System for purifying exhaust gas of an endothermic engine

Abstract

To provide an exhaust gas purification system for an endothermic engine with little risk in use. [Solution] At least one duct (2) for discharging gas (S) produced by the endothermic engine (100); a means (3) for cooling the exhaust gas (S) passing through the duct (2), the means (3) condensing at least a portion of the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas (S) into water (AC); A system (1) for purifying exhaust gases of an endothermic engine, comprising means (4) for separating condensed water (AC) condensed by a cooling means (3) along an exhaust duct (2) from exhaust gases (S) and diverting the condensed water along a secondary duct (10), The system (1) for purifying exhaust gases of an endothermic engine further comprises a filtering means (5) arranged downstream of the separating means (4) along the secondary duct (10) for filtering the condensed and separated water (AC).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for purifying exhaust gas of an endothermic engine. In particular, the purification system is an endothermic engine powered by liquid and gaseous fuels or combustibles, that is, a supercharged or atmospheric Otto cycle engine and a Diesel cycle engine, which are two-stroke or four-stroke, and are used in the automotive field for carbureted, direct injection, or indirect injection engines.

Background Art

[0002] According to the known art, the exhaust gas purification system of the endothermic engine in use cannot effectively purify the exhaust gas generated by the engine itself, and therefore releases gaseous and solid substances that are very harmful to health into the air. The most well-known purification system is known by the initials DPF and FAP.

[0003] The diesel particulate filter (FAP or DPF type) inserted into the exhaust system and integrated with a catalyst or a catalytic converter is composed of a monolithic carrier based on porous silicon carbide. Thereby, the size of the particulate matter particles in the exhaust can be reduced to less than one thousandth, taking into account particles of a small size (<20 nm).

[0004] The diesel particulate filter consists of a series of flow channels in which particulate matter is captured on the surface while the exhaust gas passes through its porous walls, and is regarded as a substantially mechanical filter.

[0005] Therefore, diesel particulate filters are a substantial "mechanical trap" where the powder is actually "captured". For this reason, the "capture" flow paths are clogged with particulate matter, so these diesel particulate filters require periodic cleaning. This cleaning is called regeneration. Regeneration is a flame propagation process that causes a combustion process of the particulate matter inside the filter, that is, a process of incinerating the particulate matter and reducing its size. Typically, such a process occurs every 800 to 1000 km, or even at intervals of less than 300 km in urban areas. Substantially two types of particulate filter systems, FAP or DPF, are used by engineers. These two types of filter systems differ in terms of structure and operation. The main difference lies in essentially different regeneration methods.

[0006] The particulate filter system called FAP (Filtres a Particules) belongs to the type of filter that uses various additives based on regenerated cerium oxide and / or iron oxide. The particulate filter system called DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) does not use additives. However, in both types, during the regeneration process, that is, during the combustion of the particulate matter present in the filter, especially in the post-combustion device, the exhaust gas can reach a temperature of 550 °C or higher.

[0007] Such known filter systems are unable to effectively purify the gas itself, thus releasing gaseous and solid substances that are extremely harmful to health into the air. Moreover, after the combustion process, nanoparticles of particulate matter with even smaller sizes are generated. As a result, such particles that have become even smaller can easily reach the alveoli of the respiratory organs, and thus reach the blood and all other internal organs of each person who inhales them. In addition, in order to solve the problems of pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of diesel engines and Otto cycle engines, such as cerium (cerium oxide) which tends to lower the ignition point of particulate matter, and urea (diamide carbonate) used in the latest catalysts for suppressing NOx, among other gaseous pollutants, not limited to examples, are mixed, resulting in the release of highly toxic water vapor (especially the cause of acid rain) into the atmosphere.

[0008] Furthermore, by activating the afterburning function of the exhaust gas, the pollution prevention device (FAP and / or DPF) significantly raises the operating temperature of the combustion chamber, that is, the operating temperature of the exhaust gas reaching 550°C or higher in the afterburning device (FAP / DPF) and the entire exhaust line. In some cases, it may cause ignition in the entire device and machinery, and in any case, it must be added that it poses a potential risk of causing ignition in the system and machinery where the device is installed.

