Cargo handling methods and port facilities

Abstract

To provide a cargo handling method which allows cargo handling to be efficiently performed even in harbor facilities having constraints, and harbor facilities therefor.SOLUTION: There is a method for performing cargo handling on a ship docked at one berth within a port in accordance with a loaded object on the ship, in which the method comprises: the step of performing cargo handling of a solid object by a track travel type cargo handling machine at the berth; and the step of handling a fluid object by a marine loading arm at the berth. An arm foundation of the marine loading arm and a track foundation of the track travel type cargo handling machine are disposed independently of each other for use in the berth.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cargo handling method and a port facility. [Background technology]

[0002] At berths where ships dock to load and unload cargo, cargo handling machinery appropriate for the type of cargo is provided. For example, cranes for loading and unloading containers, unloaders for loading and unloading bulk cargo such as coal and grain, and marine loading arms for loading and unloading liquids and gases are provided at each berth, and ships dock at berths equipped with cargo handling machinery appropriate for the type of cargo to carry out loading and unloading operations.

[0003] Marine loading arms that handle fluids such as LNG are required to ensure high safety during loading and unloading operations. A loading and unloading device for tankers has been proposed to enable safer loading and unloading operations (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-105507). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-105507 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] At a certain port, for example, two berths equipped with an unloader and a marine loading arm are required to load and unload bulk cargo and liquid cargo, respectively. It can be difficult to secure the desired number of berths depending on the size of the port and the depth of the water around the quay. One possible solution is to install both an unloader and a marine loading arm at a single berth and use them depending on the type of cargo on the ship.

[0006] However, because marine loading arms are used to load and unload flammable liquids such as LNG, the earthquake resistance requirements are different from those of other facilities, and it is not easy to simply add a marine loading arm to a berth that is already equipped with other loading machinery such as unloaders.

[0007] The present invention has been made in light of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cargo handling method and port facility that can carry out cargo handling efficiently even in port facilities with restrictions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A loading and unloading method, which is one aspect of the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is a loading and unloading method for a ship docked at a berth in a port, in accordance with the cargo carried by the ship, and includes a step of unloading solid objects at the berth using a track-traveling loading and unloading machine, and a step of unloading liquid objects at the berth using a marine loading arm, and for the berth, an arm foundation for the marine loading arm and a track foundation for the track-traveling loading and unloading machine are provided independently of each other.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is a port facility comprising a berth having a track-traveling cargo handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto ships, a marine loading arm for loading and unloading fluid objects onto the ships, a track foundation for supporting the track-traveling cargo handling machine, and an arm foundation for supporting the marine loading arm, the track foundation and the arm foundation being provided independently of each other.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is a loading and unloading method for loading and unloading a ship docked at a berth in a port, which includes a step of loading and unloading a fluid material onto the ship at the berth using a marine loading arm, wherein an arm foundation for supporting the marine loading arm is provided independently from the surrounding area in a work area where the fluid material is loaded and unloaded, and the marine loading arm is moved on the ground from outside the work area to the work area to load and unload the fluid material.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is a port facility that is movable on the ground between the outside of a working area and the working area, and is equipped with a berth that has a marine loading arm for loading and unloading fluids onto ships in the working area and an arm foundation that supports the marine loading arm in the working area, and the arm foundation is installed independently from the surrounding area. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The cargo handling method and port facility of one aspect of the present invention are capable of handling solid objects and fluid objects even at port facilities with restrictions. The cargo handling method and port facility of another aspect of the present invention are capable of handling fluid objects even at port facilities with restrictions. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a port facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing the marine loading arm of FIG. 2 loading and unloading a fluid material. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a port facility according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] One aspect of the present invention is a loading and unloading method for loading and unloading a ship docked at a berth in a port in accordance with the ship's cargo, and the method comprises the steps of loading and unloading solid objects at the berth using a track-traveling loading and unloading machine and loading and unloading liquid objects at the berth using a marine loading arm, and an arm foundation for the marine loading arm and a track foundation for the track-traveling loading and unloading machine are provided independently for the berth.

[0015] This loading and unloading method involves a process of loading and unloading solid objects using a track-traveled cargo handling machine and a process of loading and unloading fluid objects using a marine loading arm at a single berth. Therefore, even in a relatively small port or a port with few deep water areas, the track-traveled cargo handling machine and the marine loading arm can be used interchangeably depending on the type of cargo being carried by the ship, allowing for the loading and unloading of both solid objects and fluid objects. Furthermore, because the arm foundation and the track foundation are provided independently of each other at the berth, earthquake resistance can also be ensured for the marine loading arm. In other words, this loading and unloading method ensures earthquake resistance for the marine loading arm by separating the foundation of the marine loading arm from the foundation of the track-traveled cargo handling machine, and allows for the loading and unloading of solid objects and fluid objects at the single berth by interchangeably using the marine loading arm and the track-traveled cargo handling machine.

