Welding apparatus and welding system for suppressing welding hot cracking

Abstract

The present application provides a welding device for suppressing hot cracking in welding, the device including a first fixed plate (10) and a second fixed plate (20) spaced apart from each other, a gas-electric slip ring connected to the first fixed plate on a side facing the second fixed plate, a hollow shaft drive unit (30) connected to the second fixed plate on a side facing the first fixed plate, a conductive link (40) connected to the hollow shaft drive unit and penetrating the second fixed plate, a curved contact tip (50) connected to the conductive link on the outside of the second fixed plate, a plurality of support rods (60) evenly distributed around a rotation axis direction of the hollow shaft drive unit and connected to the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, respectively, the hollow shaft drive unit rotationally drives the conductive link, and the conductive link swingably drives the curved contact tip. The present application also provides a welding system having the welding device. The welding equipment and welding system promote liquid metal flow by oscillating the arc, refine the grain structure of the weld bead, reduce the segregation of impurity elements, and return liquid metal from the molten pool region to the grain boundary liquation zone in the heat affected zone, reducing the initiation of cracks and increasing resistance to crack propagation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed on June 10, 2021, with an application number of 202110648169.8 and a title of "Welding Apparatus and Welding System for Suppressing Welding High-Temperature Cracks", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular, to a welding apparatus and a welding system for suppressing welding high-temperature cracks.

Background Art

[0003] Aluminum alloy materials have advantages such as high specific strength, good plasticity, and corrosion resistance, and are widely used as lightweight load-bearing structures in the fields of railway transportation, high-speed rail, and aerospace, playing an important role in the field of weight reduction of transportation vehicles. Welding high-temperature cracks are welding defects that are likely to occur during the welding process of aluminum alloys. The fluidity of liquid metal in the welding molten pool, the state of the structure of the weld bead, and the diffusion state of the low-melting-point eutectic have a significant impact on the occurrence of welding high-temperature cracks. During the welding cooling process, the weld bead located at the tail of the molten pool and the metal in its heat-affected zone are in a solid-liquid coexistence state, and the skeleton of the solidified dendritic crystal is surrounded by liquid metal. When the fluidity of the liquid metal is good, the flow of the liquid metal fills the gaps between the dendritic crystals, promoting the healing of cracks. When the dendritic crystals are developed and the fluidity of the liquid metal is weak, the liquid metal is retained between the dendritic crystals, forming a liquid film with poor plasticity, and cracks are likely to be formed when subjected to the action of tensile strain. The coarser the structure of the weld bead, the more prominent the directionality of the columnar crystals, and the more prominent the tendency for high-temperature cracks to occur in the weld bead. Impurity elements segregate at grain boundaries, forming low-melting-point eutectics, and welding high-temperature cracks are likely to occur. Therefore, how to improve the fluidity of liquid metal, refine the structure of the weld bead, diffuse and distribute the low-melting-point eutectic, reduce the segregation of impurity elements, and suppress the occurrence of welding high-temperature cracks has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the conventional welding process, when dendritic crystals develop and the fluidity of the liquid metal is weak, the liquid metal stays between the dendritic crystals, forming a liquid film with poor plasticity. When subjected to the action of tensile strain, cracks are likely to form. Moreover, the coarser the structure of the weld bead, the more prominent the directionality of the columnar crystals, the segregation of impurity elements at the grain boundaries, the formation of a eutectic with a low melting point, and the easy occurrence of high-temperature welding cracks. To solve these defects, the present application provides a welding device for suppressing high-temperature welding cracks, which promotes the flow of the liquid metal by the oscillation of the arc, refines the crystal grain structure of the weld bead, reduces the segregation of impurity elements, refluxes the liquid metal from the molten pool region to the grain boundary liquefaction region of the heat-affected zone, reduces the occurrence of cracks, and increases the resistance to crack propagation, thereby realizing the suppression of the occurrence of high-temperature welding cracks in aluminum alloys.

