Laminated materials

Abstract

To provide a laminate member that allows for improved draining properties.SOLUTION: A laminate member 10 comprises a water-permeable plate-shaped surface member 11, and a plate-shaped lower layer member 31 provided at a lower surface side of the surface member 11, and a first water channel 41 is formed between the surface member 11 and the lower layer member 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminated member. [Background technology]

[0002] As a laminated member, Patent Document 1 discloses an impact absorbing member having a three-dimensional reticulated molded body 1, a filler 2 filled in the three-dimensional reticulated molded body 1, and a mat 3 (surface member) placed on the three-dimensional reticulated molded body 1. The mat 3 is water permeable, and an example of the mat is artificial turf. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-51219 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the laminated member disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, there is a demand for further improvement in the drainage of water and the like that passes through (permeates) the water-permeable artificial turf (surface member).

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide a laminated member that can further improve drainage properties. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the laminated member of the present invention comprises a water-permeable plate-shaped surface member and a plate-shaped lower layer member provided on the underside of the surface member, and is characterized in that a first water channel is formed between the surface member and the lower layer member.

[0007] According to the laminated member of the present invention, water that has flowed into the first water channel formed between the surface member and the lower layer member (for example, water that has passed through the surface member) can be discharged through the first water channel, thereby further improving the drainage properties of the laminated member.

[0008] In the laminated member according to the present invention, the lower layer member preferably comprises a plate-shaped base member and a plate-shaped adhesion auxiliary member provided on the surface of the base member to assist in bonding the surface member to the surface side of the base member. This allows the adhesion auxiliary member to assist in bonding the surface member to the surface side of the base member, making it possible to appropriately bond the surface member to the lower layer member and, by extension, the base member with a desired adhesive strength.

[0009] In addition, in the laminated member according to the present invention, it is preferable that a second water channel be formed between the base member and the bonding auxiliary member. With this, when the surface member is bonded to the base member via the bonding auxiliary member, water that has flowed into the second water channel formed between the base member and the bonding auxiliary member can be discharged through the second water channel. As a result, it is possible to further improve the drainage properties of the laminated member.

[0010] In the laminated member according to the present invention, the surface member is preferably artificial turf. This makes it possible to further improve the drainage properties of the laminated member in which artificial turf is used as the surface member. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laminated member that can further improve drainage properties. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1A] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a laminated member 10 according to the present invention. [Figure 1B] 1B is a cross-sectional view of the laminated member 10 taken along line 1B-1B shown in FIG. 1A. [Figure 1C] 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a laminated member 10 in which adjacent first water channels 41 communicate with each other via a communication passage 41b. FIG. [Figure 2] 1B is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a method for manufacturing the laminated member 10 shown in FIG. 1A. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first modified example of a laminated member 110 according to the present invention. [Figure 4A] 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a second modification of a laminated member 210 further including a second water channel 42. FIG. [Figure 4B] 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a second modification of a laminated member 310 further including a second water channel 142. FIG. [Figure 5] 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a third modification of a laminated member 410 further including a third water channel 43. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] An embodiment of a laminated member 10 and a method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and can be embodied in various forms with various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0014] (Laminated material) As shown in FIG. 1A, the laminated member 10 includes a surface member 11, a lower layer member 31, and a first water channel 41. The laminated member 10 includes the surface member 11 and the lower layer member 31 laminated in this order from top to bottom. The surface member 11 is bonded to the lower layer member 31 via a first adhesive layer 21. The lower layer member 31 includes a base member 12 and an adhesion auxiliary member 13. The lower layer member 31 includes the adhesion auxiliary member 13 and the base member 12 laminated in this order from top to bottom. The base member 12 is bonded to the adhesion auxiliary member 13 via a second adhesive layer 22.

[0015] (Surface material) The surface member 11 is a plate-shaped piece of artificial turf. The surface member 11 includes a turf portion 11a, a sheet portion 11b, and a ridge portion 11c. The turf portion 11a includes a large number of lanceolate linear members. The lanceolate linear members are flat, elongated, pointed at the tip, and slightly wider at the base, and are made of, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene.

[0016] The sheet portion 11b is a sheet-like member on which the turf portion 11a is planted, and is made of, for example, polypropylene. The bases of the lanceolate linear members of the turf portion 11a are planted in the sheet portion 11b. For example, the bases of the lanceolate linear members are sewn to the sheet portion 11b. The sewn portions protrude from the back surface of the sheet portion 11b, forming the convex rib portion 11c. In this manner, the convex rib portion 11c is provided on the back surface of the surface member 11, i.e., the back surface of the sheet portion 11b. The convex rib portion 11c is preferably formed from the same material as the sheet portion 11b or the same material as the turf portion 11a. The convex rib portion 11c is preferably a linear convex portion. Note that the convex rib portion 11c may be formed by providing multiple convex portions intermittently on a straight line.

