Sound-insulating sheet member and sound-insulating structure using the same

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a sound-insulating sheet member that is relatively lightweight yet has high sound-insulating performance that surpasses the mass law, has a high degree of design freedom and is highly versatile, is easy to manufacture, and can improve productivity and economy, as well as a sound-insulating structure using the same. [Solution] A sound-insulating sheet member comprising at least a sheet having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonating parts, the resonating parts being arranged in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet, the resonating parts comprising a base and a weight part, the weight part being supported by the base and having a greater mass than the base, and being made of a single member, with at least a portion of the weight part being embedded in the base on the tip side of the resonating part.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sound-insulating sheet member and a sound-insulating structure using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Buildings such as apartment complexes, office buildings, and hotels require quietness suitable for indoor use by blocking outdoor noise from automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, and the like, as well as equipment noise and human voices generated inside the building. Furthermore, vehicles such as automobiles, trains, airplanes, and ships require reducing indoor noise by blocking wind noise and engine noise to provide a quiet and comfortable space for occupants. Therefore, research and development has been conducted on means for blocking the transmission of noise and vibration from the outdoors to the interior, or from the exterior of a vehicle to the interior, i.e., vibration-damping and sound-insulating means. In recent years, lightweight vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials have been required for buildings due to the increasing number of taller buildings, and lightweight vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials have also been required for vehicles to improve energy efficiency. Furthermore, vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials that can be adapted to complex shapes are required to increase the design flexibility of buildings, vehicles, and their facilities.

[0003] Generally, the characteristics of vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials follow the so-called mass law. That is, the transmission loss, which is an indicator of the amount of noise reduction, is determined by the logarithm of the product of the mass of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating material and the frequency of the elastic wave or sound wave. Therefore, in order to increase the amount of noise reduction at a certain frequency, the mass of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating material must be increased. However, when increasing the mass of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating material, there is a limit to the amount of noise reduction due to the mass constraints of the building, vehicle, etc.

[0004] To solve the problem of increased mass in vibration-damping and sound-insulating members, improvements have been made to the member structures, such as a method of combining multiple rigid flat plates such as gypsum board, concrete, steel plate, glass plate, or resin plate, or a method of forming a hollow double-wall structure or hollow triple-wall structure using gypsum board or the like.

[0005] In recent years, in order to achieve sound insulation performance that surpasses the mass law, sound-insulating panels made of plate-type acoustic metamaterials that combine a high-rigidity flat plate material with a resonator have been proposed. Specifically, a sound-insulating panel has been proposed in which a plurality of independent stump-shaped protrusions (resonators) made of silicone rubber and tungsten or a plurality of independent stump-shaped protrusions (resonators) made of rubber are provided on an aluminum substrate (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2), and a sound-insulating panel has been proposed in which a plurality of independent stump-shaped protrusions (resonators) made of silicone rubber or silicone rubber and lead caps are provided on an epoxy substrate (see Non-Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] MB Assouar, M. Senesi, M. Oudich, M. Ruzzene and Z. Hou, Broadband plate-type acoustic metamaterial for low-frequency sound attenuation, Applied Physics Letters, 2012, volume 101, pp 173505. [Non-patent document 2] M. Oudich, B. Djafari-Rouhani, Y. Pennec, MB Assouar, andB. Bonello, Negative effective mass density of acoustic metamaterial plate decorated with low frequency resonant pillars, Journal of Applied Physics, 2014, volume 116, pp 184504. [Non-patent document 3] M. Oudich, Y. Li, MB Assouar, and Z. Hou, A sonic band gap based on the locally resonant phononic plates with stubs, New Journal of Physics, 2010, volume 12, pp 083049. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 examine the shielding performance when the material and size of the stump-shaped protrusions (resonators) are changed. However, there is a limit to the degree of freedom in designing to improve the sound insulation performance by only changing the material and size of the stump-shaped protrusions (resonators).

[0008] Furthermore, the sound insulating boards described in Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 have individual resonators mounted on a substrate using an adhesive, which makes the manufacturing process complicated and reduces productivity and economic efficiency. Moreover, the sound insulating boards described in Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 use a relatively rigid aluminum substrate or epoxy substrate, which makes it difficult to deform, and therefore cannot be installed along an uneven surface such as a curved surface.

[0009] To solve this problem, it is conceivable to use a pre-curved aluminum or epoxy substrate and install multiple resonators on the curved surface of the substrate. However, this requires installing each resonator on the curved surface, which further increases the difficulty of the manufacturing process and further reduces productivity and cost. Furthermore, preparing a substrate each time to match the curved shape of the installation location lacks versatility. Therefore, in order to expand industrial use, a sound-insulating sheet member based on a new design concept has been desired, particularly from the perspectives of design freedom, versatility, productivity, cost, etc.

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above background art, and has an object to provide a sound-insulating sheet member that is relatively lightweight yet has high sound-insulating performance that exceeds the mass law, has a high degree of design freedom and is highly versatile, is easy to manufacture, and can improve productivity and economy, and a sound-insulating structure using the same.

[0011] In addition to the objectives stated here, the present invention can also be positioned as another objective of achieving effects that cannot be obtained by conventional technologies, which are derived from the various components shown in the detailed description of the invention described below. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] As a result of intensive research into solving the above-mentioned problems, the inventors discovered that the above-mentioned problems could be solved by adopting a sheet member having multiple resonating parts on a sheet having rubber elasticity, and thus completed the present invention.

[0013] That is, the present invention provides various specific embodiments as shown below. [1] A device comprising at least a sheet having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonating parts, the resonating portion is provided in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet, the resonator includes a base and a weight; The weight portion is supported by the base and has a mass greater than that of the base. [2] The sound-insulating sheet member according to [1], wherein the sheet contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat- or photo-curable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. [3] The sound-insulating sheet member according to [1] or [2], wherein the sheet has a Young's modulus of 0.01 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less. [4] The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the base contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a thermo- or photo-curable elastomer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermo- or photo-curable resin, and a thermoplastic resin. [5] The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the sheet and the resonating portion are integrally molded and contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat- or light-curable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. [6] The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the weight portion contains at least one material selected from the group consisting of metals, alloys, and inorganic glasses. [7] The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein at least a part of the weight portion is embedded in the base portion. [8] The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the weight portion has a protrusion provided toward the base portion. [9] The sound-insulating sheet member further includes at least one rib-shaped protrusion, The sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the rib-shaped protrusion is provided in contact with the upper surface of the sheet and has a height in the normal direction of the sheet that is higher than that of the resonating portion.