[0016] Preferably, the arm foundation is provided independently of the quay wall of the berth, thereby improving the reliability of ensuring earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm.

[0017] Preferably, the marine loading arm is disposed on a path of movement of the track-traveling cargo handling machine so that the track-traveling cargo handling machine can pass over the marine loading arm. In this manner, cargo can be handled by both cargo handling machines while minimizing the area required for arranging both cargo handling machines at the berth.

[0018] The arm portion of the marine loading arm may be bendable, and the track-traveling cargo handling machine may pass over the marine loading arm in a bent state. By bending the arm portion of the marine loading arm, it is possible to prevent the moving track-traveling cargo handling machine from coming into contact with the marine loading arm.

[0019] The arm portion of the marine loading arm may be rotatable in at least one of a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, and a direction around the axis of the arm portion, and the arm portion may rotate so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled loading machine, allowing the track-traveled loading machine to pass over the marine loading arm. By rotating the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled loading machine, the track-traveled loading machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0020] The arm foundation may preferably include at least one of piles and sheet piles, thereby providing an arm foundation with high earthquake resistance.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention is a port facility that includes a berth having a track-traveling cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto ships, a marine loading arm for loading and unloading fluid objects onto ships, a track foundation for supporting the track-traveling cargo-handling machine, and an arm foundation for supporting the marine loading arm, the track foundation and the arm foundation being provided independently of each other.

[0022] The port facility includes a single berth where the arm foundation for the marine loading arm and the track foundation for the track-traveled cargo-handling machine are installed independently. In other words, the marine loading arm and the track-traveled cargo-handling machine are installed side by side in a single berth. Therefore, even in a relatively small port or a port with relatively few deep waters that cannot accommodate two berths, one for loading solids and one for loading liquids, the track-traveled cargo-handling machine and the marine loading arm can be used selectively depending on the type of cargo being loaded onto the ship at the single berth. Furthermore, because the arm foundation and the track foundation are installed independently in the berth, earthquake resistance can also be ensured for the marine loading arm. In other words, at the port facility, the foundation of the marine loading arm is made independent from the foundation of the track-traveling loading machine, thereby ensuring earthquake resistance for the marine loading arm, and it is possible to use the marine loading arm and the track-traveling loading machine selectively at the same berth to load and unload solid objects and liquid objects.

[0023] Preferably, the arm foundation is provided independently of the quay wall of the berth, thereby improving the reliability of ensuring earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm.

[0024] Preferably, the marine loading arm is disposed on a path of movement of the track-traveling cargo handling machine so that the track-traveling cargo handling machine can pass over the marine loading arm. In this manner, cargo can be handled by both cargo handling machines while minimizing the area required for arranging both cargo handling machines.

[0025] Preferably, the arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable so as not to come into contact with the moving track-traveling cargo-handling machine. By bending the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveling cargo-handling machine, the track-traveling cargo-handling machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0026] Preferably, the arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion so as not to come into contact with the moving track-traveled cargo-handling machine. By rotating the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled cargo-handling machine, the track-traveled cargo-handling machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0027] The arm foundation may preferably include at least one of piles and sheet piles, thereby providing an arm foundation with high earthquake resistance.

[0028] Another aspect of the present invention is a loading method for loading and unloading a vessel docked at a berth in a port, comprising a step of loading and unloading a fluid material onto the vessel at the berth using a marine loading arm, wherein an arm foundation for supporting the marine loading arm is provided independently from the surrounding area in a work area where the fluid material is loaded and unloaded, and the marine loading arm is moved on the ground from outside the work area to the work area to load and unload the fluid material.

[0029] In this loading method, the marine loading arm is made movable, and when loading or unloading fluids, the marine loading arm is moved to the work area to load or unload the fluids. Therefore, when not loading or unloading the fluids, the marine loading arm can be moved to a location that does not interfere with other work. Therefore, even in a relatively small port, for example, fluids can be loaded or unloaded while minimizing the impact on other work. Moreover, because the arm foundation of the marine loading arm is installed independently from the surrounding area, the earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm can be ensured, making it possible to introduce the marine loading arm.

[0030] The method may further include a step of loading solid objects onto a ship using a track-traveled cargo handling machine at the berth, and the track foundation of the track-traveled cargo handling machine and the arm foundation may be provided independently. By further including a step of loading solid objects using a track-traveled cargo handling machine, loading and unloading of solid objects and loading and unloading of fluid objects can be performed at a single berth. By providing the track foundation of the track-traveled cargo handling machine and the arm foundation independently, the earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm can be more reliably ensured.

[0031] Preferably, the arm foundation is provided independently of the quay wall of the berth, thereby further improving the reliability of ensuring earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm.

