Blood purification device

Abstract

To prevent a pressure between two pumps arranged in series from becoming a negative pressure or an excess positive pressure at the time of priming by operating the two pumps.SOLUTION: A control part adjusts a rotation speed of one of two pumps such that a measurement value measured by a pressure measurement device is maintained to a certain positive pressure at the time of priming by closing a vein side on-off valve and operating the two pumps in a state where priming liquid is supplied from a priming liquid conduit to an artery side blood circuit, a blood purifier, and a vein side blood circuit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a blood purification device. [Background technology]

[0002] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2021-87787 (Patent Document 1) is a prior art document that discloses the configuration of a flow balancing device. In the flow balancing device described in Patent Document 1, a reliable flow balance is obtained by synchronizing pump flow rates and using pressure sensors to synchronize the flow rates. A controller connected to the pressure sensors and pumps adjusts the waste pump to a desired flow rate and the selected treatment fluid pump to achieve a desired pressure between the pumps, and holds the pressure stable for a certain period of time to achieve a synchronized flow rate value for the treatment fluid pump. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-87787 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When two pumps arranged in series are operated for priming, it is undesirable for the pressure between the two pumps to become negative or excessively positive.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a blood purification device that can prevent the pressure between two pumps arranged in series from becoming negative or excessively positive when priming is performed by operating the two pumps. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The blood purification device according to the present invention comprises a blood purifier, an arterial blood circuit, a venous blood circuit, a replacement fluid line, a dialysate line, a drain line, a blood pump, an arterial air trap chamber, an arterial on-off valve, a venous air trap chamber, a venous on-off valve, a priming fluid line, a replacement fluid pump, a dialysate pump, a drain pump, a first measuring bag, a pressure measuring device, and a control unit. The arterial blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to allow blood to flow into the blood purifier. The venous blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to allow blood to flow out of the blood purifier. The replacement fluid line is connected to the arterial blood circuit or the venous blood circuit and supplies replacement fluid. The dialysate line supplies dialysate to the blood purifier. The drain line carries drained fluid discharged from the blood purifier. The blood pump is provided in the arterial blood circuit and pumps blood. The arterial air trap chamber is provided in the arterial blood circuit. The arterial on-off valve is provided in the arterial blood circuit and opens and closes the arterial blood circuit. The venous air trap chamber is provided in the venous blood circuit. The venous on-off valve is provided in the venous blood circuit and opens and closes the venous blood circuit. The priming solution line is connected to the arterial blood circuit between the arterial on-off valve and the blood pump and supplies priming solution. The replacement solution pump is provided in the replacement solution line and delivers replacement solution. The dialysate pump is provided in the dialysate line and delivers dialysate. The drainage pump is provided in the drainage line and delivers drained solution. The first measuring bag is connected to the replacement solution line and can temporarily store replacement solution and deliver the stored replacement solution. The pressure measuring device measures the pressure between any two of the blood pump, the dialysate pump, and the drainage pump. The control unit receives measurements measured by the pressure measuring device. When priming is performed by closing the venous on-off valve and operating the two pumps while priming solution is being supplied from the priming solution line to the arterial blood circuit, the blood purifier, and the venous blood circuit, the control unit adjusts the rotation speed of one of the two pumps so that the measurement value measured by the pressure measuring device is maintained at a constant positive pressure.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure measurement device is one of an arterial pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in an arterial air trap chamber, a venous pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in a venous air trap chamber, and a drainage pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in a drainage line.

