How to evaluate fabric

Abstract

To provide a method for quantitatively evaluating the amount of fiber waste of cloth generated.SOLUTION: The evaluation method of cloth includes a step of cleaning the cloth having edges treated for preventing exfoliation of fiber waste, a step of collecting fiber waste generated in the cleaning step with a collector, and a step of measuring the weight of the fiber waster collected.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for evaluating fabrics. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, there has been concern about the adverse impact on ecosystems caused by plastic waste in oceans and rivers being ingested by living organisms. Of particular concern are micro-sized pieces of plastic packaging that have been broken down by ultraviolet light, etc., but there is also discussion about the relationship between waste reduction and the microplastics problem for all plastic products.

[0003] Many of the textile products currently on the market, especially functional textile products manufactured for sports and outdoor use, use synthetic fibers, which can shed as fiber debris during washing. For example, materials such as fleece, which have a raised nap on the surface, can shed fiber debris from the raised area during washing, and tend to generate more fiber debris than non-raised materials.

[0004] Meanwhile, standardized methods for evaluating washing, such as JIS L1096 (2010), JIS L0844, and ISO 7768 (2009), have been established. However, all of these test methods focus on the quality of the items to be washed, such as their dimensional stability, wash fastness, and wrinkle characteristics. Furthermore, because fabrics can be damaged by being exposed to high mechanical stresses during washing, standardized tests have been proposed to detect this mechanical stress (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Recently, however, fibrous waste generated during washing has become a problem, and laundry bags with enhanced fiber waste collection capabilities have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2006-521475 [Patent Document 2] Special Publication No. 2019-505351 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Fiber waste generated during laundry and other processes is generally removed from the washing liquid and washing wastewater and then discarded. Considering the potential for various problems, such as increased waste, the burden on wastewater treatment, and the burden on maintenance of washing machines, the less fiber waste there is, the better. Fabrics that generate less fiber waste can solve these problems, but no method has been proposed to evaluate fabrics that generate less fiber waste during washing. Despite the clear difference between fabrics that generate a lot of fiber waste and fabrics that generate less fiber waste, the lack of a means to compare them is a problem.

[0007] For example, the above-mentioned JIS and ISO standards are evaluation methods that focus on the items washed during washing, and make no mention of the fiber waste generated from the items washed. Furthermore, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 also evaluates equipment, and makes no mention of a method for evaluating fabrics or fiber waste. Meanwhile, Patent Document 2 makes a statement focusing on fiber waste, such as placing textile products in a laundry bag for washing, and preventing the fiber waste generated from the textile products from being flushed down the drain. However, it makes no mention of a method for evaluating fiber waste generated from fabrics. This is likely because, in the past, it was assumed that fiber waste would be generated from fabrics, and there was no consideration of creating a quantitative evaluation method for fiber waste generated during washing, thereby creating fabrics that suppress the generation of fiber waste.

