Watch component measuring equipment

Abstract

To provide a device for measuring a horological component that allows the machining of the horological component to be optimized without slowing down or burdening in a method for manufacturing the horological component.SOLUTION: A device for measuring a horological component comprises a measurement cell 4, at least two optical systems, and a driver unit. The measurement cell comprises a measurement channel 6 filled with a liquid, and flat and parallel faces. Each optical system comprises a light emitter 21 suitable for emitting a light with a predefined wavelength so as to illuminate a horological component that is present and being displaced in the measurement zone in the measurement channel, and an optical sensor 22 associated with the light emitter to receive at least a part of the light emitted by the light emitter. The optical systems operate in different respective wavelengths. The driver unit drives the optical systems and processes digital data obtained from the optical systems. The driver unit is configured to implement calculations of at least one measurement of a horological component.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring device for a watch component. The present invention also relates to a manufacturing device for a watch component. The present invention also relates to a measuring method for a watch component and a manufacturing method for a watch component. [Background technology]

[0002] Watch components are often manufactured by machining using machine tools that allow the production of complex shapes with considerable precision. There is a continuing desire to further improve the accuracy of such manufacturing methods. For this reason, known practice involves performing periodic inspections by measuring manufactured parts in order to check the fit of the manufactured parts and optimize the settings of the machine tools used. However, measuring such parts introduces additional complexity into the measurement method, such as requiring the positioning of the parts on a specific measuring platform, the adaptation of the machining unit to allow the measurement of the held part, and / or the cleaning of the parts, which remain covered with the cutting oil used by the machine tools, when they leave the machine tools. For this reason, such measurements generally slow down the manufacturing method and make it cumbersome to carry out.

[0003] For this reason, existing solutions to improve the accuracy of manufacturing watch parts during machining using machine tools are not satisfactory. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a solution that makes it possible to optimize precision during the machining of watch components by means of a fast and simple measurement of the components.

[0005] More specifically, the object of the invention is to propose a solution in the manufacturing process of a watch component that makes it possible to optimize the machining of the watch component without slowing it down or straining it.

[0006] The subject of the invention is also a solution for the fast, accurate and reliable measurement of at least one dimension of a watch part. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] For this reason, the present invention provides a. A measuring cell comprising: i. a measuring channel extending in the longitudinal direction, filled with a liquid and capable of displacing a watch part; ii. a measuring cell including a pair of flat, parallel outer surfaces; b. at least two optical systems disposed in a measurement area of ​​the measurement cell and facing at least a portion of the outer surface of the measurement cell, each optical system comprising: i. a light emitter suitable for emitting light of a predetermined wavelength or of a defined polarization, in particular collimated light, through the outer surface of the measuring cell in the direction of the measuring channel, so as to be able to illuminate the displaced timepiece parts present in the measuring area of ​​the measuring channel; ii. an optical sensor associated with the light emitter for receiving at least a portion of the light emitted by the light emitter; at least two optical systems each including a light emitter operating at a different wavelength or a different polarization; c. a drive unit capable of driving said optical system and capable of processing said digital data obtained from said optical system, configured to perform a calculation of at least one dimension of a timepiece component; Based on a measuring device for watch parts, including

[0008] The invention also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing watch parts, comprising a machining unit and a measuring device as described above.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for measuring a timepiece component, comprising the steps of: - moving the watch part in the liquid in the measuring channel of the measuring cell; - optionally detecting said timepiece part by a detection sensor and transmitting said detection data to a drive unit; - driving at least two optical systems by a drive unit so that images are taken simultaneously at the moment when the timepiece part passes through the measurement area of ​​the measuring cell; - transmitting digital data representative of the images obtained by the at least two optical systems to a drive unit; - calculating, by a computer of the drive unit, from said digital data, at least one dimension of said timepiece part; The present invention relates to a method for measuring a watch component, including the steps of:

[0010] The invention is more particularly defined by the claims.

[0011] The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be explained in detail in the following description of specific embodiments, given in a non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a measuring device for a timepiece component according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2a and 2b are diagrams showing two schematic configurations of displacement of a watch part in a measurement channel of a watch part measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a measurement channel of a timepiece component measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a measurement area of ​​a measurement device for a timepiece component according to a modified embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device, a sorting unit, and a drive unit coupled to a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention is based on a measuring device for watch parts that does not require cleaning of the watch part when it leaves the machining tool and allows measurements from images taken by an optical system while the watch part is moving. Advantageously, this movement of the watch part is free-moving, immersed in a fluid. As a result, the present invention offers the first advantage of a high measurement speed, since measurements are performed on a moving part. Furthermore, it is very simple and easy to implement, since, on the one hand, the part does not need to be positioned on a specific platform and / or according to a predetermined orientation, and, on the other hand, cleaning of the part is not required.

[0014] 1 shows a measuring device 1 for watch parts according to an embodiment. The device comprises an inlet 2 for watch parts that can be positioned directly downstream of a machine tool 30, i.e. to receive the introduction of the watch part immediately after it leaves the machining stage by the machine tool 30. The inlet 2 has a funnel-like shape. The inlet 2 may have any shape that allows guiding and / or orienting the watch part. The guiding function may be reinforced by any action of the inlet 2, which may take the form of a vibrating bowl, a centrifugal feeder, etc. Preferably, the inlet 2 is at least partially filled with fluid, for example to allow the removal of any air bubbles present on the surface of the watch part upon introduction into the fluid.