[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, the two pumps are a blood pump and a drainage pump, and the control unit performs priming by rotating the blood pump in the normal direction and the drainage pump in the normal direction.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two pumps are a dialysate pump and a drainage pump. The control unit performs priming by rotating the dialysate pump in the normal direction and the drainage pump in the normal direction.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two pumps are a blood pump and a dialysate pump, and the control unit performs priming by rotating the blood pump in the forward direction and the dialysate pump in the reverse direction.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the constant positive pressure is equal to or greater than 5 kPa and equal to or less than 7 kPa. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, when two pumps arranged in series are operated for priming, it is possible to prevent the pressure between the two pumps from becoming negative pressure or excessively positive pressure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between a control unit and each component in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3]FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the operation of the blood purification device according to one embodiment of the present invention when priming is performed by operating any two of the blood pump, the dialysate pump, and the drainage pump. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a first priming state in which priming is performed by operating the blood pump and the drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second priming state in which priming is performed by operating the dialysate pump and the drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a third priming state in which priming is performed by operating the blood pump and the dialysate pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] A blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiment, the same or corresponding parts in the drawings will be given the same reference numerals, and their description will not be repeated.

[0015] In the following description of the embodiments, a blood purification device used in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) will be described. However, the blood purification device may also be a blood purification device used in any of continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF), continuous hemofiltration (CHF), and continuous hemodialysis (CHD).

[0016] Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the blood purification apparatus 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a blood purifier 120, an arterial blood circuit 110, a venous blood circuit 116, a replacement fluid line 131, a dialysate line 141, a drainage line 151, a blood pump 111, an arterial air trap chamber 112, an arterial on-off valve 110v, a venous air trap chamber 114, a venous on-off valve 116v, a priming fluid line 191, a replacement fluid pump 161, a dialysate pump 160, a drainage pump 162, a first measuring bag 140, a pressure measuring device, and a controller.

[0017] The blood purification apparatus 100 further includes a first supply source 130, a priming solution supply source 190, a first connecting conduit 132, a second connecting conduit 152, an arterial supply / exhaust conduit 117, a venous supply / exhaust conduit 118, a second measuring bag 150, a first valve 141v, a second valve 131v, a third valve 151v, a fourth valve 152v, a fifth valve 191v, a sixth valve 117v, a seventh valve 118v, an arterial protective filter 117f, a venous protective filter 118f, a drainage protective filter 151f, a first heater 170, a second heater 171, and a scale 180.

[0018] Blood purifier 120 contains a semipermeable membrane 125 made of, for example, a hollow fiber membrane. Blood purifier 120 has a blood inlet 121 and a blood outlet 122. Arterial blood circuit 110 is connected to blood inlet 121. Venous blood circuit 116 is connected to blood outlet 122.

[0019] The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided with a blood pump 111 that pumps blood. In the arterial blood circuit 110, an arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided between the blood pump 111 and the blood purifier 120. The arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided with an arterial pressure measuring device 113 that measures the pressure inside the arterial air trap chamber 112. An arterial protective filter 117f is provided between the arterial air trap chamber 112 and the arterial pressure measuring device 113. The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided with an arterial on-off valve 110v that opens and closes the arterial blood circuit 110.

[0020] Blood collected from a patient's artery flows through the arterial blood circuit 110, has its pressure measured as it passes through the arterial air trap chamber 112, and then flows into the blood purifier 120 from the blood inlet 121. The arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided to prevent air from mixing with the blood in the arterial blood circuit 110.

[0021] The venous blood circuit 116 is provided with a venous air trap chamber 114. The venous air trap chamber 114 is provided with a venous pressure measuring device 115 that measures the pressure inside the venous air trap chamber 114. A venous protective filter 118f is provided between the venous air trap chamber 114 and the venous pressure measuring device 115. The venous blood circuit 116 is provided with a venous on-off valve 116v that opens and closes the venous blood circuit 116.

[0022] The blood purified by the blood purifier 120 flows through the venous blood circuit 116, has its pressure measured as it passes through the venous air trap chamber 114, and is then returned to the patient's veins. The venous air trap chamber 114 is provided to prevent air from mixing with the blood in the venous blood circuit 116.

[0023] The blood purifier 120 further has a dialysate inlet 124 and a waste fluid outlet 123. A dialysate line 141 is connected to the dialysate inlet 124. A waste fluid line 151 is connected to the waste fluid outlet 123.