[10] The sound-insulating sheet member according to [9], wherein the rib-shaped protrusions are provided so as to extend in the length direction of the sheet.

[11] A sound-insulating sheet member according to [9] or

[10] , wherein a plurality of the rib-shaped protrusions are spaced apart along the length direction of the sheet.

[12] A sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [9] to

[11] , wherein the sheet, the resonating portion, and the rib-shaped protrusion portion are integrally molded and contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat- or light-curable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer.

[13] A sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to

[12] , and a support body. The support body is provided in contact with at least one surface of the sheet of the sound-insulating sheet member and supports the sheet.

[14] The sound-insulating structure according to

[13] , wherein the support has a Young's modulus of 1 GPa or more.

[15] A sound-insulating structure comprising the sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to

[12] and a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member.

[16] A sound-insulating structure which is a laminate including the sound-insulating sheet member according to any one of [1] to

[12] .

[17] A method for manufacturing a sound-insulating sheet member, comprising the following steps: (1) A step of preparing a mold having a plurality of cavities and placing weights in the plurality of cavities provided in the mold. (2) A process of pouring a resin material and / or a polymer material into the cavity. (3) A step of hardening the poured resin material and / or polymer material. (4) A step of peeling the obtained cured product from the mold.

[18] The method for manufacturing a sound-insulating sheet member according to

[17] , wherein the shape of the bottom of the cavity is hemispherical. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a sound-insulating sheet member that is relatively lightweight yet has high sound-insulating performance that exceeds the mass law, has a high degree of design freedom, is highly versatile, is easy to manufacture, and can improve productivity and economy, and a sound-insulating structure using the same. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a sound-insulating sheet member and a sound-insulating structure according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. [Figure 3] 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing process for a sound-insulating sheet member. [Figure 4] 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing process for a sound-insulating sheet member. [Figure 5] 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing process for a sound-insulating sheet member. [Figure 6] 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing process for a sound-insulating sheet member. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a sound-insulating sheet member and a sound-insulating structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a sound-insulating sheet member and a weight portion of a sound-insulating structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a weight portion of a modified example. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a weight portion of a modified example. [Figure 12] 2 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Example 1. [Figure 13] 1 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Comparative Example 1. [Figure 14] 10 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Comparative Example 2. [Figure 15] 10 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Comparative Example 3. [Figure 16] 10 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Comparative Example 4. [Figure 17] 10 is a graph showing the sound insulation performance of Comparative Example 5. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell used to estimate the acoustic band gap. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a sound-insulating sheet member and a sound-insulating structure according to a third embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX-XX in FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sound-insulating structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention comprises at least a sheet having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonating parts, the resonating parts being arranged in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet, the resonating parts comprising a base and a weight part, the weight part being supported by the base and having a greater mass than the base part.

[0017] Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiments are examples for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships such as up, down, left, and right will be based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios of the drawings are not limited to the ratios shown. Note that in this specification, the notation of a numerical range, for example, "1 to 100," includes both the lower limit "1" and the upper limit "100." The same applies to the notation of other numerical ranges.

[0018] (First embodiment) 1 and 2 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of a sound-insulating sheet member 100 and a sound-insulating structure 200 according to this embodiment. The sound-insulating sheet member 100 comprises a sheet 11 having rubber elasticity, a plurality of resonating portions 21 provided in contact with a sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, and at least one or more rib-shaped protrusions 31 provided on the sheet surface 11a. The sound-insulating sheet member 100 is supported by a support 51 provided on the sheet surface 11b side of the sheet 11, thereby forming the sound-insulating structure 200.

[0019] In the sound-insulating sheet member 100 and the sound-insulating structure 200, when sound waves are incident, for example, from a noise source on the support body 51 side, resonance occurs in the sheet 11 and / or the resonating unit 21. At this time, a frequency range can exist in which the direction of the force acting on the support body 51 is opposite to the direction of the acceleration generated in the sheet 11 and / or the resonating unit 21. This cancels out some or all of the vibration at a specific frequency, resulting in a complete acoustic bandgap in which the vibration at that specific frequency almost completely disappears. Therefore, some or all of the vibration stops near the resonant frequency of the sheet 11 and / or the resonating unit 21, resulting in high sound-insulating performance that surpasses the mass law. A sound-insulating member utilizing this principle is called an acoustic metamaterial. Below, each component of the sound-insulating sheet member 100 and the sound-insulating structure 200 of this embodiment will be described in detail.

[0020] Sheet Sheet 11 is a sheet having rubber elasticity. Although not particularly limited, it may have rubber elasticity due to molecular motion of resin (organic polymer), etc. This sheet 11 can also function as an oscillator (resonator) that vibrates at a certain frequency when sound waves are incident on it from a noise source. The material constituting the sheet 11 preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting or photocurable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. As the thickness increases, it may become more difficult for the irradiated light to reach the center, so it is more preferable to use a thermosetting elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer. Specific examples include vulcanized rubbers such as chemically crosslinked natural or synthetic rubbers, thermosetting elastomers such as thermosetting resin elastomers such as urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, and acrylic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers such as olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers, styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers, vinyl chloride-based thermoplastic elastomers, urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers, ester-based thermoplastic elastomers, amide-based thermoplastic elastomers, silicone rubber-based thermoplastic elastomers, and acrylic thermoplastic elastomers, and photocurable elastomers such as acrylic photocurable elastomers, silicone photocurable elastomers, and epoxy photocurable elastomers. More specific examples include, but are not limited to, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, and modified products thereof. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, and modified products thereof are preferred, and silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, and modified products thereof are more preferred from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and cold resistance.

[0021] As long as the sheet 11 exhibits so-called rubber elasticity, it may contain various additives such as flame retardants, antioxidants, and plasticizers. Flame retardants are additives incorporated into flammable materials to make them less flammable or to prevent them from igniting. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, bromine compounds such as pentabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ether, tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, and hexabromobenzene; phosphorus compounds such as triphenyl phosphate; chlorine compounds such as chlorinated paraffins; antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide; metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide; nitrogen compounds such as melamine cyanurate; and boron compounds such as sodium borate. Antioxidants are additives incorporated to prevent oxidative degradation. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, phenolic antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants. Plasticizers are additives incorporated to improve flexibility and weather resistance. Specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, phthalates, adipates, trimellitates, polyesters, phosphates, citrates, sebacates, azelates, maleates, silicone oils, mineral oils, vegetable oils, and modified products thereof, which may be used singly or in combination of two or more.

