door

Abstract

To provide a door that can ensure high sound insulation and ventilation, improve appearance and contribute to fire-resistance.SOLUTION: Surface plates 21 are mounted to both sides of a frame part 23 that is provided around four sides, a sound absorbing material 22 is disposed on one surface plate 21 side, and a ventilation path 24 is provided on the other side. On an upper frame part 41, there are upper ventilation holes 45a, b such that a space 47a partitioned by upper bones 42a, b serves as a ventilation path. In addition, lower ventilation holes 46a-c are provided in a lower frame portion 43 such that spaces 47b, c partitioned by lower bones 44a-c serve as ventilation paths. At least one of the upper ventilation hole 45a, the upper ventilation hole 45b, and the lower ventilation holes 46a-c is positioned in an unaligned manner, and the ventilation path from the lower ventilation hole 46c through the ventilation path 24 to the upper ventilation hole 45a is meandered to reduce propagated sound.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a door that can ensure ventilation, improve sound insulation, and further improve aesthetics while also providing fire resistance. [Background technology]

[0002] Doors with sound-insulating properties that block indoor and outdoor noise are widely used. Sound-insulating performance can be improved by increasing airtightness and blocking sound passing through the door with sound-absorbing material placed inside the door. Even doors with sound-insulating properties are required to ensure ventilation between the interior and exterior of the door, and doors with ventilation sound-insulating properties have been developed. However, providing an air passage within the door for ventilation reduces sound-insulating performance because sound propagates through the passage. Various developments have been made to achieve this trade-off between sound-insulating performance and ventilation performance.

[0003] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a typical sound-insulating, breathable door. In the figure, 81 denotes a front panel, 82 denotes a crosspiece, 83 denotes an air passage, 84 denotes a sound-absorbing material, and 85 denotes a ventilation opening. The example shown in FIG. 12 is described, for example, in Patent Document 1. Sound-absorbing material 84 is attached to the inside of two front panels 81 to provide sound insulation. The peripheries of the two front panels 81 are closed by crosspieces 82, forming a cavity inside that serves as an air passage 83. Ventilation openings 85 are provided at the top of one front panel 81 and at the bottom of the other front panel 81, and ventilation is ensured by these ventilation openings 85 and the air passage 83. Although some sound propagates through this air passage 83, this is attenuated by the sound-absorbing materials 84 on both sides. Furthermore, the long air passage 83 ensures a certain degree of sound insulation.

[0004] However, with a door of this structure, the ventilation opening 85 is exposed on the surface of the door, which causes problems such as a loss of aesthetic appeal. Also, sound-absorbing material 84 must be provided on both sides, which increases the number of manufacturing steps and the thickness of the door.

[0005] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a typical sound-insulating, breathable door. In the figure, 91 denotes a frame, 92 denotes a horizontal member, and 93 denotes a through-hole. The example shown in FIG. 13 is described, for example, in Patent Document 2. The door is constructed by joining surface panels to both sides of a frame with multiple horizontal members 92 arranged inside a rectangular frame 91. Multiple through-holes 93 are formed in the upper and lower members of the frame 91 and in the horizontal members 92. Generally, sound diffuses and weakens as it passes from a narrow space to a wider space. Therefore, sound attenuates with each through-hole 93, thereby reducing sound propagation through the ventilation path. However, making the through-holes 93 smaller reduces breathability, while making the through-holes 93 larger does not reduce sound. Furthermore, while sound attenuation increases with increasing path length, the through-holes 93 are located at the same vertical position, limiting the path length of sound passing through the through-holes 93 to the height of the door. Furthermore, since the horizontal members 92 contact the surface panels on both sides, there is also the drawback that sound propagates through the horizontal members 92.

