Accuracy of Positioning Techniques in Full Duplex Mode

Abstract

Techniques are provided for utilizing positioning reference signals (PRS) in a full-duplex scenario. An exemplary method for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station includes, at the mobile device, receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station, determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, obtaining location measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and providing the location measurement information to the base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communication, and more particularly, to techniques for a user equipment to utilize positioning reference signals in full-duplex operation.

Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcast, positioning, etc. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access techniques that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access systems include, among others, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) 5th Generation New Radio system (5G NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Advanced (LTE-A) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) system, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) system, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system.

[0003] Obtaining the location or position of a mobile device accessing a wireless communication system can be useful in many applications, such as, for example, emergency calls, personal navigation, asset tracking, identifying the location of friends or family, etc. Existing positioning methods include methods based on measuring wireless signals transmitted from various devices, including satellite vehicles (SVs) and terrestrial radio sources within a wireless network such as base stations and access points. In methods based on terrestrial radio sources, a mobile device can measure the timing of signals received from two or more base stations and determine the time of arrival, time difference of arrival, and / or the difference between the reception time and the transmission time. Combining these measurements with the known locations of the base stations and the known transmission times from each base station can enable the location of the mobile device to be determined using positioning methods such as observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) or enhanced cell ID (ECID).

[0004] To further assist in location determination (e.g., for OTDOA), positioning reference signals (PRS) can be transmitted by base stations to increase both the measurement accuracy and the number of different base stations from which timing measurements can be obtained by a mobile device. Generally, a base station and a mobile device can communicate using a half-duplex operation in which either the downlink channel (e.g., for transmission from the base station to the mobile device) or the uplink channel (e.g., for transmission from the mobile device to the base station) is continuously utilized. However, emerging technologies enable full-duplex operation in which a base station or a mobile device can communicate simultaneously on the downlink and uplink channels. Full-duplex operation can sometimes reduce the efficiency of the terrestrial positioning process. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM

[0005] An exemplary method for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station according to the present disclosure includes, at the mobile device, receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station; determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement; obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions; and providing the position measurement information to the base station.

[0006] Implementations of such a method may include one or more of the following features. One of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions may be within a half-duplex slot. One of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions may be within a full-duplex slot. The position measurement information may include a reference signal time difference measurement value. The position measurement information may include an RSSI measurement value or an RTT measurement value. The downlink positioning measurement value may be obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with an uplink transmission from the mobile device. One or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value may overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may be provided to the base station based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may include a bitmap based on one or more symbols in the overlap. The slot information may include a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the presence of the overlap.

[0007] An example of a method for providing position information of a mobile device to a server according to the present disclosure includes determining the position information of the mobile device; determining a dual-mode configuration associated with the position information; and providing an indication of the position information and the dual-mode configuration to the server.

[0008] Implementations of such a method may include one or more of the following features. The step of determining location information may include receiving location information from a mobile device in a wireless signal. The step of determining a dual-mode configuration may include receiving an indication of the dual-mode configuration from the mobile device in a wireless signal. The indication of the dual-mode configuration may include a beam identification value. The indication of the dual-mode configuration may include slot information indicating that downlink positioning measurements were obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with an uplink transmission from the mobile device. One or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurements may overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may be based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurements and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may include a bitmap based on one or more symbols in the overlap. The slot information may include a flag variable or a single bit to indicate the presence of the overlap. The step of providing an indication of the dual-mode configuration may include indicating that the location information was obtained in all-duplex slots. The step of providing an indication of the dual-mode configuration may include indicating that the location information was obtained from a base station operating in split-panel mode.

[0009] An example of a method for providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern according to the present disclosure includes determining a full-duplex scheme including a plurality of full-duplex slots, determining a positioning reference signal muting pattern based at least in part on the plurality of full-duplex slots, and providing the positioning reference signal muting pattern to a mobile device.

[0010] Implementations of such methods may include one or more of the following features. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals of a plurality of full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more in-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more in-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink and downlink transmissions without a guard band. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink and downlink transmissions by a frequency separation that is insufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may exclude the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink and downlink transmissions by a frequency separation that is sufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device.

[0011] An exemplary apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a memory, one or more transceivers, and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the one or more transceivers, the processor being configured to receive a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from a base station, determine one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, obtain position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and provide the position measurement information to the base station.

[0012] Implementations of such a device may include one or more of the following features. One of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions may be in a half-duplex slot. One of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions may be in a full-duplex slot. The position measurement information may include a reference signal time difference measurement value. The position measurement information may include an RSSI measurement value or an RTT measurement value. The downlink positioning measurement value may be obtained using one or more transceivers simultaneously with an uplink transmission using one or more transceivers. One or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value may overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may be provided to the base station based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may include a bitmap based on one or more symbols in the overlap. The slot information may include a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the presence of the overlap.

[0013] An exemplary device according to the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to determine position information of a mobile device, determine a dual-mode configuration associated with the position information, and provide an indication of the position information and the dual-mode configuration to a server.

[0014] Implementations of such an apparatus may include one or more of the following features. The indication of the dual-mode configuration may include a beam identification value. The indication of the dual-mode configuration may include slot information indicating that the downlink positioning measurement value was acquired by the mobile device simultaneously with the uplink transmission from the mobile device. One or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value may overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may be based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. The slot information may include a bitmap based on one or more symbols in the overlap. The slot information may include a flag variable or a single bit to indicate the presence of the overlap. The processor may be configured to provide an indication that the position information was acquired in all-duplex slots. The processor may be configured to provide an indication that the position information was acquired from a base station operating in split-panel mode.

[0015] An exemplary apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver, the processor being configured to determine a full-duplex mode including a plurality of full-duplex slots, determine a positioning reference signal muting pattern based at least in part on the plurality of full-duplex slots, and provide the positioning reference signal muting pattern to a mobile device.

[0016] Implementations of such an apparatus may include one or more of the following features. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals of a plurality of full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more in-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more in-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission without a guard band. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may be configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by frequency separation that is insufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device. The positioning reference signal muting pattern may exclude the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by frequency separation that is sufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device.

[0017] An exemplary apparatus for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station according to the present disclosure includes means for receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station, means for determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, means for obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and means for providing the position measurement information to the base station.

[0018] An exemplary non - transitory processor - readable storage medium including processor - readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide positioning information of a mobile device to a base station includes code for receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station, code for determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, code for obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and code for providing the position measurement information to the base station.

[0019] An exemplary apparatus for providing location information of a mobile device to a server according to the present disclosure includes means for determining the location information of the mobile device, means for determining a dual - mode configuration associated with the location information, and means for providing the location information and an indication of the dual - mode configuration to the server.

[0020] An exemplary non - transitory processor - readable storage medium including processor - readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide location information of a mobile device to a server according to the present disclosure includes code for determining the location information of the mobile device, code for determining a dual - mode configuration associated with the location information, and code for providing the location information and an indication of the dual - mode configuration to the server.

[0021] An exemplary apparatus for providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern according to the present disclosure includes means for determining a full - duplex scheme including a plurality of full - duplex slots, means for determining a positioning reference signal muting configuration based at least in part on the plurality of full - duplex slots, and means for providing the positioning reference signal muting configuration to a mobile device.

[0022] An exemplary non - transitory processor - readable storage medium including processor - readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide a positioning reference signal muting pattern includes code for determining a full - duplex scheme including a plurality of full - duplex slots, code for determining a positioning reference signal muting configuration based at least in part on the plurality of full - duplex slots, and code for providing the positioning reference signal muting configuration to a mobile device.

[0023] The items and / or techniques described herein may provide one or more of the following capabilities, as well as other capabilities not mentioned. A base station and a user equipment may be configured for full - duplex operation. A communication network may be based on a full - duplex scheme including frames having half - duplex slots and full - duplex slots. A base station may be configured to transmit a downlink positioning reference signal (PRS) in half - duplex slots and full - duplex slots. The beamwidth of the downlink PRS transmission may increase due to the branching of antenna elements between the transmission chain and the reception chain at the base station. The accuracy of the position estimate based on the PRS transmission in full - duplex slots may degrade due to the increased PRS beamwidth and self - interference to the mobile device. The downlink PRS transmission may be muted in some full - duplex slots. The half - duplex slots and full - duplex slots may be associated with different accuracy requirements. The use of full - duplex slots for positioning may be reported to a location server. The degree of overlap between the received downlink PRS transmission and the active UL transmission on the mobile device may be captured and reported. Other capabilities may be provided, and not all implementations according to the present disclosure are required to provide any, let alone all, of the described capabilities. Further, it may be possible for the above - mentioned effects to be achieved by means other than those mentioned, and the mentioned items / techniques may not necessarily result in the mentioned effects.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Techniques for utilizing positioning reference signals (PRS) in a full-duplex scenario are described herein. A 5G NR deployment may include frames having slots configured for full-duplex mode operation. In a full-duplex communication mode, an antenna system may have some elements configured to transmit, while other elements are configured to receive. The signal-to-noise ratio of a station or mobile device operating in full-duplex mode may be degraded due to self-interference (e.g., transmitter leakage). PRS transmissions may be performed during slots configured for full-duplex operation. The beamwidth of PRS transmissions during full-duplex operation may be increased based on a reduced number of antenna elements configured to transmit. The accuracy of position estimates based on PRS transmissions in full-duplex slots may be reduced. Self-interference to a mobile device may further reduce the position estimate. In one example, PRS transmissions in full-duplex slots may be explicitly or implicitly muted. In another example, positioning accuracy requirements may be defined for PRS position estimates obtained from PRS transmissions in half-duplex and full-duplex slots. Full-duplex slots may be associated with reduced or no accuracy requirements (i.e., the accuracy requirements may not apply in full-duplex slots). A mobile device may be configured to provide an indication as to whether a position measurement was obtained in a half-duplex slot or a full-duplex slot. In the case of a full-duplex slot, the mobile device may report whether the PRS signal overlapped with an active uplink (UL) transmission from the mobile device. These techniques are merely examples and not exhaustive.

[0026] The following description provides examples and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the functions and configurations of the elements described without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, the features described for some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of aspects described herein. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods practiced using other structures, functions, or structures and functions in addition to, or other than, the various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims. The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.