[0015] The measuring device 1 also includes a first transport structure 3, which allows the transport of the watch components from the introduction section 2 to the measurement channel 6 of the measuring cell 4, as explained below. The link between the introduction section 2 and the first transport structure 3 is designed to avoid disturbance of the watch components, for example through an appropriate shape and a controlled surface condition. This allows the watch components to be guided to the measuring cell 4, preferably according to a selected orientation provided by the introduction section 2. Advantageously, the first transport structure 3 allows the watch components to maintain a predetermined preferred orientation. The first transport structure 3 is preferably also filled with a fluid. This allows the watch components to reach the measuring cell 4 in a substantially repeatable manner from one component to another, in substantially the same position as they have in the first transport structure 3. For this purpose, the first transport structure 3 takes the form of, for example, a duct of circular or elliptical cross section filled with the above-mentioned fluid. Furthermore, the inner surface of this duct is adapted to minimize any disturbance of the fluid flow and avoid disturbance of the watch components.

[0016] The measuring device 1 finally optionally comprises a second transport structure 5 suitable for transporting the watch parts from the measuring cell 4 to a collector (not shown). The watch parts can then be guided to a sorting unit 40, where watch parts deemed non-conforming are discarded. Alternatively or additionally, the watch parts may be directed to a washing unit (not shown). The second transport structure 5 is also advantageously filled with fluid.

[0017] According to this embodiment, the junction of the first transport structure 3 and / or the optional second transport structure 5 with the measurement channel 6 of the measuring cell 4 has a tapered shape, which makes it possible to minimize the risk of disturbing the watch parts. Preferably, the diameter of the measurement channel 6 of the measuring cell 4 is less than or equal to the diameter of the duct of the transport structure 3.

[0018] As mentioned above, the first and second transport structures 3, 5 and the measurement channel 6 of the measurement cell 4 are filled with a fluid. The fluid is preferably a liquid, preferably a highly viscous liquid. In addition, a device is provided to keep the total volume of liquid in the measurement device 1 substantially constant, for example via a pump or other suitable system. If necessary, a degassing device may be provided to avoid the presence of any air bubbles in the measurement cell 4, which would likely interfere with the measurement. The fluid is more preferably pre-filtered to minimize the presence of particles.

[0019] The fluid plays an important role in the displacement of the timepiece component, and its viscosity is controlled. In particular, the temperature of the fluid is preferably controlled, since it influences the fluid's viscosity. Such a temperature is maintained, for example, in the range of 20 to 35°C, preferably between 21 and 25°C. Advantageously, the fluid circulates in a closed or open circuit in the measuring device 1 in a laminar flow state at a predetermined speed that is as constant as possible so that its movement is imperceptible to the optical system of the measuring cell. Such a speed allows the fluid to contribute to the transport of the timepiece component without inducing discontinuities in the displacement speed of the timepiece component within the measuring cell 4. Alternatively, the fluid is stationary within the measuring device 1, and the timepiece component to be measured is displaced, for example, under the influence of gravity. Advantageously, the measuring channel 6 of the measuring cell 4 is arranged to allow free displacement of the timepiece component by gravity in a stationary fluid or by laminar flow and / or gravitational liquid entrainment, with a controlled, constant speed of the measuring channel 6 within the measurement area.

[0020] The dynamic viscosity of the fluid thus makes it possible to control the speed of passage of the timepiece component through the measuring cell. This speed is selected in particular so that one or more images of the timepiece component can be taken by the optical system. Advantageously, the measuring cell 4 is dimensioned and the fluid is selected so that the timepiece component to be measured passes through the measuring cell 4, and in particular through the optical system of the measuring cell 4, at a speed of between 70 mm / s and 180 mm / s. This displacement speed has a non-zero component in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel of the measuring cell. Such a speed will be compatible with the operating frequency of the optical system. To achieve the above-mentioned properties to the best of its ability, the liquid (fluid) is preferably selected to have a viscosity of 2 mm / s (at 40°C according to the DIN 51562-1 standard) or less. 2 / s to 50mm 2 / s.

[0021] Furthermore, the fluid used has a predetermined kinematic viscosity similar to that of the machining oil used by the machining device (machine tool 30) for machining the watch parts. This not only eliminates the need to clean the watch parts before the measurement, but also makes it possible to avoid the otherwise unfavorable environment in the machining area of ​​the machine tool, which would reduce the accuracy and repeatability of the measurements if machining residues and / or oil traces are present on the watch parts.

[0022] Finally, the fluid is selected with a predetermined refractive index and at least partial transparency to be optimal for the optical system of the measuring cell 4, as will be explained in detail below. Such fluids are, for example, mineral fluids, vegetable oils, emulsions, microemulsions, or synthetic fluids, provided that the emulsion components have similar refractive indices. Ideally, the fluid is identical to the cutting oil used by the machine tool 30 from which the part is obtained. For example, oils known under the trade names Blasomill® (particularly Blasomill® 22), Swisscut® otho, Swisscut® Frisco, and Swisscut® Decomed are considered to work well.

