Heating device, heating system, heat storage device and heat storage system

Abstract

To provide a heating device for heating a gas flow having high thermal performance, a heating system for the gas flow which can be suitably used in a thermal storage device, the thermal storage device having an efficient hot air flow, and a thermal storage system having such a thermal storage device.SOLUTION: A heating device for heating a gas flow has two electrical connection elements (43) for connection to a power source, and at least one heating plate unit having an inlet side and an outlet side. The heating plate unit includes a plurality of heating plate strips (45, 46) located in the gas flow and having a first end region and a second end region, respectively, and the adjacent heating plate strips (45, 46) are connected to each other in the first and second end regions respectively via conductive spacer structures (47).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heating device for heating a gas stream, a heating system for a gas stream, a heat storage device and a heat storage system comprising a heat storage device of this type. [Background technology]

[0002] In practice, thermal storage devices are used to store thermal energy, e.g. In the known heat storage device, the heat storage medium is a filler material. The hot air is stored in a storage space arranged in the form of a heat storage (Bela The hot air flows through the heat storage medium for the purpose of heating the air, for example, in an electrically operated heating device. Therefore, it is preheated to the required temperature. For this purpose, extra electrical energy is used However, the efficiency of such heating devices does not meet the highest requirements. In order to dissipate heat, the hot air or surrounding air is passed through a heat storage device. This air is heated in the thermal storage device and is then delivered to the consumer in a heated form. , for example to the boiler of a turbine. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a heating device for heating a gas stream with high thermal performance and a heat storage device. A gas flow heating system that can be suitably used, a heat storage device with an efficient hot air flow, and and a heat storage system including a heat storage device of the type. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a heating device having the features of claim 1 and a heating device having the features of claim 10. a heating system having the features of claim 30 and a heat storage device having the features of claim 44 This is achieved by a thermal storage system.

[0005] According to the invention, a heating device for heating a gas flow is proposed. two electrical connection elements for connection to a source, and at least one having an inlet side and an outlet side; and a heating plate unit, the heating plate unit being disposed in the gas flow. a plurality of heating plate strips each having a first end region and a second end region; the adjacent heating plate strips are connected to the first end via a conductive spacer structure. The first end region and the second end region are connected to each other.

[0006] The heating device according to the invention can therefore be placed side by side or stacked. and these are used to create heating plate units or heating plate groups. a plurality of heating plate strips joined together at end regions of the The heating plate strips of the heating plate group are electrically In the sense, they are connected in parallel (parallel geschaltet).

[0007] In this case, the term "heating plate strip" should be understood as a whole and The elongated metal plates are connected to each other at their end regions via an electrical spacer structure. The term refers to a conductive ceramic layer and an elongated conductive ceramic layer.

[0008] The heating plate strips of the heating plate unit transfer heat between the heating device and the gas flow. This provides a large total cross section through which the gas can flow. Due to the parallel orientation of the heating plates to the flow direction, large flow velocities are possible, while As a result, a favorable low material temperature is achieved with simultaneously high thermal performance. While in operation, plate strips are obtained.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the heating device according to the present invention, the heating plate of the heating plate unit The strips are arranged in alternating structured and flat configurations. The heating plate has a corrugated structure and is flat. Together with the lip, they form a type of honeycomb structure, through which the gas flows. The heating plate unit may be a corrugated or flat heating plate strip. It is also possible to provide

[0010] Further, the corrugated heating plate strip is positioned between at least one adjacent flat heating plate. If the heater plate unit is supported by the top of its corrugations on the support strip, This is advantageous due to the inherent stability of the sintered body.

[0011] The heating plate strip has a smooth or even finely structured surface. Good too.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the spacer structure of the heating device according to the present invention is The lining plates are arranged between the lining strips and connected to each other. The heating plate is made up of at least flat heating plate strips oriented parallel to each other. This serves to separate the end regions of adjacent heating plate strips from each other. A distance plate is formed to hold the

[0013] The end regions of the structured, in this case especially corrugated, heating plate strips are flat The lining plate is oriented parallel to the end region of the heating plate strip. The heating plate strip and the lining have a thickness that substantially corresponds to the amplitude of the corrugation. The connections between the plates can be made according to conventional connection methods, for example, by heating presses. The base strip and the lining plate are in each case mutually adjacent in the two end regions. In some cases, the parts are welded, soldered, and / or riveted.

[0014] A preferred embodiment of the heating device according to the invention, which can provide a large flow cross section, preferably comprises: At least two heated plates with a ceramic electrically insulating partition between them Preferably, two or more, for example six, heating plate units are provided. and can be connected in series in a serpentine fashion.

[0015] The two heating plate units are preferably switched in series, but may also be switched in parallel. Furthermore, the two heating plate units are preferably connected to each other via a contact plate. The contact plates are in particular connected to the interconnected heating plate units. The front of the

[0016] The contact plate connecting two adjacent heating plate stacks to each other preferably comprises: It is welded or soldered to the heater plate stack.

[0017] The adjacently arranged heating plate units in the heating device are preferably constructed identically. The components are essentially rectangular components that are snaked behind each other. The heating plate units are also arranged in a predetermined manner to accommodate thermal expansion. The entire structure can be bent slightly in one direction to allow for at least some It has a roughly rectangular base surface, one side of which is slightly curved inwards and the other side of which is , slightly bent outward.