[0022] In this embodiment, the sheet 11 is formed in a square shape in a plan view, but the shape is not particularly limited to this. Any shape in a plan view can be adopted, such as a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a diamond shape, a polygonal shape such as a pentagonal shape or a hexagonal shape, a circle, an ellipse, or an irregular shape not classified as any of these. Note that the sheet 11 may have cuts or punched holes in any location from the viewpoint of improving the stretchability and reducing the weight, as long as the properties of the acoustic metamaterial are not lost.

[0023] There is no particular limitation on the thickness of the sheet 11. The frequency band (acoustic band gap width and frequency position) at which high sound insulation performance is exhibited can be controlled by the thickness of the sheet 11. The thickness of sheet 11 can be appropriately set so that the band gap coincides with the desired sound-insulating frequency range. If sheet 11 is thick, the acoustic band gap width tends to narrow and shift toward lower frequencies. If sheet 11 is thin, the acoustic band gap width tends to widen and shift toward higher frequencies. From the viewpoints of sound-insulating performance, mechanical strength, flexibility, handleability, etc., the thickness of sheet 11 is preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and even more preferably 200 μm or more. The thickness of sheet 11 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 500 μm or less.

[0024] From the viewpoints of sound insulation performance, mechanical strength, flexibility, handleability, productivity, etc., the sheet 11 preferably has a Young's modulus of 0.01 MPa or more, more preferably 0.1 MPa or more, and preferably 100 MPa or less, more preferably 10 MPa or less. Here, the Young's modulus in this specification means the ratio of the force (stress) acting per unit cross-sectional area of ​​a sample to the deformation rate (strain) when an external force is applied in one axial direction, and refers to the value of the storage modulus of elasticity at 25°C and 10 Hz measured by the forced vibration non-resonance method of JIS K 6394:2007 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of dynamic properties -".

[0025] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of reducing the temperature dependency of sound insulation properties at low temperatures, it is preferable that sheet 11 has a glass transition temperature of 0°C or lower. The lower the glass transition temperature of sheet 11, the higher the cold resistance becomes, and the temperature dependency of the elastic modulus around 0°C decreases, tending to make sound insulation performance less dependent on the ambient temperature. It is more preferably -10°C or lower, even more preferably -20°C or lower, and particularly preferably -30°C or lower. In this specification, the glass transition temperature of sheet 11 means the peak temperature of the loss tangent in the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement, particularly the temperature dependency measurement, at a frequency of 10 Hz as described above.

[0026] [Resonance section] The resonating unit 21 functions as an oscillator (resonator) that vibrates at a certain frequency when sound waves are incident on it from a noise source. The resonating unit 21 of this embodiment is configured as a composite structure including a base 22 and a weight 23 that is supported by the base 22 and has a mass greater than that of the base 22. By using such a composite structure, the resonating unit 21 effectively functions as a resonator having a resonance frequency determined by the mass of the weight 23 that acts as a weight and the spring constant of the base 22 that acts as a spring.

[0027] The arrangement, number, size, etc. of the resonating units 21 can be set appropriately according to the desired performance and are not particularly limited. The resonating units 21 are provided in contact with at least one sheet surface of the sheet. For example, in this embodiment, the multiple resonating units 21 are arranged at equal intervals in a lattice pattern, but the arrangement of the resonating units 21 is not particularly limited to this. For example, the multiple resonating units 21 may be arranged in a staggered pattern or randomly. Because the sound-proofing mechanism using this sheet does not use Bragg scattering like so-called phononic crystals, the resonating units 21 do not necessarily have to be arranged at regular, periodic intervals.

[0028] The number of resonating units 21 installed per unit area is not particularly limited as long as the resonating units 21 can be arranged so as not to interfere with each other due to contact, etc. The maximum number of resonating units 21 per unit area varies depending on the shape of the resonating units 21, etc. For example, if the resonating units 21 are cylindrical, the height direction of the cylinder is parallel to the normal direction of the sheet, and the cross-sectional diameter of the cylinder is 1 cm, the maximum number of resonating units 21 installed per unit area is 10 cm. 2 The minimum number of resonating parts 21 per unit area is preferably 100 or less. For example, if the resonating parts 21 are cylindrical, the height direction of the cylinder is set parallel to the normal direction of the sheet, and the cross-sectional diameter is 1 cm, the minimum number of resonating parts 21 per unit area is 10 cm. 2 The number of resonating portions 21 is preferably 2 or more per unit area, more preferably 10 or more, and even more preferably 50 or more. When the number of resonating portions 21 is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned preferable lower limit, higher sound insulation performance tends to be obtained. Also, when the number is equal to or less than the above-mentioned preferable upper limit, it becomes easier to reduce the weight of the entire seat.

[0029] The maximum height H1 of the resonating portion 21 in the normal direction of the sheet 11 can be set appropriately depending on the desired performance and is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of ease of molding and improved productivity, the maximum height H1 is preferably 50 μm or more and 100 mm or less, more preferably 100 μm or more and 50 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less. By setting the maximum height H1 within the above preferred numerical range, the sheet 11 provided with the resonating portion 21 (i.e., the sound-insulating sheet member 100) can be easily wound up and stacked, allowing for so-called roll-to-roll production and storage, which tends to improve productivity and economy.

[0030] [base] In this embodiment, a plurality of bases 22 each having a substantially cylindrical outer shape are provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11 in contact with each other, and weights 23 each having a substantially cylindrical outer shape are embedded inside the bases 22. The outer shape of the bases 22 is not particularly limited, and any shape can be adopted, such as a triangular prism, a rectangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, a polygonal prism such as a pentagonal prism or a hexagonal prism, a cylindrical prism, an elliptical prism, a truncated pyramid, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a cone, a hollow cylinder, a branched shape, or an irregular shape not classified above. Furthermore, the bases 22 can be formed into a cylindrical shape having a different cross-sectional area and / or cross-sectional shape depending on the height position.

