Furnace for melting vitrifiable materials

Abstract

The furnace (1) for melting vitrifiable materials has a modular composite wall structure, each comprising two flat metal panels (3a, 3b) separated by a gap (4) for the circulation of cooling water.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a furnace for melting vitrifiable material or waste materials containing same. [Background technology]

[0002] Furnaces intended for melting vitrifiable materials are known on the market.

[0003] Such furnaces must reach temperatures ranging from 1200°C to 1600°C in order to accurately and completely melt the vitrifiable material, the composition of which may change over time.

[0004] To find industrial application on a large scale, the furnace must be simple and economical, but obviously have a solid structure, which must be able to withstand the extremely high temperatures reached.

[0005] Although functional, the various solutions on the market are however characterized by insufficient versatility of use, and therefore often cannot be flexibly adapted to specific applications.

[0006] Patent Document 1 discloses a furnace that, due to its configuration, may be characterized by several drawbacks for industrial use, among them the risk of blockage after a certain period of operation. Indeed, due to the intense foaming of the melt inside the furnace, droplets or large blocks of melt can be taken up with the hot gas. Upon entering the cooler part of the outlet riser channel, these droplets or blocks rapidly freeze, thereby completely blocking the outlet channel. A pressure pulse field of hot gas is thus created inside the furnace above the melt. These pressure pulses above the melt create extremely large pulses of melt jets at the furnace outlet. This can then lead to a significant deterioration in product quality at the outlet from the fiberization unit. Furthermore, due to the contours of the outlet channel, large chunks of melt can be sent into the flue. The chimney usually has weaker thermal protection than the furnace itself. Therefore, there may also be a risk of complete blockage or wear of the flue material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0236846 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to realize a furnace for melting vitrifiable materials which makes it possible to eliminate the technical disadvantages of the prior art.

[0009] Within the scope of this technical problem, the object of the present invention is to realize a furnace for melting vitrifiable materials that is robust, simple and economical in construction, and easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a furnace for melting vitrifiable materials that can be easily adapted to a particular application.

[0011] The technical problem and these and other objects of the present invention are achieved by realizing a furnace for melting vitrifiable materials, characterized in that it has a modular, composable wall structure, each comprising a pair of flat metal panels separated by a gap for the circulation of cooling water. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In one embodiment, the gap has baffles to direct water.

[0013] In one embodiment, the induction baffle is formed by a flat metal strip fixed perpendicular to the two panels.

[0014] In one embodiment, the panels of each module are connected by bolts that cross the gap.

[0015] In one embodiment, the module has a peripheral coupling flange.

[0016] In one embodiment, the wall structure comprises at least one bottom module, a boundary module for cooperating with the bottom module to demarcate the boundary of the melt tank, at least one top module having an exhaust opening for exhausting gas produced in the melt tank, and a boundary module for demarcating the boundary of an upward conveying labyrinth channel for conveying the gas upward from a port of the melt tank to the exhaust opening.

[0017] The furnace is provided with a combustor that can cooperate from below when added through a bottom module, from the side when added through a boundary module for demarcating the boundary of the melting tank, or from above when added through a boundary module for demarcating the boundary of the labyrinth channel.

[0018] In one embodiment, the boundary module for demarcating the labyrinth channel comprises at least one upwardly sloping module that overlaps a port of a melter tank.

[0019] In one embodiment, the inclined module projects upward inside the wall structure, hi one embodiment, the side of the inclined module facing the melter tank delimits a deposition compartment for depositing the gas-borne material.

[0020] In one embodiment, the labyrinth path has passages with different areas for accelerating and decelerating the ascending gas flow.

[0021] In one embodiment, the solidified material deposited in the deposition compartment forms a sliding surface for another material that slides against the molten bath.

[0022] The upwardly inclined module is advantageously arranged as a barrier that blocks the ascending gas flow and thereby facilitates separating from the ascending gas flow particles of solidified material that slide along the inclined module back into the melting bath.