[0017] The ridges 11c protrude from the back surface of the sheet 11b to allow the turf 11a to stand. For example, the base of the turf 11a may penetrate the sheet 11b, and the ridges 11c may be formed to fix the protruding portion. The protruding portion may directly form the ridges 11c, or the ridges 11c may be formed to cover the protruding portion.

[0018] The rear surface of the surface member 11 is preferably coated with, for example, a rubber material. Examples of the rubber material include natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Examples of the synthetic rubber include isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, and silicone rubber.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface member 11 is water permeable as a whole. Specifically, a flow path through which water flows is provided in the sheet portion 11b in the thickness direction, or a flow path through which water flows is provided from the sheet portion 11b to the ridge portion 11c in the thickness direction. These flow paths are preferably formed in a shape that corresponds to the material and formation method of the surface member 11. For example, if the surface member 11 is made of cloth, the spaces formed between the fibers (spaces that originally penetrate the member in the thickness direction) can be used as the flow paths. If the surface member 11 is a member made by collecting and solidifying granular or powdery material, the spaces formed between the granular or powdery material (spaces that originally penetrate the member in the thickness direction) can be used as the flow paths. Furthermore, if the surface member 11 is not made of cloth but is made of a rubber member or a synthetic resin member such as polyethylene or polypropylene (a member that does not have spaces that penetrate in the thickness direction) formed into a plate or sheet shape, through-holes that penetrate these members in the thickness direction can be formed as the flow paths.

[0020] The surface member 11 is not limited to artificial turf, but may be any material that is water permeable, and other materials such as outdoor flooring materials or indoor flooring materials that have the function of absorbing shock may also be used.

[0021] (Lower layer) As described above, the lower layer member 31 includes the base member 12 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13. The base member 12 is an adhesion target member to which the surface member 11 is adhered. The base member 12 is a member that is adhered to the surface member 11 to maintain high strength of the surface member 11. The base member 12 is formed in a plate shape.

[0022] The base member 12 is preferably formed from natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NBR), butadiene rubber (BR), butyl rubber (isobutylene-isoprene rubber) (IIR), silicone rubber, or fluororubber. The base member 12 is formed from foamed rubber, rubber pellets formed by crushing rubber into granules of a predetermined shape such as spheres or cylinders and then solidifying them, or pellet agglomerates formed by agglomerating these pellets. The base member 12 may also be formed from a single piece.

[0023] The adhesion auxiliary member 13 is a member that assists in bonding the surface member 11 and the base member 12. In other words, the adhesion auxiliary member 13 can also be said to be a member that is provided on the back surface of the surface member 11 and that assists in bonding the base member 12 to the back surface side of the surface member 11. In this case, the base member 12 is the member to be bonded to the surface member 11. In addition, the adhesion auxiliary member 13 can also be said to be a member that is provided on the surface of the base member 12 and that assists in bonding the surface member 11 to the front surface side of the base member 12. In this case, the surface member 11 is the member to be bonded to the base member 12.

[0024] The adhesion auxiliary member 13 is formed in a plate shape. The thickness of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is preferably set to a value greater than the height of the ridge portion 11c. In this embodiment, since the height of the ridge portion 11c is approximately 3 mm, the thickness of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is preferably set to a value greater than 5 mm. The adhesion auxiliary member 13 is formed of a soft material having a hardness less than a predetermined value. The hardness is preferably 80 (Shore A) or less, and more preferably 60 (Shore A) or less. Examples of soft materials include polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene (PE, including foam), polypropylene (PP, including foam), nonwoven fabric, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and thermoplastic elastomer. Examples of thermoplastic elastomers include olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPO), polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU), styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPS), and soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

[0025] Nonwoven fabrics include staple fiber nonwoven fabrics and long fiber nonwoven fabrics. Examples of staple fiber nonwoven fabrics include spunlace nonwoven fabrics, which are produced by entangling fibers (especially short fibers) in a web using a high-pressure water stream without using a binder (adhesive); needle-punched nonwoven fabrics, which entangle fibers by reciprocating needles; and thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics using heat-sealed fibers. Examples of long fiber nonwoven fabrics include spunbond nonwoven fabrics, meltblown nonwoven fabrics, and flash-spun nonwoven fabrics. Spunbond nonwoven fabrics are nonwoven fabrics made by melting or dissolving a polymer and layering continuous fibers (filaments) spun from a nozzle onto a moving screen, using one or more bonding methods. Meltblown nonwoven fabrics are nonwoven fabrics made by spinning a polymer into a high-velocity hot gas stream to form fibers, cooling them, and then accumulating them on a moving screen, using one or more bonding methods. Flash-spun nonwoven fabrics are made by spinning a polymer solution through a nozzle under certain conditions, evaporating the solvent immediately after spinning, and then layering the fibers on a moving screen to form highly fibrillated filaments using one or more bonding methods. The polymers mentioned above are high-molecular organic compounds, such as polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, and other thermoplastic resins (synthetic resins).

