hatch

Abstract

To provide a hatch capable of suppressing bending near the center of a lid and causing no trouble in putting things in and out.SOLUTION: A hatch 1 includes: a lid 2 covering an opening 90, the lid 2 being configured with a tip lid 21 and a proximal lid 22 folded in the middle, and having a pair of wheels 23, 23 attached to both side edges 21a, 21b of the tip lid 21; rails 3, 3 arranged along both side edges 90a, 90b of the opening 90 and guiding the pair of wheels 23, 23 of the lid 2; opening / closing levers 4, 4 as opening / closing means for opening / closing the lid 2; and an anti-deflection mechanism 5 that supports the vicinity of the center of tip lid 21 from below.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a hatch for closing an opening. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, lids have been installed to close openings in structures. These lids must be opened when pulling out or lifting heavy objects. However, opening and closing large, heavy lids is dangerous and requires a license to operate.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a hatch whose lid can be manually erected and used as a safety fence. A hatch with this structure allows the opening to be opened and closed efficiently and safely by using a balance weight, which is a moment balance that uses the principle of a pendulum. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-256658 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] On the other hand, as the opening becomes larger, the deflection near the center increases, so a support member such as a highly rigid (tall) beam is required. However, when taking into account the need to put things in and take them out, installing a support member is difficult.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hatch that can suppress bending near the center of the lid and that does not interfere with putting things in and taking them out. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the hatch of the present invention comprises a lid portion that covers an opening, which is configured as a center-folding type with a tip lid portion and a base lid portion, and has a pair of wheels attached to both side edges of the tip lid portion, rails arranged along both side edges of the opening to guide the pair of wheels of the lid portion, opening and closing means for opening and closing the lid portion, and a deflection prevention mechanism that supports the tip lid portion near the center from below. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] In this way, the hatch of the present invention comprises a lid that covers an opening, which is configured to be hinged at the tip and base ends and has a pair of wheels attached to both side edges of the tip end, rails arranged along both side edges of the opening to guide the pair of wheels of the lid, opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid, and a deflection prevention mechanism that supports the center of the tip end of the lid from below. With this configuration, the deflection prevention mechanism suppresses deflection of the lid near the center, and the hatch can be folded up to allow for easy loading and unloading of items. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the hatch in a closed state. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a side view of the hatch in a closed state. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the hatch in an operating state (partway through). [Figure 4] This is a side view of the hatch in an operating state (partially). [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the hatch in the open state (completed). [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a side view of the hatch in the open state (completed). [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modified hatch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the components described in the following examples are merely examples and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. [Example]

[0011] (composition) First, the overall configuration of the hatch 1 of the present invention will be described using Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, the hatch 1 of the present invention comprises a lid 2 that covers an opening 90, which is configured as a center-folding type with a distal lid portion 21 and a proximal lid portion 22 and has a pair of wheels 23 attached to both side edges 21a, 21b of the distal lid portion 21, rails 3, 3 that are arranged along both side edges 90a, 90b of the opening 90 and guide the pair of wheels 23, 23 of the lid portion 2, opening / closing levers 4, 4 as opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid portion 2, and a deflection prevention mechanism 5 that supports the distal lid portion 21 near the center from below.

[0012] The lid portion 2 is composed of two metal plates, a distal lid portion 21 and a proximal lid portion 22, to cover the rectangular opening 90 so as to be able to open and close freely. An evenly distributed load acts on this lid portion 2 due to its own weight. Here, the "tip" refers to the side where the lid portion 2 is not retracted and is completely open when stored, and the "proximal end" refers to the side where the lid portion 2 is retracted when stored. The two lid portions 21, 22 are connected to each other by a hinge portion 20 so as to be bendable. Furthermore, the proximal end side of the proximal lid portion 22 is pin-connected (rotatably supported) to the proximal end side of the opening 90.