[0023] The present invention also provides a furnace for melting vitrifiable material, comprising a composable wall structure comprising at least one bottom module, a boundary module for demarcating a boundary of a melting tank in cooperation with said bottom module, at least one top module with an exhaust opening for exhausting gases produced in the melting tank, and a boundary module for demarcating an upward conveying labyrinth channel for conveying said gases upward from a port of the melting tank to said exhaust opening, said boundary module for demarcating the boundary of said labyrinth channel being The present invention discloses a furnace comprising at least one upwardly inclined module overlapping a port of a melting tank, the inclined module protruding upward inside the wall structure, the bottom module being rectangular or square in shape and having a dimension of each peripheral side ranging between 2 m and 4 m, and having parallel rows of longitudinal openings for accommodating combustors parallel to two opposite peripheral sides of the bottom module, the longitudinal openings having a pitch ranging between 0.3 m and 0.6 m and a distance from the peripheral sides ranging between 0.1 m and 0.7 m.

[0024] A furnace conceived in this way has many advantages.

[0025] The furnace is extremely easy to assemble and disassemble, clean and maintain due to its modular and configurable construction.

[0026] The shape, dimensions and proportions between the various parts can be flexibly adapted to the particular application.

[0027] Modules formed by flat metal panels and straight metal strips are very easy to assemble.

[0028] The components of the module, in particular the metal panels, metal strips and hardware, are easy to manufacture without complex mechanical processes and / or are readily commercially available.

[0029] From a functional standpoint, water cooling maintains structural integrity by significantly extending the life expectancy of the furnace, also due to the special configuration and arrangement of water channeling that allows for uniform cooling of the modules.

[0030] The chimney, which is the top of the furnace with the gas exhaust opening, is completely protected by an upward conveying labyrinth channel for conveying said gases upwards and there is no risk of interference from splashes of material coming from the melting tank.

[0031] The upward conveying labyrinth channel subjects the gases created in the melting tank to a turbulent action that promotes the precipitation of the material carried by the gases themselves, so that this material does not block the chimney, but can be collected in the deposition compartment and then guided back into the melting tank.

[0032] Certain embodiments of the labyrinth channel with an oblique module reduce the presence of droplets of solidified molten material in the plume. The labyrinth path ensures that plume contacting the upper oblique module attaches immobilized droplets to the wall of the oblique module, and subsequent dripping along the wall returns the material to the melting bath. Additionally, a vortex or air circulation system across the narrow portion of the labyrinth channel significantly increases velocity in subsequent passages with larger areas, then decreases velocity, resulting in the deposition of droplets of solidified material, creating a material pile that can be removed by hand or deposited toward the melting bath, creating an internal sliding surface (made of the deposited material) for further particle deposition.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be pointed out that, on the one hand, the labyrinth channel shields the chimney from the radiation emitted by the material present in the melting tank, protecting it from excessive heating, and, on the other hand, reflects these radiations towards the inside of the melting tank.

[0034] The reflected radiation cooperates for the melting of the material present in the melting tank, thus increasing the thermal efficiency of the furnace.

[0035] Flue gases can also be recovered to further improve the thermal efficiency of the furnace.

[0036] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of preferred, but not exclusive, embodiments of a furnace for melting vitrifiable material according to the invention, shown by way of non-limiting example only in the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0037] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic exploded view of a first embodiment of a furnace; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a top view of the furnace of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 shows a vertical cross section of the furnace of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a second embodiment of the furnace. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a top view of the furnace of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 shows a vertical cross section of the furnace of FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a side view of a possible module of wall construction with the panels shown transparent and bolts omitted for the purpose of understanding the internal channeling of the module. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the module taken along line GG in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the module taken along line DD in FIG. 7. [Figure 10] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the module taken along line AA in FIG. 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] Equivalent parts of the various embodiments are designated with the same reference numerals.

[0039] Referring to the above figures, a furnace for melting vitrifiable material, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, is shown.

[0040] The furnace 1 has a composable wall structure formed by modules 2i, 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v, 2vi, 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi, 2xii, each having panels 3a, 3b separated by a gap 4 for the circulation of cooling water.

[0041] The panels 3a, 3b are preferably flat.

