Removal-free formwork, architectural structure and spatial entity lofting construction method

Abstract

The present application provides a non-removable formwork, a building structure, and a spatial substance lofting construction method. The non-removable formwork includes two parallel and opposing first formworks (1), each of which has a first shaped panel (11) that is in contact with a foundation and a second shaped panel (12) that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel (11), a first pouring cavity (A) for pouring concrete is formed between the two second shaped panels (12), and the two second shaped panels (12) are connected via a pull-connecting member (2) provided inside the first pouring cavity (A), and the surface of the first shaped panel (11) away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel (12) located outside the first pouring cavity (A) have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces. The non-removable formwork can realize highly accurate construction stake surveying and solid lofting during spatial solid lofting construction.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application is based on and claims priority from a Chinese patent application bearing application number 2022109876434 and filed on August 17, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of prefabricated walls, in particular to non-removable formwork, building structures and spatial entity lofting construction methods. [Background technology]

[0003] In construction lofting, the plan position and elevation of the building (structure) in the design drawing are measured at the construction site or actual construction site using methods such as instrument measurement and gauge measurement, and for example, the axis line and 1-meter line are marked out as the basis for construction positioning. The accuracy of the construction lofting itself and the positioning accuracy play an important role in controlling the construction tolerance of the finished surface.

[0004] The markings used for general construction lofting are difficult to maintain over long periods of time during the construction process, and repeated measurements of stake-outs result in human error and cumulative tolerances that affect the construction accuracy of the finished surface. In the case of solid lofting, it is easy to maintain, but there are higher requirements for the precision and positioning accuracy of the construction lofting itself. Conventional formwork installation methods, which use removable or non-removable formwork for steel or wood materials and attach them using jigs, bolts, and countersunk structures, have difficulty meeting the high-precision requirements for solid lofting construction stake-outs. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present application aims to provide a non-removable formwork, an architectural structure, and a spatial solid lofting construction method in order to solve the technical problem that the conventional removable formwork installation method cannot complete highly accurate construction stake surveying and solid lofting. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application uses the following technical means.

[0007] The non-removable formwork according to the first aspect of the present application includes two first formworks provided in parallel and facing each other, Each of the first forms has a first shaped panel that is in close contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel, A first pouring cavity for pouring concrete is formed between the two second shaped panels, The two second profile panels are connected via a connecting member provided inside the first concrete pouring cavity, The surface of the first shaped panel away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel located outside the first pouring cavity have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces.

[0008] Furthermore, the construction control line includes a positioning line fixed to the foundation, The construction control surfaces include a foundation leveling layer finishing surface and / or a heat retention layer finishing surface, and / or a floor heating layer finishing surface, and / or a stone adhesive layer or wooden floor leveling layer finishing surface, and / or a floor heating boundary heat retention zone finishing surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the first formwork is a joint structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the first profile panel and the second profile panel are both made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane profile material.

[0011] Furthermore, the first profile panel and the second profile panel are integrally formed.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of first grooves are formed on the back surface of the first profile panel and the back surface of the second profile panel, A plurality of second grooves are formed on the surface of the first profile panel and the surface of the second profile panel, The back surface of the first shaped panel is the surface that is in close contact with the foundation, and the back surface of the second shaped panel is the surface that faces the first pouring cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, at least some of the first grooves and at least some of the second grooves are arranged alternately and asymmetrically.

[0014] Furthermore, at least a portion of the construction control line and / or the construction control surface is located on the groove wall of the second groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a spirit level is provided within the second groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the pull-connecting member includes a first pull-connecting member and a second pull-connecting member, The first interlocking member is a screw, the second interlocking member is a U-shaped interlocking member, and the U-shaped interlocking member is: an intermediate connection member and two parallel side wings located on both sides of the intermediate connection member; The side wings are provided with screw holes, The two side wings are fixed to the two second profile panels by screws, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the U-shaped interlocking member includes two L-shaped connecting members; The two L-shaped connecting members are removably connected and joined to form the U-shaped interlocking member.

[0018] Furthermore, the U-shaped interlocking member includes a straight-shaped connecting member; The straight-shaped connecting member connects the two L-shaped connecting members.