[0006] Doors with both fire protection and ventilation capabilities have also been devised, such as the one described in Patent Document 3. To ensure fire protection, the face panel and frame are made of steel, with a ventilation opening in one face panel and a vent hole on the underside of the door to ensure a ventilation path. The presence of a ventilation opening in one face panel makes it difficult to achieve sufficient fire protection, which makes it necessary to install a thermal expansion material in the ventilation path to block the ventilation path in the event of a fire. Furthermore, as with Patent Document 1 and others, the ventilation opening in the face panel detracts from the aesthetic appearance. The configuration described in Patent Document 3 does not provide soundproofing. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 09-235960 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-105579 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-117971 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a door that can ensure high sound insulation and breathability, improve aesthetics, and also have fire resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The invention described in claim 1 of the present application is a door having a frame portion on all four sides, with surface panels attached to both sides of the frame portion, with sound-absorbing material and air vents arranged inside, with air vents provided at the top and bottom edges of each of the upper and lower frame portions to ensure an air vent path from top to bottom together with the air vents, and the door frame and stopper are airtight on all four sides with airtight material, and each of the upper and lower frame portions is divided into one or more spaces, with air vents provided to use the spaces as air vents within the frame portions, and at least one of the air vents provided in the frame portions of each of the upper and lower sides is positioned offset from the other air vents.

[0010] The invention described in claim 2 of the present application is a door characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, reinforcing materials are installed longitudinally at intervals in the short direction on the inside of each of the surface panels, the sound-absorbing material is installed on one of the surface panels and sandwiched between the reinforcing materials, and the reinforcing material installed on the other surface panel is in contact with the sound-absorbing material.

[0011] The invention described in claim 3 of the present application is a door characterized in that the reinforcing material provided on the surface panel in the invention described in claim 2 of the present application does not come into contact with the opposing surface panel or the reinforcing material provided on that surface panel.

[0012] The invention described in claim 4 of the present application is a door characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3 of the present application, it further has an upper protrusion that causes the surface panel on the closed door side to protrude beyond the air vent hole on the top edge, and a lower protrusion that causes the surface panel on the open door side to protrude beyond the air vent hole on the bottom edge.

[0013] The invention described in claim 5 of the present application is a door characterized by the configuration of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4 of the present application, further characterized by the placement of sound-absorbing material in the space of each of the frame parts of the upper and lower edges.

[0014] The invention described in claim 6 of the present application is a door characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 5 of the present application, an additional device is provided in the ventilation path. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, high sound insulation and high breathability are ensured, and aesthetics can be improved. Furthermore, the structure of the present invention can be provided with fire resistance, and a fire-resistant, ventilation, and soundproof door can also be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view along the line AA showing an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a top view showing an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 5] 5 is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship of lower through holes according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a lower frame portion showing a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another modified example of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of another example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another modified example of another example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing yet another example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a typical sound-insulating and breathable door. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a typical sound-insulating, breathable door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Fig. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an AA cross-sectional view of the same, Fig. 3 is a BB cross-sectional view of the same, Fig. 4 is a top view of the same, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship of the lower air vents. In the figures, 11 is a door, 12 is a door frame, 13 is a hinge, 21 is a surface panel, 22 is a sound-absorbing material, 23 is a frame, 24 is an air passage, 25 and 31 are airtight materials, 32 is a slipstop, 41 is an upper frame, 42a and 42b are upper ribs, 43 is a lower frame, 44a, 44b, and 44c are lower ribs, 45a and 45b are upper vents, 46a-c are lower vents, 47a-c are spaces, and 48 and 49 are reinforcing materials. This example shows an example of a door that has soundproofing, breathability, and fire resistance. In each drawing, the side of the door 11 that rotates when opening it is referred to as the door-opening side, the side of the door 11 that rotates when closing it is referred to as the door-closing side, and the direction from the door tip to the door tail of the door 11 is referred to as the left-right direction (short side direction). In this example, the longitudinal direction of the door 11 is referred to as the up-down direction.

[0018] The door 11 has a frame 23 on all four sides, and a face plate 21 attached to each side of the frame 23. In this example, to provide fire resistance, the face plate 21 is made of steel plate, and the frame 23 is made of steel framework. This door 11 is attached to a door frame 12 with hinges 13 and is configured to be able to open and close freely. As will be described later, ventilation holes are provided on the top and bottom edges of the frame 23 of the door 11, and no ventilation openings are provided in the face plate 21. This allows the door 11 to have good ventilation while improving its aesthetic appearance and design.

[0019] Airtight materials 31 are provided on the top and left and right sides of the door frame 12 in the areas that come into contact with the door 11, and when the door 11 is closed, the end of the door 11 on the closed side comes into contact with the airtight materials 31. In addition, a stopper 32 is provided on the bottom of the door frame 12, and when the door 11 is closed, the stopper 32 comes into contact with the airtight material 25 provided on the bottom of the door 11 (bottom frame portion 43). This improves the airtightness of the door 11 when it is closed and reduces sound leaking from all sides of the door 11.