[0042] The panels 3a, 3b are also preferably made of metal, especially steel.

[0043] Each module comprises, more precisely, two parallel panels 3 a , 3 b separated by a gap 4 .

[0044] The gap 4 between the two panels 3a, 3b has baffles 5a, 5b to guide the water.

[0045] Each module has at least one water inlet collector 15 and at least one water outlet collector 16 and is configured for hydraulic connection in series or parallel with adjacent modules.

[0046] The baffles 5a, 5b are formed by flat metal strips, in particular steel.

[0047] The baffles 5a and 5b are fixed perpendicular to the panels 3a and 3b.

[0048] The panels 3 a, 3 b are connected by a bolt 7 that crosses the gap 4 .

[0049] The bolts 7 provide resistance to the expansion of the panels 3a, 3b subjected to the pressure of the water circulating inside the module, which can reach 10 bar.

[0050] In particular, the baffles 5a, 5b are welded to the panels 3a, 3b positioned on the side of the melting tank and are simply fastened by bolts 7 to the panels 3a, 3b positioned on the side facing the melting tank.

[0051] The baffles 5a, 5b consist of an inner baffle 5a of the module 2 and a peripheral baffle 5b of the module which closes the gap 4 on the periphery.

[0052] The inner baffles 5a are aligned in a row of parallel baffles separated from the peripheral baffles 5b by a passage space 21.

[0053] The inner baffles 5a separate straight sections 22 of the water channel which are connected by 180° curved sections 23 of the water channel which contain passage spaces 21 and are bounded by peripheral baffles 5b.

[0054] The water channeling within the module is thus formed by water channels running as coils.

[0055] In vertically oriented or sloped wall modules, the water channels have straight sections 22 of the water channels oriented horizontally.

[0056] In this way, the creation of pockets of stagnant water, which, if present, could alter the correct heat exchange with the subsequent risk of damaging the wall structure, is prevented.

[0057] The modules of the wall structure can have different shapes and sizes and have peripheral flanges for interconnection.

[0058] The modules may be bolted or welded or both bolted and welded together.

[0059] The panels 3a, 3b of the module may have the same shape but different dimensions.

[0060] In this case, a peripheral baffle 5b can be applied along the peripheral edge of the smaller panel 3b.

[0061] Some peripheral baffles 5b may have a height greater than the gap 4 and may protrude perpendicularly from one of the panels 3a, 3b.

[0062] The protruding flaps 8a of the perimeter baffle 5b can therefore act as perimeter flanges for joining to adjacent modules.

[0063] Some of the peripheral baffles 5b may extend in a retracted position against at least some sides of the peripheral edge of the larger panel 3a.

[0064] The flap 8b of the larger panel 3a that lies between its peripheral edge and the peripheral baffle 5b can therefore act as a peripheral flange for joining to the adjacent module.

[0065] The flanges 8a, 8b of adjacent modules are connected by fixing bolts. The wall structure comprises at least one bottom module 2i with an opening 10 for accommodating a combustor (not shown), boundary modules 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v for demarcating the boundary of the melter tank 11 in cooperation with the bottom module 2i, at least one top module 2xii with an exhaust opening 14 for exhausting gases produced in the melter tank 11, and boundary modules 2vi, 2vii, 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi for demarcating an upward conveying labyrinth channel 17 for conveying said gases upward from a port of the melter tank 11 to the exhaust opening 14.

[0066] In the illustrated case, the combustor is installed from the bottom of the melting tank, but in other solutions the combustor can be installed on one side of the melting tank or from the top of the melting tank.

[0067] The boundary module for delimiting the labyrinth channel 17 comprises at least one upwardly inclined module 2 vi which overlaps a port of the melting tank 11 .

[0068] The inclined modules 2vi protrude upwards inside the wall structure and, on their side 24 adjacent to the melting tank 11, shield the exhaust opening 14 from splashes of material coming from the melting tank 11, and, on their side 25 facing the melting tank 11, delimit a deposition compartment 18 for depositing material carried by the gas.