[0026] Furthermore, the strain of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is preferably set to a value greater than the strain of the base member 12. The adhesion auxiliary member 13 is a member whose strain is within a predetermined range. The predetermined range is preferably 25 to 75%, and more preferably 40 to 60%. The strain is the ratio of the deformation amount ΔL to the original (before deformation) length L (strain = ΔL / L).

[0027] The first adhesive layer 21 is a layer formed from a first adhesive. The first adhesive is preferably an adhesive that does not contain an organic solvent. For example, the first adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive. A hot melt adhesive is an adhesive that is melted by applying heat to bond, and is made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). In this embodiment, a moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is used as the hot melt adhesive. The second adhesive layer 22 is formed from a second adhesive that is the same as the first adhesive.

[0028] The moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is a urethane-based moisture-curing hot melt adhesive whose main component is a urethane prepolymer. The moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is obtained by the reaction of a polyester polyol with an isocyanate compound and has an isocyanate group (NCO) at the terminal. A terminal NCO group of 1 to 3% is particularly preferred. Examples of polyester polyols include polyester polyols obtained by polycondensation of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as malonic acid, succinic acid, and adipic acid, or aromatic carboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, with aliphatic glycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol. The polyester polyol is preferably made from a dicarboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms (e.g., adipic acid, sebacic acid), and more preferably contains 80% or more by weight of a crystalline ester polyol with a melting point of 45°C or higher. The glycol constituting the polyester polyol may be an alcohol having 4 or more carbon atoms (e.g., 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol). Furthermore, as the isocyanate compound, aromatic isocyanates are preferred, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is particularly preferred. Furthermore, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive may contain additives such as tackifiers, waxes, crystal nucleating agents, and antioxidants as needed. Furthermore, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is not limited to urethane-based moisture-curing hot melt adhesives, and polyester-based or acrylic-based moisture-curing hot melt adhesives may also be used.

[0029] When bonding the surface member 11 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is applied to the back surface (application target) of the surface member 11 by roll coating using a roll coater. The moisture-curing hot melt adhesive may be applied only to the front surface (application target) of the adhesion auxiliary member 13, not just to the back surface of the surface member 11, or may be applied to both the back surface of the surface member 11 and the front surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13. When bonding the adhesion auxiliary member 13 and the base member 12, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive may be applied to the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 and / or the front surface of the base member 12.

[0030] An example of a roll coater used in roll coating is the roll coater described in JP 2018-184000 A. This roll coater includes a feed roll, a supply roll, an applicator roll, and a hot melt adhesive reservoir. The molten moisture-curing hot melt adhesive stored in the hot melt adhesive reservoir is supplied from a discharge section between the supply roll and the applicator roll while the target is being fed in one direction by the feed roll. The molten moisture-curing hot melt adhesive supplied between the supply roll and the applicator roll is supplied to the upper surface (coating surface) of the target by the rotation of the supply roll and the applicator roll. The molten moisture-curing hot melt adhesive supplied to the upper surface of the target comes into contact with the lower end of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating applicator roll and is applied to the upper surface of the target.

[0031] To facilitate smooth roll coating, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is preferably solid at room temperature, molten at 100°C or higher, and has a melt viscosity at 140°C (JIS K 6862) of 5 to 15 Pa·s (Pascal seconds). "Solid at room temperature" means solid at 20°C. The temperature range for the molten state can be set appropriately within the range of 100 to 160°C. Furthermore, the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive is preferably a urethane prepolymer containing a crystalline ester polyol. Taking seasonal changes into consideration, the crystalline polyester polyol is preferably (1) solid at room temperature with a melting point of 45°C or higher, and (2) has a solidification time of 1 to 5 minutes at room temperature after melt application. That is, in order for the moisture-curing hot melt adhesive to be applied to a long sheet while being rewound and to dry and cure quickly at room temperature within a specified equipment length, it is preferable that the adhesive contains a crystalline ester polyol, the NCO content of the urethane prepolymer is 1 to 3%, and the number average molecular weight is 1000 to 4000, and more preferably 1500 to 2500.

[0032] The amount of moisture-curing hot melt adhesive applied is 30 to 200 g / m 2 It is preferable that the density is 50 to 150 g / m 2 It is more preferable that the coating method is not limited to roll coating, and spray coating may also be used.

[0033] A particularly preferred spray application method is the curtain spray method, in which a moisture-curable hot melt adhesive is discharged from a plurality of nozzles arranged in a row under heating and pressure, and is spun into threads while being sprayed onto the surface material for lamination. According to the curtain spray method, thread-like molten resin is spun and stretched by a high-temperature, high-velocity air stream, and then sprayed directly onto the surface material for lamination.