[0031] The material of the base 22 is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned required properties, and examples thereof include polymeric materials, such as at least one selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting or photosetting elastomer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermosetting or photosetting resin, and a thermoplastic resin. Examples of thermo- or photo-curable elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers include those exemplified for the sheet. Examples of thermo- or photo-curable resins include acrylic thermosetting resins, urethane thermosetting resins, silicone thermosetting resins, and epoxy thermosetting resins. Examples of thermoplastic resins include polyolefin thermoplastic resins, polyester thermoplastic resins, acrylic thermoplastic resins, urethane thermoplastic resins, and polycarbonate thermoplastic resins. Specific examples include rubbers such as vulcanized rubber (e.g., chemically crosslinked natural or synthetic rubber), isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, and modified versions thereof; and polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polynorbornene, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, epoxy resin, and oxazine resin. These materials may be used alone or in combination. The base 22 may also be a porous material containing pores (gas, such as air) in these polymeric materials. Furthermore, the base 22 may contain a liquid material such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, or silicone oil. When the base 22 contains a liquid material, it is desirable to encapsulate the liquid material in a polymer material in order to prevent the liquid material from leaking out.

[0032] Among these, it is preferable that the material of the base 22 is the same as that of the sheet 11 described above, and elastomers are particularly preferable. If the sheet 11 and the base 22 contain the same elastomers, the sheet 11 and the base 22 can be easily molded integrally, and productivity can be dramatically improved. In other words, one particularly preferable embodiment is that the sheet 11 and the resonator 21 (base 22) are an integrally molded product that both contain at least one type selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting or photocurable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. Elastomers Specific examples of the rubber include vulcanized rubber such as chemically crosslinked natural rubber or synthetic rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber and modified products thereof, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polynorbornene, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, epoxy resin, oxazine resin, and the like, but are not particularly limited to these. Of these, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, and modified products thereof are preferred, and silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, and modified products thereof are more preferred from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and cold resistance.

[0033] The base 22 may be a two-color molded body or a multi-color molded body made of two or more polymeric materials. In this case, by using the same elastomer as the sheet 11 for the side of the base 22 that comes into contact with the sheet 11, it becomes easy to integrally mold the sheet 11 and the base 22.

[0034] In the case of providing resonating units 21 (bases 22) with a circular cross section as in this embodiment, in a cross section parallel to the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11 at a height position of the resonating units 21 (bases 22) where the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple resonating units 21 (bases 22) is greatest, the diameter of the largest circle (circular cross section) included in the cross section is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, and even more preferably 20 mm or less. Furthermore, the diameter of the smallest circle is preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and even more preferably 1 mm or more. By ensuring the above-described preferred numerical range, a predetermined number or more of resonating units 21 (bases 22) can be provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, thereby achieving better sound insulation performance and tending to further improve molding ease and productivity.

[0035] [Weight] The weight 23 is not particularly limited as long as it has a mass greater than that of the base 22. In this embodiment, the weight 23 is formed in a generally cylindrical shape with a maximum diameter smaller than that of the base 22 and is embedded in the base 22 at the tip end of the resonator 21. Because the weight 23, which functions as the weight of the resonator, is supported by the base 22, which determines the spring constant, the resonant frequency of the resonator 21 can be easily controlled by, for example, adjusting the spring constant by changing the shape or material (elastic modulus, mass) of the base 22 or by changing the mass of the weight 23. Generally, as the elastic modulus of the base 22 decreases, the acoustic bandgap tends to shift to lower frequencies. Furthermore, as the mass of the weight 23 increases, the acoustic bandgap tends to shift to lower frequencies.

[0036] The material for the weight portion 23 may be appropriately selected taking into consideration mass, cost, and the like, and the type of material is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of miniaturization and improved sound insulation performance of the sound-insulating sheet member 100 and the sound-insulating structure 200, a material with a high specific gravity is preferred for the material for the weight portion 23. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, metals or alloys such as aluminum, stainless steel, iron, tungsten, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and brass; inorganic glasses such as soda glass, quartz glass, and lead glass; and composites containing powders of these metals or alloys or these inorganic glasses in the polymer material of the base portion 22. The material, mass, and specific gravity of the weight portion 23 may be determined so that the acoustic band gap of the sound-insulating sheet member 100 and the sound-insulating structure 200 matches the desired sound insulation frequency range. Among these, at least one selected from the group consisting of metals, alloys, and inorganic glasses is preferred from the viewpoints of low cost and high specific gravity. The specific gravity refers to the ratio of the mass of a material to the mass of the same volume of pure water at 4°C under a pressure of 1013.25 hPa, and in this specification, the value measured in accordance with JIS K 0061 "Method for measuring density and specific gravity of chemical products" is used.

[0037] In this embodiment, the weight 23 is embedded in the base 22 at the tip end of the resonating unit 21, but the location of the weight 23 is not particularly limited thereto. While this location varies depending on the shape, mass, elastic modulus, etc., of the base 22 and the weight 23, it is preferable to position the base 22 and the weight 23 so that the center of gravity (mass center) of the resonating unit 21 is located at least closer to the tip end than the center in the height direction of the resonating unit 21, from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness and weight of the sound-insulating sheet member or improving the sound-insulating performance. Typically, the weight 23 is offset closer to the tip end than the center in the height direction of the resonating unit 21. The weight 23 may be completely embedded in the base 22, or only partially embedded, or may be provided on the base 22 without being embedded in the base 22. Furthermore, if the base 22 has a branched structure, and the weight 23 is provided on a branch extending from a branch point, it is preferable to position the weight 23 closer to the tip end than the center of the branch, from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the sound-insulating sheet member or improving the sound-insulating performance.

[0038] A plurality of resonating units 21 are provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, but the materials constituting the resonating units 21, the arrangement, shape, size, and installation direction of the resonating units 21 do not necessarily have to be the same for all of the plurality of resonating units 21. By providing a plurality of types of resonating units 21 that are different in at least one of these, it is possible to expand the frequency range in which high sound insulation performance is achieved.

[0039] [Rib-like protrusion] The sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention may have rib-like protrusions 31. In this embodiment, the rib-like protrusions 31 are each formed into a generally plate-like shape so as to extend in the length direction (sheet flow direction, MD) of the sheet 11. The rib-like protrusions 31 are provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, more specifically, at two locations on the edge of the sheet 11 in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the sheet flow direction, TD).

