly summarized below. · Damage caused by the spread of flames can be minimized. That is, initial fire extinguishing is possible. · After a person confirms the occurrence of a fire, there is no need to carry a fire extinguisher to the vicinity of the fire target and conduct fire extinguishing activities. · Since it can be installed more simply than equipment such as automatic fire extinguishing devices, there are few restrictions on the installation location and it can be applied according to the required locations.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0020] <Fire extinguishing body> FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing body according to one embodiment. The fire extinguishing body 10 includes a base material 1 and a fire extinguishing agent 2 in this order. As will be described later, the fire extinguishing body is used such that the base material side of the fire extinguishing body faces an object that may catch fire. The fire extinguishing body may be in the form of a sheet. As shown in FIG. 1, the fire extinguishing agent 2 may be provided on at least a part of the upper surface of the base material 1, or may be provided on the entire upper surface of the base material 1.

[0021] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fire extinguishing mechanism by the fire extinguishing body. First, the fire extinguishing body 10 is placed on an object X that may catch fire in advance (FIG. 2(a)). When a fire breaks out from the object X in this state, a hole is formed in the base material 1 (for example, the hole is formed by melting) (FIG. 2(b)). The fire extinguishing agent 2 drops from this hole to the fire source (FIG. 2(c)). Thereby, the fire extinguishing is completed (FIG. 2(d)). In FIG. 2, the end face of the object X and the end face of the fire extinguishing body 10 (base material 1) are drawn flush, but the two do not necessarily have to be flush. For example, the fire extinguishing body 10 may be provided so as to cover the upper surface and the side surface of the object X. Also, it is not necessarily required that a fire breaks out from the object X, and a hole may be formed in the base material 1 by the heat generated before the fire breaks out.

[0022] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing body according to another embodiment. The fire extinguishing body 20 includes a base material 1, a fire extinguishing agent 2, and another base material 3 in this order. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing body according to another embodiment. The fire extinguishing body 30 includes a base material 1, a fire extinguishing agent 2, and another base material 3 in this order, and further includes an adhesive layer 4 between the base material 1 and the fire extinguishing agent 2, and between the other base material 3 and the fire extinguishing agent 2. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing body according to another embodiment. The fire extinguishing body 40 includes a base material 1, a fire extinguishing agent 2, and another base material 3 in this order, and the peripheries of the base material 1 and the other base material 3 are joined by a sealing portion 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing body according to another embodiment. The fire extinguishing body 50 includes a base material 1, a fire extinguishing agent 2, an adhesive layer 4, and another base material 3 in this order, and the peripheries of the base material 1 and the other base material 3 are joined by a sealing portion 5.

[0023] The thickness of the fire extinguishing body varies depending on its layer structure and is not necessarily limited. However, from the perspective of being able to make it thinner while maintaining the fire extinguishing performance and not being restricted by the installation space, it can be, for example, 2 to 20 mm. Also, from the perspectives of fire extinguishing performance and handleability, the area of the main surface of the fire extinguishing body (the surface when the fire extinguishing body is viewed from the upper part in the vertical direction) can be, for example, 9 to 620 cm 2 can be set.

[0024] (Base material) In view of the fact that the temperature of the flame is generally about 700°C to 900°C, a resin base material can be selected as the material of the base material. For example, as the material of the base material, there can be mentioned polyolefins (LLDPE, PP, COP, CPP, etc.), polyesters (PET, etc.), fluororesins (PTFE, ETFE, EFEP, PFA, FEP, PCTFE, etc.), PVC, PVA, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyamides, polyimides, etc. With these resins, holes can be formed by heat. Also, by selecting a transparent material, it becomes easier to inspect the appearance of the fire extinguishing body and confirm the replacement time. The base material may contain a fire extinguishing agent described later. From the perspective of adjusting the water vapor permeability, the base material may be provided with a vapor deposition layer (alumina vapor deposition layer or silica vapor deposition layer) having water vapor barrier properties.