[0023] To this end, the measuring cell 4 includes a measuring channel 6 that guides the timepiece component during displacement. The measuring channel 6 is filled with the aforementioned fluid. The measuring channel preferably has a structure that allows for optimizing the displacement of the timepiece component and / or the fluid. For example, the measuring channel may have a circular or elliptical cross section, or any other shape, preferably without sharp edges. Furthermore, its walls preferably have a roughness that does not allow interference with the optical measuring unit and prevents the part from being jammed in the measuring channel. More generally, the dimensions, shape, and surface roughness of the measuring channel 6 ultimately facilitate the continuous displacement of the timepiece component and, of course, prevent its jamming. Generally, the diameter of a measuring channel is a term used to describe the diameter of the measuring channel when its cross section is circular, or, when the cross section of the measuring channel is not circular, the diameter of the smallest circle in which this cross section can be inscribed. Furthermore, the maximum diameter of a timepiece component is a term used to describe the diameter of the smallest cylinder in which the timepiece component to be measured can be inscribed. Preferably, the diameter of the measurement channel is larger than the maximum diameter of the watch component to avoid interference, preferably 5% larger than the maximum diameter of the watch component. Furthermore, the diameter of the measurement channel is also preferably smaller than 1.8 times the maximum diameter of the watch component to ensure detection of the watch component by the pass-through sensor described below.

[0024] 2a and 2b illustrate, by way of example, two configurations of the displacement of a balance stem 10 within the measurement channel 6 of the same measuring cell 4. Such a balance stem 10 has substantial rotational symmetry around a central axis. The balance stem has a maximum cross-section whose diameter corresponds to the maximum diameter of the balance stem, i.e., the minimum diameter of the cylinder 11 in which it is inscribed, which is referred to here as the maximum diameter of the balance stem 10 according to the definition above. The balance stem 10 generally has a maximum diameter between 0.3 mm and 1.2 mm and a length between 6 mm and 8 mm. For example, for a rotating watch part with a maximum diameter of 1.2 mm, a measurement channel 6 with a diameter between 1.26 mm and 2.16 mm, typically a measurement channel 6 with a diameter of 1.4 mm, allows for guaranteed detection of the watch part even when the watch part is pushed to one side of the channel, as illustrated in FIG. 2a. On the other hand, FIG. 2b illustrates the ideal situation in which the balance stem 10 is displaced in the center of the measurement channel 6 according to the orientation of its length along the longitudinal axis of the measurement channel 6.

[0025] The measuring cell 4 also includes at least two optical systems 20, 20' arranged in the measurement area, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The function of each optical system 20, 20' is to take one or more images of the watch component passing through the measuring cell 4 in order to enable the estimation of one or more dimensions of the watch component based on the images.

[0026] According to this embodiment, each optical system 20, 20' comprises a light emitter 21, 21', operating at a predetermined wavelength and emitting preferably collimated light, and an optical sensor 22, 22' associated with the light source, for example a high-resolution CCD or CMOS camera. Advantageously, the optical system 20, 20' comprises a light emitter 21, 21' and an associated optical sensor 22, 22' aligned and located on either side of the measuring cell 4. In this way, the optical sensor 22, 22' is positioned opposite the light emitter 21, 21' and detects the shadow induced by the watch part located in the path of the light beam emitted by the light emitter 21, 21', making it possible to obtain a very accurate definition of the edge of the watch part to be measured.

[0027] The optical sensors 22, 22' may be cameras. Advantageously, such cameras are selected to have an imaging frame frequency of 30 fps (frames per second) or more at full resolution. The exposure time is optimized to minimize blurring caused by the displacement speed of the clock parts. For example, for a frame frequency of 30 fps and clock parts displaced at a speed of 108 mm / s, the exposure time is 16 μs.

[0028] According to this embodiment, the measurement cell 4 has two optical systems 20, 20'. Alternatively, three or four optical systems may be used. The two optical systems 20, 20' are both arranged in the same plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the measurement cell 4. Therefore, the measurement area is substantially flat in this embodiment. At least two optical systems 20, 20' are angularly offset from each other. As shown in FIG. 3, the measurement cell 4 has a polygonal, more specifically octagonal, outer cross section. Therefore, the measurement cell 4 has a pair of flat, parallel outer surfaces 7. Each optical system 20, 20' is aligned perpendicular to one of the flat outer surfaces 7 and is preferably substantially centered on one of the flat outer surfaces 7. According to this embodiment, the two optical systems 20, 20' are oriented perpendicular to each other. Alternatively, the two optical systems may be arranged on adjacent surfaces of the polygonal cross section, with a 45-degree angle between them. In other variants, the external cross section of the measuring cell 4 may have other polygonal shapes, such as square, rectangular, or hexagonal. In this case, the optical systems may have other angles between them, such as 60°, 120°, or other values. The light emitters 21, 21' and their associated optical sensors 22, 22' are arranged at a distance from the measuring cell 4 so as to have their focal plane in the center of the measuring channel 6. Furthermore, the outer surface 7 of the measuring cell 4 has a surface area equal to or greater than the surface area of ​​the field of view of the opposing optical systems 20, 20'. Furthermore, the field of view of the optical sensors 22, 22' is adjusted to the dimensions of the watch part to be measured so that all of the dimensions to be measured are recorded.

