Lightweight building blocks and lightweight self-supporting walls using the same

Abstract

Provided are lightweight building blocks that are easy to construct and a lightweight self-supporting wall using the same. 【Solution means】A lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a rod-shaped support member 2 erected on a foundation 1 and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped-shaped lightweight building blocks made of a lightweight material stacked on the foundation 1 via an adhesive 14, wherein at least two of the plurality of lightweight building blocks for construction are provided with a concave or convex portion that fits with a convex or concave portion provided on at least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left, and right sides of an adjacent lightweight building block for construction, and at least one through-hole 13 through which the rod-shaped support member 2 penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows is provided in the central portion in the left-right direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to lightweight building blocks and lightweight self-standing on the wall structures using the same. More specifically, it relates to lightweight building blocks that are lightweight and easy to construct, and lightweight self-standing on the wall structures using the same.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, technologies such as those disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been known.

[0003] <Patent Document 1> Japanese Patent No. 7262193 Patent Document 1 aims to "enable free-form design because the material itself can be easily bent and processed easily enough to be cut with a cutter etc., and since the material itself is lightweight, there is almost no concern about human damage due to collapse etc. during an earthquake, and further, to provide a lightweight self-standing wall that is excellent in terms of manufacturing cost and a construction method for the lightweight self-standing wall" (paragraph 0006 of the same document). 「In a lightweight self-supporting wall formed by arranging a plurality of lightweight panels made of a lightweight foaming material on a foundation formed of concrete or concrete blocks, and using the foundation as a base, the lightweight self-supporting wall includes: a plurality of lightweight panels installed with the concrete or concrete block foundation as a base; an adhesive for fixing the lightweight panels to the foundation; deformed reinforcing bars vertically provided between the lightweight panels; a mortar block body installed at a position where the deformed reinforcing bars are located in a gap between the lightweight panels; a base coat layer applied to the foundation and the front, back, and top surfaces of both sides of the outer and inner surfaces of the lightweight panels; a mesh sheet layer attached to the foundation and the front, back, and top surfaces of both sides of the outer and inner surfaces of the lightweight panels; a finish layer formed on the foundation and the front, back, and top surfaces of both sides of the outer and inner surfaces of the lightweight panels. The base coat layer, the mesh sheet layer, and the finish layer integrate the foundation and the lightweight panels. The adhesive is a mixture of expanded polystyrene and cement.」(Paragraph 0007 of the same document) A lightweight self-supporting wall is described.

[0004] However, in this lightweight self-supporting wall, the lightweight panels, which are its constituent members, do not have uneven portions that fit together on their sides or the like. Therefore, it is not easy to construct a self-supporting wall or the like using such lightweight panels.

[0005] <Patent Document 2>Japanese Patent No. 7387657 Patent Document 2 states that 「with the aim of providing a lightweight self-supporting wall with excellent workability during construction」(Paragraph 0005 of the same document), 「a plurality of lightweight panels that are joined and erected adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, notches recessed along the vertical direction respectively provided on the butting surfaces of the lightweight panels for joining, a through-hole formed from the opposing notches recessed by butting the lightweight panels against each other, a plurality of support members inserted into the through-hole and erected at intervals on the foundation part where the lightweight panels are installed A lightweight self-standing wall comprising a joint cement molding filled and cured in the through-hole The joint cement composition for forming the joint cement molding is a composition obtained by mixing 100 parts by mass of a cement-based non-shrinking grout material, 20 to 100 parts by mass of cement, and 100 to 200 parts by mass of No. 6 silica sand It is characterized in that the flow value obtained in accordance with JASS15M-103 of the slurry of the joint cement composition is 125 to 250 mm (paragraph 0006 of the same document) A lightweight self-standing wall is described

[0006] However, prior to filling the slurry into the through-hole 24 formed by butting the notch recesses 23, it is necessary to perform operations such as abutting a plate-shaped support material 63 that prevents the upper end side of the through-hole 24 from opening on both widths of the upper end spanning between the lightweight panels 21 and fixing it with a clamp (not shown) (paragraphs 0034 to 0036 of the same document) Therefore, the construction of a self-standing wall or the like using such lightweight panels is not easy

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0007]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lightweight building block that is easy to construct and a lightweight self-standing structure using the same the wall To provide

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the lightweight building block of the present invention is A lightweight building block in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped made of lightweight materials, At least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left side, and right side is provided with a concave or convex portion that fits with a convex or concave portion provided on the back, front, bottom, top, right side, or left side of an adjacent lightweight building block, Characterized in that at least one through hole through which a rod-shaped support member penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows is provided in the central portion in the left-right direction.