[0005] In the conventional welding process, when dendritic crystals develop and the fluidity of the liquid metal is weak, the liquid metal stays between the dendritic crystals, forming a liquid film with poor plasticity. When subjected to the action of tensile strain, cracks are likely to form. Moreover, the coarser the structure of the weld bead, the more prominent the directionality of the columnar crystals, the segregation of impurity elements at the grain boundaries, the formation of a eutectic with a low melting point, and the easy occurrence of high-temperature welding cracks. To solve these defects, the present application further provides a welding system, which stirs the liquid molten pool of aluminum alloy welding by the oscillation of the arc, increases the fluidity of the liquid metal, refines the structure of the weld bead, reduces the segregation of elements, disperses and intermittently distributes the eutectic with a low melting point, reduces the occurrence of cracks, disrupts the crystallization direction of the columnar crystals, breaks the continuity of the liquid film, increases the resistance to crack propagation, promotes the reflux of the liquid metal into the gaps of the dendritic crystals, and promotes the healing of cracks.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] According to the welding apparatus for suppressing welding hot cracks according to the first aspect of the present application, it includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a gas-electric slip ring, a hollow shaft drive unit, a conductive link, a curved contact tip, and a support rod. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are provided at an interval. The gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the first fixing plate facing the second fixing plate. The hollow shaft drive unit is connected to the side of the second fixing plate facing the first fixing plate. The conductive link is connected to the hollow shaft drive unit and penetrates through the second fixing plate. The curved contact tip is connected to the conductive link outside the second fixing plate. A plurality of the support rods are evenly distributed around the rotation axis direction of the hollow shaft drive unit and are respectively connected to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. Here, the hollow shaft drive unit rotationally drives the conductive link, and the conductive link swing-drives the curved contact tip.

[0007] Note that in the present application, the hollow shaft motor reciprocally swing-drives the curved contact tip to control the swing of the arc, thereby stirring the liquid melting pool of the aluminum alloy, promoting the flow of the liquid melting pool, playing a role in flushing the tip of the dendritic crystal, crushing and remelting the tip of the dendritic crystal, increasing the nucleation particles, refining the structure of the weld bead, reducing the tendency of hot cracks, reducing the segregation of impurity elements, diffusely and intermittently distributing the eutectic with a low melting point, reducing the occurrence of cracks, disturbing the crystallization direction of the columnar crystal, breaking the continuity of the liquid film, increasing the resistance to crack propagation, refluxing the liquid metal from the molten pool region to the grain boundary liquefaction region in the heat-affected region, promoting the filling of the gaps of the dendritic crystal of the liquid metal, and quickly healing the cracks generated in the weld bead and its heat-affected region.

[0008] Note that this application provides a welding current path, a shielding gas path, and a welding wire feeding path during the arc oscillation process through a gas-electric slip ring, solves the problem that the welding cable, the shielding gas path, and the wire feeding pipe frequently oscillate during the arc oscillation process, and makes the welding process more stable and reliable. The oscillation speed of the arc is controlled by the rotation speed of the hollow shaft motor, and the width of the arc oscillation and the residence time on the side wall are controlled by a photoelectric sensor, so that the oscillation speed, the width of the oscillation, and the residence time on the side wall of the arc can be quantitatively controlled.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the gas-electric slip ring includes a gas-electric slip ring stator, a gas-electric slip ring rotor, a first cable of the gas-electric slip ring, and a second cable of the gas-electric slip ring. The gas-electric slip ring stator is connected to the first fixing plate. The first cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the gas-electric slip ring stator. The second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the gas-electric slip ring rotor. Here, the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link so as to supply electricity to the curved contact tip.

[0010] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a gas-electric slip ring. By providing a gas-electric slip ring stator and a gas-electric slip ring rotor, during the process in which the hollow shaft drive unit drives the curved contact tip to oscillate, the smoothness of the welding current path is realized, and the power supply to the curved contact tip is ensured.

[0011] Furthermore, by providing the first cable of the gas-electric slip ring and the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring, the formation of the welding current path is realized. The first cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the output port of the welding power gun. One end of the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the first cable of the gas-electric slip ring, and the other end of the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link, thereby realizing the electrical supply to the curved contact chip through the conductive link.

[0012] Note that the hollow shaft drive unit may employ a hollow shaft motor.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the gas-electric slip ring further includes a first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring and a second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring. The first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring stator opposite to the gas-electric slip ring rotor. The second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring rotor facing away from the gas-electric slip ring stator. Here, the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link through a pipeline. The first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the pipeline, and the conductive link are sequentially communicated to form a shielding gas passage.

[0014] Specifically, this embodiment provides another embodiment of the gas-electric slip ring. By providing the first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring and the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the smoothness of the shielding gas passage is realized during the process of the hollow shaft drive unit driving the curved contact chip to swing, and the conveyance of the shielding gas during the welding process is ensured.