[0024] The upstream end of the dialysate conduit 141 is connected to a first supply source 130 that supplies a first fluid 10, which is a replacement fluid and a dialysate. The dialysate conduit 141 is connected to the upstream end of the replacement fluid conduit 131. A dialysate pump 160 that pumps the dialysate is connected to the dialysate conduit 141. The dialysate pump 160 is a peristaltic pump, but may be a roller pump. The dialysate that flows through the dialysate conduit 141 is supplied into the blood purifier 120. A first valve 141v that opens and closes the dialysate conduit 141 is provided upstream of the connection point with the replacement fluid conduit 131 in the dialysate conduit 141. A first heater 170 that heats the dialysate is provided downstream of the dialysate pump 160 in the dialysate conduit 141. Note that the first heater 170 does not necessarily have to be provided.

[0025] A replacement fluid pump 161 that pumps replacement fluid is connected to the replacement fluid line 131. The replacement fluid pump 161 is a peristaltic pump, but may also be a roller pump. A first connecting line 132 through which the first fluid 10 flows is connected to the replacement fluid line 131. A second valve 131v that opens and closes the replacement fluid line 131 is provided upstream of the connection position of the replacement fluid line 131 with the first connecting line 132. A second heater 171 that heats the replacement fluid is provided downstream of the replacement fluid pump 161 in the replacement fluid line 131. Note that the second heater 171 does not necessarily have to be provided.

[0026] In this embodiment, the fluid replacement line 131 is connected to the venous blood circuit 116. Specifically, the fluid replacement line 131 is connected to the venous air trap chamber 114. The fluid replacement line 131 flows into the venous air trap chamber 114. That is, the fluid replacement line 131 supplies the fluid replacement line to the venous blood circuit 116. The blood purification device 100 employs a so-called post-dilution method. The fluid replacement line 131 may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 110. In this case, the fluid replacement line 131 is connected to the arterial air trap chamber 112.

[0027] The first connecting pipe 132 is connected to a first measuring bag 140 that temporarily stores the first liquid 10 and is capable of discharging the stored first liquid 10.

[0028] The drainage pipe 151 discharges the drainage liquid discharged from the blood purifier 120 from the downstream end thereof. A drainage pump 162 is connected to the drainage pipe 151, and sends out the drainage liquid flowing through the drainage pipe 151. The drainage pump 162 is a peristaltic pump, but may also be a roller pump. A second connection pipe 152, through which the drainage liquid flows, is connected to the drainage pipe 151. A third valve 151v is provided in the drainage pipe 151, and the drainage pipe 151 opens and closes the drainage pipe 151. A drainage pressure measuring device 153 that measures the pressure in the drainage pipe 151 is provided in the drainage pipe 151, located between the drainage outlet 123 and the drainage pump 162. A drainage protection filter 151f is provided between the drainage pipe 151 and the drainage pressure measuring device 153.

[0029] The second connecting pipe 152 is connected to a second measuring bag 150 that temporarily stores the effluent and can discharge the stored effluent. The second connecting pipe 152 is provided with a fourth valve 152v that opens and closes the second connecting pipe 152.

[0030] The first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 are housed in the housing portion 181. Each of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 is a soft bag that does not have any air vent holes formed therein.

[0031] The storage section 181 is connected to a measurement section of the scale 180. In this embodiment, the scale 180 is a load cell. However, the scale 180 is not limited to a load cell and may be a spring balance or the like. The scale 180 measures the overall change in weight of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150. When the fourth valve 152v closes the second connecting conduit 152, the scale 180 can measure the change in weight of the first weighing bag 140.

[0032] The priming solution line 191 is connected between the arterial on-off valve 110v and the blood pump 111 in the arterial blood circuit 110, and supplies the priming solution 20. The priming solution line 191 is provided with a fifth valve 191v that opens and closes the priming solution line 191. The priming solution 20 is, for example, physiological saline.

[0033] The arterial supply / exhaust pipe 117 is connected between the arterial pressure measuring device 113 and the arterial protective filter 117f. A sixth valve 117v that opens and closes the arterial supply / exhaust pipe 117 is provided in the arterial supply / exhaust pipe 117. The arterial supply / exhaust pipe 117 is configured to be able to exhaust air from the arterial air trap chamber 112 and to supply air into the arterial air trap chamber 112.