[0009] Such known systems have the drawbacks of making particulate powders invisible and easier to inhale, vaporizing them using chemicals in the atmosphere, and amplifying the operating temperature of the engine, exhaust line, and surrounding environment.

[0010] Other exhaust gas purification systems such as known technologies are known. For example, Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2019 / 196969, Applicant: Robert K. Werner) describes a catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine that extracts energy from the combustion of fuel and air. The generated combustion gas is guided along a passage path through a catalytic converter to which a diffusion film having high temperature resistance is fixed. The catalytic converter is adjacent to a gas recovery device that is maintained at a low pressure for each of its internal pressures. Each gas recovered and collected from the combustion gas is returned to the combustion chamber of the engine (M) to lower the operating temperature of the engine and reduce the further generation of NOx. A vortex chamber is inserted into the passage path and is adjacent to the diffusion film. The internal pressure of the catalytic converter is higher than the internal pressure of the vortex chamber due to obstacles for the combustion gas. At a rate corresponding to the burned fuel, water is added to the combustion gas in the passage path upstream of the vortex chamber. Water is recovered by cooling the exhaust gas along the exhaust line of the engine.

[0011] Patent Document 2 (German Patent Invention No. 3002871 Specification, Applicant: Brun GmbH) describes a method for purifying exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine by cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature lower than its dew point and separating the generated liquid matter and solid particles contained in the exhaust gas. The apparatus for carrying out this method includes, for example, an exhaust duct having a cooling surface connected to the cooling circuit of a cooling device, and a liquid separator containing an absorbent used for further separating solid particles.

[0012] Patent Document 3 (International Publication No. 2020 / 049184, Applicant: Instruction GmbH) relates to an apparatus for purifying drinking water in more steps by combining purification technologies in a module instead of the exhaust gas of an endothermic engine.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0013]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0014] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to realize a system for purifying exhaust gas of an endothermic engine with less risk in use, particularly a system for purifying exhaust gas of an endothermic engine without the risk of fire in an automobile equipped with the same.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to realize a purification system that is more efficient than known ones, leads to a reduction in pollutants discharged from the endothermic engine, and brings great benefits to people's health.

[0016] Yet another object of the present invention is to realize a purification system that can be easily applied to currently circulating automobiles and thus does not need to be installed during the automobile production process.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0017] The above object is achieved by at least one duct for discharging the gas generated by the endothermic engine, means for cooling the exhaust gas passing through the duct, which means condenses at least a part of the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas into water in at least one region of the exhaust duct, a system for purifying the exhaust gas of the endothermic engine, including means for separating the condensed water condensed by the cooling means along the exhaust duct from the exhaust gas and bypassing it along a secondary duct, Furthermore, it is characterized in that it is provided with filtering means which is arranged downstream of the separating means along the secondary duct and filters the condensed and separated water. It can be achieved by

[0018] Such a solution enables the recovery of a large amount of contaminated powder present in the exhaust gas and CO and / or CO2 that dissolve in water and remain in the water itself even after separation by the above separation means. The filtration means can sufficiently purify the condensed and separated water by removing both the contaminated powder remaining in the condensed water and the contaminated gas dissolved in water after the above separation.

[0019] The purification system according to the present invention further includes means for injecting the purified water obtained from the injection means into the exhaust duct upstream of the cooling means, and includes means for injecting the purified water at the inlet of at least one region of the exhaust duct.

[0020] Such a solution enables the injection of at least a part of the purified water into the exhaust duct and its resulting atomization using at least a part of the purified water upstream of the region of the exhaust duct where the cooling means operates. The atomization of the purified water not only advantageously contributes to the cooling of the exhaust gas, but also enables the "capture" of inert particles (or contaminated powder) present in the exhaust gas and in gases soluble in water itself such as CO and CO2.

[0021] Furthermore, the cooling means is a closed circuit in which a refrigerant fluid preferably not limited to an R1234YF mixture circulates inside, has at least one first heat exchange part arranged in the region and exchanging heat with the exhaust duct, and is provided with a closed circuit that at least partially directly or indirectly causes the condensation of water vapor contained in the exhaust gas.

[0022] Furthermore, the cooling means includes a compressor and a gas expansion valve along the closed circuit, the compressor is arranged downstream of the first heat exchange part, and the expansion valve is arranged upstream of the at least one first heat exchange part.