[0018] Electrically insulating partitions are made of high-temperature resistant materials, especially ceramic ones. For example: , it is made of fiber-reinforced ceramic or ceramic texture, plate or is formed as a perforated plate.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the partition is made of a cordierite-based ceramic material. It is made with ingredients.

[0020] The partitions provide a serpentine circuit path through the series-switched heating plate units. It works to ensure.

[0021] The connecting elements of the heating device according to the invention are also preferably electrically conductive plates or sheets, respectively. In particular, in this case they are made to connect two heating plate units to each other. The contact plate may be aligned with the contact plate.

[0022] The heating device according to the present invention can be connected to a DC or AC voltage source, and can be used in the range of 100V to 10kV. It can be operated in the low or medium voltage range, with 12V AC or 1.5kV DC.

[0023] According to claim 10, the subject of the invention is a heating system for a gas flow, wherein said heating The thermal system includes an inlet side, an outlet side, and a heating assembly, the heating assembly including: , including at least one heating unit, the heating unit being perpendicular to the gas flow a heating device having an inlet base surface and a gas flow passage on which the heating device is disposed and which is permeable to the gas flow; and at least one mounting element that is permeable, and the gas flow is The gas flow may flow from the heating device through the mounting element to the base surface. It can flow.

[0024] According to the present invention, the heating system for this purpose comprises a heating device and at least one heating element on which the heating device is arranged. and at least one heating unit including at least one mounting element. , defining a flow cross section of the gas flow, and the gas flow is heated by its base surface using a heating device. The mounting element serves as a support for the heating device.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the mounting element of the heating unit is electrically It is made of insulating and heat-resistant material, especially ceramic material. The material allows the gas flow to pass through. For example, the mounting elements forming the support matrix may have a honeycomb structure. ceramic moulded bricks, ceramic rods, plates, perforated plates or open structures In particular, for manufacturing mounting elements, components of different shapes having Fiber-reinforced ceramics can be inserted. Combinations of different materials can be used to manufacture the mounting element. Combinations are also possible.

[0026] In a particular embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the mounting element is made of cordierite-based The honeycomb is preferably square in the flow direction. Or has a rectangular cross section.

[0027] Preferably, the mounting element is a stationary element for the heating device, corresponding to the inlet base surface of the heating device. It has a surface.

[0028] To reduce the occurrence of bypass currents, in a specific embodiment, the mounting element includes: A side wall is provided, and the side wall laterally divides the heating device and provides airflow at least laterally. It is meticulously realized.

[0029] In a subject embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the side walls are made integral with the mounting element. However, the side walls are separate components that are inserted into the bottom plate of the mounting element. It is also possible to represent an element.

[0030] In heating systems offering large flow cross sections, several heating units can advantageously be are positioned next to each other in the heating assembly. As a result, the heating assembly , arranged next to each other and advantageously electrically connected to each other, for example in series or even in parallel. It includes several mounting elements and several heating devices that are connected to it.

[0031] Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment of the heating system according to the invention comprises several heating elements stacked on top of each other. The heater includes at least two layers of the heating unit, which form a stack heater. In a specific embodiment, the performance of the heater is determined by the ON / OFF switch of the individual heaters. The FF can be adapted to change the gas volume current, and the large thermal performance can be achieved by It can be realized even for limited flow cross sections of the thermal system.

[0032] In particular, heating assemblies realised as stack heaters can be used for temperatures up to 1,000°C or above. Very high air outlet temperatures, possibly even higher than this, can be achieved.

[0033] In stacked heating units, the side walls provided with the mounting elements are simultaneously Spacer structures between elements.

[0034] Integral with mounting elements or with separate ceramic or separately realized component elements The sidewalls thus formed create a defined chamber for the heating device, thus means that it is safely positioned in a high-speed gas flow. The chamber for the heating device is connected by a subsequent heating unit or rather by its mounting element. , separated from the top. The top heating unit layer can be passed through and a cover forming the upper side and preferably also made of at least one molded brick; The moulded bricks may have a square or rectangular perimeter. or in particular honeycomb structures with square or even hexagonal channel cross sections. The cover can be made of ceramic rods, ceramic plates, perforated plates or It is composed of other gas-permeable components, in particular made of fiber-reinforced ceramics. It is also possible that this could happen.

[0035] Individual layers of the heating assembly or individual layers of the support matrix formed by the mounting elements In order to secure the mounting elements against undesired relative displacement, the contact surfaces between the mounting elements may be provided with, for example, adjacent Each mounting element is provided with a mounting safeguard formed by a protrusion that engages in a recess in the mating mounting element. For example, the protrusions are formed as ribs or knobs, The corresponding recesses are formed as depressions or grooves.

[0036] The side walls on which the mounting elements are provided also suppress bypass currents on the side of the inlet base surface of the heating device. For this purpose, the side walls are preferably formed gastight in the flow direction. To prevent this, the container is sealed with ceramic paper or the like.

[0037] In another specific embodiment, the heating system of the present invention includes a heating assembly disposed For example, the carrier structure may include a ceramic and / or metal carrier structure. The carrier structure includes a grid on which the assemblies are placed. The carrier structure includes at least one molded brick, at least At least one insulating fire brick and / or ceramic or metal filler, preferably at least It is also conceivable that both the honeycomb moulded brick and the honeycomb moulded brick may be included. The carrier structure may be passed by a gas flow.