[0019] The non-removable form further includes at least two second form sections arranged in parallel and spaced apart relation; The second formwork has an extension direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first formwork in three-dimensional space, The two second formworks are joined and connected to the two first formworks via connecting members, respectively; The first form and the second form form joint corners of different shapes in space, A second pouring cavity for pouring concrete is formed between the two second formworks arranged in parallel.

[0020] Furthermore, the first formwork and the second formwork have the same cross-sectional shape.

[0021] A building structure according to a second aspect of the present application includes the non-removable formwork as described above.

[0022] Furthermore, the building structure is a guide wall, a structural column, or a lintel.

[0023] The spatial substance lofting construction method according to the third aspect of the present application is as follows: In assembling the straight section support formwork, two first formworks spaced apart in parallel are pulled together on the front or back to form a straight section support formwork for solid lofting, and the two straight section support formworks in different directions in space intersect to form different types of joint corners; In assembling the joint corner support formwork, a prefabricated first formwork is used and assembled at the joint corner to form different types of joint corner support formwork.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of pulling the two first formworks provided in parallel and spaced apart from each other on the front or back surface to form a linear section support formwork for solid lofting includes: The method includes a step of engaging a connecting member with a groove of the first formwork, and then connecting the two first formworks together. [Effects of the Invention]

[0025] The non-removable formwork of the present application includes two first formworks arranged parallel to and spaced apart, each of which has a first shaped panel that is in contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel, the two second shaped panels being connected via a pull-out connecting member, and a first pouring cavity for pouring concrete being formed between the two second shaped panels, and the surface of the first shaped panel away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel that is located outside the first pouring cavity have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces. The surface of the non-removable formwork away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation of the first shaped panel and the surface that is located outside the first pouring cavity of the second shaped panel have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces, and the non-removable formwork is not affected by construction errors of previous on-site processes during physical lofting, and can reconstruct a three-dimensional construction positioning reference in space.Through on-site physical construction lofting, the accuracy level of the stake-setting surveying of the finished surface can be achieved in one step, and the human errors caused by repeated stake-setting surveying such as investigation measurement and projection measurement and the cumulative tolerance caused by conducting stake-setting surveying in stages according to the site entry order can be reduced, thereby realizing highly accurate construction stake-setting surveying and physical lofting. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] In order to more clearly explain the technical means in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings necessary for explaining the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0027] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a first formwork of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped connecting member of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. [Figure 4]1 is a schematic diagram of a straight-shaped connecting member of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic diagram of a joint corner portion of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation scene of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a removal-free formwork spatial entity lofting construction method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a corner portion of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic diagram of a joint corner portion of an external corner and an internal corner of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic diagram of an inside corner joint of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] In order to clarify the purpose, technical means and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the technical means in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments that a person skilled in the art can obtain without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "comprises," "includes," and any variations thereof as used herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, e.g., a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units expressly shown, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly shown or that are inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "connection," "coupled," "fixed," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to, for example, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, an internal communication between two components, or an interaction between two components. Unless otherwise clearly limited, a person skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] It should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," and "outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are intended merely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present application, and do not indicate or suggest that the devices or components shown must have a specific orientation and be configured and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0032] The terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to denote or suggest relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features depicted. Thus, a feature qualified with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature. In this description, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more. The term "and / or" used herein is a relational relationship describing related objects and indicates that a three-way relationship may exist. For example, A and / or B can refer to three cases: A exists only, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists only.

[0033] Hereinafter, the non-removable formwork, building structure, and spatial substance lofting construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

[0034] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first formwork of the non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the non-removable formwork according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes two parallel and opposing first formworks 1, each of which has a first extrusion panel 11 that is in contact with the foundation and a second extrusion panel 12 that is perpendicular to the first extrusion panel 11. The two second extrusion panels 12 are connected via a connecting member 2, and a first pouring cavity A for pouring concrete is formed between the two second extrusion panels 12. The connecting member 2 is provided inside the first pouring cavity A, and the surface of the first extrusion panel 11 that is away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and the surface of the second extrusion panel 12 that is located outside the first pouring cavity A have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces.

