Charged device and charging method

Abstract

To provide an electrified device using soil, the electrified device includes a separator provided between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a conductive part in which an electroconductive substance is mixed into soil containing ions. The electroconductive substance is connected to the positive electrode, and the electroconductive substance is connected to the negative electrode. When a voltage is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, anions are guided to the positive electrode and cations are guided to the negative electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a charged device capable of storing electricity and a charging method.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, there has been a proposal to mix nanoscale porous carbon having electrical conductivity into cement, form a network of nanoscale porous carbon using the fluidity of water, and use the concrete as a capacitor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in Patent Document 1, the proposal remains at using concrete to store electricity and serve as a capacitor, and no other applications or safety measures for actual use have been proposed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a charged device using soil.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The charged device according to claim 1 includes A charged device provided at the foundation of a building, a separator provided between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a conductive part in which an electrically conductive substance and an electrolyte substance are mixed into soil containing ions, wherein the foundation includes a slab provided on the ground and strip footings provided on both side surfaces of the slab, and the conductive part is provided in a space formed by the slab and the strip footings, wherein the electrically conductive substance is connected to the positive electrode, the electrically conductive substance is connected to the negative electrode, and when a voltage is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, anions are guided to the positive electrode and cations are guided to the negative electrode. Claim 16The described charging method is as follows: A charging method using the foundation of a building, A conductive part is provided in the soil containing ions by mixing an electrically conductive substance and an electrolyte substance, and a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are provided in the conductive part. wherein the foundation includes a slab provided on the ground and strip footings provided on both side surfaces of the slab, and the conductive part is provided in a space formed by the slab and the strip footings, When the electrically conductive substance is connected to the positive electrode, the electrically conductive substance is connected to the negative electrode, and a voltage is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, anions are guided to the positive electrode and cations are guided to the negative electrode.

Advantages of the Invention

[0007] According to the charging device described in claim 1, electricity can be stored using soil mixed with an electrically conductive substance. The charging method described in claim 16 can store electricity using soil mixed with an electrically conductive substance.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] (First Embodiment) Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. In the first embodiment, an electrically conductive soil is formed by mixing an electrically conductive substance into the soil, and a capacitor 11 described later is provided using this conductive soil. In the first embodiment, the electrically conductive substance is a substance having both electronic conductivity for moving electrons and ionic conductivity for moving ions. In the first embodiment, a combination of carbon black and binchotan is adopted as the electron-conductive substance, and soil 2 containing moisture is adopted as the ion-conductive substance, but it is not limited thereto.

[0010] (Preliminary Experiment for Confirming Insulation of Soil) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which soil 2 is placed in a glass container 1 and two copper plates 3 are inserted into this soil 2. The soil 2 was collected in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, and was put into the glass container 1 after being sieved through a sieve with an opening of 4.75 mm.

[0011] When a soil test of this soil 2 was conducted, the density of soil particles was 2.660 g / cm 3 and the natural water content ratio was 35.7%. Also, the particle size of the soil 2 was 4.5% gravel, 39.5% sand, 42.0% silt, and 14.0% clay. As a result, this soil 2 was classified as sandy silt.

[0012] Sandy silt contains calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), which are electrolyte substances, and magnesium ions (Mg 2+) is included, so soil 2 can be used as an electrolyte. If the electrolyte substance in soil 2 is insufficient, cations with a high ionization tendency such as calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), potassium ions (K + ), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), and sodium ions (Na + ) can be added to soil 2 as electrolyte substances.

[0013] For example, since cement contains calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), it may be mixed with soil 2 as soil cement.

[0014] When the test leads of the tester were brought into contact with each of the two copper plates 3, no conduction was confirmed and it was in a non-conductive state. As a result, conductivity was not confirmed in soil 2.

[0015] (Mixing of soil and electrically conductive substance) The aforementioned soil 2 and an electrically conductive substance were mixed. As the electrically conductive substance, a combination of carbon black and Binchotan charcoal is adopted, but it is not limited thereto. For example, as the electrically conductive substance, one type of carbon-derived material (e.g., Binchotan charcoal or activated carbon) may be adopted. Carbon black is a suitable member for forming a carbon network and reducing the internal resistance of soil 2 and increasing the capacitance of soil 2 by mixing with soil 2. Binchotan charcoal is a suitable material for occluding and releasing ions. In this first embodiment, acetylene black produced by thermal decomposition of acetylene was used as the carbon black. However, registered trademark Ketjen black having a hollow shell structure of primary particles may be used, or inexpensive activated carbon may be used. In this case, it is preferable to use activated carbon mainly having micropores or mesopores.