[0038] To ensure an even gas flow across the free cross section of the heating assembly, the carrier structure , may include static and / or configurable throttle elements. Static throttle elements may include, for example, For example, a perforated plate.

[0039] In order to shield the heating assembly from the environment, the heating system according to the invention preferably comprises: The heating assembly is disposed in a heating channel. The flannel may be formed of tubes or rectangular channels, among others, and may have internal insulation.

[0040] To allow for maintenance of the heating assembly, the receiving channel is provided with a removable It may have a lateral opening that is closed by a lid element.

[0041] Furthermore, the heating system according to the present invention may include a throttle device and a It may be advantageous to have a blocking device to regulate the gas flow. It is formed in particular by a valve and / or a shutter.

[0042] The heating device of the heating system according to the invention is preferably formed by a heating device as described above. It has been completed.

[0043] Furthermore, the heating system according to the invention comprises a temperature measuring element, the gas outlet temperature of which can be adjusted, The temperature measuring element is preferably electrically isolated from the heating assembly. the minimum distance to the heating assembly and the temperature of the gas stream is This means that it can be measured after leaving the yellowtail.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature measuring element comprises a thermal element, or rather a jacketed tube. The measuring tip is located in the flow direction on the cover of the heating system. The gas is measured by a circular, hexagonal, square or rectangular measuring channel. The temperature of the stream can be determined without any associated dead time. For example, the temperature measuring element Additionally or alternatively, the temperature measuring element is located in a horizontal bore of the mounting element. It may be disposed on the bottom plate.

[0045] The temperature of the outlet gas stream may be adjusted in different ways. However, a constant electric For thermal performance, the gas flow through the heating assembly is preferably controlled to minimize the gap between the target and the actual temperature. The slots at the channel inlet and / or outlet are adjusted according to the deviation measured at the outlet. The fan speed is throttled or increased by the throttle element. The type of regulation is specifically for steady-state operation with constant thermal performance. Suitable for operation.

[0046] In unsteady operating conditions, for example in a heating process or when gases flow into a heating system In varying the inlet temperature of the flow, the gas outlet temperature is controlled, for example, by a thyristor. or switching on or off individual heating units or groups of heating units The electrical and thermal performance may be adjusted by adjusting the

[0047] Furthermore, the heating system may be any of the above types, each realized as a stack heater. The heating assembly may include several heating assemblies, which may be located next to each other, behind each other, and The power supply may be supplied using multi-phase current, and individual Each heating assembly is controlled in a targeted manner and switched on as needed. It can be done.

[0048] A thermal storage device is also the subject of the present invention. This thermal storage device is a thermal storage device for storing thermal energy. a container including an interior having a storage space in which the means is disposed, the container configured such that the gas flow is directed to the interior and a second opening through which the gas flow can be dissipated. The heat storage device includes a heating space in which a heating system is arranged, through which the gas flow can flow. The space is connected to the storage space for the heat storage means through the internal open volume. Both the heating space and the storage space are located in the container.

[0049] The thermal storage device according to the invention comprises a heating system in which the gas flow can be heated and the thermal energy The heat storage means in which the heat can be stored are consequently located in different areas inside the container. Between the heating system and the heat storage means or rather through the two units, the heating system An open volume is formed through which the heated gas stream can flow to the heat storage means. The gas heated by the heating system flows evenly through the entire cross section of the heat storage means and a gas distribution chamber of the thermal storage device, which ensures that heat is transferred to the gas storage device;

[0050] The heat storage device according to the present invention is suitable for use in a wind power plant or a solar power generation system, where the temperature is highly variable. Excess electrical energy from renewable sources or other connected power grids can be transferred to high temperature reactors. This may be used to efficiently store energy in the form of heat. The heat stored in the heat storage means of the heat storage device can be used for, for example, a steam process. If necessary, we will provide the necessary information through the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) and other means. It may later be converted into electricity and thus used for different processes (industrial heating, drying, etc. ) Furthermore, the heat storage device may output the heat storage status of the heat storage means for the downstream process. independently, for continuous conversion of electrical energy into heat at high temperature levels, e.g. in factories It may also be used to provide heat.

[0051] Generally, the heat storage device according to the invention simultaneously stores in the form of heat or converted electrical energy. A storage reservoir for thermal energy that can dissipate energy into the gas flow at a time offset compared to Represents the vessel.

[0052] The heating system is located in the vessel without any additional casing or insulation, so the entire system Minimization of the thermal inertia of the system can be achieved.

[0053] Furthermore, a heating chamber, in particular formed as a heating channel and in which an electric heating system is arranged, The thermosiphon is formed between the two parts. The location of the heat storage device causes little heat loss due to its placement in the container compared to the thermally favorable placement of possibly required block and throttle elements in Make it possible.

[0054] In an advantageous embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, the heating space in which the electric heating system is arranged is is separated from the receiving space for the heat storage means by a partition. Thus, the heating space is disposed in a defined area inside the container.

