Outer wall structure and drainage

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall structure and a drainer capable of suppressing intrusion of water into a building effectively upon flood etc.SOLUTION: An exterior wall structure 20 of the present invention is provided with: an exterior wall body 24 having an exterior wall 26 and a base 22; an opening formation part 30H placed so as to cover a vent hole V from the outside; and a seal unit 31 capable of opening and sealing an opening part of the opening formation part 30H. The seal unit 31 comprises an upper seal part 32, a lower seal part 33, a connection part 34, and a float 323. When rising of a water level around the exterior wall structure 20 makes buoyant force act on a float 323, the seal unit 31 is displaced from a first position releasing an upper opening part 301K and a lower opening part 303K of the opening formation part 30H to a second position sealing the upper opening part 301K and the lower opening part 303K.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an outer wall structure and drainage for suppressing the intrusion of water through a ventilation opening formed in an outer wall body.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in order to suppress flooding inside a structure during a flood, a base drainage as described in Patent Document 1 is known. This base drainage allows ventilation of the outer wall and under the floor through the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening, and regulates the entry of water into the building through the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening when the water level outside the building rises due to a flood or the like by covering the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening from the outside.

[0003] Specifically, the base drainage includes a drainage member including a drainage part main body disposed on the outdoor side of a wooden house rather than both the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening, and a receiving member that covers the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening from the outside and has a downward opening that opens downward, and a water stop valve rotatably provided about an axis parallel to the width direction of the outer wall between a position where the downward opening is opened and a position where it is closed.

[0004] In the open position, the tip (outdoor-side end) of the water stop valve is located below the base end (indoor-side end). The water stop valve is pushed up by the water pressure received from the outdoor side and closes the downward opening. Thereby, it is possible to regulate the entry of water into the interior through the outer wall ventilation opening and the under-floor ventilation opening even during a flood or the like.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] In the base drainage described in Cited Document 1, when the check valve is pushed up by water pressure, the tip of the check valve (the outdoor-side end) covers the periphery of the downward opening to seal the downward opening. However, in this configuration, the force for closing the downward opening is weak, so it is not possible to sufficiently regulate the intrusion of water into the interior through the outer wall ventilation opening and the underfloor ventilation opening. In particular, when the direction of the water flow around the check valve changes, the force with which the check valve seals the downward opening from below weakens, and there is a problem that water easily intrudes through the gap between the check valve and the downward opening.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an outer wall structure and a drainage that can effectively suppress the intrusion of water into a building during a flood or the like.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] To solve the above problems, the outer wall structure of the present invention has an outer wall and a foundation that supports the outer wall, and an outer wall main body in which a ventilation opening that opens to the outside for underfloor ventilation of the building is formed, and an opening forming portion attached to the outer wall main body so as to cover the ventilation opening from the outside. The opening forming portion has an upper opening portion that opens along the vertical direction and communicates with the ventilation opening, and a lower opening portion that opens along the vertical direction below the upper opening portion and communicates with the upper opening portion and the outside of the building, respectively. A sealing unit supported by the opening forming portion so as to be displaceable vertically between a first position that opens the upper opening portion and the lower opening portion and allows the flow of gas through the ventilation opening, and a second position that is above the first position and seals the upper opening portion and the lower opening portion to regulate the intrusion of water from the outside of the building into the building through the ventilation opening. The sealing unit has an upper sealing portion that can seal the upper opening portion from below, a lower sealing portion that can seal the lower opening portion from below, a connecting portion that connects the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion in the vertical direction, and a float that comes into contact with water when the water level outside the outer wall main body reaches a predetermined water level and receives buoyancy from the water that causes the sealing unit to move from the first position toward the second position as the water level outside rises.

[0009] According to this outer wall structure, in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, a ventilation path for under-floor ventilation of the building can be formed through the upper opening and the lower opening formed in the opening formation part and the ventilation port of the outer wall main body. On the other hand, when the water level outside the building rises due to a flood or the like, the float receives buoyancy from the water, so that the sealing unit is displaced from the first posture toward the second posture to seal the opening of the opening formation part, thereby suppressing water from entering the building. Therefore, it is possible to prevent under-floor flooding without requiring work by a person.

[0010] At this time, since the upper sealing part and the lower sealing part of the sealing unit can seal the upper opening and the lower opening respectively, the opening of the opening formation part can be sealed in two stages, and water intrusion can be stably suppressed. Further, in order to increase the area of the opening, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the opening formation part as compared with the case where one opening is expanded in the horizontal direction. In particular, since the buoyancy received by the float from the water acts upward regardless of the direction of the water flow around the float, the sealing unit can be surely displaced from the first posture toward the second posture, and the function of sealing the upper opening and the lower opening from below can be stably maintained.

[0011] In the above configuration, a first watertight material disposed so as to surround at least the upper opening and intervene between the upper opening and the upper sealing part in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position, and a second watertight material disposed so as to surround at least the lower opening and intervene between the lower opening and the lower sealing part in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position may be further provided, and the upper sealing part seals the upper opening by compressing and deforming the first watertight material at the second position of the sealing unit, and the lower sealing part seals the lower opening by compressing and deforming the second watertight material at the second position of the sealing unit.

[0012] According to this configuration, when the sealing unit is disposed at the second position, the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion can stably seal the upper opening and the lower opening by compressing and deforming the first waterproof material and the second waterproof material, respectively. Further, since the waterproof materials of the upper and lower two layers can be compressed, the area of the waterproof region for preventing water intrusion can be increased as compared with the case where one opening is closed by one sealing member.

