cooler

Abstract

To provide a cooler that preferably performs effective cooling.SOLUTION: A cooler comprises a first plate part 20 as a cooling member 2, a second plate part 30 as a base member 3, a plurality of supporting parts 4, and a plurality of projection parts. The first plate part is a plate-like portion constructed so as to come into contact with a cooling object. The second plate part is arranged so as to oppositely face the first plate part, and forms a coolant channel in a space between itself and the first plate part. The support part 4 is provided between the first plate part and the second plate part. Each projection part is provided at the second plate part so as to project into the channel. Top parts of the plurality of projection parts are separated from the first plate part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cooler. [Background technology]

[0002] As described in Patent Document 1, a cooler is known that cools electronic components with a refrigerant that flows down a flow path formed between two plate-like members. Also known is a technique in which a battery is placed above one of the plate-like members of such a cooler and the battery is cooled from below, and a technique in which such a cooler is made of aluminum or the like. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-221315 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, if the cooler is made of a material with a lower thermal conductivity than aluminum, such as stainless steel, the cooling efficiency may decrease. In one aspect of the present disclosure, it is desirable to provide efficient cooling. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure is a cooler comprising a first plate portion, a second plate portion, a plurality of support portions, and a plurality of protrusion portions. The first plate portion is a plate-shaped portion configured to abut against an object to be cooled. The second plate portion is a plate-shaped portion disposed to face the first plate portion and forming a flow path for a refrigerant between the first plate portion and the second plate portion. The support portions are provided between the first plate portion and the second plate portion. The protrusion portions are provided on the second plate portion so as to protrude into the flow path. The tops of the plurality of protrusions are spaced apart from the first plate portion.

[0006] According to the above configuration, even when the first plate portion is pressed by the cooling object, the first plate portion is supported by the multiple support portions, and deformation of the first plate portion can be suppressed. This allows the first plate portion to be made thinner and the thermal conductivity of the first plate portion to be improved. Furthermore, the refrigerant flowing down the flow path collides with the multiple protrusions, directing the refrigerant flow toward the first plate portion, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the flow path. Therefore, cooling can be performed effectively.

[0007] One embodiment of the present disclosure may further include two sidewalls located at both ends in the width direction of the flow channel. At least some of the multiple protrusions may be provided so that the ends of the protrusions on the most upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction are located in an intermediate region. The intermediate region may be either or both of a region in the flow channel located between two support members that are adjacent to each other in a direction intersecting the refrigerant flow direction, and a region in the flow channel located between a support member adjacent to a sidewall and a portion of the sidewall that faces the support member in the width direction.

[0008] According to the above configuration, the protrusions can be placed in locations where the flow of the coolant is faster due to the provision of multiple support parts. This further encourages the flow of the coolant toward the first plate part, thereby improving the thermal conductivity in the flow path. This allows for effective cooling.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate portion may be disposed above the second plate portion. According to the above configuration, since the cooling target is placed above the first plate portion, a load corresponding to the weight of the cooling target is applied to the first plate portion. Therefore, by supporting the first plate portion with multiple support parts, deformation of the first plate portion can be effectively suppressed.

[0010] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the portion of the first plate portion that comes into contact with the object to be cooled may have a shape that matches the object to be cooled. According to the above configuration, it is possible to promote surface contact between the first plate portion and the object to be cooled, and as a result, it is possible to perform cooling effectively.

[0011] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of support portions may be joined to a surface of the first plate portion that abuts against the flow path, or may be provided on the second plate portion. According to the above configuration, multiple support parts can be provided without deforming the first plate part. Therefore, by providing multiple support parts, it is possible to prevent interference with surface contact between the first plate part and the object to be cooled. This allows for effective cooling. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a top view of the cooling channel showing the location of the supports and protrusions. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 . [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a VV cross-sectional view of a cooling flow passage provided with a plurality of protrusions according to a modified example. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of a cooling flow passage provided with a plurality of support portions according to a modified example. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of a cooling flow passage provided with a plurality of support portions according to a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the following embodiments, and various forms may be adopted as long as they fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0014] [1. Overview] The cooler 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured so that a fluid refrigerant flows down inside, cooling an object to be cooled 6 (for example, a battery module) that contacts the cooler 1. The refrigerant may be a liquid such as cooling water. The cooler 1 is a substantially rectangular plate-like device and includes an inlet section 10, an outlet section 11, a cooling member 2, and a base member 3 (see FIG. 2). Hereinafter, the edges that form two opposing sides of the cooler 1 will be referred to as first and second edges 15 and 16, respectively. The first and second edges 15 and 16 extend along the width direction.

