Body configured for use with radiant tubes

Abstract

1. A body for installation within a radiant tube for reducing contaminants, the body comprising: a body having a tubular shape including a length, an outer diameter, and an inner diameter, the body further comprising a proximal surface, a distal surface, and a circumferential surface extending between the proximal surface and the distal surface, the body configured to be positioned at an axial distance from a distal end of a burner, the axial distance (AD) being at least 0.1% of the length of the body.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a body for use in or with a radiant tube. Combustion of fossil fuels produces emissions, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), into the atmosphere. NOx emissions result from nitrogen present in the combustion air and from nitrogen bound to the fuel, for example, in coal or fuel oil. The conversion of fuel-bound nitrogen to NOx depends on the amount and reactivity of nitrogen compounds in the fuel and the amount of oxygen in the combustion zone. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) present in the combustion air to NOx is temperature dependent; the higher the flame temperature in the combustion zone, the higher the NOx content in the emissions. Growing environmental concerns are leading to more stringent regulations on NOx emissions.

[0002] There is a need to improve furnace systems to reduce pollutants and improve the efficiency of heat exchange. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0003] The present disclosure may be better understood, and its numerous features and advantages made apparent to those skilled in the art by referencing the accompanying drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 includes a diagram of a system including a body and an exchanger body according to one embodiment. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2A includes a diagram of a body according to one embodiment. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2B includes a diagram of the body according to one embodiment. [Figure 2C] FIG. 2C includes a view of the body according to one embodiment. [Figure 2D] FIG. 2D includes a diagram of a body according to one embodiment. [Figure 2E] FIG. 2E includes a view of the body according to one embodiment. [Figure 3A] FIG. 3A includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3C]FIG. 3C includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3D] FIG. 3D includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3E] FIG. 3E includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3F] FIG. 3F includes a diagram of a positioning device according to one embodiment. [Figure 4A] FIG. 4A includes a diagram of an exchanger according to one embodiment. [Figure 4B] FIG. 4B includes a diagram of an exchanger according to one embodiment. [Figure 4C] FIG. 4C includes a diagram of an exchanger according to one embodiment. [Figure 4D] FIG. 4D includes a diagram of an exchanger according to one embodiment. [Figure 4E] FIG. 4E includes a diagram of an exchanger according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0004] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of features is not necessarily limited to only those features and may include other features that are not expressly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0005] As used herein, unless clearly stated to the contrary, "or" refers to an inclusive or, not an exclusive or. For example, condition A or B can be satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist), A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists), and both A and B are true (or exist).

[0006] Additionally, the use of "a" or "an" is used to describe elements and components described herein. This is done merely for convenience and to give a general sense of the scope of the invention. This description should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular also includes the plural unless it is clear that otherwise is meant.

[0007] The present disclosure is directed to components that may be used in furnaces, such as radiant tubes and / or heat exchangers. The components herein can be adapted for use in any size or shape of radiant tube, such as a U- or W-tube, including, for example, steel annealing, coating, or heat treating furnaces. A particular application for the heat exchanger inserts of the present disclosure may be in large diameter heat exchangers for waste energy recovery.

[0008] A non-limiting embodiment of a system is provided in Figure 1. Figure 1 includes a system 100 including a radiant tube 101 and a burner 103 at least partially disposed within the radiant tube. In one embodiment, system 100 can include an optional body 105 disposed within the radiant tube and configured to reduce contaminant content. In another embodiment, system 100 can include an exchanger 107 having multiple flow paths for heat exchange between two or more different streams of fluid (e.g., gas) flowing through the exchanger 107.

[0009] FIG. 2A includes a side view of a body 105 configured to be disposed within a radiant tube adjacent to a burner 103 and configured to reduce the content of pollutants formed during combustion. FIG. 2B includes a cross-sectional view of the body 105 according to one embodiment. FIG. 2C includes a diagram of the body 105 and burner 103 according to one embodiment. According to one embodiment, the body 105 can reduce the content of pollutants (e.g., NOx) by at least 10%, such as at least 12%, or at least 15%, or at least 18%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, compared to state-of-the-art systems that do not use such a body 105, or that use a body made from a metal mesh material, or that have other less desirable configurations. In one non-limiting embodiment, the body 105 can reduce the content of pollutants by no more than 100%, or no more than 80%, or no more than 60%. It will be understood that the reduction in pollutant content can be within a range including any of the minimum and maximum percentages listed above.