[0069] The deposit compartment 18 can be accessed through a suitable door 19 for emptying the material.

[0070] Reference is now made to the embodiment shown in FIGS.

[0071] In this case, the boundary module for delimiting the boundary of the labyrinth channel 17 comprises at least an upwardly inclined second module 2vii which protrudes inside the wall structure and overlaps the port of the melting tank 11 which joins towards the first inclined module 2vi.

[0072] More precisely, the first inclined module 2vi partially overlaps the port of the melting tank 11, and the second inclined module 2vii partially overlaps the port of the melting tank 11 and extends until it overlaps the first inclined module 2vi.

[0073] The labyrinth channel 17 therefore has at least one passage portion that is completely shielded from the ports of the melting tank 11 .

[0074] The wall structure of the furnace 1 comprises a rectangular bottom module 2i, a first row of four vertical modules 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v perpendicular to one another for delimiting the boundary of the melting tank 11, a second row of two vertical modules 2ii, 2v parallel to one another and coplanar with the two modules 2ii, 2v of the first row that cooperate to delimit the boundary of the melting tank 11, a third row of four vertical modules 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi perpendicular to one another, two upwardly inclined modules 2vi, 2vii delimiting the boundary of the labyrinth channel 17, and an upper module 2xii.

[0075] In this case, the four vertical modules 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v of the first column are rectangular, the two vertical modules 2ii, 2v of the second column are triangular, the two inclined modules 2vi, 2vii are rectangular, the two parallel vertical modules 2x, 2xi of the third column are rectangular but with different heights, the other two parallel vertical modules 2viii, 2ix of the third column are trapezoidal and the upper module 2xii is rectangular.

[0076] Each of the two sets of coplanar modules is formed by a first row of rectangular modules, a second row of triangular modules, and a third row of trapezoidal modules.

[0077] The modules are all joined together on the periphery, except for two inclined modules 2vi, 2vii, which are joined along their middle parts on one side of the covering modules 2xi, 2x.

[0078] Reference is now made to the embodiment shown in FIGS.

[0079] In this case, the boundary modules for delimiting the labyrinth channel 17 comprise at least second upwardly inclined modules 2 vii alternating with the ports of the melting tank 11 .

[0080] The first inclined module 2vi completely overlaps the port of the melter tank 11 and extends towards the second inclined module 2vii.

[0081] The labyrinth channel 17 therefore has at least one passage portion that is completely shielded from the ports of the melting tank 11 .

[0082] The wall structure of the furnace 1 comprises a rectangular bottom module 2i, a first row of four vertical boundary modules 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v perpendicular to one another for delimiting the boundary of the melting tank 11, two upwardly inclined boundary modules 2vi, 2vii for delimiting the boundary of the labyrinth channel 17 together with a second row of four vertical modules 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi perpendicular to one another, and an upper module 2xii.

[0083] In this case, the two parallel vertical modules 2iii, 2iv of the first column are rectangular, the other two parallel vertical modules 2ii, 2v of the first column are pentagonal, the two inclined modules 2vi, 2vii are rectangular, the two parallel vertical modules 2x, 2xi of the second column are rectangular, the other two parallel vertical modules 2viii, 2ix of the second column are pentagonal, and the top module 2xii is rectangular.

[0084] The pentagonal modules of the first and second rows of a pair are coplanar and joined along one side thereof.

[0085] The first inclined module 2vi, which completely overlaps the melting tank 11, is joined along three of its four sides to the two pentagonal modules 2ii, 2v and to the corresponding sides of the rectangular module iv of the first row.

[0086] The second inclined module 2vii is coupled along one side to the corresponding side of the rectangular module 2iii in the first row, and along its other three sides to the two pentagonal modules 2ii, 2v, and the corresponding side of the rectangular module 2iii in the second row.

[0087] The modules are all joined together around the periphery, except for a first inclined module 2vi which is joined along its middle part to one side of the covering module 2xi.

[0088] A furnace for melting vitrifiable material according to an embodiment of the present invention does not strictly require a water cooling module.