[0013] In the above configuration, a magnetic force generating unit capable of generating a magnetic force for attracting the sealing unit to the second position with respect to the sealing unit that has risen from the first position to a predetermined height under the buoyancy may be further provided.

[0014] According to this configuration, when the sealing unit rises to a predetermined height as the water level rises, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generating unit can attract the sealing unit to the second position, so that the opening of the opening forming portion can be reliably sealed.

[0015] In the above configuration, the magnetic force generating unit may include a first magnet supported by the opening forming portion above the upper opening, and a second magnet supported by the upper sealing portion so as to face the first magnet in the vertical direction and enter the upper opening as the sealing unit is displaced from the first position to the second position.

[0016] According to this configuration, since the first magnet and the second magnet can be attracted to each other using the upper opening, it is possible to prevent the upper sealing portion from being obstructed by these magnets from sealing the upper opening.

[0017] In the above configuration, the float may be attached to the upper sealing portion. Further, the float may be attached to the connecting portion.

[0018] According to this configuration, since the float is attached to the upper sealing portion or the connecting portion, when the float receives buoyancy from the water as the water level rises, the lower sealing portion is already immersed in the water. Therefore, compared with the case where the float is attached to the lower sealing portion, the sealing unit can be displaced from the first position toward the second position by a relatively small buoyancy force.

[0019] In the above configuration, when a predetermined external force resistant to the buoyancy force is generated in the lower sealing portion in a state where the buoyancy force is generated in the float, a connection release portion capable of releasing the connection between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion by the connecting portion may be further provided.

[0020] According to this configuration, in the process where the buoyancy force acts on the float and the sealing unit rises, even if foreign matter interferes with the lower sealing portion in the water and the displacement of the sealing unit is inhibited, the connection release portion releases the connection between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion, so that the upper sealing portion can seal the upper opening while leaving the lower sealing portion.

[0021] In the above configuration, the lower sealing portion has a lower sealing base end portion rotatably supported around a first rotation center axis horizontal to the opening forming portion, and a lower sealing tip end portion disposed below the lower sealing base end portion in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position. The connecting portion has a connecting base end portion rotatably supported around a second rotation center axis parallel to the first rotation center axis on the lower sealing portion, and a connecting tip end portion disposed on the side opposite to the connecting base end portion and rotatably supported around a third rotation center axis parallel to the first rotation center axis on the upper sealing portion.

[0022] According to this configuration, when the float attached to the upper sealing portion receives buoyancy from the water, the connecting tip end portion and the connecting base end portion of the connecting portion rotate, and the connecting portion pulls up the lower sealing portion, so that the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion can be integrally lifted. Further, since the lower sealing tip end portion is disposed below the lower sealing base end portion in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, the entry paths of gas and water can be limited, and the intrusion of foreign matter into the opening forming portion can be suppressed.

[0023] In the above configuration, in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, the lower sealing base end portion may be rotatably supported by the opening forming portion outside the lower opening portion such that the lower sealing portion inclines downward from the outside of the building toward the inside of the building.

[0024] According to this configuration, in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, since the lower sealing portion inclines downward from the outside of the building toward the inside of the building, the entry paths of gas and water are limited to the inside of the building of the lower sealing portion, and the intrusion of foreign matters accompanying the rise of the water level can be further suppressed.

[0025] In the above configuration, in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, the distance in the horizontal direction between the lower sealing tip portion and the outer wall main body and the distance in the vertical direction between the upper opening portion and the lower opening portion may be set such that the distance in the horizontal direction between the lower sealing tip portion and the outer wall main body is smaller than the distance in the vertical direction between the lower sealing tip portion and the lower opening portion.

[0026] According to this configuration, when the water level outside the building rises due to a flood or the like, it is possible to prevent large foreign matters from intruding through the gap between the lower sealing tip portion and the outer wall main body, and during normal use, it is possible to promote the inflow of air current into the opening forming portion through the portion between the lower opening portion and the lower sealing portion.

[0027] In the above configuration, the upper sealing portion may include an opening sealing portion capable of sealing the upper opening portion from below in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position, and a ventilation opening portion disposed at a position different from the opening sealing portion and allowing gas to pass through in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position.

[0028] According to this configuration, since the upper sealing portion has the opening sealing portion and the ventilation opening, the flow of air through the upper sealing portion is allowed during normal times, and the opening sealing portion can surely seal the upper opening during a flood or the like.

[0029] Further, the drain of the present invention is a drain attached to an outer wall body having an outer wall and a foundation that supports the outer wall and having a ventilation opening that opens to the outside for underfloor ventilation of a building, and is an opening forming portion attached to the outer wall body so as to cover the ventilation opening from the outside. The opening forming portion is formed with an upper opening that opens along the vertical direction and communicates with the ventilation opening, and a lower opening that opens along the vertical direction below the upper opening and communicates with the upper opening and the outside of the building, respectively. A first position that opens the upper opening and the lower opening and allows the flow of gas through the ventilation opening, and a position above the first position that seals the upper opening and the lower opening and regulates the intrusion of water from the outside of the building into the building through the ventilation opening. A sealing unit supported by the opening forming portion so as to be displaceable up and down between a second position. The sealing unit includes an upper sealing portion capable of sealing the upper opening from below, a lower sealing portion capable of sealing the lower opening from below, a connecting portion connecting the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion in the vertical direction, and the outer wall when the water level outside the main body reaches a predetermined water level. A float that comes into contact with water and receives buoyancy from the water to move the sealing unit from the first position toward the second position as the water level outside rises.