[0010] In one embodiment, the body 105 can have a generally tubular shape. The body 105 can have a length (L), an outer diameter (OD), and an inner diameter (ID). The outer diameter can be defined by a maximum diameter value, which can include the extension of radial members from the body 105. The inner diameter can be defined by a smallest dimension within the central axial opening 207, which can be defined by an inner annular surface 209. The inner diameter can be the smallest dimension between any radial members within the central axial opening 207. In one embodiment, the body 105 can include a proximal face 201, a distal face 203, and a circumferential surface 205 extending between the proximal face 201 and the distal face 203. In another embodiment, the body 105 can include a central axial opening that can extend the entire length (L) of the body 105.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the body 105 may be a unitary body. In one particular embodiment, the body 105 may have a solid sidewall surrounding a central axial opening. Such a configuration may be suitable for defining and distinguishing two separate flow paths between the central axial opening 207 and the flow paths along the exterior of the tubular shape along the outer circumferential surface 205.

[0012] In one non-limiting embodiment, the body 105 can include a ceramic material. In one particular example, the body can include an oxide, a carbide, a nitride, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the body can include a carbide, such as silicon carbide. In one particular embodiment, the body can consist essentially of a ceramic, such as consisting essentially of a carbide, and more specifically, can consist essentially of silicon carbide.

[0013] In further embodiments, the material of body 105 can have a particular density that can facilitate improved manufacturing and / or operation. For example, the material of body 105 can have a density of at least 2.55 g / cm 3 , or at least 2.57 g / cm 3 , or at least 2.60 g / cm 3 , or at least 2.70 g / cm 3 etc., at least 2.50 g / cm 3 In a further embodiment, the material of the body 105 may have an average density of 2.9 g / cm 3 or less, or 2.8 g / cm 3 or less, or 2.75 g / cm 3 Additionally, the average density of the body material may be within a range that includes any of the minimum and maximum values ​​listed above.

[0014] In certain embodiments, the body of the heat exchanger component can be manufactured by a powder pressing process, such as described in U.S. Patent No. 8,162,040, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In other embodiments, the body can be formed through conventional powder or slurry manufacturing methods, including, for example, but not limited to, mixing, casting, molding, pressing, drying, sintering, or any combination thereof.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the body 105 can be configured to be positioned at a specific location relative to the burner. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2C , the proximal end 201 of the body 105 can be positioned at a specific axial distance (AD) from the distal end 211 of the burner, which can facilitate improved pollutant reduction. In a more particular embodiment, through empirical studies, it has been found that controlling the relationship between the axial distance (AD) relative to the length (L) of the body 105 can be suitable for reducing pollutants. In one embodiment, the use of a body 105 having a solid wall, as opposed to another structure (e.g., a mesh tube), can benefit from a specific spacing between the axial distance relative to the length of the body 105, which can be suitable for reducing pollutants. For example, in one non-limiting embodiment, the axial distance (AD) may be at least 0.1% [(AD / L) x 100%] of the length (L) of the body 105, such as at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 100%. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the axial distance can be 900% or less of the length of the body, e.g., 500% or less, or 200% or less, or 100% or less, or 90% or less, or 85% or less, or 80% or less, or 75% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less, or 40% or less, or 35% or less. In another non-limiting embodiment, the axial distance can be in the range of at least 0.1% and less than or equal to 900% of the length of the body 105.It will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, the axial distance may be within any percentage range between at least 0.1% and up to 900% of the length of the body 105 .