[0055] In order to ensure efficient gas flow through the heat storage means, a preferred embodiment of the heat storage device according to the present invention is In the present invention, the heat storage means is arranged on a carrier structure, for example the carrier structure is attached to the wall of the container. It is a lattice structure that is fixed to the bottom of the container or attached to the bottom of the container like a table.

[0056] A hot air opening is connected to the container to receive the gas flow after storing heat in the heat storage means. The distribution space is located below the carrier structure. In particular, the hot air opening is located below the second opening of the container. It is the mouth part.

[0057] A particularly efficient heat storage and release process is achieved when the heat storage device according to the invention is placed above the heat storage means. For example, the heat accumulator may have additional heat dissipation openings. The hot air and / or ambient air (in open systems) is introduced through the hot air openings, and the heat storage means As the warm gas flow is guided through the The air flows out of the heat storage device through the heat dissipation opening.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, the heat storage means is preferably a gas flowable and Preferably, the wall complex comprises molded bricks. For example, each molded brick may be square or In turn, a honeycomb structure having vertical channels each having a hexagonal cross section is obtained. ,include.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment, the heat storage means may be in addition to or instead of the moulded bricks: It is also contemplated that the material may include a filler or the like of a suitable material.

[0060] In order to be able to replace or maintain the heating system, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention The heat storage device according to the present invention comprises a maintenance opening which is closed by a removable wall element.

[0061] The maintenance opening of the thermal storage device is preferably a heating channel in which the electric heating system is located. It leads directly to.

[0062] The heating channel in which the electric heating system is arranged preferably has at least one It has an almost rectangular cross section, to which an electric heating system can be easily adapted.

[0063] A particularly efficient distribution of the gas flow across the cross section of the heat storage means is achieved when the electric heating system is arranged The heating space has an outlet opening that is located at the same level as the upper side of the heat storage means, and the open volume is , can be achieved when placed on the heat storage means.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, an electric heating system is arranged in the heating space. The system comprises a resistance heater and, in particular, a mounting element and a heating unit according to the heating system described above. As a result, the heating system is This can be realized in the following manner.

[0065] A thermal storage system is also the subject of the invention, comprising a thermal storage device of the type described above, and a pipe assembly connected to the thermal storage device. The heat stored in the heat storage unit can be supplied in the form of hot air through a pipe assembly. For example, a consumer can be a heat exchanger (e.g., a steam generator) in a power plant. Electricity can be generated by a turbine and generator using the heat stored in the thermal storage device. do.

[0066] To be able to guide the gas flow through the thermal storage device, the thermal storage system preferably comprises: a fan that can be set in terms of rotational speed and that is disposed in the pipe assembly; is preferred.

[0067] Furthermore, the pipe assembly is preferably connected to two openings of the heat storage device. The heat storage device includes a circuit, which allows hot air to be introduced through an opening. The air is heated in the heating system and then discharged as hot air through the second opening into the heat storage device. After flowing through the internal open volume, the heat storage means It can dissipate heat.

[0068] Preferably, the pipe assembly includes a valve and a valve for controlling gas flow through the thermal storage device. A shutter is included.

[0069] Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are set forth in the description, drawings and claims. can be derived from

[0070] Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the present invention are illustrated in a schematic and simplified manner in the drawings and will be described below. This is explained in more detail in the description of [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0071] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of a heat storage device. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a top view of the cross section of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the heat storage device taken along line III-III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a thermal storage device. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 shows a top view of the cross section of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the heat storage device according to FIG. 5 taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows a heating system for the heat storage device according to FIGS. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a variant of the support matrix of the heating system. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows a heating unit of the heating system according to FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 shows a top view of a variant of the heating device of a heating unit of the type shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows an enlarged view of region XI in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of region XII in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a thermal storage device during thermal storage operation. [Figure 14]FIG. 14 shows the heat dissipation operation of the heat storage device according to FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 shows the heating operation without the storage process of the heat storage device according to FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows the heating operation by the heat storage process of the heat storage device according to FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 shows the heating operation of the heat storage device according to FIG. 13 by the simultaneous heat dissipation process. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 shows a schematic concept of a thermal storage system with consumers in thermal storage mode. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 shows the heat storage system according to FIG. 18 in heat release mode. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 shows the thermal storage system according to FIG. 18 in heating mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0072] Figures 1-3 show that the energy consumption of highly fluctuating renewable energy sources such as wind power plants or solar power generation systems is The transfer of excess electrical energy from a source or from a connected power grid into the form of high-temperature heat A thermal storage device 1 is shown that stores heat in a stable state and can therefore be used to stabilize the power grid. The stored heat is used as needed through the steam process, ORC process, etc. and can later be converted into electricity, or indirectly in the form of steam, or other industrial or It can be dissipated directly in the form of hot gas for the supply process. The device 1 can generate hot air at a high temperature level by using electrical energy, and The gas can be used in connected power plants or industrial processes.

[0073] The heat storage device 1, in the broadest sense, is a device that is vertically arranged between a container lid 4 and a container bottom 5 and has four It comprises a cubic container 2 having an interior 3 formed therein, extending laterally between side walls 6 .