[0025] The base material may be composed of one layer or two or more resin layers. The materials of each layer may be the same or different. When the base material is composed of two or more resin layers, one of them may be a fire extinguishing agent support layer for supporting the fire extinguishing agent. By pre-forming the fire extinguishing agent on the fire extinguishing agent support layer, the handling of the fire extinguishing agent becomes easy.

[0026] The thickness, breaking strength, etc. of the base material can be appropriately selected according to the heat quantity, impact, allowable space, etc. at the time of fire outbreak. For example, if the base material is thick, strength and rigidity can be obtained, a highly planar form can be obtained, and handling becomes easy. Also, if the base material is thin, the fire extinguishing body can be provided in a narrow space, and since holes are opened in a short time, the fire extinguishing start time can be shortened. The thickness of the base material can be, for example, 4.5 to 100 μm, and may be 12 to 50 μm. The base material may be a laminate of a plurality of base materials. The base material and the object may be adhered by an adhesive layer described later.

[0027] (Fire extinguishing agent) The fire extinguishing agent is not particularly limited, and those having the so-called four elements of fire extinguishing (removal action, cooling action, asphyxiation action, negative catalyst action) can be appropriately used according to the form of the object. Examples of the fire extinguishing agent include general fire extinguishing agents (powder-based fire extinguishing agents, water-based fire extinguishing agents or foam-based fire extinguishing agents), sand (standard sand), dry ice, water, etc. An example of a universal fire extinguishing agent is an ABC fire extinguishing agent, and an example of a fire extinguishing agent for oil and electrical fires is a BC fire extinguishing agent. When the object is a lithium-ion battery, a BC fire extinguishing agent, a water-based fire extinguishing agent, or other fire extinguishing agents for lithium-ion batteries are used. If it is a powder-based fire extinguishing agent, it may be mixed with a binder if necessary and placed on the base material, or placed on the base material in a packaging bag. If it is a water-based or foam-based fire extinguishing agent, it may be made into a gelled product or placed in a packaging bag and placed on the base material. However, from the viewpoint of stably holding the fire extinguishing agent, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided between the base material and the fire extinguishing agent, and it is preferable that the fire extinguishing agent is sealed by another base material or a sealing portion.

[0028] The amount of the fire extinguishing agent can be appropriately selected according to the aspect of the object, the firepower at the time of ignition, the fire extinguishing time, the allowable space, etc. The greater the amount of the fire extinguishing agent, the better the fire extinguishing ability and the shorter the fire extinguishing time. However, since the bulk may increase in some cases, the place where the fire extinguishing body can be placed will be limited. The thickness of the fire extinguishing agent can be, for example, 2 to 19.5 mm. The amount of the fire extinguishing agent can be, for example, 0.2 to 5 g / cm 2 or 0.4 to 3.9 g / cm 2 can be used.

[0029] (Other base material) As shown in FIG. 3, the fire extinguishing body may further include another base material (sealing base material) on the fire extinguishing agent. By using another base material, the fire extinguishing agent can be stably held. As a result, the vibration resistance is improved, and even when there is an inclination on the upper surface of the object, it becomes easy to place the fire extinguishing body on the object. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the fire extinguishing performance of a fire extinguishing agent having hygroscopicity such as an ABC fire extinguishing agent or a BC fire extinguishing agent.