[0015] The inlet portion 10 and the outlet portion 11 are each a cylindrical portion provided so as to protrude from the cooling member 2. The refrigerant flows into the interior of the cooler 1 through the inlet portion 10, and after passing through the interior of the cooler 1, the refrigerant flows out to the outside through the outlet portion 11. The inlet portion 10 and the outlet portion 11 are provided at a central position in the width direction near the first edge portion 15. The inlet portion 10 and the outlet portion 11 are also aligned in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, and the inlet portion 10 is located between the outlet portion 11 and the first edge portion 15.

[0016] The cooling member 2 and base member 3 are substantially rectangular, flat-plate-shaped members that are arranged to overlap each other, with the cooling member 2 abutting the object to be cooled 6 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). As an example, the cooler 1 is arranged horizontally, with the cooling member 2 located on the upper side and the base member 3 located on the lower side, and the object to be cooled 6 placed on the cooling member 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the positions of the cooling member 2 and base member 3 can be determined as appropriate.

[0017] The cooling member 2 is flat, and the base member 3 has irregularities formed thereon, which form an inlet flow path 12, two cooling flow paths 13, and an outlet flow path 14 between the cooling member 2 and the base member 3.

[0018] [2. About the flow path] The inlet flow passage 12 is located near the first edge 15 and extends along the first edge 15. The inlet section 10 is connected to the center of the inlet flow passage 12 in the width direction (see FIG. 2). Furthermore, both ends of the inlet flow passage 12 are connected to the ends of the cooling flow passage 13 on the first edge 15 side.

[0019] The cooling flow paths 13 are flat, generally rectangular flow paths that extend from near the first edge 15 to near the second edge 16. The two cooling flow paths 13 are aligned in the width direction. The refrigerant flows down each cooling flow path 13 from the first edge 15 to the second edge 16, in other words, in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, thereby cooling the object 6 to be cooled.

[0020] The outlet flow passage 14 has two first sections and a second section. The second section is located in the center of the cooler 1 in the width direction, in other words, between the two cooling passages 13, and extends from near the second edge 16 to near the inlet flow passage 12. The outlet section 11 is connected to the end of the second section on the inlet flow passage 12 side. On the other hand, each first section is located near the second edge 16, extends in the width direction from the end of each cooling passage 13 on the second edge 16 side, and connects to the end of the second section on the second edge 16 side.

[0021] The refrigerant that flows into the cooler 1 through the inlet portion 10 passes through the inlet flow path 12 and flows into each cooling flow path 13. The refrigerant that has passed through each cooling flow path 13 passes through the outlet flow path 14 and flows out from the outlet portion 11 to the outside.

[0022] [3. Cooling Channel] Each cooling flow path 13 is formed between a first plate portion 20 of the cooling member 2 and a second plate portion 30 of the base member 3 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The first and second plate portions 20, 30 are plate-shaped portions and are arranged facing each other. The first plate portion 20 is located on the upper side, and the second plate portion 30 is located on the lower side. Furthermore, the portion of the first plate portion 20 that contacts the target 6 to be cooled has a shape that is compatible with the target 6 to be cooled (in other words, a shape that corresponds to the target 6 to be cooled) so as to promote surface contact with the target 6 to be cooled placed on the cooling member 2. In other words, the portions of the first plate portion 20 and the target 6 that contact each other have the same or approximately the same shape, which promotes surface contact between these portions.