[0016] For Binchotan charcoal derived from carbon, crushed Binchotan charcoal may be used, or commercially available powdered Binchotan charcoal may be used. Instead of Binchotan charcoal, activated carbon having macropores may be used.

[0017] Although acetylene black and Binchotan charcoal are hydrophobic substances, they will become slightly more hydrophilic when immersed in water for about one day. In this case, it is preferable to stir for about 10 to 30 minutes immediately after immersion in water. In the first embodiment, each of acetylene black and Binchotan charcoal was immersed in water and then mixed with Soil 2. This improves the affinity between Soil 2, acetylene black, and Binchotan charcoal.

[0018] The addition amount of acetylene black is less than 20% and more than 5% based on the weight ratio of Soil 2. If the addition amount of acetylene black is 5% or more based on the weight ratio of Soil 2, a carbon network can be formed in Soil 2. If the addition amount of acetylene black is 20% or more based on the weight ratio of Soil 2, the resistance value of the mixture 4 described later will be further reduced. However, considering the price of acetylene black and the cost-effectiveness, it is set to less than 20% in this first embodiment.

[0019] The addition amount of Binchotan charcoal is less than 25% and 8% or more based on the weight ratio of Soil 2. If the addition amount of Binchotan charcoal is 8% or more based on the weight ratio of Soil 2, it becomes possible to charge using the ions of Soil 2 by the capacitor 11 described later. The addition amount of Binchotan charcoal may be 25% or more based on the weight ratio of Soil 2. However, considering the price of Binchotan charcoal and the cost-effectiveness, it is set to less than 25% in this first embodiment.

[0020] Note that the addition amount of Binchotan charcoal will vary depending on the properties of Soil 2, the amount of electrolyte substance contained in Soil 2, and whether an electrolyte substance is added or not. Therefore, the above addition amount may be used as a rough guide. Also, considering the performance (charge amount, charging time, etc.) of the capacitor 11 described later, it is preferable that the addition amount of Binchotan charcoal is larger than the addition amount of acetylene black. Also, the addition amount of acetylene black may be determined in consideration of the internal resistance (several Ω to about 10 Ω) when mixed with Soil 2.

[0021] In the first embodiment, Soil 2, acetylene black, and crushed Binchotan charcoal were mixed by a mixer, which is a mixing machine, for about several minutes (1 to 2 minutes) to create a mixture 4.

[0022] (Experiment to confirm the conductivity of the mixture) Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the mixture 4 is placed in the glass container 1 and two copper plates 3 are inserted into the mixture 4.

[0023] When the test leads of the tester were brought into contact with each of the two copper plates 3, the resistance value was about 20 - 30 Ω, and the conductivity of the mixture 4 was confirmed. From this, it was confirmed that a network of electrical conduction by carbon black, which is a carbon-derived material in the soil 2, was formed.

[0024] The reason why the resistance value fluctuates by about 10 Ω is that gas (air) is mixed into the mixture 4 and the contact state of the electrical conduction substances becomes unstable. For this reason, the mixture 4 was manually tightened using a metal ramrod, and the resistance value of the mixture 4 was measured again.

[0025] After manual tightening, the resistance value of the mixture 4 became about 18 - 20 Ω. It was confirmed that as the resistance value decreased, the fluctuation of the resistance value also decreased. Note that this resistance value can be reduced to about several Ω if the addition amount of carbon black is increased to 10 - 15%.

[0026] In this first embodiment, the mixture 4 is a conductive part in which an electrically conductive carbon network is formed, and a capacitor 11 as a charging device using the ions of the soil 2 is realized using this conductive part.

[0027] (Experiment to confirm power storage using the mixture) Figure 3 shows the state of the capacitor 11 during charging, and is shown as a cross-sectional view excluding the power supply 8. As shown in Figure 3, after attaching the separator 5 to the glass container 1, the mixture 4 is put in, and the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 7 are inserted into this mixture 4, thereby forming the capacitor 11 of this first embodiment.