[0040] The rib-shaped protrusions 31 have a maximum height H2 relative to the normal direction of the sheet 11 that is greater than the maximum height H1 of the resonating unit 21 described above. This allows the rib-shaped protrusions 31 to function as spacers, preventing the resonating unit 21 from coming into contact with the rear surface of the sheet 11, even when the sound-insulating sheet member 100 is rolled up or multiple sheets are stacked together. Therefore, the provision of the rib-shaped protrusions 31 facilitates roll-to-roll production and storage of the sound-insulating sheet member 100 without causing manufacturing problems such as deformation, displacement, cracking, detachment, or breakage of the resonating unit 21. The maximum height H2 of the rib-shaped protrusions 31 may be greater than the maximum height H1 of the resonating unit 21, and is not particularly limited thereto. However, from the viewpoints of ease of molding and improved productivity, the maximum height H2 is preferably 50 μm or more and 100 mm or less, more preferably 100 μm or more and 50 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less.

[0041] The shape and installation position of the rib-like protrusions 31 are not particularly limited as long as they are installed so as not to interfere with the resonating unit 21, which functions as a resonator. For example, the external shape of the rib-like protrusions 31 is not particularly limited and can be any shape, such as a triangular prism, a rectangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, a polygonal prism such as a pentagonal prism or a hexagonal prism, a cylindrical prism, an elliptical prism, a truncated pyramid, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a cone, a hollow cylinder, or an irregular shape not classified as any of the above. The rib-like protrusions 31 can also be formed into a cylindrical shape with a cross-sectional area and / or cross-sectional shape that varies depending on the height position. The maximum length of the rib-like protrusions 31 in the length direction of the sheet 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or less than the maximum length of the sheet in the MD direction.

[0042] In this embodiment, a pair of rib-like protrusions 31 extending in the length direction of the sheet 11 is employed, but multiple rib-like protrusions 31 with a shorter maximum length may be spaced apart along the length direction of the sheet 11. In this case, the spacing between each rib-like protrusion 31 may be periodic or random. When multiple rib-like protrusions 31 are spaced apart in this manner, the distance between each rib-like protrusion 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 cm or less, more preferably 50 cm or less, and even more preferably 10 cm or less.

[0043] The material for rib-shaped protrusions 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably the same polymeric material as sheet 11 and / or base 22, and more preferably the same elastomers as sheet 11 and base 22. If the same polymeric material as sheet 11 and / or base 22 is used, it becomes easier to integrally mold with sheet 11 and / or base 22, and productivity is dramatically improved.

[0044] [Support] The sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention can be installed as appropriate according to the environment in which sound-insulating performance is to be exhibited. For example, the sound-insulating sheet member may be installed directly on a device, structure, etc. An adhesive layer or the like may be provided between the sound-insulating sheet member and the device, structure, etc. The sound-insulating sheet member may also be used in a form supported by a support. When using the sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention to insulate sound, it is sufficient that the support supports the sound-insulating sheet member, and it does not need to be supported by a support during production, storage, etc. The support body needs only to be arranged in contact with at least one surface of the sheet of the sound-insulating sheet member, and may be arranged on the sheet surface that is in contact with the resonating portion and / or on the other surface of the sheet surface that is in contact with the resonating portion.

[0045] In this embodiment, a support 51 is provided on the back surface 11b side of the sheet 11. There are no particular limitations on the material that makes up this support 51 as long as it can support the sheet 11, but from the perspective of improving sound insulation performance, it is preferable that the material be one that has higher rigidity than the sheet 11. Specifically, the support 51 preferably has a Young's modulus of 1 GPa or more, more preferably 1.5 GPa or more. There is no particular upper limit, but an example is 1000 GPa or less. Furthermore, when the sound-insulating sheet member is installed directly on a device, structure, etc., it is preferable that the surface on which the sound-insulating sheet member is installed has the same rigidity as the support body, from the viewpoint of supporting the sheet and improving sound-insulating performance.

[0046] Specific examples of materials constituting the support 51 include, but are not limited to, organic materials such as polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, polynorbornene, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetyl cellulose, polystyrene, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and oxazine resin, as well as composite materials containing metals such as aluminum, stainless steel, iron, copper, zinc, and brass, inorganic glass, and inorganic particles and fibers in these organic materials. Among these, from the viewpoints of sound insulation, rigidity, formability, cost, and the like, the support is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a photocurable resin sheet, a thermosetting resin sheet, a thermoplastic resin sheet, a metal plate, and an alloy plate. Here, the thickness of the support 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less from the viewpoints of sound insulation performance, rigidity, formability, weight reduction, cost, etc.

[0047] The shape of the support 51 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set depending on the installation surface of the sound-insulating structure 200. For example, the support 51 may be in the form of a flat sheet or a curved sheet, or may have a curved surface. The support body 51 may have a special shape processed to have bent portions, etc. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of weight reduction, etc., cuts, punched portions, etc. may be provided at any location on the support body 51.

[0048] (Second embodiment) 7 and 8 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view taken along the arrows of a sound-insulating sheet member 101 and a sound-insulating structure 201 of this embodiment. This embodiment has the same configuration as the sound-insulating sheet member 100 and the sound-insulating structure 200 of the first embodiment described above, except for the number of resonating portions, the shapes of the bases and weights, and the shape and number of rib-like protrusions, and therefore a duplicated description will be omitted here.

[0049] The resonator 21 of this embodiment is configured as a composite structure including a base 24 and a weight 25 supported by the base 24 and having a mass greater than that of the base 24. In this embodiment as well, a plurality of bases 24 each having a substantially cylindrical outer shape are provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11 in contact with the sheet surface 11a.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 9 , weight 25 has a substantially conical protrusion 25a extending toward base 24. Weight 25 is supported on the upper surface of base 24 with protrusion 25a embedded within base 24. Even with this configuration, weight 25 is prevented from falling off. The shape of protrusion 25a is not particularly limited as long as it extends toward base 24. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , it may be a cylindrical protrusion 25b or a hollow cylindrical protrusion 25c. In addition to these, any shape may be employed, such as a sphere, a hemisphere, an oval sphere, a triangular prism, a rectangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, a polygonal prism such as a pentagonal prism or a hexagonal prism, an oval prism, a truncated pyramid, a truncated cone, a pyramid, or an irregular shape not classified as any of the above.