[0023] Furthermore, the separation means includes at least one centrifuge, preferably a conical centrifuge, more preferably a two-stage centrifuge.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system includes one or more recovery tanks for recovering the condensed and separated water, and a recovery tank is functionally arranged downstream of the separation means along the secondary duct between the separation means and the filtration means for the condensed and separated water.

[0025] Furthermore, the filtration means for filtering the condensed and separated water has at least one activated carbon filter, and / or at least one filter containing a cation resin, and / or at least one agglomeration filter.

[0026] The activated carbon filter, and / or the filter containing a cation resin, and / or the agglomeration filter may be replaced when the predetermined mileage of the automobile equipped with the purification system is exceeded. In fact, simply replacing the activated carbon filter, and / or the filter containing a cation resin, and / or the agglomeration filter can be used for regular maintenance of the purification device.

[0027] Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the injection means includes at least one connecting pipe that directly or indirectly connects the filtration means to the discharge duct, at least one injector arranged upstream of the one region of the discharge duct, and at least one pump for supplying the purified water to the at least one injector.

[0028] Furthermore, at least one recovery tank for recovering the purified water from the filtration means using the injection means is functionally arranged between the injection means and the filtration means.

[0029] Continuing, according to the present invention, the separation means is adapted to direct the exhaust gas along the end of the discharge duct, at least to the portion without the condensed water. Advantageously, the system includes, downstream of the separation means, at least one impregnated activated carbon filter and / or at least one HEPA-type absolute filter, preferably an absolute filter of H14 type or higher precision, arranged along the end of the discharge duct.

[0030] Furthermore, the cooling means further includes a condenser arranged along at least one second heat exchange section of the closed circuit, the condenser having a liquid-immersed radiator core, and the second heat exchange section passing through an airtight container having a first refrigerant liquid. Advantageously, the first refrigerant liquid includes a mixture of water and glycol.

[0031] The present invention also provides a transport vehicle including an endothermic engine, a system according to any one of claims 1 to 12 for purifying the exhaust gas exiting from the endothermic engine, and a cooling system for cooling the endothermic engine, wherein advantageously, the cooling system includes a closed circuit, a pump arranged along the closed circuit for circulating a second refrigerant liquid, and a liquid-immersed radiator core arranged in the airtight container.

[0032] Advantageously, the second refrigerant liquid includes a mixture of water and glycol.

[0033] Furthermore, the transport vehicle includes a heat exchange system for cooling the refrigerant fluid and the second refrigerant liquid, the heat exchange system including a closed circuit in which the first refrigerant liquid circulates internally, a pump for circulating the first refrigerant liquid, and a cooling device for the first refrigerant liquid and the airtight container. Advantageously, the heat exchange system includes a heat exchange section for the exhaust gas and the first heat exchange section of the cooling means.

[0034] Preferably, the cooling device includes at least one Peltier cell.

[0035] Finally, the vehicle has an air conditioner in the passenger compartment, and the cooling means of the purification system is functionally connected to the air conditioner.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the features of the present invention will become apparent by reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments provided by non-limiting examples.

[0037]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes an exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention.

[0039] For the understanding of the solution proposed in this patent application, FIG. 1 shows in a highly simplified form some important elements within a general transport vehicle 200. The transport vehicle 200 may be either a road type or a special type, may be already registered and / or in circulation, and may be of any size and type. By way of non-limiting example, the vehicle 200 may be used for railway transportation and / or may be used as any vehicle in which an endothermic engine is used.

[0040] The vehicle 200 includes an endothermic engine 100 of the diesel cycle type and a purification system 1 for exhaust gas (or exhaust) generated from the endothermic engine 100.

[0041] It should be stated that the Otto-type endothermic engine also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The purification system 1 for the exhaust gas S of the endothermic engine 100 includes a duct 2 for discharging the gas generated by the endothermic engine 100, and in a region 21 of the discharge duct 2, means 3 for cooling the exhaust gas S passing through the duct 2 in order to condense the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas into condensed water AC, and means 4 for separating the condensed water AC condensed by the cooling means 3 along the discharge duct 2 from the exhaust gas S and diverting it along the secondary duct 10.