[0015] Furthermore, the protective gas cylinder output interface communicates with the first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, and the protective gas realizes conveyance to the molten pool through the protective gas cylinder output interface, the first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the pipeline, and the conductive link.

[0016] Note that the conductive link is a hollow metal rod.

[0017] In one application scenario, the pipeline is a hose. One end of the pipeline is connected to the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, and the other end of the pipeline is connected to the conductive link. By installing the pipeline as a hose, the rotation of the pipeline accompanying the rotation of the gas-electric slip ring rotor and the conductive link becomes easier.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes a diverter. The diverter is externally fitted on the side close to the curved contact chip of the conductive link and communicates with the protective gas passage.

[0019] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the diverter. The diverter is provided on the side close to the curved contact chip of the conductive link, and the diverter communicates with the protective gas passage through the conductive link, thereby realizing the diversion of the protective gas by the diverter.

[0020] Note that a plurality of gas holes are evenly distributed in the diverter, a through hole communicating with the diverter is provided in the conductive link, and further, the protective gas passage realizes communication with the external space through the through hole in the conductive link and the gas holes in the diverter.

[0021] Note that the present application does not describe the specific structure of the diverter. In actual applications, the specific structure of the diverter can refer to relevant designs in the art, and the connection between the diverter and the conductive link can be realized by means such as screws, engagement, and magnetic attraction.

[0022] In one application scenario, the outside of the flow divider is further covered with a flow guiding groove, and the flow guiding groove intensively guides the protective gas flowing out from the inside of the flow divider to the curved contact chip side.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes a conductive ring, and the conductive ring is provided on the side close to the gas-electric slip ring rotor of the hollow shaft drive unit and is externally fitted on the outside of the conductive link. Here, the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive ring. The conductive ring supplies electricity to the hollow shaft drive unit and the curved contact chip through the conductive link.

[0024] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a conductive ring. By providing the conductive ring, the electric power transmitted by the gas-electric slip ring can be transmitted to the hollow shaft drive unit and the curved contact chip through the conductive ring and the conductive link.

[0025] Here, the power transmission between the conductive ring and the conductive link can be achieved by metal contact.

[0026] In one application scenario, the conductive ring rotates together with the conductive link.

[0027] In another application scenario, the conductive ring supplies electricity only to the curved contact chip through the conductive link, and the hollow shaft drive unit obtains electric power from the outside.

[0028] In another application scenario, the conductive ring supplies electricity to the hollow shaft drive unit and the curved contact chip through the conductive link.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes a wire feeding pipe, and the wire feeding pipe supplies a welding wire to the curved contact tip after sequentially passing through the gas-electric slip ring stator, the gas-electric slip ring rotor, and the conductive link.

[0030] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the wire feeding pipe. Providing the wire feeding pipe is equivalent to providing a passage for the welding wire to pass through. The wire feeding pipe sequentially passes through the gas-electric slip ring stator, the gas-electric slip ring rotor, and the conductive link, ensuring that the welding wire is supplied from the outside to the curved contact tip.

[0031] In one application scenario, through holes for the wire feeding pipe to pass through are provided at the centers of the gas-electric slip ring stator and the gas-electric slip ring rotor, and the conductive link is also provided at a position relatively centered with respect to the gas-electric slip ring stator and the gas-electric slip ring rotor. With such an installation, it is ensured that the wire feeding pipe penetrates the center of the entire device and directly supplies the welding wire to the curved contact tip.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes a limit stopper and a first sensor, The limit stopper is connected to the side of the conductive link close to the curved contact tip, A plurality of the first sensors are provided on the side of the second fixing plate facing away from the first fixing plate, and are used to measure the swinging angle of the curved contact tip.

[0033] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the limit stopper and the first sensor. The limit stopper can swing along with the swinging of the curved contact tip, and at least three first sensors are provided, and each is used to measure the swinging origin, the left limit of swinging, and the right limit of swinging of the curved contact tip.

[0034] In one application scenario, the limit stopper is connected to a conductive link or a shunt, and can swing synchronously with the curved contact chip, trigger the first sensor, and is used to transmit the swing position signal of the curved contact chip. When the curved contact chip passes through the center of the welding bead, the left side wall of the welding bead groove, and the right side wall of the welding bead groove, the limit stopper triggers the first sensor at the swing origin, the first sensor at the left swing limit, and the first sensor at the right swing limit, respectively.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present application, the support rod includes a first adjustment part, a second adjustment part, and an adjustment joint. The first adjustment part is connected to the first fixing plate. The second adjustment part is connected to the second fixing plate. The first adjustment part and the second adjustment part are connected through the adjustment joint. Here, the first adjustment part and / or the second adjustment part is a telescopic rod with an adjustable telescopic length, and the adjustment joint can adjust the angle between the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part.

