Laminated glazing with a heating layer located at the same laminate level as the mask for the current leads of the heating layer

Abstract

Laminated glazing with a heating layer located at the same laminate level as the mask for the current leads of the heating layer. The present invention provides - a laminated glazing, comprising a first transparent sheet (1) intended to constitute the outer surface of the glazing in its installed position, a second transparent sheet (3) joined to the first transparent sheet (1) by an adhesive interlayer (2), a heating layer (6) supplied with current by leads (7) positioned on the periphery of the glazing, and a mask (9) also positioned on the periphery of the glazing between the first transparent sheet (1) and the leads (7) in order to hide the leads (7) from being visible from the outside in the installed position of the laminated glazing, characterized in that the heating layer (6) and the mask (9) are located in the same plane in the laminated structure of the glazing, - their use for land vehicles, motor vehicles, rail vehicles, armoured vehicles, water vehicles or for construction Regarding.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glazing incorporating a heating layer, whether intended for use in land vehicles, automobiles (front and rear windows), rail vehicles, armored vehicles (including heated sides), water vehicles, or for use in buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, heating systems integrated into laminated glazing are powered by two current leads, which are themselves integrated into the laminated glazing and positioned around the periphery of the heating system, and which are positioned within the visible area of ​​the glazing.

[0003] These leads can be covered with a lacquer or opaque ink so that they cannot be seen from the outside atmosphere and also from the inside of the vehicle or building. The lacquer or opaque ink can be screen printed for example for visibility reasons (appearance of the leads) or for stealth reasons. In this case the heating system is made of the same laminate structure (its thickness) as the mask. )surface This arrangement has the effect of increasing the volume and weight of the laminated glass.

[0004] The heating system may be a single or multi-layer system, which may include a layer of indium tin oxide (ITO), one or more silver layers.

[0005] In the case of float mineral glass sheets, these sheets have a so-called tin face (in contact with the molten tin bath) and a so-called air face, which has fewer microcracks and is mechanically stronger than the tin face. For this reason, assuming that the impact likely originates from the outside and that the mechanical strength of the glass is the determining factor for spreading on the face of the sheet opposite the impact, i.e., on the inner surface, it is preferable to position the air face toward the interior of the vehicle or building. Therefore, a heating layer is deposited on this air face of the mineral glass sheet, on the side of the transparent sheet oriented toward the interior of the vehicle or building. Of course, direct user access to the heating layer is precluded (because an electric current flows through it). This requires the lamination of an additional transparent sheet toward the interior of the vehicle or building.

[0006] On the other hand, two different laminated structures The surface Positioning the mask and heating system within the glazing would result in the use of three transparent sheets, which would make the laminated glazing heavy, and on the other hand, this would move the heating system away from the glazing surface in contact with the external atmosphere, which would reduce the effectiveness of its de-icing function and / or require its heating output to be increased. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Therefore, the inventors have simultaneously focused on designing a lighter heating glazing and on moving the heating layer closer to the glazing surface that comes into contact with the outside atmosphere. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To this end, one subject of the invention is a laminated glazing comprising a first transparent sheet intended to constitute the outer surface of the glazing in its mounting position, a second transparent sheet joined to the first transparent sheet by an adhesive interlayer, a heating layer supplied with current by leads positioned around the periphery of the glazing, and a mask also positioned around the periphery of the glazing between the first transparent sheet and the leads in order to hide the leads from being seen from the outside in the mounting position of the laminated glazing, said heating layer and said mask being arranged to prevent the heating layer from being separated from the outer surface of the laminated structure of the glazing. one side The laminated glazing is characterized by being located on top of the glass. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] By means of the present invention, current leads are hidden from view from the exterior of the vehicle or building without the use of a mask which would require laminating a supplemental transparent sheet towards the exterior.