[0035] Each first formwork 1 in this embodiment has a first shaped panel 11 that is in close contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel 12 that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel 11. When installing the non-removable formwork of this embodiment, the first shaped panel 11 is fixed to the foundation with a fixing member, and a first pouring cavity A for pouring concrete is formed between the two second shaped panels 12. This embodiment does not particularly limit the pitch between the two first formworks 1; the distance between the two second shaped panels 12 in this embodiment is the thickness of the concrete structure to be poured, and can be preset by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0036] In this embodiment, the two second profile panels 12 are connected via a connecting member 2 installed inside the first concrete pouring cavity A. This embodiment does not particularly limit the specific form of the connecting member 2, and the non-removable formwork of this embodiment eliminates the need for subsequent formwork removal and cleaning / transportation processes after installation, reducing construction waste. Prefabricated members are used as the first formwork 1 in this embodiment, eliminating the process of assembling and processing formwork on-site during assembly construction. This reduces interference between cross-construction on-site, significantly shortens the construction period for solid lofting, reduces unnecessary repeated lofting, and improves on-site construction work efficiency.

[0037] In this embodiment, the specific material of the first formwork 1 is not particularly limited, and for example, the first formwork 1 can be made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient is close to that of concrete and whose difference in the amount of deformation of the material is small, thereby improving the structural strength and dimensional accuracy of the entire component after casting. For example, the first formwork 1 in this embodiment can be made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane material.

[0038] In this embodiment, the surface of the first shaped panel 11 away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel 12 located outside the first pouring cavity A have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces. Illustratively, the construction control surface of this embodiment may be the finishing surface of the foundation leveling layer, the finishing surface of the floor heating layer, or the finishing surface of the leveling layer. The construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces of this embodiment are located on non-removable formwork, and dimensional standards and construction rules are unified in the solid lofting.

[0039] The non-removable formwork of an embodiment of the present application includes two first formworks arranged parallel to and spaced apart, each of which has a first shaped panel that is in contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel, the two second shaped panels being connected via a pull-out connecting member, a first pouring cavity for pouring concrete being formed between the two second shaped panels, and the surface of the first shaped panel away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel located outside the first pouring cavity have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces. The surface of the non-removable formwork away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation of the first shaped panel and the surface that is located outside the first pouring cavity of the second shaped panel have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces, and the non-removable formwork is not affected by construction errors of previous processes on site during physical lofting, and can reconstruct three-dimensional construction positioning references in space.Through physical construction lofting on site, the accuracy grade of the stake-setting surveying of the finished surface can be achieved in one step, and the human errors caused by repeated stake-setting surveying such as survey measurement and projection measurement, and the accumulated tolerance caused by stepwise stake-setting surveying according to the site entry sequence, can be reduced.

[0040] 1 and 2, the construction control line includes a positioning line H1 fixed to the foundation, and the construction control surfaces include the foundation leveling layer finishing surface M1 and / or the heat retention layer finishing surface M2, and / or the floor heating layer finishing surface M3, and / or the stone adhesive layer or wood floor leveling layer finishing surface M4, and / or the floor heating boundary heat retention zone finishing surface M5. The construction control line of this embodiment includes the positioning line H1 fixed to the foundation, and for example, when the first profile panel 11 of this embodiment is connected to the foundation via bolts 3, the positioning line H1 fixed to the foundation may be a bolt drilling line. This non-removable formwork can estimate the precision and positioning accuracy of the lofting entity itself using a technical indicator of a finishing surface construction tolerance of Δ=±1mm. By performing on-site actual construction lofting, the accuracy level of the stake-out surveying for the foundation leveling layer finishing surface M1, insulation layer finishing surface M2, underfloor heating layer finishing surface M3, stone adhesive layer or wooden floor leveling layer finishing surface M4, and underfloor heating boundary insulation zone finishing surface M5 can be achieved in one step, reducing human errors caused by repeated stake-out surveying such as survey measurements and projection measurements, as well as cumulative tolerances caused by stepping out surveying in stages according to the on-site entry sequence. The foundation leveling layer finishing surface M1, insulation layer finishing surface M2, underfloor heating layer finishing surface M3, stone adhesive layer or wooden floor leveling layer finishing surface M4, and underfloor heating boundary insulation zone finishing surface M5 are both control lines for the construction quality of each process in concealment work and inspection confirmation scales for checking the construction of each process. In this embodiment, a cutting positioning line H2 is provided in the height direction on the first formwork.