[0032] A standby area for the marine loading arm may be provided outside the working area, and the marine loading arm may wait in the standby area during the process of loading and unloading the solid object. In this way, it is possible to avoid interfering with the loading and unloading operation of the solid object.

[0033] The working area may be provided on a path of movement of the track-traveling cargo handling machine, thereby reducing the area required for arranging both cargo handling machines.

[0034] The marine loading arm may move under the track-traveling cargo handling machine, or the track-traveling cargo handling machine may move over the marine loading arm, thereby enabling efficient cargo handling operations.

[0035] The marine loading arm may have a bendable arm portion, and the marine loading arm may pass under the track-traveled cargo handling machine or the track-traveled cargo handling machine may pass over the marine loading arm in a bent state. Bending the arm portion of the marine loading arm can prevent the marine loading arm from coming into contact with the track-traveled cargo handling machine.

[0036] Preferably, the arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one of a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, and a direction around the axis of the arm portion, and the arm portion rotates so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled loading machine, so that the marine loading arm moves below the track-traveled loading machine, or the track-traveled loading machine moves over the marine loading arm. By rotating the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled loading machine, the marine loading arm can easily pass below the track-traveled loading machine, and the track-traveled loading machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0037] The arm foundation may preferably include at least one of piles and sheet piles, thereby providing an arm foundation with high earthquake resistance.

[0038] The marine loading arm may be mounted on a self-propelled vehicle having at least one of tires and crawlers, and at least one of an internal combustion engine and a motor, thereby enabling the marine loading arm to easily move between the work area and outside the work area.

[0039] Another aspect of the present invention is a port facility that is movable on the ground between the outside of a work area and the work area, and is equipped with a berth that has a marine loading arm for loading and unloading fluids onto ships in the work area and an arm foundation that supports the marine loading arm in the work area, and the arm foundation is installed independently from the surrounding area.

[0040] The port facility has a movable marine loading arm, which can be moved to a work area when loading or unloading fluids, and moved to a location where it will not interfere with other work when not loading or unloading fluids. Therefore, even in a relatively small port, for example, fluids can be loaded or unloaded while minimizing the impact on other work. Furthermore, because the arm foundation of the marine loading arm is installed independently from the surrounding area, the earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm can be ensured, making it possible to introduce the marine loading arm.

[0041] The berth may further include a track-traveled cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto the ship, and the track foundation supporting the track-traveled cargo-handling machine and the arm foundation may be provided independently. By providing a track-traveled cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects, it is possible to perform both solid object loading and unloading operations and fluid object loading and unloading operations at a single berth. Furthermore, by providing the track foundation and the arm foundation of the track-traveled cargo-handling machine independently, the earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm can be more reliably ensured.

[0042] Preferably, the arm foundation is provided independently of the quay wall of the berth, thereby further improving the reliability of ensuring earthquake resistance of the marine loading arm.

[0043] It is preferable to provide a standby area for the marine loading arm outside the working area, and to position the marine loading arm in the standby area while the track-traveling loading machine is in operation, thereby preventing the loading and unloading of solid objects from being impeded.

[0044] The working area may be provided on a path of movement of the track-traveling cargo handling machine, thereby reducing the area required for arranging both cargo handling machines.

[0045] Preferably, the marine loading arm can move under the track-traveling cargo handling machine, or the track-traveling cargo handling machine can move over the marine loading arm, thereby enabling efficient cargo handling operations.

[0046] Preferably, the arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled cargo handling machine which moves relatively. By bending the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled cargo handling machine, the marine loading arm can easily pass under the track-traveled cargo handling machine, and the track-traveled cargo handling machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0047] Preferably, the arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled cargo-handling machine which moves relatively. By rotating the arm portion of the marine loading arm so as not to come into contact with the track-traveled cargo-handling machine, the marine loading arm can easily pass under the track-traveled cargo-handling machine, and the track-traveled cargo-handling machine can easily pass over the marine loading arm.

[0048] The arm foundation may preferably include at least one of piles and sheet piles, thereby providing an arm foundation with high earthquake resistance.

[0049] The marine loading arm may be mounted on a self-propelled vehicle having at least one of tires and crawlers, and at least one of an internal combustion engine and a motor, thereby enabling the marine loading arm to easily move between the work area and outside the work area.

[0050] The term "berth" includes the area of water where ships anchor and a certain area of the shore (land) adjacent to that area. Furthermore, when one foundation is "independent" from another, it means that the two foundations are structurally separated.

[0051] [Details of the Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0052] First Embodiment 1 and 2 show a port facility according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] [Port facilities] The port facility 1 is equipped with a berth B1 having a track-traveling cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto ships, a marine loading arm 3 for loading and unloading fluid objects onto ships, a track foundation 21 for supporting the track-traveling cargo-handling machine, and an arm foundation 31 for supporting the marine loading arm 3, the track foundation 21 and the arm foundation 31 being provided independently. Note that the figure shows a solid cargo ship S on which solid objects are loaded and unloaded as an example of the ship.