[0010] Within the meaning of the present invention, the heating layer is of the known type as described above, in particular an ITO layer with a thickness of 50 to 800 nm (R / square of 40 to 2 ohms / square) and, in the case of glazings with complex shapes deviating from a square, may include differentiated heating zones, layer thickness gradients, current guidance by flow separation lines obtained by laser ablation of the conductive layer, and any other known and useful improvement means.

[0011] Preferably, the heating layer and the mask are located on the surface of the first transparent sheet opposite to the surface that comes into contact with the external atmosphere.

[0012] Preferably, the leads are located directly on the mask.

[0013] Preferably, each lead is coupled to the heating layer by a transparent conductive film that partially covers the heating layer, for example a film made of a polymer material coated with a conductive layer.

[0014] Preferably, the first and second transparent sheets are independently selected from mineral glass sheets, such as soda-lime, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate glass, optionally thermally tempered or chemically strengthened, and organic polymer material sheets, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polyester, e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET).

[0015] Each of these transparent sheets has a thickness of 0.1 to 20 mm, specifically a maximum of 15 mm, preferably 12 mm. Glazing with an armor-plating function may comprise a first 12 mm transparent sapphire sheet (crystalline Al2O3), a chemically strengthened mineral glass, such as aluminosilicate or PMMA, and a second transparent sheet, for example, made of thin PET (0.18 mm thick) with a polysiloxane scratch-resistant coating, or made of PC (2.5 to 3 mm thick). Glazing for automobiles may comprise first and second float mineral glass sheets, for example, soda-lime glass, optionally heat-tempered, with equal or different thicknesses, rarely exceeding the range of 1.6 to 2.1 mm. Glazing for trains may comprise a first transparent sheet made of mineral glass with a thickness of 4 to 6 mm and a second transparent sheet made of inorganic glass with a thickness of approximately 8 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the adhesive interlayer is selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and may have a thickness of, for example, about 0.38 mm for armored vehicle glazing and 5-6 mm for train glazing.

[0017] Another subject of the invention is the use of the laminated glazing described above for land vehicles, motor vehicles (front windows, rear windows), rail vehicles, armoured vehicles (including heated sides), water vehicles or for buildings.

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first laminated glazing of the prior art. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second prior art laminated glazing. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated glazing according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] In Figure 1, the known first glazing comprises a first 1.6 mm thick thermally tempered soda-lime float glass sheet 1 intended to be in contact with the exterior atmosphere, and a second 2.1 mm thick thermally tempered soda-lime float glass sheet 3 intended to be in contact with the interior of the vehicle. The glass sheets 1 and 3 are joined by a 0.76 mm thick PVB layer 2. On the face of the first glass sheet 1 oriented towards the vehicle passenger compartment, a 200 nm thick heating conductive ITO layer 6 (sheet resistance 10 ohms / square) is deposited. The heating conductive ITO layer can be, for example, located at the periphery of the laminated glazing and in the same stack structure as the heating layer 6. Zoumen The glazing is connected to a current source by a lead 7 made of copper or silver and having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.5 mm at the top. The lead is within the visible region of the glazing and is capable of reflecting light therefrom in such a way as to dazzle an observer outside the vehicle.

[0021] The first and second glass sheets 1 and 3, and the PVB layer 2 in Figure 2 are also identical to those in Figure 1. However, in Figure 2, a third thermally tempered soda-lime glass sheet 5 having a thickness of 1.6 mm is bonded to the second glass sheet 3 by a second PVB layer 4 having a thickness of 0.76 mm. In this case, the second glass sheet 3 has a layer of the same height or thickness as the laminate on the side oriented toward the vehicle passenger compartment. The face On top is deposited a heating layer 6 and its current leads 7, also positioned around the periphery at two opposite edges of the glazing. A mask 9 consisting of screen-printed lacquer is deposited on the face of the first glass sheet 1 oriented towards the vehicle passenger compartment, thereby hiding the leads 7 from being seen from outside the vehicle.

