Thermostat and heat dissipation system and vehicle

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of temperature control device technology, and particularly to a thermostat, a heat dissipation system, and a vehicle. The thermostat has a first passage, a second passage, a third passage, and a fourth passage. The thermostat, by adding a second passage, can preheat the radiator when performing a small circulation loop at low temperatures. It also adds a fourth passage for automatic pressure relief under high pressure conditions. This invention solves the problems of existing thermostats having limited functionality and low integration, only able to control the opening and closing of the small and large oil circulation loops. Furthermore, it addresses the issues of high-temperature oil causing significant thermal and pressure shocks to the radiator when the large circulation loop is open, affecting the reliability of the heat dissipation system, and the inability to promptly relieve pressure when the system pressure is too high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of temperature control device technology, and particularly to a thermostat, a heat dissipation system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A thermostat is a valve that controls the flow path of coolant. It is an automatic temperature control device that typically contains a temperature-sensing component that opens or closes the flow of air, gas, or liquid through expansion or contraction.

[0003] Existing thermostats mainly consist of a valve body and a valve core, and have three oil ports: A, B, and C. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. Existing thermostat-based solutions for controlling transmission oil temperature are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its working mechanism is that the thermostat acts as a temperature control valve, setting a critical temperature of 70℃. When the transmission oil temperature t is less than 70℃, valve 2 opens and valve 1 closes. The circulation route of the oil is dual transmission assembly → ③ → thermostat → ④ → dual transmission assembly. This cycle is called the small cycle. When the transmission oil temperature t is greater than 70℃, valve 1 opens and valve 2 closes. The circulation route of the oil is dual transmission system → ③ → thermostat → ② → radiator → ① → ④ → dual transmission system. This cycle is called the large cycle.

[0004] However, existing thermostats, due to their own structure, still have the following technical problems: 1) They have a single function and low integration, and can only control the opening and closing of the small and large oil circulation loops; 2) When the large circulation loop is open, the high temperature oil has a large thermal shock and pressure shock to the radiator, which affects the reliability of the heat dissipation system; 3) They do not have an integrated safety valve, so they cannot release pressure in time when the system pressure is too high.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a thermostat and a heat dissipation system for a vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a thermostat and a cooling system for a vehicle, which mainly solves the problems of existing thermostats having limited functions and low integration, only able to control the opening and closing of the small and large oil circulation loops, while the high temperature oil causes significant thermal and pressure shocks to the radiator when the large circulation loop is open, affecting the reliability of the cooling system, and the inability to release pressure in time when the system pressure is too high.

[0007] This invention proposes a thermostat, comprising:

[0008] First pathway;

[0009] Second pathway;

[0010] The third pathway;

[0011] Fourth pathway;

[0012] When the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the first passage and the second passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the second passage and the third passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the first passage, the second passage and the third passage are all connected, and the flow rate of the first passage and the third passage is reduced.

[0013] When the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the fourth passage is activated.

[0014] The second path and the third path move in the same direction, and the flow rate of the second path is less than that of the third path.

[0015] Preferably, the first path, the second path, and the third path originate from the same radial transmission path;

[0016] The fourth path includes a longitudinal transmission path that is different from the first, second, and third paths.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes:

[0018] A temperature control valve is installed on the radial transmission path of the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage, and is used to control the conduction of the first passage and / or the third passage.

[0019] The first, second, and third paths extend from the sidewall of the current radial transmission path and form their respective branch paths; the branch path of the second path is located close to the input port; the branch paths of the first and third paths are positioned one after the other.

[0020] The temperature control valve is located at the end of the current radial path away from the input port, and a shielding structure is formed on the end of the temperature control valve facing the input port; the temperature control valve can extend or contract according to the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat, and the shielding structure moves back and forth along the current radial transmission path to fully shield the branch path of the first passage or the branch path of the third passage, or partially shield the branch path of the first passage and the branch path of the third passage.

[0021] Preferably, the width of the shielding structure is at least equal to the width of the bifurcation path of the first path and the width of the bifurcation path of the third path;

[0022] The branch path of the third path is located between the branch path of the first path and the branch path of the second path.

[0023] The shielding structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the shielding structure is equal to the inner diameter of the current radial transmission path.

[0024] Preferably, the branch paths of the first path, the second path, and the third path are all arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the sidewall of the current radial transmission path; the branch paths of the second path and the third path are arranged in the same direction and adjacent to each other, and the branch path of the third path is arranged in the opposite direction to the branch path of the first path.