[0010] With the above configuration, the following effects can be obtained according to this lightweight building block. For example, when constructing a wall or the like by stacking a plurality of these lightweight building blocks on a foundation where a rod-shaped support member is erected, the lightweight building block with the rod-shaped support member penetrating through the through hole and an adjacent lightweight building block are fitted together with the concave and convex portions provided between them, so that the two lightweight building blocks can be held in a connected state, and in such a state where the posture is held, it is possible to pour an adhesive material into the through hole. Therefore, compared with the above-described prior art, it is possible to easily construct a structure such as a lightweight self-supporting wall. In addition, since the lightweight building block is made of a lightweight material, the operation of passing a rod-shaped support member through the through hole of the lightweight building block can be easily performed.

[0011] In this lightweight building block, A configuration can be adopted in which a concave or convex portion that fits with a convex or concave portion of an adjacent lightweight building block in plan view is provided at the left end or right end of the front or back.

[0012] With such a configuration, in plan view, for example, by fitting together the concave and convex portions provided between two adjacent lightweight building blocks that are orthogonal to each other, the two lightweight building blocks can be held in an orthogonal connection state, and in such a state where the posture is held, it is possible to pour an adhesive material into the through hole. Therefore, for example, it becomes possible to easily construct a structure such as an orthogonal lightweight self-standing wall.

[0013] In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the lightweight self-standing wall of the present invention is a lightweight self-standing wall including a foundation, rod-shaped support members erected on this foundation, and a plurality of cuboid-shaped building lightweight blocks made of lightweight materials stacked on the foundation via an adhesive, wherein at least two of the plurality of building lightweight blocks are provided with a concave portion or a convex portion that fits with a convex portion or a concave portion provided on the back surface, front surface, lower surface, upper surface, right side surface, or left side surface of an adjacent building lightweight block on at least one of the front surface, back surface, upper surface, lower surface, left side surface, and right side surface, and are building lightweight blocks provided with at least one through hole through which the rod-shaped support member penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows in the central portion in the left-right direction.

[0014] With the above configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained according to this lightweight self-standing wall. This lightweight self-standing wall can be constructed by stacking a plurality of building lightweight blocks via an adhesive on a foundation on which rod-shaped support members are erected. And during construction, at least two of the plurality of building lightweight blocks can hold their postures in a state where they are connected to each other by fitting the concave and convex portions provided between them, and in a state where the postures are thus held, it becomes possible to pour an adhesive material into the through holes. Therefore, it becomes possible to construct more easily compared to the above-described conventional technology. In addition, the operation of passing the rod-shaped support member through the through hole of the building lightweight block can be easily performed because the building lightweight block is made of a lightweight material.

[0015] In this lightweight self-standing wall, A first-stage lightweight building block stacked on the base via an adhesive, and a second-stage lightweight building block stacked on the first-stage lightweight building block via an adhesive are provided. The vertical length of the second-stage lightweight building block can be configured to be longer than the vertical length of the first-stage lightweight building block.

[0016] With this configuration, by first stacking the first-stage lightweight building block, which has a shorter vertical length compared to the second-stage lightweight building block, on the base via an adhesive, the horizontal adjustment of the first-stage lightweight building block can be easily and properly performed. Then, by stacking the second-stage lightweight building block, which has a longer vertical length than the first-stage lightweight building block, a lightweight self-supporting wall can be constructed more easily, in a shorter time, and more efficiently compared to the case of stacking only a plurality of the first-stage lightweight building blocks.

[0017] In this lightweight self-supporting wall, A concave portion and a convex portion that fit into each other can be provided on the upper surface of the first-stage lightweight building block and the lower surface of the second-stage lightweight building block.

[0018] With this configuration, by fitting the concave and convex portions provided on the upper surface of the first-stage lightweight building block and the lower surface of the second-stage lightweight building block, the positioning of the second-stage lightweight building block with respect to the first-stage lightweight building block can be easily performed, and an adhesive material can be poured into the through-holes of both lightweight building blocks while maintaining the positioned state, so that a lightweight self-supporting wall can be constructed reliably, easily, and efficiently in a short time.