[0008] Fabrics that suppress the generation of fiber waste can suppress the generation of fiber waste from textile products. Therefore, a new challenge arose: creating a method for quantitatively and reproducibly evaluating the fiber waste generated from fabrics.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating fiber debris generated from fabrics during laundering. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. (1) A process of washing cloth whose edges have been treated to prevent fiber debris from falling off; a step of collecting fiber waste generated by the washing step with a collector; measuring the weight of the collected fiber waste; A method for evaluating fabrics, including: (2) The method for evaluating fabrics according to (1), wherein the washing step is carried out using a washing machine, and in the step of collecting fiber debris generated by the washing step with a collector, the collector is attached to the drain outlet of the washing machine, and the fiber debris is collected from the wastewater flowing from the drain outlet of the washing machine. (3) The method for evaluating a fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein the treatment for preventing fiber debris from falling off is any one of melt cutting, piping, overlocking, adhesive tape, and sealing tape. (4) The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the treatment for preventing fiber debris from falling off is a treatment for bonding the edges of the fabric together by sandwiching them between two pieces of sealing tape. (5) The method for evaluating a cloth according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the fiber dust shedding prevention treatment is performed within an area of ​​5.0 cm or less from the edge of the cloth. (6) The effective evaluation area of ​​the fabric is 30 to 70,000 cm 2 The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (5), (7) The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the collector has an opening size of 5 to 20 μm. (8) The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the collector has a water drainage time of 300 seconds or less as measured in the following order: Water drainage measurement procedure (a) A circular sheet with a diameter of 20 cm cut from the collector is folded in four and placed in a triangular funnel with a diameter of 22 cm. (b) 300 ml of distilled water is poured into the funnel, and the time from when the first drop falls from the funnel to when the last drop falls is measured, and this is taken as the drainability. (c) The last drop is determined to be the last drop if no further drops fall for more than 5 minutes. (9) The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the washing step is carried out using a washing machine and under washing conditions specified in ISO 6330 (2012). (10) The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the washing step is carried out using a standard washing machine type C and 4N method conditions specified in ISO 6330 (2012). [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for evaluating fabrics that quantitatively and reproducibly evaluates the amount of fiber waste generated, thereby facilitating the creation of fabrics that generate less fiber waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The fabric referred to in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric. When the fabric is a woven fabric, the weave is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, varied plain weave, varied twill weave, varied satin weave, variegated weave, patterned weave, single-layer weave, double weave, multi-layer weave, warp pile weave, weft pile weave, and leno weave. When the fabric is a knitted fabric, the knitting pattern is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include circular knit, weft knit, warp knit (including tricot knit and raschel knit), pile knit, plain knit, jersey knit, rib knit, smooth knit (double knit), rib knit, pearl knit, Denbigh knit, cord knit, atlas knit, chain knit, and insert knit. Examples of nonwoven fabrics include needle-punched nonwoven fabrics, chemically bonded nonwoven fabrics, thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics, spunlaced nonwoven fabrics, short fiber nonwoven fabrics such as papermaking, spunbonded nonwoven fabrics, and long fiber nonwoven fabrics such as melt-blown nonwoven fabrics.

[0013] The fibers constituting the fabric preferably contain at least a synthetic fiber, since evaluation by the evaluation method of the present invention is useful. Synthetic fibers include filament yarns, spun yarns, and composite yarns. Filament yarns include drawn yarns and various twisted yarns. The type of twisted yarn is not particularly limited, and examples include false-twist textured yarns, false-twist fused yarns, and medium-to-high twisted yarns.

[0014] The synthetic fiber material is not particularly limited. Examples include polymers and copolymers thereof, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polylactic acid, polyurethane, and polyphenylene sulfide. These materials may contain various additives, such as inorganic substances, such as titanium oxide, silica, and barium oxide; colorants, such as carbon black, dyes, and pigments; flame retardants, fluorescent whitening agents, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers.

[0015] The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited, and may be a perfect circle, a flat cross-section, a polygonal cross-section such as a triangle, a square, a hexagon, or an octagon, a potbelly cross-section with a partially uneven portion, a Y-shaped cross-section, a star-shaped cross-section, or any other cross-sectional shape.

[0016] The fabric may be dyed. It is a preferred embodiment to evaluate dyed fabrics, as this is closer to the actual state of the textile product. The dyeing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include scouring, relaxation, heat setting, dyeing, weight reduction, and functional finishing. The functional finishing may be water repellency, antistatic, flame retardant, moisture absorption, antistatic, antibacterial, deodorizing, softening, or other known functional finishing, as needed.

[0017] The cloth evaluation method of the present invention involves collecting fiber waste generated from cloth during washing and evaluating its weight. Possible methods for measuring the weight of fiber waste include measuring the change in weight of the cloth before and after washing, or measuring the weight of fiber waste generated during washing. In this case, since water-soluble substances may adhere to the cloth being washed, the reproducibility of the weight is low, making it difficult to obtain a proper evaluation. In the present invention, evaluation accuracy can be improved by evaluating the weight of the fiber waste generated rather than evaluating the change in weight of the cloth. The specific method is as follows.

[0018] In the present invention, cloth whose edges have been treated to prevent fiber debris shedding is used. If the cloth is not treated to prevent fiber debris shedding and is simply cut with scissors, for example, fiber debris may be generated primarily from the cut portion, making it difficult to accurately measure the amount of fiber debris inherent in the cloth. Accurate measurement is preferred because the amount of fiber debris generated from the cloth can be used to estimate the amount of fiber debris generated in textile products such as sewn products using the cloth.