[0036] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the support rod. By providing the first adjustment part, the second adjustment part, and the adjustment joint, the adjustment of the length and angle of the support rod is realized. Furthermore, when welding weldments at different angles, the corresponding angle adjustment of the curved contact chip is realized. The first adjustment part and / or the second adjustment part can adjust its own length, and the length of the support rod can be adjusted according to the required distance between the curved contact chip and the weldment. And the adjustment joint realizes the angle conversion between the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part, realizes the "upward slope" and "downward slope" of the curved contact chip during the welding process, and avoids the problems that affect the swing effect of the curved contact chip and the welding quality caused by the angle change along the welding direction of the weldment or the fluctuation due to the flatness of the weldment itself.

[0037] In one application scenario, four support rods are provided, and each support rod includes a first adjustment part, a second adjustment part, and an adjustment joint. The first adjustment part and the second adjustment part are used to adjust the length of the support rod, and the adjustment joint ensures the adjustment of the angle between the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part, and further realizes the "uphill" and "downhill" of the curved contact tip during the welding process.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes a second sensor, and a plurality of the second sensors are provided on the side of the second fixing plate facing away from the first fixing plate. Here, the second sensor is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the support rod and is used to measure the horizontal height of the curved contact tip.

[0039] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the second sensor. By providing the second sensor, the surface flatness of the welded object or the change in the angle of the welded object can be realized, and further, according to the change, the posture of the welding device for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking is planned, and the extension length and angle of each support rod are adjusted to satisfy the "uphill" and "downhill" of the curved contact tip.

[0040] According to the welding system according to the second aspect of the present application, it has any one of the above-described welding devices for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking.

Advantages of the Invention

[0041] One or more of the above technical solutions in the present application have at least one of the following technical effects. The welding device and welding system for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking according to the present application adopt the oscillation of the arc to promote the flow of the liquid metal, refine the crystal grain structure of the weld bead, reduce the segregation of impurity elements, reflux the liquid metal from the molten pool region to the grain boundary liquefaction region of the heat-affected region, reduce the occurrence of cracks, and increase the resistance to crack propagation, thereby realizing the suppression of the occurrence of welding high-temperature cracking of aluminum alloys. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be understood by the practice of the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0042] Hereinafter, in order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the drawings necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described. Of course, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative labor.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0043] Hereinafter, in order to more clearly illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the present application. Of course, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative labor shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "vertical direction", "horizontal direction", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of description and simplification of the description of the embodiments of the present application, and does not indicate or suggest that the indicated device or element has a specific orientation or is configured or operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application. Also, terms such as "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.

[0045] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, this embodiment provides a welding device for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking. The welding device for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking includes a first fixing plate 10, a second fixing plate 20, a gas-electric slip ring, a hollow shaft drive unit 30, a conductive link 40, a curved contact tip 50, and a support rod 60. The first fixing plate 10 and the second fixing plate 20 are provided at intervals. The gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the first fixing plate 10 facing the second fixing plate 20. The hollow shaft drive unit 30 is connected to the side of the second fixing plate 20 facing the first fixing plate 10. The conductive link 40 is connected to the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and penetrates through the second fixing plate 20. The curved contact tip 50 is connected to the conductive link 40 outside the second fixing plate 20. A plurality of support rods 60 are evenly distributed around the rotation axis direction of the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and are respectively connected to the first fixing plate 10 and the second fixing plate 20. Here, the hollow shaft drive unit 30 rotationally drives the conductive link 40, and the conductive link 40 swing-drives the curved contact tip 50.

[0046] Specifically, in the conventional welding process, when dendritic crystals develop and the fluidity of the liquid metal is weak, the liquid metal is retained between the dendritic crystals, forming a liquid film with poor plasticity. When subjected to the action of tensile strain, cracks are likely to form, and the coarser the structure of the weld bead becomes, the more prominent the directionality of the columnar crystals, the segregation of impurity elements at the grain boundaries, the formation of eutectics with low melting points, and the occurrence of high-temperature welding cracks. To solve these problems, the present application provides a welding apparatus for suppressing high-temperature welding cracks. By oscillating the arc, the flow of the liquid metal is promoted, the crystal grain structure of the weld bead is refined, the segregation of impurity elements is reduced, the liquid metal is refluxed from the molten pool 150 region to the grain boundary liquefaction region in the heat-affected zone, the occurrence of cracks is reduced, and the resistance to crack propagation is increased, thereby realizing the suppression of the occurrence of high-temperature welding cracks in aluminum alloys.