[0027] The techniques described herein may be used in various wireless communication technologies such as 3GPP (registered trademark) 5th Generation New Radio (5G NR). 5G NR is an emerging wireless communication technology being developed in cooperation with the 5G Technology Forum (5GTF). NR access (e.g., 5G NR) can support various wireless communication services such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting a wide bandwidth (e.g., 80 MHz or more), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting a high carrier frequency (e.g., 25 GHz or more), massive machine type communication MTC (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and / or mission critical such as ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). These services may include latency requirements and reliability requirements. These services may also have different transmission time intervals (TTIs) to meet their respective quality of service (QoS) requirements. In addition, these services may coexist in the same subframe.

[0028] The techniques described herein may be used in 5G NR wireless networks and radio technologies, as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary wireless communication network 100 is shown. The wireless communication network 100 may be a full-duplex NR system (e.g., a full-duplex 5G network). In one example, a mobile device such as user equipment (UE) 120a may have a bandwidth (BW) component 160 configured to adapt the operating BW of UE 120a. Similarly, a base station (BS) 110a may include a BW configuration component 170 that can configure a UE such as UE 120a to adapt its operating BW.

[0030] Wireless communication network 100 may include several base stations (BS) 110 and other network entities. A BS may be a station that communicates with user equipment (UE). Each BS 110 may provide communication coverage in a specific geographical area. In 3GPP (registered trademark), the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of a Node B (NB) and / or the NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In an NR system, the term "cell" can be used interchangeably with BS, next-generation Node B (gNB or g-node B), access point (AP), distributed unit (DU), carrier, or transmit-receive point (TRP). In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be fixed, and the geographical area of a cell may move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some examples, BSs may be interconnected with each other within wireless communication network 100 and / or with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) through various types of backhaul interfaces such as direct physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, etc., using any suitable transport network.

[0031] In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network may support a specific radio access technology (RAT) and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may also be called wireless technology, air interface, etc. Frequencies may also be called carriers, subcarriers, frequency channels, tones, subbands, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, an NR or 5G RAT network may be deployed.

[0032] A BS may provide communication coverage to macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and / or other types of cells. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and can enable unrestricted access by UEs subscribed to the service. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographical area and can enable unrestricted access by UEs subscribed to the service. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a home) and can enable restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs within a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs for users within a home, etc.). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c may each be a macro BS for macro cells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS 110x may be a pico BS for pico cell 102x. BSs 110y and 110z may each be a femto BS for femto cells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells.

[0033] The wireless communication network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is a station that receives transmissions of data and / or other information from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and sends transmissions of data and / or other information to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that relays transmissions for other UEs. Relay station 110r may communicate with BS 110a and UE 120r to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120r. A relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relay, etc.

[0034] The wireless communication network 100 can be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relays, etc. These different types of BSs can have different transmission power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100. For example, a macro BS can have a high transmission power level (e.g., 20 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and relays can have a lower transmission power level (e.g., 1 watt).

[0035] The wireless communication network 100 can support synchronous operation or asynchronous operation. In the case of synchronous operation, the BSs may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different BSs may be approximately time-aligned. In the case of asynchronous operation, the BSs may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different BSs may not be time-aligned. The techniques described in this specification can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operations.

[0036] The network controller 130 can be coupled to a set of BSs and perform coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 can communicate with the BS 110 via a backhaul. The BSs 110 can also communicate with each other (e.g., directly or indirectly) via a wireless backhaul or a wireline backhaul.

[0037] UE 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120x, 120y, etc.) may be distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE may be fixed or mobile. The UE may be a mobile device, mobile station, terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, station, customer premise equipment (CPE), cellular phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, tablet computer, camera, game device, netbook, smartbook, ultrabook, appliance, medical device or instrument, biosensor / device, smartwatch, smart closing, smart glass, smart list band, wearable device such as smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet, etc.), entertainment device (e.g., music device, video device, satellite radio, etc.), vehicle component or sensor, smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless medium or a wired medium. Some UEs may be regarded as machine type communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC UEs and eMTC UEs may communicate with, for example, a BS, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity, including robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc. The wireless node may provide connectivity for a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) or to the network, for example, via a wired communication link or a wireless communication link. Some UEs may be regarded as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and the IoT devices may be narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.

[0038] Some wireless networks (e.g., LTE) utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. OFDM and SC-FDM divide the system bandwidth into a plurality (K) of orthogonal subcarriers, also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Generally, modulation symbols are sent using OFDM in the frequency domain and SC-FDM in the time domain. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) may depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier spacing may be 15 kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (referred to as a "resource block" (RB)) may be 12 subcarriers (i.e., 180 kHz). Thus, the nominal Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) size may be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048 for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 megahertz (MHz), respectively. The system bandwidth may also be divided into subbands. For example, a subband can cover 1.08 MHz (e.g., 6 RBs), and there can be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, respectively. In LTE, the basic transmission time interval (TTI) or packet duration is a 1 ms subframe. In NR, the subframe is still 1 ms, but the basic TTI is called a slot. The subframe includes a variable number of slots (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16,... slots) depending on the subcarrier spacing. The NR RB is 12 consecutive frequency subcarriers. NR may support a base subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and other subcarrier spacings may be defined for the base subcarrier spacing, such as 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, etc. The symbol and slot lengths correspond to the subcarrier spacing. The CP length also depends on the subcarrier spacing. NR may support transmitting a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) in one or more slots as described herein.

[0039] NR may include support for semi-duplex operation using TDD, with OFDM using CP on both the uplink and downlink. Beamforming may be supported, and the beam direction may be configured dynamically. MIMO transmission using precoding may also be supported. In some examples, the MIMO configuration in the DL may support up to 8 transmit antennas, with multi-layer DL transmission of up to 8 streams and up to 2 streams per UE. In some examples, multi-layer transmission using up to 2 streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells may be supported using up to 8 serving cells.

[0040] In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled. A scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication between some or all of the devices and equipment within its service area or cell. The scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, allocating, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, the subordinate entity utilizes the resources allocated by the scheduling entity. The base station is not the only entity that may function as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity, schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and other UEs may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and / or in a mesh network. In an example of a mesh network, in addition to communicating with a scheduling entity, UEs may communicate directly with each other.

[0041] In some examples, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) may communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world application examples of such sidelink communication may include public safety, proximity services, relay from UE to network, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, Internet of Everything (IoE) communication, IoT communication, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, sidelink signals may refer to signals communicated from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without relaying the communication through a scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS), although the scheduling entity may be utilized for scheduling and / or control purposes. In some examples, sidelink signals may be communicated using licensed spectrum (unlike wireless local area networks which typically use unlicensed spectrum). In one example, sidelink signals may be configured for full-duplex or half-duplex operation. The positioning frequency layer may be used to facilitate full-duplex and / or half-duplex UE-to-UE transmissions for sidelink positioning applications.

[0042] In FIG. 1, solid lines with double arrows indicate desired transmissions between a UE and a serving BS, where the serving BS is the BS designated to serve the UE on the downlink and / or uplink. Thin dashed lines with double arrows indicate potentially interfering transmissions between the UE and the BS.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 2, exemplary components of BS 110 and UE 120 (e.g., within the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1) are shown. Components including antenna 252, processors 266, 258, 264, and / or controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or antenna 234, processors 220, 230, 238, and / or controller / processor 240 of BS 110 may be used to execute the various techniques and methods described herein.

[0044] In BS110, the transmission processor 220 may receive data from the data source 212 and control information from the controller / processor 240. In the case of an LTE system, the control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), etc. The data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc. The processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmission processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), cell-specific reference signal (CRS), and positioning reference signal (PRS), etc. In the case of an NR system, the control information may include logical channels and transport channels including broadcast control channel (BCCH), paging control channel (PCCH), common control channel (CCCH), dedicated control channel (DCCH), dedicated traffic channel (DTCH), broadcast channel (BCH), paging channel (PCH), and downlink shared channel (DL-SCH). The physical channels in a 5G NR system may include PBCH, PDCCH, and PDSCH. The physical signals may include demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), phase-tracking reference signal (PT-RS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), primary synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signal (PSS / SSS), and downlink PRS (DL PRS).

[0045] The transmission (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the corresponding data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, and may provide the output symbol streams to the modulators (MOD) 232a - 232t. Each modulator 232 may process the respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from the modulators 232a - 232t may be transmitted via the antennas 234a - 234t respectively.

[0046] In the UE120, the antennas 252a - 252r may receive downlink signals from the BS110 and may provide the received signals to the demodulators (DEMOD) 254a - 254r in the transceiver respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition the respective received signal (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM etc.) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators 254a - 254r and may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols and provide the detected symbols if applicable. The receive processor 258 may process the detected symbols (e.g., demodulate, de-interleave, and decode) and may provide the decoded data for the UE120 to the data sink 260 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 280.

[0047] On the uplink, at UE 120, transmission processor 264 may receive and process data from data source 262 (e.g., for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). Transmission processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for sounding reference signal (SRS)). Symbols from transmission processor 264 may be precoded by TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and further processed by demodulators 254a - 254r in the transceiver (e.g., for SC - FDM) and transmitted to base station 110. At BS 110, the uplink signal from UE 120 is received by antenna 234, processed by modulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236, if applicable, and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain the decoded data and control information sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240.

[0048] Controller / processors 240 and 280 may each direct operations at BS 110 and UE 120, respectively. Controller / processor 240 and / or other processors and modules at BS 110 may execute or direct the execution of processes for the techniques described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may each store data and program code for BS 110 and UE 120, respectively. Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0049] The 5G NR wireless network is expected to provide ultra-high data rates and support a wide range of application scenarios. Wireless full-duplex (FD) communication is an emerging technique that can theoretically double the link capacity when compared to half-duplex (HD) communication. The main concept of wireless full-duplex communication is to enable a wireless network node to transmit and receive simultaneously on the same frequency band in the same time slot. This is in contrast to conventional half-duplex operation where transmission and reception are either different in time or different in frequency. The wireless communication network 100 may support various FD communication modes.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 3A and further to FIGS. 1 and 2, an illustration 300 of a full-duplex communication mode using a full-duplex base station and half-duplex UEs is shown. This illustration includes an FD BS 302, an HD BS 304, a first HD UE 306, and a second HD UE 308. The FD BS 302 can communicate simultaneously with two HD UEs 306, 308 in UL and DL using the same radio resources. For example, the FD BS 302 may communicate with the first HD UE 306 via the downlink 310 and with the second HD UE 308 via the uplink 312. The FD BS 302 may be susceptible to self-interference 302a from its downlink-uplink operation, as well as interference 314 from other gNBs such as the HD BS 304. The first HD UE 306 may be susceptible to interference 314 from the HD BS 304 and interference 316 from the second HD UE 308. Generally, self-interference 302a (or transmitter leakage) refers to a signal that leaks from a device transmitter to its own receiver.