[0019] The fiber dust shedding prevention treatment referred to in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent the generation of fiber dust during washing of the present invention to an extent that does not impair the effects of the present invention. In terms of enabling more accurate measurement of the amount of fiber dust generated, the fiber dust shedding prevention treatment of the present invention is preferably a treatment in which the weight of the fiber dust obtained by overlocking the edge of the fabric and performing the same evaluation method for the fabric of the present invention is three times or less. The overlocking conditions are as follows: 40-number polyester filament sewing thread, 12-number needle, 26 stitches per 3.0 cm, and a 0.3 cm seam allowance.

[0020] Specific examples of suitable treatments include melt cutting, piping, overlocking, adhesive tape, and sealing tape, or a combination thereof. Melt cutting is a process in which thermoplastic fibers are melted and cut, including melt cutting with a heated fusion cutter, and melt cutting using laser, high frequency, or ultrasonic waves. Piping refers to wrapping the edges of fabric with tape, such as the same fabric or tape made of a highly stretchable elastic material. Overlocking refers to trimming the edges of fabric and then stitching the edges with a looped seam. Adhesive tape refers to a process in which a sheet of welding agent is sandwiched between two pieces of fabric whose edges are folded back and then bonded by heating, pressure, or other methods. While the welding material is not particularly limited, preferred examples include a coating of a molten gel-like adhesive resin, a sheet of polyurethane resin, or a sheet of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. It is more preferable to use a sheet-like member composed solely of welding material. The thickness of the welding material is preferably 50 μm to 200 μm, particularly for general clothing materials, as this makes it easier to achieve a balance between the necessary welding strength and softness. A thickness of 100 μm or more and 150 μm or less is more preferable. If it is difficult to obtain sufficient welding strength, the welding material can be doubled up.

[0021] A preferred method for bonding using a welding material is to apply pressure while heating. Examples of suitable methods include a heat iron, a flat-type heat press, a roller-type heat press, a high-frequency press, and an ultrasonic press. Flat-type presses, which allow for easy temperature and pressure control, are more suitable. Furthermore, the sealing tape treatment referred to in this invention refers to a process in which a waterproof fabric is attached to the fabric using a tape with an adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to one side, such as a tape known as a seam sealer, seam tape, or waterproof tape. A hot-melt adhesive is preferred as the adhesive. The adhesive's flow initiation point is preferably 50 to 130°C. By setting the flow initiation point at 130°C or below, the adhesive can be melted with a small amount of heat and time, allowing for a smooth bonding process. A small amount of heat is also preferred, as it minimizes damage to the fabric being evaluated and reduces the generation of fiber waste due to the damage. Furthermore, a flow initiation point of 50°C or higher is preferred, as it prevents the tape from peeling off during washing. A method of applying pressure while heating can be used to attach the tape to the fabric. For example, a heat iron, a flat-type heat press, a roller-type heat press, a high-frequency press, an ultrasonic press, etc. are preferably used. Flat-type presses are more preferred because the temperature and pressure can be easily controlled and adjusted.

[0022] Applying one or more of these treatments can prevent the cut edges of the fabric from being exposed during washing, and suppress the generation of frayed fibers and fiber debris. A more preferred treatment for preventing fiber debris shedding is sealing tape treatment. Because fiber debris can fall off from the edge of the fabric from both the front and back sides, it is preferable to apply sealing tape so that it covers both the front and back sides of the edge of the fabric. While it is possible to cover the fabric by folding it back with a single sealing tape, the repulsion of the folded sealing tape may prevent it from adhering, resulting in insufficient fiber debris shedding prevention treatment. Therefore, it is more preferable to sandwich the fabric between two sealing tapes. Furthermore, the method of sandwiching the fabric between two sealing tapes is preferable because it is simple, easy to work with, and less prone to operator error.

[0023] The treated area is harder than the untreated area, and physical damage may occur during evaluation. Therefore, the treated area is preferably within 5.0 cm from the edge of the fabric, and more preferably within 2.5 cm. There is no particular lower limit. For example, with melt cutting, even a distance of less than 0.1 cm can prevent fiber debris from shedding from the edge of the fabric, but with other treatments, the distance is usually 0.1 cm or more.

[0024] Furthermore, fabrics that have been treated to prevent fiber dust shedding may be subjected to post-treatments such as washing, air blowing, or air suction, depending on the purpose of evaluation. These post-treatments allow adhering foreign matter to be removed in advance, allowing for more accurate measurements.