[0028] The separator 5 allows ions in the mixture 4 to pass through by means of the formed carbon network while preventing the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 7 from coming into direct contact and short - circuiting. In this first embodiment, as the material of the separator 5, polyolefin - based resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and polyester - based resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate can be used. Also, the separator 5 can use cellulose - derived non - woven fabrics and papers (such as Japanese paper and kitchen paper). Note that the separator 5 is fixed to the glass container 1 by an insulating tape. Alternatively, it may be sandwiched between insulators and installed in the glass container 1.

[0029] For the positive electrode 6, for example, materials that are less likely to undergo a chemical reaction with ionic substances contained in the soil 2 such as copper, aluminum, platinum, and carbon materials can be used. In this first embodiment, a copper plate 3 is used. The positive electrode 6 is connected to a carbon network formed by acetylene black. When an electric double layer is formed near the surface of the Binchotan charcoal connected to this carbon network, at the positive electrode 6, negative - charged anions are attracted, and thus charging is performed.

[0030] For the negative electrode 7, for example, materials that are less likely to undergo a chemical reaction with ionic substances contained in the soil 2 such as copper, aluminum, platinum, and carbon materials can be used. In this first embodiment, a copper plate 3 is used. The negative electrode 7 is connected to a carbon network formed by acetylene black. When an electric double layer is formed near the surface of the Binchotan charcoal connected to this carbon network, at the negative electrode 7, positive - charged cations are attracted, and thus charging is performed.

[0031] The power supply 8 is used when charging the capacitor 11, and a constant - voltage power supply, a constant - current power supply, etc. can be used.

[0032] One end of the wiring 9 is connected to the positive electrode 6, and the other end is connected to the + output terminal of the power supply 8. One end of the wiring 10 is connected to the negative electrode 7, and the other end is connected to the - output terminal of the power supply 8.

[0033] In this first embodiment, charging was performed at a voltage of 1 V to 3 V using a constant voltage power supply as the power supply 8. When the water content of the mixture 4 was high, charging was performed at 1.2 V or less to prevent the generation of hydrogen. When the water content of the mixture 4 was low, that is, when the generation of hydrogen was low, charging was performed at 3 V.

[0034] Although it depends on the state of the mixture 4, after charging for several minutes or about 5 to 10 minutes, when the wiring 9 and the wiring 10 were connected to a rotation motor (not shown), the rotation motor (not shown) rotated. As a result, it was confirmed that a carbon network was formed in the soil 2 with acetylene black and that the occlusion and release of ions by the Binchotan, which is an ion adsorbing substance, were occurring. That is, it was confirmed that power storage was possible using the mixture 4.

[0035] Also, the mixture 4 was newly created with the aforementioned weight ratio, and sodium ions (Na + ) were added. Specifically, several hundred cc of 5% saline solution was added. Then, in the same manner as described above, charging was performed at a voltage of 1.2 V for the same time (several minutes or about 5 to 10 minutes). After that, when the wiring 9 and the wiring 10 were connected to the rotation motor, the rotation motor rotated longer than the mixture 4 to which no sodium ions (Na + ) were added.

[0036] In this way, by adding cations, the charge amount of the capacitor 11 increases, so that more power can be supplied.

[0037] Also, in civil engineering and architecture, soil has played its role as ground or foundation, but according to this first embodiment, in addition to these, soil will play a role in power storage all at once, and an electric double layer capacitor using soil can be realized.

[0038] (Application of the capacitor to a building) Next, the application of the above capacitor 11 to a building will be described. Here, it is assumed that it is applied to the foundation structure 30. In this first embodiment, the capacitor 11 is applied to the foundation structure 30 composed of the fabric foundation 40 and the dirt floor concrete 60.

[0039] Although details will be described later, the foundation structure 30 includes a fabric foundation 40, a slab 50, a mixture 4 as a backfill material, and a dirt floor concrete 60. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which a separator 5, a positive electrode 6, and a negative electrode 7, which are part of the configuration of the capacitor 11, are arranged on the fabric foundation 40. In an actual construction site, a plurality of fabric foundations 40 are formed along the X-axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing to form the foundation structure 30. Therefore, the capacitor 11 can be installed at a plurality of locations.