[0051] Referring to FIG. 3B, an illustration 330 of another full-duplex communication mode using a full-duplex base station and a full-duplex UE is shown. This illustration 330 includes an FD BS 302, an HD BS 304, an FD UE 336, and an HD UE 308. The FD BS 302 and the FD UE 336 are configured to communicate simultaneously via UL 334 and DL 332 using the same radio resources. The HD BS 304 is communicating with the HD UE 308 via DL 338. During communication, the FD UE 336 may be susceptible to self-interference 336a and interference 338a from other gNBs such as the HD BS 304. The FD UE 336 may also be susceptible to interference transmitted from the HD UE 308.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 3C, an illustration 350 of another full-duplex communication mode using a full-duplex UE is shown. This illustration 350 includes a first HD BS 352, a second HD BS 354, an FD UE 336, and an HD UE 308. The FD UE 336 is configured to communicate simultaneously with multiple transmission and reception points (e.g., multiple BSs) in UL and DL using the same radio resources. For example, the FD UE 336 may communicate simultaneously with the first HD BS 352 via UL 334 and with the second HD BS 354 via DL 356. The FD UE 336 may be susceptible to self-interference 336a from UL-DL operations. In one example, both UE1 336 and UE2 308 are configured as full-duplex UEs and full-duplex communication via a device-to-device (D2D) sidelink (e.g., PC5) may be possible.

[0053] In addition to supporting various FD communication modes (also referred to as deployments in this specification), the wireless communication system may support various types of FD operations. In-band full-duplex (IBFD) is, for example, a type of FD operation in which a device can transmit and receive simultaneously and on the same frequency resource. As shown at 410 in FIG. 4A, in one aspect, the DL and UL may fully share the same IBFD time / frequency resource (e.g., there may be a complete overlap of the DL allocation and the UL allocation within the IBFD time / frequency resource). As shown at 420 in FIG. 4A, in one aspect, the DL and UL may partially share the same IBFD time / frequency resource (e.g., there may be a partial overlap of the DL allocation and the UL allocation within the IBFD time / frequency resource).

[0054] Sub-band FDD (also referred to as flexible duplexing) is another type of FD operation in which a device can transmit and receive simultaneously but on different frequency resources. Referring to FIG. 4B at 430, the DL resource may be separated from the UL resource in the frequency domain by a guard band 432. This mode of operation reduces the self-interference cancellation requirements for the FD device since there is less leakage.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 5 and further to FIGS. 1 - 4B, an exemplary spectrum 500 for a full-duplex base station and half-duplex mobile devices is shown. In some aspects, there may be flexible DL / UL operation over time (across slots and within slots) and across multiple UEs. FIG. 5 shows an exemplary use of time / frequency resources for an FD BS 502 (e.g., a gNB) and multiple HD UEs (e.g., UE1, UE2, and UE3). As shown in spectrum 500, there may be simultaneous PDSCH grants and PUSCH grants for the same subframe / slot (for different UEs).

[0056] Referring to FIG. 6 and further to FIGS. 1-5, an exemplary spectrum 600 for full-duplex base stations and full-duplex mobile devices is shown. FIG. 6 shows another exemplary use of time / frequency resources for an FD BS 602 and an FD UE. As shown in spectrum 600, compared with the spectrum 500 in FIG. 5, there can be simultaneous PDSCH grants and PUSCH grants for the same subframe / slot for the same UE (e.g., UE2) and / or different UEs. For example, for an FD UE (e.g., UE2), there can be simultaneous UL grants and DL grants.

[0057] Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, an exemplary DL-PRS resource set is shown. Generally, a DL-PRS resource set is a set of PRS resources over one base station (e.g., a TRP) having the same period, a common muting pattern configuration, and the same repetition factor over slots. The first DL-PRS resource set 702 includes four resources and a repetition factor of four, with a time gap equal to one slot. The second DL-PRS resource set 704 includes four resources and a repetition factor of four, with a time gap equal to four slots. The repetition factor indicates the number of times each PRS resource is repeated in each single instance of the PRS resource set (e.g., values of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32). The time gap represents the offset in slot units between two repeated instances of the DL PRS resource corresponding to the same PRS resource ID within a single instance of the DL PRS resource set (e.g., values of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32). The duration spanned by one DL PRS resource set including repeated DL PRS resources does not exceed the PRS period. The repetition of the DL PRS resources enables receiver beam sweeping and RF gain combining over the repetition to expand coverage. The repetition may also enable in-instance muting.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 8, an exemplary subframe and slot format for positioning reference signal transmission is shown. The exemplary subframe and slot format is included in the DL-PRS resource set shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The subframe and slot format of FIG. 8 are examples and not limitations, and include Com2 format 802 having 2 symbols, Com4 format 804 having 4 symbols, Com2 format 806 having 12 symbols, Com4 format 808 having 12 symbols, Com6 format 810 having 6 symbols, Com12 format 812 having 12 symbols, Com2 format 814 having 6 symbols, and Com6 format 816 having 12 symbols. Generally, a subframe may include 14 symbol periods having indices from 0 to 13. The subframe and slot format may be used for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH). Typically, a base station may transmit PRS from antenna port 6 on one or more slots in each subframe configured for PRS transmission. The base station may avoid transmitting PRS on resource elements allocated to the PBCH, the primary synchronization signal (PSS), or the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), regardless of those antenna ports. A cell may generate a reference symbol for PRS based on the cell ID, symbol period index, and slot index. Generally, a UE may be able to distinguish PRS from different cells.

[0059] The base station may transmit DL PRS on a specific PRS bandwidth that may be configured by a higher layer. The base station may transmit PRS on subcarriers spaced apart across the PRS bandwidth. The base station may also have a PRS period T PRS , a subframe offset Δ PRS , and a PRS duration N PRSThe PRS can be transmitted based on parameters such as these. The PRS period is the period at which the PRS is transmitted. The PRS period can be, for example, 160, 320, 640, or 1280 ms. The subframe offset indicates the specific subframe in which the PRS is transmitted. Also, the PRS duration indicates the number of consecutive subframes that the PRS is transmitted in each period (PRS opportunity) of PRS transmission. The PRS duration can be, for example, 1, 2, 4, or 6 ms.

[0060] PRS period T PRS and subframe offset Δ PRS can be transmitted via the PRS configuration index I PRS The PRS configuration index and the PRS duration can be configured independently by the upper layer. The set of N PRS consecutive subframes in which the PRS is transmitted may be called a PRS opportunity. Each PRS opportunity may be enabled or muted. For example, the UE may apply a muting bit to each cell. As described, the muting pattern can be applied to PRS transmission in full-duplex slots. A PRS resource set is a set of PRS resources across base stations that have the same period, a common muting pattern configuration, and the same repetition factor over slots (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32 slots).

[0061] In one example, the positioning frequency layer can be a set of PRS resource sets across one or more base stations. The positioning frequency layer can have the same subcarrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP) type, the same point A, the same value of DL PRS bandwidth, the same starting PRB, and the same value of comb size. The numerology supported for PDSCH is supported for PRS.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 9, an exemplary spectrum 900 for sub-band full-duplex positioning reference signal (PRS) is shown. Spectrum 900 is an exemplary use of the time / frequency resources of FD UEs, such as the full-duplex spectra 500, 600, etc. with PRS resources added. For example, spectrum 900 includes a first DL PRS transmission 902, a second DL PRS transmission 904, and a third DL PRS transmission 906. The first DL PRS transmission 902 is performed during the downlink region and does not overlap with the uplink region (e.g., PUSCH). The second DL PRS transmission 904 overlaps with the uplink region. The third DL PRS transmission 906 is performed in the full-duplex slot but occupies only a portion of the DL bandwidth and is not considered to overlap with the uplink region.

[0063] In one example, BS110 or other resources in the wireless communication network 100 may configure PRS resources based on whether the slot is in a half-duplex (HD) region or a full-duplex (FD) region. The positioning frequency layer may be extended by including a field or other information element (IE) indicating the slot class (either HD or FD) information in the definition of the positioning frequency layer. The positioning frequency layer may include a set of PRS resource sets across one or more base stations (e.g., TRPs) having the same type of HD or FD slots. The network may configure PRS separately for FD operation and HD operation. For example, one positioning frequency layer may be configured for FD slots, and another positioning frequency layer may be provided for HD slots.

[0064] The PRS resources may be configured over a wide bandwidth and may span the HD region and the FD region. For example, the second DL PRS transmission 904 spans the DL and UL parts of a slot. In another example, the PRS resources may be configured at a smaller bandwidth, such as a third DL PRS transmission 906 separated from the UL part by a guard band. In one example, the FD UE may be configured to process a DL PRS transmission or a part of a DL PRS transmission that does not collide with the UL subband. For example, the FD UE may process the first, second, and third DL PRS transmissions 902, 904, 906 except any colliding subband parts (e.g., in the second DL PRS transmission 904). Processing the second DL PRS transmission 904 while excluding the colliding subband parts results in a valid correlation peak and enables position estimation. In one example, the processed part of the second DL PRS transmission 904 may correlate with the first DL PRS transmission 902 to generate a correlation peak.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 10, an exemplary spectrum 1000 for full-duplex positioning reference signal (PRS) transmission is shown. In one example, to avoid bandwidth part (BWP) switching delay, the DL PRS transmission can be configured and processed within the indicated resource bandwidth (BW) in the active BWP. The active DL BWP 1001 can span the active UL BWP 1006. The first resource BW 1002 and the second resource BW 1004 can be defined within the active DL BWP 1001. The second resource BW 1004 includes an independent set of frequency resources across the DL BWP 1001 (i.e., it is not continuous across the entire DL BWP 1001). The second resource BW 1004 includes frequencies outside the active UL BWP 1006. The resource BWs 1002, 1004 may be configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and the indication of the resource BW may be dynamic (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)-based). The first resource BW 1002 includes the first DL PRS transmission 1012, and a portion of the second resource BW 1004 includes the second DL PRS transmission 1008.

