Shoring joint structure, shoring connection member, and shoring assembly method

Abstract

To provide a shoring joint structure capable of improving the workability and safety during shoring construction at a lower cost, a shoring connecting member, and a shoring assembly method.SOLUTION: A shoring connection method is a method using a shoring joint structure, a support joint structure 4 that connects a pair of opposing left and right steel supports 3, 3 including an insertion pin 5 protruding from the end of steel support 3 and a receiving pipe 6 installed in parallel with the insertion pin 5 at the end of the steel support 3. The insertion pin 5 of one steel support 3 is inserted into the receiving pipe 6 of the other steel support 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a support joint structure, a support connecting member, and a support assembly method. [Background technology]

[0002] In tunnel construction using NATM, the ground surface exposed by tunnel excavation is sealed off early with support. Tunnel support is generally composed of shotcrete sprayed onto the ground surface, steel support assembled along the ground surface, and rock bolts poured into the ground normal to the tunnel from the inside. Support is installed by spraying the primary shotcrete onto the ground exposed by excavation, then assembling the steel support, and then spraying the secondary shotcrete.

[0003] When assembling steel shoring, it is common to use heavy machinery such as a jumbo drill to hold the steel shoring in place, and then manually tighten the bolts on both sides of the shoring near the top of the face. However, tightening bolts manually is time-consuming and requires work to be done on the exposed ground before the shoring is complete, or directly below the first sprayed concrete.

[0004] For this reason, construction methods have been disclosed that aim to improve workability and safety during shoring construction.For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a tunnel construction method in which a male connector is provided at the end (joint) of one of a pair of left and right steel shoring, and a female connector is formed at the end (joint) of the other steel shoring, and an erector device having a pair of hands that can grasp the steel shoring is used to butt the joints of the left and right steel shoring together to engage the male connector with the female connector, and then the steel shoring assembled in an arch shape is erected along the tunnel face. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6374051 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the tunnel construction method described in Patent Document 1, a male connector is inserted into a female connector, causing them to interlock with each other. The male connector and female connector formed to interlock with each other have complex shapes or are formed by combining multiple parts, which makes manufacturing time-consuming and results in high manufacturing costs.

[0007] The present invention aims to propose a support joint structure, a support connecting member, and a support connecting method that enable improved workability and safety during support construction, while also reducing costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The support joint structure of the present invention, which solves such problems, comprises an insertion pin protruding from the end of a steel support and a support pipe arranged parallel to the insertion pin at the end of the steel support, and the insertion pin of one steel support is inserted into the support pipe of the other steel support, thereby connecting the steel supports together with the cores of a pair of opposing left and right steel supports aligned.

[0009] This shoring joint structure allows simple steel shoring to be connected simply by inserting an insertion pin into a support pipe. Therefore, manual bolt tightening is not required, and the steel shoring can be connected using an erector device with a pair of hands that can grasp the steel shoring. This eliminates the need for manual work on the exposed ground before the shoring is completed, or directly below the primary shotcrete. Furthermore, because the structure is simple, requiring only an insertion pin to be inserted into a support pipe, there is no need to complicate the shapes of the insertion pin and support pipe, and manufacturing costs are relatively low.

[0010] Such a shoring joint structure may be such that, in the steel shoring having an H-shaped steel beam and a joint plate welded to the tip of the H-shaped steel beam, a through hole is formed in the joint plate corresponding to the positions of the insertion pin and the support pipe, the insertion pin passes through the through hole and is welded to one side of the web of the steel shoring, and the support pipe has one end welded to the joint plate and the other end welded to the other side of the web. In such a shoring joint structure, the joint plates are pressure-bonded together with the insertion pin inserted into the support pipe.

[0011] Another example of a support joint structure is one in which the support connecting member of the present invention is fixed to the support joint plate of the steel support, which has an H-shaped steel beam and a support joint plate welded to the tip of the H-shaped steel beam. The support connecting member of the present invention is fixed to the tips of a pair of opposing left and right steel supports to connect the steel supports together, and comprises a main body made of H-shaped steel, a support plate fixed to the tip of the main body, a joint plate for connecting members fixed to the base end of the main body, an insertion pin fixed to one side of the web of the main body, and a support pipe fixed to the other side of the web, and the support plate has a through hole formed in it at a position corresponding to the insertion pin and the support pipe, through which the insertion pin can be inserted, and the insertion pin passes through the through hole so as to be insertable into the support pipe of another support connecting member fixed to the tip of the other opposing steel support.