[0054] The marine loading arm (hereinafter also referred to as "MLA") 3 is not particularly limited, and examples include a fully balanced marine arm (FBMA) type, a rotary counterweighted marine arm (RCMA) type, and a double counterweighted marine arm (DCMA) type. The MLA 3 in Figures 1 and 2 is a fixed FBMA type.

[0055] The MLA 3 has a base riser 32 fixed on an arm foundation 31, and an arm unit 33 disposed on the base riser 32. In this embodiment, the arm unit 33 is bendable. Specifically, the arm unit 33 includes an inboard arm 331 and an outboard arm 332 that is bendable relative to the inboard arm 331. The outboard arm 332 has a joint (not shown) that is detachable from a fluid opening of the ship (fluid cargo ship).

[0056] Furthermore, the arm unit 33 of this embodiment is rotatable. Specifically, the inboard arm 331 can rotate horizontally around the base riser 32 (rotation in the left-right direction) and vertically, i.e., in the axial direction of the base riser 32 (rotation in the up-down direction).

[0057] The number of MLAs 3 installed in the berth B1 is not particularly limited, and may be one or more. In Figures 1 and 2, one MLA 3 is installed.

[0058] The track-traveling material handling machine is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an unloader, a crane, etc. The track-traveling material handling machine in FIGS.

[0059] The number of unloaders 2 provided in the berth B1 is not particularly limited, and may be one or more. In Figures 1 and 2, two unloaders 2 are provided.

[0060] The unloader 2 is movable on the track 22. By moving, the unloader 2 can load and unload solid objects from any point on the solid object cargo ship 2. The unloader 2 comprises an unloader arm portion 23, a main body 24 that supports the unloader arm portion 23, and legs 25 that support the main body 24, and the legs 25 have wheels (not shown) at their lower ends. The wheels roll on the track 22, causing the unloader 2 to move.

[0061] The track 22 is placed on each of a pair of track foundations 21. In this embodiment, a quay wall also serves as one of the track foundations 21. This track foundation 21 is made of reinforced concrete and is provided on steel sheet piles 4. The other track foundation 21 is provided parallel to and spaced apart from the one track foundation 21. A fender 9 for ships to dock is provided on one of the track foundations 21 (quay wall). A seawall 10 is provided near the other track foundation 21.

[0062] The arm foundation 31 of the MLA 3 is provided independently from the track foundation 21. In this embodiment, the arm foundations 31 are disposed spaced apart from each other between the pair of track foundations 21. That is, the arm foundations 31 are disposed on the movement path M of the unloader 2. That is, the MLA 3 is disposed on the movement path M of the unloader 2. The arm foundation 31 is provided independently from the quay wall (one of the track foundations 21).

[0063] In the port facility 1, the arm foundation 31 of the MLA 3 is provided independently from the track foundation 21, so sufficient earthquake resistance can be ensured.

[0064] The arm foundation 31 is disposed substantially horizontally on the ground surface and includes a foundation frame 311 for supporting the base riser 32 of the MLA 3, and a plurality of piles 312 for supporting the foundation frame 311. The plurality of piles 312 are driven down to the bearing layer of the ground and are intended to reinforce the foundation frame 311 made of reinforced concrete.

[0065] The unloader 2 can pass over the MLA 3 arranged on its movement path M. In other words, the unloader 2 moves by straddling the MLA 3 with its legs 25. This allows the unloader 2 to move freely within the movement path M, enabling efficient solid object handling operations.

[0066] In this embodiment, the arm section 33 is bendable and rotatable, so when the unloader 2 passes over the MLA 3, the inboard arm 331 and outboard arm 332 are folded and overlapped, and the inboard arm 331 is rotated horizontally so that it is approximately horizontal and approximately parallel to the track 22. In this way, when the unloader 2 passes over the MLA 3, contact between the unloader 2 and the MLA 3 can be prevented.

[0067] [Loading and unloading method] This loading and unloading method is a loading and unloading method for a ship docked at one berth B1 in a port, using different loading and unloading machines depending on the cargo on the ship, and includes a process of loading and unloading solid objects at the berth B1 using an unloader 2 (rail-traveling loading and unloading machine) and a process of loading and unloading fluid objects at the berth B1 using a marine loading arm 3, and for the berth B1, an arm foundation 31 for the marine loading arm 3 and a track foundation 21 for the unloader 2 are provided independently of each other. The order of the solid object loading and fluid object loading processes does not matter.

[0068] In this loading and unloading method, loading and unloading is performed on a ship docked at one berth B1 in a port, depending on the ship's cargo. That is, regardless of whether the ship's cargo is solid, such as a container or bulk cargo, or fluid, such as a liquid or gas, the cargo is unloaded at one (same) berth B1 for any ship carrying that cargo. This berth B1 has an unloader 2 and an MLA 3, and the track foundation 21 of the unloader 2 and the arm foundation 31 of the MLA 3 are installed independently and are not connected to each other. This ensures that the MLA 3 at berth B1 is earthquake-resistant.