[0066] In one example, the UE can be configured based on its capabilities as an HD UE or an FD UE. The HD UE can be configured to process the first DL PRS transmission 1012 and skip the second DL reception / processing (i.e., PRS in the full-duplex region). The performance of the FD UE can vary based on the type of full-duplex operation. In one example, FIG. 10 shows an example of duplex operation where the active UL BWP 1006 can create a partial overlap between the UL resource BW and the DL resource BW. In one example, the DL PRS transmission is configured across the entire DL BWP 1001 and thus may overlap with the UL BWP 1006. In another example, as shown in FIG. 10, the second DL PRS transmission 1008 is configured only in a portion of the DL BWP 1001 and thus does not overlap with the UL BWP 1006. The remaining slots occupied by the second DL PRS transmission 1008 can be utilized for the PDSCH or other DL resources.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 11A and further to FIGS. 1 - 10, exemplary beam widths associated with HD PRS transmission and FD PRS transmission are shown. A base station (BS) 1102, such as BS110a, includes a plurality of antenna structures 1112 each comprising one or more antenna panels 1114a - b, each of which includes a plurality of antenna elements. In HD operation, BS1102 may utilize antenna panels 1114a - b for transmission or reception only. An increase in the number of antenna elements used for PRS transmission enables increased beamforming and a narrow beam width. In contrast, in FD operation, only a portion of the antenna elements in one or more of panels 1114a - b are used for transmission and the remaining portion of the antenna elements are used for reception. This is generally also referred to as split panel operation. As a result, BS1102 will have constraints on degrees of freedom and a reduced beamforming ability. The splitting of antenna elements for the transmit chain and receive chain during full - duplex operation also affects the beamforming ability of the mobile device.

[0068] During operation, when BS1102 and UE1104 are operating in HD mode, BS1102 may generate a DL PRS transmission having a first beam width 1106. UE1104 is an example of UE120 in FIG. 1. PRS measurement information (e.g., timing information) may be used to estimate the distance 1110 between BS1102 and UE1104. The location of UE1104 may be estimated within the common portion of the first beam width 1106 and the estimated distance 1110. The corresponding departure angle (AoD) measurement value and arrival angle (AoA) measurement value may also be based on the first beam width 1106. When BS1102 is in FD mode, the DL PRS transmission may have a second beam width 1108 due to the reduction of the transmit antenna elements in antenna panels 1114a - b. As shown, the second beam width 1108 is wider than the first beam width 1106, and the corresponding location estimate of UE1104 is less accurate. The wider beam width also affects the corresponding AoD measurement value and AoA measurement value. In addition, the self - interference to UE1104 caused by the simultaneous reception of DL PRS transmission and UL transmission from the base station (e.g., BS1102) may further reduce the accuracy of the obtained location estimate. The DL PRS transmission in FD mode may have an adverse effect on the accuracy of the location estimate of UE1104 and, thus, may be insufficient for some positioning applications.

[0069] The inaccuracy associated with the location estimate in the FD slot may be based on a combination of the reduced number of transmit antennas (e.g., wider beam width) and the SNR problem associated with self - interference to the receiving UE communicating actively via the UL BWP. The self - interference can be mitigated with a sufficient guard band between the DL BWP and the UL BWP. Thus, the estimated location based on transmission in an FD slot with a large guard band may be more accurate than the estimated location generated in an FD slot with a smaller guard band.

[0070] In one embodiment, the inaccuracy associated with the FD PRS measurement can be mitigated by removing support for DL PRS transmission in the FD slot. In one example, the PRS muting pattern can be configured to mute DL PRS transmission in the FD slot. That is, referring to FIG. 9, the PRS resource set may include a muting pattern for muting the second DL PRS transmission 904 and the third DL PRS transmission 906 since these transmissions are within the FD slot. In another example, only the DL PRS transmissions that overlap with the UL region in the FD slot can be muted (e.g., only the second DL PRS transmission 904 is muted). The muting pattern can also be configured to minimize the impact of self-interference on BS1102 and UE1104 caused by the DL PRS transmission.

[0071] In one embodiment, the reduced accuracy associated with the position estimate obtained during the FD slot can be considered and reported. For example, if the AoA / AoD accuracy requirement is not applied in the FD slot, the position accuracy requirement can be defined for each antenna configuration at BS1102 and UE1104. In one example, the AoA / AoD accuracy requirement may vary depending on the measurements obtained in the FD slot and the HD slot (e.g., may have separate tables or accuracy parameters). UE1104 and / or BS1102 can report whether the measurements were obtained using the FD slot (or during other split antenna panel operations that can affect beamforming and the corresponding position accuracy). A network server (not shown in FIG. 11A) can utilize the reported information to determine whether the corresponding position estimate meets the required accuracy. For example, the E911 procedure can exclude the position estimate based on such FD measurements.

[0072] In one embodiment, when the position estimate is based on measurements taken during the FD slots, UE1104 or BS1102 may be configured to report whether the DL PRS transmission overlapped with an active UL transmission from UE1104. For example, referring to FIG. 10, if the DL PRS transmission occupies the entire DL BWP1001 and at the same time the UE is transmitting in UL BWP1006, the power of the DL PRS transmission will overlap with the UL transmission. In this case, UE1104 may be configured to generate a bitmap having DL PRS transmissions of the same length in the time domain, where each bit indicates whether there was an overlap with a UL symbol. The bitmap may be included in the message reporting the PRS measurement values. In one example, UE1104 may use a flag (e.g., 1 bit) in the PRS measurement message to report that there was an overlap at some point during the DL PRS transmission. In one example, the DL PRS transmission may be included in a DL BWP separated from the UL BWP by a sufficient frequency gap (i.e., guard band). The frequency gap may be sufficient to reduce the impact of self-interference on UE1104 that is caused when UE1104 is transmitting during the reception of the DL PRS transmission.

[0073] Referring to FIG. 11B and further to FIG. 11A, an exemplary positioning message flow between a base station 1102 and a mobile device (i.e., UE 1104) is shown. The base station 1102 can be a gNB configured to communicate with a communication network such as a 5G NR network (not shown in FIG. 11B). The communication network can include one or more servers such as a Location Management Function (LMF) configured to communicate with the BS 1102 and the UE 1104. In one example, the LMF can communicate with the BS 1102 using a New Radio Positioning Protocol A (sometimes called NPPa or NRPPa) defined in 3GPP™ Technical Specification (TS) 38.455. NRPPa can be the same as, similar to, or an extension of the LTE Positioning Protocol A (LPPa) defined in 3GPP™ TS 36.455, and NRPPa messages are transferred between the BS 1102 and the LMF. In one example, the LMF and the UE 1104 can communicate using the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) defined in 3GPP™ TS 36.355. The LMF and the UE 1104 can also, or instead, communicate using a New Radio Positioning Protocol (sometimes called NPP or NRPP) that can be the same as, similar to, or an extension of LPP. LPP messages and / or NPP messages can be transferred between the UE 1104 and the LMF via the serving BS 1102. For example, the LPP messages and / or NPP messages can be transferred between the LMF and other network servers such as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) using the 5G Location Service Application Protocol (LCS AP), and can be transferred between the AMF and the UE 1104 using the 5G Non-Access Stratum (NAS) protocol. Other messages and protocols can also be used for communication between the UE 1104, the BS 1102, and / or the communication network.

[0074] The LPP message or NPP message sent from the communication network to UE1104 via BS1102 may instruct UE1104 to perform various actions according to the desired function. For example, the positioning request message 1120 with accuracy requirements may instruct UE1104 to obtain one or more measurement quantities (e.g., beam ID, beam width, average angle, RSTD, RSRP, RSRQ measurement values, slot duplex configuration) of the DL PRS transmitted within a specific cell supported by one or more base stations (e.g., BS1102, BS110a - c, etc.). The positioning request message 1120 with accuracy requirements may or may not include an indication of the accuracy requirements. In one example, the accuracy requirements may make it impossible to use the DL PRS in the FD slot due to the related beam width and self - interference problems described previously. In another example, the accuracy requirements may make it possible to use the DL PRS in the FD slot provided that there is sufficient guard band to reduce the inaccuracy caused by self - interference. In one example, the positioning request message 1120 may not include (or indicate a minimum requirement) the accuracy requirements that enable a position estimate based on the DL PRS measurement values in the FD slot.

[0075] In stage 1122, UE 1104 is configured to perform PRS measurements based on accuracy requirements (or non-requirements). For example, a weather application may only require a rough location (e.g., low-level accuracy) of the mobile device, and thus, a location estimate based on DL PRS measurement values in an FD slot may be sufficient. In another example, a location-based service search (i.e., finding a nearby restaurant) may require a medium level of accuracy that can be satisfied by a location estimate based on DL PRS measurement values in an FD slot with a guard band large enough (i.e., to reduce the impact of self-interference). Location-sensitive applications such as emergency location may require high accuracy and thus may render the use of DL PRS measurement values in an FD slot impossible. In such examples, UE 1104 may utilize DL PRS measurement values (e.g., the first DL PRS transmissions 902, 1012) in an HD slot or obtain an estimated location via other terrestrial or satellite-based techniques. Other accuracy requirements may be defined. For example, FD operation and HD operation may have separate tables for defining the required accuracy requirements for RSTD, OTDOA, AoA, and AoD.

[0076] UE 1104 may be configured to provide and return the PRS measurement values obtained in stage 1122 to the communication network in a PRS measurement message 1124 via BS 1102. For example, UE 1104 may send back the measurement quantity to BS 1102 via wireless communication and / or wired communication (e.g., an LPP message or an NPP message (e.g., inside a 5G NAS message)). In one example, BS 1102 may be configured to report to the LMF that the measurement has been performed using FD operation or other split-panel operations. In one example, UE 1104 may be configured to calculate a location estimate based on the PRS measurement values and provide the estimated location in the PRS measurement message 1124.

[0077] In one example, UE1104 may be configured to provide optional slot information to notify the LMF that the PRS measurement value is obtained from a DL PRS transmission that overlaps with an active UL transmission from UE1104. In one example, the slot information may be a bitmap having PRS of the same length in the time domain. Each bit may indicate whether there is an overlap with a UL symbol. In another example, the slot information may be a single bit (or other flag variable) indicating generally whether there is an overlap. The single bit may be used to reduce signaling overhead. In another example, if the active UL transmission has a sufficient frequency gap (e.g., guard band) from the DL PRS transmission, the slot information may be excluded from the PRS measurement message 1124. The slot information may be useful in scenarios where BS1102 does not know whether UE1104 is actually performing an active UL transmission (such as RACH or configured grant).