[0043] The purification system 1 further includes a filtering means 5 disposed downstream of the separating means 4 along the secondary duct 10 for filtering the condensed and separated water AC.

[0044] In this case, the separating means 4 includes a two-stage conical centrifuge 50. In another embodiment not shown, such separating means 4 may include a single-stage conical centrifuge or a single-stage non-conical centrifuge, both of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] By such a solution, the water present in the exhaust gas S of the endothermic engine 100 can be filtered and separated from impurities. More precisely, the purified water AD regenerated by the reconversion effect of the water vapor present in the exhaust gas S is centrifuged by a two-stage conical centrifuge, and all contaminant particles are mixed with the water itself. This mixing increases the weight and volume of all solid particles and the dissolution of gaseous particles, thus eliminating the possibility of their reintroduction into the air. Such inert particles are captured by the filtering means 5, and completely purified water AD is generated.

[0046] Furthermore, the purification system 1 includes means 30 for injecting the purified water AD from the filtering means 5 into the discharge duct 2. Such injection means 3 can inject and spray the purified water AD in the above-mentioned region 21 of the discharge duct 2.

[0047] Such a solution enables filtering the water present in the exhaust gas S of the endothermic engine 100 to separate it from impurities and using the once-purified water to further capture the impurities present in the contaminated exhaust gas S. More precisely, the purified water AD regenerated by the conversion effect of water vapor is mixed with the exhaust gas S and centrifuged by a two-stage conical centrifuge, and all the contaminating particles are mixed with the water itself. Furthermore, by injecting water, the cooling of the exhaust gas can be promoted, and by spraying the purified water, the "capture" of gaseous and / or inert particles (or contaminated powder) present in the exhaust gas is promoted.

[0048] According to this embodiment, the cooling means 3 comprises a closed circuit 40 in which a refrigerant fluid such as an R1234YF mixture circulates inside. According to a further embodiment, the refrigerant fluid may be different from the R1234YF mixture as long as it does not deviate from the scope of protection of the present invention. The closed circuit 40 is arranged in the region 21 of the exhaust duct 2 and comprises a first heat exchange part 41 for heat-exchanging with the exhaust duct 2, whereby at least part of the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas S condenses. The heat exchange part can be in direct or indirect contact with the exhaust gas S. In fact, the heat exchange part 41 can have a plurality of tubes through which the refrigerant fluid flows inside. In this embodiment, those tubes are not in direct contact with the exhaust gas, but a further carrier liquid is cooled along the first heat exchange length 41 and then it causes the cooling of the exhaust gas passing through the region 21 of the exhaust duct 2. According to a further embodiment of the present invention, those tubes of the first heat exchange part 41 may be in direct contact with the exhaust gas S.

[0049] Furthermore, the cooling means 3 comprises a compressor 42 and a gas expansion valve 43 along the closed circuit 40, the compressor 42 being downstream of the heat exchange part 41 and the expansion valve 43 being upstream of the heat exchange part 41.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 1, the purification system 1 comprises two recovery tanks 60 which are functionally arranged along the secondary duct 10 between the separation means 4 and the condensate filtering means 5 and recover the condensed and separated water AC.

[0051] The number of the recovery tanks 60 for the condensed and centrifuged water depends, in this case, on the presence of at least one two-stage centrifuge 50, and according to a further embodiment, the number of the condensed water recovery tanks 60 may also be by one unit as long as it does not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] According to this embodiment, the filtering means 5 for filtering the condensed and separated water has an activated carbon filter, a filter containing a cation resin, and / or a flocculation filter. These filters may be replaced respectively when the predetermined number of kilometers traveled by the automobile or the operating time of the machine equipped with the purification system 1 is exceeded.

[0053] This filtering means 5 has at least one activated carbon filter, at least one filter containing a cation resin, and at least one flocculation filter. However, according to other embodiments, it should be noted that the filtering means 5 can be provided with only one activated carbon filter, or only one cation resin filter, or only one flocculation filter, or a combination of only two of these filters as long as it does not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the injection means 30 includes a connecting pipe 31 that directly or indirectly connects the filtering means 5 to the discharge duct 2, an injector 33 disposed upstream of the region 21 of the discharge duct 2, that is, upstream of the first heat exchange part 41 of the cooling means 3, and a pump 32 that supplies the purified water AD to the injector 33.