[0069] (Solid cargo handling process) In the solid cargo loading process, solid cargo is loaded by the unloader 2 at berth B1. That is, when a solid cargo ship (e.g., a bulk carrier) S carrying solid cargo arrives at berth B1, the unloader 2 performs the loading operation. At berth B1, an MLA 3 is installed on the movement path M of the unloader 2. Since the unloader 2 can pass over the MLA 3, the unloader 2 can load solid cargo from any point on the solid cargo ship S. In this process, as described above, the MLA 3 bends the arm section 33 and rotates horizontally to assume a standby position so as not to come into contact with the unloader 2. The unloader 2 performs the loading operation after passing over the MLA 3 in this standby position, or on top of the MLA 3 in the standby position (i.e., straddling the MLA 3).

[0070] (Fluid cargo handling process) In the fluid loading process, fluids are loaded and unloaded by the marine loading arm 3 at the same berth B1. That is, when a fluid cargo ship (tanker) carrying fluids docks at berth B1, the MLA 3 performs the loading and unloading operation. In the fluid loading process, as shown in FIG. 3, the MLA 3 rotates its arm section 33 toward the sea and extends to assume a working position. In this working position, the tip of the MLA 3 is connected to the cargo ship and loads and unloads fluids onto the fluid cargo ship. In the fluid loading process, it is preferable that the unloader 2 moves to a position away from the MLA 3 and waits. For example, in the fluid loading process, the unloader 2 is positioned at both ends of the track 22 (at the outermost ends of the movement area). Note that the vessel and unloader 2 are not shown in FIG. 3. The fluids loaded and unloaded by the MLA 3 are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include liquefied natural gas, liquefied hydrogen, liquid nitrogen, and liquefied ammonia.

[0071] <Advantages> This cargo handling method is carried out at a port facility 1 equipped with an unloader 2 and an MLA 3 at one berth B1, so even in a relatively small port that cannot accommodate two berths, it is possible to load and unload solid cargo onto a solid cargo ship S and fluid cargo onto a fluid cargo ship at one berth B1. In this port facility 1, the track foundation 21 for the unloader 2 and the arm foundation 31 for the MLA 3, both installed at berth B1, are installed independently of each other, so the earthquake resistance of the MLA 3 can be ensured.

[0072] Furthermore, since the MLA 3 is disposed between a pair of tracks 22 of the unloader 2 and the arm foundation 31 is provided between a pair of track foundations 21, the areas required for disposing the MLA 3 and the unloader 2 can be reduced while the foundations for both can be made independent.

[0073] Second Embodiment 4 and 5 show a port facility according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in the above-described embodiment are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0074] [Port facilities] The port facility 11 is equipped with a berth B2 that is movable on the ground between the outside of the work area 5 and the work area 5, and that is provided with a marine loading arm 6 for loading and unloading fluids onto ships in the work area 5, and an arm foundation 61 that supports the marine loading arm 6 in the work area 5, and the arm foundation 61 is provided independently from the surrounding area. In other words, the arm foundation 61 is provided independently without being connected to the foundations of other structures or equipment.

[0075] Berth B2 in this embodiment has a work area 5, and a waiting area 7 where MLA 6 waits is provided outside this work area 5. Note that both Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the MLA 6 waiting in the waiting area 7.

[0076] The MLA 6 of this embodiment has a base riser 62 and an arm unit 63, and this arm unit 63 includes an inboard arm 631 and an outboard arm 632. Furthermore, the arm unit 63 of this MLA 6 is bendable and rotatable. That is, the MLA 6 can take a standby position and an operating position, similar to the MLA 3 of the first embodiment.

[0077] The MLA 6 has tires 81 and an internal combustion engine (not shown), and is disposed on a self-propelled running body 8. In other words, the MLA 6 is mobile and self-propelled. The MLA 6 travels between the working area 5 and the waiting area 7. The running body 8 may be driven by an operator on board the running body 8, or may be remotely controlled. The running body 8 may have crawlers instead of or in addition to the tires 81. The running body 8 may also have a motor (electric) instead of or in addition to the internal combustion engine.

[0078] In this embodiment, the MLA 6 is disposed on the running body 8, but these can also be called a self-propelled marine loading arm having the MLA 6 main body and the running body 8.

[0079] The number of MLAs 6 arranged in berth B2 is not particularly limited, and may be one or more. In Figures 4 and 5, one MLA 6 is arranged.

[0080] The arm foundation 61 of the MLA 6 is provided independently from the surrounding area. A berth may be provided with a seawall, a control tower, a warehouse, transport facilities for transporting cargo, and roads for accessing these facilities and equipment. The arm foundation 61 is provided independently without being connected to the foundations of these structures and equipment. This makes it possible to ensure earthquake resistance for the arm foundation 61 and the MLA 6. Furthermore, the arm foundation 61 in this embodiment is provided independently from the quay wall.