[0016] In another non-limiting embodiment, it has been found through some research that it may be preferable to control the axial distance relative to the wall thickness of the body. Wall thickness can be defined as the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the body 105, such as wall thickness (T) = OD - ID. According to one embodiment, the axial distance (AD) may be at least 0.1% [(AD / T) x 100%] of the wall thickness (T) of the body 105, such as at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 100%. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the axial distance can be 900% or less, e.g., 500% or less, or 200% or less, or 100% or less, or 90% or less, or 85% or less, or 80% or less, or 75% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less, or 40% or less, or 35% or less of the wall thickness (T) of the body 105. It will be understood that in other embodiments, the axial distance can be within any percentage range between at least 0.1% and 900% or less of the wall thickness of the body 105.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the body 105 can include one or more optional radial members extending radially outward from the outer circumferential surface 205. Referring to the non-limiting embodiment of FIG. 2A , the body 105 includes radial members 221, 222, and 223 (221-223) extending along the outer circumferential surface 205 of the body 105. The radial members 221-223 can extend in a non-linear path along the outer circumferential surface 205, having both axial and circumferential components defining the path. According to one particular embodiment, one or more of the radial members 221-223 can extend in a helical path along the circumferential surface 205. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, one or more of the radial members 221-223 can extend in a helical path having a variable twist, such that the angle of the twist can vary along the length of the body 105.

[0018] Although not shown, in another embodiment, one or more optional radial members can extend radially inward from the inner annular surface 209 such that the one or more radial members extend into the central axial opening 207. The one or more radial members can assist in controlling the flow of fluid through and around the body 105, which can facilitate the reduction of contaminants.

[0019] In one embodiment, the body 105 can have at least one radial member extending radially outward from the outer circumferential surface 205 that extends over a radial distance (RD) of at least 0.1% [(RD / ID) x 100%] of the inner diameter (ID) of the body 105, such as at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 100%. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the radial distance can be 900% or less, e.g., 500% or less, or 200% or less, or 100% or less, or 90% or less, or 85% or less, or 80% or less, or 75% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less, or 40% or less, or 35% or less of the inner diameter (ID) of the body 105. It will be understood that in other embodiments, the radial distance can be within any percentage range between at least 0.1% and 900% or less of the inner diameter of the body 105.

[0020] In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the body 105 can have at least one radial member extending radially inward from the inner annular surface 209, which can extend over a radial distance (RD) of at least 0.1% [(RD / ID) x 100%] of the inner diameter (ID) of the body 105, such as at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 100%. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the radial distance can be 900% or less, e.g., 500% or less, or 200% or less, or 100% or less, or 90% or less, or 85% or less, or 80% or less, or 75% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less, or 40% or less, or 35% or less of the inner diameter (ID) of the body 105. It will be understood that in other embodiments, the radial distance can be within any percentage range between at least 0.1% and 900% or less of the inner diameter of the body 105.

[0021] In a specific, non-limiting example, the at least one radial member may extend a given distance around the outer circumferential surface 205 and / or inner annular surface 209 of the body 105, as measured by the angle the at least one radial member extends between the proximal end of the radial member and the distal end of the radial member. For example, one complete rotation of the radial member around the entire circumference of the body is measured as an angle of 360 degrees. According to one embodiment, the at least one radial member extends a circumferential distance of at least 1 degree on the inner annular surface or outer circumferential surface of the body 105. In other non-limiting examples, the circumferential distance can be greater, such as at least 10 degrees, or at least 30 degrees, or at least 60 degrees, or at least 90 degrees, or at least 180 degrees, or at least 270 degrees, or at least 360 degrees. In one non-limiting example, the body 105 can have one or more radial members extending a distance in the range of at least 1 degree and up to 3600 degrees.

[0022] In one non-limiting embodiment, one or more radial members may be solid members, i.e., one or more radial members do not necessarily include an internal cavity configured for the flow of a fluid (e.g., gas) therethrough.

[0023] Without being bound by any particular theory, it is noted that the position of the body 105 relative to the burner 103 may be suitable for isolating the flame from the burner, which may help control the temperature and formation of pollutants in the combustion zone. Figures 2D and 2E show different positions of the body 105 relative to the burner 103, with the position of the body 105 in Figure 2E isolating the flame as indicated by the color surrounding the body, while in Figure 2D the position of the body 105 relative to the burner 103 effectively passes all of the flame from the burner 103 through the body 105.