[0089] Whether or not a water-cooled module is provided, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom module 2i is rectangular or square, has a dimension of each peripheral side ranging between 2 m and 4 m, preferably between 2.5 m and 3 m, and has parallel rows of longitudinal openings 10 for accommodating combustors, these openings 10 being parallel to two opposite peripheral sides of the bottom module 2i, with a pitch ranging between 0.3 m and 0.6 m, preferably between 0.35 m and 0.5 m, and a distance from the peripheral sides of the bottom module 2i ranging between 0.1 m and 0.7 m.

[0090] The location of the combustor at the bottom of the furnace has a very significant effect on the speed and quality of the melting process.

[0091] An incorrectly positioned combustor can sometimes lead to significant degradation of the melting process, and in some cases, complete shutdown.

[0092] A batch inlet 12 is arranged from one side of the melter tank 11, for example from the side of module 2iv.

[0093] Furthermore, raw materials can be fed from the top of the melt tank 11, for example on modules 2vi.

[0094] The melt outlets 13 are preferably located on opposite sides of module 2iii, but if desired, the melt outlets can be located on the left and right sides on modules 2ii and 2v.

[0095] Furthermore, the melt outlet can be located in the bottom module of the furnace 2i.

[0096] The batch can be fed below or above the melt level.

[0097] The melting tank 11 may have several doors for access to the inside, which are not shown for the sake of simplicity, in order to monitor the conditions inside the furnace and to clean the solidified particles.

[0098] Proper organization of smoke evacuation from the furnace is very important.

[0099] Due to the strong bubbling of the melt inside the melt tank 11, droplets or large blocks of melt can be taken along by the hot gas. When entering the cooler part of the labyrinth channel 17, these droplets or blocks cool down rapidly.

[0100] If the outlet labyrinth channel 17 is incorrectly contoured, during furnace operation, cooled droplets or blocks can completely block the outlet labyrinth channel 17.

[0101] Thus, a pressure pulse field of hot gas can be created in the furnace above the melt tank 11 .

[0102] These pressure pulses above the melt tank 11 can create very large pulses of molten jet at the furnace exit.

[0103] Therefore, pulsing of the melt power of the furnace can lead to a significant deterioration of the product quality at the exit from the fiberization unit.

[0104] Furthermore, due to an incorrect contour of the outlet labyrinth channel 17, large chunks of melt can be ejected into the flow.

[0105] The labyrinth channel 17 usually has weaker thermal protection than the furnace itself and therefore there is a greater risk of complete blockage or wear of the flow material.

[0106] Advantageously, the roof of the furnace is formed by two inclined modules 2vi and 2vii.

[0107] Both modules 2vi and 2vii are inclined and extend upwardly from boundary modules 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v for delimiting the boundary of the melting tank 11, the inclined modules being either contained within the vertical peripheral generatrices of the base modules or at least one can extend outside these.

[0108] Both modules 2 vi and 2 vii form a tapered rectangular labyrinth channel 17 .

[0109] The angle of the module 2vi with the horizontal surface can range from 5 degrees to 20 degrees.

[0110] The angle of the module 2vii with the horizontal surface can range from 20 degrees to 60 degrees.

[0111] Typically, in a furnace according to the invention, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the labyrinth channel 17 is 0.5 m, which provides for a melt gas flow velocity of 10 m / s to 20 m / s. 2 From 2.5m 2 The range is up to.

[0112] The overall outlet section 14 may be rectangular or square and its total flow area should be two to three times the minimum flow area.

[0113] The furnace for melting vitrifiable materials thus conceived is susceptible to many modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept, and all details may furthermore be replaced with technically equivalent elements.