Advantages of the Invention

[0030] As described above, according to the outer wall structure and the drain of the present invention, the intrusion of water into the building during a flood or the like can be effectively suppressed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0032] Hereinafter, the building 1 to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following embodiments are examples in which the present invention is embodied, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Further, in the present embodiment, a wooden building is used as the building 1, but the building to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the wooden building 1, and may be other buildings such as a reinforced concrete building or a lightweight steel frame building.

[0033] FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a building 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an enlarged outer wall structure of the building 1 in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 of the present embodiment has an outer wall structure 20 and a floor structure 10 provided inside the outer wall structure 20. In FIG. 1 and each subsequent figure, the front-back direction, left-right direction, and up-down direction are illustrated based on the perspective of an operator standing outside the building. The front direction corresponds to the inward direction (the direction toward the inside of the building 1), and the rear direction corresponds to the outward direction (the direction toward the outside of the building 1). Also, the left-right direction orthogonal to the paper surface is also referred to as the width direction. The same applies to each subsequent figure. Note that these directions are specified for explaining the building 1 of the present embodiment and do not limit the building and the outer wall structure of the building according to the present invention.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, the floor structure 10 has a floor 12, an inner wall 16 rising from the periphery of the floor 12, and a bundle (not shown) that supports the floor 12 on the ground.

[0035] A sub-floor space for ventilating under the floor 12 is formed under the floor 12. Air flows into this sub-floor space from outside the building, thereby ventilating under the floor 12.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall structure 20 includes an outer wall main body 24 in which a ventilation opening V opening to the outside is formed for under-floor ventilation, and a drain 30 attached to the outer wall main body 24.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall main body 24 has a foundation 22 rising from the ground, an outer wall 26 supported by the foundation 22, and a plurality of spacers 25 interposed between the outer wall 26 and the upper surface of the foundation 22 so that a space (ventilation opening V) is formed between the outer wall 26 and the foundation 22 and arranged along the width direction. The outer wall 26 has a mounting member 264 rising from the upper surface of the foundation 22 and supported by the foundation 22, and an outer wall panel 262 attached to the outer surface of the mounting member 264.

[0038] The attachment member 264 is a member for attaching the outer wall panel 262, and is supported on the upper surface of the foundation 22 via a plurality of spacers 25. As the attachment member 264, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a C-shaped steel formed in a frame shape is used. The outer wall panel 262 is attached to the attachment member 264 in a state where the attachment member 264 is covered from the outside and an in-wall ventilation passage A is formed between the attachment member 264 and the outer wall panel 262.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation opening V is formed between the lower end portion of the attachment member 264 and the upper surface of the foundation 22 in order to ventilate the underfloor space by communicating the underfloor space with the outside of the building 1. A plurality of ventilation openings V are provided along the width direction, and these plurality of ventilation openings V are respectively formed between adjacent spacers 25, 25 between the lower end portion of the attachment member 264 and the upper surface of the foundation 22.

[0040] The drain 30 prevents rainwater from entering the foundation 22. The drain 30 includes an opening forming portion 30H attached to the outer wall main body 24 so as to cover the ventilation opening V from the outside and having an opening communicating with the ventilation opening V, and a sealing unit 31 capable of sealing the opening of the opening forming portion 30H.

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of ventilation openings V are provided along the width direction, and corresponding to these plurality of ventilation openings V, an opening forming portion 30H and a sealing unit 31 are respectively provided.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 2, the opening forming portion 30H is a member for forming an opening communicating with the ventilation opening V, and is provided for each of the plurality of ventilation openings V. The opening forming portion 30H covers each ventilation opening V from the outside, and the opening of the opening forming portion 30H communicates with the ventilation opening V (in this embodiment, also communicates with the in-wall ventilation passage A via a communication passage not shown in the figure), and is attached to the outer wall main body 24.

[0043] As shown in Fig. 1, the lower end of the opening forming portion 30H is located below the upper end of the foundation 22 in a side view. A sealing material 300 (Fig. 2) is provided between the inner surface of the lower end of the opening forming portion 30H and the outer surface of the upper end of the foundation 22, and the sealing material 300 restricts the passage of water through the gap between the opening forming portion 30H and the foundation 22.

[0044] Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the opening forming portion 30H enables ventilation between the outside of the outer wall main body 24 and the ventilation port V. The opening forming portion 30H has a box-shaped configuration that extends long along the left-right direction perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2. The upper surface portion of the opening forming portion 30H is inclined downward toward the outside of the building in order to guide rainwater downward. The opening forming portion 30H is supported by a mounting member 264 (Fig. 1) via a support portion 264H. The opening forming portion 30H is fixed to the support portion 264H by bolts B. An air flow inlet portion 30J that functions as an inlet of the air flow is formed at the lower end of the opening forming portion 30H, and an air flow outlet portion 30K that functions as an outlet of the air flow is formed on the inner surface of the upper end of the opening forming portion 30H. The opening forming portion 30H is composed of a metal or resin material.

[0045] Further, the opening forming portion 30H has three partition portions: an upper partition 301, a middle partition 302, and a lower partition 303. These partitions extend horizontally. As a result, three spaces, an upper space 30H1, a middle space 30H2, and a lower space 30H3, are formed inside the opening forming portion 30H. The aforementioned air flow outlet portion 30K is opened on the inner side surface of the upper space 30H1.

[0046] An upper opening portion 301K is formed at the central portion in the front-rear direction of the upper partition 301. The upper opening portion 301K opens along the vertical direction in the upper partition 301 and communicates with the ventilation port V via the aforementioned air flow outlet portion 30K. In the mounted state of the opening forming portion 30H, the upper opening portion 301K is formed above the ventilation port V (Fig. 1).