[0074] The vessel 2 has a heat storage opening 7 in a side wall 6 near the vessel bottom 5 and an inlet opening 7 in another side wall 6 near the vessel bottom 5. The storage compartments 10 are provided with an outlet opening 8 and a heat dissipation opening 9 in their side walls 6 adjacent to the container lid 4. The heat openings 7, the inlet / outlet openings 8, and the heat dissipation openings 9 are connected to the pipes of the tube system. It is sustainable.

[0075] Furthermore, the side wall 6 in which the heat storage openings 7 are formed is provided with a removable wall element 11 for ventilation. A service opening 10, which can be tightly closed, is formed in the vertically central area.

[0076] On the inside, the side wall 6, the container lid 4 and the container bottom 5 are each provided with a high temperature resistant insulating layer 12. It is being done.

[0077] The interior 3 of the container 2 is substantially rectangular in shape. A vertical partition 13 is arranged in the bottom 5 of the container and separates the interior 3 The partition 13 abuts the side wall 6 with its short legs, and is A mouth 10 is formed in the side wall 6 .

[0078] Away from the vessel bottom 5 and above the heat storage openings 7 and the inlet / outlet openings 8, the interior 3 is filled with water It has a flat direction and is fixed to the side wall 6 and the partition 13 and / or the legs 22 The container bottom 5 is supported by a lattice structure 14. The lattice structure 14 is Forming a tractor or carrier construction.

[0079] The partition 13 separates the storage space 15 from the heating space 16 of the interior 3. 15 each have a square layout and a honeycomb structure, and The honeycombs form channels extending vertically and / or upwardly in the heat storage device 1. It receives a heat storage means 17, which consists of kneaded ceramic moulded bricks.

[0080] In an alternative embodiment, the heat storage means 17 may be made of a filler material or the like.

[0081] The molded bricks 18 are inserted from the lattice structure 14 onto the partition 13 as shown in FIG. It extends almost to the edge and reaches the periphery of the partition 13 on three sides thereof.

[0082] The heating space 16 forms a heating channel, and the heating channel is connected to the lattice structure 14. The bricks are separated at the bottom by a stack of molding bricks 19 which act as a carrier structure. The molded bricks 19 also have a honeycomb structure and are placed in the storage space 15. The stack of molded bricks 19 corresponds to the stack of molded bricks 18 arranged in the storage space 15. The molded bricks 19 have a structural height shorter than that of the molded bricks 18. A heating assembly 20 representing a wind heating device is arranged, and via a connection 21, a wind-powered connected to a power source such as a power station, solar power system and / or power grid. The upper side of the assembly 20 is approximately aligned with the upper side of the heat storage means 17 in the storage space 15. .

[0083] As mentioned above, the maintenance opening 10 can be closed by a removable wall element 11 The wall element 11 has an insulating plug on its inside.

[0084] The storage space 15 and the heating space 16 are connected to each other via an open volume 24 of the interior 3. The open volume 24 is located above the heating space 16 in which the heating system is installed or above the space filled with heat storage means 17. It is located above the filled storage space 15 and forms a gas distribution space.

[0085] Below the heating space 16, i.e. below the lattice structure 14, gas flows through the heat storage openings 7 into the heating space 16. A gas distribution space 25 is arranged in which the heat storage means 17 can flow into the gas distribution space 25. Below the space 15 there is arranged a gas distribution space 25 connected to the inlet / outlet openings 8 .

[0086] 4-6 show an alternative embodiment and are largely the same as the thermal storage device shown in FIGS. 1-3. A corresponding heat storage device 1' is shown, in which the container 2 is offset outwards, on the side of the maintenance opening 10. 1. It differs in that it includes a side wall 6' having a recessed ledge 23. A partition 13' separating the heating space 16 from the storage space 15 is flush with the inside of the side wall 6'. It is possible to have a straight line.

[0087] In all other respects, the heat storage device 1' corresponds to the heat storage device of FIGS. 1 to 3, for reasons Reference is made to that description.

[0088] In FIG. 7, a heating assembly of the heating system arranged in the heating space 16 of the heat storage device described above. At its bottom, the heating assembly 20 includes a carrier structure. Each of the honeycomb structures has a channel formed by the honeycomb. There are two successive rows of six moulded bricks 26 through which the moulds can be passed vertically. The molded bricks 26 are cordierite-based ceramic molded bricks. A molded inlet 261 having a generally inverted U-shaped cross section and representing the static throttle element. The bricks 26 are fitted with several adjacent heating units 28, each consisting of six in this example. On the upper side, the heating assembly 20 forms a cover 29. The adjacent molded bricks 30 are separated by layers, and the molded bricks 30 are also honeycomb The honeycomb has a structure in which the channels formed by the honeycomb are vertically oriented and Additionally, the heating assembly 20 may be connected to a power source or power grid. The connector includes two connecting contacts 31 and 32.

[0089] The heating units 28 are generally assembled from identical parts, each having two attachments. The mounting element 33 includes a heating device 34. The mounting element 33 is cordierite-based and honeycomb-shaped. The individual bricks of the mounting element 33 are made of ceramic moulded bricks with a structure. The nicks each form a vertically extending channel, each of which is rectangularly shaped. Furthermore, the mounting elements 33 each have a precise mating reception of a heating device 34. This means that a bottom plate 35 and two side walls 36 are formed which define a receiving space for the On the underside, the bottom plate 35 of the mounting element 33 has a substantially U-shaped cross section. Each has a recess 37 in the region of its lateral edge, the recess 37 having a rectangular cross section. The upper side of the corresponding side wall 36 of the mounting element 33 engages in the recess 37 when stacked. Thus, the correct positioning of the upper mounting element 33 is ensured. The ribs engage recesses 37 in the underlying layer of the heating unit 28 .

