Medicines for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a medicinal composition for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer.　The present invention provides a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer in cancer patients who have a past history of another cancer treatment, said medicament being characterized by containing a combination of a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin with an antibody or a fragment thereof having an immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein, either separately or in a combined form.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical agent for treating and / or preventing cancer, which uses an antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein or a fragment thereof, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin. [Background technology]

[0002] Various antibody drugs targeting specific antigen proteins on cancer cells have been applied to cancer treatment as cancer therapeutic agents with few side effects due to their cancer specificity. For example, cytoplasmic-activation and proliferation-associated protein 1 (CAPRIN-1) is expressed on the cell membrane surface of many solid cancers, and antibodies against this CAPRIN-1 protein are known to be promising pharmaceuticals for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer (Patent Document 1).

[0003] In recent clinical trials, the use of multiple anticancer drugs in combination has become standard treatment to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments. For example, for colorectal cancer, a combination of irinotecan, folinic acid, and fluorouracil is commonly used; for breast cancer, a combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, or a combination of paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab is commonly used; and for gastric cancer, a combination of multiple anticancer drugs, such as carboplatin and fluorouracil, is commonly used. Cancer treatments containing anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies as active ingredients have also been shown to have excellent cancer therapeutic effects when used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents (Patent Document 2). However, cancer treatments using combinations of chemotherapeutic agents are not effective against all cancers, and while some may additively enhance therapeutic effects, few significantly synergistically enhance therapeutic effects.

[0004] A specific example of a cancer therapy using a combination of multiple cancer therapeutic agents is the combination of a pyrimidine drug (eg, gemcitabine) and carboplatin.

[0005] The combination of gemcitabine and carboplatin, also known as CBDCA+GEM, has been tried in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, recurrent and advanced ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer (e.g., triple-negative breast cancer), and urothelial cancer.

[0006] Breast cancer known as TNBC (triple-negative breast cancer (breast cancer that is negative for the HER2 protein and negative for the hormone receptors called ER and PgR)) is a highly malignant type of breast cancer that is difficult to treat and for which endocrine therapy or anti-HER2 therapy is unlikely to be effective. In recent years, advances in the analysis of gene expression profiles have led to the classification of TNBC. For Basal-like subtype breast cancer (BLBC), the most common type of TNBC, treatment with epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC treatment) followed by docetaxel has been shown to have no effect when carboplatin is administered (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0007] Ovarian cancer is prone to metastasis into the abdominal cavity, lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. Especially in advanced stage III and IV ovarian cancers, recurrence occurs within two years of initial treatment in over 50% of cases. For such metastatic ovarian cancers, gemcitabine and carboplatin combination therapy (GC) is used. However, in patients with a PFI (platinum-free interval) of 6 months or more from the end of initial chemotherapy to recurrence (so-called platinum-sensitive patients), the response rate to post-recurrence treatment is 40% or higher. In contrast, in patients with a PFI of less than 6 months from the end of chemotherapy to recurrence (so-called platinum-insensitive patients), the response rate to post-recurrence treatment is 10% or less, resulting in a poor prognosis (Non-Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] WO2010 / 016526 issue [Patent Document 2] WO2011 / 096535 No. [Non-patent literature]

[0009] [Non-Patent Document 1] J Clin Oncol,2012,30,1879-1887 [Non-patent document 2] Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology "Ovarian Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2015 Edition" Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical agent for treating and / or preventing cancers that specifically express CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] As a result of extensive research, the present inventors have found that a combination of an antibody or a fragment thereof against the CAPRIN-1 protein, which has immunological reactivity with cancer cells, with a pyrimidine drug (e.g., gemcitabine) and carboplatin, exerts an extremely strong antitumor effect in cancer patients, particularly in cancer patients who have a history of cancer treatment with pharmaceuticals other than the combination therapy, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0012] Specifically, the present invention relates to the following embodiments (1) to (17).