[0047] The middle partition 302 is disposed below the upper partition 301 so as to slightly project inward from the inner wall portions before and after the opening formation portion 30H. In other words, a central opening 302K is opened in a wide range leaving the front and rear end portions of the opening formation portion 30H by the middle partition 302. In FIG. 2, the upper sealing portion 32 of the sealing unit 31 described later is disposed so as to cover the central opening 302K from above.

[0048] Further, the opening formation portion 30H further includes an upper watertight material 301S (first watertight material). The upper watertight material 301S is above the middle partition 302 and is fixed to the lower surface portion of the upper partition 301. The upper watertight material 301S is an elastic member disposed so as to cover the upper partition 301 from below, and is, for example, a sponge material. The upper watertight material 301S is disposed so as to surround the four sides of the upper opening 301K and to be interposed between the upper opening 301K and the upper sealing portion 32 in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the second position in FIG. 3. Note that the upper watertight material 301S may be disposed so as to cover the upper opening 301K from below.

[0049] The lower partition 303 corresponds to the bottom of the opening formation portion 30H. A lower opening 303K is opened in the outer portion of the lower partition 303, and a connecting portion insertion portion 303J is opened inside the lower opening 303K. The lower opening 303K is opened along the vertical direction below the upper opening 301K and the central opening 302K. The connecting portion 34 of the sealing unit 31 described later is inserted into the connecting portion insertion portion 303J.

[0050] Furthermore, an extension part 304 is arranged at the lower end of the outer wall part of the opening formation part 30H. The extension part 304 extends so as to protrude downward from the lower partition 303. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end of the extension part 304 is located outside the foundation 22 and below the upper end of the foundation 22. Therefore, it is possible to suppress rainwater from entering the foundation 22 side from the outside. Further, the opening formation part 30H has a mesh member 305 arranged so as to block the above-mentioned air flow outflow part 30K. A plurality of meshes (openings) are formed in the mesh member 305. In the present embodiment, the mesh member 305 is composed of a stainless steel mesh.

[0051] Inside such an opening formation part 30H, a sealing unit 31 is arranged. The sealing unit 31 is supported by the opening formation part 30H so as to be vertically displaceable between a first position that allows the flow of gas through the upper opening part 301K and the lower opening part 303K and through the ventilation port V, and a second position that is above the first position and seals (blocks) the upper opening part 301K and the lower opening part 303K and restricts the intrusion of water from the outside of the building to the inside of the building through the ventilation port V. Note that the position of the sealing unit 31 shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the above-mentioned first position. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a state where the sealing unit 31 has moved upward in the outer wall structure 20 (FIG. 2) according to the present embodiment. The position of the sealing unit 31 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the above-mentioned second position.

[0052] The sealing unit 31 has an upper sealing part 32, a lower sealing part 33, and a connecting part 34. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the upper sealing part 32 of the sealing unit 31 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a state where air flow passes through each opening of the sealing unit 31 according to the present embodiment.

[0053] The upper sealing portion 32 can seal the upper opening 301K from below as the sealing unit 31 moves. As shown in FIG. 2, in the state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the upper sealing portion 32 is supported by the partition 302 of the opening forming portion 30H. The upper sealing portion 32 includes an upper plate 321, a float support portion 322, a float 323, an engaging portion 324, a lower magnet 325, a shaft support portion 326, and a pair of protruding portions 32S.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 4, the upper plate 321 is a plate material having a rectangular shape in plan view. The float support portion 322 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper plate 321 (the back surface of the upper plate 321 in FIG. 4), and is configured by a pair of front and rear plate-like portions protruding from the upper plate 321. The upper plate 321 and the float support portion 322 have an integral structure and are formed of, for example, a resin member.

[0055] The float 323 is fixed inside the float support portion 322, that is, between the pair of plate-like portions described above. In the present embodiment, the float 323 is made of styrofoam. The float 323 comes into contact with water when the water level outside the outer wall main body 24 reaches a predetermined water level, and receives buoyancy from the water so that the sealing unit 31 moves from the first position toward the second position as the water level outside rises.

[0056] The engaging portion 324 is disposed on the inner plate-like portion of the pair of plate-like portions of the float support portion 322, and has a U-shaped (U-shaped) shape that opens upward. A hook F (see FIG. 6) described later can be engaged with the engaging portion 324. The lower magnet 325 is a magnet fixed to the central portion in the front-rear direction on the upper surface portion of the upper plate 321. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of lower magnets 325 are fixed to the upper plate 321 at intervals along the left-right direction.

[0057] The shaft support portion 326 is a bearing portion disposed below the engagement portion 324. In the present embodiment, the shaft support portion 326 is configured by molding the tip of the float support portion 322 made of a resin member downward into a C shape. The shaft support portion 326 rotatably supports the connection tip portion 342 of the connection portion 34 described later.

[0058] The pair of protruding portions 32S (opening sealing portions) are formed of ribs protruding from the upper plate 321 on both front and rear sides of the lower magnet 325. The protruding portion 32S has a function of pressing (crushing) the upper waterproof material 301S (FIG. 2) when the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the second position. As a result, the pair of protruding portions 32S are capable of sealing the upper opening portion from below when the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the second position. Note that both end portions in the width direction of the pair of protruding portions 32S are connected to each other along the front-rear direction, forming a rectangular shape surrounding the upper opening portion 301K.

[0059] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a plurality of upper plate openings 321K (ventilation openings) are opened on both front and rear sides of the pair of protruding portions 32S in the upper plate 321. Each upper plate opening 321K allows the airflow to pass through when the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position in FIG. 2.

[0060] The lower sealing portion 33 can seal the lower opening portion 303K from below as the sealing unit 31 moves. The lower sealing portion 33 includes a lower plate 331, a rotating shaft portion 332 (lower sealing base end portion), a gripping portion 333, a tip portion 334 (lower sealing tip portion), and a shaft support portion 333S.