[0013] Two wheels 23, 23 are installed on the tip sides of both left and right side edges 21a, 21b of the tip lid part 21. Therefore, the lid part 2 is supported by these wheels 23, 23 during opening and closing operations, allowing it to be folded smoothly. Meanwhile, when the lid part 2 is in the closed state, both left and right side edges are supported by rails 3, 3.

[0014] The rails 3, 3 are formed, for example, from channel members (channel steel) and are arranged parallel to each other along both left and right side edges 90a, 90b of the opening 90. The rails 3, 3 guide the wheels 23, 23 supported on the tip lid portions 21, 21.

[0015] The opening / closing levers 4, 4 serving as opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid 2 are fixed to the left and right base ends of the base lid 22, along the side edges 22a, 22b of the base lid 22, in the same plane. That is, the opening / closing lever 4 extends from the base end of the base lid 22 to the tip end. Therefore, by manually pulling (raising) the tip end of the opening / closing lever 4 toward the user, the lid 2 can be pulled up (folded) with little force. Note that the opening / closing means does not have to be the manual opening / closing levers 4, 4 described here, but may be mechanically driven using power such as a motor or jack, or the manual opening / closing lever 4 may be supported by a machine.

[0016] The deflection prevention mechanism 5 is made up of a plurality of steel materials and supports the vicinity of the center of the tip lid portion 21 from below to prevent deflection (bending) of the lid portion 2. The deflection prevention mechanism 5 of this embodiment combines a deflection prevention function that supports the lid portion 2 from below to prevent (suppress) deflection, with a space-saving function that allows it to be stored compactly on the base end side when the opening 90 is open. Specifically, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 is made up of a V-shaped truss Tv that forms the outer frame, and an X-shaped truss Tx that is incorporated inside the V-shaped truss Tv.

[0017] More specifically, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 has a V-shaped truss Tv made up of a tip side member 61 and a base side member 62. Of these, a first end of the tip side member 61 is pin-connected to the vicinity of the center of the tip lid portion 21 of the lid portion 2, and a second end is pin-connected to a first end of the base side member 62. Furthermore, a first end of the base side member 62 is pin-connected to a second end of the tip side member 61, and the second end is pin-connected to the base end side of the opening.

[0018] Therefore, the tip-end member 61 and base-end member 62 of the V-shaped truss Tv form a V-shape as the outer frame of the deflection prevention mechanism 5. This V-shaped truss Tv has the function of maintaining the overall shape as well as the function of balancing the weight when transforming from a closed state to an open state.

[0019] A predetermined weight is added to the base-end member 62 of the V-shaped truss Tv of the deflection prevention mechanism 5 of this embodiment. This weight can be added, for example, by increasing the cross section of the member or by adding a separate weight. However, considering the width in the folded state, it is preferable that the height not be increased more than necessary.

[0020] The deflection prevention mechanism 5 also includes an X-shaped truss Tx made up of an intersecting first member 71 and second member 72. The first member 71 and the second member 72 are pin-connected to each other near their centers. Of these, a first end of the first member 71 is pin-connected to the tip-side member 61, and a second end is slidably abutted against the vicinity of the center of the base-end lid portion 22 of the lid portion 2. Furthermore, a vicinity of the first end of the second member 72 is pin-connected to the base-end member 62, and a second end is slidably abutted against the vicinity of a hinge portion installed between the tip-end lid portion 21 and the base-end lid portion 22 of the lid portion 2.

[0021] Therefore, the first member 71 and the second member 72 of the X-truss Tx form an intersecting X shape inside the V-truss Tv. This X-truss Tx has the function of supporting the lid 2 at two points midway and the function of forming a truss shape (triangle) inside to hold (maintain) the overall shape. That is, as will be explained next, by forming multiple triangles inside the X-truss Tx, the X-truss Tx and the V-truss Tv and lid 2 that surround it are held together.