[0025] Preferably, it further includes:

[0026] The safety valve is hollow and its internal components constitute the fourth passage described above.

[0027] The longitudinal transmission path and the radial transmission path both have the same input port disposed on the surface of the thermostat, and the longitudinal transmission path is disposed close to the input port; the longitudinal transmission path is connected to the safety valve and flows through the internal path of the safety valve to an output port on the surface of the thermostat.

[0028] Preferably, one end of the safety valve is connected to the input port via a longitudinal transmission path, and the other end is provided with a conductive structure that can move along the length of the internal channel of the safety valve; the conductive structure is connected to an output port on the surface of the thermostat via another longitudinal transmission path.

[0029] The conductive structure has a through hole at its end facing the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve; when the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the conductive structure moves toward the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve until its end through hole connects to the internal channel of the safety valve, thus opening the fourth passage.

[0030] Preferably, the fourth path and the first path have the same output port on the surface of the thermostat; the second path and the third path have another output port on the surface of the thermostat.

[0031] The present invention also proposes a heat dissipation system, including the aforementioned thermostat, and further comprising:

[0032] The radiator is connected at both ends to the two output ports on the thermostat.

[0033] The dual-variable assembly has one end connected to the input port on the thermostat and the other end connected to the output port inside the thermostat that connects to the first path.

[0034] When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, and flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the first passage in the thermostat. Part of the conveyed material also flows to the radiator via the second passage in the thermostat and then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly.

[0035] When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, flows to the radiator through the second and third passages in the thermostat, and then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly.

[0036] When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the first passage of the thermostat, and simultaneously flows to the radiator via the second and third passages in the thermostat, then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly.

[0037] When the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat exceeds a first preset pressure threshold, the conveyed material enters the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly and flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the fourth passage within the thermostat.

[0038] The present invention also proposes a vehicle including the aforementioned cooling system.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the following beneficial effects can be obtained by applying the technical solution provided by the present invention:

[0040] First, the thermostat proposed in this invention is provided with a first passage for executing a small cycle and a third passage for executing a large cycle. While the small cycle is started, the large cycle is preheated through the second passage, which improves the functional integration of the thermostat.

[0041] Secondly, the thermostat proposed in this invention is equipped with a fourth passage, which is used to quickly conduct when the system pressure exceeds the safety value, thereby realizing automatic pressure relief and improving the reliability and safety of the thermostat.

[0042] Third, the heat dissipation system proposed in this invention plans a small circulation path and a large circulation path. By setting the first to fourth passages on the thermostat, the radiator will be preheated at low temperature, which improves the heat dissipation system's resistance to thermal shock. At the same time, it will automatically depressurize under high pressure, which improves the heat dissipation system's resistance to pressure shock. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the current thermostat structure.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the current heat dissipation system;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the thermostat structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the temperature control valve inside the thermostat in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a continuity diagram of the temperature control valve of the thermostat in Embodiment 1 of the present invention at different temperatures;

[0049] Figure 6 The diagrams show the non-conducting and conducting states of the safety valve of the thermostat in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the conduction principle of the thermostat in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a connection block diagram of the heat dissipation system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Existing thermostats have limited functionality and low integration, only controlling the opening and closing of the small and large oil circulation loops. Furthermore, when the large circulation loop is open, the high-temperature oil causes significant thermal and pressure shocks to the radiator, affecting the reliability of the cooling system. Additionally, they cannot release pressure in a timely manner when the system pressure is too high.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figures 3-7As shown, to solve the above problems, this embodiment proposes a thermostat, including a first passage, a second passage, a third passage, and a fourth passage; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is lower than a first preset temperature threshold, the first passage and the second passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than a second preset temperature threshold, the second passage and the third passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold but lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage are all connected, and the flow rate of the first passage and the third passage is reduced; when the pressure of the conveyed material of the thermostat is greater than a first preset pressure threshold, the fourth passage is connected; the movement directions of the second passage and the third passage coincide, and the flow rate of the second passage is less than the flow rate of the third passage.

[0056] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first preset temperature threshold is 70°C, which is the initial opening temperature of the valve; the second preset temperature threshold is 82°C; and the first preset pressure threshold is 0.5MPa.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the thermostat supplies circulating oil, and the corresponding cooling system is the engine's cooling system.