[0012] By using the shoring connection member, it is not necessary to process the steel shoring to install the insertion pin and support pipe, or the processing of the steel shoring can be minimized. Therefore, the labor required for processing the steel shoring can be eliminated and costs can be reduced. In this shoring joint structure, the support plates are pressure-joined with the insertion pin inserted into the support pipe.

[0013] If a bolt is fixed to the connecting member joint plate at the position corresponding to the through hole formed in the shoring joint plate formed at the end of the steel shoring, the shoring connecting member can be fixed to the steel shoring by inserting the bolt into the through hole in the shoring joint plate and screwing in the nut. This makes it easy to attach the shoring connecting member to the steel shoring.

[0014] Furthermore, if a groove is formed on the side of the insertion pin, it is desirable that a locking member that can be inserted into the groove is provided on the support pipe. In this way, when the insertion pin is inserted into the support pipe, the groove and the locking member engage, preventing the insertion pin from coming out. Therefore, if the insertion pin comes out for some reason during support assembly, there is no need to repeat the process of inserting the insertion pin into the support pipe again.

[0015] In addition, the support assembly method of the present invention connects a pair of opposing steel supports, and at the tip of each steel support, an insertion pin that protrudes toward the other steel support and a support pipe with an inner diameter that allows the insertion pin to be inserted are arranged side by side, and the steel supports are connected to each other by inserting the insertion pin fixed to one of the steel supports into the support pipe fixed to the other steel support.

[0016] This shoring assembly method makes it possible to easily connect steel shoring together. Furthermore, because manual bolt tightening is not required, the steel shoring can be connected using an erector device with a pair of hands that can grasp the steel shoring, eliminating the need for manual work on the exposed ground before the shoring is completed or directly below the primary shotcrete application.

[0017] In addition, when using a support connecting member, the work of fixing the support connecting member to which the insertion pin and the support pipe are fixed to the tip of the steel support is carried out before the work of connecting the steel supports to each other. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The support joint structure, support connecting member, and support connecting method of the present invention make it possible to improve workability and safety during support construction. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing an outline of a tunnel according to a first embodiment, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a longitudinal section. [Figure 2] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a support joint structure of a first embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view. [Figure 3] 1A and 1B are exploded views of the support joint structure of the first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a front view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an outline of a tunnel according to a second embodiment, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a longitudinal section view. [Figure 5] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a support joint structure of a second embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view. [Figure 6] 10A and 10B are exploded views of a support joint structure according to a second embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] In this embodiment, a case where a tunnel is constructed using NATM will be described. As shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b), a tunnel T is stabilized by excavating the natural ground G and blocking the exposed natural ground surface Gs with supports 1 made of shotcrete 2, steel supports 3, etc. Furthermore, during tunnel construction, auxiliary construction methods such as forepoling (short-length pre-supporting), head bolt work, and leg reinforcement work may be used in combination as needed.

[0021] In tunnel construction, first, the natural ground G is excavated to form a borehole (tunnel T) (excavation process). The excavation method for the tunnel T is not limited, and may be, for example, blasting excavation or mechanical excavation. The excavation length of the tunnel T per cycle is determined according to the natural ground conditions (natural ground grade, earth covering, etc.), but in this embodiment, it is set to 1.0 to 1.2 m.

[0022] After the tunnel T has been excavated to a predetermined length (1.0 to 1.2 m in this embodiment), the ground G is excavated and the support 1 is formed along the exposed ground surface Gs. The support 1 in this embodiment comprises shotcrete 2 consisting of primary shotcrete 21 and secondary shotcrete 22, and steel support 3. The construction of the support 1 comprises primary spraying work, support assembly work, and secondary spraying work.

[0023] In the primary spraying work, primary shotcrete 21 is sprayed onto the ground surface Gs exposed by excavation of the ground G. The primary shotcrete 21 is sprayed onto the wall surface (side surface) of the tunnel T as well as the face K. The spraying thickness of the primary shotcrete 21 may be determined appropriately.