[0022] The deflection prevention mechanism 5 has a structure in which the steel materials of the tip-side member 61 and the second member 72 act as a "cheek rest" to support the load on the compression side ("support"). The steel materials of the base-side member 62 and the first member 71 have a structure on the tension side that pulls in when opening and closing ("pulling in"). Furthermore, the weight of the steel materials of the base-side member 62 and the tip-side member 61 is a structure that serves as a weight when opening and closing ("weight when opening and closing"). In other words, the combination of the steel materials on the compression side and tension side can fulfill three roles: support the load of the "lid portion 2", pull in the "lid portion 2" when opening and closing, and serve as a weight that reduces the amount of manual effort required when opening and closing.

[0023] The first end of the second member 72 of the X-truss Tx abuts from below against a downward-facing receiving member 8 installed on the base end side of the opening 90. That is, the first end of the second member 72 of the X-truss Tx continues to extend after being pin-connected to the base end member 62, reaching the base end side of the opening 90. When the lid 2 is in the closed state, the first end of the second member 72 abuts against the receiving member 8 from below. On the other hand, when the lid 2 is in the open state, the first end of the second member 72 rotates clockwise in the drawing and moves away from the receiving member 8.

[0024] This receiving member 8 has the function of receiving the second member 72 of the X-truss Tx when it comes into contact with it from below. The receiving member 8 is formed, for example, by placing a buffer material such as rubber on the surface of a steel material. If the base end side of the opening 90 is a slab structure, the receiving member 8 is placed facing downward on the underside of the slab structure. In other words, if it is a slab structure, the receiving member 8 can be placed directly on the underside of the slab structure.

[0025] When the base end side of the opening 90 is a wall structure, the receiving member 8 is installed facing downward on the underside of a protrusion 81 installed so as to protrude from the side surface of the wall structure. In other words, in the case of a wall structure, a dedicated protrusion 81 (made of reinforced concrete, for example) can be provided, and then the receiving member 8 can be installed on the underside of the protrusion 81.

[0026] (action) Next, the operation of the hatch 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 6. Below, the gradual opening of the cover 2 will be described in three states: the closed state, the operating state (in progress), and the open state (completed).

[0027] First, the closed state shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be described. In the closed state, the opening 90 is completely closed by the lid portion 2. In this closed state, in addition to the base-end side edge of the base-end lid portion 22, the side edges 21a, 21b, 22a, and 22b of the lid portion 2 are supported on the rails 3. Furthermore, the V-shaped truss Tv and the X-shaped truss Tx cooperate to support from below the left-right center line of the lid portion 2, where the amount of deflection is large. More specifically, the tip-side member 61 of the V-shaped truss Tv supports the vicinity of the center of the tip-end lid portion 21, the first member 71 of the X-shaped truss Tx supports the vicinity of the center of the base-end lid portion 22, and the second member 72 of the X-shaped truss Tx supports the vicinity of the hinge portion 20 between the lid portions 21 and 22.

[0028] Next, the operating state (in the middle) shown in Figures 3 and 4 will be described. By manually pulling the opening / closing lever 4 toward the front (base end side), the closed state transitions to the operating state (in the middle). In the operating state, the cover 2 closes most of the opening 90, but only a portion of the opening 90 is open. In this operating state, the cover 2 is supported by the wheels 23, 23 on the tip side of the tip cover 21 in addition to the base end edge of the base end cover 22. Furthermore, the V-shaped truss Tv supports the left and right center line of the cover 2 from below. On the other hand, the X-shaped truss Tx does not support the cover 2.

[0029] Finally, the open state (completed) shown in Figures 5 and 6 will be described. By manually pulling the opening / closing lever 4 toward the user (base end), the device transitions from the operating state (partially) to the open state (completed). In the open state, the lid portion 2 partially blocks the opening 90, but the opening 90 remains wide open, allowing access to the interior. In this open state, the lid portion 2 is supported by the wheels 23, 23 on the tip side of the tip lid portion 21 in addition to the base end edge of the base end lid portion 22. Furthermore, the V-shaped truss Tv supports the left and right center lines of the lid portion 2 from below. On the other hand, the X-shaped truss Tx does not support the lid portion 2.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 of the hatch 1 of this embodiment can suppress deflection near the center line of the lid portion 2 in the closed state, and can also increase the area of ​​the opening 90 in the open state.