[0078] Referring to FIG. 12 and further to FIGS. 1-11B, a method 1200 for providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern includes the illustrated steps. However, method 1200 is merely an example and not limiting. Method 1200 may be modified, for example, by adding steps, deleting steps, rearranging steps, combining steps, executing steps simultaneously, and / or splitting a single step into multiple steps. For example, step 1206 is optional because the muting configuration may not be provided to the mobile device.

[0079] In stage 1202, the method includes the step of determining a full-duplex mode including a plurality of full-duplex slots. BS1102 is the means for determining the full-duplex mode. The communication network can be configured for a full-duplex mode including a frame having slots configured for simultaneous DL operation and UL operation. BS1102 can be configured based on the full-duplex mode to align the transmission chain and the reception chain based on the full-duplex slot plan. Full-duplex slots, such as those shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, include a period during which BS1102 can transmit on the DL resource and receive on the UL resource simultaneously.

[0080] In stage 1204, the method includes the step of determining a positioning reference signal muting pattern based at least in part on the full-duplex slots. BS1102 is the means for determining the positioning reference signal muting pattern. The positioning frequency layer can include a set of PRS resource sets. Generally, a DL-PRS resource set is a set of PRS resources for one base station (e.g., a TRP) having the same period, a common muting pattern configuration, and the same repetition factor across slots. BS1102 or another network server can be configured to align the muting pattern with the full-duplex slots so that DL PRS transmissions are not sent during the full-duplex slots in which they are scheduled. For example, the output power of DL PRS transmissions during the full-duplex slots is significantly reduced. Generally, muting DL PRS transmissions provides the advantage of reducing self-interference to BS1102 and thus can help the SNR of the received UL signal. In one example, full-duplex slots including a sufficient (e.g., sufficient to reduce self-interference) guard band may not be muted.

[0081] In stage 1206, the method optionally includes providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern to the mobile device. BS1102 is a means for providing the muting pattern. In one example, parameters in a PRS resource set, including the muting pattern, can be provided to UE1104 via RRC signaling or other messaging protocols. UE1104 may also receive a slot plan associated with the full-duplex mode. In one example, UE1104 may explicitly be aware of the muting pattern based on the PRS resource information. In another example, UE1104 may implicitly infer that DL PRS is muted in full-duplex slots and that no UL PRS should be transmitted in full-duplex slots.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 13 and further to FIG. 10, a method 1300 for muting a positioning reference signal based on a full-duplex schedule includes the illustrated stages. However, method 1300 is merely an example and is not limiting. Method 1300 can be modified, for example, by adding, deleting, rearranging, combining, executing simultaneously, and / or splitting a single stage into multiple stages.

[0083] In stage 1302, the method includes determining a full-duplex schedule that includes a plurality of full-duplex slots. UE1104 is a means for determining the full-duplex schedule. UE1104 may receive slot information associated with the full-duplex mode from a base station (e.g., BS1102) via RRC signaling or other messaging protocols. The slot information may include an indication of which slots are configured for full-duplex operation.

[0084] In stage 1304, the method includes the step of muting the positioning reference signal based at least in part on the full-duplex slot. UE1104 is means for muting the reception of PRS transmissions. BS1102 may be configured to provide DL PRS transmissions (e.g., first DL PRS transmission 902) for half-duplex slots and DL PRS transmissions (e.g., second and third DL PRS transmissions 904, 906) for full-duplex slots. In one example, UE1104 may mute (i.e., not attempt to receive) the DL PRS transmission in the full-duplex slot (e.g., UE1104 does not process the second and third DL PRS transmissions 904, 906). In one example, UE1104 may be configured to mute only the DL PRS transmissions that occur when UE1104 itself is transmitting in the full-duplex slot. That is, UE1104 may be configured to receive the DL PRS transmission in that slot if UE1104 is not transmitting during the full-duplex slot.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 14 and further to FIG. 11B, a method 1400 for providing location information to a network server includes the illustrated stages. However, method 1400 is merely an example and is not limiting. Method 1400 may be changed, for example, by adding stages, deleting stages, rearranging stages, combining stages, performing stages simultaneously, and / or splitting a single stage into multiple stages.

[0086] In stage 1402, the method includes the step of determining the location information of the mobile device. BS1102 is means for determining the location information. BS1102 may be configured to receive PRS measurement information via a PRS measurement message 1124. The PRS measurement message 1124 may include an indication that the PRS measurements were obtained in a full-duplex slot or using other split-panel operations.

[0087] In step 1404, the method includes determining a dual-mode configuration associated with the location information. BS1102 is means for determining the dual-mode operation. BS1102 may parse data from the PRS measurement message 1124 indicating that PRS measurements were obtained in all dual slots, or may obtain it in other ways. For example, the PRS measurement message 1124 may include beam ID and / or timing information associated with a semi-dual slot or all dual slots. In one example, the PRS measurement message 1124 may include optional slot information indicating that DL PRS measurements overlapped with UL transmissions. In one example, UE1104 may be configured to generate a bitmap having DL PRS transmissions of the same length in the time domain, where each bit indicates whether there was an overlap with a UL symbol. The bitmap may be included in the PRS measurement message 1124. In another example, UE1104 may use a flag (e.g., 1 bit) in the PRS measurement message 1124 to report that there was an overlap at some point during the DL PRS transmission.

[0088] In step 1406, the method includes providing the location information and an indication of the dual-mode configuration to a server. BS1102 is means for providing the location information and the indication to the server. BS1102 may provide the received PRS measurement information, and additional fields, bits, or other information elements (IEs) to a networked server such as an LMF or an AMF. The additional IE may be configured to indicate to the server that the PRS measurement information is based on DL PRS measurements obtained by UE1104 in all dual slots. In one example, the PRS measurement information (including any slot information) and the additional IE may be included in an LPP message or an NPP message (e.g., inside a 5G NAS message).

[0089] Referring to FIG. 15A and further to FIG. 11B, a method 1500 for receiving location information from a mobile device includes the illustrated steps. However, method 1500 is merely an example and not limiting. Method 1500 can be changed, for example, by adding steps, deleting steps, rearranging steps, combining steps, executing steps simultaneously, and / or splitting a single step into multiple steps.

[0090] In step 1502, the method includes the step of providing a positioning request to the mobile device. BS1102 is a means for providing the positioning request. BS1102 can be configured to send an LPP message or an NPP message to UE1104. For example, a positioning request message 1120 with accuracy requirements can command UE1104 to obtain one or more measurements (e.g., beam ID, beam width, average angle, RSTD, RSRP, RSRQ measurements, slot dual configuration) of one or more DL PRSs transmitted within a specific cell supported by one or more base stations (e.g., BS1102, BS110a - c, etc.). The positioning request message 1120 with accuracy requirements may include an indication of the accuracy requirements. The accuracy requirements may or may not enable the use of DL PRS in all dual slots. In one example, the accuracy requirements may enable the use of DL PRS in all dual slots provided that there is sufficient guard band to reduce inaccuracies due to self - interference.

[0091] In stage 1504, the method includes the step of receiving positioning information and slot information from the mobile device. BS1102 is the means for receiving the location information. UE1104 may be configured to provide positioning information such as PRS measurements to BS1102 in a PRS measurement message 1124. For example, UE1104 may send the measurement quantity to BS1102 in an LPP message or an NPP message (e.g., inside a 5G NAS message). In one example, UE1104 may be configured to calculate a position estimate based on the PRS measurements, and the positioning information may be the estimated position calculated by the UE. UE1104 may provide optional slot information when the PRS measurements are obtained from DL PRS transmissions that overlap with active UL transmissions from UE1104. The slot information may be a bitmap having PRS of the same length in the time domain, or a single bit (or other flag variable) indicating that there was an overlap.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 15B and further to FIG. 11B, a method 1520 for providing location information to a base station includes the illustrated stages. However, method 1520 is only an example and is not limiting. Method 1520 may be changed, for example, by adding stages, deleting stages, reordering stages, combining stages, executing stages simultaneously, and / or splitting a single stage into multiple stages. For example, stage 1530 may be optional because slot information may not be required when DL and UL transmissions do not overlap.

[0093] In stage 1522, the method includes the step of receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from a base station. UE1104 is means for receiving the positioning request. UE1104 may receive a positioning request message 1120 with an accuracy requirement in an LPP message or an NPP message sent from BS1102. In one example, the positioning request may include assistance data to enable UE1104 to obtain one or more measurements (e.g., beam ID, beam width, average angle, RSTD, RSRP, RSRQ measurements, slot dual configuration) of DL PRS transmitted within a specific cell supported by one or more base stations (e.g., BS1102, BS110a - c, etc.). The accuracy requirement may be based on application requirements associated with the positioning request. For example, high accuracy may be applied when a specific location is required (e.g., within 200 m), medium - level accuracy may be applied when an approximate location is required (e.g., within 1000 m), and low - level accuracy may be applied when a rough location is required (e.g., within 2000 m). Since the specific distances may vary based on the capabilities of the communication network, the accuracy requirements are only examples and not limitations.

[0094] In stage 1524, the method includes the step of determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on accuracy requirements. UE1104 is means for determining positioning reference signal transmissions. The first DL PRS transmission 902, the second DL PRS transmission 904, the third DL PRS transmission 906, the first DL PRS transmission 1012, and the second DL PRS transmission 1008 are examples of positioning reference signal transmissions. High accuracy requirements may render the use of DL PRS transmissions in full-duplex slots impossible because the specific location of UE1104 may not be achieved based on beamwidth increase and self-interference associated with full-duplex operation. Intermediate-level accuracy requirements may be based on DL PRS transmissions in full-duplex slots provided that there is sufficient frequency separation (e.g., guard band) between the DL BWP and the UL BWP in the full-duplex slot. The frequency separation may reduce self-interference and improve the accuracy of the position estimate. Low-level accuracy requirements may be based on DL PRS transmissions in full-duplex slots regardless of the size of the guard band. For example, an in-band full-duplex slot may include overlapping DL and UL transmissions. UE1104 may be configured to utilize a semi-duplex slot or a full-duplex slot based on the accuracy requirements for obtaining a position measurement. In one example, the assistance data in the positioning request may include an indication of the slot that UE1104 utilizes to obtain a position measurement.

[0095] In stage 1526, the method includes the step of obtaining position measurement information based on one or more positioning reference signal transmissions. UE1104 is means for obtaining position measurement information. UE1104 is configured to perform PRS measurements using the positioning reference slot determined in stage 1524. The position measurement may include RSSI, RTT, AOA, AOD, TOA, RSTD, RSRQ, and / or RSRQ information based on signals from BS1102 and neighboring stations.