[0047] In addition, in the present application, the hollow shaft motor reciprocally oscillates and drives the curved contact tip 50 to control the oscillation of the arc, thereby stirring the liquid molten pool 150 of the aluminum alloy, promoting the flow of the liquid molten pool 150, playing a role in flushing at the tip of the dendritic crystal, crushing and remelting the tip of the dendritic crystal, increasing the nucleation particles, refining the structure of the weld bead, reducing the tendency of high-temperature cracking, reducing the segregation of impurity elements, diffusely and intermittently distributing the eutectics with low melting points, reducing the occurrence of cracks, disturbing the crystallization direction of the columnar crystals, breaking the continuity of the liquid film, increasing the resistance to crack propagation, refluxing the liquid metal from the molten pool region 150 to the grain boundary liquefaction region in the heat-affected zone, promoting the filling of the gaps between the dendritic crystals of the liquid metal, and quickly healing the cracks generated in the weld bead and its heat-affected zone.

[0048] Note that this application provides a welding current path, a shielding gas path, and a welding wire feeding path during the arc oscillation process through a gas-electric slip ring, solves the problem that the welding cable, the shielding gas path, and the wire feeding pipe 100 frequently oscillate during the arc oscillation process, and makes the welding process more stable and reliable. The oscillation speed of the arc can be controlled by the rotation speed of the hollow shaft motor, the width of the arc oscillation and the residence time on the side wall can be controlled by a photoelectric sensor, and the oscillation speed, the width of the oscillation, and the residence time on the side wall of the arc can be quantitatively controlled.

[0049] In some possible embodiments of this application, the gas-electric slip ring includes a gas-electric slip ring stator 70, a gas-electric slip ring rotor 71, a first cable 72 of the gas-electric slip ring, and a second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring. The gas-electric slip ring stator 70 is connected to the first fixing plate 10. The first cable 72 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the gas-electric slip ring stator 70. The second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71. Here, the second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link 40 so as to supply electricity to the curved contact tip 50.

[0050] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a gas-electric slip ring. By providing the gas-electric slip ring stator 70 and the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71, during the process that the hollow shaft drive unit 30 drives the curved contact tip 50 to oscillate, the smoothness of the welding current path is realized, and the power supply to the curved contact tip 50 is ensured.

[0051] Furthermore, by providing the first cable 72 of the gas-electric slip ring and the second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring, the formation of the welding current path is realized. The first cable 72 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the welding power supply gun output port. One end of the second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the first cable 72 of the gas-electric slip ring, and the other end of the second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link 40, thereby realizing the electrical supply to the curved contact chip 50 via the conductive link 40.

[0052] Note that the hollow shaft drive unit 30 may employ a hollow shaft motor.

[0053] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the gas-electric slip ring further includes a first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring and a second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring. The first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring stator 70 opposite to the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71. The second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71 facing away from the gas-electric slip ring stator 70. Here, the second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive link 40 via a pipeline. The first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring, the second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring, the pipeline, and the conductive link 40 are sequentially communicated to form a protective gas passage.

[0054] Specifically, this embodiment provides another embodiment of the gas-electric slip ring. By providing the first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring and the second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring, the smoothness of the protective gas passage is realized during the process of the hollow shaft drive unit 30 swing-driving the curved contact chip 50, and the conveyance of the protective gas during the welding process is ensured.

[0055] Furthermore, the protective gas cylinder output interface communicates with the first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring, and the protective gas realizes conveyance to the molten pool 150 through the protective gas cylinder output interface, the first gas port 74 of the gas-electric slip ring, the second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring, the pipeline, and the conductive link 40.

[0056] Note that the conductive link 40 is a hollow metal rod.

[0057] In one application scenario, the pipeline is a hose. One end of the pipeline is connected to the second gas port 75 of the gas-electric slip ring, and the other end of the pipeline is connected to the conductive link 40. By installing the pipeline as a hose, the rotation of the pipeline accompanying the rotation of the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71 and the conductive link 40 becomes easy.