[0019] In this lightweight self-supporting wall, At the uppermost part of the lightweight self-supporting wall, lightweight building blocks in the shape of a coping are arranged, and recesses and protrusions that fit into each other are provided on the lower surface of the lightweight building block in the shape of a coping and the upper surface of the lightweight building block arranged directly below the lightweight building block in the shape of a coping. With this configuration, a lightweight self-supporting wall having a coping can be easily constructed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] Hereinafter, embodiments of a lightweight block for construction according to the present invention, a lightweight self-standing wall, and a lightweight yard roof using the same will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same parts or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, but in some cases where it is obvious, the reference numerals may be omitted.

[0022] The lightweight building blocks 10 (A1 to H) for construction shown in FIGS. 1 to 34 (mainly described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2) are all Rectangular parallelepiped-shaped lightweight building blocks made of a lightweight material (for example, expanded polystyrene), On at least one of the front surface F, the back surface B, the upper surface U, the lower surface D, the left side surface L, and the right side surface R, there are provided concave portions 12D etc. or convex portions 11U etc. that fit with convex portions 11U etc. or concave portions 12D etc. provided on the back surface B, the front surface F, the lower surface D, the upper surface U, the right side surface R, or the left side surface L of an adjacent lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 shown in FIG. 2), At least one through hole 13 through which a rod-shaped support member 2 (see FIG. 2) penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material (for example, mortar) flows is provided in the central portion C in the left-right direction.

[0023] Due to the above configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained according to this lightweight building block.

[0024] For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when constructing a wall 3A1 or the like by stacking a plurality of lightweight building blocks (e.g., 10A1) on a foundation 1 on which a rod-shaped support member (e.g., a reinforcing bar) 2 is erected, a lightweight building block with the rod-shaped support member 2 passed through the through hole 13 and an adjacent lightweight building block are fitted together with a recess 12D or the like and a protrusion 11U or the like provided therebetween, so that the two lightweight building blocks (10A1) can be held in a connected state. In this state where the posture is held, it is possible to pour an adhesive material into the through hole 13. Therefore, compared with the above-described conventional technology, it is possible to easily construct a structure such as a lightweight self-supporting wall.

[0025] Also, the operation of passing the rod-shaped support member 2 through the through hole 13 of the lightweight building block (the operation of dropping the lightweight building block along the through hole 13 from above the rod-shaped support member 2) can be easily performed because the lightweight building block is made of a lightweight material.

[0026] For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the lightweight self-supporting wall 3 of this embodiment is a lightweight self-supporting wall including a foundation 1, a rod-shaped support member 2 erected on the foundation 1, and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped-shaped lightweight building blocks (10A1) made of a lightweight material stacked on the foundation 1 via an adhesive 14, wherein at least two (all in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) of the plurality of lightweight building blocks as described above, are provided with a recess or a protrusion that fits with a protrusion or a recess provided on the back surface, front surface, lower surface, upper surface, right side surface, or left side surface of an adjacent lightweight building block on at least one of the front surface, back surface, upper surface, lower surface, left side surface, and right side surface, and at least one (two in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) through hole 13 through which the rod-shaped support member 2 passes in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows is provided in the central portion in the left-right direction.

[0027] Since it has the above-described configuration, the lightweight self-supporting wall 3 provides the following operational effects.

[0028] This lightweight self-supporting wall 3A1 can be constructed by stacking a plurality of lightweight building blocks (10A1) via an adhesive 14 on a foundation 1 on which rod-shaped support members 2 are erected. During construction, at least two of the plurality of lightweight building blocks can hold their postures in a state where they are connected to each other by fitting a recess and a protrusion provided between them. In this state where the postures are held, it is possible to pour an adhesive material into the through-hole 13. Therefore, it can be constructed more easily compared to the above-described prior art. In addition, the operation of passing the rod-shaped support member 2 through the through-hole 13 of the lightweight building block can be easily performed because the lightweight building block is made of a lightweight material.

[0029] The lightweight self-supporting wall 3A2 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first-stage lightweight building block 10A1 stacked via an adhesive 14 on a foundation 1, and a second-stage lightweight building block 10A2 stacked via an adhesive 14 on the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1. The vertical length L2 of the second-stage lightweight building block 10A2 is longer than the vertical length L1 of the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1.