[0041] Standardizing dimensions is a fundamental principle for realizing collaboration between each process. This non-removable formwork has construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces on the surface of the first shaped panel 11 that faces away from the surface that is in contact with the foundation and on the surface of the second shaped panel 12 that faces outside the first pouring cavity A. For the non-removable formwork, the construction control lines for each process converge in two control dimensions, plan and elevation, during solid lofting. With the aid of millimeter-order stake-out surveying accuracy, the construction control lines unify the on-site construction and installation dimensions during the solid lofting of the non-removable formwork. In the time dimension of the construction period, the unified construction and installation dimensions act as an intangible rule-bearer, clarifying the on-site construction work surfaces for subsequent work and multi-disciplinary collaboration.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the first formwork 1 has a joint structure. The first formwork 1 of this embodiment has a joint structure, and a person skilled in the art can join first formworks 1 of different lengths according to the needs of the site, which provides high flexibility.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the first profile panel 11 and the second profile panel 12 are both made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane. In this embodiment, the first profile panel 11 and the second profile panel 12 are both made of the high-performance composite material glass fiber reinforced polyurethane, which has a low expansion coefficient, low shrinkage rate, high strength, low weight, and low thermal conductivity. As a non-removable formwork for building solid lofting components, the first formwork 1 has a linear expansion coefficient close to that of concrete, which makes the difference in deformation between the two materials small, resulting in high structural strength and dimensional accuracy for the entire component after casting.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first profile panel 11 and the second profile panel 12 are integrally formed, which simplifies the manufacturing process. The non-removable formwork in this embodiment is made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane and produced by a tensioning process. The profile of the non-removable formwork has stable structural dimensions and high bending strength.

[0045] Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of first grooves 13 are formed on the back surface of the first shaped panel 11 and the back surface of the second shaped panel 12, and a plurality of second grooves 14 are formed on the front surface of the first shaped panel 11 and the front surface of the second shaped panel 12. The back surface of the first shaped panel 11 is the surface that is in close contact with the foundation, and the back surface of the second shaped panel 12 is the surface that faces the first pouring cavity A. The opening shapes of the first grooves 13 and second grooves 14 of the non-removable formwork of this embodiment are set according to the construction standards and construction method, and both the first grooves 13 and second grooves 14 of this embodiment are general-purpose grooves. The first formwork 1 of this embodiment has seven general-purpose construction grooves distributed on the front and back surfaces of the first formwork 1, and the first grooves 13 on the front surface and the second grooves 14 on the back surface are arranged asymmetrically and alternately. The first grooves 13 and second grooves 14 of this embodiment are arranged so as to be asymmetrically and alternately, thereby improving the strength of the first formwork 1.

[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, at least some of the construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces are located on the groove walls of the second groove 14. In this embodiment, the foundation leveling layer finishing surface M1, the heat retention layer finishing surface M2, the floor heating layer finishing surface M3, the stone adhesive layer or wooden floor leveling layer finishing surface M4, and the floor heating boundary heat retention zone finishing surface M5 on the first formwork are all provided on the groove walls of the second groove 14. In Fig. 2, on both the front and back surfaces of the first formwork 1, construction control lines and construction control surfaces for product control and inspection, as well as multi-functional and expandable general-purpose construction grooves, are collected.

[0047] In some embodiments, a spirit level is provided in the second groove 14. By providing the spirit level in the second groove 14, the installation levelness can be verified by the spirit level when installing the non-removable formwork, and the present embodiments do not particularly limit the specific structural form of the spirit level.

[0048] The non-removable formwork of this embodiment uses its own precision to standardize the spatial positioning and dimensional standards of the entire construction site, and can specify the connection method of the expansion function assembly parts using the general-purpose construction connection port, thereby lofting the entity and building a multi-functional, expandable general-purpose construction connection port platform with unified rules.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the connecting member 2 includes a first connecting member 21 and a second connecting member 22. The first connecting member 21 is a screw, the ends of which are fixed to the two second profile panels 12 and are located inside the first concrete pouring cavity A. The second connecting member 22 is a U-shaped connecting member, the U-shaped connecting member including a middle connection section and two parallel side wings located on either side of the middle connection section, each with a screw hole. The side wings are each fixed to the two second profile panels 12 with a screw. In this embodiment, the first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22 are both installed inside the two first formwork 1 and do not need to be removed after construction is completed. This makes the first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22 easy to install and keeps the construction site neat and tidy.