[0058] Preferably, in this embodiment, the flow rate of the second passage is much smaller than the opening flow rate of the thermostat, which can be achieved by setting the orifice diameter of the second passage to be ten times smaller than the liquid flow diameter of the third passage.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second passage allows some transported material to be conveyed along the second passage even when the first passage is open in low-temperature conditions, corresponding to the preheating of another transport channel for external transported material, while also improving the functional integration of the thermostat. In addition, the fourth passage enables automatic pressure relief of the thermostat under high pressure conditions, improving the pressure resistance of the thermostat.

[0060] More specifically, the first, second, and third paths originate from the same radial transmission path; the fourth path includes a longitudinal transmission path that is different from the first, second, and third paths.

[0061] In this embodiment, the fourth path is used to achieve pressure control; the first, second, and third paths are used to achieve temperature control. Therefore, longitudinal and radial transmission paths are set for targeted control and are set independently to avoid mutual interference.

[0062] Preferably, it further includes a temperature control valve disposed on the radial transmission path of the first, second, and third passages for controlling the conduction of the first and / or third passages; the first, second, and third passages extend from the sidewall of the current radial transmission path and form their respective branch paths; the branch path of the second passage is disposed near the input port; the branch paths of the first and third passages are disposed one after the other; the temperature control valve is disposed at the end of the current radial path away from the input port, and a shielding structure is formed on the end of the temperature control valve facing the input port; the temperature control valve can extend or contract with the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat, and the shielding structure moves back and forth along the current radial transmission path to fully shield the branch path of the first or third passage, or partially shield the branch path of the first and third passages.

[0063] Preferably, in this embodiment, the branch path of the second passage is located outside the control range of the temperature control valve, so the second passage is always on when the thermostat is open.

[0064] Preferably, in this embodiment, the control range of the temperature control valve only includes the bifurcation path of the first passage and the bifurcation path of the third passage, that is, the shielding structure at the end of the temperature control valve moves between the bifurcation path of the first passage and the bifurcation path of the third passage.

[0065] In this embodiment, the temperature control valve controls the setting position of the shielding structure through its internal control principle, thereby realizing that under different conveying material temperatures, the first passage is blocked and the third passage is connected, or the third passage is blocked and the first passage is connected, or the first and third passages are partially blocked, so that the first and third passages are in a semi-conducting state.

[0066] More specifically, the width of the shielding structure is at least equal to the width of the bifurcation path of the first path and the width of the bifurcation path of the third path; the bifurcation path of the third path is located between the bifurcation path of the first path and the bifurcation path of the second path; the shielding structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the shielding structure is equal to the inner diameter of the current radial transmission path.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment, the current radial transmission path is a circular channel, and the hollow cylindrical structure of the shielding structure can be set up to avoid gaps between the radial transmission path and the shielding structure.

[0068] Preferably, in this embodiment, the width of the branch path of the first path is equal to the width of the branch path of the third path; the width of the blocking structure is exactly equal to the width of the branch path of the first path and the width of the branch path of the third path. In this embodiment, the width setting of the blocking structure can effectively ensure its blocking effect with the first and third paths, and avoid affecting the other path while blocking the current path.

[0069] Preferably, the positions of the first and third passages in this embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the control principle of the temperature control valve. For example, when the temperature is low, the shielding structure is set away from the input port, so setting the third passage away from the input port can enable the first passage to be open and block the third passage. The opposite is true when the temperature is high.

[0070] In this embodiment, since the blocking structure is a hollow cylinder, when it blocks any channel, the input material can still be transported to another channel through its hollow channel.

[0071] More specifically, the branch paths of the first path, the second path, and the third path are all arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the sidewall of the current radial transmission path; the branch paths of the second path and the third path are arranged in the same direction and adjacent to each other, and the branch path of the third path is arranged in the opposite direction to the branch path of the first path.

[0072] Preferably, in this embodiment, the thermostat has one input port and two output ports on its surface. In order to adapt to the oil circuit of the external heat dissipation system, the two output ports are respectively set on different end faces; inside the thermostat, the first passage and the third passage are arranged in opposite directions.

[0073] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first, second, and third passages are arranged perpendicular to the radial transmission path, which can improve the smoothness of the transported material from the radial transmission path to the first, second, and third passages, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the thermostat.

[0074] Preferably, in this embodiment, the second path is actually a bypass hole structure of a radial transmission path.

[0075] In this embodiment, the positions of the first, second, and third passages inside the thermostat are arranged to correspond to the formation of input ports and different output ports on the surface of the thermostat, which facilitates subsequent connections.