[0051] On the other hand, the rib-shaped protrusions 32 in this embodiment are molded to have an approximately cylindrical outer shape, and each rib-shaped protrusion 32 is spaced apart so as to form a row along the length direction (sheet flow direction, MD direction) of the sheet 11 at the edge in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the sheet flow direction, TD direction) of the sheet 11.

[0052] This embodiment also achieves the same effects as the first embodiment. In addition, in this embodiment, the rib-like protrusions 32 are spaced apart in a row, which further enhances the conformability (flexibility) of the sound-insulating sheet member 101. Therefore, the stretchable and flexible sheet 11 can conform to the surface shape of an attachment surface with a more complex shape, and as a result, the sheet 11 can be stably attached to the support body 51.

[0053] (Third embodiment) Fig. 19 is a schematic perspective view showing a sound-insulating sheet member 102 of this embodiment, and Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX-XX. The sound-insulating sheet member 102 includes a sheet 11 having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonating portions 21 provided on a sheet surface 11a of this sheet 11. This embodiment has the same configuration as the sound-insulating sheet member 100 or 101 and the sound-insulating structure 200 or 201 of the first and second embodiments described above, except for the number of resonating portions, the shape of the base and the weight, and the fact that no rib-like protrusions or supports are provided, and therefore a redundant description will be omitted here.

[0054] In this embodiment, the base 22 is substantially cylindrical, and the portion located opposite the bottom surface in contact with the seat surface 11 a has a hemispherical outer shape. The outer shape of the base is not particularly limited, and the shape of the portion opposite the bottom surface in contact with the seat surface 11 a is also not particularly limited, but can be appropriately adjusted to, for example, a hemispherical, flat, convex, concave, or the like. The external shape of the weight portion is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted to a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, a polyhedron such as a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped, a plate shape, or the like.

[0055] [Manufacturing method] The method for producing the sound-insulating sheet member and sound-insulating structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may include, for example, the following steps (1) to (4). (1) A step of preparing a mold having a plurality of cavities and placing weights in the plurality of cavities provided in the mold. (2) A process of pouring a resin material and / or a polymer material into the cavity. (3) A step of hardening the poured resin material and / or polymer material. (4) A step of peeling the obtained cured product from the mold. The above steps (1) to (4) can be carried out in accordance with the description of the manufacturing method shown in the embodiment described below. In step (2), the shape of the cavity is not particularly limited, and for example, the shape of the bottom can be appropriately selected from hemispherical, flat, convex, concave, etc. For example, when the cavity has a hemispherical shape, the position of the weight placed in the cavity tends to be fixed at the apex of the hemisphere, and the positions of the weight parts tend to be consistent among the multiple resonating parts provided in the sound-insulating sheet member.

[0056] One embodiment of the method for manufacturing a sound-insulating sheet member will be described using the above-described embodiment 1. The method for manufacturing a sound-insulating sheet member and a sound-insulating structure of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied mutatis mutandis to other embodiments as appropriate. The sound-insulating sheet member 100 can be obtained by providing the resonating portion 21 and the rib-like protrusions 31 described above on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11. The method for providing the resonating portion 21 and the rib-like protrusions 31 is not particularly limited. Examples include a method of bonding separately molded components by applying heat and pressure or pressure, a method of bonding using various known adhesives, and a method of joining by thermal welding, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, etc. Examples of adhesives include, but are not limited to, epoxy resin adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, polyurethane resin adhesives, silicone resin adhesives, polyolefin resin adhesives, polyvinyl butyral resin adhesives, and mixtures thereof. Note that a portion or all of the resonating portion 21 and the rib-like protrusions 31 can also be formed by punching a rubber plate obtained by the above-described molding method. Furthermore, if a portion of the resonating portion 21 is made of a metal or alloy, it can be formed by cutting the metal or alloy.

[0057] From the viewpoint of improving productivity and economy, a method of integrally molding the sound-insulating sheet member 100 by mold forming, cast molding, or the like is preferred. One example of such a method is to use a mold or cast having a cavity corresponding to the shape of the integrally molded product of the sheet 11, the resonating portion 21, and the rib-like protrusions 31 to mold the integrally molded product of the sheet 11, the resonating portion 21, and the rib-like protrusions 31. Various known integral molding methods are known, including press molding, compression molding, cast molding, extrusion molding, and injection molding, and the type is not particularly limited. Note that, if the raw materials for each component are, for example, resin materials or polymeric materials having rubber elasticity, they can be poured into the cavity in the form of a liquid precursor or a heated melt. Furthermore, if the raw materials are metals, alloys, or inorganic glass, they can be pre-positioned (inserted) in a predetermined position within the cavity. The resin material or polymer material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the materials exemplified for the sheet and base of the sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention, as well as their raw materials and intermediates.

[0058] 3 to 6 are diagrams showing an example of a manufacturing process for the sound-insulating sheet member 100. Here, a mold 61 having a cavity 61a shaped to correspond to the above-mentioned resonator 21 and a cavity 61b shaped to correspond to the rib-like protrusion 31 is used (see FIG. 3), and the weight 23 is placed in the cavity 61a of the mold 61 (see FIG. 4). Then, a resin material having rubber elasticity is poured into the cavity. The mixture is poured into tees 61a and 61b, and after heating or pressurization as necessary (see FIG. 5), the integrally molded product of sheet 11, resonating portion 21, and rib-like protrusions 31 is released from the mold to obtain the sound-insulating sheet member 100. This type of integral molding method not only improves productivity and economy, but also makes it easy to mold even complex shapes, and tends to easily obtain a sound-insulating sheet member 100 with improved adhesion between the various parts and excellent mechanical strength. From these perspectives as well, it is preferable that sheet 11, resonating portion 21, and rib-like protrusions 31 be integrally molded products containing a thermosetting elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0059] [Action and effect] The sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 and sound-insulating structures 200-201 of this embodiment are configured such that multiple resonating portions 21 are provided in contact with the sheet surface 11a of the rubber-elastic sheet 11. Therefore, when sound waves are incident from a noise source, high sound-insulating performance that surpasses the mass law can be achieved. Here, in the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 and sound-insulating structures 200-201 of this embodiment, the resonant frequency of the resonating portions 21 can be easily controlled by adjusting the spring constant by changing the shape or material (elastic modulus, mass) of the base portion 22 or by changing the mass of the weight portion 23. Furthermore, the frequency band (acoustic bandgap width and frequency position) can also be controlled by changing the material, thickness, etc. of the sheet 11. Therefore, the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 and sound-insulating structures 200-201 of this embodiment offer greater freedom in selecting sound-insulating frequencies and greater design freedom than conventional products.