[0034] In spray coating, the hot melt adhesive is applied using a well-known spray coating device. One known example of such a spray coating device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-136735. The spray coating device applies a molten moisture-curing hot melt adhesive supplied from a moisture-curing hot melt adhesive storage tank to the adhesive application surface.

[0035] (1st waterway) As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the first water channel 41 is formed between the surface member 11 and the lower layer member 31. The first water channel 41 is a space formed between the lower layer member 31 and a groove 11d formed between adjacent ridge portions 11c. The first water channel 41 extends horizontally along the ridge portions 11c and has openings 41a at both ends. In other words, the laminated member 10 has a plurality of first water channels 41 that are parallel to each other. Water that passes through the surface member 11 flows into the first water channel 41, flows through the first water channel 41, and flows out to the outside from the opening 41a (hereinafter, flowing water is indicated by arrows in Figures 1A to 1C).

[0036] 1C, when the ridge portion 11c has a plurality of ridges 11c1 arranged intermittently in a straight line, the groove 11d is not a single continuous groove, but adjacent grooves 11d communicate with each other via recesses 11c2 formed between the ridges 11c1. In this way, adjacent first water channels 41 communicate with each other via communication passages 41b, and by extending the water channels in a direction different from the direction in which the first water channels 41 extend, it is possible to form the water channels in a network pattern. As a result, it is possible to further improve drainage performance.

[0037] (Laminated member manufacturing method (manufacturing process)) Next, a method (manufacturing steps) for producing the above-mentioned laminated member 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. The method for producing the laminated member 10 includes a first applying step S1, a first pressure-bonding step S3, a second applying step S5, a second pressure-bonding step S7, and a curing step S9.

[0038] (First coating process, first bonding process) In the first application step S1, the hot melt adhesive 22a is applied to at least one of the front surface of the base member 12 and the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13. In this case, the hot melt adhesive 22a is preferably applied by roll coating (described above). In this embodiment, the hot melt adhesive 22a is applied to both the front surface of the base member 12 and the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13. In the roll coating, the hot melt adhesive 22a is applied by a well-known roll coating device (roll coater). The application amount is 30 to 200 g / m 2 It is preferable that the density is 50 to 150 g / m 2 It is more preferable that the coating method is spray coating instead of roll coating.

[0039] In the first pressure-bonding step S3, the base member 12 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13 are pressure-bonded together after the first application step S1. In the first pressure-bonding step S3, the base member 12 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13 are first stacked with their surfaces coated with adhesive 22a (adhesive-coated surfaces) facing each other (if adhesive is applied to only one side, the front surface of the base member 12 is aligned with the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13). Thereafter, the stacked base member 12 and adhesion auxiliary member 13 are compressed by a predetermined compression amount using a press device. As a result, the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is bonded to the base member 12, forming a lower layer member 31. At this time, the lower layer member 31 can be referred to as a base member with an auxiliary member, which is the base member 12 to which the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is bonded.

[0040] The predetermined compression amount is preferably 40 to 60% of the thickness of the object to be compressed, and in this embodiment, this ratio is set to 50%. The compression is carried out for a predetermined time (e.g., 40 seconds). The predetermined time is preferably set to 40 to 80 seconds.

[0041] (Second coating process, second pressure bonding process) In the second application step S5, the hot melt adhesive 21a is applied to at least one of the front surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 and the back surface of the surface member 11. In this case, the hot melt adhesive 21a is preferably applied by roll coating (described above). In this embodiment, the hot melt adhesive 21a is applied to both the front surface of the base member 12 and the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13. The amount of application is 30 to 200 g / m 2 It is preferable that the density is 50 to 150 g / m 2 It is more preferable that the amount of adhesive to be applied is set to an amount that can exhibit the desired adhesive strength and that does not fill the gaps between the ridge portions 11c, i.e., the recesses of the surface member 11, with adhesive. Furthermore, the application method may be spray application instead of roll coating.

[0042] In the second pressure-bonding step S7, the lower layer member 31 and the surface member 11 are pressure-bonded together after the second application step S5. In the second pressure-bonding step S7, the lower layer member 31 and the surface member 11 are first stacked together with the surfaces coated with adhesive 21a (adhesive-coated surfaces) facing each other (if adhesive is applied to only one side, the front surface of the adhesion-assisting member 13 is aligned with the back surface of the surface member 11). Thereafter, the stacked lower layer member 31 and surface member 11 are compressed by a predetermined compression amount using a press device. As a result, the surface member 11 is bonded to the lower layer member 31 to form the laminated member 10. It is preferable that the predetermined compression amount and compression time be set in the same way as in the first pressure-bonding step S3 described above.