[0025] The effective evaluation area of ​​the fabric in this invention refers to the area of ​​either side of the fabric, excluding the area treated to prevent fiber shedding. If the areas on the front and back are different, the area refers to the smaller area. In order to measure the weight of fiber waste, the effective evaluation area is set to 30 cm from the viewpoint of measurement accuracy. 2 It is preferable that the length is at least 100cm. 2 It is more preferable that the density is 70,000 cm or more. 2 Preferably, it is 9000 cm or less. 2 More preferably, it is:

[0026] In the evaluation method of the present invention, the washing method is not particularly limited. A launder meter, such as that used in washing fastness tests (ISO 105-C06(2006)), or a washing machine, such as a washing machine specified in ISO 6330(2012), can be used. Here, a launder meter rotates in only one direction and can be used for simple evaluations, but it differs from actual washing. To more accurately evaluate the generation of fiber waste during washing, it is preferable to use a washing machine specified in ISO 6330(2012). Washing machines come in a wide variety of styles and shapes, each of which exerts different physical effects (washing mechanical force) on the items being washed during washing. Among these, washing machines specified in ISO 6330(2012) have basic functions among the various washing machines used in ordinary households and are suitable for the fabric evaluation method of the present invention. ISO 6330(2012) specifies type A, type B, and type C standard washing machines, and any of these can be used in the present invention. Among these, the A-type standard washing machine or the C-type standard washing machine, which are actually used in homes in many countries, can be preferably used in the evaluation method of the present invention. Furthermore, the C-type standard washing machine is more preferably used because it uses a large amount of water during washing and can suppress the redeposition of shed fiber debris onto the washed items, etc., thereby enabling more accurate measurement of fiber debris.

[0027] When using a washing machine specified in ISO 6330 (2012), washing is preferably performed under the conditions specified in ISO 6330 (2012). Several types of washing conditions are specified for each of the above washing machines, and any of these can be used in the present invention. For example, 13 types of washing methods are specified for the A-type standard washing machine, which is preferably used in the present invention, and 7 types of washing methods are specified for the C-type standard washing machine. Among these, the 4N, 4M, 3N, and 3M methods for the A-type standard washing machine and the 4N, 4M, 3N, and 3M methods for the C-type standard washing machine are preferred as washing conditions in the present invention, as they provide high reproducibility for the amount of fiber waste generated from fabrics and are suitable for evaluating the amount of fiber waste generated. The 4N method for the C-type standard washing machine is more preferred. Generally, if the washing machine or washing conditions are too weak, fiber waste is less likely to be generated, and the proportion of accidentally attached relatively large threads, etc., in the collected fiber waste tends to be relatively high, making accurate evaluation difficult. Conversely, if the washing machine force is too strong, the fabric will be damaged, and debris other than fiber debris will be generated during washing, again making accurate evaluation difficult. The preferred washing machine and washing conditions of the present invention described above efficiently generate potential fiber debris that may be generated during washing of fabric, making it easy to evaluate.

[0028] In the present invention, fiber waste generated during washing is collected by a collector, but the collection method using the collector is not particularly limited and can be changed appropriately depending on the washing method used. In the case of a method using a washing machine, which is a preferred washing method of the present invention, it is preferable to attach the collector to a drain outlet such as a drain hose of the washing machine. In this case, the wastewater generated during washing can be directly collected, allowing for simple and accurate measurement, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the collector is preferably a material with an open mesh, such as an adsorbent or net. In the case of a method using a washing machine, the mesh size is preferably 5 to 20 μm. By setting the mesh size to 5 μm or more, when a washing machine is used in the washing process, the drainage speed is not reduced and fiber debris is less likely to remain in the washing machine, allowing the generated fiber debris to be collected and evaluated with better reproducibility. Furthermore, in order to capture fiber debris, the mesh size is preferably 20 μm or less. In terms of balancing these factors, a mesh size of 9 μm or more is more preferable. Furthermore, a mesh size of 15 μm or less is more preferable, and a mesh size of 12 μm or less is even more preferable. In the present invention, the mesh size can be determined by measuring 10 locations in μm units using a 500x microscope and rounding the average value to the nearest decimal place. For round holes, the maximum diameter is measured. For rectangular holes, the longer of the width and width is measured. If the washing machine has a built-in filter, remove it as it affects the collection amount.

[0030] The shape of the collector used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be a sheet, bag, box, etc., but a structure with openings and allowing water to drain as described above is preferred. Specific examples include metal mesh, perforated metal sheet, perforated film, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, and knitted fabric, with woven fabric being more preferred because it is versatile, has excellent water drainage and collection ability, and is highly reproducible.