[0050] Furthermore, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped connecting member of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the U-shaped connecting member includes two L-shaped connecting members 221, which are removably connected and joined to form the U-shaped connecting member. Since the U-shaped connecting member of this embodiment is formed by removably connecting and joining two L-shaped connecting members 221, the two L-shaped connecting members 221 can be joined to intermediate joints of different lengths, making it applicable to the production of concrete structures of different thicknesses.

[0051] Furthermore, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a straight-shaped connecting member of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the U-shaped connecting member includes a straight-shaped connecting member 222, which connects the two L-shaped connecting members 221. In this embodiment, the straight-shaped connecting member 222 is used to connect the two L-shaped connecting members 221, thereby increasing the adjustable range of the length of the intermediate connecting portion of the U-shaped connecting member.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a joint corner of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an installation scene in which a hidden door frame is added to the non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the non-removable formwork includes at least two second formworks 4 arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, the extension direction of the second formworks 4 being perpendicular to the extension direction of the first formwork 1 in three-dimensional space, and the two second formworks 4 are respectively joined to the two first formworks 1 via connecting members 5, the first formworks 1 and the second formworks 4 forming joint corners of different shapes in space, a second pouring cavity B for pouring concrete formed between the two parallel second formworks 4, and the two second formworks 4 are connected by a connecting member.

[0053] Figure 5 shows a type of joint corner formed when a guide wall and a structural column intersect. This type of joint corner consists of five pre-processed standard formwork pieces (a first formwork 1 located on both the left and right sides and the front, and a second formwork 4 located on both the left and right sides; in this embodiment, the structure of the second formwork 4 is the same as that of the first formwork 1), which are assembled as follows using a first connecting member 51 and a second connecting member 52 with screw holes. Two first formworks 1 are pulled together at their backsides, two second formworks 4 are pulled together at their front sides, the first formwork 1 located on the right side and the second formwork 4 located on the right side are assembled on their front and back sides using a first connecting member 51, the first formwork 1 located on the left side and the second formwork 4 located on the left side are assembled on their front and back sides using a first connecting member 51, the first formwork 1 located on the front side and the two first formworks 1 located on the left and right sides are assembled on the same surface using a second connecting member 52, and after the first connecting member 51 and the second connecting member 52 are attached to the general-purpose connection ports for construction, they are pressed into position with set screws, and the joint corner support formwork members for which the stake surveying and lofting have been completed are fixed to the construction site with bolts 3.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 4 have the same cross-sectional shape. In these embodiments, the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 4 may be the same formwork unit, which simplifies the manufacturing method. When the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 4 are to be assembled at different joint corners, the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 4 are cut differently. Of course, in other embodiments, the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 4 may be different formwork units.

[0055] The non-removable formwork of this embodiment eliminates the need for subsequent formwork removal and cleaning / transportation during installation, reducing construction waste. The non-removable formwork allows for highly accurate on-site construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces in two dimensions (plan and elevation) during the 3D solid lofting process. The non-removable formwork can control construction tolerances to within ±1 mm throughout the entire process, from selecting standard unit formwork materials and setting opening shapes to prefabricating support formwork components in the factory and assembling them on-site. Consistent dimensional standards and construction work surfaces are thoroughly achieved, transmitted from concealed construction to finished surfaces. The non-removable formwork precisely sets a site inspection and confirmation scale for each process during 3D solid lofting on the construction site, ensuring that subsequent construction is not affected by previous construction. It also allows different trades, specialties, and subcontractors to work together, reducing handover costs and efficiently promoting construction progress planning.

[0056] A building structure according to a second aspect of the present application includes the non-removable formwork described in the above embodiment.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the front building structure may be a guide wall, a structural column or a lintel, and this embodiment does not particularly limit the specific form of the building structure.