[0023] As an example, the first plate portion 20 extends in a planar shape as a whole, and the second plate portion 30 also extends in a planar shape as a whole. The portion of the cooling target 6 that contacts the first plate portion 20 also extends in a planar shape. However, this is not limiting, and the first and second plate portions 20, 30 may be formed with unevenness or curves, etc. The portion of the cooling target 6 that contacts the first plate portion 20 may also be formed with unevenness or curves, etc., so as to be in surface contact with the first plate portion 20.

[0024] Here, the upstream side and downstream side in the refrigerant flow direction in cooling flow channel 13 will be simply referred to as the upstream side and downstream side. The upstream end of cooling flow channel 13 is formed by an inlet wall 31 provided on base member 3 along first edge 15, and the downstream end is formed by an outlet wall 34 provided on base member 3 along second edge 16. An outlet from inlet flow channel 12 is formed in inlet wall 31, and an inlet to outlet flow channel 14 is formed in outlet wall 34.

[0025] Both ends of the cooling flow path 13 in the width direction are formed by first and second side wall portions 32, 33. The first side wall portion 32 is provided at an end of the base member 3 in the width direction, and extends from near the first edge portion 15 to near the second edge portion 16. The second side wall portion 33 is provided in the center of the base member 3 in the width direction, and extends from near the first edge portion 15 to near the second edge portion 16.

[0026] [4. Supporting parts and protruding parts] The second plate portion 30 is provided with a plurality of support portions 4 and a plurality of protrusions 5 that protrude from the second plate portion 30 toward the cooling flow path 13 (see FIGS. 3 to 5).

[0027] Each support portion 4 has substantially the same shape and size, and each protrusion portion 5 also has substantially the same shape and size. Furthermore, the protrusion portion 5 is smaller than the support portion 4. However, this is not limiting, and the support portion 4 and the protrusion portion 5 may have approximately the same size, or the protrusion portion 5 may be larger than the support portion 4. Furthermore, each support portion 4 may have a different shape and / or size, and each protrusion portion 5 may also have a different shape and / or size.

[0028] In addition, the multiple support portions 4 and the multiple protrusion portions 5 may be formed, for example, by deforming the second plate portion 30 by press molding, hydraulic molding, etc., or may be provided by joining (for example, welding) other members to the second plate portion 30.

[0029] The multiple support parts 4 are provided to support the first plate part 20, and the top of each support part 4 abuts against the first plate part 20. However, this is not limiting, and a small gap may be provided between the top of each support part 4 and the first plate part 20. Even in such a case, the first plate part 20 that has been pressed and deformed can be supported by the support parts 4.

[0030] Each support portion 4 is hemispherical and provided in a circular region of the second plate portion 30. As an example, the multiple support portions 4 are arranged over the entire cooling flow path 13, and are arranged in a matrix at predetermined intervals along the width direction and the refrigerant flow direction.

[0031] On the other hand, the multiple protrusions 5 are portions for directing the flow of refrigerant toward the first plate portion 20, and the top of each protrusion 5 is spaced apart from the first plate portion 20 (see FIG. 5). Each protrusion 5 is provided in a circular region on the second plate portion 30, and is hemispherical.

[0032] The most upstream end of each protrusion 5 is located in a region (hereinafter, intermediate regions 13A and 13B) where the flow rate of the refrigerant is improved by the influence of the multiple support portions 4 (see FIG. 3). In this embodiment, as an example, the region located between two support portions 4 that are adjacent to each other in the width direction in the cooling flow path 13 is the intermediate region 13A. As another example, the region located between the support portion 4 adjacent to the first or second side wall portion 32, 33 (hereinafter, side wall portion) in the cooling flow path 13 and the portion of the side wall portion that faces the support portion 4 in the width direction is the intermediate region 13B.

[0033] Moreover, as one example, a portion of each protrusion 5 including its most upstream end is located in the intermediate regions 13A and 13B, and a portion including its downstream end is located outside the intermediate regions 13A and 13B. However, the entire protrusion 5 may be located in the intermediate regions 13A and 13B.