[0024] In the shoring assembly work, the steel shoring 3 is placed along the surface of the primary shotcrete 21 (or the ground surface Gs) near the working face K. In the shoring assembly work, a pair of opposing steel shoring 3, 3 is erected inside the tunnel, and the steel shoring 3 are connected to each other at the top. The steel shoring 3 are connected to each other via a shoring joint structure 4.

[0025] The steel support 3 is made of H-shaped steel that has been bent to fit the inner wall surface of the tunnel T, and a joint plate 31 is fixed to the upper end of the steel support 3, and a bottom plate 32 is fixed to the lower end of the steel support 3.

[0026] As shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), the shoring joint structure 4 includes an insertion pin 5 protruding from the end of the steel shoring 3, and a support pipe 6 arranged alongside the insertion pin 5 at the end of the steel shoring 3. The insertion pin 5 is welded to the joint plate 31 and also welded to one surface of the web 33 of the steel shoring 3. The support pipe 6 is a tubular member with an inner diameter large enough to insert the insertion pin 5, and one end is welded to the joint plate 31 and the other end is welded to the other surface of the web 33.

[0027] As shown in Figures 3(a) and (b), a joint plate 31 fixed to the end of the steel support 3 has through holes 34, 34 formed in it to correspond to the positions of the insertion pin 5 and the support pipe 6. The through hole 34 has a diameter that allows the insertion pin 5 to be inserted therethrough (for example, a diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the support pipe 6). The insertion pin 5 passes through the through hole 34 and protrudes toward the other steel support. The support pipe 6 faces the through hole and opens toward the other steel support.

[0028] As shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), opposing steel supports 3, 3 are connected by inserting the insertion pin 5 of one steel support 3 into the support pipe 6 of the other steel support 3. The tip of the insertion pin 5 is conical, with the diameter decreasing towards the tip, making it easier to insert into the support pipe 6. In addition, the length of the insertion pin 5 protruding from the joint plate 31 is longer than the length of the support pipe 6, so that when inserted into the support pipe 6, the tip (conical part) protrudes from the base end of the support pipe 6.

[0029] Once the assembly of the steel support 3 is complete, the secondary shotcrete 22 is sprayed toward the side of the tunnel T (secondary spraying work).

[0030] As described above, according to the shoring joint structure 4 of this embodiment and the shoring assembly method using the same, simple steel shoring 3 can be connected together simply by inserting the insertion pin 5 into the support pipe 6. Therefore, without the need for manual bolt tightening work, the steel shoring 3 can be connected using an erector device having a pair of hands that can grasp the steel shoring 3, eliminating the need for manual work on the exposed ground before the shoring 1 is completed or directly below the primary shotcrete 21.

[0031] Furthermore, because of the simple configuration in which the insertion pin 5 is simply inserted into the receiving pipe 6, there is no need to complicate the shapes of the insertion pin 5 and the receiving pipe 6, and manufacturing costs are relatively low. The steel supports 3 arranged on the left and right are pressure-bonded together at the joint plates 31, so they can fully demonstrate their capabilities as an arch-shaped support structure.

[0032] Furthermore, since the process can be completed by simply forming the through holes 34 in the joint plate 31 and fixing the insertion pins 5 and support pipes 6 to the web 33, it is possible to minimize the amount of processing required on the steel support 3. This reduces the amount of work required during manufacturing, and there is no need to worry about a decrease in strength due to the steel support 3 being lowered.

[0033] Second Embodiment 4(a), the second embodiment differs from the shoring joint structure 4 of the first embodiment in that the steel shoring 3 are connected to each other via shoring connecting members 7, in that the end faces (joint plates 31) of the steel shoring 3 are joined in abutting contact with each other. Note that the details of the primary spraying work and the secondary spraying work are the same as those shown in the first embodiment, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0034] In the shoring assembly work, as shown in Figure 4(b), steel shoring 3 is placed near the working face K along the surface of the primary shotcrete 21 (or the ground surface Gs). In the shoring assembly work, a pair of opposing steel shoring 3, 3 is erected inside the tunnel, and the steel shoring 3 are connected to each other at the top (see Figure 4(a)). The steel shoring 3 are connected to each other via a shoring joint structure 4.