[0031] The collector may be made of either metal or plastic. There are no particular limitations on the plastic. Examples of the plastic include polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polylactic acid, polyurethane, and polyphenylene sulfide, as well as copolymers thereof.

[0032] The drainability of the collector used in the present invention is preferably 300 seconds or less. If it is 300 seconds or less, when attached to the drain outlet of a washing machine, for example, a decrease in the drainage rate from the washing machine is suppressed, and less fiber waste remains in the washing machine, allowing for more reproducible collection of fiber waste. It is more preferably 200 seconds or less, and even more preferably 100 seconds or less. There is no particular restriction on the lower limit, but it is essentially 5 seconds or more. The drainability can be appropriately adjusted by the porosity, water absorbency, etc. of the collector. When the collector is a fibrous structure, the drainability can also be adjusted by the density, fineness, and texture.

[0033] In the present invention, the water drainage property is measured by the following evaluation method. (a) A 20 cm diameter circular sheet cut from the collector is folded in four and placed in a 22 cm diameter triangular funnel. That is, the sheet is folded in half twice, one side of which forms a bag is opened into a cone shape and placed in the triangular funnel. This is a method similar to the method for folding filter paper in four, although there are some differences such as the folding points and tearing. (b) 300 ml of distilled water is poured into the funnel, and the time from when the first drop falls from the funnel to when the last drop falls is measured, and this is taken as the drainability. (c) The last drop is determined to be the last drop if no further drops fall for more than 5 minutes.

[0034] Such a collector is not special and may be appropriately selected from commercially available sheets, etc. A specific example is "Nylon Screen" NY10-HC (purchased from Flon Kogyo Co., Ltd.).

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the fabric evaluation method of the present invention, a fabric with a fiber debris prevention treatment at its edge is placed in the washing machine with a fiber debris collector attached to the outlet of the washing machine, and washed under the washing conditions described above. After washing, the weight of the fiber debris adhering to the fiber debris collector, for example, the "nylon screen" (purchased from Flon Kogyo Co., Ltd.), is measured.

[0036] Since detergent can affect the amount of fiber waste generated and reduce reproducibility, it is preferable to wash using the amount specified in JIS L1930 (2014) or ISO 6330 (2012), or more preferably, no detergent at all. If detergent is added, it is necessary to consider the insoluble content of the detergent. Furthermore, since fiber waste is also generated from the loaded fabric, it is preferable not to use a loaded fabric.

[0037] The method for measuring the weight of fiber debris captured by the collector is not particularly limited, but includes drying the collector and measuring its weight, or washing the fiber debris off the collector with pure water and then filtering it onto a filter with a mesh size of 0.1 to 20 μm. The method of drying the collector and measuring its weight is preferred because it is simple and less prone to operational errors. The method of filtering and recovering the fiber debris is also preferred because it does not result in errors due to changes in the weight of the collector caused by moisture absorption and desorption from the collector or the loss of the collector material. In this case, the mesh size of the filter is smaller than that of the collector to recover the fibers captured by the collector. A specific example of the filtering and recovery method is as follows: Suction filtration is performed using a filter whose weight has been measured after drying, such as a polycarbonate membrane ("K040A047A" manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.). The filtered filter and fiber debris are dried at 105°C for 1 hour and then weighed. The difference between the weight before and after filtration is the weight of the fiber debris. The conditions for bone dry weight measurement are heating at 105°C for 1 hour, then adjusting the temperature and humidity to 20°C and 65% RH before measuring the weight. [Example]

[0038] The evaluation method of the fabric of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples.

[0039] (1) Water drainage (a) A circular sheet with a diameter of 20 cm cut from the collector was folded in four and placed in a conical funnel with a diameter of 22 cm. (b) 300 ml of distilled water was poured into the funnel, and the time from when the first drop fell from the funnel to when the last drop fell from the funnel was measured, and this was taken as the water drainage rate. (c) The last drop was determined if no further drops fell for more than 5 minutes.

[0040] (2) Mesh opening Using a digital microscope "VHX-7000" (manufactured by Keyence Corporation), the surface of the collector was photographed at 500x magnification, and the diameters of 10 openings were measured in μm units. The average of the obtained values ​​was rounded to the nearest tenth, and this was used as the aperture value. If the openings were round, the maximum diameter was measured, and if they were square, the longer of the two was measured.