[0020] 2 and 3, sound-absorbing material 22 is disposed inside door 11, and air passage 24 is also provided. In this example, sound-absorbing material 22 is disposed inside surface panel 21 on the open door side, and air passage 24 is provided between sound-absorbing material 22 and surface panel 21 on the closed door side. This sound-absorbing material 22 reduces the propagation of sound between the open door side and the closed door side, and sound passing through air passage 24 is also absorbed by sound-absorbing material 22, reducing sound leaking to the open door side, thereby achieving high overall sound insulation performance. In addition to this air passage 24, a ventilation path from the top to the bottom of door 11 is secured by multiple air vents provided in upper frame portion 41 and lower frame portion 43, which are the upper and lower frame portions described below.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 3, reinforcing members 48 extending in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction) are installed at intervals in the left-right direction (transverse direction) on the inside of the door 11 of the open-door side surface panel 21, increasing the rigidity of the open-door side surface panel 21. Sound-absorbing materials 22 are arranged between these reinforcing members 48. In the example shown in Fig. 3, the sound-absorbing materials 22 are arranged at intervals, but of course they may also be arranged without any intervals.

[0022] Additionally, reinforcing members 49 extending in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction) are also installed at intervals in the horizontal direction (transverse direction) on the inside of door 11 of front panel 21 on the closed door side. These reinforcing members 49 increase the rigidity of front panel 21 on the closed door side and ensure air passage 24. Furthermore, the tips of reinforcing members 49 abut against sound-absorbing material 22, thereby functioning as a clamp for sound-absorbing material 22, and sound transmitted to front panel 21 on the closed door side can be reduced by sound-absorbing material 22 via reinforcing member 49. These reinforcing members 49 do not contact front panel 21 on the open door side or reinforcing members 48 provided on front panel 21 on the open door side. Therefore, sound does not propagate through the reinforcing members on both sides, contributing to improved sound insulation performance.

[0023] The sound absorbing material 22 is sandwiched between reinforcing materials 48 to prevent misalignment in the left-right direction (short side direction), and is further fixed by reinforcing materials 49 to prevent misalignment in the door-open side-door-closed side direction. This eliminates the need for a process such as attaching the material to the front panel 21, allowing for simple manufacturing.

[0024] As described above, the reinforcing members 48 and 49 provided on the front panel 21 are arranged so as not to come into contact with each other, and also so as not to come into contact with the frame portion 23 arranged on the four periphery of the door 11. By separating the reinforcing members 48 and 49 in this way, sound is prevented from propagating through the reinforcing members 48 and 49, improving the soundproofing effect.

[0025] The frame 23 provided around the four periphery of the door 11, particularly the upper frame 41 and the lower frame 43, have two or more partitions to form one or more spaces. For example, as will be described later, a combination of multiple aggregates may be used, or a pipe material with a substantially rectangular cross section may be used, or of course other configurations may be used.

[0026] In this example, the upper frame portion 41, which is the upper frame portion of the frame portion 23, and the left and right frame portions are made of double-layered frameworks called "strength ribs," which are made of steel bent into a generally U-shape. In the upper frame portion 41, these frameworks are indicated as upper ribs 42a and 42b. A space 47a is formed in the upper frame portion 41, partitioned by the upper ribs 42a and 42b. The upper rib 42a, which partitions the space 47a, is provided with an upper air vent 45a that penetrates the space 47a with the outside. This upper air vent 45a serves as a vent at the top edge of the door 11. Similarly, the upper rib 42b, which partitions the space 47a, is provided with an upper air vent 45b that penetrates the space 47a with the air passage 24. These upper air vents 45a and 45b allow ventilation between the outside and the air passage 24. In addition, ventilation with the outside through the upper ventilation hole 45a on the top edge is not possible on the closed door side because the airtight material 31 of the door frame 12 abuts against the door 11, but ventilation with the open door side is achieved.