[0081] The arm foundation 61 has a foundation frame 611 made of reinforced concrete and a plurality of piles 612 that support this foundation frame 611. The piles 612 are driven into the ground so that they reach the supporting layer of the ground. The arm foundation 61 is disposed in the working area 5. In other words, the foundation frame 611 of the arm foundation 61 defines the working area 5.

[0082] The port facility 11 of this embodiment further includes, at berth B2, an unloader 2 (rail-traveling cargo handling machine) for loading and unloading solid objects onto ships, and a track foundation 21 that supports the unloader 2 and has a track 22 attached thereto. The track foundation 21 and arm foundation 61 are provided independently of each other.

[0083] While the unloader 2 is operating, i.e., when the unloader 2 is loading solid objects, the MLA 6 waits in the waiting area 7 outside the working area 5. This does not interfere with the loading and unloading operations of the unloader 2.

[0084] One of the pair of track foundations 21 also serves as a quay wall. The other track foundation 21 is provided parallel to and spaced apart from the one track foundation 21. The arm foundations 61 are provided on the movement path M of the unloader 2. Specifically, the arm foundations 61 are disposed between the pair of track foundations 21 and spaced apart from each other.

[0085] Unloader 2 can pass over MLA 6, and MLA 6 can pass under unloader 2. In other words, unloader 2 and MLA 6 can move relative to each other. This allows for efficient loading and unloading at berth B2.

[0086] When the MLA 6 moves relative to the unloader 2, the inboard arm 631 and outboard arm 632 can be folded and overlapped, and the inboard arm 631 can be rotated so that it is approximately horizontal and approximately parallel to the direction of travel. This makes it possible to prevent contact between the unloader 2 and the MLA 6, which are moving relatively.

[0087] [Loading and unloading method] The loading and unloading method is a method for loading and unloading a vessel docked at one berth B2 in the port, and includes a step of loading and unloading fluid materials onto the vessel at the berth B2 using a marine loading arm 6, in which an arm foundation 61 for supporting the marine loading arm 6 is provided independently from the surrounding area in a working area 5 where the fluid materials are loaded and unloaded, and the marine loading arm 6 is moved on the ground from outside the working area 5 to the working area 5 to load and unload the fluid materials.

[0088] In this loading and unloading method, the MLA 6 moves from a waiting area 7 located outside the working area 5 to the working area 5 to load and unload fluids. The arm base 61 in this working area 5 is installed independently from the surrounding area, ensuring the earthquake resistance of the MLA 6.

[0089] (Fluid cargo handling process) In the fluid loading process, the marine loading arm 3 loads fluid onto a ship at berth B2. That is, when a fluid cargo ship carrying fluid arrives at berth B2, the MLA 6 performs the loading / unloading operation. In the fluid loading process, the unloader 2 moves to a position away from the MLA 3 and waits. Specifically, the unloaders 2 are located at both ends of the track 22. As described in the first embodiment, the MLA 6 waiting in the waiting area 7 bends the arm 63 and rotates horizontally to avoid contact with the unloader 2, and is in a waiting position. The MLA 6 in the waiting position moves from the waiting area 7 to the working area 5 by passing under the unloader 2 using the traveling body 8. In the working area 5, the traveling body 8 grounds outriggers (not shown) attached to the traveling body 8 on the foundation frame 611 of the arm foundation 61. This fixes the position of the traveling body 8 and the MLA 6, preventing unintended movement. Then, as in the first embodiment, the MLA 6 rotates the arm unit 63 toward the sea in the working area 5 and extends it to assume a working position. In this working position, the MLA 6 connects its tip to the fluid cargo ship and begins loading and unloading of the fluid. When the fluid loading process is completed, the MLA 6 assumes a standby position, and the traveling body 8 moves the outriggers away from the foundation body 611 and stores them, then passes under the unloader 2 and moves to the standby area 7.

[0090] (Solid cargo handling process) The loading method of this embodiment further includes a solid cargo loading process. In the solid cargo loading process, solid cargo is loaded by the unloader 2 at berth B2. That is, when a solid cargo ship S loaded with solid cargo arrives at berth B2, the unloader 2 performs the loading operation. When the unloader 2 moves from both ends of the track toward the center of the track, it may pass over the MLA 6 that is moving or stopped in a standby position. Furthermore, the unloader 2 may pass over the MLA 6 that is moving or stopped in a standby position during the loading operation, or may pass over the MLA 6 that is moving or stopped in a standby position after the loading operation and move to both ends of the track. The MLA 6 may pass under the unloader 2 before the unloader 2 starts the loading operation, or may pass under the unloader 2 after the unloader 2 starts the loading operation (during the loading operation). Furthermore, the MLA 6 may wait in the working area 5 if necessary.