[0058] In some possible embodiments of the present application, it further includes a diverter 80. The diverter 80 is externally fitted on the side close to the curved contact chip 50 of the conductive link 40 and communicates with the protective gas passage.

[0059] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the diverter 80. The diverter 80 is provided on the side close to the curved contact chip 50 of the conductive link 40, and the diverter 80 communicates with the protective gas passage through the conductive link 40, so that diversion of the protective gas by the diverter 80 is realized.

[0060] Note that a plurality of gas holes are evenly distributed in the diverter 80, a through hole communicating with the diverter 80 is provided in the conductive link 40, and further, the protective gas passage realizes communication with the external space through the through hole in the conductive link 40 and the gas holes in the diverter 80.

[0061] Note that this application does not describe the specific structure of the current divider 80. In actual applications, the specific structure of the current divider 80 can refer to relevant designs in the art, and the connection between the current divider 80 and the conductive link 40 can be realized by means such as screws, engagement, magnetic attraction, etc.

[0062] In one application scenario, the outside of the current divider 80 is further covered with a current guiding groove 81, and the current guiding groove 81 intensively guides the protective gas flowing out of the current divider 80 to the side of the curved contact chip 50.

[0063] In some possible embodiments of this application, it further includes a conductive ring 90. The conductive ring 90 is provided on the side close to the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71 of the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and is externally fitted on the outside of the conductive link 40. Here, the second cable 73 of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive ring 90, and the conductive ring 90 supplies electricity to the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and the curved contact chip 50 through the conductive link 40.

[0064] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the conductive ring 90. By providing the conductive ring 90, the electric power transmitted by the gas-electric slip ring can be transmitted to the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and the curved contact chip 50 through the conductive ring 90 and the conductive link 40.

[0065] Here, the power transmission between the conductive ring 90 and the conductive link 40 can be achieved by metal contact.

[0066] In one application scenario, the conductive ring 90 rotates together with the conductive link 40.

[0067] In another application scenario, the conductive ring 90 supplies electricity only to the curved contact chip 50 through the conductive link 40, and the hollow shaft drive unit 30 obtains electric power from the outside.

[0068] In another application scenario, the conductive ring 90 supplies electricity to the hollow shaft drive unit 30 and the curved contact tip 50 via the conductive link 40.

[0069] In some possible embodiments of the present application, a wire feeding pipe 100 is further included. The wire feeding pipe 100 sequentially penetrates through the gas-electric slip ring stator 70, the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71, and the conductive link 40, and then supplies the welding wire to the curved contact tip 50.

[0070] Specifically, the present embodiment provides an embodiment of the wire feeding pipe 100. Providing the wire feeding pipe 100 is equivalent to providing a passage for the welding wire to pass through. The wire feeding pipe 100 sequentially penetrates through the gas-electric slip ring stator 70, the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71, and the conductive link 40, ensuring that the welding wire is supplied from the outside to the curved contact tip 50.

[0071] In one application scenario, through holes for the wire feeding pipe 100 to penetrate are provided at the centers of the gas-electric slip ring stator 70 and the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71. The conductive link 40 is also provided at a position relatively centered with respect to the gas-electric slip ring stator 70 and the gas-electric slip ring rotor 71. Such an installation ensures that the wire feeding pipe 100 penetrates the center of the entire device and directly supplies the welding wire to the curved contact tip 50.

[0072] In some possible embodiments of the present application, a limit stopper 110 and a first sensor 120 are further included. The limit stopper 110 is connected to the side of the conductive link 40 close to the curved contact tip 50. The plurality of first sensors 120 are provided on the side of the second fixing plate 20 facing away from the first fixing plate 10 and are used to measure the swinging angle of the curved contact tip 50.

[0073] Specifically, the present embodiment provides an embodiment of a limit stopper 110 and a first sensor 120. The limit stopper 110 can swing along with the swing of the curved contact tip 50. At least three first sensors 120 are provided, and each is used to measure the swing origin, the left limit of swing, and the right limit of swing of the curved contact tip 50.

[0074] In one application scenario, the limit stopper 110 is connected to the conductive link 40 or the shunt 80, can swing synchronously with the curved contact tip 50, triggers the first sensor 120, and is used to transmit the swing position signal of the curved contact tip 50. When the curved contact tip 50 passes through the center of the weld bead, the left side wall of the weld bead groove, and the right side wall of the weld bead groove, the limit stopper 110 triggers the first sensor 120 at the swing origin, the first sensor 120 at the left limit of swing, and the first sensor 120 at the right limit of swing, respectively.