[0058] The building structure of this embodiment includes the above-mentioned non-removable formwork, which eliminates the need for formwork removal and cleaning / transportation during the installation process, thereby reducing construction waste. The non-removable formwork enables high-precision surveying of on-site construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces in two dimensions (plan and elevation) during the 3D solid lofting process. The non-removable formwork can control construction lofting accuracy to within ±1 mm throughout the entire process, from selecting standard unit formwork materials and setting opening shapes to prefabricating support formwork components in the factory and assembling them on-site. Consistent dimensional standards and construction work surfaces are thoroughly achieved, from concealed construction to finished surfaces. The non-removable formwork precisely sets a site inspection and confirmation scale for each process during 3D solid lofting on the construction site, ensuring that subsequent construction is not affected by previous construction. It also allows different trades, specialties, and subcontractors to work together, reducing handover costs and efficiently promoting construction progress planning.

[0059] 7 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a spatial substance lofting construction method using a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the spatial substance lofting construction method according to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application uses the non-removable formwork described in the above embodiment and includes the following steps S101 to S102.

[0060] In S101, in assembling the straight section support formwork, two first formworks arranged in parallel and spaced apart are pulled together on the front or back surface to complete the straight section support formwork for solid lofting, and the two straight section support formworks in different directions in space intersect to form different types of joint corners.

[0061] Depending on the actual conditions of the construction lofting, the first formwork of this embodiment is attached by front or back interlocking to complete the straight section of the actual lofting. For example, Figure 1 shows a formwork attachment method in which two standard first formworks 1 are attached by back interlocking. The first formwork 1 is engaged with its own general-purpose construction connection port via the first interlocking member 21 and the second interlocking member 22, and then interlocked and connected. After the stake survey and lofting are completed, the straight section support formwork members are fixed to the construction site with bolts 3.

[0062] In S102, in assembling the joint corner support formwork, a prefabricated first formwork is used and assembled at the joint corner to form a different type of joint corner support formwork.

[0063] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an external corner joint of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another external corner joint of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an internal corner joint of a non-removable formwork according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 8 to 10, linear section support formworks of different orientations in space intersect to form different types of joint corners, and each type of joint corner is constructed from a standard first formwork 1 that is pre-fabricated. Different types of joint corner support formwork members and linear section support formwork members of different lengths are assembled using straight-line connecting members with threaded holes. The straight-line connecting members are inserted into general-purpose construction connection ports and then pressed into position with set screws. The assembled support formwork members are the smallest unit for precision control of on-site solid lofting. In this embodiment, an internal corner refers to a recessed wall corner, and an external corner refers to a protruding wall corner. During the on-site entity lofting process, the joint corner support formwork members and the straight section support formwork members use their absolute dimensional accuracy to determine the highly accurate relative positional relationship between the entity lofting components, and the construction control points realize high-precision construction positioning for controlling the plane and elevation of the entire site.

[0064] In the assembly and construction of the prefabricated support formwork members in this embodiment, the process of assembling and processing the formwork on-site is eliminated, reducing the mutual interference of cross-construction on-site, significantly shortening the construction period for solid lofting, reducing unnecessary repeated lofting, and improving the work efficiency of on-site construction.

[0065] The non-removable formwork in the spatial substance lofting construction method of the present application includes two first formworks arranged parallel to and spaced apart, each of which has a first shaped panel that is in close contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel, the two second shaped panels being connected via a pull-out connecting member, and a first pouring cavity for pouring concrete being formed between the two second shaped panels, and the surface of the first shaped panel away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel that is located outside the first pouring cavity have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces. The surface of the non-removable formwork away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation of the first shaped panel and the surface that is located outside the first pouring cavity of the second shaped panel have construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces, and the non-removable formwork is not affected by construction errors of previous processes on site during physical lofting, and can reconstruct three-dimensional construction positioning references in space.Through physical construction lofting on site, the accuracy grade of the stake-setting surveying of the finished surface can be achieved in one step, and the human errors caused by repeated stake-setting surveying such as survey measurement and projection measurement, and the accumulated tolerance caused by stepwise stake-setting surveying according to the site entry sequence, can be reduced.

[0066] The 3D solid lofting of the non-removable formwork in this embodiment allows for precise on-site inspection and confirmation scales to be jointly adhered to between each process for each construction site, so that subsequent construction work will not be affected by previous construction work, and different trades, specialties, and subcontractors can work synchronously, reducing handover costs and efficiently promoting progress planning during the construction period.