[0027] The upper air vents 45a, 45b are offset from one another. In the example shown in FIG. 4, they are offset from one another in the door-closed side to the door-opened side, as well as in the left-right direction (short-edge direction). Of course, they may be offset in only one direction. By offsetting the upper air vents 45a, 45b, the ventilation path is made to meander. Sound entering the space 47a through the upper air vents 45a and 45b is diffused and attenuated within the space 47a. At the same time, the sound is reflected and attenuated by the walls of the space 47a, and the meandering ventilation path lengthens the propagation length, further attenuating the sound. This reduces the sound that is propagating. In particular, by making the ventilation path meander in the space 47a present in the upper frame portion 41, the curvature of the ventilation path increases, resulting in more efficient sound reduction than when the upper air vents 45a, 45b are provided at the same position. This improvement in sound insulation performance can be achieved in the existing upper frame portion 41.

[0028] This example also shows the case where three frames are arranged in the lower frame portion 43, which is the frame portion below the frame portion 23. These frames are shown as lower frames 44a, 44b, and 44c. As described above, the lower frame portion 43 is provided with the airtight material 25, which comes into contact with the stopper 32 provided on the door frame 12 when the door 11 is closed, improving the airtightness and soundproofing performance when the door 11 is closed.

[0029] The lower frame portion 43 has three frames, namely, lower ribs 44a, 44b, and 44c. The lower frame portion 43 has a space 47b partitioned by the lower ribs 44a and 44b, and a space 47c partitioned by the lower ribs 44b and 44c. The lower rib 44a has a lower air vent 46a that connects the air passage 24 to the space 47b. The lower rib 44b has a lower air vent 46b that connects the spaces 47b and 47c. The lower rib 44c has a lower air vent 46c that connects the outside to the space 47c. The lower air vent 46c serves as the air vent at the lowest edge of the door 11. These lower air vents 46a, 46b, and 46c allow ventilation between the outside and the air passage 24. In addition, ventilation with the outside is not possible on the open door side because the airtight material 25 and the slide 32 are in contact with each other, so ventilation with the closed door side is achieved.

[0030] When ventilation holes are provided in three or more sections, as in the example of the lower frame portion 43, it is sufficient to provide at least one ventilation hole at a position offset from the other ventilation holes. Figure 5 shows an example of the relative positions of the lower ventilation holes 46a, 46b, and 46c. In the example shown in Figure 5, the position of the lower ventilation hole 46c is offset from the lower ventilation holes 46a and 46b in the door-closed-door-opened-door direction and the left-right direction (short direction). By offsetting the positions of the lower ventilation holes 46a and 46b and the lower ventilation hole 46c, the ventilation path is made to meander. As with the upper frame portion 41, this increases the length of the ventilation path through which sound travels and increases the amount of sound reflected by walls rather than traveling in a straight line, thereby attenuating the propagating sound. In particular, by making the ventilation path meander in the space in the lower frame portion 43, the curvature of the ventilation path increases, resulting in efficient sound reduction. This improvement in sound insulation performance can be achieved in the existing lower frame portion 43.

[0031] Of course, they may be offset only in the direction from the closed door to the open door or in the left-right direction (short side). Also, in this example, the positions of the lower air vents 46a and 46b are slightly offset from each other in the direction from the closed door to the open door, but they may be offset by a larger amount or may be offset from each other in the left-right direction (short side).

[0032] Due to the structure of the upper frame portion 41 and the lower frame portion 43 described above, the ventilation path is a bent path at the upper frame portion 41 and the lower frame portion 43, as shown by the two-dot dashed line in Figure 2. By connecting the open door side and the closed door side with the ventilation path, ventilation is possible even when the door 11 is closed. However, there is a disadvantage in that sound propagates and leaks through this ventilation path. However, by absorbing sound with the sound-absorbing material 22 arranged in the ventilation passage 24 and by making the ventilation path meander at the upper frame portion 41 and the lower frame portion 43, the sound propagating through the ventilation path can be attenuated. In this way, soundproofing performance can be obtained while maintaining ventilation performance.

[0033] The upper air vents 45a, b and the lower air vents 46a-c can be any size, but as described above, they are preferably narrowed to allow for positional shifting to create a meandering air path. Because sound escaping through narrow air vents to each space, the outside, or the air passage 24 is diffused and attenuated, smaller air vents are desirable for soundproofing performance. However, because the amount of air that can pass through the air vents is reduced, the size and shape can be determined taking both factors into consideration. In this example, the upper air vents 45a, b and the lower air vents 46a-c are formed by several slit-shaped openings extending in the left-right direction (short direction). Here, if the sound-absorbing materials 22 are spaced apart as shown in FIG. 3, the upper air vent 45b and the lower air vent 46a, which communicate with the air passage 24, should be positioned to match the positions of the sound-absorbing materials 22. By arranging in this manner, sound that has entered the air passage 24 from the upper air vent 45b or the lower air vent 46a can be efficiently absorbed by the sound absorbing material 22, thereby improving soundproofing performance.