[0075] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the support rod 60 includes a first adjustment part 61, a second adjustment part 62, and an adjustment joint 63. The first adjustment part 61 is connected to the first fixing plate 10, the second adjustment part 62 is connected to the second fixing plate 20, and the first adjustment part 61 and the second adjustment part 62 are connected via the adjustment joint 63. Here, the first adjustment part 61 and / or the second adjustment part 62 is a telescopic rod with an adjustable telescopic length, and the angle between the first adjustment part 61 and the second adjustment part 62 can be adjusted by the adjustment joint 63.

[0076] Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the support rod 60. By providing the first adjustment part 61, the second adjustment part 62, and the adjustment joint 63, the adjustment of the length and angle of the support rod 60 is realized. Further, when welding weldments 140 at different angles, the adjustment of the corresponding angles of the curved contact tip 50 is realized. The first adjustment part 61 and / or the second adjustment part 62 can adjust its own length and can adjust the length of the support rod 60 according to the required distance between the curved contact tip 50 and the weldment 140. And the adjustment joint 63 realizes the angle conversion between the first adjustment part 61 and the second adjustment part 62, realizes the "upward slope" and "downward slope" of the curved contact tip 50 during the welding process, and avoids the problems that affect the swing effect of the curved contact tip 50 and the welding quality due to the angular change along the welding direction of the weldment 140 or the variation due to the flatness of the weldment 140 itself.

[0077] In one application scenario, four support rods 60 are provided. Each support rod 60 includes the first adjustment part 61, the second adjustment part 62, and the adjustment joint 63. The first adjustment part 61 and the second adjustment part 62 realize the adjustment of the length of the support rod 60, and the adjustment joint 63 ensures the adjustment of the angle between the first adjustment part 61 and the second adjustment part 62. Further, the "upward slope" and "downward slope" of the curved contact tip 50 during the welding process are realized.

[0078] In some possible embodiments of the present application, it further includes a plurality of second sensors 130. The plurality of second sensors 130 are provided on the side of the second fixing plate 20 facing away from the first fixing plate 10. Here, the second sensors 130 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the support rods 60 and are used to measure the horizontal height of the curved contact tip 50.

[0079] Specifically, the present embodiment provides an embodiment of the second sensor 130. By providing the second sensor 130, the surface flatness of the welded object 140 or the change in the angle of the welded object 140 is realized. Further, according to the change, the posture of the welding device for suppressing welding hot cracking is planned, and by adjusting the elongation length and angle of each support rod 60, the "uphill slope" and "downhill slope" of the curved contact tip 50 are satisfied.

[0080] In some specific embodiments of the present application, this aspect provides a welding system, and the welding system has a welding device for suppressing welding hot cracking as described above.

[0081] Specifically, in the conventional welding process, when dendritic crystals develop and the fluidity of the liquid metal is weak, the liquid metal is retained between the dendritic crystals to form a liquid film with poor plasticity. When subjected to the action of tensile strain, cracks are likely to form, and the coarser the structure of the weld bead, the more prominent the directionality of the columnar crystals, the segregation of impurity elements at the grain boundaries, the formation of eutectics with low melting points, and the tendency of welding hot cracking to occur. To solve these problems, the present application further provides a welding system. By oscillating the arc, the liquid melting pool 150 of the aluminum alloy welding is stirred, the fluidity of the liquid metal is increased, the crystal grain structure of the weld bead is refined, the segregation of elements is reduced, the eutectics with low melting points are distributed diffusely and intermittently, the generation of cracks is reduced, the crystallization direction of the columnar crystals is disrupted, the continuity of the liquid film is broken, the resistance to crack propagation is increased, the reflux of the liquid metal into the gaps of the dendritic crystals is promoted, and the healing of the cracks is promoted.

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless there are clear regulations or limitations, terms such as "connection" and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, and it can be directly connected to each other or indirectly connected to each other through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application according to the specific situation.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "several embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "several examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described with reference to the said embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in an appropriate form in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction with each other.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for explaining the present application and do not limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, for those skilled in the art, any combination, modification, or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present application does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application and should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Explanation of Reference Signs

[0085] 10: First fixing plate, 20: Second fixing plate, 30: Hollow shaft drive unit, 40: Conductive link, 50: Curved contact tip, 60: Support rod, 61: First adjustment part, 62: Second adjustment part, 63: Adjustment joint, 70: Gas-electric slip ring stator, 71: Gas-electric slip ring rotor, 72: Gas-electric slip ring first cable, 73: Gas-electric slip ring second cable, 74: First gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, 75: Second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, 80: Shunt, 81: Flow guide groove, 90: Conductive ring, 100: Wire feeding pipe, 110: Limit stopper, 120: First sensor, 130: Second sensor, 140: Weld, 150: Molten pool.