[0030] With this configuration, by first stacking the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1, which has a shorter vertical length than the second-stage lightweight building block 10A2, via an adhesive 14 on the foundation 1, the horizontal adjustment of the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1 can be easily and accurately performed. Then, by stacking the second-stage lightweight building block 10A2, which has a longer vertical length than the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1, the lightweight self-supporting wall 3A2 can be constructed more easily, in a shorter time, and more efficiently compared to the case of stacking only a plurality of the first-stage lightweight building blocks 10A1.

[0031] FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of the lightweight building block 10A2 of the second stage. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, on the upper surface U of the lightweight building block 10A1 of the first stage and the lower surface D of the lightweight building block 10A2 of the second stage, a concave portion 12D and a convex portion 11U that fit into each other are provided.

[0032] With such a configuration, by fitting the concave portion 12D and the convex portion 11U provided on the upper surface U of the lightweight building block 10A1 of the first stage and the lower surface D of the lightweight building block 10A2 of the second stage, the positioning of the lightweight building block 10A2 of the second stage with respect to the lightweight building block 10A1 of the first stage can be easily performed, and an adhesive material can be poured into the through holes 13 of both lightweight building blocks while maintaining the state where the positioning of both is made. Therefore, a lightweight self-supporting wall can be constructed reliably, easily, and efficiently in a short time.

[0033] The lightweight building block 10C1 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a concave portion C1 that fits with the convex portion 11L of the lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 in FIG. 9(a)) arranged adjacent in plan view at the right end of the front surface F. Further, the lightweight building block 10C2 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a concave portion C2 that fits with the convex portion 11L of the lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 in FIG. 9(b)) arranged adjacent in plan view at the right end of the back surface B.

[0034] With such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9(a) or (b), in plan view, for example, by fitting the concave and convex portions provided between the lightweight building blocks adjacent and orthogonal to each other (10A1 and 10C1 (or 10C2)), it becomes possible to hold the posture in a state where both lightweight building blocks are connected in an orthogonal state, and in a state where the posture is thus held, it becomes possible to pour an adhesive material into the through holes 13. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily construct a structure such as orthogonal walls, for example.

[0035] Note that the concave-convex relationship of each lightweight building block in Fig. 9(a) or (b) may be reversed, and in the lightweight building blocks 10C1 and 10C2 for construction, even if the concave or convex portion provided on the front or back surface is provided at the left end of the front or back surface, the same operational effects can be obtained.

[0036] The lightweight building blocks 10C3 and 10C4 for construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 respectively have the longitudinal length L2 of the lightweight building blocks 10C1 and 10C2, and are made suitable as the lightweight building blocks for the second stage described above.

[0037] For example, as shown in Fig. 10(f), At the uppermost part of the lightweight self-supporting wall 3A2 (see Fig. 3), a lightweight building block 10G1 in the shape of a coping is arranged. On the lower surface D of this lightweight building block 10G1 in the shape of a coping and on the upper surface U of the lightweight building block 10A2 arranged immediately below this lightweight building block 10G1 in the shape of a coping, a recess GD and a protrusion 11U that fit into each other are provided.

[0038] With such a configuration, a lightweight self-supporting wall having a coping can be easily constructed. Note that when the lightweight self-supporting wall has an intersection in plan view, depending on the inside corner and outside corner, a lightweight building block coping 10G2 for inside corner shown in Fig. 11(a) is attached to the inside corner, and a lightweight building block coping 10G3 for outside corner shown in Fig. 11(b) is attached to the outside corner.

[0039] As shown in Fig. 10, the upper surface U of the lightweight building block 10G1 in the shape of a coping of this embodiment is a tapered surface T that protrudes outside the front surface F or the rear surface B of the lightweight self-supporting wall 3A2, and the lower end U2 of the protruding portion constitutes a drainage portion.

[0040] For example, as shown in Figs. 12 and 34, the lightweight yard roof 4 of this embodiment has a foundation 1, On this foundation 1, there are provided a plurality of lightweight building blocks 10A1, 10A2, etc. stacked via an adhesive 14, and the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3 arranged at intervals, and a roof-shaped lightweight building block 10H erected on the upper parts of these left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3. At the left and right ends of the lower surface of this roof-shaped lightweight building block 10H and at the upper ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls, there are provided a recessed portion HD and a protruding portion 11U that fit into each other.