[0091] <Advantages> The port facility 11 and the cargo handling method allow the MLA 6 to be movable on the ground, and move the MLA 6 into the work area 5 when handling fluids, and move it outside the work area 5 (waiting area 7) when not handling fluids so that it does not interfere with other work. This makes it possible to handle fluids while minimizing the impact on other work, even in a relatively small port, for example. Furthermore, the arm base 61 is installed independently of the surrounding area at a position corresponding to the work area 5 of the MLA 6, ensuring the earthquake resistance of the MLA 6. This makes it possible to introduce the MLA 6 and handle fluids.

[0092] Furthermore, by further providing an unloader 2 at berth B2, the MLA 6 and unloader 2 can be used depending on the type of cargo being loaded onto the ship, and one berth B2 can be used to load and unload solids onto a solid cargo ship S and liquids onto a liquid cargo ship, making it possible to load and unload both solids and liquids at one berth B2 even in relatively small ports where two berths cannot be installed.

[0093] Furthermore, the working area 5 of the MLA 6 is positioned between a pair of tracks 22 of the unloader 2, and the arm foundation 61 corresponding to the working area 5 is provided between a pair of track foundations 21, so that the area for arranging the MLA 6 and the unloader 2 can be reduced while the respective foundations can be made independent.

[0094] [Other embodiments] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, but is defined by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims.

[0095] The track foundation may be independent from the quay. That is, an independent quay may be provided at the berth, and one (ocean side) of the track foundation may be installed away from the quay. Also, the number of track foundations does not need to be two, and one or three or more may be used.

[0096] The number of tracks of the track-traveling cargo handling machine is not limited to two, but may be three or more.

[0097] The arm foundation is not limited to being disposed between a pair of track foundations of the track-traveled material-handling machine, as long as it is disposed on the travel path of the track-traveled material-handling machine. For example, the unloader and its track foundation may be located further inland than in the above-described embodiment, and the arm foundation and marine loading arm may be disposed between a quay and one of the track foundations (on the sea side) located away from the quay. Furthermore, the arm foundation does not have to be disposed on the travel path of the track-traveled material-handling machine.

[0098] When the marine loading arm is located close to a quay, the arm foundation may be reinforced by driving sheet piles instead of piles.

[0099] The marine loading arm may be capable of either bending or rotating, or may not be capable of bending or rotating, as long as it can avoid contact with the track-traveling cargo handling machine. Also, the marine loading arm may be configured such that the arm portion rotates about an axis of the arm, thereby switching between the standby position and the working position.

[0100] The marine loading arm may be configured such that, instead of or together with the arm portion, the base riser is capable of at least one of bending and rotating in the axial direction of the base riser, thereby avoiding contact with the track-traveling loading machine.

[0101] In the second embodiment, the track-traveling cargo handling machine (unloader) may not be provided. In the second embodiment, when the marine loading arm moves from the standby area to the working area or from the working area to the standby area, it may bypass the track-traveled loading machine instead of passing under it. In this case, the arm portion of the marine loading arm does not need to be able to bend or rotate. [Industrial Applicability]

[0102] The cargo handling method and port facility of the present invention can efficiently handle cargo even in ports with restrictions, and can therefore be applied to various ports and cargo handling operations at those ports. [Explanation of symbols]

[0103] 1,11 Port facilities 2 Unloader (rail-traveling cargo handling machine) 21 Track foundation 22 orbit 23 Unloader arm 24 Main Unit 25 Legs 3,6 Marine Loading Arm (MLA) 31,61 Arm base 311,611 Basic framework 312,612 piles 32,62 Base riser 33,63 Arm section 331,631 Inboard Arm 332,632 Outboard Arm 4 Yaita 5 Working area 7 Standby area 8 Running body 81 Tires 9 Fender 10 Seawall B1, B2 berth M Unloader movement route S Solid cargo line (ship)

Claims

1. A method of handling cargo according to the cargo of a ship that has docked at a berth in a port, comprising the steps of: a step of loading and unloading solid objects at the berth using a track-traveling cargo handling machine; loading and unloading fluid materials at the berth by a marine loading arm; Equipped with A cargo handling method characterized in that an arm foundation for the marine loading arm and a track foundation for the track-traveling cargo handling machine are provided independently of each other for the berth.

2. 2. A cargo handling method according to claim 1, wherein the arm foundation is provided independently of a quay wall of the berth.

3. the marine loading arm is disposed on a travel path of the track-traveling cargo handling machine, 3. A cargo handling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the track-traveling cargo handling machine is capable of passing over the marine loading arm.

4. The arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable, 4. A cargo handling method according to claim 3, wherein the track-traveling cargo handling machine passes over the marine loading arm with the arm portion bent.