[0061] The lower plate 331 is made of a plate material that extends long in the left-right direction, similar to the upper plate 321. The rotating shaft portion 332 corresponds to the base end portion of the lower plate 331 and is rotatably supported about a horizontal rotation center axis (first rotation center axis) by a shaft support portion 30P disposed immediately below the lower partition 303 in the opening forming portion 30H.

[0062] The gripping portion 333 is a protruding portion projecting from the lower surface of the lower plate 331 and can be gripped by an operator through the space below the extending portion 304. The tip portion 334 is the tip portion of the lower plate 331 on the side opposite to the rotation shaft portion 332. As shown in FIG. 2, when the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the tip portion 334 is disposed below the rotation shaft portion 332. In other words, in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the rotation shaft portion 332 is rotatably supported by the opening forming portion 30H outside the lower opening 303K (FIG. 2) so that the lower sealing portion 33 inclines downward from the outside of the building toward the inside of the building. In addition, at the first position, by positioning the tip portion 334 substantially at the same position as the extending portion 304 or above this position in the vertical direction, the design property of the appearance of the building can be improved.

[0063] The shaft support portion 333S is formed at the base end portion of the gripping portion 333. The shaft support portion 333S rotatably supports the connection base end portion 341 of the connection portion 34.

[0064] The sealing unit 31 further includes a lower watertight material 331S (second watertight material). The lower watertight material 331S is fixed to the upper surface portion of the lower plate 331. The lower watertight material 331S is an elastic member disposed so as to cover the lower opening 303K and the connection portion insertion portion 303J from below, and is, for example, a sponge material. The lower watertight material 331S surrounds the lower opening 303K and the connection portion insertion portion 303J and is disposed so as to be interposed between the lower opening 303K and the connection portion insertion portion 303J and the lower plate 331 of the lower sealing portion 33 in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the second position in FIG. 3. In other words, the lower watertight material 331S is disposed so as to cover the lower opening 303K and the connection portion insertion portion 303J from below.

[0065] The connecting part 34 connects the upper sealing part 32 and the lower sealing part 33 in the vertical direction. The connecting part 34 is arranged to extend in the vertical direction and has a connecting base end part 341 and a connecting tip end part 342. The connecting base end part 341 is supported by the shaft support part 333S so as to be rotatable around a horizontal rotation center axis (second rotation center axis). On the other hand, the connecting tip end part 342 is supported by the shaft support part 326 of the upper sealing part 32 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal rotation center axis (third rotation center axis). Note that the first, second, and third rotation center axes are set parallel to each other.

[0066] Furthermore, the opening forming part 30H includes a magnet support part 35. The magnet support part 35 is a support member fixed to the back surface of the upper surface part of the opening forming part 30H. As shown in FIG. 2, the magnet support part 35 has a U shape in side view. Also, the opening forming part 30H has an upper magnet 351 (first magnet). The upper magnet 351 is supported by the magnet support part 35 above the upper opening 301K. On the other hand, the aforementioned lower magnet 325 faces the upper magnet 351 in the vertical direction and is supported by the upper sealing part 32 so that the sealing unit 31 enters the upper opening 301K when the sealing unit 31 is arranged at the second position.

[0067] The upper magnet 351 and the lower magnet 325 described above constitute the magnetic force generating part of the present invention. The magnetic force generating part can generate a magnetic force that attracts the sealing unit 31 to the second position with respect to the sealing unit 31 in which the float 323 receives its own buoyancy and rises from the first position to a predetermined height.

[0068] Hereinafter, the operation of the sealing unit 31 will be described. In a state where the sealing unit 31 is arranged at the first position, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper sealing part 32 is supported by the middle partition 302, and the connecting part 34 supported rotatably by the shaft support part 326 takes a posture of hanging downward from the upper sealing part 32. Also, the lower sealing part 33 connected to the connecting part 34 via the connecting base end part 341 opens the lower opening 303K and is inclined downward from the shaft support part 30P.

[0069] As a result, inside the opening forming portion 30H, in order from the bottom, an air flow inlet portion 30J, a lower opening portion 303K, an upper plate opening portion 321K, an upper opening portion 301K, and an air flow outlet portion 30K (mesh member 305) are opened, and an air flow can be formed as shown by the arrow in Fig. 2 and the arrow DR in Fig. 5. As a result, ventilation of the building through the ventilation port V becomes possible, and the function of the drain 30 prevents rainwater from entering the foundation 22.

[0070] On the other hand, when the water level outside the outer wall main body 24 rises due to a flood or the like, water enters the lower space 30H3 through the air flow inlet portion 30J and the lower opening portion 303K in Fig. 2. Eventually, when the water level exceeds the middle partition 302, the float 323 receives buoyancy from the water, causing the sealing unit 31 to rise. At this time, since the lower sealing portion 33 is connected to the upper sealing portion 32 via the connecting portion 34, it begins to rotate upward about the shaft support portion 30P. Further, the upper plate 321 of the upper sealing portion 32 moves upward while being guided along the inner wall of the opening forming portion 30H. As a result, the upper plate 321 can rise while maintaining a posture along the horizontal direction.

[0071] As the sealing unit 31 rises, when the lower magnet 325 floats to a predetermined height within the hollow space 30H2, the sealing unit 31 is further pulled upward by the magnetic force (attractive force) acting between the upper magnet 351 and the lower magnet 325. As a result, as shown in Fig. 3, the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the second position, and the upper opening portion 301K and the lower opening portion 303K are sealed by the upper sealing portion 32 and the lower sealing portion 33, respectively. Also at this time, since the upper plate 321 of the upper sealing portion 32 moves upward while being guided along the inner wall of the opening forming portion 30H, the posture of the upper plate 321 is maintained, and the upper sealing portion 32 can stably seal the upper opening portion 301K.