[0034] In this embodiment, the plurality of protrusions 5 arranged in the intermediate regions 13A and 13B are arranged, for example, over the entire cooling flow path 13 and are arranged in a matrix at predetermined intervals along the width direction and the refrigerant flow direction. In other words, a plurality of rows of the plurality of protrusions 5 arranged in the width direction are provided along the refrigerant flow direction.

[0035] A laminar flow of the coolant is formed near the first plate portion 20 in the cooling flow path 13. The laminar flow is slower and has lower thermal conductivity than other parts, forming a thermal boundary layer that prevents heat from being transferred from the cooling flow path 13 to the object to be cooled.

[0036] In contrast, when the refrigerant that has flowed into intermediate regions 13A and 13B collides with protrusions 5, its flow direction changes toward first plate portion 20. Because protrusions 5 are hemispherical, a turbulent flow of the refrigerant circulating above protrusions 5 is formed, which destroys the laminar flow near first plate portion 20. As a result, the thermal boundary layer is destroyed, and heat transfer from cooling flow channel 13 to the object to be cooled is promoted.

[0037] [5. Modifications] The shapes of the support portions 4 and the protrusions 5 are not limited to hemispherical and can be determined as appropriate. Specifically, for example, the inclination of the upstream surface of the protrusions 5 relative to the refrigerant flow direction may be gentler than the inclination of the downstream surface (see FIG. 6). Note that the inclination of the upstream surface of the support portions 4 may also be gentler than the inclination of the downstream surface.

[0038] Furthermore, for example, the multiple support parts 4 may be cylindrical (see FIG. 7). In this case, each support part 4 may be provided on the first or second plate part 20, 30. Note that even when the support parts 4 are provided on the first plate part 20, the bottom surface forming the top of the support part 4 may be in contact with the second plate part 30, or may be separated from the second plate part 30 with a small gap. Furthermore, when the support parts 4 are provided on the first plate part 20, it is preferable to form the support parts 4 by joining another member to the surface of the first plate part 20 on the cooling flow channel 13 side.

[0039] In addition, the bottom surfaces at both ends of each cylindrical support portion 4 may be integrated with the first or second plate portion 20, 30, and in such a case, holes may be formed that penetrate the support portion 4 and the first and second plate portions 20, 30.

[0040] The plurality of protrusions 5 may also be formed in a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, each of the multiple support portions 4 may be composed of a first support portion 40 provided on the first plate portion 20 and a second support portion 41 provided on the second plate portion 30 (see FIG. 8 ). As an example, the first and second support portions 40, 41 are formed in a cylindrical shape, but the shapes of the first and second support portions 40, 41 may be determined appropriately. In this case, the top of the first support portion 40 and the top of the second support portion 41 may abut each other, or a small gap may be provided between these tops. The first and second support portions 40, 41 may be formed by deforming the first or second plate portion 20, 30 by press forming, hydraulic forming, or the like, or by joining another member to the first or second plate portion 20, 30. The first support portion 40 is preferably formed by joining another member to the surface of the first plate portion 20 facing the cooling channel 13.

[0041] Furthermore, the top of the first support portion 40 and the top of the second support portion 41 may be joined, and in such a case, holes may be formed that penetrate the first and second support portions 40, 41 and the first and second plate portions 20, 30.

[0042] Furthermore, the area where the plurality of support portions 4 and the plurality of protrusions 5 are provided is not limited to a circular shape and can be determined appropriately. Specifically, the plurality of support portions 4 and the plurality of protrusions 5 may be provided in an area having, for example, an elongated shape, more specifically, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or a spindle shape.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the multiple support portions 4 and the multiple protrusion portions 5 are arranged in a matrix along the width direction and the refrigerant flow direction. However, this is not a limitation, and the orientation of the matrix of the multiple support portions 4 and the multiple protrusion portions 5 can be determined as appropriate. Furthermore, the multiple support portions 4 and the multiple protrusion portions 5 are not limited to a matrix, and can be arranged in various ways. In this case, the region in the cooling flow channel 13 located between two support portions 4 that are adjacently arranged in a direction different from the width direction and intersecting the refrigerant flow direction may be defined as an intermediate region. The multiple protrusion portions 5 may also be arranged in such an intermediate region in a similar manner.