[0031] (effect) Next, the effects achieved by the hatch 1 of this embodiment will be listed and explained.

[0032] (1) As described above, the hatch 1 of this embodiment includes a lid 2 that covers an opening 90, the lid 2 being configured as a center-folding type with a distal lid portion 21 and a proximal lid portion 22 and having a pair of wheels 23 attached to both side edges 21a, 21b of the distal lid portion 21, rails 3 arranged along both side edges 90a, 90b of the opening 90 to guide the pair of wheels 23 of the lid 2, opening / closing levers 4 as opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid 2, and a deflection prevention mechanism 5 that supports the vicinity of the center of the distal lid portion 21 from below. With this configuration, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 suppresses deflection of the lid 2 near its center, and the hatch 1 can be folded up to allow items to be put in and taken out without any problems.

[0033] (2) Preferably, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 includes a V-shaped truss Tv composed of a distal side member 61 and a proximal side member 62, and a first end of the distal side member 61 is pin-connected to the vicinity of the center of the distal cover portion 21 of the cover portion 2, a second end of the distal side member 61 is pin-connected to a first end of the proximal side member 62, a first end of the proximal side member 62 is pin-connected to a second end of the distal side member 61, and a second end of the proximal side member 62 is pin-connected to the proximal side of the opening 90. With this configuration, the distal side member 61 and the proximal side member 62 of the V-shaped truss Tv form a V-shape as the outer frame of the deflection prevention mechanism 5. This V-shaped truss Tv has the function of maintaining the overall shape as well as the function of balancing the weight when transforming from a closed state to an open state.

[0034] (3) Furthermore, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 preferably includes an X-shaped truss Tx composed of an intersecting first member 71 and second member 72, wherein a first end of the first member 71 is pin-connected to the tip-side member 61, a second end is slidably abutted near the center of the base-end lid portion 22 of the lid portion 2, and a vicinity of the first end of the second member 72 is pin-connected to the base-end member 62, and a second end is slidably abutted near the hinge portion 20 installed between the tip-end lid portion 21 and the base-end lid portion 22 of the lid portion 2. With this configuration, the first member 71 and the second member 72 of the X-shaped truss Tx form an intersecting X shape inside the V-shaped truss Tv. This X-shaped truss Tx has the function of supporting the lid portion 2 at two intermediate positions and the function of forming a truss shape (triangle) inside to hold (maintain) the overall shape.

[0035] (4) It is also preferable that a predetermined weight be added to the base-end member 62 of the V-shaped truss Tv of the deflection prevention mechanism 5. By adding weight and achieving balance in this way, when the lid 2 is opened, the base-end member 62, which moves in the opposite direction to the lid 2, acts as a "weight" and can reduce the load when opening.

[0036] (5) Furthermore, it is preferable that the first end of the second member 72 of the X-truss Tx abuts from below against a downward-facing receiving member 8 installed on the base end side of the opening 90. By configuring it in this way, the shape of the X-truss Tx can be maintained in a closed state, and by pulling up the opening / closing lever 4, the closed state can be released and the structure can easily transition to an open state.

[0037] (6) Furthermore, if the base end side of the opening 90 is a slab structure, it is preferable that the receiving member 8 is installed facing downward on the underside of the slab structure. With this configuration, in the slab structure, the movement of the second member of the X-truss Tx can be restricted, and the overall shape of the deflection prevention mechanism 5 can be maintained.

[0038] (7) Furthermore, when the base end side of the opening 90 is a wall structure, it is preferable that the receiving member 8 is installed facing downward on the underside of the protrusion 81 that is installed so as to protrude from the side surface of the wall structure. With this configuration, even in a wall structure, it is possible to restrict the movement of the second member of the X-truss Tx and maintain the overall shape of the deflection prevention mechanism 5.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention.