[0096] In step 1528, the method includes the step of providing location measurement information to the base station. UE1104 is a means for providing location measurement information. UE1104 may be configured to provide the PRS measurements obtained in step 1526 back to the communication network in a PRS measurement message 1124 via BS1102. For example, UE1104 may send the measurement quantity in an LPP message or an NPP message (e.g., inside a 5G NAS message). In one example, UE1104 may be configured to report that the PRS measurements were obtained using full-duplex operation or other split-panel operation. In one example, UE1104 may be configured to calculate a location estimate based on the PRS measurements and provide the estimated location in the PRS measurement message 1124.

[0097] In step 1530, the method may optionally include the step of providing slot information to the base station. UE1104 is a means for providing slot information. UE1104 may provide slot information in the PRS measurement message 1124 to notify BS1102 and the associated communication network that the PRS measurements were obtained from DL PRS transmissions that overlapped with active UL transmissions from UE1104. The slot information may be in the form of a bitmap of PRS of the same length in the time domain. Each bit may indicate whether there was an overlap with a UL symbol. The slot information may be a single bit (or other flag variable) indicating whether there was an overlap. The single bit may be used to reduce signaling overhead. If the active UL transmission had a sufficient frequency gap (e.g., a guard band) from the DL PRS transmission, the slot information may be excluded from the PRS measurement message 1124.

[0098] The computer system shown in FIG. 16 can be incorporated as part of the computerized devices described above, such as BS110, 1102, UE120, 1104, and network controller 130. Computer system 1600 can be configured to execute methods provided by various other embodiments, as described herein, and / or can function as a networked server, mobile device, and / or computer system. FIG. 16 is only intended to provide a generalized illustration of various components, and it should be noted that any or all of those components can be utilized as appropriate. Thus, FIG. 16 broadly shows how individual system elements can be implemented in a relatively separated manner or a relatively more integrated manner.

[0099] A computer system 1600 is shown that includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled (or communicate in any other suitable manner as appropriate) via bus 1605. The hardware elements can include one or more processors 1610, including but not limited to one or more general-purpose processors and / or one or more dedicated processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics acceleration processors, etc.), one or more input devices 1615 that can include, but are not limited to, a mouse, keyboard, etc., and one or more output devices 1620 that can include, but are not limited to, a display device, printer, etc.

[0100] Computer system 1600 may further include (and / or communicate with) one or more non-transitory memory devices 1625. The non-transitory memory devices 1625 may include, without limitation, local storage and / or network-accessible storage, and / or may include solid-state memory devices such as, without limitation, random access memory (“RAM”) and / or read-only memory (“ROM”) that may be, for example, a disk drive, an array of drives, an optical memory device, programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such memory devices may be configured to implement any suitable data store, including, without limitation, various file systems, database structures, and the like.

[0101] Computer system 1600 may also include a communication subsystem 1630, which may include, without limitation, a modem, a network card (wireless or wired), an infrared communication device, a wireless communication device, and / or a chipset (such as a Bluetooth® device, an 802.11 device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, cellular communication equipment, etc.). The communication subsystem 1630 may enable data to be exchanged with a network, other computer systems, and / or any other devices described herein. In many embodiments, computer system 1600 will further include a working memory 1635 that can include a RAM device or a ROM device, as described above.

[0102] The computer system 1600 can also include software elements, shown as currently located within the working memory 1635, which can include other code such as an operating system 1640, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or one or more application programs 1645, where the application programs 1645 can include computer programs provided by various embodiments and / or, as described herein, can be designed to implement methods provided by other embodiments and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments. By way of example only, one or more of the procedures described with respect to the methods described above may be implemented as code and / or instructions executable by a computer (and / or a processor within the computer), and in one aspect, such code and / or instructions can then be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the methods described.

[0103] These sets of instructions and / or code can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium such as the storage device 1625 described above. In some cases, the storage medium can be incorporated within a computer system such as system 1600. In other embodiments, the storage medium can be separate from the computer system (e.g., a removable medium such as a compact disk) and / or provided in an installation package so that the storage medium can be used to program, configure, and / or adapt a general-purpose computer using the instructions / code stored thereon. These instructions can take the form of executable code executable by computer system 1600 and / or can take the form of source and / or installable code, which then takes the form of executable code upon compilation and / or installation on computer system 1600 (using, for example, any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression / decompression utilities, etc.).

[0104] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that substantial variations may be made in accordance with specific requirements. For example, customized hardware may be used and / or certain elements may be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both. Further, connections to other computing devices such as network input / output devices may be employed.

[0105] As described above, in one aspect, some embodiments may employ a computer system (such as computer system 1600) to perform methods according to various embodiments of the present invention. According to a set of embodiments, some or all of the steps of such methods are performed by computer system 1600 in response to execution of one or more sequences of one or more instructions (which may be incorporated into other code such as operating system 1640 and / or application program 1645) included in working memory 1635 by processor 1610. Such instructions may be read into working memory 1635 from another computer-readable medium, such as one or more of storage devices 1625. By way of example only, execution of a sequence of instructions included in working memory 1635 may cause processor 1610 to perform one or more steps of the methods described herein.

[0106] As used herein, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any medium that participates in providing data that causes a machine to operate in a particular fashion. In one implementation implemented using computer system 1600, various computer-readable media may be involved in providing instructions / code to processor 1610 for execution and / or may be used to store and / or carry such instructions / code (e.g., as a signal). In many implementations, the computer-readable medium is a physical and / or tangible storage medium. Such media can take many forms, including but not limited to non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical disks and / or magnetic disks such as storage device 1625. Volatile media includes, but is not limited to, dynamic memory such as working memory 1635. Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that make up bus 1605, and various components of communication subsystem 1630 (and / or the media by which communication subsystem 1630 provides communication with other devices). Thus, transmission media can also take the form of waves (including but not limited to radio waves, acoustic waves, and / or light waves such as those generated between radio data communication and infrared data communication).

[0107] Common forms of physical and / or tangible computer-readable media include, for example, floppy disks, flexible disks, hard disks, magnetic tape, or any other magnetic medium, CD-ROM, any other optical medium, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, RAM, PROM, EPROM, FLASH®-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described below, or any other medium from which a computer can read instructions and / or code.

[0108] Various forms of computer-readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to the processor 1610 for execution. By way of example only, the instructions may first be carried on a magnetic disk and / or optical disk of a remote computer. The remote computer may load the instructions into its dynamic memory and send them via a transmission medium as signals that are to be received and / or executed by the computer system 1600. These signals, which can be in the form of electromagnetic signals, acoustic signals, optical signals, etc., are all examples of carrier waves on which instructions can be encoded according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0109] The communication subsystem 1630 (and / or its components) generally receives signals, and then the bus 1605 may carry the signals (and / or data, instructions, etc. carried by the signals) to the working memory 1635, and the processor 1605 may retrieve and execute instructions from the working memory 1635. The instructions received from the working memory 1635 may optionally be stored on the storage device 1625 either before or after execution by the processor 1610.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 17, a schematic diagram of a mobile device 1700 according to an embodiment is shown. The UE 120 shown in FIG. 1 and the UE 1104 shown in FIG. 11 may include one or more features of the mobile device 1700 shown in FIG. 17. In some embodiments, the mobile device 1700 may comprise a wireless transceiver 1721 capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals 1723 via a wireless antenna 1722 over a wireless communication network. The wireless transceiver 1721 and the wireless antenna 1722 may include a plurality of transceivers and antennas and may be configured for full-duplex operation. The wireless transceiver 1721 may be connected to the bus 1701 by a wireless transceiver bus interface 1720. The wireless transceiver bus interface 1720 may be at least partially integrated with the wireless transceiver 1721 in some embodiments. Some embodiments may include a plurality of wireless transceivers 1721 and wireless antennas 1722 to enable transmission and / or reception of signals in full-duplex or half-duplex mode according to corresponding multiple wireless communication standards, such as, for example, versions of the IEEE 802.11 standard, CDMA, WCDMA®, LTE, UMTS, GSM, AMPS, Zigbee, Bluetooth®, and 5G or NR radio interfaces defined by 3GPP®. In a particular implementation, the wireless transceiver 1721 may receive and acquire a downlink signal including a terrestrial positioning signal such as a DL PRS. For example, the wireless transceiver 1721 may process the acquired terrestrial positioning signal sufficiently to enable detection of the timing of the acquired terrestrial positioning signal.

[0111] The mobile device 1700 may include an SPS receiver 1755 capable of receiving and acquiring an SPS signal 1759 via an SPS antenna 1752 (which may be the same as antenna 1722 in some embodiments). The SPS receiver 1755 may process all or part of the acquired SPS signal 1759 to estimate the location of the mobile device 1700. One or more general-purpose processors 1711, a memory 1740, one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) 1712, and / or a dedicated processor (not shown) may cooperate with the SPS receiver 1755 to process all or part of the acquired SPS signal and / or to calculate the estimated location of the mobile device 1700. The storage of measurements of these signals for use in performing storage or positioning operations of SPS, TPS, or other signals (e.g., signals acquired from the wireless transceiver 1721) may be performed in the memory 1740 or a register (not shown). The general-purpose processor 1711, the memory 1740, the DSP 1712, and / or the dedicated processor may provide or support a location engine for use in processing measurements to estimate the location of the mobile device 1700. For example, the general-purpose processor 1711 or the DSP 1712 may process the downlink signal acquired by the wireless transceiver 1721 to perform measurements such as RSSI, RTT, AOA, TOA, RSTD, RSRQ, and / or RSRQ.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 17, DSP 1712 and general-purpose processor 1711 may be connected to memory 1740 through bus 1701. A specific bus interface (not shown) may be integrated with DSP 1712, general-purpose processor 1711, and memory 1740. In various embodiments, the functions may be performed in response to the execution of one or more machine-readable instructions stored in memory 1740, such as on a computer-readable storage medium such as RAM, ROM, FLASH (registered trademark), or a disk drive, to name just a few. The one or more instructions may be executable by general-purpose processor 1711, a dedicated processor, or DSP 1712. Memory 1740 may include non-transitory processor-readable memory and / or computer-readable memory that stores software code (programming code, instructions, etc.) executable by processor 1711 and / or DSP 1712 to perform the functions described herein.