[0044] In this embodiment, all of the protrusions 5 are arranged such that their ends on the most upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction are located in the intermediate regions 13A and 13B. However, this is not limiting, and the ends on the most upstream side of all or some of the protrusions 5 may be located in a region different from the intermediate regions 13A and 13B.

[0045] Also, for example, multiple protrusions 5 may be arranged in intermediate region 13A, and multiple protrusions 5 may not be arranged in intermediate region 13B. Conversely, multiple protrusions 5 may be arranged in intermediate region 13B, and multiple protrusions 5 may not be arranged in intermediate region 13A.

[0046] [6. Effects] (1) According to the above embodiment, even when the first plate portion 20 of the cooling member 2 is pressed by the cooling target 6, the first plate portion 20 is supported by the multiple support portions 4 of the base member 3, and deformation of the first plate portion 20 can be suppressed. In other words, the provision of the multiple support portions 4 improves the rigidity of the cooler 1, which makes it possible to make the first plate portion 20 thinner and improve the thermal conductivity of the first plate portion 20. Furthermore, the refrigerant flowing down the cooling flow path 13 collides with the multiple protrusions 5, which directs the refrigerant flow toward the first plate portion 20, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the cooling flow path 13. Therefore, cooling can be performed effectively.

[0047] Furthermore, by thinning the first plate portion 20, the cooler 1 can be made lighter in weight, and the first plate portion 20 can be made of a material with low thermal conductivity (for example, stainless steel).

[0048] (2) Furthermore, the most upstream end of each protrusion 5 is located in the intermediate regions 13A and 13B. Therefore, the protrusions 5 can be arranged in locations where the flow of the coolant is accelerated by providing multiple support members 4. This further encourages the flow of the coolant toward the first plate portion 20, thereby improving the thermal conductivity in the cooling flow path 13. This allows for effective cooling.

[0049] (3) Furthermore, since the first plate portion 20 is located above the second plate portion 30 and the object to be cooled 6 is placed above the first plate portion 20, a load corresponding to the weight of the object to be cooled 6 is applied to the first plate portion 20. Therefore, by supporting the first plate portion 20 from below with multiple support portions 4, deformation of the first plate portion 20 can be effectively suppressed.

[0050] (4) Furthermore, the first plate portion 20 has a shape that is compatible with the cooler 1. This promotes surface contact between the first plate portion 20 and the object to be cooled 6, thereby improving heat conduction between the first plate portion 20 and the object to be cooled 6 and enabling effective cooling.

[0051] (5) Furthermore, by providing multiple support parts 4 on the second plate part 30, it is not necessary to form irregularities on the first plate part 20 to provide these parts. Even when multiple support parts 4 are provided on the first plate part 20, by joining the multiple support parts 4 to the surface of the first plate part 20 facing the cooling flow path 13, irregularities will not be formed on the surface of the first plate part 20 facing the object to be cooled 6. As a result, it is possible to promote surface contact between the first plate part 20 and the object to be cooled 6, thereby enabling effective cooling.

[0052] 7. Other Embodiments (1) In the above embodiment, the cooler 1 is arranged horizontally with the cooling member 2 on the upper side and the base member 3 on the lower side. However, this is not limiting, and the cooler 1 may be arranged, for example, inclined relative to the horizontal direction. The cooler 1 may also be arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction, in which case the flow direction of the refrigerant in the cooling flow path 13 may be vertical. The cooler 1 may also be arranged so that the base member 3 is located on the lower side and the cooling member 2 is located on the upper side.