[0034] While this example shows one space provided in the upper frame portion 41 and two spaces provided in the lower frame portion 43, the number and shape of the spaces are not limited to this example. For example, three or more partitions may be provided in the upper frame portion 41 to form two or more spaces, or four or more partitions may be provided in the lower frame portion 43 to form three or more spaces. The shape of the spaces is not limited to rectangular, and the arrangement of the spaces is not limited to being arranged vertically. It is sufficient to provide ventilation holes in each of the upper frame portion 41 and the lower frame portion 43 to serve as ventilation paths, and to position at least one of the ventilation holes offset from the other ventilation holes to improve sound insulation. An example of providing two spaces in the upper frame portion 41 and variations in the shape and arrangement of the spaces are described below.

[0035] 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the lower frame portion showing a modified example of one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 51 denotes a protruding member. This modified example shows an example in which a protruding member 51 is provided protruding into the space of the lower frame portion 43. The protruding member 51 protrudes into the space 47b defined by the lower ribs 44a and 44b of the lower frame portion 43. The protruding member 51 is provided between the lower air vent 46a provided in the lower rib 44a and the lower air vent 46b provided in the lower rib 44b, and protrudes to an extent that the lower air vent 46a and the lower air vent 46b are hidden when viewed in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction).

[0036] The protrusions 51 cause the ventilation path to bend within the space 47b as shown by the two-dot chain line in Figure 6. Sound that passes through the lower ventilation hole 46b and enters the space 47b attempts to travel straight ahead, but is blocked by the protrusions 51 and goes around the protrusions 51 to reach the lower ventilation hole 46a. This attenuates the sound and improves sound insulation.

[0037] It is desirable that protrusion member 51 protrude into the space so as to hide the air vent when viewed in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction), as in the example shown in Fig. 6. However, depending on the positions of the air vents provided in the space, if protrusion 51 is provided so as to overlap even a part of the straight line from one air vent to the other, a certain degree of sound insulation effect can be expected.

[0038] Such protrusions 51 can be placed in any space, for example, in space 47c of lower frame portion 43 or space 47a of upper frame portion 41. In particular, when air vents are positioned at the same position in the left-right direction (short side direction) or in the door-open / closed direction, or when there is only a small deviation in their positions, sound that has entered the ventilation path tends to propagate in a straight line. In such cases, by using protrusions 51 to bend and meander the ventilation path, sound propagation can be efficiently reduced and sound insulation can be improved.

[0039] Of course, the number of protruding members 51 is not limited to one per space, and multiple protruding members 51 may be arranged alternately to bend the ventilation path in the space. Furthermore, the protruding members 51 may protrude not only in the left-right direction (short direction) and the door-opening / closing direction, but also in the up-down direction (longitudinal direction) to narrow the ventilation path in the space or make the ventilation path more complex.

[0040] 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 52 is a sound-absorbing material. In each of the above examples, the sound-absorbing material 22 is disposed inside the door 11, particularly inside the area surrounded by the frame portion 23. Alternatively, the sound-absorbing material 52 may be disposed in the space inside the upper frame portion 41 or the lower frame portion 43 or around the air vents.

[0041] In the example shown in FIG. 7(A), sound-absorbing material 52 is provided in space 47a provided in upper frame portion 41. Sound that enters space 47a is attenuated by the meandering ventilation path as described above, but at the same time, the sound is absorbed and further attenuated by sound-absorbing material 52 arranged in space 47a. This further improves sound insulation performance. Also, in the example shown in FIG. 7(A), the ventilation path in space 47a goes around sound-absorbing material 52. This allows for even more efficient sound absorption.

[0042] In the example shown in Fig. 7(B), sound-absorbing material 52 is provided in space 47b provided in lower frame portion 43. Sound that enters space 47b is absorbed and attenuated by sound-absorbing material 52 arranged in space 47b. This further improves sound insulation performance. Of course, sound-absorbing material 52 may also be arranged in space 47c.