[0060] Furthermore, in the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 and sound-insulating structures 200-201 of this embodiment, the resonating portion 21 and the rib-like protrusions 31 are provided in contact with one sheet surface 11a of the rubber-elastic sheet 11, and are not provided on the other sheet surface 11b. Therefore, even if the support body 51 has an uneven surface, such as a curved surface, the stretchable and flexible sheet 11 can follow the surface shape of the support body 51, and as a result, the sheet 11 can be stably attached to the support body 51. Therefore, the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 and sound-insulating structures 200-201 of this embodiment are easier to handle and more versatile than conventional ones.

[0061] Furthermore, when the sheet 11 and the resonating unit 21 are integrally molded, it becomes possible to install a plurality of resonating units 21 (resonators) together, which significantly improves productivity and ease of handling.

[0062] Because the rib-like protrusions 31 are provided with a maximum height H2 that is greater than the maximum height H1 of the resonating portion 21, even when the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 are rolled up in a sheet form or multiple sheets are stacked together, the rib-like protrusions 31 function as spacers, preventing the resonating portion 21 from coming into contact with the rear surface of the sheet 11. This makes it easy to continuously produce and store the sound-insulating sheet members 100-103 on a roll-to-roll basis without causing manufacturing problems such as deformation, deviation, cracking, falling off, or breakage of the resonating portion 21, thereby improving production speed compared to batch production using individual sheets, and enhancing productivity and economy.

[0063] [Sound insulation structure] The sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention can be used as a sound-insulating structure. As shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, the sound-insulating structure may have a support, rib-like protrusions, etc. Furthermore, one example of a use of the sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention is to attach it to the main body or cover of a mechanical device, or wrap it around metal piping, resin piping, etc., to reduce or muffle sounds emitted from mechanical devices such as motors and pumps, or sounds emitted from metal piping or resin piping.

[0064] The sound-insulating structure may be a sound-insulating structure in which the sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention includes a sound-insulating sheet member and a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member. By using the sound-insulating sheet member in combination with a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member, it can be used as a building structure or the like having a sound-insulating function and a fire-preventing function. The structures, positions, etc. of the sound-insulating sheet member and the flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member that constitute the sound-insulating structure are not particularly limited. For example, the sound-insulating sheet member may be provided on a support that uses a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable portion as a support, or the sound-insulating sheet member may be provided in a housing that is made of flame-retardant and / or non-flammable members. A flame-retardant and / or non-flammable housing is a material that hardens when heated and does not melt even when exposed to high temperatures during a fire, or a material that does not burn and maintains a certain shape for a certain period of time even when exposed to heat from a fire, and is formed from a thermosetting resin composition or a flame-retardant material (including semi-non-flammable materials and non-flammable materials). The thermosetting resin composition is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include highly heat-resistant thermosetting acrylic resin compositions, thermosetting epoxy resin compositions, polyimide resins, and the like. Examples of flame-retardant materials include inorganic fibers such as glass wool, rock wool, ceramic wool, siliceous fibers, carbon fibers, silica alumina fibers, alumina fibers, and silica fibers; gypsum, concrete, etc., processed into a plate; or gypsum, concrete, etc., blended with the inorganic fibers described above and processed into a plate; metals such as steel, iron, copper, and aluminum; aluminum-glass cloth; and flame-retardant resin compositions obtained by adding a flame retardant such as red phosphorus to a resin component such as a urethane resin.

[0065] The sound-insulating structure may be a laminate including the sound-insulating sheet member of the present invention. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the sound-insulating structure in Fig. 21, the sound-insulating structure may be configured such that sound-insulating sheet members 102 are provided on both sides of a support 51, i.e., the sheet surfaces 11b of two sound-insulating sheet members 102 are opposed to each other and the support 51 is sandwiched between them. Alternatively, a plurality of sound-insulating structures each having a sound-insulating sheet member provided on a support may be laminated and used. By combining a plurality of sound-insulating sheet members, the acoustic band gap width, frequency position, etc. can be controlled. [Example]

[0066] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Various conditions can be adopted in the present invention as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention and the object of the present invention is achieved.

[0067] Example 1 A 3 mm thick silicone rubber sheet was prepared by pouring Sylgard 184 (Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.) into a stainless steel container and heating it at 150°C for 15 minutes. The Young's modulus of the prepared silicone rubber was measured using a dynamic viscoelasticity analyzer DVA-200s (IT Measurement & Control Co., Ltd.) and was found to be 10 MPa at 25°C and 10 Hz. The density was 1.04 g / cm. 3The silicone rubber sheet was then punched into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 3 mm to form the base of the resonating protrusion. The mass of each base of the resonating protrusion was 0.09 g. The density was 19.3 g / cm 3 The weight part of the resonating convex part was fabricated by cutting tungsten into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 3 mm. The mass of each weight part of the resonating convex part was 1.6 g. The obtained cylindrical base was pressure-bonded onto a silicone rubber sheet (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc.) with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a Young's modulus of 3.4 MPa (25°C, 10 Hz). Next, a cylindrical weight was pressure-bonded onto the upper surface of the cylindrical base, thereby producing the sound-insulating sheet member of Example 1. Thereafter, the obtained sound-insulating sheet member was pressure-bonded to an aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm, thereby producing the sound-insulating structure of Example 1.

[0068] (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) The sound insulation structure of Comparative Example 1 was produced by removing all of the resonating parts from the sound insulation structure of Example 1. Furthermore, the sound insulation structure of Comparative Example 2 was produced by directly press-bonding the base onto a 0.5 mm thick aluminum plate without using a 0.2 mm thick silicone rubber sheet, and then adhering a cylindrical weight to the top surface of this base. Furthermore, a sound insulation structure of Comparative Example 2 was produced by attaching a cylindrical weight to the 0.5 mm thick aluminum plate. The weight portion was adhered with Aron Alpha 201 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) to prepare a sound insulating structure of Comparative Example 3.