[0029] Furthermore, the wavelengths or polarizations of the different optical systems 20, 20' are selected so that they do not interfere with each other or, more generally, with other optical systems of the measuring device 1. For this reason, in this embodiment, the two optical systems 20, 20' are designed so that they do not interfere with each other. The light spectrum of the light emitters 21, 21' of the optical systems 20, 20' can be selected in both the visible and non-visible spectrum, including ultraviolet and infrared. For example, the light emitters 21, 21' can emit in ultraviolet, violet, blue, green, yellow, or red. The lowest wavelengths are preferred to reduce diffraction induced by the edges of the watch components. Furthermore, since the optical systems operate at different wavelengths, it is possible to limit or eliminate artifacts due to stray reflections of various light rays and / or increase the sensitivity of the optical sensors 22, 22'.

[0030] According to this embodiment, the light emitter 21 of the first optical system 20 operates at wavelengths between 435 nm and 500 nm (blue), and the light emitter 21' of the second optical system 20' operates at wavelengths between 495 nm and 570 nm (green).

[0031] In addition, the optical systems 20, 20' are advantageously provided with bandpass filters: for example, for an optical system operating in the blue, a bandpass filter operating between 435 nm and 500 nm (corresponding to blue illumination) is selected, and for an optical system operating in the green, a bandpass filter operating between 485 nm and 565 nm (corresponding to green illumination) is selected.

[0032] The optical sensors 22, 22' are further advantageously provided with a spectral filter to reduce potential interactions between the two optical systems 20, 20'. The purpose is to protect the contour information of the watch components obtained with the selected backlight configuration without being disturbed by other illumination from the other optical systems. The spectral filter is, for example, a suitable band-pass filter. The filter is selected as a function of the relative spectral response of the optical sensors 22, 22' for a given wavelength in order to eliminate potential disturbances from the other optical systems 20', 20'. The filter may be installed between the measuring cell 4 and the optical sensors 22, 22' or may be directly integrated into the lenses of the optical sensors 22, 22'. Since the diameter of the lenses is significantly larger than the field of view, it may be advantageous to position the filter between the measuring cell 4 and the optical sensors 22, 22'.

[0033] The measuring cell 4 is advantageously a monolithic part. The measuring cell may take the form of a block of prismatic material having an at least partially transparent, polygonal base arranged around an axis of symmetry. The measuring channel (or central channel) is arranged in the center of the block, preferably centered on the axis of symmetry. Preferably, the axis of the channel is substantially parallel to the outer surface 7. Thus, the outer surface comprises a polygonal cross section, as described above. Furthermore, the length of the measuring cell is dimensioned so that the surface area of ​​each outer surface 7 of the measuring cell 4 is equal to or greater than the surface area of ​​the field of view of the opposing optical system 20, 20'.

[0034] As mentioned above, the outer surface of the measuring cell 4 may have different polygonal shapes. The outer surface includes at least as many pairs of opposing parallel outer surfaces 7 as there are optical systems, and possibly other sensors. It should be noted that the flat surface of the measuring cell 4 also simplifies the positioning and alignment of the optical sensors 22, 22′. For this reason, in a measuring cell 4 including two or three optical systems 20, 20′ and a pass-through sensor 26, as described below, the measuring cell advantageously has the shape of a prism with an octagonal base, which simplifies subsequent dimensional calculations. Alternatively, the measuring cell may also include only two optical systems 20, 20′ on the same plane. In such a configuration, the measuring cell 4 may have the shape of a prism with a rectangular or square base.

[0035] The measuring cell 4 is also designed with a material that is transparent at the wavelengths of the different optical systems 20, 20' and / or other optical devices, such as the through sensor 26.

[0036] In addition, the materials of construction are preferably homogeneous and isotropic so as not to interfere with various light rays. Furthermore, the measuring cell 4 preferably has a predetermined refractive index designed to work well with the optical system 20, 20'. The following table shows, in a non-limiting manner, some typical refractive indices of usable materials at 20°C:

[0037] [Table 1]

[0038] In particular, the material is selected so that the walls of the measurement channel 6 of the measurement cell 4 form an interface with the fluid filling the measurement channel 6, which interface is invisible or nearly invisible to various optical systems, whether the fluid is stationary or in laminar flow. This is primarily achieved by the surface roughness of the walls of the measurement channel 6. The surfaces of these walls may be polished to a roughness Ra of 0.5 μm or less. Furthermore, the refractive index of the fluid filling the measurement channel 6 and the refractive index of the material constituting the measurement cell 4 are selected so that they are substantially equal at the various wavelengths of the optical system being implemented. In this ideal configuration, the refractive indexes are equal, and there is no diffraction at the interface between the fluid and the measurement cell 4. Alternatively, the refractive index may exhibit a small difference that is imperceptible or nearly imperceptible to the optical system, and ultimately has negligible influence on the measurement. For this reason, the difference between the refractive index of the material of the measurement cell 4 and that of the fluid is advantageously less than 2%, or less than 1%, or less than 0.5%.

[0039] The refractive index of the fluid is measured with an Abbe refractometer (587 nm) at 20° C. The following table shows, in a non-limiting manner, some typical refractive indices of foreseeable fluids.

[0040] [Table 2]

[0041] In a variant embodiment, the measuring cell 4 consists of several sections made of different materials, which allows to minimize the refractive index difference between the measuring cell and the fluid for each of the wavelengths used in the various optical systems, distributed over the several sections. The various materials are assembled in the form of joined sections or windows.