[0076] More specifically, it also includes a hollow safety valve, the internal passage of which constitutes a partial fourth passage; the longitudinal transmission path and the radial transmission path include the same input port disposed on the surface of the thermostat, and the longitudinal transmission path is disposed close to the input port; the longitudinal transmission path is connected to the safety valve and flows through the internal passage of the safety valve to an output port on the surface of the thermostat.

[0077] Preferably, in this embodiment, the longitudinal transmission path of the fourth channel is set closer to the input port than the radial transmission path, that is, in this embodiment, the pressure relief priority of the high-pressure state is higher than the conduction priority of the low-temperature state.

[0078] In this embodiment, the fourth channel is constructed as a longitudinal transmission channel, which is different from the radial transmission channel where the temperature control channel is located. This avoids mutual interference between the safety valve and the temperature control valve, and ensures that the processing level of the safety valve in the thermostat is higher than that of the temperature control valve, thereby further ensuring the pressure resistance of the thermostat.

[0079] More specifically, one end of the safety valve is connected to the input port via a longitudinal transmission path, and the other end is provided with a conductive structure that can move along the length of the internal channel of the safety valve; the conductive structure is connected to an output port on the surface of the thermostat via another longitudinal transmission path; a through hole is provided at the end of the conductive structure facing the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve; when the pressure of the conveyed material of the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the conductive structure moves towards the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve until its end through hole connects to the internal channel of the safety valve, thus opening the fourth passage.

[0080] Preferably, in this embodiment, the conducting structure at the end of the safety valve includes a back pressure valve. Based on its own control principle, the back pressure valve can push the conducting structure toward the bottom of the safety valve when the pressure of the conveyed material is greater than a first preset pressure threshold, thereby connecting the internal channel of the safety valve to form a fourth channel.

[0081] In this embodiment, the fourth channel provides a pressure relief channel for high-pressure environments, and the fourth channel effectively improves the pressure resistance of the thermostat, enabling automatic pressure relief under high-pressure conditions.

[0082] In this embodiment, the temperature control valve and the safety valve can be arranged one after the other, separating the passage corresponding to the temperature control valve from the passage corresponding to the safety valve. Specifically, the overall structure of the thermostat is achieved by using external fasteners for fixation.

[0083] In this embodiment, the fourth path and the first path share the same output port on the thermostat surface; the second path and the third path share another output port on the thermostat surface. It should be emphasized that in this embodiment, the second path can also be closed while the third path is open.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] like Figure 8 As shown, in order to solve the aforementioned problems, this embodiment proposes a heat dissipation system, including the thermostat of Embodiment 2, and also including a radiator and a dual-variable assembly; the radiator is respectively connected to the output port A and the output port B on the thermostat; one end of the dual-variable assembly is connected to the input port C on the thermostat, and the other end is connected to the output port A inside the thermostat that is connected to the first passage.

[0086] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material enters the thermostat from the dual-transformer assembly along route ③, flows back to the dual-transformer assembly along route ④ after passing through the first passage in the thermostat, and part of the conveyed material also flows to the radiator along route ② after passing through the second passage in the thermostat, flows back to the thermostat along route ①, and then flows back to the dual-transformer assembly along route ④.

[0087] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat from the dual-transformer assembly along route ③, flows through the second and third passages in the thermostat to the radiator along route ②, then flows back to the thermostat along route ①, and then flows back to the dual-transformer assembly along route ④.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material enters the thermostat from the dual-converter assembly along route ③, flows back to the dual-converter assembly along route ④ after passing through the first passage of the thermostat, and flows to the radiator along route ② after passing through the second and third passages in the thermostat, flows back to the thermostat along route ①, and flows back to the dual-converter assembly along route ④.

[0089] In this embodiment, when the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the conveyed material enters the thermostat from the dual-transformer assembly along route ③, and flows back to the dual-transformer assembly along route ④ after passing through the fourth passage in the thermostat.

[0090] In summary, in the heat dissipation system of this embodiment, the second passage in the thermostat can be in a small circulation state, with the oil inlet C connected to the high-temperature oil outlet B, diverting a small portion of hot oil to preheat the radiator, while most of the oil flows from port C to port A and then back to the dual-circuit system; after the large circulation is opened, port A is closed, and the oil flows from port C to port B; when the system reaches a certain pressure, the safety valve opens, and the oil flows from port C to port A.