[0114] In fact, the materials used and the dimensions can be anything according to the needs and state of the art. [Explanation of symbols]

[0115] 1 furnace 2i, 2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v, 2vi, 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi, 2xii modules Panels 3a and 3b 4 Gap 5a, 5b baffles 7 volts 8a, 8b flange 10 Opening 11 Melting Tank 12 Batch inlet 13 Melting outlet 14 Exhaust opening 15 Water inlet collector 16 Water outlet collector 17 Upward conveying labyrinth channel 18 Sedimentary Section 19 Doors 21 Passage space 22 Straight section

Claims

1. The furnace (1) for melting vitrifiable materials has a modular wall structure formed by modules, each of which comprises two flat metal panels (3a, 3b) separated by a gap (4) for the circulation of cooling water, said wall structure comprising at least one bottom module (2i), boundary modules (2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v) for delimiting the boundary of a melting tank (11) in cooperation with said bottom module (2i), and at least one upper module (2xii) provided with exhaust openings (14) for exhausting gases produced in said melting tank (11). ), and boundary modules (2vi, 2vii, 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi) for demarcating an upward conveying labyrinth channel (17) for conveying the gas upward from a port of the melting tank (11) to the exhaust opening (14), characterized in that the boundary modules for demarcating the labyrinth channel (17) comprise at least one upwardly inclined module (2vi) overlapping the port of the melting tank (11), the inclined module (2vi) protruding upward inside the wall structure.

2. 2. A furnace (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap (4) has baffles (5a, 5b) for directing water.

3. 3. A furnace (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the induction baffles (5a, 5b) are formed by flat metal strips fixed perpendicular to the two panels (3a, 3b).

4. 4. A furnace (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the baffles (5a, 5b) consist of inner baffles (5a) of the module and peripheral baffles (5b) of the module which close the gaps (4) on their periphery, the inner baffles (5a) being aligned in a row of parallel baffles separated from the peripheral baffles (5b) by a passage space 21 to define water channels running as coils.

5. 5. The furnace (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the water channels have horizontal straight sections connected by 180° bends.

6. A furnace (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the panels (3a, 3b) of each module are connected by bolts that cross the gaps (4).

7. Furnace (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the modules have peripheral connecting flanges (8a, 8b).

8. 8. Furnace (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the modules have alternating fastening bolts at the peripheral flanges (8a, 8b).

9. 9. A furnace (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the side of the inclined module (2vi) facing the melting tank delimits a deposition compartment (18) for depositing material carried by the gas.

10. 10. The furnace (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the labyrinth path has passage sections with different areas for accelerating and decelerating the ascending gas flow.

11. 10. Furnace (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the solidified material deposited in the deposition compartment (18) forms a sliding surface for another material that slides on the melting tank.

12. 11. The furnace (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the inclined module (2vi) is arranged as a barrier that obstructs the ascending gas flow and thereby promotes the separation of particles of solidified material from the ascending gas flow, which particles slide along the inclined module (2vi) to return to the melting tank.

13. The furnace for melting vitrifiable materials has a composable wall structure with at least one bottom module (2i), boundary modules (2ii, 2iii, 2iv, 2v) for delimiting a melting tank (11) in cooperation with the bottom module (2i), at least one top module (2xii) provided with exhaust openings (14) for exhausting gases produced in the melting tank (11), and boundary modules (2vi, 2vii, 2viii, 2ix, 2x, 2xi) for delimiting an upward conveying labyrinth channel (17) for conveying the gases upward from a port of the melting tank (11) to the exhaust openings (14), wherein the labyrinth 1. A furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the boundary modules for delimiting the channel (17) comprise at least one upwardly inclined module (2vi) overlapping the port of the melting tank (11), the inclined module (2vi) projecting upward inside the wall structure, the bottom module (2i) being rectangular or square in shape and having a dimension of each peripheral side ranging from 2 m to 4 m, and having parallel rows of longitudinal openings (10) for accommodating combustors, parallel to two opposite peripheral sides of the bottom module (2i), the longitudinal openings having a pitch ranging from 0.3 m to 0.6 m and a distance from the peripheral sides ranging from 0.1 m to 0.7 m.

14. 14. Furnace (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the upwardly inclined modules (2vi) are inclined upwards by an angle with the horizontal surface of between 5 and 20 degrees.

15. The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the labyrinth channel (17) is 0.5 m, which provides for a melt gas flow velocity of 10 m / s to 20 m / s. ２ 2.5m from ２ Furnace (1) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the temperature ranges from

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