[0013] (1) A pharmaceutical for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer, comprising a combination, either together or separately, of an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin, characterized in that the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a pharmaceutical other than cancer treatment with a pharmaceutical comprising a combination, either together or separately, of an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin.

[0014] (2) The pharmaceutical according to (1), wherein the cancer is a cancer in a cancer patient with a history of cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug.

[0015] (3) The pharmaceutical according to (1) or (2), wherein the cancer is a cancer in a cancer patient for whom cancer treatment with a pharmaceutical other than cancer treatment with a pharmaceutical containing an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein in combination with a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin, either together or separately, has been ineffective.

[0016] (4) The pharmaceutical agent according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the cancer is a cancer in a cancer patient for whom cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug has been ineffective.

[0017] (5) The pharmaceutical product according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the pyrimidine drug is gemcitabine and / or a gemcitabine derivative.

[0018] (6) The pharmaceutical according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the antibody or fragment thereof is immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein having an amino acid sequence represented by any of the even-numbered sequence numbers among SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 30, or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more sequence identity with the amino acid sequence.

[0019] (7) The pharmaceutical according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the antibody or fragment thereof is immunologically reactive with the extracellular domain of CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells.

[0020] (8) The pharmaceutical according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the antibody or a fragment thereof is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having an amino acid sequence represented by any one of SEQ ID NOs: 31 to 35, 296 to 299, 308, and 309, or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more sequence identity with said amino acid sequence.

[0021] (9) The pharmaceutical according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.

[0022] (10) The pharmaceutical product according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the antibody or fragment thereof is any one of the following (A) to (M): (A) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 37, and 38, respectively, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 40, 41, and 42, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (B) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 44, 45, and 46, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 48, 49, and 50, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (C) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 52, 53, and 54, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 56, 57, and 58, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (D) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 60, 61, and 62, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 64, 65, and 66, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (E) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 170, 171, and 172, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 173, 174, and 175, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (F) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 176, 177, and 178, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 179, 180, and 181, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (G) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 182, 183, and 184, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 185, 186, and 187, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (H) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 188, 189, and 190, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 191, 192, and 193, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (I) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 146, 147, and 148, respectively, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 149, 150, and 151, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (J) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 272, 273, and 274, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 275, 276, and 277, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. (K) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 290, 291, and 292, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 293, 294, and 295, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (L) Sequence number 300 , 301 and 302 and a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NO: 304 , 305 and 306 and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of (M) An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 135, and 136, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 137, 138, and 139, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein.

[0023] (11) The pharmaceutical product according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the antibody or the fragment thereof is any one of the following (a) to (a1): (a) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 43; (b) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 51; (c) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 55 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 59 (d) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 63 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67 (e) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69 (f) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 70 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 71; (g) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 73 (h) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 75 (i) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 76 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 77; (j) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 78 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 79 (k) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 80 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 81 (l) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 82 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 83 (m) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 84 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 85 (n) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 86 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 87 (o) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 88 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 89 (p) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 90 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 91 (q) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 92 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 93 (r) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95 (s) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97 (t) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99 (u) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101 (v) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103 (w) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 (x) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 107 (y) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109 (z) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111 (aa) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113 (ab) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115 (ac) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117 (ad) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119 (ae) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 120 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 121 (af) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 122 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 123 (ag) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 124 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 125 (ah) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 126 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 127 (ai) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 128 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 129 (aj) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 130 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131. (ak) an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 132 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 133 (a1) the heavy chain variable region is SEQ ID NO: 303 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 307 An antibody or fragment thereof comprising the amino acid sequence of

[0024] (12) The pharmaceutical according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the antibody is a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, or a single-chain antibody.

[0025] (13) The pharmaceutical agent according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein the cancer expresses CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell membrane surface.

[0026] (14) The cancer is ovarian cancer, bile duct cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, mesothelial cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Department The pharmaceutical product according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the cancer is cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, urothelial carcinoma, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, primary central nervous system lymphoma, primary testicular lymphoma, biliary tract cancer, brain tumor, prostate cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, liver cancer, sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, mast cell tumor, adrenocortical carcinoma, Ewing's tumor, multiple myeloma, testicular cancer, thyroid cancer, basal cell carcinoma, Paget's disease, or skin cancer.