[0053] (2) Multiple functions of one component in the above embodiments may be realized by multiple components, or one function of one component may be realized by multiple components. Also, multiple functions of multiple components may be realized by one component, or one function realized by multiple components may be realized by one component. Also, part of the configuration of the above embodiments may be omitted. Also, at least part of the configuration of the above embodiments may be added to or substituted for the configuration of another of the above embodiments.

[0054] [8. Technical Ideas Disclosed in This Specification] [Item 1] A cooler comprising: a first plate portion that is a plate-shaped portion configured to contact an object to be cooled; a second plate portion that is a plate-shaped portion that is arranged to face the first plate portion and forms a refrigerant flow path between the first plate portion and the second plate portion; a plurality of support portions provided between the first plate portion and the second plate portion; a plurality of protrusions provided on the second plate portion so as to protrude into the flow path, The tops of the plurality of protrusions are spaced apart from the first plate portion. cooler. [Item 2] The cooler according to item 1, The flow path further includes two side wall portions located at both ends in the width direction of the flow path, At least some of the protrusions are provided such that ends of the protrusions on the most upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant are located in an intermediate region, The intermediate region is either or both of a region located between two adjacent support portions arranged in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the refrigerant in the flow channel, and a region located between the support portion adjacent to the side wall portion and a portion of the side wall portion facing the support portion in the width direction in the flow channel. cooler. [Item 3] The cooler according to item 1 or 2, The first plate portion is disposed above the second plate portion. cooler. [Item 4] The cooler according to any one of items 1 to 3, The portion of the first plate that comes into contact with the object to be cooled has a shape that matches the object to be cooled. cooler. [Item 5] The cooler according to any one of items 1 to 4, The plurality of support portions are joined to a surface of the first plate portion that contacts the flow path, or are provided on the second plate portion. cooler. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 1...cooler, 10...inlet portion, 11...outlet portion, 12...inlet flow path, 13...cooling flow path, 13A, 13B...intermediate region, 14...outlet flow path, 15, 16...first and second edge portions, 2...cooling member, 20...first plate portion, 3...base member, 30...second plate portion, 31...inlet wall portion, 32, 33...first and second side wall portions, 34...outlet wall portion, 4...support portion, 40, 41...first and second support portions, 5...protrusion portion, 6...cooling object.

Claims

1. A cooler comprising: a first plate portion that is a plate-shaped portion configured to come into contact with an object to be cooled; a second plate portion that is a plate-shaped portion that is arranged to face the first plate portion and forms a flow path for a refrigerant between the first plate portion and the second plate portion; a plurality of support portions provided between the first plate portion and the second plate portion; a plurality of protrusions provided on the second plate portion so as to protrude into the flow path; two side wall portions located at both ends in a width direction of the flow path, The tops of the plurality of protrusions are spaced apart from the first plate portion, the plurality of support portions form a plurality of rows extending in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the refrigerant, and the rows are arranged side by side in the flow direction of the refrigerant at intervals; a protrusion is arranged corresponding to an intermediate region that is a region located between each of the plurality of support portions and another support portion that is adjacent to the support portion in the intersecting direction, the protrusion has an end portion on the most upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant located in the intermediate region corresponding to the protrusion, and an end portion on the most downstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant located in none of the intermediate regions; Each of the plurality of protrusions is spaced apart from the plurality of support portions. cooler.

2. A cooler according to claim 1, the plurality of support portions are arranged in a matrix along the width direction and the refrigerant flow direction, forming a plurality of rows extending along the width direction and a plurality of rows extending along the refrigerant flow direction, the intermediate region is a region located between each of the plurality of support portions and a support portion adjacent to the support portion in the width direction, Each of the plurality of protrusions is provided in a circular, elliptical, or spindle-shaped region. cooler.

3. The cooler according to claim 1 or 2, The first plate portion is disposed above the second plate portion. cooler.

4. The cooler according to claim 1 or 2, The portion of the first plate that comes into contact with the object to be cooled has a shape that matches the object to be cooled. cooler.

5. The cooler according to claim 1 or 2, The plurality of support portions are joined to a surface of the first plate portion that contacts the flow path, or are provided on the second plate portion. cooler.

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