[0055] According to this embodiment, a recovery tank 15 for recovering the purified water AD used by the injection means 30 from the filtering means 5 is provided between the injection means 30 and the filtering means 5.

[0056] The injection of the purified water AD and the resulting atomization promote the cooling of the exhaust gas 41, and at the same time, enable the capture of at least a part of the fine inert powder and the contaminated powder contained in the exhaust gas S, and a part of the water-soluble gases such as CO2 and CO together, at least initially.

[0057] Similar to the condensate water in the air conditioning system, the excess purified water AD present in the recovery container 15 can be removed through a discharge port (not shown) that can be opened when the purified water AD reaching the container 15 exceeds a predetermined level.

[0058] Continuing as shown in FIG. 1, the separation means 4 is adapted to guide the exhaust gas S with at least a part of the condensate water AC removed along the end 2a of the exhaust duct 2. Further, the system 1 has a filtration device 80 that sequentially includes an impregnated activated carbon filter and an absolute filter of HEPA H14 type or higher accuracy, and these filters are arranged in series along the end 2a of the exhaust duct 2 downstream of the separation means 4. According to a further embodiment, as long as it does not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention, the filtration device 80 may include only the impregnated activated carbon filter or only the absolute filter of HEPA H14 type or higher accuracy.

[0059] It should be noted that since the exhaust gas S reaches the end 2a at a temperature below 60°C, that is, a temperature below the temperature that the filter can withstand, the HEPA filter and the activated carbon filter can be arranged along the end 2a of the exhaust duct 2.

[0060] Continuing according to this embodiment, the cooling means 3 further includes a condenser 85 arranged along at least one second heat exchange part 86 of the closed circuit 40. The second part 86 passes through the airtight container 120 containing the first refrigerant liquid, and this condenser 85 has a liquid immersion type radiator core. Therefore, the condenser 85 is immersed in the container 120. The first refrigerant liquid contains water and glycol.

[0061] As shown in Fig. 2, both the second heat exchange part 86 and the condenser 85 of the cooling means 3 are immersed in the airtight container 120. It can be seen how the second heat exchange part 86 passes through the container 120 and that the second heat exchange part 86 has an inlet part 86a and an outlet part 86b. The refrigerant fluid circulating in the closed circuit 40 is pressurized by the compressor 42, condensed once, enters the inlet part 86a, exits from the outlet part 86b, reaches the expansion valve 43, and then reaches the evaporator 41, i.e., the first heat exchange part.

[0062] The present invention also relates to a vehicle 200 comprising an endothermic engine 100 and a cooling system 101 for the endothermic engine 100 according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, in addition to the system 1 as described above for purifying the exhaust gas 1 exiting the endothermic engine 100. This cooling system 101 comprises a closed circuit C, a pump 102 arranged along the closed circuit C for circulating a second refrigerant fluid such as, for example, water and glycol or other refrigerant liquids according to further embodiments, and a liquid-immersed radiator core 103 arranged inside the airtight container 120.

[0063] Fig. 2 shows the radiator core 103 arranged inside the airtight container 120. The form of the inlet part 103a and the outlet part 103b (the outlet part 103b is shown in Fig. 1) of the refrigerant fluid in the radiator core 103 can be seen. The refrigerant fluid circulating in the closed circuit C is pressurized by the pump 102, enters the inlet part 103a, exits from the outlet part 103b, reaches the endothermic engine 100, and cools the endothermic engine 100.

[0064] Continuing as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, vehicle 200 further includes a heat exchange system that cools a refrigerant fluid and a second refrigerant liquid. This heat exchange system includes a closed circuit 300 in which a first refrigerant liquid circulates internally, a circulation pump 301 for the first refrigerant liquid, a cooling device 302 for the first refrigerant liquid, and the above-described airtight container 120 provided therein with both the first and second radiator cores 86, 103. This airtight container 120 has an inlet portion 120a and an outlet portion 120b of the first refrigerant liquid, together with a lid 120c for inspecting and closing the closed circuit 300. This circulation is continuously performed in the closed circuit 300, and the cooling of the refrigerant liquid is surely performed by the cooling means 3. When the ambient temperature is excessively high, the cooling of the refrigerant liquid is also surely performed by the cooling device 302 that greatly increases the cooling capacity of the system. The heat exchange system further includes a heat exchange portion 303 for the exhaust gas S and the first heat exchange portion 41 of the cooling means 3. In particular, as described above, preferably cylindrical, and a plurality of tubes of the first heat exchange portion 41 are accommodated inside the heat exchange portion 303 filled with the first refrigerant liquid. Inside this cylindrical portion having dimensions substantially corresponding to the region 21 of the exhaust duct 2, a plurality of tubes through which the exhaust gas S flows internally pass. In fact, such tubes through which the exhaust gas S flows internally are immersed in the first refrigerant liquid and are sequentially cooled by the first heat exchange portion 41 of the cooling means 3.