[0027] (15) A drug efficacy enhancer for a pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer, which contains as active ingredients a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin, and an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein, characterized in that the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing a combination, either together or separately, of an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein, and a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin.

[0028] (16) A drug efficacy enhancer for a pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer, which comprises an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein as an active ingredient, and a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin as active ingredients, characterized in that the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin, either together or separately.

[0029] (17) A method for treating and / or preventing cancer, comprising administering to a subject an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin, either together or separately, wherein the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing a combination of an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin, either together or separately.

[0030] This specification includes the disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-043020, from which this application claims priority. [Effects of the Invention]

[0031] The combined use of the antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein or its fragment according to the present invention with a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin exhibits a stronger antitumor effect than the use of the antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein alone or an existing chemotherapy drug (a combination of a pyrimidine drug and a platinum drug). Furthermore, the combined use of the antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein or its fragment according to the present invention with a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin exhibits a stronger antitumor effect than the use of an existing anticancer drug therapy and a single treatment with an antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein. Therefore, the combined use of the antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein Antibodies against or its fragments To , and its combination with pyrimidine drugs and carboplatin is effective in treating and preventing cancer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The antitumor activity of the antibody against the CAPRIN-1 protein or its fragment (hereinafter referred to as "anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody") used in the present invention in combination with a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin can be evaluated by examining the inhibition of tumor growth in tumor-bearing animals in vivo, as described below.

[0033] The term "comprising a combination of drugs together or separately" as used herein means that multiple drugs are contained in a form that can be administered to a patient simultaneously or separately, and the form may be, for example, a so-called mixed preparation in which multiple drugs are mixed, or a so-called kit preparation in which multiple drugs are contained as individual preparations.

[0034] Such a kit preparation according to the present invention may be, for example, a kit preparation comprising a preparation (or pharmaceutical composition) containing an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody and a preparation (or pharmaceutical composition) containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin. Furthermore, the kit preparation according to the present invention may contain other preparations (other known antitumor agents or other pyrimidine drugs) in addition to the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin.

[0035] As used herein, the terms "concomitant use" or "combination" refer to the administration of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin to the same living body simultaneously or at a predetermined interval, each as an independent active ingredient. The intervals may be simultaneous, or may be 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks apart. Either the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody or the drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin may be administered when it exhibits its activity in vivo. Alternatively, the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody may be administered first, or the drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin may be administered first.

[0036] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody, preferably a monoclonal antibody. The antibody of the present invention may be any type of antibody as long as it can exhibit anti-tumor activity, and the antibody may be a recombinant antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, or a non-human animal antibody.

[0037] Furthermore, subjects to be treated and / or prevented for cancer in the present invention include mammals such as humans, pet animals, livestock, and sport animals, with humans being the preferred subject.

[0038] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, which comprises an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin as active ingredients, and the method for treating and / or preventing cancer, are described below.

[0039] <Anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody> Among CAPRIN-1 proteins having amino acid sequences represented by any of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOS: 2 to 30, which are specific examples of antigens immunologically reactive with the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies used in the present invention, the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOS: 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 are those of canine CAPRIN-1 protein, the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOS: 2 and 4 are those of human CAPRIN-1 protein, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOS: 16 is that of bovine CAPRIN-1 protein, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOS: 18 is that of equine CAPRIN-1 protein, the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOS: 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 are those of mouse CAPRIN-1 protein, and the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOS: 30 is that of chicken CAPRIN-1 protein.

[0040] Furthermore, the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention may be immunologically reactive with a variant of the CAPRIN-1 protein that has 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 99% or more sequence identity with any of the amino acid sequences represented by any of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 30. As used herein, "% sequence identity" refers to the percentage (%) of identical amino acids (or bases) relative to the total number of amino acids (or bases) when the two sequences are aligned to maximize similarity, with or without introducing gaps.