[0043] The curing step S9 hardens the adhesives 21a and 22a of the laminated member 10 laminated in the second pressure-bonding step S7, completing the laminated member 10. In the curing step S9, the laminated member 10 after the second pressure-bonding step S7 is stored at a predetermined temperature and humidity for a predetermined time, whereby the hot melt adhesive cools naturally and reacts with moisture (humidification) in the air to harden. The hardening time required for the hot melt adhesive to completely harden through moisture curing is, for example, several hours to several dozen hours. The predetermined time is preferably set to 24 to 72 hours, and in this embodiment, it is set to 24 hours. The predetermined temperature is preferably set to 5 to 40°C, and in this embodiment, it is set to 15 to 30°C (so-called room temperature). The predetermined humidity is preferably set to a relative humidity of 40 to 95%, and in this embodiment, it is set to 45 to 85°C (so-called room humidity). [Example]

[0044] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples and can be practiced in various forms with various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0045] [Table 1]

[0046] The surface members 11, base members 12, adhesion auxiliary members 13, and adhesives shown in Table 1 were used to produce the laminated members 10 of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 and 2.

[0047] The laminated member of Comparative Example 1 includes a surface member 11 and a base member 12, but does not include an adhesive auxiliary member 13. The surface member 11 is artificial turf, and the base member 12 is foam rubber pellets (15 mm thick). The surface member 11 and the base member 12 are bonded together with a chloroprene rubber solvent-based adhesive containing an organic solvent. The laminated member of Comparative Example 2, like Comparative Example 1, includes a surface member 11 and a base member 12, but does not include an adhesive auxiliary member 13. The surface member 11 and the base member 12 are bonded together with a urethane hot melt adhesive that does not contain an organic solvent, rather than using an adhesive that contains an organic solvent. The urethane hot melt adhesive is applied by roll coating as described above. Note that no pressure bonding was performed in Comparative Example 1, whereas in Comparative Example 2, pressure bonding was performed once after the two members were bonded together with the urethane hot melt adhesive.

[0048] Unlike Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the laminated members 10 of Examples 1 and 2 include not only a surface member 11 and a base member 12 but also an adhesive auxiliary member 13. The adhesive auxiliary member 13 is formed of foamed polyethylene and has a thickness of 5 mm. The laminated members 10 of Examples 1 and 2 use the same surface member 11 and base member 12 as those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The laminated members 10 of Examples 1 and 2 do not use an adhesive containing an organic solvent, but are bonded with a urethane-based hot melt adhesive that does not contain an organic solvent. The urethane-based hot melt adhesive is applied by roll coating as described above. In Example 1, the laminated members were bonded together using the urethane-based hot melt adhesive, followed by one press-bonding operation. In Example 2, the laminated members were bonded together using the urethane-based hot melt adhesive, followed by two press-bonding operations.

[0049] The adhesive strength of the laminated members 10 of each example and each comparative example was measured to evaluate the adhesiveness. Specifically, a 50 mm wide and 150 mm long cut was made in the skin of the laminated members 10 of Examples 1 and 2 and the laminated members of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the laminated members were used as test samples in accordance with JIS K6854-1:1999 "Adhesives - Test method for peel adhesion strength - Part 1: 90 degree peel", and measurements were made with a push-pull gauge (force gauge).

[0050] The adhesive strengths in Table 1 are average values for three samples. Note that "material failure" in Table 1 indicates that in the peel test, the surface member 11 did not peel off at the interface with the adhesive auxiliary member 13, but the adhesive auxiliary member 13 broke (material failure), indicating good adhesion between the surface member 11 and the adhesive auxiliary member 13, and therefore good adhesion between the surface member 11 and the base member 12. Note that "interface peeling" in Table 1 indicates that in the peel test, the surface member 11 peeled off at the interface with the adhesive auxiliary member 13 (simple peeling), indicating poor adhesion between the surface member 11 and the adhesive auxiliary member 13, and therefore poor adhesion between the surface member 11 and the base member 12.

[0051] As is clear from Table 1, the laminated member of Comparative Example 1 is evaluated as having good adhesion, with the surface member 11 and base member 12 bonded together by an adhesive containing an organic solvent. However, because the adhesive contains an organic solvent, the laminated member of Comparative Example 1 is not environmentally friendly.

[0052] Therefore, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, there is a demand for the use of environmentally friendly adhesives, and in order to meet this demand, the use of adhesives that do not contain organic solvents has been considered. Specifically, in the laminated member of Comparative Example 2, a urethane-based hot melt adhesive was used as a substitute for adhesive to bond the surface member 11 and the base member 12. In Comparative Example 2, the surface member 11 and the base member 12 peel at the interface with a relatively small force (adhesion strength), and therefore the adhesion is evaluated as not good (poor).

[0053] Based on these results, the inventors discovered that the surface member 11 and the base member 12 can be bonded via an adhesive auxiliary member 13 that assists in bonding the surface member 11 and the base member 12. Specifically, in the laminate members 10 of Examples 1 and 2, the surface member 11 and the base member 12 are bonded via the adhesive auxiliary member 13. As is clear from Table 1, in the laminate members 10 of Examples 1 and 2, the surface member 11 and the base member 12 are bonded relatively more strongly than in Comparative Example 1 by the adhesive auxiliary member 13 that is bonded to the surface member 11 and the base member 12, respectively, with a urethane-based hot melt adhesive. Furthermore, the adhesion of Examples 1 and 2 is evaluated as good because both are material failures. Thus, the laminate members 10 of Examples 1 and 2 can be evaluated as having higher adhesion because of their high adhesive strength.