[0113] Also, as shown in FIG. 17, the user interface 1735 can include any one of several devices, such as, for example, a speaker, a microphone, a display device, a vibration device, a keyboard, a touch screen, etc. In a particular implementation, the user interface 1735 can enable a user to interact with one or more applications hosted on the mobile device 1700. For example, the device of the user interface 1735 can store analog signals and / or digital signals on the memory 1740 to be further processed by the DSP 1712 or the general-purpose processor 1711 in response to an action from the user. Similarly, an application hosted on the mobile device 1700 can store an analog signal or a digital signal on the memory 1740 to present an output signal to the user. The mobile device 1700 can optionally include a dedicated audio input / output (I / O) device 1770 that includes, for example, a dedicated speaker, a microphone, a digital-to-analog circuit configuration, an analog-to-digital circuit configuration, an amplifier, and / or gain control. This is merely an example of how audio I / O can be implemented in a mobile device, and the claimed subject matter is not limited to this aspect. The mobile device 1700 can include a touch sensor 1762 or a touch screen device that responds to touching the keyboard or pressure on the keyboard.

[0114] The mobile device 1700 may include a dedicated camera device 1764 for capturing still images or videos. The camera device 1764 may include, for example, an imaging sensor (e.g., a charge-coupled device or a CMOS imager), a lens, an analog-digital circuit configuration, and a frame buffer, to name just a few. Additional processing, conditioning, encoding, and / or compression of the signal representing the captured image may be performed in the general-purpose / application processor 1711 and / or the DSP 1712. A dedicated video processor 1768 may perform conditioning, encoding, compression, or manipulation of the signal representing the captured image. The video processor 1768 may decode / decompress the stored image data for presentation on a display device (not shown) on the mobile device 1700.

[0115] The mobile device 1700 may also include sensors 1760 coupled to a bus 1701, which may include, for example, inertial sensors and environmental sensors. The inertial sensors among the sensors 1760 may include, for example, an accelerometer (which responds collectively to the acceleration of the mobile device 1700, for example, in three dimensions), one or more gyroscopes, or one or more magnetometers (for supporting, for example, one or more compass applications). The environmental sensors of the mobile device 1700 may include, for example, a temperature sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, an ambient light sensor, a camera imager, and a microphone, to name just a few. The sensors 1760 may generate analog signals and / or digital signals that support one or more applications, such as applications directed to positioning or navigation operations, and are stored in the memory 1740 and processed by the DSP 1712 or the general-purpose / application processor 1711.

[0116] Mobile device 1700 may include a dedicated modem processor 1766 capable of performing baseband processing of signals received and down-converted in wireless transceiver 1721 or SPS receiver 1755. Modem processor 1766 may perform baseband processing of signals to be up-converted for transmission by wireless transceiver 1721. In an alternative implementation, rather than having a dedicated modem processor, baseband processing may be performed by a general-purpose processor or DSP (e.g., general-purpose / application processor 1711 or DSP 1712). These are merely examples of structures capable of performing baseband processing, and the claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect.

[0117] Referring also to FIG. 18, an example of the TRP1800 of BS110a - c includes a computing platform comprising a processor 1810, a memory 1811 including software (SW) 1812, a transceiver 1815, and (optionally) an SPS receiver 1817. The processor 1810, the memory 1811, the transceiver 1815, and the SPS receiver 1817 can be communicatively coupled to each other by a bus 1820 (e.g., which can be configured for optical communication and / or electrical communication). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., the wireless interface and / or the SPS receiver 1817) can be omitted from the TRP1800. The SPS receiver 1817 can be configured similarly to the SPS receiver 1755 such that it can receive and acquire an SPS signal 1860 via an SPS antenna 1862. The processor 1810 can include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application - specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor 1810 can comprise a plurality of processors (e.g., including a general - purpose / application processor, a DSP, a modem processor, a video processor, and / or a sensor processor as shown in FIG. 4). The memory 1811 is a non - transitory storage medium that can include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk memory, and / or read - only memory (ROM), etc. The memory 1811 stores software 1812, which can be processor - readable processor - executable software code including instructions configured to cause the processor 1810 to perform the various functions described herein when executed. Alternatively, the software 1812 may not be directly executable by the processor 1810, but can be configured to cause the processor 1810 to perform functions when, for example, compiled and executed. This description may sometimes refer only to the processor 1810 performing functions, which includes other implementations such as the processor 1810 executing software and / or firmware.This description may refer to the processor 1810 performing functions as an abbreviation for one or more of the processors included in the processor 1810 performing the functions. This description may refer to the TRP1800 performing functions as an abbreviation for one or more appropriate components of the TRP1800 (and thus of one of BS110a - c) performing the functions. The processor 1810 may include a memory with stored instructions in addition to and / or instead of the memory 1811. The functions of the processor 1810 are more fully described below.

[0118] Transceiver 1815 may include a wireless transceiver 1840 and a wired transceiver 1850, each configured to communicate with other devices through wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 1840 may transmit and / or receive wireless signal 1848 (e.g., on one or more uplink channels) and / or (e.g., on one or more downlink channels), and may include a transmitter 1842 and a receiver 1844 coupled to one or more antennas 1846 for converting signals from wireless signal 1848 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signal 1848. Thus, transmitter 1842 may include multiple transmitters, which may be individual components or composite / integrated components, and / or receiver 1844 may include multiple receivers, which may be individual components or composite / integrated components. Wireless transceiver 1840 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with UE 1104, one or more other UEs, and / or one or more other devices) according to various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (R) (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP (R) LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE802.11 (including IEEE802.11p), WiFi, WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth (R), Zigbee, etc. Wired transceiver 1850 may include, for example, a transmitter 1852 and a receiver 1854 configured for wired communication with, for example, network controller 130, for sending communications to network controller 130 and receiving communications from network controller 130.The transmitter 1852 may include a plurality of transmitters, which may be individual components or composite / integrated components, and / or the receiver 1854 may include a plurality of receivers, which may be individual components or composite / integrated components. The wired transceiver 1850 may be configured for, for example, optical communication and / or electrical communication.

[0119] The configuration of the TRP 1800 shown in FIG. 18 is an example of the present invention including the claims and is not limiting, and other configurations may be used. For example, the description herein describes how the TRP 1800 is configured to perform some functions or performs some functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by the computer system 1600 and / or the UE 1104 (i.e., the UE 1104 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0120] The methods, systems, and devices described above are examples. Various configurations may appropriately omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components. For example, in an alternative configuration, the method may be performed in a different order than described, and / or various steps may be added, omitted, and / or combined. Also, features described with respect to some configurations may be combined in various other configurations. Different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Also, technology evolves, and thus many of the elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure or the claims.

[0121] Specific details are given in the description to provide a complete understanding of the exemplary configurations (including implementation forms). However, the configurations can be practiced without these specific details. For example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques are shown without unnecessary details to avoid obscuring the configurations. This description provides only exemplary configurations and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configurations provides those skilled in the art with an explanation that enables the implementation of the described techniques. Various changes may be made to the functions and configurations of the elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure.

[0122] Also, the configuration may be described as a process shown as a flowchart or block diagram. Although a flowchart or block diagram may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may have additional steps not included in the figures. Further, examples of the method may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, a hardware description language, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, the program code or code segments for performing the necessary tasks may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a storage medium. The processor may execute the described tasks.

[0123] Although some exemplary configurations have been described, various modifications, alternative configurations, and equivalents may be used without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. For example, the above elements may be components of a larger system, and other rules may take precedence over the application examples of the present invention or modify the application examples of the present invention in other ways. Also, some steps may be taken before, during, or after the above elements are considered. Therefore, the above description does not limit the claims.

[0124] Examples of implementation forms are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0125] 1. A method for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station, comprising: receiving, at the mobile device, a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station; determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement; obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions; and providing the position measurement information to the base station. A method including the above steps.

[0126] 2. The method according to clause 1, wherein one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is within a half-duplex slot.

[0127] 3. The method according to clause 1, wherein one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is within a full-duplex slot.

[0128] 4. The method according to clause 1, wherein the position measurement information includes a reference signal time difference measurement value.

[0129] 5. The method according to clause 1, wherein the position measurement information includes an RSSI measurement value or an RTT measurement value.

[0130] 6. The method according to clause 1, wherein the downlink positioning measurement value is obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with an uplink transmission from the mobile device.

[0131] 7. The method according to clause 6, wherein one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0132] 8. The method according to clause 7, further comprising providing slot information to the base station based on the overlap between one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0133] 9. The method of clause 8, wherein the slot information includes a bitmap based on one or more symbols among the duplicates.

[0134] 10. The method of clause 8, wherein the slot information includes a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the presence of duplicates.

[0135] 11. A method for providing location information of a mobile device to a server, comprising: determining the location information of the mobile device; determining a dual-mode configuration associated with the location information; and providing an indication of the location information and the dual-mode configuration to the server.

[0136] 12. The method of clause 11, wherein the step of determining the location information includes receiving the location information from the mobile device in a wireless signal.

[0137] 13. The method of clause 11, wherein the step of determining the dual-mode configuration includes receiving an indication of the dual-mode configuration from the mobile device in a wireless signal.

[0138] 14. The method of clause 13, wherein the indication of the dual-mode configuration includes a beam identification value.

[0139] 15. The method of clause 13, wherein the indication of the dual-mode configuration includes slot information indicating that downlink positioning measurements were obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with an uplink transmission from the mobile device.

[0140] 16. The method of clause 15, wherein one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurements overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0141] 17. The method of clause 16, wherein the slot information is based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurements and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission. ​

[0142] 18. The method of clause 17, wherein the slot information includes a bitmap based on one or more symbols among the duplicates.

[0143] 19. The method of clause 17, wherein the slot information includes a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the presence of duplicates.

[0144] 20. The method of clause 11, wherein the step of providing an indication of a dual mode configuration includes a step of indicating that the location information has been obtained in all dual slots.

[0145] 21. The method of clause 11, wherein the step of providing an indication of a dual mode configuration includes a step of indicating that the location information has been obtained from a base station operating in split panel mode.

[0146] 22. A method for providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern, comprising: determining a full-duplex scheme including a plurality of all-duplex slots; determining a positioning reference signal muting pattern based at least in part on the plurality of all-duplex slots; and providing the positioning reference signal muting pattern to a mobile device. The method includes.

[0147] 23. The method of clause 22, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signals of a plurality of all-duplex slots in a full-duplex scheme.

[0148] 24. The method of clause 22, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more in-band all-duplex slots in a full-duplex scheme, and the one or more in-band all-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission without a guard band.