[0043] The sound-absorbing material 52 may be provided in either the upper frame portion 41 or the lower frame portion 43, or in both. It is also optional whether to provide it in any of the multiple spaces, or in all of the spaces. Furthermore, the placement of the sound-absorbing material within each space is also optional.

[0044] 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 61 denotes an upper protrusion, and 62 denotes a lower protrusion. In this example, the face panel 21 on the closed door side is provided with an upper protrusion 61 that protrudes above the upper air vent 45a, which is the uppermost air vent provided on the upper edge of the upper frame portion 41. When the door 11 is closed, the outer periphery of the closed door side of the door 11 abuts against the airtight material 31 provided on the door frame 12, ensuring airtightness. The upper part of the closed door side of the door 11, including the upper protrusion 61, also abuts against the airtight material 31 of the door frame 12.

[0045] Furthermore, the lower surface of the upper part of the door frame 12 is configured not to come into contact with the upper end of the upper protrusion 61 when the door 11 is opened and closed, and therefore the distance x1 between the upper air vent 45a provided on the upper edge of the upper frame part 41 and the lower surface of the upper part of the door frame can be made wider than the height of the upper protrusion 61. This increases the amount of airflow at the top of the door 11, improving breathability.

[0046] At the bottom of the door 11, the face panel 21 on the door-opening side is provided with a lower protrusion 62 that protrudes downward from the lower vent hole 46c, which is the lowest vent hole provided on the lower edge of the lower frame portion 43. This allows the distance x2 between the lower vent hole 46c provided on the lower edge of the lower frame portion 43 and the upper surface of the lower door frame (upper surface of the shoe slip 32) to be greater than the height of the lower protrusion 62. This increases the amount of airflow at the bottom of the door 11, improving breathability.

[0047] In addition, in this example, along with providing the lower protrusion 62, the airtight material 25 is also provided on the lower protrusion 62. As a result, when the door 11 is closed, the airtight material 25 abuts against the slip stop 32 provided on the lower part of the door frame 12, ensuring airtightness.

[0048] Generally, when functioning as a fire door, the frame portion 23 (excluding the bottom frame portion 43) overlaps with the door frame 12, and if the gap between the slip sheath 32 and the bottom edge of the door 11 at the bottom frame portion 43 is 10 mm or less, the door is considered to have fire resistance. At the top of the door 11, the upper protrusion 61 overlaps with the top of the door frame 12 as described above, and the door 11 also overlaps with the door frame 12 on both sides. If the gap between the bottom edge of the lower protrusion 62 and the top surface of the slip sheath 32 at the bottom of the door 11 is 10 mm or less, the door can be configured as a soundproof door with fire resistance.

[0049] In this example, an upper protrusion 61 and a lower protrusion 62 are provided, but it is also possible to provide only the upper protrusion 61 or only the lower protrusion 62. Also, as in the example shown in Figure 6, a protrusion member 51 may be provided in the space.

[0050] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 42c is an upper rib, 45c is an upper air vent, 47d is a space, and 63 is an upper protrusion retainer. In the example shown in Figure 8, the upper protrusion 61 simply protrudes the face panel 21 on the door closing side, but in this modified example, the upper protrusion 61 is provided with an upper protrusion retainer 63. This upper protrusion retainer 63 reinforces the upper protrusion 61, increasing its strength.

[0051] This modified example also shows an example in which multiple spaces are provided in upper frame portion 41. Specifically, upper frame portion 41 is provided with three upper ribs, upper ribs a, b, and c, which divide the space within upper frame portion 41 and, together with space 47a formed in upper frame portion 41, form space 47d. Upper rib 42a is provided with upper air vent 45a connecting space 47a to the outside, upper rib 42b is provided with upper air vent 45b connecting space 47a to space 47d, and upper rib 42c is provided with upper air vent 45c connecting space 47d to air passage 24. These upper air vents 45a, 45b, and 45c allow ventilation between the outside on the door-opening side and air passage 24. At the door-closing side above upper air vent 45a, upper protrusion 61 abuts against airtight material 31 provided on door frame 12, ensuring airtightness.