[0034] The venous supply / exhaust pipe 118 is connected between the venous pressure measuring device 115 and the venous protective filter 118f. A seventh valve 118v that opens and closes the venous supply / exhaust pipe 118 is provided in the venous supply / exhaust pipe 118. The venous supply / exhaust pipe 118 is configured to be able to exhaust air from the venous air trap chamber 114 and to supply air into the venous air trap chamber 114.

[0035] The arterial protection filter 117f and the venous protection filter 118f each have the function of preventing blood from leaking out of the blood circuit and the function of preventing infection from the pressure measuring device. The drainage protection filter 151f has the function of preventing drainage from leaking out of the drainage pipeline 151 and the function of preventing infection from the pressure measuring device.

[0036] Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical connections between the control unit and each component in a blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the control unit 1 included in the blood purification apparatus 100 is electrically connected to each of the blood pump 111, arterial on-off valve 110v, venous on-off valve 116v, first valve 141v, second valve 131v, third valve 151v, fourth valve 152v, fifth valve 191v, sixth valve 117v, seventh valve 118v, arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, dialysate pump 160, replacement fluid pump 161, drainage pump 162, drainage pressure measuring device 153, and scale 180.

[0037] The control unit 1 selectively receives one of the arterial side measurement value measured by the arterial side pressure measuring device 113, the venous side measurement value measured by the venous side pressure measuring device 115, and the drainage measurement value measured by the drainage pressure measuring device 153.

[0038] Specifically, the measurement values ​​of the pressure measuring devices among the arterial pressure measuring device 113, the venous pressure measuring device 115, and the drainage pressure measuring device 153, which measure the pressure between any two pumps among the blood pump 111, the dialysis fluid pump 160, and the drainage pump 162 that are operated to perform priming, are input to the control unit 1.

[0039] The control unit 1 receives the measured value of the total weight change of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 measured by the scale 180 .

[0040] The control unit 1 controls the operation of each of the blood pump 111, the arterial side opening / closing valve 110v, the venous side opening / closing valve 116v, the first valve 141v, the second valve 131v, the third valve 151v, the fourth valve 152v, the fifth valve 191v, the sixth valve 117v, the seventh valve 118v, the dialysis fluid pump 160, the replacement fluid pump 161, and the drainage pump 162.

[0041] The following describes the operation of the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment when priming is performed by operating any two of the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162.

[0042] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of a blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention when priming is performed by operating any two of the blood pump, the dialysate pump, and the drainage pump.

[0043] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a first priming state in which priming is performed by operating the blood pump and the drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 4, when the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution conduit 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous on-off valve 116v and operates two pumps among the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162, thereby performing priming (step S1), as shown in FIG. 3.

[0045] In the first priming state, the control unit 1 performs priming by rotating the blood pump 111 in the normal direction and the drainage pump 162 in the normal direction. That is, in the first priming state, the two pumps that operate are the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162.

[0046] Specifically, when the dialysis fluid pump 160 is stopped, the replacement fluid pump 161 is stopped, the arterial side on-off valve 110v is closed, the first valve 141v is closed, the second valve 131v is closed, the fourth valve 152v is closed, the fifth valve 191v is open, the sixth valve 117v is closed, and the seventh valve 118v is closed, and the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution pipeline 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous side on-off valve 116v and opens the third valve 151v to rotate the blood pump 111 forward and the drainage pump 162 forward.

[0047] As a result, the priming solution 20 passes through the semipermeable membrane 125 in the blood purifier 120, thereby filtering and cleaning the semipermeable membrane 125. The priming solution 20 that has passed through the semipermeable membrane 125 flows through the drainage pipe 151 and is discharged.