[0040] The fabric foundation 40 is made of reinforced concrete, and a shear reinforcing bar 41 and a main reinforcing bar 42 extending along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface are formed on its upper surface. Since the inner surface 40a of the fabric foundation 40 is a member corresponding to the inner surface of the glass container 1, an insulating agent is applied or sprayed to ensure insulation. As the insulating agent, for example, an alkylalkoxysilane-based insulating agent or a silanesiloxane-based insulating agent can be used, but it is not limited thereto.

[0041] The slab 50 is made of concrete, is provided on the ground 45 in the space surrounded by the fabric foundation 40, and is a member extending along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. In this first embodiment, the slab 50 holds or houses the elements constituting the capacitor 11. Also, the upper surface 50a of the slab 50 is a member corresponding to the bottom surface of the glass container 1, and an insulating agent is applied or sprayed to ensure insulation. As the insulating agent, for example, an alkylalkoxysilane-based insulating agent or a silanesiloxane-based insulating agent can be used, but it is not limited thereto. As described above, in this first embodiment, an insulating container is formed by the opposing inner surfaces 40a of the fabric foundation 40 and the upper surface 50a of the slab 50.

[0042] Although U.S. Patent No. 11,512,022 listed in the prior art discloses storing electricity in concrete, it does not disclose the insulation treatment of the steel bars when the concrete is reinforced with steel bars. In contrast, in the first embodiment, the mixture 4 in which an electrically conductive substance is mixed with soil is insulated by the opposing inner surfaces 40a of the cloth foundation 40 and the upper surface 50a of the slab 50. Therefore, even if steel bars are arranged inside or on the upper surface of the cloth foundation 40, it is not necessary to perform insulation treatment on these steel bars. In addition, since the space between the soils 46 is a large space, even if the charge amount per unit area is small, because the capacity of the mixture 4 is large, more electricity can be stored.

[0043] The slab 50 is formed with a first holding portion 51 for holding the separator 5, a second holding portion 52 for holding the positive electrode 6, and a third holding portion 53 for holding the negative electrode 7. The first holding portion 51, the second holding portion 52, and the third holding portion 53 have recesses, and are formed by placing concrete in a formwork conforming to each shape when the concrete of the slab 50 is placed.

[0044] Since insulation is required for the first holding portion 51, it is desirable to apply or spray the aforementioned insulating agent. In addition, in order to securely hold the separator 5, the separator 5 can be securely held by a resin material 54 that is elastically deformable and has insulation properties. In FIG. 4, resin materials 54 are provided on both sides of the separator 5, but the resin material 54 may be provided on only one side of the separator 5 to hold the separator 5. Thus, the separator 5 is fitted in the recess of the first holding portion 51 by the resin material 54.

[0045] The second holding portion 52 and the third holding portion 53 have the same shape in the first embodiment. By making the second holding portion 52 and the third holding portion 53 have the same shape, a common formwork can be used, so that the cost of concrete placement can be reduced. Note that the second holding portion 52 and the third holding portion 53 may be omitted, and the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 7 may be held by the mixture 4.

[0046] When constructing the foundation structure 30, the soil on the ground 45 is excavated by a construction heavy machine such as an excavator. Then, the excavated soil is used as backfill material and filled back into the soil space 46 described later after the fabric foundation 40 is constructed. In this first embodiment, the excavated soil is mixed with an electrically conductive material to form the mixture 4. This mixing may be performed, for example, at the construction site using the bucket of an excavator, or by workers. Also, at this time, the above-described electrolyte material may be replenished.

[0047] Here, it is preferable to put the mixture 4 manufactured at the construction site into the glass container 1 shown in FIG. 2 and measure the resistance value of the mixture 4 manufactured at the construction site. Also, it is preferable to perform charging using the mixture 4 manufactured at the construction site and measure the current value and capacitance during charging. Based on these measurement results, if crushed Binchotan charcoal or carbon black is further added to the mixture 4 used as backfill material, or the electrolyte material is replenished, a capacitor 11 with excellent charging performance can be realized. In this way, if the mixture 4 of the capacitor 11 is manufactured using the soil excavated at the construction site, the cost of arranging and transporting the soil can be reduced.