Claims

1. It includes a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate, a gas-electric slip ring, a hollow shaft drive unit, a conductive link, a curved contact chip, and a support rod, The first fixed plate and the second fixed plate are provided at an interval, The gas-electric slip ring is connected to the side of the first fixed plate facing the second fixed plate, The hollow shaft drive unit is connected to the side of the second fixed plate facing the first fixed plate, The conductive link is connected to the hollow shaft drive unit and penetrates through the second fixed plate, The curved contact chip is connected to the conductive link outside the second fixed plate, A plurality of the support rods are evenly distributed around the rotation axis direction of the hollow shaft drive unit and are respectively connected to the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, Here, the hollow shaft drive unit rotationally drives the conductive link, and the conductive link swing-drives the curved contact chip, The gas-electric slip ring includes a gas-electric slip ring stator, a gas-electric slip ring rotor, a gas-electric slip ring first cable, and a gas-electric slip ring second cable, The gas-electric slip ring stator is connected to the first fixed plate, The gas-electric slip ring first cable is connected to the gas-electric slip ring stator, The gas-electric slip ring second cable is connected to the gas-electric slip ring rotor, Here, a welding device for suppressing welding hot cracks, characterized in that the gas-electric slip ring second cable is connected to the conductive link so as to supply electricity to the curved contact chip.

2. The gas-electric slip ring further includes a gas-electric slip ring first gas port and a gas-electric slip ring second gas port, The gas-electric slip ring first gas port is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring stator opposite to the gas-electric slip ring rotor, The gas-electric slip ring second gas port is connected to the side of the gas-electric slip ring rotor facing away from the gas-electric slip ring stator, Here, the gas-electric slip ring second gas port is connected to the conductive link via a pipeline, The first gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the second gas port of the gas-electric slip ring, the pipeline, and the conductive link are sequentially in communication to form a protective gas passage, characterized in that The welding device for suppressing high-temperature cracking according to claim 1

3. Further comprising a diverter, the diverter being externally fitted on a side close to the curved contact tip of the conductive link and communicating with the protective gas passage, characterized in that The welding device for suppressing high-temperature cracking according to claim 2

4. Further comprising a conductive ring, the conductive ring being provided on a side close to the gas-electric slip ring rotor of the hollow shaft drive unit and externally fitted on the outside of the conductive link, wherein the second cable of the gas-electric slip ring is connected to the conductive ring, The conductive ring is characterized by supplying electricity to the hollow shaft drive unit and the curved contact tip via the conductive link The welding device for suppressing high-temperature cracking according to claim 1

5. Further comprising a wire feeding pipe, the wire feeding pipe sequentially penetrating the gas-electric slip ring stator, the gas-electric slip ring rotor, and the conductive link, and then supplying the welding wire to the curved contact tip, characterized in that The welding device for suppressing high-temperature cracking according to claim 1

6. Further comprising a limit stopper and a first sensor, The limit stopper is connected to a side close to the curved contact tip of the conductive link, A plurality of the first sensors are provided on a side of the second fixing plate facing away from the first fixing plate, and are used for measuring the swinging angle of the curved contact tip, characterized in that The welding device for suppressing high-temperature cracking according to claim 1

7. The support rod includes a first adjustment part, a second adjustment part, and an adjustment joint, The first adjustment part is connected to the first fixing plate, The second adjustment part is connected to the second fixing plate, The first adjustment part and the second adjustment part are connected via the adjustment joint, wherein the first adjustment part and / or the second adjustment part is an expansion and contraction rod with an adjustable expansion and contraction length, and the angle between the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part can be adjusted by the adjustment joint, characterized in that The welding apparatus for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Further including a second sensor, wherein a plurality of the second sensors are provided on a side of the second fixing plate facing away from the first fixing plate, wherein the second sensor is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the support rod and is used for measuring the horizontal height of the curved contact tip. The welding apparatus for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking according to claim 7.

9. A welding system, characterized by having the welding apparatus for suppressing welding high-temperature cracking according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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