[0091] The heat dissipation system proposed in this embodiment is based on the optimized thermostat structure and function of Embodiment 1, which improves its own reliability; it diverts some hot oil to preheat the radiator at low temperatures, which improves the thermal shock and pressure shock of high-temperature oil to the radiator when the thermostat is opened; at the same time, the thermostat integrates a safety valve, which can prevent damage to the components in the system due to excessive system pressure; and it can further optimize the installation space.

[0092] When a vehicle is equipped with the thermostat and cooling system described in Embodiments 1 and 2, the vehicle is also within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0093] In summary, the thermostat, heat dissipation system, and vehicle described in Embodiments 1 to 3 improve the thermostat's resistance to thermal shock and pressure shock through structural improvements, while also achieving higher integration and saving installation space.

[0094] The embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included within the scope of protection of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A thermostat, characterized in that, include: First pathway; Second pathway; The third pathway; Fourth pathway; When the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the first passage and the second passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the second passage and the third passage are connected; when the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the first passage, the second passage and the third passage are all connected, and the flow rate of the first passage and the third passage is reduced. When the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the fourth passage is activated. The movement directions of the second path and the third path coincide, and the flow rate of the second path is less than that of the third path; It also includes, A temperature control valve is installed on the radial transmission path of the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage, and is used to control the conduction of the first passage and / or the third passage. The first, second, and third paths extend from the sidewall of the current radial transmission path and form their respective branch paths; the branch path of the second path is located close to the input port of the thermostat; the branch paths of the first and third paths are arranged one after the other. The temperature control valve is located at the end of the current radial path away from the input port, and a shielding structure is formed on the end of the temperature control valve facing the input port; the temperature control valve can extend or contract according to the temperature of the conveyed material of the thermostat; the shielding structure moves back and forth along the current radial transmission path to fully shield the branch path of the first passage or the branch path of the third passage, or partially shield the branch path of the first passage and the branch path of the third passage. The width of the shielding structure is at least equal to the width of the bifurcation path of the first path and the width of the bifurcation path of the third path. The branch path of the third path is located between the branch path of the first path and the branch path of the second path. The shielding structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the shielding structure is equal to the inner diameter of the current radial transmission path.

2. A thermostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first, second, and third pathways originate from the same radial transmission path; The fourth path includes a longitudinal transmission path that is different from the first, second, and third paths.

3. A thermostat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The branch paths of the first path, the second path, and the third path are all arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the sidewall of the current radial transmission path; the branch paths of the second path and the third path are arranged in the same direction and adjacent to each other, and the branch path of the third path is arranged in the opposite direction to the branch path of the first path.

4. A thermostat according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The safety valve is hollow and its internal components constitute the fourth passage described above. The longitudinal transmission path and the radial transmission path both have the same input port disposed on the surface of the thermostat, and the longitudinal transmission path is disposed close to the input port; the longitudinal transmission path is connected to the safety valve and flows through the internal path of the safety valve to an output port on the surface of the thermostat.

5. A thermostat according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the safety valve is connected to the input port via a longitudinal transmission path, and the other end is provided with a conductive structure that can move along the length of the internal channel of the safety valve; the conductive structure is connected to an output port on the surface of the thermostat via another longitudinal transmission path. The conductive structure has a through hole at its end facing the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve; when the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat is greater than the first preset pressure threshold, the conductive structure moves toward the bottom of the internal channel of the safety valve until its end through hole connects to the internal channel of the safety valve, thus opening the fourth passage.

6. A thermostat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth path and the first path have the same output port on the surface of the thermostat; the second path and the third path have another output port on the surface of the thermostat.

7. A heat dissipation system comprising the thermostat according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The radiator is connected at both ends to the two output ports on the thermostat. The dual-variable assembly has one end connected to the input port on the thermostat and the other end connected to the output port inside the thermostat that connects to the first path. When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, and flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the first passage in the thermostat. Part of the conveyed material also flows to the radiator via the second passage in the thermostat and then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly. When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, flows to the radiator through the second and third passages in the thermostat, and then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly. When the temperature of the conveyed material in the thermostat is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the conveyed material is input into the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly, flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the first passage of the thermostat, and simultaneously flows to the radiator via the second and third passages in the thermostat, then flows back to the thermostat and back to the dual-variable assembly. When the pressure of the conveyed material in the thermostat exceeds a first preset pressure threshold, the conveyed material enters the thermostat along the dual-variable assembly and flows back to the dual-variable assembly via the fourth passage within the thermostat.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with the cooling system as described in claim 7.

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