[0090] In the variant shown in FIG. 9, the side walls 36 and the bottom plate 35 of the mounting element 33 are made in one piece. In the variant shown in FIG. 8, the side walls 36 are each inserted into the bottom plate. Furthermore, adjacent mounting elements each share a side wall. That is, the side wall straddles adjacent bottom plates 35 .

[0091] To prevent the passage of the side wall 36 and thus the bypass gas flow, the side wall 36 has an upper A seal 38 is provided on the surface of the cover 32, and the seal 38 is made of, for example, ceramic paper. (See Figure 8.)

[0092] The heating devices 34 of the heating units 28 are substantially identical in construction and have inlet base surfaces The inlet base surface is in this case the side wall 36 of two successive mounting elements 33. When installed, the heating device 34 is attached to these two mounting elements 33. 9 to 11, the heating device 34 is placed on the bottom plate 35. Six heating plate units 39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, 39C, 39D are connected in series. For this purpose, the heating plate units 39A and 39B, the heating plate units 39E and 39F are included. Heating plate units 39B and 39C, heating plate units 39C and 39D, heating plate The heating units 39D and 39E, and the heating plate units 39E and 39F are in each case and are connected to each other via a contact sheet 40 disposed in front of the corresponding heating device 34. Between adjacent heating plate units, in each case, there is an electrically insulating material, e.g. Partitions 41 made of ceramic material are arranged, and adjacent contacts The heating device 34 ensures electrical insulation between the plates 40. The mounting element 33 includes a side wall 42 that touches or abuts against a corresponding side wall 36 of the mounting element 33. To establish effective contact, the heating device 34 has a first connector 43 and a second connector 44. The connectors 43 and 44 are disposed on the corresponding front surfaces of the heating device 34. The connector 43 is made of a plate part that is aligned with the contact plate 40. The connector 44 is electrically connected to the front surface of the heat plate 39A. It is electrically connected to the front of the unit 39F.

[0093] The individual heating plate units 39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, 39E, and 39F are Each includes a plurality of heating plate strips 45, 46.

[0094] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, a corrugated heating plate strip 45 and a flat heating plate The heat strips 46 are arranged alternately and continuously in the stacking direction, and are wavy heating strips. The plate strips 45 are connected to adjacent flat heating plate strips 46 by their waves. The outer corrugated heating plate strips 45 are supported by the top of the corrugated It is also supported by the partition 41 or the corresponding side wall 42 .

[0095] In their end regions, the heating plate strips 45, 46 are parallel to one another and are connected to each other via a spacer structure 47 and correspond to the connectors 43 and 44. It also establishes contact between the thermal plate stack and / or the corresponding contact plate 40. The support structures 47 are disposed between the parallel end regions of adjacent heating plate strips and are Lining plates 48 realized as space elements, welded or soldered to the The lining plates 48 are each formed by the corrugations of the corrugated heating plate strips 45. The thickness corresponds to the amplitude of the shape.

[0096] The corrugations of the heater plate strips 45 provide a large area for the gas flow through the heater 34. A honeycomb structure is formed that provides a large inlet surface.

[0097] In an alternative embodiment, some lining plates are adjacent to the heating plate strip. The spacer structure may be disposed between the lip and the end region of the heating plate strip. It is also conceivable that the structure may be realized as a comb structure into which a

[0098] Furthermore, in the variants shown in Figures 9 to 12, the heating plate stack is provided with a corrugated heating plate. Only the corrugated heating plate strips are provided. and electrically conductive spacer structures, such as a lining plate, which are connected to each other at their two end regions. are connected to the respective

[0099] The heating devices of the heating unit may be configured in different layers 27 of the heating assembly 20. It is generally contemplated that the honeycomb channels may have different heights and / or different honeycomb channel shapes. In this embodiment, the heating devices 34 of the layer 27 of the heating assembly 20 are connected via a contact plate 49. It is certainly conceivable to switch the heating devices 34 in parallel. Furthermore, in the embodiment at hand, successive layers are connected in parallel pairs via contact strips 50. In general, the heating device 34 can be wired in any manner desired.

[0100] To be able to determine the temperature of the gas stream heated by the heating assembly 20 To achieve this, the heating element 51 is placed in the cover 29 in the lateral bore of the molding brick 30. .

[0101] In Figures 13 to 17, a heat storage device 60 is shown which corresponds in large part to the heat storage device in Figures 1 to 3. However, the heating space 16 forming the heating channel is provided with a laminated heater of the type described above. In fact, the resistive heating element 61 is not engaged with the heating space 16. The heating element 61 is made of a heating coil or the like and is connected to a power grid via a connection area 62. In all other respects, the thermal storage device 60 is similar to the thermal storage devices of FIGS. The reasons for this are given in the explanation.