[0048] The control unit 1 determines whether the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in the first priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). The constant positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

[0049] In the first priming state, the pressure measuring devices capable of measuring the pressure in the communication space between blood pump 111 and drainage pump 162 are arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, and drainage pressure measuring device 153. The communication space between blood pump 111 and drainage pump 162 also includes a space communicating via semipermeable membrane 125.

[0050] Therefore, the pressure measuring device that measures the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in the first priming state is any one of the arterial pressure measuring device 113, the venous pressure measuring device 115, and the drainage pressure measuring device 153.

[0051] If the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 adjusts the rotation speed of one of the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 (step S3).

[0052] For example, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the venous pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 is less than the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is decreased while the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is increased while the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is maintained.

[0053] Conversely, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the venous side pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 exceeds the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is reduced while maintaining the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is increased while maintaining the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162.

[0054] After step S3, the control unit 1 performs step S2 again. When the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 maintains the rotation speed of each of the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 (step S4). In order to maintain the rotation speed of each of the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in step S4, the control unit 1 performs closed-loop control that repeatedly performs step S2.

[0055] By carrying out the above steps, it is possible to prevent the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 from becoming negative or excessively positive when priming is performed by operating the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162, which are arranged in series through a communication space. Note that negative pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 is undesirable because it generates air bubbles due to shearing of the priming solution 20. Excessively positive pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 requires opening the venous on-off valve 116v to discharge the priming solution 20, which is undesirable because it wastes the priming solution 20.

[0056] In the blood purification device 100 of this embodiment, the flow rate of the blood pump 111 and the flow rate of the drainage pump 162 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162, thereby preventing the manufacturing cost of the blood purification device 100 from increasing.

[0057] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a second priming state in which priming is performed by operating the dialysate pump and the drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 5, when the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution line 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous on-off valve 116v and operates two pumps among the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162, thereby performing priming (step S1), as shown in FIG. 3.

[0059] In the second priming state, the controller 1 performs priming by rotating the dialysate pump 160 in the normal direction and the drainage pump 162 in the normal direction. That is, in the second priming state, the two pumps that operate are the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162.

[0060] Specifically, when the blood pump 111 is stopped, the replacement fluid pump 161 is stopped, the arterial side on-off valve 110v is closed, the first valve 141v is open, the second valve 131v is closed, the fourth valve 152v is closed, the fifth valve 191v is open, the sixth valve 117v is closed, and the seventh valve 118v is closed, and the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution pipeline 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous side on-off valve 116v and opens the third valve 151v to rotate the dialysis fluid pump 160 forward and the drainage pump 162 forward.

[0061] As a result, the first liquid 10 passes over the outer periphery of the semipermeable membrane 125, thereby cleaning the outer periphery of the semipermeable membrane 125. The first liquid 10 that has passed over the outer periphery of the semipermeable membrane 125 flows through the drainage pipe 151 and is discharged.

[0062] The controller 1 determines whether the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device between the dialysis fluid pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 in the second priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). The constant positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

[0063] In the second priming state, the pressure measuring devices capable of measuring the pressure in the communication space between dialysate pump 160 and drainage pump 162 are arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, and drainage pressure measuring device 153. The communication space between dialysate pump 160 and drainage pump 162 also includes a space that communicates via semipermeable membrane 125.

[0064] Therefore, the pressure measuring device that measures the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 in the second priming state is any one of the arterial pressure measuring device 113, the venous pressure measuring device 115, and the drainage pressure measuring device 153.

[0065] If the measured value between the dialysis fluid pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 adjusts the rotation speed of one of the dialysis fluid pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 (step S3).

[0066] For example, if the measured value between the dialysis fluid pump 160 and the drainage fluid pump 162 measured by the drainage pressure measuring device 153 in step S2 is less than the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the drainage fluid pump 162 is decreased while the rotation speed of the dialysis fluid pump 160 is maintained, or the rotation speed of the drainage fluid pump 162 is maintained while the rotation speed of the dialysis fluid pump 160 is increased.