[0040] For example, in the embodiment, the deflection prevention mechanism 5 is described as being composed of a V-truss Tv and an X-truss Tx, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 7, it is also preferable that a modified deflection prevention mechanism 5A is composed of a V-truss Tv and an A-truss Ta.

[0041] That is, the hatch 1 of the modified example shown in Fig. 7, like the hatch 1 of the embodiment, is equipped with a lid part 2 having wheels 23, 23, rails 3, 3 that guide the wheels 23, 23, opening / closing levers 4, 4, and a deflection prevention mechanism 5. Unlike the embodiment, the deflection prevention mechanism 5A is composed of a V-shaped truss Tv and an A-shaped truss Ta.

[0042] More specifically, a first end of the tip side member 61 of the V-shaped truss Tv is pin-connected to the vicinity of the center of the tip cover portion 21, and a second end is pin-connected to a first end of the base side member 62, and a first end of the base side member 62 is pin-connected to a second end of the tip side member 61, and a second end is pin-connected to the vicinity of the center of the base cover portion 22. Then, a first end of a first member 71A of the A-shaped truss Ta is pin-connected to the tip side member 61, and a second end is pin-connected to the hinge portion 20, and a first end of a second member 72A is pin-connected to the base side member 62, and a second end is pin-connected to the hinge portion 20. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 1: Hatch 2: Lid 20: Hinge part 21: Tip lid 21a: Side edge 21b: Side edge 22: Proximal lid part 22a: Side edge 22b: Side edge 23 :Wheel 3: Rail 4: Opening / closing lever (opening / closing means) 5: Deflection prevention mechanism 5A: Deflection prevention mechanism (variant) 61: Tip side member 62: Base end member 71: First member 72: Second member 71A: First member (modified example) 72A: Second member (modified example) 8: Receiving member 81: Convex part 90: Opening 90a: Side edge 90b: Side edge Tv: V-shaped truss Tx: X-type truss

Claims

1. A lid portion that covers the opening, the lid portion being configured as a center-folding type having a tip lid portion and a base lid portion, and having a pair of wheels attached to both side edges of the tip lid portion; rails arranged along both side edges of the opening to guide the pair of wheels of the lid; an opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid; a deflection prevention mechanism that supports the vicinity of the center of the tip cap portion from below, the deflection prevention mechanism includes a V-shaped truss composed of a distal end member and a proximal end member, a first end of the distal end side member is connected to the vicinity of the center of the distal end lid portion of the lid portion by a pin, and a second end of the distal end side member is connected to the first end of the base end side member by a pin; A hatch, wherein a first end of the proximal member is pinned to a second end of the distal member, the second end being pinned to a proximal side of the opening.

2. the deflection prevention mechanism includes an X-shaped truss composed of a first member and a second member that intersect with each other; a first end of the first member is connected to the distal end member by a pin, and a second end of the first member is slidably abutted against the vicinity of the center of the proximal end lid portion of the lid portion; a first end portion of the second member is connected to the base end member by a pin, and a second end portion of the second member is slidably abutted against a hinge portion disposed between the distal end lid portion and the proximal end lid portion of the lid portion; 2. The hatch of claim 1.

3. 2. The hatch of claim 1, wherein a predetermined weight is added to the base end member of the V-shaped truss of the deflection prevention mechanism.

4. 3. The hatch according to claim 2, wherein the first end of the second member of the X-truss is abutted from below against a downward-facing receiving member installed on the base end side of the opening.

5. 5. The hatch according to claim 4, wherein when the base end side of the opening is a slab structure, the receiving member is disposed facing downward on the lower surface of the slab structure.

6. 5. The hatch according to claim 4, wherein when the base end side of the opening is a wall structure, the receiving member is installed facing downward on the underside of a protrusion installed so as to protrude from the side surface of the wall structure.

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