[0052] The upper air vents 45a, 45b, and 45c are offset from one another. In the example shown in FIG. 9, they are offset from one another in the direction from the closed door side to the open door side, and also offset from one another in the left-right direction (short direction). In particular, the upper air vents 45b and 45c are offset from one another in the direction from the closed door side to the open door side so that they do not overlap in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction). This allows sound that enters the space 47d from the air passage 24 through the upper air vent 45c to propagate to the upper air vent 45b along a meandering air path. This attenuates the sound that enters the space 47d, further improving sound insulation performance compared to when the upper frame portion 41 has only one space.

[0053] In this example, the end of upper rib 42b separating space 47a and space 47d is extended upward and folded back to serve as upper protrusion retainer 63. This improves sound insulation performance and reinforces upper protrusion 61, while reducing the number of parts. Of course, it goes without saying that upper rib 42b separating the spaces and upper protrusion retainer 63 may be formed as separate members.

[0054] As mentioned above, even in a configuration example in which the upper protrusion 61 is not provided, two or more spaces may be formed in the upper frame 41, and vent holes may be provided at offset positions. Of course, the lower frame 43 may also be provided with a partition portion to form one or three or more spaces. Furthermore, the protrusion member 51 shown in FIG. 6 may be provided as appropriate.

[0055] Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another modified example of another embodiment of the present invention. In each of the above-described examples, when multiple spaces are provided in the frame portion, the partitioned spaces are arranged so as to overlap one another vertically, but this is not limited to this. For example, in the example shown in Fig. 10(A), a portion of the aggregate 42b is arranged vertically, and an upper air vent 45b is provided in that portion. As a result, space 47a and space 47d are arranged side by side in the door-closed side-door-open side direction.

[0056] By arranging the spaces in this way, the ventilation path will meander as shown by the two-dot chain line. Sound that enters space 47d from ventilation path 24 through upper ventilation hole 45c cannot travel straight ahead, but instead travels to space 47a through upper ventilation hole 45b on the door-opening side. Sound that enters space 47a also cannot travel straight ahead, but instead travels to the outside through upper ventilation hole 45a located above. By passing through this meandering ventilation path, sound is attenuated, improving sound insulation.

[0057] Furthermore, the shape of the space provided in the frame is not limited to a space having a rectangular cross section. In the example shown in Fig. 10(B), a portion of the aggregate 42b is arranged vertically and an upper air vent 45b is provided in that portion, but the space 47a is provided in a key shape. The space 47a is provided on the door-opening side and above the space 47d, and the upper air vent 45a is provided above the space 47d.

[0058] By arranging the spaces in this way, the ventilation path becomes even more tortuous than the example shown in Figure 10(A), as shown by the two-dot chain line. Sound that enters space 47d from ventilation path 24 through ventilation hole 45c cannot travel straight ahead, but instead travels through ventilation hole 45b on the open door side to space 47a. Sound that enters space 47a also cannot travel straight ahead, but instead travels upward, but still cannot travel straight ahead, and instead travels further to the closed door side through ventilation hole 45a to the outside. By traveling through this tortuous ventilation path, sound is further attenuated, thereby improving sound insulation.

[0059] While this example shows an example of the spatial arrangement in the upper frame portion 41, a similar spatial arrangement can of course also be made in the lower frame portion 43. Furthermore, for example, the aggregate that serves as the partition may be passed diagonally, and an air vent may be provided in that portion to form a space with a slope. This is not limited to these examples, and spaces of various shapes can be formed within the frame. Even when only one space is provided in the frame, a space with a cross-sectional shape other than rectangular may be provided. Furthermore, similar modifications are possible in configurations that do not include the upper protrusion 61 or the lower protrusion 62, and it goes without saying that various modifications are possible, such as using the protrusion 51 in combination.

[0060] FIG. 11 is a structural diagram showing yet another example of an embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 11(A) is a front view of the closed door side, FIG. 11(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 11(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB. In the figure, reference numeral 71 denotes an additional device, and 72 denotes an attachment / detachment opening. In this example, additional device 71 is provided within air passage 24. Examples of additional device 71 include a ventilation fan to promote ventilation, an air freshener or deodorizer that diffuses fragrance or deodorizes using the ventilation function, a sterilization or disinfection device to improve hygienic conditions, and a dust collection device to reduce the intrusion or release of dust and dirt. Of course, additional devices 71 that combine these functions may also be provided, or additional devices 71 with different functions may also be provided.