[0030] Examples of the material of the other base material include the materials exemplified as the material of the above base material. In addition, the other base material is preferably a base material having heat resistance and impact resistance (high-strength heat-resistant base material). As the high-strength heat-resistant base material, it is preferable to satisfy at least one of a tensile strength of 20 N / cm or more and a melting point of 500 °C or more. In view of cost, such a base material can include materials such as carbon, glass, stainless steel, aluminum, and ceramic. Examples of the high-strength heat-resistant base material include those containing a woven fabric (cloth) of these fibers. Since the other base material has heat resistance and impact resistance, it is possible to suppress the formation of holes on the other base material side due to heat and impact at the time of ignition. As a result, it is possible to suppress the ejection of the fire extinguishing agent in the direction opposite to the object. The thickness of the other base material can be, for example, 0.1 to 1 mm, and may be 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The other base material may contain a fire extinguishing agent. From the viewpoint of adjusting the water vapor permeability, the other base material may be provided with a vapor deposition layer having water vapor barrier properties (alumina vapor deposition layer or silica vapor deposition layer).

[0031] (Adhesive layer) As shown in FIG. 4, the fire extinguishing body may further include an adhesive layer. In FIG. 4, an adhesive layer 4 is shown between the base material 1 and the fire extinguishing agent 2 and between another base material 3 and the fire extinguishing agent 2. However, the adhesive layer 4 may be provided on at least one of the interfaces between the base material 1 and the fire extinguishing agent 2 and between another base material 3 and the fire extinguishing agent 2. Also, in the same figure, it is not necessary to provide another base material 3 and the adhesive layer 4 for bonding it. Further, in FIG. 4, the end face of the fire extinguishing agent 2 and the end face of the adhesive layer 4 are drawn flush, but they do not necessarily have to be flush. For example, the adhesive layer 4 may be provided so as to protrude outside the end face of the fire extinguishing agent 2.

[0032] By providing an adhesive layer between the base material and the fire extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing agent can be stably held on the base material. Also, by providing an adhesive layer between another base material and the fire extinguishing agent, it becomes easier to fix the other base material. However, if the other base material and the fire extinguishing agent are brought into too close contact, even if a hole is formed in the base material due to ignition or the like, it becomes difficult for the fire extinguishing agent to fall. The adhesion between the other base material and the fire extinguishing agent (for example, when it has a sheet-like form) is preferably between 0.5 N / cm and 1 N / cm.

[0033] The adhesive layer can be appropriately selected according to the types of the base material, another base material, the fire extinguishing agent, etc. The adhesive layer can be formed of materials such as a heat-sealing material, an adhesive, an adhesive agent, etc. The thickness of the adhesive layer may be, for example, 1 to 100 μm (1 to 30 μm or 30 to 100 μm depending on the material used).

[0034] (Sealing portion) As shown in FIG. 5, the fire extinguishing body may further include a sealing portion. That is, the fire extinguishing body may include a sealing portion that joins the peripheries of the base material and another base material. By providing the sealing portion, the base material and another base material are joined and the fire extinguishing agent is sealed. As a result, the fire extinguishing agent is prevented from coming into contact with air, and deterioration of the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent can be suppressed. Also, since the movement of the fire extinguishing agent is blocked by the sealing portion, the fire extinguishing agent is more likely to fall toward the object side.

[0035] The sealing portion may be formed from the materials exemplified by the above-mentioned adhesive layer. The peripheries of the base material and other base materials may be joined using the materials exemplified by the above-mentioned adhesive layer. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the fire extinguishing body includes an adhesive layer between the fire extinguishing agent and other base materials, the fire extinguishing agent can be sealed with the same material in the adhesive layer and the sealing portion. The sealing portion may be formed from other ultraviolet curable sealing materials. When the base material and / or other base materials themselves have heat sealability, the sealing portion may be formed by heat-sealing these base materials. That is, the sealing portion may be a heat-sealed portion of the base material and / or other base materials. When the sealing portion is a heat-sealing material, the fire extinguishing agent can be enclosed by forming the heat-sealing material over the entire surface of the other base material and heat-sealing only the outer peripheral portion of the fire extinguishing agent. By providing the sealing portion, the fire extinguishing agent can be enclosed without adhering the fire extinguishing agent to other base materials.