[0042] This embodiment has been described on the basis of a single measuring cell 4 containing multiple optical systems. Alternatively, it is also possible to arrange several measuring cells 4 in series, each optimized for measuring the same or different predetermined dimensions of a single watch component.

[0043] In a variant embodiment, supplemental lighting is used to highlight specific details of the watch component to be measured, particularly in areas that would be masked by the simple illumination provided by the optical system 20, 20' as described above, particularly as shown in FIG. 3. For example, certain edges may be masked and rendered unmeasurable. Thus, supplemental lighting allows for the removal of any shadow areas and the addition of information for the reconstruction of, for example, ellipses or asymmetric shapes. Such supplemental lighting may consist of dome-type lighting or a combination of 0° coaxial lighting and 90° oblique lighting. Alternatively, such lighting may consist of the addition of supplemental 45° lighting. The supplemental lighting is selected to be visible by at least one optical sensor 22, 22' of the optical system 20, 20'. Depending on the structure to be revealed, the lighting may be polarized, diffused, directional, etc.

[0044] Thus, FIG. 4 illustrates such a variant of FIG. 3, in which complementary semicircular or semiannular illuminators operating at the wavelengths of the corresponding optical systems 20, 20′ are positioned on either side of each optical sensor 22, 22′. The first illuminator 23 has a wavelength identical or substantially identical to that of the first optical system 20, whose camera forms the optical sensor 22. Furthermore, the first illuminator is positioned adjacent to the camera and facing the outer surface 7 of the measurement cell 4. The second illuminator 24 has a wavelength identical or substantially identical to that of the second optical system 20′. The second illuminator 24 is positioned adjacent to the camera forming the optical sensor 22′ of the second optical system 20′ and facing the outer surface 7 of the measurement cell 4. Finally, the third illuminator 25 is positioned between the two cameras forming the two optical sensors 22 of the two optical systems 20. The illumination from the third optical system 20 combines the two corresponding wavelengths to enable visibility by the two cameras.

[0045] Alternatively, the third illumination device 25 may be obtained by placing part of the first illumination device 23 and part of the second illumination device 24 between the two cameras forming the two optical sensors 22, 22' of the two optical systems 20, 20', such that the illumination concentrates two corresponding wavelengths.

[0046] Alternatively, the two optical systems may not be located in the same plane but may be offset. In such a variant, each complementary lighting device may have the shape of two semicircles arranged around the optical sensor (camera) and illuminating half of the watch part passing in front of the camera.

[0047] Of course, alternatively, other types of optics and other associated illumination may be used.

[0048] Optionally, one or more passage sensors 26 can be used to determine the presence of the clock components in the measuring cell 4 and / or to determine the speed of passage of the clock components through the measuring cell 4. For example, the passage sensors 26 can be integrated at the same height, i.e. in the same plane, as the optical systems 20, 20', as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Alternatively, such passage sensors 26 can be arranged upstream of the optical systems.

[0049] If the passage sensor 26 is integrated at the same level as the at least two optical systems 20, 20', it is advantageous to select a sensor operating at a wavelength different from that of the optical systems 20, 20' in question to prevent any interference. For example, for optical systems 20, 20' operating at blue and green wavelengths according to the above example, it is possible to select a passage sensor 26 operating at a red wavelength, i.e., in the form of a laser operating at a wavelength of, for example, 670 nm. In this way, the reflections that the passage sensor 26 induces on the watch components are invisible to the optical sensors 22, 22' of the optical systems 20, 20'. The passage sensor can detect the watch components directly or via the reflection of the laser on a reflector and may be a continuous-fire sensor, as shown in FIG. 4. Advantageously, the passage sensor 26 is designed to cover the entire width of the measurement channel in order to accurately detect the components regardless of the orientation of the measurement channel.

[0050] In all cases, the passage sensor 26 transmits information that contributes to the synchronization of the optical systems, i.e., that allows at least two optical systems to be simultaneously triggered by the presence of a horological component to be measured. The passage sensor transmits information to the drive unit, described below, more specifically in the form of data indicative of the time interval corresponding to the presence of the horological component in the measuring cell.

[0051] Finally, the measuring device 1 comprises a drive unit 50, shown in FIG. 5, which drives the optical system 20, 20' and the other sensors of the measuring device. The drive unit 50 thus comprises hardware and / or software means, in particular at least one computer and at least one memory, for the processing of digital data originating from the optical system sensors and other sensors. On this basis, the measuring device implements a method for calculating one or more measurements of the timepiece components. Furthermore, the measuring device 1 comprises a communication device arranged between the optical system and any sensors of the drive unit to enable the exchange of digital data between the elements.

[0052] In a variant, the measuring unit or a second measuring unit is positioned upstream of the machining unit in order to know the dimensions of the pieces entering the method.

[0053] The principle of calculation of the measurements of the watch component according to this embodiment is explained below. As mentioned above, at least two optical systems 20, 20' take simultaneous images of the same watch component. These images make it possible to obtain digital data of representations of the same watch component at the same moment but in different orientations. Each of the images may contain parallax errors, which are corrected by using at least two different images.

[0054] As an example, consider below a timepiece component that includes a shape organized around an axis of symmetry, such as a balance shaft, which may simply take the form of an arrangement of several cylindrical sections of different diameters arranged around the axis of symmetry. In such a case, the useful measurement may be the maximum diameter of the timepiece component, even if other diameters are obtained over a particular cross section. In addition, another useful measurement may be the length of the timepiece component, measured along the axis of symmetry. Similarly, the approach applies equally to other components that exhibit quasi-symmetry around an axis.