[0024] In another embodiment, controlling the position of the axial distance between the burner 103 and the body 105 can be facilitated by the use of a positioning device. Figures 3A and 3B include a diagram of a positioning device 301 according to one embodiment. Figures 3C and 3D include a diagram of a positioning device 331. Figures 3E and 3F include a diagram of the body 105 including a notch 337 configured to engage with the positioning device 331. In one example, the positioning device may be configured to engage the body 105 and fix the position of the body 105 within the radiant tube 101, and more specifically, fix the position of the body 105 relative to the burner 103.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the positioning device 301 can include a positioning element 302 configured to change the dimensions of the positioning device 301. In one embodiment, the positioning device 302 can include a first positioning element 303 and a second positioning element 304, where the first positioning element 303 includes an end portion 311 including an engagement structure 312 configured to engage the body 105, and the second positioning element 304 includes an end portion 312 including an engagement structure 313 configured to engage the body 105. The first and second positioning elements 303 and 304 can move relative to one another, such as sliding relative to one another. In certain embodiments, the relative movement between the positioning elements 303 and 304 can facilitate receiving the body 105 between the engagement structures 312 and 313 at the proximal end 201 and the distal end 203 of the body 105. In one embodiment, the body 105 can be configured to directly or indirectly engage the engagement structures 312 and 313.

[0026] As further shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B , the positioning device 302 may include a fixation element coupled to the radiant tube 101 and configured to secure the positioning device 301 relative to the radiant tube 101. In one embodiment, the first positioning element 303 has a first fixation element 321 that may be semicircular in shape and configured to be coupled to a portion of the radiant tube 101. It will be appreciated that the first fixation element 321 may include other coupling mechanisms for coupling the positioning device 302 to the body 105, including, but not limited to, removable coupling elements or permanent coupling elements. A removable coupling element may include an attachment mechanism that is selectively removable from one or both of the positioning device 302 and / or the body 105. A removable coupling element may include a coupling element that may be configured to selectively release the coupling between the body 105 and the positioning device 302 to avoid damage to the body 105 and the positioning device 302 during decoupling. In one non-limiting embodiment, the removable coupling element may include, but is not limited to, complementary engaging structures, an interference fit connection between a portion of the body 105 and the positioning device 302, fasteners, etc. It will be understood that in any embodiment, two or more of different coupling elements or combinations thereof may be utilized. In yet another embodiment, the permanent coupling element may include an attachment technique that is not intended to result in decoupling between the positioning device 302 and the body 105. One example of a permanent coupling element may include cement, welding, etc. between the body 105 and the positioning device 302.

[0027] In another embodiment, the second positioning element 304 may include a second fixation element 322 that is semicircular in shape and may be configured to couple to a portion of the radiant tube 101, such as the flange 341 of the radiant tube 101. It will be understood that other shapes for the first and second fixation elements 321 and 322 may be used. In one non-limiting embodiment, the first and second fixation elements 321 and 322 may include one or more openings 351 and 352, respectively. The one or more openings 351 and 352 may facilitate coupling of the first fixation element 321 and the second fixation element 322 to the flange 341 via one or more fasteners.

[0028] According to another embodiment, the positioning device 331 can include a distal end 333 and a proximal end 332, with the proximal end 332 terminating closest to the burner 103. In certain embodiments, the distal end 333 terminates within the radiant tube 101. In yet another embodiment, the distal end 333 terminates outside the radiant tube 101 for easy access by an external user. In yet another embodiment, the distal end 333 terminates outside the radiant tube 101 for easy access by an external user at a safe distance from the combustion source (i.e., the burner 103). In one non-limiting embodiment, the positioning device 331 can include a first crossbar 334, a second crossbar 335, and a third crossbar 336 between the distal end 333 and the proximal end 332. In still other embodiments, the positioning device may include multiple crossbars, e.g., at least two crossbars, e.g., at least three crossbars, or at least four crossbars, or at least five crossbars, or even at least six crossbars, extending between the distal end 333 and the proximal end 332. In certain embodiments, the crossbars (334, 335, 336) are configured to engage notches 337 in the radial member 222 of the body 105. In a non-limiting embodiment, the notch 337 in the body 105 is configured to engage the first crossbar 334. It will be appreciated that in any embodiment, the body 105 can have multiple notches throughout the body 105, e.g., at least two notches, or at least three notches, or at least four notches, at least five notches, or even at least six notches, for engaging the multiple crossbars of the positioning device 331. Although not shown, the positioning device 331 may include a locking mechanism configured to lock the position of the crossbars (334, 335, 336) to the body 105. The locking mechanism is configured to prevent uncoupling of the positioning device 331 from the notches in the body 105.