[0067] Conversely, if the measured value between the dialysis fluid pump 160 and the drainage fluid pump 162 measured by the drainage pressure measuring device 153 in step S2 exceeds the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the dialysis fluid pump 160 is decreased while the rotation speed of the drainage fluid pump 162 is maintained, or the rotation speed of the dialysis fluid pump 160 is maintained while the rotation speed of the drainage fluid pump 162 is increased.

[0068] After step S3, the controller 1 performs step S2 again. When the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure, the controller 1 maintains the rotation speed of each of the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 (step S4).

[0069] By carrying out the above steps, when priming is performed by operating the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162, which are arranged in series through a communication space, it is possible to prevent the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 from becoming negative or excessively positive. Note that if the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 becomes negative, bubbles will be generated due to shearing of the first liquid 10, which is undesirable. If the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 becomes excessively positive, it will be necessary to open the venous on-off valve 116v to discharge the priming solution 20, which is undesirable as the priming solution 20 will be wasted.

[0070] In the blood purification device 100 of this embodiment, the flow rate of the dialysate pump 160 and the flow rate of the drainage pump 162 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162, thereby preventing the manufacturing cost of the blood purification device 100 from increasing.

[0071] FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a third priming state in which priming is performed by operating the blood pump and the dialysate pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 6, when the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution pipeline 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous on-off valve 116v and operates two pumps among the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162, thereby performing priming (step S1), as shown in FIG. 3.

[0073] In the third priming state, the controller 1 performs priming by rotating the blood pump 111 in the forward direction and the dialysate pump 160 in the reverse direction. That is, in the third priming state, the two pumps that operate are the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160.

[0074] Specifically, when the replacement fluid pump 161 is stopped, the drainage pump 162 is stopped, the arterial side on-off valve 110v is closed, the first valve 141v is closed, the third valve 151v is closed, the fourth valve 152v is closed, the fifth valve 191v is open, the sixth valve 117v is closed, and the seventh valve 118v is closed, and the priming solution 20 is supplied from the priming solution pipeline 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, the blood purifier 120, and the venous blood circuit 116, the control unit 1 closes the venous side on-off valve 116v and opens the second valve 131v to rotate the blood pump 111 forward and the dialysis fluid pump 160 in reverse.

[0075] As a result, the priming solution 20 flows into the first measuring bag 140, and the first measuring bag 140 is also primed.

[0076] The control unit 1 determines whether the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 in the third priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). The constant positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

[0077] In the third priming state, the pressure measuring devices capable of measuring the pressure in the communication space between blood pump 111 and dialysate pump 160 are arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, and drainage pressure measuring device 153. The communication space between blood pump 111 and dialysate pump 160 also includes a space that communicates via semipermeable membrane 125.

[0078] Therefore, the pressure measuring device that measures the pressure between blood pump 111 and dialysate pump 160 in the third priming state is any one of arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, and drainage pressure measuring device 153.

[0079] If the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysis fluid pump 160 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 adjusts the rotation speed of one of the blood pump 111 and the dialysis fluid pump 160 (step S3).

[0080] For example, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the venous pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 is less than the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is decreased, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is increased.

[0081] Conversely, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the venous pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 exceeds the above-mentioned certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is decreased while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is increased.

[0082] After step S3, the control unit 1 performs step S2 again. When the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 maintains the rotation speed of each of the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 (step S4).

[0083] By carrying out the above steps, when priming is performed by operating the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160, which are arranged in series through a communication space, it is possible to prevent the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 from becoming negative or excessively positive. Note that if the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 becomes negative, air bubbles will be generated by shearing of the priming solution 20, which is undesirable. If the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 becomes excessively positive, it will be necessary to open the venous on-off valve 116v to discharge the priming solution 20, which is undesirable because the priming solution 20 will be wasted.

[0084] In the blood purification device 100 of this embodiment, the flow rate of the blood pump 111 and the flow rate of the dialysate pump 160 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160, thereby preventing the manufacturing costs of the blood purification device 100 from increasing.