[0055] The first optical system 20 of the measuring device measures the dimension of the watch component in the first plane X, for example at least the length L x and at least one diameter D x In addition, the first angle α of the watch part relative to the axis of the measuring channel, i.e. the longitudinal direction, which forms the reference direction of the measuring cell, x is measured.

[0056] The second optical system 20' allows measuring the same dimension of the same watch part, but in the second plane Y, by a different orientation of the second optical system, so that the length L y and at least one diameter D y The second angle α of the watch part relative to the axis of the measuring channel, i.e. the longitudinal direction, y is measured.

[0057] If the measurement device includes more than one optical system, the above measurement can be repeated for each of the other optical systems.

[0058] It should be noted that for cylindrical parts or parts with axial symmetry, as mentioned above, two optical systems are sufficient to achieve the required accuracy. For watch parts with more complex three-dimensional shapes, a third, or even a fourth or more optical systems may be required.

[0059] The different images obtained by each optical system are obtained by subtracting the angle α from the visible length in each image. nBy taking into account the effective length of the clock component, it is possible to calculate the effective length of the clock component. Each measurement obtained can be affected by parallax or projection errors. However, corrected measurements are obtained by computational processing. This approach makes it possible to correct for parallax errors.

[0060] In a variant, if the images taken by the different optical systems overlap, the measurements can be complemented by stereo reconstruction.

[0061] It should be noted that the above-described principle also applies when at least two optical systems 20, 20' simultaneously capture images of the same timepiece component. The moment of capture of this image can be optimized by using a pass sensor 26, which can be employed as described above, under the control of the drive unit. As a variant, the clock can simply allow for coordination of the at least two optical systems. According to a variant embodiment, these optical systems 20, 20' can each capture several successive images of the same timepiece component, for example in bursts, while remaining coordinated with one another so that the images are maintained simultaneously between each optical system. Such a variant makes it possible to take into account several images per optical system, thereby improving accuracy.

[0062] The drive unit 50 of the measuring device may also include a communication device for automatically communicating with additional external devices, such as a downstream sorting unit 40 or a washing unit, and / or an upstream machining unit.

[0063] In an advantageous example, the drive unit or any additional unit may perform a qualitative assessment of the timepiece component through a step of comparing at least one calculated measurement with an expected theoretical measurement forming a reference value. Based on this comparison, it can be determined whether the obtained quality is sufficient, for example by comparing with a predetermined quality threshold. In addition, if the quality of the timepiece component is insufficient, an additional step of automatic correction of the machining unit can be performed by replacing the obtained defective measurement with an adjustment of the machining unit. This approach can be repeated several times until a satisfactory measurement is obtained. Note that according to an advantageous variant embodiment, the control and / or correction of the machining unit is performed immediately or quasi-immediately, for example based on short servo control. The driving of possible downstream units may also be handled automatically and / or immediately or quasi-immediately by the drive unit. Such downstream units may, for example, be sorting units that sort timepiece components based on conformance or non-conformance of the performed measurements, based on batches according to size ranges, based on batches containing a predetermined number of components, etc.

[0064] For this reason, the present invention also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a watch part, comprising a machining unit and a measuring device as described above, and including an introduction section that allows the transfer of the watch part obtained by the machining unit to the measuring device without prior cleaning.

[0065] The measurement unit may also include a human-machine interface connectable to the drive unit. The human-machine interface may include a display screen on which the calculated measurement or measurements are displayed. The human-machine interface may also display reference values ​​for each measurement, the results of quality diagnostics of the watch component, and / or machine settings. The human-machine interface may also include means for an operator to input data and commands.

[0066] As described above, the measuring device according to the present invention makes it possible to measure the dimensions of a watch part having a shape of a rotating body, which may be millimeter-sized. Of course, it is possible to measure the dimensions of a watch part that can have any shape, not just a rotating body.

[0067] More generally, the present invention provides the following advantages: - It is particularly suitable for carrying out at least one measurement of a timepiece component at high speed, since it is carried out on a moving timepiece component and eliminates the need to position the timepiece component statically on the fitting before the measurement. - it makes it possible to obtain a high degree of precision and not suffer from phenomena such as distortion of the light quantity as a function of the working distance, distortion of watch parts due to not being perpendicular to the light field, and the effects of diffraction and diffusion of oblique illumination on the edges of the parts. - suitable for operation in an environment compatible with machining environments, in particular for watch parts placed in a liquid of defined kinematic viscosity compatible with the recovery of watch parts leaving machining equipment, possibly covered with oils used in said machines, without the need to clean them. It is simple, since the measurements are carried out on free watch parts, i.e. on watch parts in free movement and immersed in the liquid.

[0068] In summary, as is clear from the above description, the measuring device according to the invention allows a transport system to guide a timepiece component into a measuring cell at a predetermined speed so that the timepiece component passes through a measurement area, i.e., through the focal planes of at least two optical systems of the measuring device. In the measurement area, the optical systems each simultaneously acquire one or more images. These images are transmitted in digital data format to a drive unit, which includes, inter alia, image analysis software, which allows the extraction of the desired dimensions of the timepiece component by taking into account the simultaneous measurements of the optical systems. The obtained dimensions make it possible, at a minimum, to communicate the results of the quality of the manufactured timepiece component, possibly by interacting with the control unit of the processing machine and / or by immediately transmitting information to the operator of said machine, which can lead to the rapid tracking of machining drifts, adjustment / correction of machining parameters and shutdown of the processing machine, thereby limiting the number of non-conforming timepiece components.