[0029] According to another embodiment, the positioning device 301, 331 is configured to adjust the axial distance between the body and the combustion source (i.e., burner). In a particular embodiment, the positioning device 301, 331 is configured to adjust the body between a first position and a second position along the axial length of the radiant tube 101. In one non-limiting embodiment, the first position is at least 0.01 cm, or at least 0.1 cm, or at least 0.2 cm, or at least 0.5 cm, or at least 1.0 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm from the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, the first position is 100 cm or less, or 90 cm or less, or 80 cm or less, or 70 cm or less, or 60 cm or less, or 50 cm or less, or 40 cm or less, or 30 cm or less from the combustion source. It will be appreciated that the distance can be within a range inclusive of any of the minimum and maximum values ​​recited above. In yet another embodiment, the second location is at least 0.02 cm, or at least 0.1 cm, or at least 0.2 cm, or at least 0.5 cm, or at least 1.0 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm from the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, the second location is no more than 100 cm, or no more than 90 cm, or no more than 80 cm, or no more than 70 cm, or no more than 60 cm, or no more than 50 cm, or no more than 40 cm, or no more than 30 cm from the combustion source. It will be appreciated that the distance can be within a range inclusive of any of the minimum and maximum values ​​recited above.

[0030] In yet another embodiment, the first location and the second location are spaced apart from one another by at least 0.01 cm, or at least 0.02 cm, or at least 0.05 cm, or at least 1 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm, or at least 11 cm, or at least 12 cm, or at least 13 cm, or at least 14 cm, or at least 15 cm, or at least 16 cm, or at least 17 cm, or at least 18 cm, or at least 19 cm, or at least 20 cm. In yet another embodiment, the first location and the second location are spaced apart by no more than 100 cm, or no more than 90 cm, or no more than 80 cm, or no more than 70 cm, or no more than 60 cm, or no more than 50 cm, or no more than 40 cm, or no more than 30 cm. It will be understood that the distance can be within a range including any of the minimum and maximum values ​​stated above. In one non-limiting embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning device 301, 331 can be configured to be adapted between a first position and a second position without changing the state of the combustion source, which can include the temperature of the heat source. In a particular embodiment, the heat source includes a flame.

[0031] Although not shown, at least a portion of the positioning devices 301, 331 are configured to be accessible by a user at a safe distance from the combustion source (i.e., burner). A safe distance can be defined as a distance far enough away that the user's health is not affected due to excessive heat from the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning devices 301, 331 are configured to be accessible by a user from a position behind the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning devices 301, 331 are configured to be accessible by a user from an exterior wall behind the combustion source.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the positioning devices 301, 331 may comprise a metal, a metal alloy, a ceramic, or any combination thereof. In a particular embodiment, the positioning devices 301, 331 may comprise or be made from any of the same materials used in the body 105. It will be understood that in certain embodiments, the positioning devices 301, 331 are separate objects from the body 105. Furthermore, while some systems may use a solid material surrounding the body 105 to control the position of the body 105 within the radiant tubes 101, the positioning devices are separate objects and do not necessarily surround the body 105 within the radiant tubes 101, thus allowing some flow of fluid around the exterior of the body 105, which may facilitate improved operation and performance of the body 105 and / or the system 100.

[0033] Non-limiting embodiments of methods for reducing contaminants in a combustion assembly are disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, the method includes measuring contaminants from a combustion reaction in a combustion assembly including at least one combustion source 103 housed within a radiant tube 101 and varying the position of a body 105 within the radiant tube 101 relative to the combustion source 103 while the combustion source 103 is combusting. In yet another embodiment, the body 105 comprises a length (L), an outer diameter (OD), and an inner diameter (ID), a proximal face 201, a distal face 203, and a circumferential surface 205 extending between the proximal face 201 and the distal face 203. In yet another embodiment, varying the position of the body 105 includes adjusting the position without interrupting the combustion source. In certain embodiments, the combustion source 103 can include a burner. In yet another embodiment, the burner remains fully assembled. In yet another embodiment, the combustion source 103 can include an end portion 211 configured to combust gases to form a flame within the radiant tube.