[0036] <Method for manufacturing a fire extinguishing body> As described above, the method for manufacturing a fire extinguishing body is not particularly limited. The fire extinguishing body can be manufactured by appropriately laminating the above-mentioned layers and, if necessary, joining and sealing the peripheries of the base materials with heat sealing, adhesives, or the like. The method of providing the fire extinguishing agent may be adjusted according to its mode. For example, when using a fire extinguishing agent pre-enclosed in a packaging bag, the packaging bag can be adhered onto the base material with an adhesive layer or the like. For a powder-based fire extinguishing agent, a fire extinguishing body can be obtained by applying a mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and an appropriate amount of binder onto the base material. When applying the fire extinguishing agent, the base material provided with the fire extinguishing agent-containing layer may be a resin layer (one of the plurality of layers constituting the base material) as a fire extinguishing agent support layer. In addition, a fire extinguishing body may be obtained by overlapping the base material and other base materials, sealing three sides to form a bag, filling the bag with the fire extinguishing agent, and then sealing the remaining side.

[0037] <Fire prevention method> The fire prevention method includes a step of preliminarily placing the above-mentioned fire extinguishing body at least on the upper part in the vertical direction of an object that may catch fire. By placing the fire extinguishing body at least on the upper part in the vertical direction of the object, the fire extinguishing agent can be surely dropped onto the object that has caught fire. Note that the fire extinguishing body does not necessarily have to be placed only on the upper part in the vertical direction of the object. For example, as long as the fire extinguishing agent exists at least on the upper part in the vertical direction of the object, the fire extinguishing body 10 itself may be provided so as to cover the upper surface (upper part in the vertical direction) and the side surface (a surface having a certain angle (for example, 90°) with respect to the upper surface) of the object.

[0038] (Object that may catch fire) The object is not particularly limited as long as it may catch fire and the above-mentioned fire extinguishing body can be placed thereon. For example, examples of the object include electric wires, switchboards, distribution boards, control panels, storage batteries (such as lithium-ion batteries), building materials such as wallpaper for building materials and ceiling materials, boxes for lithium-ion battery recovery (recycling boxes), trash cans, automobile-related members, sockets, and socket covers.

[0039] As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, from the viewpoint of more easily installing the fire extinguishing body at a location where there is a concern of fire, an adhesive layer or an adhesive bonding layer may be provided on the outside of the base material 1 or another base material 3. A release film may be further provided so as to cover the adhesive layer or the adhesive bonding layer. The release film is peeled off when the fire extinguishing body is used and may be made of resin or paper. Further, by selecting and processing (for example, stretching or thinning) the thermoplastic resin constituting the base material 1 and the other base material 3, the fire extinguishing body may be in the form of a shrink film or a stretch film.

[0040] The fire extinguishing body may further include a design layer. The design layer can be formed by printing or lettering. Specific examples of the design include a wood grain pattern that takes into account the living space, a solid pattern in white or gray such as a tile pattern, and patterns, motifs, designs, and character patterns. By providing the design layer, effects such as enhancing the design property, making the fire extinguishing body blend in with the surrounding environment, and increasing the strength of the fire extinguishing body can be achieved. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguishing body having a design layer. The fire extinguishing body 60 shown in this figure includes an adhesive layer 6 (or an adhesive layer) and a release film 7 in this order on the outside of the base material 1, and a design layer 8 on the side of another base material 3. For example, when creating a texture such as a tile surface with the design layer, as shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable to provide the design layer 8 on the outer surface 3a of another base material 3. When another base material 3 is transparent, the design layer may be provided on the inner surface 3b of another base material 3. Note that the design layer may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

Example

[0041] The present invention will be described in more detail with the following examples (Reference Example) but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0042] <Preparation of materials used> (Base material and other base materials) LLDPE film: MC-S #100 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Toagosei Co., Ltd.) OPP film: U-1 #50 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Toagosei Co., Ltd.) Al foil: 8079 40μm (manufactured by Toyo Aluminium Co., Ltd.) (Fire extinguishing agent) Standard sand: Toyoura silica sand (manufactured by Toyoura Silica Mining Co., Ltd.) ABC fire extinguishing agent (manufactured by Morita Miyata Kogyo Co., Ltd.) BC(K) fire extinguishing agent (manufactured by Morita Miyata Kogyo Co., Ltd.)