[0069] The invention also relates to a method for measuring a timepiece part, implemented by a drive unit of the measuring device described above, comprising the following steps: - moving the watch parts in the liquid in the measuring channel of the measuring cell, - optionally detecting the timepiece component by a detection sensor and transmitting the detection data to the drive unit; - driving at least two optical systems by a drive unit so that images are taken simultaneously at the moment of passage of the watch part through the measuring area of ​​the measuring cell; - transmitting digital data representing the images obtained by the at least two optical systems to a drive unit; - from said digital data, the computer of the drive unit calculates at least one dimension of the timepiece component.

[0070] The method for measuring a watch part may comprise simultaneously taking several images during free displacement of the watch part according to a speed of displacement having a non-zero component in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel of the measuring cell, said speed being greater than or equal to 70 mm / s and less than or equal to 180 mm / s.

[0071] In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a watch component, which comprises implementing the above-mentioned measuring method, - determining whether a watch part is suitable by comparing the dimensions of the watch part calculated by the computer of the drive unit with the reference dimensions; - Based on the results of the comparison, move the parts to a dedicated storage area; - in the case of non-conforming watch parts, calculating machining correction data as a function of the calculated dimensions of the watch part and transferring the correction data to the machining unit and / or transmitting a warning to the operator; The present invention relates to a method that additionally includes all or part of each of the additional steps.

[0072] The manufacturing method additionally advantageously comprises a preliminary step of manufacturing the timepiece part via a processing machine, the method also comprising introducing the timepiece part obtained on the processing machine directly into a measuring device without prior cleaning.

[0073] Of course, the invention is applicable to any timepiece part, such as a balance or other shaft or pinion, a rotating timepiece part with cylindrical symmetry, or a timepiece part that is neither cylindrical nor symmetrical, such as a barrel stem square or hook. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1. Measuring equipment 2 Introduction 4. Measurement cell 6 measurement channels 7 External surface 20 Optical system 21 Luminous Object 22 Optical Sensor 23 First lighting device 24 Second lighting device 25 Third lighting device 26 Passage sensor 50 Drive Unit

Claims

1. a. A measuring cell (4), i. a measuring channel (6) extending in the longitudinal direction, filled with a liquid and capable of displacing the watch parts; ii. An outer surface (7) having a pair of flat parallel surfaces; a measuring cell (4) containing b. At least two optical systems (20, 20') arranged in the measurement area of ​​the measuring cell (4) and facing at least a part of the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4), each optical system (20, 20') comprising: iii) a light emitter (21, 21') suitable for emitting collimated light of a predetermined wavelength or a defined polarization through the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4) in the direction of the measuring channel (6) so as to illuminate the displaced timepiece components present in the measuring area of ​​the measuring channel (6); iv. an optical sensor (22, 22') associated with said light emitter (21, 21') for receiving at least a portion of the light emitted by said light emitter (21, 21'); Including, the at least two optical systems (20, 20') each include a light emitter (21, 21') operating at a different wavelength or polarization; At least two optical systems (20, 20'); c) a drive unit (50) capable of driving said optical system (20, 20') and capable of processing digital data obtained from said optical system, and adapted to carry out a calculation of at least one dimension of a timepiece component; Including, The measuring cell (4) is made of a material that is transparent to the wavelengths of the at least two optical systems (20, 20'), the measuring cell has a polygonal external cross-section that forms the outer surface (7), the outer surface (7) having a surface area equal to or greater than the surface area of ​​the field of view of the opposing optical system (20, 20'), and the measuring cell has a circular internal cross-section that is free of sharp edges and that delimits the measuring channel (6).

2. The measuring channel (6) has at least two optical systems (20, 20') positioned in the same plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof, the at least two optical systems (20, 20') being angularly offset from one another.

2. The measuring device for a watch component according to claim 1.

3. a. A measurement cell (4), i. a measuring channel (6) extending in the longitudinal direction, filled with a liquid and capable of displacing the watch parts; ii. An outer surface (7) having a pair of flat parallel surfaces; a measuring cell (4) containing b. At least two optical systems (20, 20') arranged in the measurement area of ​​the measuring cell (4) and facing at least a part of the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4), each optical system (20, 20') comprising: iii) a light emitter (21, 21') suitable for emitting collimated light of a predetermined wavelength or a defined polarization through the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4) in the direction of the measuring channel (6) so as to illuminate the displaced timepiece components present in the measuring area of ​​the measuring channel (6); iv. an optical sensor (22, 22') associated with said light emitter (21, 21') for receiving at least a portion of the light emitted by said light emitter (21, 21'); Including, the at least two optical systems (20, 20') each include a light emitter (21, 21') operating at a different wavelength or polarization; At least two optical systems (20, 20'); c) a drive unit (50) capable of driving said optical system (20, 20') and capable of processing digital data obtained from said optical system, and adapted to carry out a calculation of at least one dimension of a timepiece component; Including, The measuring device (1) for a watch component has at least two optical systems (20, 20') positioned in the same plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel (6), the at least two optical systems (20, 20') being angularly offset from one another.