[0034] In another embodiment, the body 105 is configured to be positioned axially away from the distal end 211 of the combustion source 103. For example, in one non-limiting embodiment, the axial distance (AD) may be at least 0.1% [(AD / L) x 100%] of the length (L) of the body 105, such as at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 35%, or at least 10%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 100%. In yet other non-limiting embodiments, the axial distance can be 900% or less of the length of the body, e.g., 500% or less, or 200% or less, or 100% or less, or 90% or less, or 85% or less, or 80% or less, or 75% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less, or 40% or less, or 35% or less. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the axial distance can be within any percentage range between at least 0.1% and 900% or less of the length of the body 105.

[0035] In yet other embodiments, altering the position of the body 105 can include adjusting the body between a first position and a second position along the axial length of the radiant tube 101. In one non-limiting embodiment, the first position is at least 0.01 cm, or at least 0.1 cm, or at least 0.2 cm, or at least 0.5 cm, or at least 1.0 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm from the combustion source 103. In yet other embodiments, the second position is at least 0.02 cm, or at least 0.1 cm, or at least 0.2 cm, or at least 0.5 cm, or at least 1.0 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm from the combustion source 103. In yet another embodiment, the first location and the second location are spaced apart from one another by at least 0.01 cm, or at least 0.02 cm, or at least 0.05 cm, or at least 1 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm, or at least 11 cm, or at least 12 cm, or at least 13 cm, or at least 14 cm, or at least 15 cm, or at least 16 cm, or at least 17 cm, or at least 18 cm, or at least 19 cm, or at least 20 cm. In yet another embodiment, the first location and the second location are spaced apart by no more than 100 cm, or no more than 90 cm, or no more than 80 cm, or no more than 70 cm, or no more than 60 cm, or no more than 50 cm, or no more than 40 cm, or no more than 30 cm. It will be understood that the distance can be within a range including any of the minimum and maximum values ​​stated above.

[0036] In one non-limiting embodiment, changing the position of the main body 105 can include using a positioning device 301, 331. The positioning device 301, 331 can include any of the features disclosed herein. In yet another embodiment, the positioning device 301, 331 is configured to be accessible by a user at a safe distance from the combustion source (i.e., burner). A safe distance can be defined as a distance far enough away to avoid impacting the user's health due to excessive heat from the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning device 301, 331 is configured to be accessible by a user from a position behind the combustion source. In yet another embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning device 301, 331 is configured to be accessible by a user from an exterior wall behind the combustion source.

[0037] In yet other embodiments, measuring pollutants may include measuring nitrogen oxide (NOx) content. It will be understood that nitrogen oxide (NOx) content may be measured using methods known to those skilled in the art. In another non-limiting embodiment, the method for reducing pollutants in a combustion assembly may further include reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) content by at least 10%, e.g., at least 12%, or at least 15%, or at least 18%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%.

[0038] 4A-4C include diagrams of an exchange body according to one embodiment. FIG. 4A includes a side view of an exchange body according to an embodiment. FIG. 4B includes a cross-sectional view of the exchange body of FIG. 4A. FIG. 4C includes a cross-sectional view of the exchange body of FIG. 4A in a plane perpendicular to the view of FIG. 4B for the exchange body of FIG. 4A. According to one embodiment, the exchange body 107 can be housed within the radiant tube 101 and can be configured to facilitate heat exchange between multiple flow paths of fluid flowing through and around the exchange body 107.

[0039] In one embodiment, the exchange body 107 may include a central cavity 401 extending along the length (L) of the exchange body 107, multiple spirals 403 extending around the central cavity 401, and multiple inter-spiral channels 405 disposed between the multiple spirals 403. As shown, the multiple spirals 403 and the multiple inter-spiral channels 405 may extend in a non-linear path along the length (L) of the exchange body 107. According to one particular embodiment, the multiple spirals 403 may extend in a helical path around the exchange body 107 and the central cavity 401. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the multiple spirals 403 may extend in a helical path with a variable twist such that the angle of twist may vary along the length of the exchange body 107.