[0069] (Comparative Examples 4 to 5) A sound-insulating sheet member was produced by pressure-bonding the cylindrical tungsten weight of Example 1 onto a silicone rubber sheet (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc.) with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a Young's modulus of 3.4 MPa (25°C, 10 Hz).The sound-insulating sheet member thus obtained was then pressure-bonded to an aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm to produce a sound-insulating structure of Comparative Example 4. A sound-insulating sheet member was produced by pressure-bonding the cylindrical silicone rubber base of Example 1 onto a silicone rubber sheet (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc.) with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a Young's modulus of 3.4 MPa (25°C, 10 Hz).The sound-insulating sheet member thus obtained was then pressure-bonded to an aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm to produce a sound-insulating structure of Comparative Example 5.

[0070] The sound-insulating structures of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were shaped like a plate measuring 300 mm × 200 mm in plan view. The sound-insulating structures of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2 to 5 each had 100 resonating protrusions (10 in the length direction of the seat × 10 in the width direction of the seat, arranged in a grid pattern) within a 100 × 100 mm area in the center of the seat.

[0071] [Sound insulation performance] The sound-insulating structure was placed in a chamber with internal dimensions of 700 mm x 600 mm x 500 mm (volume 0.21 m 3 The sheet was attached to the opening (210 mm x 300 mm) at the top of the sound source chamber of the sound insulation structure, and the vibration amplitude in the out-of-plane direction of the sheet surface at the center of the sound insulation structure, where the resonating parts did not overlap, was measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer (OFV2500, CLV700 (Polytec Corporation)). White noise was emitted from a speaker (101MM (Bose Corporation)) installed inside the sound source chamber, and sound waves were incident on the test piece from random directions. The measurement results are shown in Figures 12 to 17.

[0072] A comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 confirmed that a region where vibration is suppressed in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz appears due to the presence of the resonating portion. Furthermore, a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 confirmed that a region where vibration is reduced in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz appears in both the configuration of the prior art in which multiple resonators are directly bonded to an aluminum plate and the configuration of the present invention in which multiple resonating portions are provided on a rubber-elastic sheet. This confirms that the present invention has sound insulation performance equivalent to that of the prior art.

[0073] Furthermore, a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 confirmed that, even though the surface density was roughly the same in both configurations, the configuration in which multiple cylindrical weights were directly bonded to an aluminum plate did not exhibit any vibration reduction in the range of 1 to 2 kHz. This proves that the sound-insulating sheet member and sound-insulating structure of the present invention exhibit behavior that exceeds the mass law.

[0074] Furthermore, a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 confirmed that the vibration reduction in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz was not significant in the configuration without a cylindrical base, which supports the need for the resonating unit to have a base.

[0075] Furthermore, a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 5 confirmed that a configuration without a cylindrical weight portion did not result in vibration reduction in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz, which supports the need for the resonator to include a weight portion.

[0076] [Acoustic band gap] Next, the acoustic band gap was estimated using the finite element method according to the method described in Non-Patent Document 3. A schematic diagram of the unit cell for each configuration is shown in Figure 18, and the estimated acoustic band gap results are shown in Table 1, along with the size, material, and physical properties of the constituent members.

[0077] [Table 1]

[0078] Comparing estimated configurations 1 and 2 with comparative configuration 1, the acoustic band gap of the sound-insulating sheet component, in which multiple resonating parts are provided on a sheet with rubber elasticity, shifts to the lower frequency side as the sheet thickness increases to 0.2 mmt, then 0.5 mmt. From the above, it was confirmed that it is possible to control the acoustic band gap by the thickness of the sheet, and that this increases the degree of freedom in the design of sound-insulating sheet components.

[0079] Furthermore, from estimated configurations 4 and 5, the acoustic band gap shifts to the lower frequency side by decreasing the Young's modulus of the sheet from 10 MPa to 1 MPa. From the above, it was confirmed that it is possible to control the acoustic band gap by the Young's modulus of the sheet, and that this increases the degree of freedom in the design of sound-insulating sheet components. [Explanation of symbols]

[0080] 11 sheets 11a Seat surface 11b Seat surface 21 Resonance section 22 Base 23 Weight 24 base 25 Weight 25a Convex part 25b Convex part 25c convex part 31 Rib-like protrusion 32 Rib-like protrusion 51 Support 61 Mold 61a cavity 61b cavity 100 Sound-insulating sheet material 101 Sound-insulating sheet material 102 Sound-insulating sheet material 200 Soundproofing Structure 201 Soundproofing Structure 202 Soundproofing Structure H1 Maximum height H2 Maximum height r radius h height a Sheet length I Weight ii base iii Sheet iv Support

Claims

1. The device includes at least a sound-insulating sheet member and a support member, The sound-insulating sheet member is The device includes at least a sheet having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonating units, the resonating portion is provided in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet, the resonator includes a base and a weight; the weight portion is supported by the base, has a mass greater than the base, and is configured from a single member; a sound-insulating sheet member, wherein at least a portion of the weight portion is embedded in the base portion on a tip side of the resonating portion; the support body is provided in contact with the entire surface of the sheet other than the surface on which the resonating portion is provided, and supports the sheet; The thickness of the sheet is 1 mm or less. Soundproofing structure.

2. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 1 , wherein the base and the weight are arranged so that the center of gravity of the resonating unit is located at least closer to the tip end than the center of the resonating unit in the height direction.

3. 3. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the sheet contains at least one elastomer selected from the group consisting of a heat- or light-curable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer.

4. The sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sheet has a Young's modulus of 0.01 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less.

5. 5. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the base contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat- or light-curable elastomer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a heat- or light-curable resin, and a thermoplastic resin.

6. the sheet and the resonator unit are an integrally molded product, and both contain at least one elastomer selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting or photosetting elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer; The sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. 7. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the weight portion contains at least one material selected from the group consisting of metals, alloys, and inorganic glasses.

8. The sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the weight portion has a protrusion provided toward the base portion.

9. The sound-insulating sheet member further includes at least one rib-shaped protrusion, The sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rib-shaped protrusion is provided in contact with the upper surface of the sheet and has a height in the normal direction of the sheet that is greater than that of the resonating portion.

10. 10. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 9, wherein the rib-like protrusions are provided so as to extend in the seat length direction of the seat.

11. 11. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of the rib-shaped protrusions are spaced apart along the seat length direction of the seat.

12. 12. The sound-insulating structure according to claim 9, wherein the sheet, the resonating portion, and the rib-like protrusions are integrally molded and contain at least one elastomer selected from the group consisting of a heat- or light-curable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer.

13. The sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the support is a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member.

Images