[0041] In the present invention, an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody refers to an antibody or a fragment thereof (antigen-binding fragment) that is immunologically reactive with the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or a fragment thereof. Here, "immunological reactivity" refers to the property of an antibody specifically binding to the CAPRIN-1 protein or a partial polypeptide thereof in vivo.

[0042] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.

[0043] Polyclonal antibodies immunologically reactive with the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or a fragment thereof (anti-CAPRIN-1 polyclonal antibodies) can be obtained by immunizing mice, human antibody-producing mice, rats, rabbits, chickens, etc. with, for example, the native CAPRIN-1 protein, a fusion protein with GST or the like, or a partial peptide thereof, followed by obtaining serum. The obtained serum can be purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, protein A, protein G, a DEAE ion exchange column, or an affinity column bound to the CAPRIN-1 protein or a partial peptide.

[0044] The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CAPRIN-1 and its homologs used in the immunization can be obtained, for example, by accessing GenBank (NCBI, USA) and using algorithms such as BLAST and FASTA (Karlin and Altschul, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90:5873-5877, 1993; Altschul et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389-3402, 1997). Methods for producing the CAPRIN-1 protein can be obtained by referring to WO2014 / 012479, and cells expressing the CAPRIN-1 protein can also be used.

[0045] Monoclonal antibodies immunologically reactive with the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or a fragment thereof (anti-CAPRIN-1 monoclonal antibodies) can be obtained, for example, by immunizing mice with SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells expressing CAPRIN-1 or the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or a fragment thereof, fusing spleen cells isolated from the mice with myeloma cells, and selecting clones producing anti-CAPRIN-1 monoclonal antibodies from the resulting fused cells (hybridomas). Antibodies produced by the selected hybridomas can be obtained by methods similar to those used for purifying polyclonal antibodies, as described above.

[0046] The antibodies used in the present invention include human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies, and non-human animal antibodies.

[0047] Human antibodies can be obtained by sensitizing human lymphocytes infected with EB virus with the protein, protein-expressing cells, or their lysates, fusing the sensitized lymphocytes with myeloma cells such as human U266 cells, and obtaining antibodies immunologically reactive with the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or fragments thereof from the resulting fused cells.

[0048] Humanized antibodies are modified antibodies, also known as reshaped human antibodies. Humanized antibodies are constructed by grafting the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of an antibody derived from an immunized animal onto the CDRs of a human antibody. Genetic recombination, a common technique for this purpose, is also well known. Specifically, for example, a DNA sequence designed to link the CDRs of a mouse or rabbit antibody with the framework regions of a human antibody is synthesized by PCR from several oligonucleotides engineered to have overlapping ends. The resulting DNA is ligated to DNA encoding the constant regions of a human antibody, incorporated into an expression vector, and then introduced into a host for production (see European Patent Application Publication No. EP239400 and International Publication No. WO96 / 02576). The framework regions of the human antibody linked via the CDRs are selected so that the CDRs form a good antigen-binding site. If necessary, amino acids in the framework regions of the variable regions of the antibody may be substituted so that the complementarity-determining regions of the reshaped human antibody form an appropriate antigen-binding site (Sato K. et al., Cancer Research 1993, 53: 851-856). Alternatively, the framework regions may be substituted with those from various human antibodies (see WO99 / 51743).

[0049] Antibodies are typically heteromeric glycoproteins containing at least two heavy chains and two light chains. Antibodies consist of two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains. A heavy chain has a heavy chain variable region at one end, followed by several constant regions. A light chain has a light chain variable region at one end, followed by several constant regions. The variable regions contain specific variable regions called complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), which confer binding specificity to the antibody. Relatively conserved portions of the variable regions are called framework regions (FRs). Each complete heavy and light chain variable region contains four FRs linked by three CDRs (CDR1 to CDR3).