[0040] In another embodiment, the exchange body 107 may also include an intra-spiral channel 407 extending within the spiral 403. The intra-spiral cavity 407 may be completely isolated from the inter-spiral channel by a sidewall 409, allowing for separation of fluids along the distinct flow paths defined by the inter-spiral channel 405 and the intra-spiral cavity 407.

[0041] As shown, the intra-spiral channel 407 may extend in a non-linear path along the length (L) of the exchange body 107. According to one particular embodiment, the intra-spiral channel 407 may extend in a helical path around the exchange body 107 and the central cavity 401. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the intra-spiral channel 407 may extend in a helical path having a variable twist, such that the angle of the twist may vary along the length of the exchange body 107.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the exchange body 107 has a surface area (mm ) that facilitates improved heat exchange between the fluids flowing through the exchange body 107. 2 ) / volume (mm 3 ) For example, in one embodiment, the exchange ratio is at least 0.09 mm -1 , e.g., at least 0.10 mm -1 or at least 0.11 mm-1 or at least 0.12 mm -1 or at least 0.13 mm -1 Further, in a non-limiting embodiment, the exchange ratio can be 0.5 mm -1 or less than 0.4 mm -1 Less than or equal to 0.3mm -1 It will be appreciated that the exchange ratio may be within a range including any of the minimum and maximum values ​​listed above.

[0043] In another embodiment, the exchanger 107 can have a particular hot / cold flow area (HCFA) ratio that can facilitate improved heat exchange between fluids flowing through the exchanger 107. For example, in one embodiment, the HCFA ratio can be at least 1, e.g., at least 1.05, or at least 1.10, or at least 1.15, or at least 1.2, or at least 1.25. Further, in another embodiment, the HCFA ratio can be 5 or less, e.g., 4 or less, or 3 or less, or 2.8 or less, or 2.5 or less. It will be understood that the HCFA ratio can be within a range including any of the minimum and maximum values ​​above.

[0044] The HCFA ratio is measured by evaluating the cross-sectional areas of the hot and cold paths in the exchanger as viewed in cross section. For example, as shown in FIG. 4C , the exchanger 107 can have a hot flow path defined by a central cavity 401 and inter-spiral channels 405. The cold flow path can be defined by an intra-spiral cavity 407. The cross-sectional area of ​​all the channels and / or cavities as viewed in cross section at the midpoint of the exchanger 107 (i.e., the bisecting axis along the length) is used to calculate the ratio. More specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​all the channels and / or cavities for hot fluid flow (as viewed in cross section) is divided by the surface area of ​​the channels and / or cavities for cold fluid flow to calculate the HCFA ratio. The HCFA ratio of the embodiments herein can facilitate improved heat exchange between the hot and cold fluid paths by controlling the pressure drop through the exchanger 107.

[0045] In another non-limiting embodiment, the central cavity 401 of the exchange body 107 can include at least one groove 431 that extends in a non-linear path along the inner annular surface 432, such as a helical path along the inner annular surface 432 that defines the central cavity 401. In one non-limiting embodiment, the at least one groove 431 can extend circumferentially over a distance of at least 1 degree, as measured by the angle extending through the circumferential distance of the exchange body 107. In other non-limiting examples, the circumferential distance can be greater, such as at least 10 degrees, or at least 30 degrees, or at least 60 degrees, or at least 90 degrees, or at least 180 degrees, or at least 270 degrees, or at least 360 degrees. In one non-limiting example, the circumferential distance can be in the range of at least 1 degree and no more than 3600 degrees (i.e., 10 revolutions around the circumference of the exchange body 107). For example, one complete rotation of the at least one groove 431 around the circumference of the exchange body 107 is measured as an angle of 360 degrees.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the at least one groove 431 can extend into the body for a radial depth 435 of at least 0.1% and no more than 49% of the inner diameter (ID) of the exchange body 107. In another embodiment, the radial depth 435 can be within a range including any percentage between at least 0.1% and no more than 49% of the ID.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the at least one groove 431 can extend into the body for a radial depth 435 of at least 0.1% and no more than 100% of the length of the exchange body 107. In another embodiment, the radial depth 435 can be within a range including any percentage between at least 0.1% and no more than 100% of the length of the exchange body 107.