[0065] So far, both the first and second refrigerant liquids include a mixture of water and glycol, but according to other embodiments, one or both of the refrigerant liquids can be different without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] According to one aspect of the present invention, the cooling device 302 of the heat exchange system that cools the first refrigerant liquid and the refrigerant fluid includes a plurality of Peltier cells.

[0067] The plurality of Peltier cells are mainly operated in warm seasons where it is necessary to promote the cooling of the region 21 of the exhaust duct 2. In fact, when the refrigerant fluid passes through the first heat exchange portion 41 of the closed circuit 40, the cooling of the region 21 of the exhaust duct 2 is generally obtained by the compressor 42 of the cooling means 3.

[0068] In this embodiment, the cooling device 302 is in one of the two connecting pipes of the closed circuit 300 that connects the airtight container 120 to the heat exchange part 303 for the exhaust gas S and the first heat exchange part 41 of the cooling means 3. According to a further aspect, it should be stated that, as long as it does not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention, the cooling device, that is, one or more Peltier cells, can be arranged in both connecting pipes or one connecting pipe of the closed circuit 300.

[0069] The vehicle 200 further includes an air conditioner present in the passenger compartment of the vehicle itself. It is advantageous that the cooling means 3 of the purification system 1 is functionally connected to the air conditioner. The vehicle further includes a series of temperature sensors 140 and level sensors 141 suitable for ensuring the complete operation of both the purification system 1 and the vehicle 200.

[0070] The vehicle 200 includes a control device (not shown) that permits changes in the speeds of the compressor 42 and / or both pumps 102, 301 according to signals from the above-mentioned two sensors 140, 141, thereby changing the flow rates of the refrigerant fluid and the first and second refrigerant liquids, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the region 41 of the exhaust duct 2 is kept constant or varies within a predetermined temperature range, thereby ensuring that, at the same time, appropriate cooling of the endothermic engine 100 is ensured.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0071] 1 ··· Exhaust gas purification system 2 ··· Exhaust duct 2a ··· End 21 ··· One region 3 ··· Cooling means 30 ··· Injection means 31 ··· Connecting pipe 32 ··· Pump 33 ··· Injector 4 ··· Separation means 5 ··· Filtration means 10 ··· Secondary duct 15 ··· Recovery tank 40 ··· Closed loop 41 ··· First heat exchange section 42 ··· Compressor 43 ··· Gas expansion valve 50 ··· Centrifuge 60 ··· Recovery tank 80 ··· Filtration device 85 ··· Condenser 86 ··· Second heat exchange section 86a ··· Inlet section 86b ··· Outlet section 100 ··· Endothermic engine 101 ··· Cooling system C ··· Closed loop 102 ··· Pump 103 ··· Immersion type radiator core 103a ··· Inlet section 103b ··· Outlet section 120 ··· Hermetic container 120a ··· Inlet section 120b ··· Outlet section 120c ··· Lid 140 ··· Temperature sensor 141 ··· Level sensor 200 ··· Transport vehicle 300 ··· Closed loop 301 ··· Circulation pump 302 ··· Cooling device 303 ··· Heat exchange section S ··· Exhaust gas AC ··· Condensate AD ··· Purified water