[0085] In the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment, three primings, namely, the first priming state to the third priming state, can be performed, but the configuration is not limited to one that can perform all three primings, as long as at least one of the three primings can be performed.

[0086] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, not by the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0087] 1 control unit, 10 first fluid, 20 priming fluid, 100 blood purification device, 110 arterial blood circuit, 110v arterial on-off valve, 111 blood pump, 112 arterial air trap chamber, 113 arterial pressure measuring device, 114 venous air trap chamber, 115 venous pressure measuring device, 116 venous blood circuit, 116v venous on-off valve, 117 arterial supply and exhaust pipe, 117f arterial protection filter, 117v sixth valve, 118 venous supply and exhaust pipe, 118f venous protection filter, 118v seventh valve, 120 blood purifier, 121 blood inlet, 122 blood outlet, 123 drainage outlet, 124 dialysis fluid inlet, 125 semipermeable membrane, 130 first supply source, 131 replacement fluid pipe, 131v second valve, 132 First connecting pipe, 140 First measuring bag, 141 Dialysis fluid pipe, 141v First valve, 150 Second measuring bag, 151 Drainage pipe, 151f Drainage protection filter, 151v Third valve, 152 Second connecting pipe, 152v Fourth valve, 153 Drainage pressure measuring device, 160 Dialysis fluid pump, 161 Replacement fluid pump, 162 Drainage pump, 170 First heater, 171 Second heater, 180 Scale, 181 Storage section, 190 Primer fluid supply source, 191 Primer fluid pipe, 191v Fifth valve.

Claims

1. Blood purifier and an arterial blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for allowing blood to flow into the blood purifier; a venous blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for allowing blood to flow out of the blood purifier; a fluid replacement line connected to the arterial blood circuit or the venous blood circuit for supplying a replacement fluid; a dialysate line for supplying dialysate to the blood purifier; a drainage pipe through which the drainage liquid discharged from the blood purifier flows; a blood pump provided in the arterial blood circuit for pumping blood; an arterial air trap chamber provided in the arterial blood circuit; an arterial on-off valve provided in the arterial blood circuit for opening and closing the arterial blood circuit; a venous air trap chamber provided in the venous blood circuit; a venous on-off valve provided in the venous blood circuit for opening and closing the venous blood circuit; a priming solution line connected to the arterial blood circuit between the arterial on-off valve and the blood pump, for supplying a priming solution; a replacement fluid pump provided in the replacement fluid line and configured to pump out the replacement fluid; a dialysate pump provided in the dialysate line for pumping the dialysate; a drainage pump provided in the drainage pipeline for pumping out the drainage liquid; a first measuring bag connected to the replacement fluid line, which temporarily stores the replacement fluid and can deliver the stored replacement fluid; a pressure measuring device for measuring a pressure between any two of the blood pump, the dialysate pump, and the drainage pump; a control unit to which a measurement value measured by the pressure measuring device is input, the control unit adjusts the rotation speed of one of the two pumps so that the measurement value measured by the pressure measuring device is maintained at a constant positive pressure when priming is performed by closing the venous on-off valve and operating the two pumps while the priming solution is supplied from the priming solution conduit to the arterial blood circuit, the blood purifier, and the venous blood circuit.

2. 2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure measuring device is any one of an arterial pressure measuring device that measures the pressure in the arterial air trap chamber, a venous pressure measuring device that measures the pressure in the venous air trap chamber, and a drainage pressure measuring device that measures the pressure in the drainage line.

3. the two pumps are the blood pump and the drainage pump; The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the control unit performs priming by rotating the blood pump in a normal direction and the drainage pump in a normal direction.

4. the two pumps are the dialysate pump and the drainage pump; The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the control unit performs priming by rotating the dialysate pump in a normal direction and the drainage pump in a normal direction.

5. the two pumps are the blood pump and the dialysis fluid pump; The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the control unit performs priming by rotating the blood pump in a forward direction and the dialysate pump in a reverse direction.

6. 6. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the constant positive pressure is equal to or greater than 5 kPa and equal to or less than 7 kPa.

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