4. The system further comprises complementary lighting devices (23, 24, 25) arranged along the optical sensors (22, 22') of the at least two optical systems (20, 20') to enhance the perception of the at least two optical systems (20, 20'). The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. a. A measurement cell (4), i. a measuring channel (6) extending in the longitudinal direction, filled with a liquid and capable of displacing the watch parts; ii. An outer surface (7) having a pair of flat parallel surfaces; a measuring cell (4) containing b. At least two optical systems (20, 20') arranged in the measurement area of ​​the measuring cell (4) and facing at least a part of the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4), each optical system (20, 20') comprising: iii) a light emitter (21, 21') suitable for emitting collimated light of a predetermined wavelength or a defined polarization through the outer surface (7) of the measuring cell (4) in the direction of the measuring channel (6) so as to illuminate the displaced timepiece components present in the measuring area of ​​the measuring channel (6); iv. an optical sensor (22, 22') associated with said light emitter (21, 21') for receiving at least a portion of the light emitted by said light emitter (21, 21'); Including, the at least two optical systems (20, 20') each include a light emitter (21, 21') operating at a different wavelength or polarization; At least two optical systems (20, 20'); c) a drive unit (50) capable of driving said optical system (20, 20') and capable of processing digital data obtained from said optical system, and adapted to carry out a calculation of at least one dimension of a timepiece component; Including, The measuring device (1) for a watch component further comprises complementary lighting devices (23, 24, 25) arranged along the optical sensors (22, 22') of the at least two optical systems (20, 20') to enhance the perception of the at least two optical systems (20, 20').

6. A method for detecting an optical system comprising at least two optical systems (20, 20'), each of said light emitters (21, 21') operating at a wavelength between 435 and 500 nm and between 495 nm and 570 nm, The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The measuring channel (6) of the measuring cell (4) is arranged to allow free displacement of the watch part by gravity in a static liquid. The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The liquid is selected to pass through the measurement cell (4) at a speed of 70 mm / s or more and 180 mm / s or less. The measuring device for a watch component according to claim 7.

9. The liquid in the measurement channel (6) is a liquid having a dynamic viscosity between 2 mm 2 / s and 50 mm 2 / s. The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The refractive indexes of the materials of the liquid and the measurement cell are the same or have a difference that has negligible effect on the measurement. The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. the drive unit is configured to drive the at least two optical systems (20, 20') to synchronize them so that each of the at least two optical systems (20, 20') takes at least one simultaneous image of the same timepiece part; The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The drive unit includes a computer configured to carry out a calculation of at least one dimension of the timepiece component by means of a computer program in order to evaluate its conformity or non-conformity with reference data. The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The computer is configured to perform calculations of the length of the clock part, the dimension across said length, which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the clock part when the clock part has rotational symmetry, and the angle between the direction of said length and the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel (6), The measuring device for a timepiece component according to claim 12.

14. The measuring cell according to claim 13, further comprising a detection sensor (26) capable of detecting the presence of a watch part displaced within the measuring channel (6) of the measuring cell (4). The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The detection sensor (26) operates based on a wavelength different from the wavelengths of the at least two optical systems (20, 20'). The measuring device for a watch component according to claim 14.

16. Including an arrangement directed towards the measuring channel (6) of the measuring cell (4) and allowing watch parts to be transferred directly, without cleaning, from the output of the processing machine to the measuring channel (6) and / or an arrangement allowing watch parts to be transferred to the output of the measuring channel (6) and directed towards a cleaning, storage and / or rejection unit based on the conformity of the calculated dimension or dimensions, 16. The measuring device for a watch component according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A watch part of rotation having cylindrical symmetry, such as a balance shaft, and / or a watch part that is not cylindrical or symmetrical, such as a square or hook of a barrel shaft, 17. The measuring device for a timepiece component according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. An apparatus for manufacturing a watch part, comprising a machining unit and a measuring device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and an introduction part (2) for enabling a watch part to be transferred from the output of the machining unit to a measuring cell (4) of the measuring device (1) without intermediate cleaning. Watch parts manufacturing equipment.

19. A method for measuring a watch part using the watch part measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising: moving the timepiece part in the liquid in the measuring channel (6) of the measuring cell (4); driving at least two optical systems (20, 20') by a drive unit so that images are taken simultaneously at the moment when the timepiece part passes through the measurement area of ​​the measuring cell (4); transmitting digital data representing the images obtained by the at least two optical systems (20, 20') to a drive unit; calculating, by a computer of the drive unit, from said digital data, at least one dimension of said timepiece component; How to measure watch components, including each step.

20. The method includes simultaneously taking several images during the free displacement of the clock part, depending on the speed of the displacement of the clock part having a non-zero component in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel (6) of the measuring cell (4), the speed being between 70 mm / s and 180 mm / s.

20. The method for measuring a watch component according to claim 19.

21. A step of determining whether the watch part is compatible by comparing at least one dimension of the watch part calculated by the computer of the drive unit with at least one reference dimension; transferring said watch parts to a dedicated storage area; in case of a non-conforming watch part, calculating at least one machining correction data for said watch part and transmitting said at least one machining correction data to a machining unit and / or transmitting a warning to an operator; including all or part of the additional steps of 21. A method for measuring a timepiece component according to claim 19 or 20.

Images