[0043] <Production of fire extinguishing body> (Example 1) 32.5 g of standard sand was weighed as a fire extinguishing agent and evenly placed on an 8 cm × 8 cm MC-S #100. Thereby, a fire extinguishing body was produced. The amount of standard sand was adjusted to be 0.55 g / cm 2 with respect to the substrate area.

[0044] (Examples 2 to 3) A fire extinguishing body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the materials used were changed as shown in Table 1.

[0045] (Example 4) Two sheets of MC-S #100 were overlapped, and three sides were heat-sealed (conditions: 150 °C, 0.6 MPa for 10 seconds) to prepare an LLDPE bag. After putting standard sand into this bag, the remaining one side was heat-sealed to produce a fire extinguishing body. The amount of standard sand was adjusted to be 0.55 g / cm 2 with respect to the substrate area.

[0046] (Examples 5 to 9) A fire extinguishing body was produced in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the materials used were changed as shown in Table 1. For Examples 7 to 9, bags were produced by bonding the substrates together using an adhesive instead of heat-sealing.

[0047] (Comparative Examples 1 to 2) As reference samples, an LLDPE film or a PP film was used as it was.

[0048] <Fire extinguishing performance evaluation> To a burning candle, the fire extinguishing body of the example was brought close from the upper part in the vertical direction of the candle, with the candle and the substrate side of the fire extinguishing body facing each other. At that time, the fire extinguishing body was brought close so that the distance between the tip of the candle flame and the substrate of the fire extinguishing body was 5 mm or less. Then, it was evaluated whether the fire of the candle could be extinguished. The same operation was performed for the films of the comparative examples. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0049]

Table 1

Industrial Applicability

[0050] The present invention can be preferably used particularly in members used for industrial materials such as building materials, automotive members, aircraft members, and electronic members.

Explanation of Signs

[0051] 1... base material, 2... fire extinguishing agent, 3... other base material (sealing base material), 4... adhesive layer, 5... sealing portion, 6... adhesive layer, 7... release film, 8... design layer, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60... fire extinguishing body, X... object.

Claims

1. comprising a step of preliminarily placing a fire extinguishing body at least on the upper part in the vertical direction of an object liable to catch fire; The fire extinguishing body comprises, in this order from the object side, a base material, an adhesive layer for adhering and holding a fire extinguishing agent layer on the base material, and a fire extinguishing agent layer. A fire prevention method.

2. A fire extinguishing body comprising, in this order, a base material, an adhesive layer for adhering and holding a fire extinguishing agent layer on the base material, and a fire extinguishing agent layer, and being preliminarily placed on the object liable to catch fire such that the base material side faces the object liable to catch fire.

3. The fire extinguishing body according to claim 2, wherein the base material is a resin base material.

4. The fire extinguishing body according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer on the outside of the base material.

5. The fire extinguishing body according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising another base material on the fire extinguishing agent layer.

6. The fire extinguishing body according to claim 5, further comprising a sealing portion for joining the peripheries of the base material and the other base material.

7. The fire extinguishing body according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising an adhesive layer between the other base material and the fire extinguishing agent layer.

8. The fire extinguishing body according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer on the outside of the other base material.

9. The fire extinguishing body according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising a design layer on at least one surface of the other base material.

10. The fire extinguishing body according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the other base material satisfies at least one of a tensile strength of 20 N / cm or more and a melting point of 500 °C or more.

11. The fire extinguishing body according to any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the other base material contains at least one kind of material selected from the group consisting of carbon, glass, stainless steel, aluminum, and ceramic.

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