[0102] According to the heat storage device 1, 1', the heat storage device 60 is operated by the corresponding valve in the heat storage operation. The gas flow consisting of hot air is introduced through the heat storage opening 7 during the heat storage operation. As can be seen in Figure 13, this gas flow is introduced into the heating space 16 from above. and through the gas distribution space 24, which is heated by the resistive heating element 61 and forms an open volume. , is guided through a heat storage means 17 made of cast bricks 19. The bricks 19 store heat, i.e. are heated. The cooled gas flow is then directed to the gas distribution space 25 and the inlet / outlet openings 8 from the heat storage device 60 .

[0103] During the heat dissipation operation shown in FIG. 14, a gas flow consisting of hot air enters the storage chamber through the inlet / outlet opening 8. The gas is introduced into the thermal device through a heat storage means 17 formed by molding bricks 19. The gas flow is guided from bottom to top through the gas distribution space 25 and heated. This is transferred from the heat storage device via the upper gas distribution space 24 and the heat release opening 9 for further use. It is dissipated from the

[0104] FIG. 15 shows the heating operation without heat storage for the heat storage device 60. During this operation, The hot gas flow is introduced into the heat storage device through the heat storage opening 7 and is heated by the resistance heating element 61. Therefore, the heating space 16 is heated, and then the upper gas distribution space 24 and the heat dissipation opening 9 are The hot air is dissipated from the heat storage device 60 via the refrigerant.

[0105] According to FIG. 16, the heat storage device 60 described is such that the hot gas flow is stored through the heat storage openings 7. It is operated so that it can be introduced into the thermal device and heated by the resistive heating element 61. The obtained hot gas flow is diverted to the upper gas distribution space 24, while the heat dissipation opening On the other hand, the heat is dissipated from the heat storage device 60 through the section 9, and on the other hand, the heat storage device 60 is made of the molded bricks 19. The means 17 is guided therethrough for storing heat, and then the lower gas distribution space 25 and and the heat is dissipated from the heat storage device via the inlet / outlet openings 8 .

[0106] During another mode of operation shown in FIG. 17, the thermal storage device 60 is configured such that the hot gas flow is In this case, the heat is introduced through the heat storage opening 7 and the inlet / outlet opening 8. The gas flow introduced through the heat storage opening 7 is guided vertically upward in the heating space 16. and heated by a resistive heating element 61, and the upper gas distribution space 24 and the heat dissipation opening The hot gas flow introduced through the inlet / outlet opening 8 is then dissipated through the heat storage section 9. The heat is guided through the heat storage means 17 and heated there via a heat exchanger. It is also dissipated from the heat storage device via the gas distribution space 24 and then via the heat dissipation opening 9. .

[0107] The described operating modes can also be reliably realized by the heat storage device of FIGS.

[0108] 18 to 20 show the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 or the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 17. 1 shows a thermal storage system 70 including a thermal storage device 71 realized by either of the above. Furthermore, the heat storage system 70 is connected to a consumer 73, which may be realized as a steam generator of a power plant, for example. The pipe assembly 72 is connected to the heat storage device 71. The heat storage device 71 includes a pipe 74 that connects the heat dissipation opening 9 of the heat storage device 71 to the inlet 75 of the consumer device 73. The heat storage opening 7 is connected to the pipe 76 of the pipe assembly 72, and the heat storage device 71 The inlet / outlet openings 8 of the consumer are connected to the pipes 77 of the pipe assembly 72. The outlet 78 of the vessel 73 is then connected to the heat storage opening 7 of the heat storage device 71 via a pipe 76. It is connected to a pipe 79 leading to a fan 80. Downstream of the fan 80, a branch pipe 81 The branch pipe 81 is branched from the pipe 76, and the branch pipe 81 is connected to the pipe 77. Upstream of the pipe 80, a branch pipe 82 branching off from the pipe 76 is also connected to the pipe 77. There are.

[0109] In order to be able to switch the thermal storage system 70 into different operating modes, The valve 83 is disposed in the pipe 76, and the valve 84 is disposed in the branch pipe 81. The valve 85 is disposed in the branch pipe 82, and the valve 86 is disposed at the branch of the branch pipe 82. Instead of or in addition to the valve, Other suitable locking armatures may be used, such as claps or the like.

[0110] Furthermore, the thermal storage device 71 can be powered by a power grid, a solar power system or a wind power plant. The power supply 87 is connected to a switch 88. During the heat storage operation in which the heat is converted into heat and stored in the heat storage means 17 of the heat storage device 71, the valve 8 When the heat storage opening 7 is open, the hot gas flow is directed by the fan 80 to the heat storage device. The heater assembly 71 is introduced into the heating space 16 from below. The switch 88 is closed and the heater assembly This means that the gas flow is heated in the heating space 16. The gas is guided through the upper gas distribution space 24 into the storage space 15 and is formed from above by the heat storage means 17. The heat is then guided downward through the heat storage bed, where it is released and stored. The hot gas stream is then dissipated from the thermal storage device 71 through the inlet / outlet openings 8. The air is guided to the fan 80 via the pipe 77 and the branch pipe 82. During this heat storage mode, the valves 84 and 86 are is closed.