[0048] In this first embodiment, the soil space 46 is formed by the space surrounded by the fabric foundation 40, the slab 50, and the deck 58 (see FIG. 6) described later. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the state where the mixture 4 is filled back into the soil space 46.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 5, the mixture 4 is filled into the soil space 46 so as not to exceed the heights of the separator 5, the positive electrode 6, the negative electrode 7, and the fabric foundation 40. Thereby, the insulation of the capacitor 11 can be ensured. Note that since the mixture 4 is only filled back into the soil space 46, air exists inside the mixture 4. If air exists inside the mixture 4 and the contact between the mixtures 4 is unstable, the internal resistance value of the mixture 4 increases, and the measured value of the internal resistance value is not stable.

[0050] Therefore, if the mixture 4 refilled in the dirt floor part 46 is compacted, the shear resistance of the mixture 4 can be increased, the internal resistance value can be decreased, and the performance as the capacitor 11 can be improved. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the state of the foundation structure 30 after compaction. As shown in FIG. 6, the height of the mixture 4 has been lowered by compaction.

[0051] Further, in FIG. 6, a resin sheet 55, a first pipe member 56, a second pipe member 57, a deck 58, and dirt floor concrete 60 are newly illustrated. The resin sheet 55 is a sheet for preventing rainwater from hitting the capacitor 11, and a polyethylene sheet is used in this first embodiment. In this first embodiment, the dirt floor concrete 60 can prevent rainwater from hitting the capacitor 11. Therefore, in this first embodiment, the resin sheet 55 may be omitted, or the resin sheet 55 may be used until the dirt floor concrete 60 is constructed.

[0052] In this first embodiment, the first pipe member 56 is a CD pipe and is a pipe member for passing the wiring 9 from the positive electrode 6. The second pipe member 57 is a CD pipe and is a pipe member for passing the wiring 10 from the negative electrode 7.

[0053] In this first embodiment, it is desirable to check the operation of the capacitor 11 before placing the dirt floor concrete 60. As the operation check, in addition to charging the capacitor 11, it is preferable to perform discharging. In FIG. 5 and the like, one capacitor 11 is illustrated, but at the construction site, a plurality of capacitors 11 are provided. When a plurality of capacitors 11 are connected in series, it is desirable to check the charging and discharging operations in a state where the plurality of capacitors 11 are connected in series.

[0054] Further, according to the result of this operation check, it may be determined whether or not to add the above-described electrolyte substance. The determination regarding the addition of the electrolyte substance may be made by an operator, or may be made by the control device 20 or the host computer described later.

[0055] Although the deck 58 is shown schematically, it is supported by the cloth foundation 40 and covers the dirt floor portion 46. In the present first embodiment, the deck 58 is made of steel and has an opening for passing the first pipe member 56 and the second pipe member 57 therethrough.

[0056] The dirt floor concrete 60 is made of concrete. The dirt floor concrete 60 is supported by the cloth foundation 40. The dirt floor concrete 60 is formed with a hatch 59, an opening 60a, and an opening 60b, which will be described later.

[0057] The hatch 59 is a metal part that opens and closes the opening 60a and the opening 60b. The hatch 59 provided on the +X side is shown in an open state, and the hatch 59 provided on the -X side is shown in a closed state.

[0058] The opening 60a has an opening provided opposite to the positive electrode 6, and through the opening of the deck 58, it is an opening that enables access to the positive electrode 6, the first pipe member 56, and the second pipe member 57.

[0059] The opening 60b has an opening provided opposite to the negative electrode 7, and through the opening of the deck 58, it is an opening that enables access to the negative electrode 7 and the second pipe member 57. Note that the number of the opening 60a and the opening 60b is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more. Also, the sizes and positions of the opening 60a and the opening 60b can be set as appropriate.

[0060] In the present first embodiment, for example, a pipe for supplying an electrolyte substance to the mixture 4 may be provided through the opening 60a and the opening of the deck 58. In this case, the electrolyte substance is preferably supplied in a solution state, for example, by dissolving it in water.

[0061] FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which a temporary scaffold 61 and a protective net 65 are provided in the vicinity of the foundation structure 30.

[0062] The temporary scaffold 61 is an external scaffold such as a bitty scaffold, for example, but is not limited thereto.