[0054] (Variation 1) In the above-described embodiment, the convex rib portion 11c is formed on the back surface of the surface member 11 and the surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 is formed flat. However, the convex rib portion 113c may be formed on the surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 13 and the back surface of the surface member 111 may be formed flat. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3 , the laminated member 110 includes the surface member 111, a lower layer member 131, and a first water channel 141, similar to the above-described laminated member 10. The surface member 11 is adhered to the lower layer member 131 via a first adhesive layer 21. The lower layer member 131 includes a base member 112 and an adhesion auxiliary member 113.

[0055] The surface member 111 is a shock-absorbing member that is water-permeable and formed into a plate shape. The surface member 111 is a member with at least a flat back surface, and is formed from, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene. The base member 112 is formed in the same manner as the base member 12 described above. The adhesion assisting member 113 includes a sheet portion 113b formed in a sheet shape and a ridge portion 113c protruding from the surface of the sheet portion 113b. The ridge portion 113c is formed in the same manner as the ridge portion 11c described above. The adhesion assisting member 113 is formed from the same material as the adhesion assisting member 13 described above.

[0056] The first water passage 141 is formed between the surface member 111 and the lower member 131, similar to the first water passage 41 described above. The first water passage 141 is a space formed between the surface member 111 and the groove 113d formed between adjacent ridge portions 113c. The first water passage 141 extends horizontally along the ridge portions 113c and has openings (not shown) at both ends. In other words, the laminated member 110 has a plurality of first water passages 141 that are parallel to each other. Water that passes through the surface member 111 flows into the first water passage 141, flows through the first water passage 141, and flows out to the outside through the openings.

[0057] Next, a description will be given of a manufacturing method (manufacturing steps) for the laminated member 110. Similar to the manufacturing method for the laminated member 10 described above, the manufacturing method for the laminated member 110 includes a first application step S1, a first pressure-bonding step S3, a second application step S5, a second pressure-bonding step S7, and a curing step S9.

[0058] In the first application step S1, a hot melt adhesive is applied to at least one of the front surface of the base member 112 and the back surface of the adhesion auxiliary member 113. In the first pressure-bonding step S3, after the first application step S1, the base member 112 and the adhesion auxiliary member 113 are pressure-bonded together. As a result, the adhesion auxiliary member 113 is bonded to the base member 112, and the lower layer member 131 is formed.

[0059] In the second application step S5, hot melt adhesive is applied to at least one of the front surface of the adhesion assisting member 113 (lower layer member 131) and the back surface of the surface member 111. In the second pressure-bonding step S7, after the second application step S5, the lower layer member 131 and the surface member 111 are pressure-bonded together. As a result, the surface member 111 is bonded to the lower layer member 131 to form the laminated member 110. In the curing step S9, the adhesive of the laminated members 110 laminated in the second pressure-bonding step S7 is cured to complete the laminated member 110.

[0060] (Variation 2: Second Waterway) Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the second water channel 42 (or 142) may be formed between the base member 12 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13. In this case, a recess may be formed in at least one of the base member 12 and the adhesion auxiliary member 13, and the recess may be used as the second water channel 42.

[0061] 4A, similar to the laminated member 10 described above, the laminated member 210 includes a surface member 11, a lower layer member 231, a first water channel 41, and a second water channel 42. The surface member 11 is bonded to the lower layer member 231 via a first adhesive layer 21. The lower layer member 231 includes a base member 212 and an adhesion auxiliary member 213.

[0062] The base member 212 includes a sheet portion 212b formed in a sheet shape and a ridge portion 212c protruding from the surface of the sheet portion 212b. The ridge portion 212c is formed in the same manner as the ridge portion 11c described above. The base member 212 is formed from the same material as the base member 12 described above. The adhesion auxiliary member 213 is formed in the same manner as the adhesion auxiliary member 13 described above, and is water permeable.

[0063] The second water channel 42 is formed between the base member 212 and the adhesion auxiliary member 213. The second water channel 42 is a space formed between the adhesion auxiliary member 213 and a groove 212d formed between adjacent ridge portions 212c. The second water channel 42 extends horizontally along the ridge portions 212c and has openings (not shown) at both ends. In other words, the laminated member 210 has a plurality of second water channels 42 that are parallel to each other. Water (indicated by arrows in the figure) that passes through the adhesion auxiliary member 213 flows into the second water channel 42, flows through the second water channel 42, and flows out to the outside from the opening.