[0111] During the heat sink mode shown in FIG. 19, valves 84 and 86 are open and valves 83 and 85 are The fan 80 blows hot air through the branch pipe 81, the pipe 77 and the inlet / outlet opening. The heat storage device 71 is introduced through the opening 8 and is formed by the heat storage means 17. The resulting hot gas flow is then passed through the heat dissipation opening 9 from above into the heat storage device. 71 and is made available to consumers 73 via pipes 74. The hot air can then be supplied to the heat storage device 71 by the fan 80 in the manner described above. do.

[0112] During the simple heating operation shown in FIG. 20, valves 84 and 85 are closed, while valve 83 , 86 is opened. The hot air is introduced into the heating space 16 of the heat storage device 71 by the fan 80. The resulting hot gas flow is drawn from the heat storage device 71 through the heat release opening 9. The refrigerant is then supplied to the consumer 73 via a pipe 74. 73 is guided to the fan 80 via a pipe 79 and to the heat storage device 71 as described above. A hot gas stream may be emitted.

[0113] An embodiment of the thermal storage system not shown in the figures is one in which the air leaving the consumer appliance is entirely or partially It can be realized as a partially open system that can be partially vented to the environment. On the other hand, when heat is dissipated in the heat storage device, a corresponding amount of ambient air is sucked in. In this respect, this embodiment corresponds to the embodiment described above. [Explanation of symbols]

[0114] 1,1' Heat storage device 2 containers 3 inside 4 Container lid 5 Bottom of container 6 side wall 7 Heat storage opening 8 Inlet / outlet opening 9 Heat dissipation opening 10 Maintenance opening 11 Wall Elements 12 Insulating layer 13,13' Partition 14 Lattice structure 15 Storage Space 16 Heating space 17 Heat storage means 18 Molded Bricks 19 Molded Bricks 20 Thermal Assembly 21 Connection 22 legs 23 Ledge 24 Gas distribution space 25 Gas distribution space 26 Molded Bricks 27 layers 28 Heating Unit 29 Cover 30 Molded Bricks 31 Connection contacts 32 connection contacts 33 Mounting elements 34 Heating device 35 bottom plate 36 side wall 37 Recess 38 Seals 39A,B,C,D,E,F Heating plate unit 40 Contact Plate 41 Partition 42 Side wall 43 Connector 44 connectors 45 Heating Plate Strips 46 Heating Plate Strips 47 Spacer structure 48 Lining Plate 49 Contact Plate 50 contact strips 51 Heat Element 60 Heat storage device 61 Resistance Heating Element 62 Connection Area 70 Thermal storage system 71 Heat storage device 72 Pipe Assembly 73 Consumer equipment 74 Pipe 75 Entrance 76 Pipe 77 Pipe 78 Exit 79 Pipe 80 fans 81 Branch Pipe 82 Branch Pipe 83 Valve 84 Valve 85 Valve 86 Valve 87 Power supply 88 Switch 261 Perforated Plate

Claims

1. A heating system for a gas flow, comprising an inlet side, an outlet side, and a heating assembly (20), the heating assembly (20) including at least one heating unit (28), the heating unit (28) including a heating device (34) having an inlet base area perpendicular to the gas flow, and at least one mounting element (33) on which the heating device (34) is disposed and which is permeable to the gas flow, the gas flow can flow to the inlet base area of ​​the heating device (34) or can flow from the heating device (34) through the mounting element (33), and The mounting element (33) comprises a molded brick or a ceramic rod having a channel formed therein leading to the heating device (34). Heating system.

2. 2. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the mounting element (33) is made of an electrically insulating and heat-resistant material.

3. 3. Heating system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mounting element (33) has a support surface corresponding to the inlet base area of ​​the heating device.

4. 4. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the mounting element (33) comprises a side wall (36) that laterally separates the heating device (34) and is formed airtight.

5. 5. Heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that the side wall (36) is made integral with the mounting element (33).

6. 6. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heating assembly (20) comprises several heating units (28) next to each other.

7. 7. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heating assembly (20) comprises several heating units (28) stacked one on top of the other.

8. 8. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heating assembly (20) includes a cover (29) through which the gas flow can pass and which forms the upper side of the heating assembly (20) and which is made of cast bricks (30).

9. 9. The heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heating assembly (20) is arranged on a carrier structure.

10. The heating system of claim 9, wherein the carrier structure includes a lattice structure (14) on which the heating assembly (20) rests.

11. 11. Heating system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the carrier structure comprises an infill of at least one moulded brick (26) and / or at least one hexagonal moulded brick.

12. 12. Heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a heating channel in which the heating assembly (20) is arranged.

13. 13. The heating system of claim 12, wherein the heating channel has an internal insulation (12).

14. 14. The heating system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the heating channels are made of tubes or rectangular channels.

15. 15. Heating system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the heating channel has a lateral opening (10) closed by a removable wall element (11).

16. The heating device is two electrical connection elements (43, 44) for connection to a power source, and at least one heating plate unit (39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, 39E, 39F) having an inlet side and an outlet side; the heating plate units (39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, 39E, 39F) include a plurality of heating plate strips (45, 46) in the gas flow and each having a first end region and a second end region; Adjacent heating plate strips (45, 46) are connected to each other at the first end region and the second end region, respectively, via conductive spacer structures (47).

16. A heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The conductive spacer structure (47) includes a lining plate (48) disposed between and connecting adjacent heating plate strips (45, 46) to each other.

17. The heating system of claim 16.

Images