[0061] In this example, the additional device 71 is configured to be detachable. The additional device 71 can be installed in the ventilation path 24 inside the door 11 through an attachment / detachment opening 72 provided in the face panel 21 on the door-closing side, and can also be removed. For example, this can be easily done when removing the additional device 71 for maintenance or when replacing it with another additional device 71. If the additional device 71 is not to be installed, or after the additional device 71 has been removed, a blanking plate or the like can be placed over the attachment / detachment opening 72 to block it.

[0062] 11(C), additional device 71 is provided in a portion where sound-absorbing material 22 is not provided, and it is possible to install additional device 71 up to a size close to the thickness of door 11. For example, if the additional device 71 is thin and has a size approximately the same as the thickness of air passage 24, it may be provided in the portion where sound-absorbing material 22 is provided. In this case, additional device 71 may be brought into contact with sound-absorbing material 22 and used to hold down sound-absorbing material 22.

[0063] The example shown in FIG. 11(A) shows an example in which four additional devices 71 can be installed, one of which can be installed on the upper frame portion 41. Note that FIG. 11(B) shows a partially cutaway view, so two upper and one lower additional device 71 are shown, including the additional device on the upper frame portion 41. Of course, this example is not limitative, and a configuration in which one, two, three, or four or more additional devices can be installed is also possible. Furthermore, the additional device is not limited to the upper frame portion 41, and may be installed in any position within the installable range, such as the lower frame portion 43. Furthermore, the additional device 71 can be configured to be installable in the various configurations described above, such as with or without the upper protrusion 61 and the lower protrusion 62.

[0064] In each of the above examples, the sound absorbing material 22 is arranged on the open door side and the ventilation path 24 is provided on the closed door side, but this is not limiting, and for example, the sound absorbing material 22 may be arranged on the closed door side and the ventilation path 24 on the open door side. In this case, the positions of the respective ventilation holes may be changed according to the arrangement.

[0065] In addition, in the above examples, measures have been taken to ensure that the door 11 functions as a fire door, such as using a steel plate for the face panel 21 and a steel frame 23, but if fire resistance is not required, alternative materials may be used for the components of each part. In addition to this, various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 11...door, 12...door frame, 13...hinge, 21...surface panel, 22...sound-absorbing material, 23...frame portion, 24...ventilation path, 25, 31...airtight material, 32...slip, 41...upper frame portion, 42a-c...upper ribs, 43...lower frame portion, 44a, b, c...lower ribs, 45a-c...upper vents, 46a-c...lower vents, 47a-d...space, 48, 49...reinforcement material, 51...protrusion material, 52...sound-absorbing material, 61...upper protrusion, 62...lower protrusion, 63...upper protrusion retainer, 71...additional device, 72...attachment / detachment opening, 81...surface panel, 82...crosspiece, 83...ventilation path, 84...sound-absorbing material, 85...ventilation opening, 91...frame body, 92...horizontal member, 93...through hole.

Claims

1. A door having a frame around all four sides with surface panels attached to both sides of the frame, with sound-absorbing material and air passages arranged inside, with air vents at the top and bottom edges of each of the upper and lower frame parts to ensure an air passage from top to bottom together with the air passages, and with the door frame and stopper sealed around all four sides with airtight material, and each of the upper and lower frame parts is divided into one or more spaces with air vents that use the spaces as air passages within the frame parts, and at least one of the air vents in each of the upper and lower frame parts is positioned offset from the other air vents.

2. The door of claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing materials are installed longitudinally at intervals in the short direction on the inside of each of the surface panels, the sound-absorbing material is installed on one of the surface panels and sandwiched between the reinforcing materials, and the reinforcing material installed on the other surface panel is in contact with the sound-absorbing material.

3. 3. The door according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member provided on the surface plate does not contact the opposing surface plate and the reinforcing member provided on the opposing surface plate.

4. The door according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface panel on the door-closing side has an upper protrusion that protrudes beyond the air vent on the uppermost edge, and the surface panel on the door-opening side has a lower protrusion that protrudes beyond the air vent on the lowermost edge.

5. 5. The door according to claim 1, wherein sound-absorbing materials are disposed in the spaces in the frame portions of the upper and lower sides.

6. 6. The door according to claim 1, wherein an additional device is provided in the ventilation path.

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