[0067] In the above description, references to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary," "specific example," etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be appropriately combined in any one or more embodiments or examples. Unless mutually inconsistent, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples, and features of different embodiments or examples, described herein.

[0068] The above embodiments are merely for explaining the technical means of the present application and are not intended to be limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical means described in the above embodiments may still be modified or some or all of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents, and such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical means to deviate from the scope of the technical means of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. Two first formworks are provided in parallel and opposite to each other, Each of the first forms has a first shaped panel that is in close contact with the foundation and a second shaped panel that is perpendicular to the first shaped panel, A first pouring cavity for pouring concrete is formed between the two second profile panels, The two second profile panels are connected via a connecting member provided inside the first concrete pouring cavity, The surface of the first shaped panel away from the surface that is in close contact with the foundation and the surface of the second shaped panel located outside the first pouring cavity have a construction control line and / or a construction control surface, A plurality of first grooves are formed on the back surface of the first profile panel and the back surface of the second profile panel, A plurality of second grooves are formed on the surface of the first profile panel and the surface of the second profile panel, The back surface of the first profile panel is a surface that is in close contact with the foundation, The back surface of the second profile panel is a surface facing the first pouring cavity, At least a portion of the construction control lines and / or construction control surfaces are located on the groove walls of the second grooves. This formwork does not require removal.

2. The construction control line includes a positioning line fixed to the foundation; The construction control surface includes a foundation leveling layer finishing surface and / or a heat retention layer finishing surface, and / or a floor heating layer finishing surface, and / or a stone adhesive layer or a wooden floor leveling layer finishing surface, and / or a floor heating boundary heat retention zone finishing surface, 2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

3. The first formwork is a joint structure.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

4. The first profile panel and the second profile panel are both made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane profiles.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

5. The first profile panel and the second profile panel are integrally formed.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

6. At least a portion of the first grooves and at least a portion of the second grooves are arranged alternately and asymmetrically.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

7. A spirit level is provided within the second groove.

7. The non-removable formwork according to claim 6.

8. The pull-connecting member includes a first pull-connecting member and a second pull-connecting member, the first interfering member is a screw, The second interlocking member is a U-shaped interlocking member, The U-shaped interlocking member includes an intermediate connector and two parallel side wings located on both sides of the intermediate connector; The side wings are provided with screw holes, The two side wings are fixed to the two second profile panels by screws, respectively.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

9. The U-shaped interlocking member includes two L-shaped connecting members; The two L-shaped connecting members are removably connected and joined to form the U-shaped interlocking member.

9. The non-removable formwork according to claim 8.

10. The U-shaped interlocking member includes a straight connecting member; The straight-shaped connecting member connects two of the L-shaped connecting members.

10. The non-removable formwork according to claim 9.

11. at least two second forms arranged in parallel and spaced apart relation; The second formwork has an extension direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first formwork in three-dimensional space, The two second formworks are joined and connected to the two first formworks via connecting members, respectively; The first form and the second form form joint corners of different shapes in space, A second pouring cavity for pouring concrete is formed between the two parallel second formworks.

2. The non-removable formwork according to claim 1.

12. The first formwork and the second formwork have the same cross-sectional shape. The non-removable formwork according to claim 11.

13. A non-removable formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 12, An architectural structure characterized by:

14. The building structure is a guide wall, a structural column or a lintel; 14. The architectural structure according to claim 13.

15. A spatial substance lofting construction method using the non-removable formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 12, In assembling the straight section support formwork, two first formworks spaced apart in parallel are pulled together on the front or back to form a straight section support formwork for solid lofting, and the two straight section support formworks in different directions in space intersect to form different types of joint corners; In assembling the joint corner support formwork, a prefabricated first formwork is used and assembled at the joint corner to form different types of joint corner support formwork. A spatial entity lofting construction method characterized by:

16. The step of forming a linear section support form for solid lofting by pulling two of the first formworks provided in parallel and spaced apart from each other on the front or back surface thereof is The method includes a step of engaging a connecting member with a groove of the first formwork, and then connecting the two first formworks together.

16. The spatial entity lofting construction method according to claim 15.

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