[0063] The protective net 65 is provided on the +X side (outer side) of the temporary scaffold 61 and is a net for preventing the fall of objects such as tools as a safety measure for surrounding pedestrians. The protective net 65 is attached to the components constituting the temporary scaffold 61 via a binding member (not shown). In the present first embodiment, a perovskite solar cell 70 is provided on the protective net 65.

[0064] FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the protective net 65 provided with the perovskite solar cell 70. As shown in FIG. 8, the perovskite solar cell 70 is joined to the surface of the mesh 76, which is the base material of the protective net 65, in a strip shape along the Y-axis direction. If the perovskite solar cell 70 is joined to the entire surface of the mesh 76, the air permeability, which is a function of the protective net 65, will be lost. For this reason, in the present first embodiment, the perovskite solar cell 70 is partially joined to the mesh 76. When the protective net 65 is provided on the temporary scaffold 61, the perovskite solar cell 70 may be provided along the X-axis direction or along the Z-axis direction.

[0065] The mesh 76 has a plurality of meshes and is a resin material (for example, polyester) that is resistant to rain, heat, etc. In order to reduce the influence of wind, it is preferable that the porosity of the mesh 76 is 10% to 55%, in other words, the filling rate is 45% to 90%. Further, as for the mesh 76, in order to make it difficult for foreign objects to pass through, those having a mesh interval (lattice interval) of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, more preferably a mesh interval (lattice interval) of 1 mm to 3 mm can be applied. Note that minute foreign objects passing through a mesh interval of 0.5 mm or 1 mm do not substantially pose a problem.

[0066] In this first embodiment, the porosity of the mesh 76 may be set according to the area of the perovskite solar cell 70 covering the mesh 76. For example, assume that the porosity of the previous protective net without the perovskite solar cell 70 was 20%. Here, when the perovskite solar cell 70 covers 50% of the area of the mesh 76, by using a mesh 76 with a porosity of 35% to 45%, preferably 40%, it is possible to ensure the air permeability of the entire protective net 65.

[0067] Further, a heat conductive agent for conducting the heat of the perovskite solar cell 70 to the mesh 76 is applied to the mesh 76, and a heat conduction part 77 (see FIG. 9) is formed. Since the power generation efficiency of the perovskite solar cell 70 decreases when it becomes too hot, by transferring the heat of the perovskite solar cell 70 to the mesh 76 side, a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the perovskite solar cell 70 is prevented. As the heat conductive agent, heat dissipation grease may be used, and for example, silicone grease can be applied.

[0068] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 8. Note that FIG. 9 is different from the actual dimensions because it clearly shows the configuration of the perovskite solar cell 70. As shown in FIG. 9, the perovskite solar cell 70 includes a first electrode 71 (the positive electrode in this first embodiment), a hole transport layer 72, a perovskite layer 73, an electron transport layer 74, a second electrode 75 (the negative electrode in this first embodiment), and a coating layer 78, which are laminated in this order on the mesh 76 as the base material via the heat conduction part 77. It is preferable to provide a transparent protective layer on the surface of the second electrode 75, perform a water repellent treatment on this protective layer, and preferably form the coating layer 78.

[0069] As the ratio of the area of the perovskite solar cell 70 to the area of the mesh 76 increases, the power generation amount of the perovskite solar cell 70 increases, but the air permeability of the mesh 76 decreases, and there is a possibility that the required air permeability of the protective net 65 may not be satisfied.

[0070] Therefore, in the first embodiment, the ratio of the area of the perovskite solar cell 70 to the area of the mesh 76 is set to be from 15% to 75%, preferably from 25% to 65%, and more preferably from 35% to 50%. Note that the ratio of the area of the perovskite solar cell 70 to the area of the mesh 76 may be determined by the power required during the construction of the building protected by the protective net 65. Since the perovskite solar cell 70 does not depend on the position of the sun and can generate electricity even on cloudy days, it can be provided on the four sides (east side, west side, south side, north side) of the building. Also, as the building gets taller, the temporary scaffold 61 is added and gets taller, and the number of protective nets 65 used and the area of the protective nets 65 also increase. For this reason, in proportion to the size of the building, a sufficient power generation area can be taken by the perovskite solar cell 70.

[0071] FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control device 20 for controlling charging and discharging of the capacitor 11 in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, charging of the capacitor 11 is performed by the above-described perovskite solar cell 70, but it is not limited thereto.