[0149] 25. The positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signal in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by frequency separation that is insufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device, according to the method of clause 22.

[0150] 26. The positioning reference signal muting pattern excludes the positioning reference signal in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by frequency separation that is sufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device, according to the method of clause 22.

[0151] 27. An apparatus comprising a memory, one or more transceivers, and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the one or more transceivers, the processor being configured to receive a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from a base station via the one or more transceivers, determine one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, acquire position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and provide the position measurement information to the base station The apparatus is so configured.

[0152] 28. The apparatus of clause 27, wherein one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is in a half-duplex slot.

[0153] 29. The apparatus of clause 27, wherein one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is in a full-duplex slot.

[0154] 30. The apparatus of clause 27, wherein the position measurement information includes a reference signal time difference measurement value.

[0155] 31. The apparatus of clause 27, wherein the location measurement information includes RSSI measurement values or RTT measurement values.

[0156] 32. The apparatus of clause 27, wherein the downlink positioning measurement values are obtained using one or more transceivers simultaneously with an uplink transmission using one or more transceivers.

[0157] 33. The apparatus of clause 32, wherein one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement values overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0158] 34. The apparatus of clause 33, further comprising providing slot information to a base station based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement values and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0159] 35. The apparatus of clause 34, wherein the slot information includes a bitmap based on one or more symbols in the overlap.

[0160] 36. The apparatus of clause 34, wherein the slot information includes a flag variable or a single bit to indicate the presence of the overlap.

[0161] 37. An apparatus, comprising a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to determine the location information of a mobile device, determine a dual-mode configuration associated with the location information, and provide an indication of the location information and the dual-mode configuration to a server. The apparatus is configured as such.

[0162] 38. The apparatus of clause 37, wherein the indication of the dual-mode configuration includes a beam identification value.

[0163] 39. The apparatus of clause 37, wherein the dual-mode configuration instruction includes slot information indicating that the downlink positioning measurement value was obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with uplink transmission from the mobile device.

[0164] 40. The apparatus of clause 39, wherein one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0165] 41. The apparatus of clause 40, wherein the slot information is based on the overlap of one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

[0166] 42. The apparatus of clause 41, wherein the slot information includes a bitmap based on one or more symbols within the overlap.

[0167] 43. The apparatus of clause 41, wherein the slot information includes a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the presence of the overlap.

[0168] 44. The apparatus of clause 37, wherein the processor is configured to provide an indication that the location information was obtained in all-duplex slots.

[0169] 45. The apparatus of clause 37, wherein the processor is configured to provide an indication that the location information was obtained from a base station operating in split-panel mode.

[0170] 46. An apparatus comprising: a memory; a transceiver; a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver, the processor being configured to: determine a full-duplex scheme including a plurality of full-duplex slots; determine a positioning reference signal muting pattern based at least in part on the plurality of full-duplex slots; provide the positioning reference signal muting pattern to a mobile device as configured.

[0171] 47. The apparatus of clause 46, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signals of a plurality of full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode.

[0172] 48. The apparatus of clause 46, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more in-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more in-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission without a guard band.

[0173] 49. The apparatus of clause 46, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern is configured to mute the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by a frequency separation that is insufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device.

[0174] 50. The apparatus of clause 46, wherein the positioning reference signal muting pattern excludes the positioning reference signals in one or more sub-band full-duplex slots in the full-duplex mode, and the one or more sub-band full-duplex slots enable simultaneous uplink transmission and downlink transmission by a frequency separation that is sufficient to reduce self-interference to the mobile device.

[0175] 51. An apparatus for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station, means for receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station, means for determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, means for obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, and means for providing the position measurement information to the base station and comprising the apparatus.

[0176] 52. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide positioning information of a mobile device to a base station, the processor-readable instructions including: code for receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from a base station; code for determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement; code for obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions; code for providing the position measurement information to a base station and including the non-transitory processor-readable storage medium.

[0177] 53. An apparatus for providing location information of a mobile device to a server, comprising: means for determining location information of a mobile device; means for determining a dual-mode configuration associated with the location information; means for providing the location information and an indication of the dual-mode configuration to a server and including the apparatus.

[0178] 54. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide location information of a mobile device to a server, the processor-readable instructions including: code for determining location information of a mobile device; code for determining a dual-mode configuration associated with the location information; code for providing the location information and an indication of the dual-mode configuration to a server and including the non-transitory processor-readable storage medium.

[0179] 55. An apparatus for providing a positioning reference signal muting pattern, comprising: means for determining a full-duplex mode including a plurality of full-duplex slots; Means for determining a positioning reference signal muting configuration based at least in part on a plurality of full-duplex slots, means for providing the positioning reference signal muting configuration to a mobile device and an apparatus comprising the same.

[0180] 56. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to provide a positioning reference signal muting pattern, the processor-readable instructions including code for determining a full-duplex scheme including a plurality of full-duplex slots, code for determining a positioning reference signal muting configuration based at least in part on the plurality of full-duplex slots, and code for providing the positioning reference signal muting configuration to a mobile device and the non-transitory processor-readable storage medium.

Explanation of Signs

[0181] 100 Wireless communication network 102a, 102b, 102c Macrocells 102x Picocell 102y, 102z Femtocells 110, 110a Base stations (BS), BS 110b, 110c BS 110r Relay station 110x, 110y, 110z BS 120 UE 120a User equipment (UE), UE 120b, 120r, 120x, 120y UE 130 Network controller 160 Bandwidth (BW) component 170 BW configuration component 212 Data source 220 Processor, transmitting processor 230 Processor, transmitting (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 232 Modulator, Demodulator 232a to 232t Modulator (MOD), Modulator 234, 234a to 234t Antenna 236 MIMO Detector 238 Processor, Receiving Processor 239 Data Sink 240 Processor, Controller / Processor 242 Memory 244 Scheduler 252, 252a to 252r Antenna 254 Demodulator 254a to 254r Demodulator (DEMOD), Demodulator 256 MIMO Detector 258 Processor, Receiving Processor 260 Data Sink 262 Data Source 264 Processor, Transmitting Processor 266 Processor, TX MIMO Processor 280 Controller / Processor 282 Memory 300 Illustration 302 FD BS 302a Self-Interference 304 HD BS 306 First HD UE 308 Second HD UE, HD UE, UE2 310 Downlink 312 Uplink 314 Interference 316 Interference 330 Illustration 332 DL 334 UL 336 FD UE, UE1 336a Self-Interference 338 DL 338a Interference 350 Illustration 352 First HD BS 354 Second HD BS 356 DL 432 Guard Band 500 Spectrum 502 FD BS 600 Spectrum 602 FD BS 702 First DL-PRS Resource Set 704 Second DL-PRS Resource Set 802 COM2 Format with 2 Symbols 804 COM4 Format with 4 Symbols 806 COM2 Format with 12 Symbols 808 COM4 Format with 12 Symbols 810 COM6 Format with 6 Symbols 812 COM12 Format with 12 Symbols 814 COM2 Format with 6 Symbols 816 COM6 Format with 12 Symbols 900 Spectrum 902 First DL PRS Transmission 904 Second DL PRS Transmission 906 Third DL PRS Transmission 1000 Spectrum 1001 DL BWP 1002 First Resource 1004 Second Resource 1006 UL BWP 1008 Second DL PRS Transmission 1012 First DL PRS Transmission 1102 BS, Serving BS 1104 UE 1106 First Beamwidth 1108 Second Beamwidth 1110 Distance 1112 Antenna Structure 1114a~b Antenna Panel 1200 Method 1300 Method 1400 Method 1500 Method 1520 Method 1600 Computer System, System 1605 Bus 1610 Processor 1615 Input Device 1620 Output Device 1625 Non - volatile Memory Device, Memory Device 1630 Communication Subsystem 1635 Working Memory 1640 Operating System 1645 Application Program 1700 Mobile Device 1701 Bus 1711 General - purpose Processor 1712 Digital Signal Processor (DSP), DSP 1720 Wireless Transceiver Bus Interface 1721 Wireless Transceiver 1722 Wireless Antenna 1735 User Interface 1740 Memory 1755 SPS Receiver 1759 SPS Signal 1760 Sensor 1762 Touch Sensor 1764 Camera Device 1766 Modem Processor 1768 Video Processor 1770 Audio Input / Output (I / O) Device 1800 TRP 1810 Processor 1811 Memory 1812 Software 1815 Transceiver 1817 SPS Receiver 1820 Bus 1840 Wireless Transceiver 1842 Transmitter 1844 Receiver 1846 Antenna 1848 Wireless Signal 1850 Wired Transceiver 1852 Transmitter 1854 Receiver 1860 SPS Signal 1862 SPS Antenna

Claims

1. A method for providing positioning information of a mobile device to a base station, comprising: in the mobile device, receiving a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from the base station; determining one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, wherein when the accuracy requirement indicates an accuracy requirement higher than a first accuracy, one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is a half-duplex slot; when the accuracy requirement indicates an accuracy requirement lower than a second accuracy, one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is a full-duplex slot, and the second accuracy is lower than the first accuracy; obtaining positioning measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions; providing the positioning measurement information to the base station. A method as described above.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the positioning measurement information includes a reference signal time difference measurement value, or the positioning measurement information includes an RSSI measurement value or an RTT measurement value.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a downlink positioning measurement value is obtained by the mobile device simultaneously with an uplink transmission from the mobile device, and one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value overlap with one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising providing slot information to the base station based on the overlap of the one or more symbols of the downlink positioning measurement value and the one or more symbols of the uplink transmission.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the slot information includes a bitmap based on the one or more symbols in the overlap, or the slot information includes a flag variable or a single bit for indicating the existence of the overlap.

6. An apparatus, comprising: a memory; one or more transceivers; a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the one or more transceivers, wherein the processor is configured to receive a positioning request and an accuracy requirement from a base station via the one or more transceivers; determine one or more positioning reference signal transmissions based on the accuracy requirement, wherein when the accuracy requirement indicates an accuracy requirement higher than a first accuracy, one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is a half-duplex slot; ​ When the accuracy requirement indicates an accuracy requirement lower than the second accuracy, one of the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions is a full-duplex slot, and the second accuracy is lower than the first accuracy determining, obtaining position measurement information based on the one or more positioning reference signal transmissions, providing the position measurement information to the base station An apparatus configured as described above.

7. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium storing processor-readable instructions including code for causing one or more processors to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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