[0035] As shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), the shoring joint structure 4 includes a shoring connecting member 7 fixed to the steel shoring 3. The shoring connecting member 7 is fixed to the tip (upper end) of the steel shoring 3, and by connecting the shoring connecting members 7 together, the steel shoring 3 is connected together.

[0036] The steel support 3 is made up of an H-shaped steel bent to fit the inner wall surface of the tunnel T, a joint plate (shoring joint plate) 31 welded to the upper end of the H-shaped steel, and a bottom plate 32 welded to the lower end of the H-shaped steel. The joint plate 31 has a pair of through holes 34, 34 formed in it.

[0037] As shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), the support connecting member 7 comprises a main body 71 made of H-shaped steel, a support plate 72 fixed to the tip of the main body 71, a connecting member joint plate 73 fixed to the base end of the main body 71, an insertion pin 5 that passes through the support plate 72 and is welded to one side of a web 74 of the main body 71, and a support pipe 6 that has one end welded to the support plate 72 and the other end fixed to the other side of the web 74.

[0038] The support plate 72 has a through hole 75 formed in it at a position corresponding to the insertion pin 5 and the support pipe 6, through which the insertion pin 5 can be inserted. The tip of the insertion pin 5 passes through the through hole 75 in the support plate 72 so that it can be inserted into the support pipe 6 of another shoring connecting member 7 fixed to the tip of another opposing steel support 3. In addition, the base end of the insertion pin 5 is welded to the main body 71 (web 74). The support pipe 6 is welded to the main body 71 (web 74) with its opening facing the through hole 75.

[0039] A bolt 76 protruding from the joint plate 31 (shoring joint plate) side is fixed to the joint plate 73 for connecting members. The bolt 76 is fixed at a position corresponding to the position of the through hole 34 of the joint plate 31 formed at the end of the steel shoring 3. The bolt 76 in this embodiment is a cut bolt fixed to the joint plate 73 for connecting members. The bolt 76 is arranged in parallel with the outside of the insertion pin 5 or the receiving pipe 6 (the opposite side to the web 74) within the space surrounded by the flange and web 74 of the main body 71.

[0040] In the shoring assembly work, first, the shoring connecting member 7 is fixed to the joint plate 31 of the steel shoring 3. As shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), the shoring connecting member 7 is fixed by inserting a bolt 76 fixed to a joint plate 73 for a connecting member into the through hole 34 of the joint plate 31, overlapping the joint plate 31 and the joint plate 73 for a connecting member, and screwing a nut 77 onto the bolt 76.

[0041] After the shoring connecting member 7 is fixed to the tip (joint plate 31) of the steel shoring 3, the left and right steel shoring 3, 3 are raised and the steel shoring 3 are connected at the top. Opposing steel shoring 3, 3 are connected by inserting the insertion pin 5 of one shoring connecting member 7 into the support pipe 6 of the other shoring connecting member 7. The tip of the insertion pin 5 has a conical shape that narrows in diameter as it approaches the tip, making it easier to insert into the support pipe 6.

[0042] A groove 53 is formed on the side of the boundary between the conical tip portion 51 and the cylindrical general portion 52 of the insertion pin 5. Meanwhile, a locking member 61 is attached to the receiving pipe 6. The end of the locking member 61 passes through the receiving pipe 6 and can be inserted into the groove 53 formed in the insertion pin 5. When the insertion pin 5 is inserted into the receiving pipe 6, the locking member 61 is locked into the groove 53, making it difficult for the insertion pin 5 to come out. The locking member 61 in this embodiment is a C-shaped member (a so-called D-ring or C-ring) with its end passing through a hole formed in the receiving pipe 6.

[0043] As described above, according to the shoring joint structure 4 of this embodiment and the shoring assembly method using the same, by attaching the shoring connecting member 7 to the upper end of the steel shoring 3, it is possible to easily connect the steel shoring 3 together. Therefore, without the need for manual bolt tightening work, the steel shoring 3 can be connected using an erector device having a pair of hands that can grasp the steel shoring 3, and manual work on the exposed ground before the shoring 1 is completed or directly below the primary shotcrete 21 can be omitted.

[0044] The shoring connecting member 7 can be fixed to the steel shoring 3 by fixing it to the joint plate 31 (shoring joint plate) via bolts 76, so no major processing is required for the steel shoring 3. This allows costs to be kept to a minimum.