[0072] The control device 20 includes a charging switch 12, a discharging switch 13, a communication unit 14, a memory 15, and a control unit 16.

[0073] The charging switch 12 is an on / off switch. When the switch is on, charging of the capacitor 11 by the perovskite solar cell 70 is performed, and when the switch is off, charging of the capacitor 11 by the perovskite solar cell 70 is not performed. Note that in the first embodiment, the charging switch 12 may be omitted and charging of the capacitor 11 by the perovskite solar cell 70 may be performed constantly.

[0074] The discharge switch 13 is an on-off switch that discharges to the load when the switch is on and does not discharge to the load when the switch is off. Examples of the load include a lighting power source, a power source for a surveillance camera, and power sources for various sensors (such as a motion sensor, a noise meter, and a fire sensor). When the power source is an AC power source, it may be converted to an AC power source by an inverter.

[0075] The communication unit 14 is a wireless communication unit that accesses a wide-area network such as the Internet. Note that the communication unit 14 may communicate by wire. In the first embodiment, the communication unit 14 communicates with a host computer provided remotely.

[0076] The communication unit 14 communicates, for example, the daily charge amount and discharge amount to the host computer. As going from a low-rise building to a mid-rise and high-rise building, the number of protective nets 65 used and the area of the protective nets 65 increase, and the power generation amount of the perovskite solar cell 70 increases. Along with this, the charge amount to the capacitor 11 increases and the discharge amount of the capacitor 11 increases. Thereby, the host computer can obtain the charge amount and discharge amount associated with the progress of construction at a plurality of construction sites, not just staying at one construction site.

[0077] Also, if a solar power generation facility is provided on the rooftop of a building or a perovskite solar cell 70 is provided on the window of a building, it is possible to charge the capacitor 11 with electricity derived from sunlight even after the completion of the building. The communication unit 14 may communicate the daily charge amount and discharge amount to the host computer even after completion. The electricity stored in the capacitor 11 can be used as power for various lighting and for emergencies such as power outages after completion. Needless to say, the perovskite solar cell provided on the window of a building does not require the air permeability required by the protective net 65.

[0078] The memory 15 is a non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory), and stores a program for controlling the charging and discharging of the capacitor 11. Further, the memory 15 stores, for example, the daily charge amount and discharge amount of the capacitor 11. Note that the memory 15 may store the charge amount and discharge amount for each time period.

[0079] The control unit 16 includes a CPU and controls the charging and discharging of the capacitor 11. In the first embodiment, the control unit 16 monitors the voltage of the capacitor 11, and if the voltage becomes lower than the lower threshold value, turns off the discharge switch 13 so as not to perform discharge to the load. Further, the control unit 16 may control to turn off the charging switch 12 so as not to perform charging if the voltage becomes higher than the upper threshold value.

[0080] As described above, in the first embodiment, since the electricity generated by natural energy such as sunlight can be charged and used from the time of construction of the building until after completion, it is possible to realize a construction work and a building with less carbon dioxide emissions.

[0081] (Second Embodiment) Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 11. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. In the second embodiment, the dirt floor 46 is divided into two by concrete partition blocks 63.

[0082] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which the separator 5, the positive electrode 6, and the negative electrode 7, which are part of the configuration of the capacitor 11, are arranged on the mat foundation of the second embodiment. In this way, two capacitors 11 may be arranged in the divided dirt floor 46. Further, the number of divisions is not limited to two and can be arbitrarily set.

[0083] In this case, the capacitor 11 including the mixture 4 may be unitized, and the unitized capacitor 11 may be arranged on the dirt floor 46. As an example of unitization, for example, the capacitor 11 in FIG. 3 may be used, and a lid member may be provided on the upper surface. In this case, the lid member may be provided with openings according to the positions of the separator 5, the positive electrode 6, and the negative electrode 7, and an opening / closing portion for opening and closing the opening may be provided.