[0041] (3) Weight measurement of fiber waste The aqueous solution containing the fiber waste was suction filtered using a polycarbonate membrane ("K040A047A" pore size 0.4 μm, manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.) whose weight had been measured in advance. The polycarbonate membrane and fiber waste after filtration were dried at 105°C for 1 hour and then weighed. The difference between the weight before and after filtration was taken as the weight of the fiber waste.

[0042] (4) Effective evaluation area The length of each side was calculated in centimeters, rounded to the first decimal place. The width of the fiber shedding prevention treatment was calculated in the same way, with anything less than 0.05 cm being considered 0 cm. Excluding the area treated to prevent fiber shedding, the effective evaluation area of ​​the fabric was calculated as a value rounded to the nearest integer.

[0043] [Fabric manufacturing example 1] A 1:1 mixed knitted grey fabric was produced in a jersey weave using acrylic / rayon spun yarn (metric count: 1 / 64) for the knitted loops made of inelastic fibers, and polyester fiber (84 dtex-72F) and polyurethane elastic fiber (33 dtex) for the knitted loops made of inelastic and elastic fibers. The blend ratio of the materials was 28% acrylic / 34% rayon, 33% polyester, and 5% polyurethane. The resulting grey fabric was processed according to the dyeing and processing conditions used for normal circular knit fabrics, resulting in a knitted fabric.

[0044] [Fabric manufacturing example 2] Using a single circular knitting machine, a circular knitted fabric was produced in a jersey weave using polyester fiber (66 dtex-96F) as the inelastic fiber and polyurethane fiber (22 dtex) as the elastic fiber. The blend ratio of the materials was 90% polyester and 10% polyurethane. The resulting gray fabric was processed according to the dyeing and processing conditions for normal circular knitted fabrics to obtain a knitted fabric.

[0045] [Example 1] The knitted fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was cut into a square measuring 32.0 cm in length and 32.0 cm in width, and a 2.0 cm wide sealing tape "E302" (manufactured by Toray Coatex Co., Ltd.) was temporarily attached within a range of 1.0 cm from the edge of the fabric, with half of the sealing tape protruding. After the four sides were temporarily attached, a sealing tape was similarly attached from the other side, and the edge of the fabric was sandwiched between two pieces of sealing tape. The adhesive portion between the sealing tape and the edge of the fabric was sewn with sewing thread using a lockstitch sewing machine (polyester filament sewing thread, stitch count: 13 stitches / 3.0 cm) to prevent peeling. Furthermore, the fabric was pressed for 5 seconds at 0.6 MPa and 130°C using an air-driven fully automatic transfer press "HP-4536A-12" (manufactured by Hashima Co., Ltd.) to perform permanent bonding, and test specimens (effective evaluation area: 900 cm) were cut. 2 ) was created.

[0046] A standard type C washing machine specified in ISO 6330 (2012) was used. First, the washing machine was washed according to the ISO 6330 (2012) C4N method using an "AQW-V700E 7kg" (manufactured by Aqua Corporation). The washing cycle was performed twice without any laundry. Specifically, the cycle was set to the thorough cycle, with a water volume of 40 L, a wash time of 15 minutes, two rinses, and a spin cycle of 7 minutes. The wash water temperature was 40°C and the rinse water temperature was room temperature. Next, a "nylon screen" NY10-HC (manufactured by Fluoro Industries Co., Ltd.) with an 11.3 μm mesh size and a drainage time of 82 seconds was attached to the washing machine's drain hose. Two test specimens were then placed in the washing machine and washed according to the ISO 6330 C4N washing conditions. However, no detergent or load was used. After washing, the fiber waste adhering to the "nylon screen" was filtered by suction using a polycarbonate membrane ("K040A047A" manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.) whose weight had been measured in advance. The polycarbonate membrane and fiber waste after filtration were dried at 105°C for 1 hour and weighed. The weight of the obtained fiber waste was 8.7 mg.

[0047] [Example 2] The fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was melt-cut into a square measuring 30.0 cm long and 30.0 cm wide using a variable arm ultrasonic sewing machine "LWU-3015-4" (manufactured by Quinlite Electronics Co., Ltd.) to obtain test pieces (effective evaluation area: 900 cm 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fiber waste was prepared in a manner similar to that of Example 1. The weight of the fiber waste was 26.0 mg.