[0072] Thus, according to the outer wall structure 20 according to this embodiment, in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, an air ventilation path for under-floor ventilation of the building can be formed through the upper opening 301K and the lower opening 303K formed in the opening formation portion 30H and the ventilation port V of the outer wall main body 24. During the regular inspection of the outer wall structure 20, an operator can check that the lower sealing portion 33 is disposed in an inclined manner, that is, the sealing unit 31 is normally disposed at the first position and the under-floor ventilation function is maintained, by checking the tip portion 334 of the lower sealing portion 33 through the space below the extending portion 304.

[0073] On the other hand, when the water level outside the building rises due to a flood or the like, the float 323 receives buoyancy from the water, so that the sealing unit 31 is displaced from the first posture to the second posture to seal each opening of the opening formation portion 30H, thereby preventing water from entering the interior of the building. At this time, when the float 323 attached to the upper sealing portion 32 receives buoyancy from the water, the connecting portion 34 can pull up the lower sealing portion 33 while the connecting tip end portion 342 and the connecting base end portion 341 of the connecting portion 34 rotate.

[0074] As a result, since the upper sealing portion 32 and the lower sealing portion 33 of the sealing unit 31 can seal the upper opening 301K and the lower opening 303K, respectively, the openings of the opening formation portion 30H can be sealed in two stages, and water intrusion can be stably suppressed. In addition, in order to increase the area of the opening, it is possible to prevent the size of the opening formation portion 30H from increasing as compared with the case where one opening is expanded in the horizontal direction. In particular, since the buoyancy received by the float 323 from the water acts upward regardless of the direction of the water flow around the float 323, the sealing unit 31 can be surely displaced from the first posture to the second posture, and the function of sealing the upper opening 301K and the lower opening 303K from below can be stably maintained.

[0075] At this time, the upper sealing portion 32 compresses and deforms the upper waterproof material 301S to seal the upper opening 301K, and the lower sealing portion 33 compresses and deforms the lower waterproof material 331S to seal the lower opening 303K and the connecting portion insertion portion 303J. Therefore, the upper opening 301K and the lower opening 303K can be stably sealed respectively. Also, in this embodiment, since the waterproof materials of the upper and lower two layers can be compressed, the area of the waterproof region for preventing water intrusion can be increased compared with the case of closing one opening with one sealing member.

[0076] Also, in this embodiment, since the upper sealing portion 32 has a pair of protruding portions 32S (opening sealing portions) and an upper plate opening 321K (ventilation opening), the flow of air current through the upper sealing portion 32 is allowed during normal times, and the upper sealing portion 32 can surely seal the upper opening 301K during floods or the like.

[0077] Also, in this embodiment, when the sealing unit 31 rises to a predetermined height as the water level rises, the sealing unit 31 can be attracted to the second position by the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generating portions (upper magnet 351, lower magnet 325), so that the opening of the opening forming portion 30H can be surely sealed.

[0078] In particular, in this embodiment, the upper magnet 351 is disposed above the upper opening 301K, and the lower magnet 325 is supported by the upper sealing portion 32 so as to enter the upper opening 301K as the sealing unit 31 is displaced from the first position to the second position. Therefore, since the upper magnet 351 and the lower magnet 325 can be attracted to each other using the space including the upper opening 301K, it is possible to prevent the upper sealing portion 32 from being hindered by these magnets from sealing the upper opening 301K.

[0079] In addition, in the present embodiment, since the float 323 is attached to the upper sealing portion 32, when the float 323 receives buoyancy from water as the water level rises, the lower sealing portion 33 is already immersed in the water. Therefore, compared with the case where the float 323 is attached to the lower sealing portion 33, the sealing unit 31 can be displaced from the first position toward the second position by a relatively small buoyancy. In other embodiments, a float replacing the float 323 may be attached to the connecting portion 34. Also, as in the modified embodiment described later, the float 323 may be attached to the lower sealing portion 33.

[0080] In addition, in the present embodiment, each opening for underfloor ventilation and the sealing unit 31 for sealing the same are arranged inside the drain 30. Therefore, deterioration of these structures due to sunlight, rain, and wind is less, and even when flooding occurs repeatedly, the underfloor ventilation function and the function of preventing water intrusion can be maintained.

[0081] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the float 323 is attached to the upper sealing portion 32, when buoyancy is generated in the float 323, the lower sealing portion 33 is already immersed in the water. Therefore, if a foreign object is caught between the lower sealing portion 33 and the lower opening 303K while the sealing unit 31 is being displaced from the first position (FIG. 2) to the second position (FIG. 3), the rotation of the lower sealing portion 33 may be hindered. In this case, there is a concern that the rise of the upper sealing portion 32 connected to the lower sealing portion 33 via the connecting portion 34 will also be hindered, and not only the lower opening 303K but also the upper opening 301K cannot be sealed.

[0082] However, in the present embodiment, the lower sealing portion 33 is supported by the opening forming portion 30H so as to be rotatable about the rotation shaft portion 332 as a fulcrum. Therefore, since the tip portion 334 is disposed below the rotation shaft portion 332 in the state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the entry paths of gas and water can be limited as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2, and the intrusion of foreign objects into the opening forming portion 30H can be suppressed.

[0083] In particular, in the present embodiment, in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the lower sealing portion 33 is inclined downward from the outside of the building toward the inside of the building. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the inflow path of gas and water is formed to go around the inside of the lower sealing portion 33. As a result, it is possible to further suppress the intrusion of foreign matter due to the rise in the water level during a flood or the like.