[0045] When the insertion pin 5 is inserted into the receiving pipe 6, the end of the locking member 61 is locked (inserted) into the groove 53, preventing the insertion pin 5 from coming out of the receiving pipe 6. Therefore, during connecting work using heavy machinery, the insertion pin 5 is prevented from coming out due to an operating error of the machine, etc., and work efficiency can be improved.

[0046] Furthermore, due to the simple configuration in which the insertion pin 5 is simply inserted into the support pipe 6, there is no need to complicate the shapes of the insertion pin 5 and the support pipe 6, and manufacturing costs are relatively low. The steel supports 3 arranged on the left and right are connected via a pair of support connecting members 7, 7 in which the support plates 72 are pressure-bonded together, so the ability to function as an arch-shaped support structure can be fully demonstrated.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described components can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1 Shoring 2. Shotcrete 3 Steel shoring 31 Joint plate 33 Web 34 Through hole 4. Shoring joint structure 5 Insertion Pin 53 Groove 6 Receiving pipe 61 Locking member 7 Support connecting member T-Tunnel

Claims

1. A support joint structure that connects a pair of opposing left and right steel supports, An insertion pin protruding from an end of the steel support; A receiving pipe arranged in parallel with the insertion pin at the end of the steel support, A support joint structure characterized in that the insertion pin of one of the steel supports is inserted into the support pipe of the other steel support, thereby aligning the centers of the steel supports.

2. The steel support has an H-shaped steel and a joint plate welded to the tip of the H-shaped steel, The joint plate has a through hole formed therein corresponding to the positions of the insertion pin and the receiving pipe, The insertion pin passes through the through hole and is welded to one surface of the web of the steel support, 2. The support joint structure according to claim 1, wherein one end of the support pipe is welded to the joint plate and the other end is welded to the other surface of the web.

3. A support connecting member is fixed to the joint plate of the steel support having an H-shaped steel and a support joint plate welded to the tip of the H-shaped steel, The support connecting member includes a main body made of an H-shaped steel having a cross-sectional shape equivalent to that of the steel support, A joint plate for connecting members fixed to an end surface of the main body on the steel support side; A support plate fixed to the end face of the main body opposite to the steel support, The support plate has through holes formed therein corresponding to the positions of the insertion pins and the receiving pipes, the insertion pin passes through the through hole and is fixed to one surface of the web of the main body portion; One end of the support pipe is welded to the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the other surface of the web, The support joint structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting member joint plate is fixed to the support joint plate in a state where it is overlapped on the support joint plate.

4. A bolt protruding toward the support joint plate is fixed to the connecting member joint plate, The support joint structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the support joint plate is formed with a through hole corresponding to the position of the bolt, through which the bolt can be inserted.

5. A support connecting member that is fixed to the tip of a pair of opposing left and right steel supports and connects the steel supports to each other, A main body made of H-shaped steel; a support plate fixed to the tip of the main body; a coupling plate for a connecting member fixed to a base end of the main body; an insertion pin fixed to one surface of the web of the main body; a receiving pipe fixed to the other surface of the web, a through hole through which the insertion pin can be inserted is formed in the support plate at a position corresponding to the insertion pin and the receiving pipe; A support connecting member characterized in that the insertion pin passes through the through hole so that it can be inserted into the support pipe of another support connecting member fixed to the tip of the opposing other steel support.

6. The support connecting member described in claim 5, characterized in that a bolt is fixed to the connecting member joint plate corresponding to the position of a through hole formed in the support joint plate formed at the end of the steel support.

7. A groove is formed on the side surface of the insertion pin, 7. The support connecting member according to claim 5, wherein the receiving pipe is provided with a locking member that can be inserted into the groove.

8. A support assembly method for connecting a pair of opposing steel supports, At the tip of the steel support, an insertion pin protruding toward the other steel support and a receiving pipe having an inner diameter into which the insertion pin can be inserted are provided side by side, A support assembly method characterized by connecting the steel supports to each other by inserting the insertion pin fixed to one of the steel supports into the support pipe fixed to the other steel support.

9. A support assembly method as described in claim 8, characterized in that the work of fixing the support connecting member to which the insertion pin and the support pipe are fixed to the tip of the steel support is performed before the work of connecting the steel supports to each other.

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