[0041] With the above configuration, according to this lightweight yard roof 4, as described above, the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3 can be easily constructed, and a roof-shaped lightweight building block 10H is arranged on the upper part thereof. By fitting the recessed portion HD and the protruding portion 11U provided at the left and right ends of the lower surface of this roof-shaped lightweight building block 10H and at the upper ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, the lightweight yard roof can be easily constructed.

[0042] This will be further described in detail below. All of the lightweight building blocks 10(A1 to H) for construction can be made of a known lightweight material (such as expanded polystyrene, etc.) that is sufficiently lighter (at least half or less in weight) than a known concrete block.

[0043] The recessed portion or the protruding portion of the lightweight building block for construction can be provided at an appropriate location according to the use or the placement location of the lightweight building block for construction.

[0044] For example, none of the lightweight building blocks 10B1, 10B2, 10B3 shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 have a recessed portion or a protruding portion provided on the left side surface L. Therefore, such lightweight building blocks 10B1, 10B2, 10B3 are suitable for being arranged at the left end, for example, in the lightweight self-supporting wall 3A1 or the like. In FIG. 34, the lightweight building block 10B2 is illustrated.

[0045] Note that, compared with the lightweight building block 10B1, the lightweight building block 10B2 has a longer length in the left-right direction (doubled in the illustrated example), and the lightweight building block 10B3 is longer in both the left-right direction and the up-down direction (doubled in the illustrated example). The lightweight building block 10B3 is suitable as the lightweight building block of the second stage described above.

[0046] In addition, the lightweight building block 10D1 shown in Fig. 16 has neither a concave portion nor a convex portion on the right side surface R. Therefore, such a lightweight building block 10D1 is suitable for being arranged at the right end, for example, in the lightweight self-supporting wall 3A1 or the like. Although not shown in the drawings, similar to the above-described lightweight building blocks 10B2 and 10B3, those with a longer length in the left-right direction and those with a longer length in both the left-right direction and the up-down direction can be prepared.

[0047] As shown in Fig. 1 and the like, the concave portion 11R and the convex portion 11L provided on the left and right surfaces of the lightweight building block are in the form of ant grooves, which improve the positioning accuracy and connection strength in the left-right direction.

[0048] Fig. 17 is a view showing an example of a lightweight self-supporting wall 3B1 having a slit (opening) S, and Figs. 18 to 21 are views showing lightweight building blocks 10E1 to 10E4 suitable for constructing this lightweight self-supporting wall 3B1. The lightweight self-supporting wall 3B1 having a slit (opening) S is constructed by assembling (connecting) the lightweight building blocks 10E1 to 10E4 shown in Figs. 18 to 21 as shown in Fig. 17. Since this lightweight self-supporting wall 3B1 has convex portions 11L and concave portions 12R on the left and right side surfaces L and R, it is suitable when, for example, other structures 3A1 or the like are connected to the left and right as shown in Fig. 34.

[0049] Fig. 22 is a view showing an example of a lightweight self-supporting wall 3B2 having a slit (opening) S, and Figs. 23 to 26 are views showing lightweight building blocks 10F1 to 10F4 suitable for constructing this lightweight self-supporting wall 3B2. The lightweight self-supporting wall 3B2 having a slit (opening) S is constructed by assembling (connecting) the lightweight building blocks 10F1 to 10F4 for construction shown in FIGS. 13 to 26 as shown in FIG. 22. Since this lightweight self-supporting wall 3B2 has no convex or concave portions on its left and right side surfaces L and R, it is suitable when other structures or the like are not connected to the left and right.

[0050] FIGS. 27 and 28 are views showing the lightweight building blocks 10D1 and 10D2 for construction suitable for constructing, for example, the gatepost 5A1 shown in FIG. 34. By stacking one or more of these lightweight building blocks 10D1 and 10D2, a gatepost (for example, 5A1) of a desired height can be constructed. A capping-like lightweight building block 10G1 with a matching width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0051] FIGS. 29 and 30 are views showing the lightweight building blocks 10D3 and 10D4 for construction suitable for constructing, for example, the gatepost 5A2 shown in FIG. 34. By stacking one or more of these lightweight building blocks 10D3 and 10D4, a gatepost (for example, 5A2) of a desired height can be constructed. A capping-like lightweight building block 10G1 with a matching width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0052] FIGS. 31 and 32 are views showing the lightweight building blocks 10D5 and 10D6 for construction suitable for constructing, for example, the gatepost 5A3 shown in FIG. 34. By stacking one or more of these lightweight building blocks 10D5 and 10D6, a gatepost (for example, 5A3) of a desired height can be constructed. A capping-like lightweight building block 10G1 with a matching width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0053] FIG. 33 is a view showing a specific example of the lightweight building block 10H for construction in the form of a top plate for constructing the above-described yard roof 4. At the four corners of the lightweight block 10H for the ceiling-like building, through holes 13 for pouring in an adhesive material are provided, and on the left and right of the lower surface, recesses 12D(HD) that fit with the convex portions 11U of the left and right lightweight self-standing walls 3A3, 3A3 are provided. On the upper surface U, a gentle taper T that slopes downward from the rear to the front is provided, and on the entire upper surface, a concave groove U1 serving as a gutter is provided. In addition, a drain groove D1 is provided at the front portion of the lower surface D.