[0064] It is preferable that the adhesion auxiliary member 213 has a communication passage 213e formed therein, which extends in the vertical direction and connects the first water passage 41 and the second water passage 42. This allows water in the first water passage 41 to be introduced into the second water passage 42 and flow out to the outside, and makes it possible for water that has flowed into the first water passage 41 to be efficiently discharged to the outside using not only the first water passage 41 but also the second water passage 42. It is also preferable that the inner diameter, number of the communication passages 213e, and installation locations of the communication passages 213e be set in consideration of the balance between the drainage properties of the adhesion auxiliary member 213 and the cushioning properties of the adhesion auxiliary member 213.

[0065] Furthermore, in the laminated member 210 shown in Figure 4A described above, the second water channel 42 was formed using the groove 212d formed in the base member 212 (formed on the base member 212 side), but as shown in Figure 4B, the second water channel 142 may also be formed using the groove 313d formed in the adhesive auxiliary member 313 (formed on the adhesive auxiliary member 313 side).

[0066] 4B, similar to the laminated member 10 described above, the laminated member 310 includes a surface member 11, a lower layer member 331, a first water channel 41, and a second water channel 142. The surface member 11 is bonded to the lower layer member 331 via a first adhesive layer 21. The lower layer member 331 includes a base member 312 and an adhesion auxiliary member 313.

[0067] The base member 312 is formed in the same manner as the above-described base member 12. The adhesion auxiliary member 313 includes a sheet portion 313b formed in a sheet shape and a ridge portion 313c protruding from the surface of the sheet portion 313b. The ridge portion 313c is formed in the same manner as the above-described ridge portion 11c. The adhesion auxiliary member 313 is formed in the same manner as the above-described adhesion auxiliary member 13, and is water permeable.

[0068] The second water channel 142 is formed between the base member 312 and the adhesion auxiliary member 313. The second water channel 142 is a space formed between the base member 312 and grooves 313d formed between adjacent ridge portions 313c. The second water channel 142 extends horizontally along the ridge portions 313c and has openings (not shown) at both ends. In other words, the laminated member 310 has a plurality of second water channels 142 that are parallel to each other. Water (indicated by arrows in the figure) that passes through the adhesion auxiliary member 313 flows into the second water channel 142, flows through the second water channel 142, and flows out to the outside through the openings.

[0069] It is preferable that the adhesion auxiliary member 313 has a communication passage 313e formed in the same manner as the communication passage 213e, which extends in the vertical direction and connects the first water passage 41 and the second water passage 142. This allows water in the first water passage 41 to be introduced into the second water passage 142 and then discharged to the outside, and the water that has flowed into the first water passage 41 can be efficiently discharged to the outside using not only the first water passage 41 but also the second water passage 142.

[0070] (Variation 3: Third Waterway) Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the third water channel 43 may be formed on the lower surface of the base member 312 of Modification 2. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5 , the laminated member 410 includes a surface member 11, a lower layer member 431, a first water channel 41, a second water channel 142, and a third water channel 43, similar to the above-described laminated member 10. The surface member 11 is bonded to the lower layer member 431 via a first adhesive layer 21. The lower layer member 431 includes a base member 412 and an adhesion auxiliary member 313.

[0071] The adhesion auxiliary member 313 includes a sheet-like sheet portion 313b and a ridge portion 313c protruding from the back surface of the sheet portion 313b. The ridge portion 313c is formed in the same manner as the ridge portion 11c described above. The adhesion auxiliary member 313 includes a groove 313d formed between adjacent ridge portions 313c, and a second water channel 142 formed between the groove 313d and the base member 312. The adhesion auxiliary member 313 is formed in the same manner as the adhesion auxiliary member 13 described above, and includes a communication channel 313e extending in the vertical direction to connect the first water channel 41 and the second water channel 142.

[0072] The base member 412, like the adhesion assisting member 313, includes a sheet portion 412b formed in a sheet shape and a ridge portion 412c protruding from the back surface of the sheet portion 412b. The ridge portion 313c is formed in the same manner as the ridge portion 11c described above. The base member 412 includes a groove 412d formed between adjacent ridge portions 412c and a third water channel 43.

[0073] The third water channel 43 is formed between the base member 412 (groove 412d) and the installation surface SF on which the base member 412 is placed. The third water channel 43 extends horizontally along the ridge portion 412c and has openings (not shown) at both ends. In other words, the laminated member 410 has a plurality of third water channels 43 that are parallel to each other. Water (indicated by arrows in the figure) that passes through the adhesion auxiliary member 313 flows into the third water channel 43, flows through the third water channel 43, and then flows out to the outside through the opening. The third water channel 43 makes it possible to improve drainage between the laminated member 410 and the installation surface SF.

[0074] It is preferable to form a communication passage 313e in the base member 412, similar to the communication passage 213e, which extends in the vertical direction and connects the second water passage 142 (or the second water passage 42) with the third water passage 43. This makes it possible to introduce water in the second water passage 142 into the third water passage 43 and allow it to flow out to the outside, and it becomes possible to efficiently discharge water that has flowed into the second water passage 142 to the outside using not only the second water passage 142 but also the third water passage 43.