[0084] Also, referring to FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, in a state where the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the horizontal distance L1 between the tip portion 334 of the lower sealing portion 33 and the outer wall main body 24 (foundation 22) is smaller than the vertical distance L2 between the tip portion 334 and the lower opening 303K. The vertical distance between the upper opening 301K and the lower opening 303K and the horizontal distance between the tip portion 334 and the outer wall main body 24 (foundation 22) are set respectively. For this reason, the inflow of foreign matter having a dimension larger than the distance L2 into the periphery of the lower opening 303K is suppressed. As a result, even when foreign matter has entered through the gap between the tip portion 334 and the foundation 22, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter from blocking the gap between the lower opening 303K and the lower sealing portion 33. Further, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of large foreign matter through the gap between the tip portion 334 of the lower sealing portion 33 and the outer wall main body 24, and to promote the inflow of the air flow into the opening formation portion 30H through the portion between the lower opening 303K and the lower sealing portion 33.

[0085] FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a state in which only the upper sealing portion 32 of the sealing unit 31 has moved upward in the outer wall structure 20 of FIG. 2. In the present embodiment, when buoyancy is generated in the float 323 and a foreign object is temporarily caught between the lower opening 303K and the lower sealing portion 33, and a predetermined external force against the buoyancy is generated in the lower sealing portion 33, the connecting tip portion 342 is disengaged from the shaft support portion 326, so that the connection between the upper sealing portion 32 and the lower sealing portion 33 by the connecting portion 34 can be released. As a result, even when a foreign object is caught as described above, as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to seal the upper opening 301K by raising the upper sealing portion 32 while leaving the lower sealing portion 33. Therefore, even in such a case, it is possible to surely prevent water from entering the inside of the building. In order to enable the detachment of the connecting tip portion 342 as described above, the shaft support portion 326 has a C shape and is elastically deformable.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 6, when the surrounding water level drops with only the upper sealing portion 32 of the sealing unit 31 arranged at the second position, the operator can engage the hook F with the engaging portion 324 through the lower opening 303K or the connecting portion insertion portion 303J, and pull down the upper sealing portion 32 to return the upper sealing portion 32 to the first position. Then, by attaching the connecting tip portion 342 of the connecting portion 34 to the shaft support portion 326 of the upper sealing portion 32 again, the sealing unit 31 can be used again.

[0087] Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the entire sealing unit 31 is arranged at the second position, the operator can hold the holding portion 333 of the lower sealing portion 33 and rotate the lower sealing portion 33 downward to move the sealing unit 31 from the second position to the first position. At this time, if the connecting tip portion 342 is disengaged from the shaft support portion 326 due to the magnetic force between the upper magnet 351 and the lower magnet 325, the upper sealing portion 32 may be pulled down to the first position using the hook F as described above.

[0088] Note that the above embodiments are merely preferred specific examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. As an example, the present invention can adopt the following modified embodiments.

[0089] (1) In the above embodiment, the vent V was formed between the outer wall 26 and the foundation 22, but the position where the vent V is formed is not limited to between the outer wall 26 and the foundation 22. For example, the vent V may be formed in the foundation 22 so as to communicate the inside and outside of the building through the foundation 22.

[0090] (2) FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing the outer wall structure of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing a state where the sealing unit 31 has moved upward in the outer wall structure of FIG. 7. In the previous embodiment, the lower sealing portion 33 was described as being supported by the opening forming portion 30H so as to be rotatable around the rotation shaft portion 332. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the lower sealing portion 33 may be connected to the upper sealing portion 32 via the connecting portion 34 in a horizontal posture. In this case, when the sealing unit 31 is disposed at the first position, the lower sealing portion 33 is supported by the support protrusions 306 before and after the opening forming portion 30H. The opening forming portion 30H has an inner extending portion 30HJ disposed at an interval inside the extending portion 304, and an inner opening 30HK is opened in the inner extending portion 30HJ. Therefore, in this modified embodiment, a ventilation path is formed inside the opening forming portion 30H through the inner opening 30HK.

[0091] On the other hand, when the water level around the outer wall structure 20 rises and water enters the opening forming portion 30H through the inner opening 30HK, the sealing unit 31 is displaced to the second position as shown in FIG. 8 by the buoyancy received by the float 323, similar to the previous embodiment. As a result, the lower sealing portion 33 can seal the lower opening 303K from below. Note that a member similar to the mesh member 305 may be attached to the inner opening 30HK to prevent the intrusion of foreign matter.

[0092] (3) Figure 9 is a side sectional view showing the outer wall structure of a building according to the second modified embodiment of the present invention. In the above-described first modified embodiment, as in the previous embodiment, the mode in which the float 323 is attached to the upper sealing portion 32 has been described. However, a lower float 335 similar to the float 323 may be attached to the lower sealing portion 33. Also in this case, the buoyancy received by the lower float 335 from water can displace the sealing unit 31 from the first position to the second position. Further, the movement of the sealing unit 31 to the second position can be assisted by the actions of the upper magnet 351 and the lower magnet 325.