[0054] As the adhesive material poured into the through hole 13 of the lightweight block for building as described above, a known adhesive material (for example, mortar) can be adopted. Regarding the lightweight block for building in the first stage (for example, 10A1), it is desirable to stack them on the foundation 1 via an adhesive 14 and use quick-drying mortar as the adhesive material in order to perform horizontal adjustment easily and quickly. Each lightweight block for building that constitutes the structure can be joined appropriately with an adhesive. In particular, it is desirable to join the lightweight blocks for building adjacent vertically with an adhesive as necessary.

[0055] All the structures described above are covered with a net material (for example, a glass fiber net) having appropriate strength, the base is hardened by applying mortar (cationic tight) on the net material, mortar mixed with a waterproofing agent (for example, Manor waterproofing material) is applied again, and finally, a finishing material is applied by painting or the like to complete the construction.

[0056] In addition, the basic construction process as a whole is as follows. (1) Construct the foundation 1 with concrete or concrete blocks and erect rod-shaped support members (for example, reinforcing bars) on the foundation 1 at a predetermined number and at predetermined intervals. (2) Supply an adhesive (including a caulking material) 14 thickly on the upper surface of the foundation 1. (3) Pass the rod-shaped support member 2 through the through hole 13 of the lightweight building block, and drop the first-stage lightweight building block (for example, 10A1) onto the foundation 1, and fix the first-stage lightweight building block (for example, 10A1) onto the foundation 1 with the adhesive 14. When there are adjacent lightweight building blocks on the left and right of this lightweight building block (10A1), arrange them while fitting the concave and convex portions on the left and right surfaces of both blocks by sliding them from above. (4) After arranging the first-stage lightweight building blocks, check the level with a level or the like, and fill the through hole 13 with mortar (preferably quick-drying mortar). (5) After the mortar has dried, stack the lightweight building blocks from the second stage and onwards as necessary. At this time, apply the adhesive 14 between the upper and lower blocks as necessary. (6) After stacking the necessary lightweight building blocks, cover the necessary surfaces (for example, the front and back) of the structure with a net material, and harden the base by applying mortar (cationic titan) on the net material, and apply the mortar mixed with a waterproof agent (for example, manol waterproof material) once again. At this time, when providing a lightweight building block for the coping at the upper part of the wall structure portion, use a net material N having a length sufficient to cover the lightweight building block 10G1 for the coping (see Fig. 10(f)). (7) Finally, apply a finishing material by painting or the like.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped support member 2 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be a rectangular shape or a "く" shape. For the lightweight self-supporting wall, as shown in Fig. 34 for example, it is desirable to arrange the lightweight building blocks 10A1, 10A2, etc. in a staggered pattern.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0058] 1: Foundation 2: Rod-shaped support member 4: Lightweight yard roof 3A1, 3A2: Lightweight self-supporting wall 10A1~H: Lightweight building block 11L, 11U: Protrusion 12D, 12R: Recess 13: Through hole

Claims

1. A lightweight building block in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped made of a lightweight material, wherein concave or convex portions are provided on the upper and lower surfaces, which fit with convex or concave portions provided on the lower and upper surfaces of adjacent lightweight building blocks in the vertical direction, at least one through hole (13) is provided in the central portion in the left - right direction, through which a rod - shaped support member (2) penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material can flow, the convex portion (11U) provided on the upper surface forms a ridge extending in the longitudinal direction along the center line extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the block in plan view, and this ridge (11U) is provided at a position that does not block the through hole (13), on at least one of the left and right side surfaces of the block, a convex portion (11L) extending in the vertical direction is provided, which fits with a concave portion (12R) extending in the vertical direction provided on the right or left side surface of an adjacent lightweight building block in the left - right direction, the convex portion (11L) provided on the left or right side surface extends to the intersection with the ridge (11U) on the upper surface, and the ridge (11U) on the upper surface and the convex portion (11L) provided on the left or right side surface are integrally and closely joined at their intersection, a lightweight building block, characterized in that the concave portion (12R) and the convex portion (11L) provided on the side surface form an ant - groove shape in plan view.