[0048] 4D includes a cross-sectional view of the exchanger 107 within the radiant tube 101. As shown, there may be a radial gap 441 between the inner surface of the radiant tube 101 and the outer circumferential surface of the exchanger 107, defined by the outer surface of the spiral 403. In one embodiment, the radial gap 441 may define a gap distance 442 measured radially between the objects, and the gap distance 442 may be at least 0.1% and not more than 1000% of the inter-spiral channel width 443. The inter-spiral channel width 443 is measured as the largest gap between immediately adjacent spirals when viewed in cross section. In yet another embodiment, the gap distance 442 may be at least 0.1% and not more than 400% of the inter-spiral channel width 443.

[0049] In one non-limiting embodiment, the radial gap 441 defining the gap distance 442 may preferably be free of any solid material, which may allow for more fluid flow and facilitate improved heat exchange between the flow paths. In one particular embodiment, the radial gap 441 may be free of solid material. In another embodiment, the radial gap 441 may be unobstructed and define an opening or open space between the radiant tube 101 and the exchange body 107.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the exchange body can be made from a ceramic material such as an oxide, carbide, nitride, boride, or any combination thereof. In one particular embodiment, the exchange body 107 can include or consist essentially of silicon carbide. The exchange body 107 can be made using any of the same techniques described herein for making the main body 105.

[0051] The exchanger 107 may have a flange 451 that is fastened or bonded to the radiant tube 101 to fix the relative position between the radiant tube 101 and the exchanger 107. Optionally, one or more gaskets may be bonded to the surface of the flange 451. The gasket may be a compressible member that seals the system and prevents fluid leakage. In one embodiment, the gasket may have a maximum compression (i.e., reduction in thickness compared to the original thickness) of at least 10% of its original thickness, e.g., at least 20%, or at least 30%, or at least 40%, or at least 50%, or at least 60% of the original thickness.

[0052] In the foregoing specification, the concepts have been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Therefore, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. 1. A system configured to be installed within a radiant tube to reduce contaminants, the system comprising: a body having a tubular shape including a length, an outer diameter, and an inner diameter, the body further comprising a proximal surface, a distal surface, and a circumferential surface extending between the proximal and distal surfaces; a positioning device configured to engage the body, the positioning device configured to adjust an axial distance between the body and a combustion source; and Equipped with the positioning device comprises a proximal end, a distal end, and a first cross bar between the proximal end and the distal end and configured to engage the body; The body includes a notch configured to engage the first crossbar of the positioning device.

2. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the positioning device comprises a first positioning element and a second positioning element, the first positioning element comprising an end portion including an engagement structure configured to engage the body, and the second positioning element comprising an end portion including an engagement structure configured to engage the body.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the distal end of the positioning device terminates outside the radiant tube.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the distal end of the positioning device is accessible to an external user.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positioning device is configured to adjust the body between a first position and a second position along an axial length of the radiant tube.

6. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first location and the second location are at least 1 cm, or at least 2 cm, or at least 3 cm, or at least 4 cm, or at least 5 cm, or at least 6 cm, or at least 7 cm, or at least 8 cm, or at least 9 cm, or at least 10 cm, or at least 11 cm, or at least 12 cm, or at least 13 cm, or at least 14 cm, or at least 15 cm, or at least 16 cm, or at least 17 cm, or at least 18 cm, or at least 19 cm, or at least 20 cm apart from each other.

7. 1. A method for reducing pollutants in a combustion assembly, comprising: measuring pollutants from a combustion reaction in a combustion assembly including at least one combustion source housed in a radiant tube; Varying the position of a body within the radiant tube relative to the combustion source while the combustion source is burning, the body having a length, an outer diameter, and an inner diameter, the body further having a proximal surface, a distal surface, and a circumferential surface extending between the proximal and distal surfaces.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein altering the position of the body comprises adjusting the position without interrupting the combustion source.

9. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein altering the position of the body comprises adjusting the body between a first position and a second position along an axial length of the radiant tube.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein changing the position of the body includes using a positioning device.

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