[0022] According to the present invention, in FIG. 3 , a screen-printed lacquer mask 9 is deposited on the side of the first glass sheet 1 that faces the vehicle passenger compartment, similar to the heating layer 6. Leads 7, like the mask, are deposited directly on the mask 9 at two opposing edges of the glazing. The heating layers 6 are electrically connected to each lead 7 by a transparent conductive film 8 that partially covers the heating layer 6. The conductive film 8 is sold by Eastman under the registered trademark XIR 70HPS. According to the present invention, the leads are concealed from view from the outside of the vehicle within a lightweight laminated structure comprising only two glass sheets. In this structure, the heating layer 6 is protected on the side of the outer glass sheet 1 that faces the vehicle passenger compartment, as close as possible to the glazing's surface that comes into contact with the external atmosphere, thereby providing a deicing function for this surface to minimize heat output. The present disclosure includes the following inventive aspects: <Aspect 1> A laminated glazing comprising a first transparent sheet (1) intended to constitute the outer surface of the glazing in its installed position, a second transparent sheet (3) joined to the first transparent sheet (1) by an adhesive interlayer (2), a heating layer (6) supplied with current by leads (7) positioned around the periphery of the glazing, and a mask (9) also positioned around the periphery of the glazing between the first transparent sheet (1) and the leads (7) to conceal the leads (7) so that they are not visible from the outside in the installed position of the laminated glazing, Laminated glazing, characterized in that the heating layer (6) and the mask (9) are located on the same plane in the laminated structure of the glazing. <Aspect 2> 2. The laminated glazing of claim 1, wherein the heating layer (6) and the mask (9) are located on the side of the first transparent sheet (1) opposite to the side that comes into contact with the external atmosphere. <Aspect 3> 3. Laminated glazing according to aspect 1 or 2, characterized in that the leads (7) are located directly on the mask (9). <Aspect 4> 4. The laminated glazing of any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein each lead (7) is coupled to the heating layer (6) by a transparent conductive film (8), the transparent conductive film partially covering the heating layer (6). <Aspect 5> 5. Laminated glazing according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, characterized in that the first transparent sheet (1) and the second transparent sheet (3) are independently selected from mineral glass sheets, such as soda-lime, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate glass, optionally thermally tempered or chemically strengthened, and organic polymer material sheets, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polyester, e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). <Aspect 6> 6. The laminated glazing of any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the adhesive interlayer (2) is selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). <Aspect 7> Use of the laminated glazing according to any one of aspects 1 to 6 for land vehicles, motor vehicles (front windows, rear windows), rail vehicles, armoured vehicles (including heated sides), water vehicles or for buildings.

Claims

1. A laminated glazing comprising a first transparent sheet (1) intended to constitute the outer surface of the glazing in its mounted position, a second transparent sheet (3) joined to the first transparent sheet (1) by an adhesive interlayer (2), a heating layer (6) supplied with current by leads (7) positioned around the periphery of the glazing, and a mask (9) also positioned around the periphery of the glazing between the first transparent sheet (1) and the leads (7) to conceal the leads (7) so that they are not visible from the outside in the mounted position of the laminated glazing, Laminated glazing, characterized in that the heating layer (6) and the mask (9) are located on the same surface of the laminated structure of the glazing.

2. 2. Laminated glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating layer (6) and the mask (9) are located on the side of the first transparent sheet (1) opposite to the side in contact with the external atmosphere.

3. 3. Laminated glazing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the leads (7) are located directly on the mask (9).

4. 4. Laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each lead (7) is connected to the heating layer (6) by a transparent conductive film (8), which partially covers the heating layer (6).

5. 5. Laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first transparent sheet (1) and the second transparent sheet (3) are independently selected from mineral glass sheets, such as soda lime, aluminosilicate or borosilicate glass, optionally thermally tempered or chemically strengthened, and organic polymer material sheets, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polyester, e.g. poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET).

6. 6. Laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adhesive interlayer (2) is selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

7. Use of a laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for land vehicles, motor vehicles (front windows, rear windows), rail vehicles, armoured vehicles (including heated sides), water vehicles or for buildings.

Images