[0084] The above-described embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the unitized capacitor 11 may be provided under a concrete road. Since the capacitor 11 is not affected by rainwater due to the concrete and the concrete is removed during gas or sewage work, the maintenance and replacement of the capacitor 11 can be performed, and a safe and user-friendly capacitor 11 can be realized.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0085] 2... soil 3... copper plate 4... mixture 5... separator 6... positive electrode 7... negative electrode 11... capacitor 12... charging switch 13... discharging switch 16... control unit 20... control device 30... foundation structure 40... fabric foundation 51... first holding portion 54... resin material 45... ground 46... dirt floor 60... dirt floor concrete

Claims

1. A charged device provided at the foundation part of a building, comprising: a separator provided between a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a conductive part in which an electrically conductive substance and an electrolyte substance are mixed into soil containing ions; and the foundation part includes a slab provided on the ground and strip footings provided on both side surfaces of the slab; the conductive part is provided in a space formed by the slab and the strip footings; the electrically conductive substance is connected to the positive electrode and the electrically conductive substance is connected to the negative electrode, and when a voltage is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, anions are guided to the positive electrode and cations are guided to the negative electrode. A charged device.

2. The charged device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive substance is a carbon-derived substance.

3. The electrically conductive substance has carbon black and binchotan charcoal, and The charged device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the binchotan charcoal to the soil is larger than the weight ratio of the carbon black to the soil.

4. A container for housing the conductive part, the separator, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is provided, and The charged device according to claim 1, wherein the container is provided in the space.

5. The charged device according to claim 1, wherein the foundation part has concrete and an insulating layer provided with an insulating substance on the surface of the concrete.

6. The charged device according to claim 4 or claim 5, further comprising a holding member for holding the separator in the foundation part.

7. The charged device according to claim 6, wherein the holding member has concrete and an insulating layer provided with an insulating substance on the surface of the concrete.

8. The charged device according to claim 1, wherein the conductive part is housed in the space so as to leave the upper part of the space.

9. The charged device according to claim 8, further comprising a ceiling part connected to the strip footing and covering the upper part of the space.

10. The charged device according to claim 9, wherein the ceiling part is provided with an opening having an opening through which wiring from the positive electrode and wiring from the negative electrode pass.

11. The charged device according to claim 10, wherein the wiring from the positive electrode and the wiring from the negative electrode pass through the opening via a pipe member.

12. The charged device according to claim 11, wherein a ground slab concrete is formed above the strip footing and the ceiling part.

13. The charged device according to claim 12, wherein the earthen concrete is provided with a communication part that can communicate with the space.

14. The electrically conductive material has carbon black and activated carbon, The charged device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the activated carbon to the soil is larger than the weight ratio of the carbon black to the soil.

15. The charged device according to claim 1, wherein the soil has a sand content.

16. A charging method using a foundation part of a building, A conductive part in which an electrically conductive material and an electrolyte material are mixed into soil containing ions is provided, A positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are provided in the conductive part, The foundation part includes a slab provided on the ground and strip footings provided on both side surfaces of the slab, The conductive part is provided in a space formed by the slab and the strip footings, The electrically conductive material is connected to the positive electrode, the electrically conductive material is connected to the negative electrode, and when a voltage is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, anions are guided to the positive electrode and cations are guided to the negative electrode.

17. The charging method according to claim 16, wherein the electrically conductive material is a carbon-derived material.

18. The electrically conductive material has carbon black and binchotan charcoal, The charging method according to claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the weight ratio of the binchotan charcoal to the soil is larger than the weight ratio of the carbon black to the soil.

19. A container houses the conductive part, the separator, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode, The charging method according to claim 16, wherein the container is provided in the space.

20. The charging method according to claim 16, wherein an insulating material is provided in the concrete of the foundation part.

21. The charging method according to claim 16, wherein the conductive part is housed in the space so as to leave the upper part of the space.

22. The charging method according to claim 21, wherein a ceiling part is provided that is connected to the strip footing and covers the upper part of the space.

23. The charging method according to claim 22, wherein an opening through which wiring from the positive electrode and wiring from the negative electrode pass is provided in the ceiling part.

24. The charging method according to claim 23, wherein the wiring from the positive electrode and the wiring from the negative electrode pass through the opening via a pipe member.

25. The charging method according to claim 24, wherein earthen concrete is formed above the strip footing and the ceiling part.

26. The charging method according to claim 25, wherein a communication part capable of communicating with the space is provided in the earthen concrete.

27. The electrically conductive material has carbon black and activated carbon, The charging method according to claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the weight ratio of the activated carbon to the soil is larger than the weight ratio of the carbon black to the soil.

28. The charging method according to claim 16, wherein the soil has a sand content.

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