[0075] It is also possible to form both the second water channel 42 and the second water channel 142 between the base member and the adhesive auxiliary member. In the above-described first modification, at least one of the base member 112 and the adhesion assisting member 113 may be provided with a second water channel. Furthermore, the second water channel 42 (or 142) is arranged parallel to the first water channel 41 (or 141), but it may be arranged so as to intersect with the first water channel 41 (or 141) in a three-dimensional manner (for example, at an angle of 90 degrees). The above-mentioned laminated members 10, 110, 210, 310 are preferably sheets, and are preferably members formed into a predetermined size (for example, a square shape of several tens of centimeters to several meters) and used by arranging a plurality of them side by side.

[0076] (Actions and Effects of the Embodiments) The laminated members 10, 110, 210, 310 according to the above-described embodiments comprise a water-permeable plate-shaped surface member 11, 111 and a plate-shaped lower layer member 31, 131, 231, 331 provided on the underside of the surface member 11, 111, and a first water channel 41, 141 is formed between the surface member 11, 111 and the lower layer member 31, 131, 231, 331.

[0077] According to this laminated member 10, 110, 210, 310, water that has flowed into the first water passage 41, 141 formed between the surface member 11, 111 and the lower member 31, 131, 231, 331 (for example, water that has passed through the surface member 11, 111) can be discharged through the first water passage 41, 141. As a result, the drainage properties of the laminated member 10, 110, 210, 310 can be further improved.

[0078] Furthermore, in the laminated members 10, 110, 210, 310, it is preferable that the lower layer members 31, 131, 231, 331 comprise a plate-shaped base member 12, 112, 212, 312 and a plate-shaped adhesion auxiliary member 13, 113, 213, 313 provided on the surface of the base member 12, 112, 212, 312 to assist in adhesion of the surface member 11, 111 to the surface side of the base member 12, 112, 212, 312. This allows the adhesive auxiliary members 13, 113, 213, 313 to assist in the adhesion of the surface members 11, 111 to the surface side of the base members 12, 112, 212, 312, making it possible to properly adhere the surface members 11, 111 to the lower members 31, 131, 231, 331 and ultimately to the base members 12, 112, 212, 312 with the desired adhesive strength.

[0079] Furthermore, in the laminated members 210, 310, it is preferable that a second water channel 42, 142 is formed between the base members 212, 312 and the adhesion auxiliary members 213, 313. With this, when the surface member 11 is adhered to the base members 212, 312 via the adhesion auxiliary members 213, 313, water that has flowed into the second water channel 42, 142 formed between the base members 212, 312 and the adhesion auxiliary members 213, 313 can be drained through the second water channel 42, 142. As a result, the drainage properties of the laminated members 210, 310 can be further improved.

[0080] Furthermore, in the laminated members 10, 210, 310, it is preferable that the surface member 11 is artificial turf. This makes it possible to further improve the drainage properties of the laminated members 10, 210, 310 in which artificial turf is used as the surface member 11. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 10,110,210,310...Laminated members, 11,111...Surface members, 31,131,231,331...Lower layer members, 12,112,212,312...Base members, 13,113,213,313...Adhesion auxiliary members, 41,141...First water channel, 42,142...Second water channel.

Claims

1. a water-permeable plate-shaped surface member; a plate-shaped lower layer member provided on the lower surface side of the surface member, A first water channel is formed between the surface member and the lower member, a plurality of linearly extending ridges are formed on the rear surface of the surface member or the surface of the lower layer member; The first water channel is formed between adjacent protruding portions, the plurality of ridges formed on the rear surface of the surface member are made of the same material as the surface member, A laminated member, characterized in that the plurality of ridges formed on the surface of the lower layer member are made of the same material as the lower layer member.

2. A water-permeable plate-shaped surface member; a plate-shaped lower layer member provided on the lower surface side of the surface member, A first water channel is formed between the surface member and the lower member, The lower layer member is A plate-shaped base member; a plate-shaped adhesion assisting member provided on the surface of the base member to assist adhesion of the surface member to the surface side of the base member; Equipped with The adhesive auxiliary member is any one of polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, and nonwoven fabric.

3. 3. The laminated member according to claim 2, wherein a second water channel is formed between the base member and the adhesive auxiliary member.

4. 4. The laminated member according to claim 1, wherein the surface member is artificial turf.

5. A water-permeable plate-shaped surface member; a plate-shaped lower layer member provided on the lower surface side of the surface member, A first water channel is formed between the surface member and the lower member, the surface member is artificial turf; The surface member includes a grass section, a sheet section on which the grass section is planted, and a plurality of protruding stripes protruding from the back surface of the sheet section. the plurality of ridges are sewn portions of the grass portion, The laminated member is characterized in that the first water channel is formed between adjacent convex portions.

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