Claims

1. A system (1) for purifying the exhaust gas of an endothermic engine, comprising at least one exhaust duct (2) for discharging the exhaust gas (S) generated by the endothermic engine (100), and cooling means (3) for cooling the exhaust gas (S) passing through the exhaust duct (2), wherein in at least one region (21) of the exhaust duct (2), the cooling means (3) condenses at least a part of the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas (S) into water (AC), and separation means (4) for separating the condensed water (AC) condensed by the cooling means (3) along the exhaust duct (2) from the exhaust gas (S) and diverting it along a secondary duct (10). Furthermore, it is provided with filtering means (5) arranged downstream of the separation means (4) along the secondary duct (10) for filtering the condensed and separated water (AC). Furthermore, injection means for injecting the purified water (AD) that has passed through the filtering means (5) into the exhaust duct (2), characterized in that it includes injection means (30) for injecting the purified water upstream of at least one region (21) of the exhaust duct (2). A system (1) for purifying the exhaust gas of an endothermic engine.

2. In the system according to Claim 1, the cooling means (3) is a closed circuit (40) in which a refrigerant fluid circulates inside, and is arranged in the one region (21) of the exhaust duct, and is provided with a closed circuit (40) having at least one first heat exchange part (41) for heat-exchanging with the exhaust duct (2).

3. In the system according to Claim 2, the cooling means (3) is provided with a compressor (42) and a gas expansion valve (43) along the closed circuit (40), the compressor is arranged downstream of the at least one first heat exchange part (41), and the gas expansion valve (43) is arranged upstream of the at least one first heat exchange part (41).

4. In the system according to Claim 1, the separation means (4) is provided with at least one centrifuge (50), preferably a conical one, more preferably a two-stage centrifuge.

5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more recovery tanks (60) for recovering the condensed and separated water (AC), wherein a recovery tank (60) is functionally arranged downstream of the separation means (4) along the secondary duct (10) between the separation means (4) and the filtering means (5) for the condensed and separated water.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the filtering means (5) for filtering the condensed and separated water comprises at least one activated carbon filter, and / or at least one filter containing a cation resin, and / or at least one agglomeration filter.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the injection means (30) comprises at least one connecting pipe (31) directly or indirectly connecting the filtering means (5) to the discharge duct (2), at least one injector (33) arranged upstream of the one region (21) of the discharge duct (2), and at least one pump (32) for supplying the purified water (AD) to the at least one injector (33).

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one recovery tank (15) for recovering the purified water (AD) from the filtering means using the injection means is functionally arranged between the injection means (30) and the filtering means (5).

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the separation means (4) is adapted to direct the exhaust gas (S) along the end (2a) of the discharge duct (2) to at least a portion without the condensed water (AC), and the separation means (4) also comprises a filtering device (80) arranged downstream of the separation means (4) along the end (2a) of the discharge duct, the filtering device (80) including at least one impregnated activated carbon filter, and / or at least one HEPA-type absolute filter.

10. In the system according to claim 2, the cooling means (3) further comprises a condenser (85) arranged along at least one second heat exchange part (86) of the closed circuit (40), and the condenser (85) has a liquid immersion type radiator core and passes through an airtight container (120) having a first refrigerant liquid. A system characterized by that.

11. In the system according to claim 10, the first refrigerant liquid comprises a mixture of water and glycol. A system characterized by that.

12. A transport vehicle (200) including an endothermic engine (100), the system (1) according to claim 10 for purifying the exhaust gas exiting the endothermic engine (100), and a cooling system (101) for cooling the endothermic engine, wherein the cooling system (101) includes a closed circuit (C), a pump (102) arranged along the closed circuit (C) for circulating a second refrigerant liquid, and a liquid immersion type radiator core (103) arranged within the airtight container (120). A transport vehicle (200) characterized by that.

13. The vehicle according to claim 12, comprising a heat exchange system for cooling the refrigerant fluid and the second refrigerant liquid, the heat exchange system including a closed circuit (300) through which the first refrigerant liquid circulates inside, a circulation pump (301) for circulating the first refrigerant liquid, a cooling device (302) for the first refrigerant liquid and the airtight container (120), and a heat exchange part (303) for the exhaust gas and the first heat exchange part (41) of the cooling means. A vehicle characterized by that.

14. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the cooling device (302) comprises at least one Peltier cell. A vehicle characterized by that.

15. The vehicle according to claim 12, having an air conditioner in the passenger compartment, and the cooling means (3) of the purification system (1) is functionally connected to the air conditioner. A vehicle characterized by that.

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