Explanation of Signs

[0093] 1 Building 20 Outer wall structure 22 Foundation 24 Outer wall body 26 Outer wall 30 Drainage 301 Upper partition 301K Upper opening 301S Upper waterproof material (first waterproof material) 302 Middle partition 303 Lower partition 303K Lower opening 30H Opening formation part 30H1 Upper space 30H2 Middle space 30H3 Lower space 30HK Inner opening 30J Airflow inflow part 30K Airflow outflow part 31 Sealing unit 32 Upper sealing portion 321 Upper plate 321K Upper plate opening 322 Float support part 323 Float 324 Engagement part 325 Lower magnet (magnetic force generation part, second magnet) 326 Shaft support part (connection release part) 32S Protrusion part (opening sealing part) 33 Lower sealing portion 331 Lower plate 331S Lower watertight material (second watertight material) 332 Rotating shaft part (lower sealing base end part) 333 Gripping part 334 Tip part (lower sealing tip part) 335 Lower float 34 Connecting part 341 Connecting base end part 342 Connecting tip part 35 Magnet support part 351 Upper magnet (magnetic force generating part, first magnet) B Bolt F Hook V Vent

Claims

1. An outer wall structure comprising: an outer wall main body having an outer wall and a foundation for supporting the outer wall, and having a ventilation opening formed on the outside for under-floor ventilation of a building; an opening forming part attached to the outer wall main body so as to cover the ventilation opening from the outside, the opening forming part having an upper opening that opens along the vertical direction and communicates with the ventilation opening, and a lower opening that opens along the vertical direction below the upper opening and communicates with the upper opening and the outside of the building respectively; a sealing unit supported by the opening forming part so as to be displaceable vertically between a first position that opens the upper opening and the lower opening and allows the flow of gas through the ventilation opening, and a second position that is above the first position and seals the upper opening and the lower opening to regulate the ingress of water from the outside of the building into the building through the ventilation opening; comprising: the sealing unit includes: an upper sealing part capable of sealing the upper opening from below; a lower sealing part capable of sealing the lower opening from below; a connecting part connecting the upper sealing part and the lower sealing part in the vertical direction; a float that comes into contact with water when the water level outside the outer wall main body reaches a predetermined water level, and receives buoyancy from the water that causes the sealing unit to move from the first position towards the second position as the water level outside rises; An outer wall structure.

2. A first watertight material that surrounds at least the upper opening and is disposed so as to be interposed between the upper opening and the upper sealing part in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position; A second watertight material that surrounds at least the lower opening and is disposed so as to be interposed between the lower opening and the lower sealing part in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position; further comprising: The upper sealing part compresses and deforms the first watertight material at the second position of the sealing unit to seal the upper opening, and the lower sealing part compresses and deforms the second watertight material at the second position of the sealing unit to seal the lower opening. The outer wall structure according to Claim 1.

3. The outer wall structure according to Claim 1 or 2, further comprising a magnetic force generating part capable of generating a magnetic force that attracts the sealing unit to the second position with respect to the sealing unit that has risen from the first position to a predetermined height under the action of the buoyancy.

4. The magnetic force generating part is: a first magnet supported by the opening forming portion above the upper opening; a second magnet supported by the upper sealing portion so as to face the first magnet in the vertical direction and enter the upper opening as the sealing unit is displaced from the first position to the second position; The outer wall structure according to claim 3, comprising:

5. The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the float is attached to the upper sealing portion.

6. The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the float is attached to the connecting portion.

7. The outer wall structure according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a connection release portion capable of releasing the connection between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion by the connecting portion when a predetermined external force resisting the buoyancy is generated in the lower sealing portion in a state where the buoyancy is generated in the float.

8. The lower sealing portion has a lower sealing base end portion rotatably supported about a first rotation center axis horizontal to the opening forming portion, and a lower sealing tip end portion disposed below the lower sealing base end portion in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position. The connecting portion has a connecting base end portion rotatably supported about a second rotation center axis parallel to the first rotation center axis on the lower sealing portion, and a connecting tip end portion disposed on the opposite side of the connecting base end portion and rotatably supported about a third rotation center axis parallel to the first rotation center axis on the upper sealing portion. The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. In a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, the lower sealing base end portion is rotatably supported by the opening forming portion outside the lower opening so that the lower sealing portion inclines downward from the outside of the building toward the inside of the building. The outer wall structure according to claim 8.

10. In a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position, the vertical distance between the upper opening and the lower opening and the horizontal distance between the lower sealing tip end portion and the outer wall body are set such that the horizontal distance between the lower sealing tip end portion and the outer wall body is smaller than the vertical distance between the lower sealing tip end portion and the lower opening. The outer wall structure according to claim 9.

11. The upper sealing portion is an opening sealing portion capable of sealing the upper opening from below in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the second position; A ventilation opening that is disposed at a position different from the opening sealing portion and allows gas to pass through in a state where the sealing unit is disposed at the first position. The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, having the same.

12. A drain that has an outer wall and a foundation that supports the outer wall, and is attached to an outer wall body in which a ventilation opening that opens to the outside for underfloor ventilation of a building is formed. An opening forming portion attached to the outer wall body so as to cover the ventilation opening from the outside, the opening forming portion having an upper opening that opens along the vertical direction and communicates with the ventilation opening, and a lower opening that opens along the vertical direction below the upper opening and communicates with the upper opening and the outside of the building, respectively. A first position that opens the upper opening and the lower opening and allows the flow of gas through the ventilation opening, and a second position that is above the first position and seals the upper opening and the lower opening to regulate the intrusion of water from the outside of the building into the building through the ventilation opening. A sealing unit supported by the opening forming portion so as to be vertically displaceable between the two positions. Comprising: The sealing unit is: An upper sealing portion capable of sealing the upper opening from below. A lower sealing portion capable of sealing the lower opening from below. A connecting portion that connects the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion in the vertical direction. A float that comes into contact with water when the water level outside the outer wall body reaches a predetermined water level, and receives buoyancy from the water that causes the sealing unit to move from the first position toward the second position as the water level rises on the outside. A drain having the same.

Images