[0048] [Example 3] The fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was sewn using an overlock sewing machine "M852-16S2" (manufactured by Pegasus Sewing Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd.) with polyester filament No. 40 sewing thread and No. 12 needles, with a stitch count of 26 stitches / 3.0 cm and a seam allowance of 0.3 cm, to cut a square test piece (effective evaluation area: 900 cm) measuring 30.6 cm lengthwise and 30.6 cm widthwise. 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fiber waste was prepared in a manner similar to that of Example 1. The weight of the fiber waste was 10.2 mg.

[0049] [Example 4] The fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was cut with scissors into a square measuring 32.0 cm in length and 32.0 cm in width, and a 1.0 cm portion of the edge of the fabric was piped with the same fabric to form a test piece (effective evaluation area: 900 cm 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fiber waste was prepared in a manner similar to that of Example 1. The weight of the fiber waste was 25.6 mg.

[0050] [Example 5] The fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was cut with scissors into a square measuring 34.0 cm in length and 34.0 cm in width. Adhesive tape "S23-100μ thick" (1.0 cm wide, manufactured by Toray Coatex Co., Ltd.) was temporarily attached to the edge of the fabric. After the fabric was cut evenly, the temporarily attached adhesive tape was folded inward and permanently attached to form a test piece (effective evaluation area: 900 cm). 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the test piece was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The weight of the fiber waste was 6.1 mg. Note that the test piece adhered as described above was treated to prevent fiber waste from falling off, because the adhesive of the adhesive tape soaked into the fabric and fixed the fiber structure in the fabric at the adhesive portion.

[0051] [Comparative Example 1] The fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was cut with scissors into a square measuring 30.0 cm in length and 30.0 cm in width to prepare a test piece (effective evaluation area: 900 cm). 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fiber waste was prepared in a manner similar to that of Example 1. The weight of the fiber waste was 42.4 mg.

[0052] [Examples 6 to 10] Tests were carried out in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5, except that the fabric obtained in Production Example 2 was used. The weights of the fiber waste were 5.6 mg in Example 6, 15.2 mg in Example 7, 7.8 mg in Example 8, 21.4 mg in Example 9, and 2.9 mg in Example 10.

[0053] Comparative Example 2 The test was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the fabric obtained in Production Example 2 was used. The weight of the fiber waste was 35.7 mg.

[0054] [Table 1]

[0055]

Table 2

Claims

1. A process of washing cloth whose edges have been treated to prevent fiber debris from falling off; a step of collecting fiber waste generated by the washing step with a collector; measuring the weight of the collected fiber waste; A method for evaluating fabrics, including:

2. 2. The method for evaluating fabrics according to claim 1, wherein the washing step is performed using a washing machine, and the step of collecting fiber debris generated by the washing step with a collector comprises attaching the collector to a drain outlet of the washing machine and collecting the fiber debris from wastewater flowing from the drain outlet of the washing machine.

3. 3. The method for evaluating fabrics according to claim 1, wherein the fiber dust shedding prevention treatment is any one of melt cutting, piping, overlocking, adhesive tape, and sealing tape.

4. The method for evaluating a cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the treatment for preventing fiber dust shedding is a treatment for bonding the edge of the cloth so as to sandwich it between two pieces of sealing tape.

5. 5. The method for evaluating a cloth according to claim 1, wherein the fiber dust shedding prevention treatment is performed within an area of ​​5.0 cm or less from the edge of the cloth.

6. The effective evaluation area of ​​the fabric is 30 to 70,000 cm ２ The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The method for evaluating a cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the collector has an opening size of 5 to 20 µm.

8. The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the collector has a water drainage property of 300 seconds or less as measured in the following order: Water drainage measurement procedure (a) A circular sheet having a diameter of 20 cm cut from the collector is folded in four and placed in a conical funnel having a diameter of 22 cm. (b) 300 ml of distilled water is poured into the funnel, and the time from when the first drop falls from the funnel to when the last drop falls from the funnel is measured, and this is taken as the drainage property. (c) The last drop is determined to be the last drop if the next drop does not fall for more than 5 minutes.

9. The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the washing step is carried out using a washing machine and under washing conditions specified in ISO 6330 (2012).

10. The method for evaluating a fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the washing step is carried out using a C-type standard washing machine and 4N method conditions specified in ISO 6330 (2012).

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