2. A lightweight building block in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped made of a lightweight material, wherein concave or convex portions are provided on the upper and lower surfaces, which fit with convex or concave portions provided on the lower and upper surfaces of adjacent lightweight building blocks in the vertical direction, at least one through hole (13) is provided in the central portion in the left - right direction, through which a rod - shaped support member (2) penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material can flow, the convex portion (11U) provided on the upper surface forms a ridge extending in the longitudinal direction along the center line extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the block in plan view, and this ridge (11U) is provided at a position that does not block the through hole (13), a concave portion (C1) or a convex portion is provided at the left or right end of the front or rear surface, which fits with a convex or concave portion of an adjacent lightweight building block arranged adjacent and intersecting in plan view.

3. A lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a foundation (1), a rod-shaped support member (2) erected on this foundation (1), and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped-shaped lightweight building blocks made of a lightweight material stacked on the foundation (1) via an adhesive (14), wherein at least two vertically adjacent lightweight building blocks among the plurality of lightweight building blocks, are provided with recesses or protrusions on the upper and lower surfaces that fit with protrusions or recesses provided on the lower and upper surfaces of the vertically adjacent lightweight building blocks, at least one through hole (13) through which the rod-shaped support member (2) penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows is provided in the central portion in the left-right direction, the protrusion (11U) provided on the upper surface forms a ridge extending in the longitudinal direction along the center line extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the block in plan view, and this ridge (11U) is provided at a position that does not block the through hole (13), on at least one of the left side surface and the right side surface of the block, a protrusion (11L) extending in the vertical direction that fits with a recess (12R) extending in the vertical direction provided on the right side surface or the left side surface of the vertically adjacent lightweight building block in the left-right direction is provided, the ridge (11U) on the upper surface and the protrusion (11L) provided on the left side surface or the right side surface are tightly integrally connected at the intersection of the two, a lightweight self-supporting wall, characterized in that the recess (12R) and the protrusion (11L) provided on the side surface form an ant groove shape in plan view.

4. In claim 3, a first-stage lightweight building block (10A1) stacked on the foundation (1) via an adhesive (14), and a second-stage lightweight building block (10A2) stacked on the first-stage lightweight building block (10A1) via an adhesive (14) are provided, a lightweight self-supporting wall, characterized in that the vertical length (L2) of the second-stage lightweight building block (10A2) is longer than the vertical length (L1) of the first-stage lightweight building block (10A1).

5. A lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a foundation (1), a rod-shaped support member (2) erected on this foundation (1), and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped-shaped lightweight building blocks made of a lightweight material stacked on the foundation (1) via an adhesive (14), wherein at least two vertically adjacent lightweight building blocks among the plurality of lightweight building blocks, On the upper and lower surfaces, there are provided recesses or protrusions that fit with the protrusions or recesses provided on the lower and upper surfaces of adjacent lightweight building blocks in the vertical direction. In the central portion in the left - right direction, there is provided at least one through - hole (13) through which a rod - shaped support member (2) penetrates in the vertical direction and into which an adhesive material flows. The protrusion (11U) provided on the upper surface forms a ridge extending in the longitudinal direction along the center line extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the block in plan view, and this ridge (11U) is provided at a position that does not block the through - hole (13). Among the plurality of lightweight building blocks, at least two vertically adjacent lightweight building blocks are characterized in that they have an opening (S) that is adjacent in the vertical direction and communicates and opens in a front view, which is different from the through - hole (13) through which the rod - shaped support member (2) penetrates vertically.

6. In any one of Claims 3 to 5, On the topmost part of the lightweight self - supporting wall, a coping - shaped lightweight building block (10G1) is arranged. On the lower surface of this coping - shaped lightweight building block (10G1) and on the upper surface of the lightweight building block arranged immediately below this coping - shaped lightweight building block (10G1), there are provided recesses and protrusions that fit with each other.

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