5. The arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion, 4. A cargo handling method according to claim 3, wherein the arm portion rotates so as not to come into contact with the track-traveling cargo handling machine, and the track-traveling cargo handling machine passes over the marine loading arm.

6. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the arm foundation comprises at least one of piles and sheet piles.

7. a track-traveling cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto and from a ship; a marine loading arm for loading and unloading fluids onto and from a ship; a track foundation for supporting the track-traveling loading and unloading machine; an arm base for supporting the marine loading arm; a berth having a A port facility characterized in that the track foundation and the arm foundation are provided independently.

8. The port facility according to claim 7, wherein the arm foundation is provided independently from a quay wall of the berth.

9. the marine loading arm is disposed on a travel path of the track-traveling cargo handling machine, 9. The port facility according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the track-traveling cargo handling machine is capable of passing over the marine loading arm.

10. The port facility according to claim 9, wherein the arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable so as not to come into contact with the moving track-traveling cargo-handling machine.

11. 10. The port facility according to claim 9, wherein the arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion so as not to come into contact with the moving track-traveling cargo handling machine.

12. 9. The port facility according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the arm foundation comprises at least one of piles and sheet piles.

13. A method for loading and unloading cargo onto a ship docked at a berth in a port, comprising: a step of loading and unloading fluid onto and from the ship by a marine loading arm at the berth, An arm foundation for supporting the marine loading arm is provided independently in the work area where the fluid is loaded and unloaded without being connected to the foundations of other structures and equipment, A loading method, characterized in that the marine loading arm is moved on the ground from outside the working area to the working area to load and unload the fluid material.

14. a step of loading and unloading solid objects onto and from the ship by a track-traveling cargo-handling machine at the berth, 14. A cargo handling method according to claim 13, wherein a track foundation and an arm foundation of the track-traveling cargo handling machine are provided independently of each other.

15. 15. A cargo handling method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the arm foundation is provided independently from a quay wall of the berth.

16. providing a standby area for the marine loading arm outside the working area; 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the marine loading arm waits in the waiting area during the step of loading the solid object.

17. 15. A method for handling materials according to claim 14, wherein the working area is provided on a travel path of the track-traveling material handling machine.

18. 18. A method of handling cargo according to claim 17, wherein the marine loading arm travels below the track-traveled cargo handling machine, or the track-traveled cargo handling machine travels above the marine loading arm.

19. The arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable, 19. A cargo handling method according to claim 18, wherein the marine loading arm passes under the track-traveling cargo handling machine or the track-traveling cargo handling machine passes over the marine loading arm in a state in which the arm portion is bent.

20. The arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion, 19. A loading and unloading method according to claim 18, wherein the arm portion rotates so as not to come into contact with the track-traveling loading machine, and the marine loading arm moves below the track-traveling loading machine, or the track-traveling loading machine moves over the marine loading arm.

21. 15. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein the arm foundation comprises at least one of piles and sheet piles.

22. 15. A loading and unloading method according to claim 13 or claim 14, wherein the marine loading arm has at least one of tires and crawlers, and at least one of an internal combustion engine and a motor, and is disposed on a self-propelled running body.

23. a marine loading arm that is movable on the ground between the outside of the work area and the work area and that loads and unloads fluids onto and from the ship in the work area; an arm base for supporting the marine loading arm in the working area; equipped with a berth A port facility characterized in that the arm foundation is provided independently without being connected to the foundations of other structures and equipment.

24. The ship further includes a track-traveling cargo-handling machine for loading and unloading solid objects onto and from the ship, 24. The port facility according to claim 23, wherein a track foundation supporting the track-traveling cargo-handling machine and the arm foundation are provided independently of each other.

25. 25. The port facility according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the arm foundation is provided independently from a quay wall of the berth.

26. providing a standby area for the marine loading arm outside the working area; 25. The port facility of claim 24, wherein the marine loading arm is positioned in the waiting area while the track-traveled cargo handling machine is in operation.

27. 25. The port facility according to claim 24, wherein the work area is provided on a travel path of the track-traveling cargo handling machine.

28. 25. The port facility of claim 24, wherein the marine loading arm is movable beneath the track-traveled cargo handling machine or the track-traveled cargo handling machine is movable above the marine loading arm.

29. 29. The port facility according to claim 28, wherein the arm portion of the marine loading arm is bendable so as not to come into contact with the track-traveling cargo handling machine which moves relatively.

30. 29. The port facility according to claim 28, wherein the arm portion of the marine loading arm is rotatable in at least one direction selected from the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the direction around the axis of the arm portion so as not to come into contact with the track-traveling cargo handling machine moving relatively.

31. 25. The port facility according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the arm foundation comprises at least one of piles and sheet piles.

32. 25. The port facility according to claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the marine loading arm has at least one of a tire and a crawler, and at least one of an internal combustion engine and a motor, and is disposed on a self-propelled running body.

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