[0050] The sequences of the constant and variable regions of human-derived heavy and light chains are available from, for example, NCBI (GenBank, UniGene, etc., in the United States). For example, reference can be made to the sequences of the human IgG1 heavy chain constant region under accession number J00228, the human IgG2 heavy chain constant region under accession number J00230, the human light chain κ constant region under accession numbers V00557, X64135, X64133, etc., and the human light chain λ constant region under accession numbers X64132 and X64134, etc.

[0051] Chimeric antibodies are antibodies produced by combining sequences derived from different animals, for example, a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region of a mouse antibody and a heavy chain variable region of a human antibody. Steady Regions and light chains Steady territory Area? Chimeric antibodies can be produced using known methods, for example, by ligating DNA encoding the V region of an antibody with DNA encoding the C region of a human antibody, incorporating the resultant into an expression vector, and introducing the vector into a host for production.

[0052] Non-human animal antibodies can be obtained by immunizing animals with a sensitizing antigen according to known methods. A typical method is to inject the sensitizing antigen intraperitoneally, intradermally, or subcutaneously into animals such as mice. When injecting the sensitizing antigen, the antigen is mixed with an appropriate amount of various adjuvants, such as Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA), and then administered to the animal multiple times. After immunizing an animal and confirming that the serum contains anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies, the serum is obtained and purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, protein A, protein G, a DEAE ion exchange column, or an affinity column coupled with CAPRIN-1 protein or a partial peptide, as described above, to obtain non-human animal antibodies. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies can be obtained from non-human animals by collecting immune cells from the immunized animal and subjecting them to cell fusion with myeloma cells. Cell fusion between the immune cells and myeloma cells can be performed according to known methods (see Kohler, G. and Milstein, C. Methods Enzymol. (1981) 73, 3-46).

[0053] The antibodies used in the present invention can also be obtained as recombinant antibodies produced by cloning antibody genes from hybridomas, incorporating them into appropriate vectors, and introducing them into a host using genetic engineering techniques (see Carl, A.K. Borrebaeck, James, W. Larrick, THERAPEUTIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, Published in the United Kingdom by MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, 1990).

[0054] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention may have amino acids in the variable region (e.g., FR) or constant region substituted with other amino acids. The amino acid substitutions are single or multiple, for example, fewer than 15, fewer than 10, 8 or fewer, 6 or fewer, 5 or fewer, 4 or fewer, 3 or fewer, or 2 or fewer amino acids, preferably 1 to 9 amino acids. The substituted antibody should have the same or higher antigen-specific binding properties and antigen-binding affinity as the unsubstituted antibody, and should not induce rejection in humans. Conservative amino acid substitutions are preferred, which are substitutions between amino acids with similar properties, such as charge, side chain, polarity, and aromaticity. Amino acids with similar properties can be classified into, for example, basic amino acids (arginine, lysine, histidine), acidic amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar amino acids (glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine), nonpolar amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, alanine, valine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine), branched-chain amino acids (threonine, valine, isoleucine), and aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, histidine).

[0055] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention is expected to have a stronger antitumor effect if it has a higher binding affinity with the CAPRIN-1 protein on the surface of cancer cells. The binding constant (affinity constant) Ka (k / k) is preferably at least 10 7 M-1 , at least 10 8 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 8 M -1 , at least 10 9 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 9 M -1 , at least 10 10 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 10 M -1 , at least 10 11 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 11 M -1 , at least 10 12 M -1 , or at least 10 13 M -1 It is desirable that:

[0056] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention may be chemically modified. Examples of such modified antibodies include antibodies conjugated to various molecules, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or antitumor compounds (e.g., the antitumor agents exemplified below). The conjugated substance of the modified antibody of the present invention is not limited. Such modified antibodies can be obtained by chemically modifying the antibody. These methods have already been established in the field. The binding ability of the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention to effector cells can be improved by substituting one, two, or several amino acids in the heavy chain constant region of the antibody, or by removing fucose bound to N-acetylglucosamine in the N-glycoside-linked sugar chain bound to the heavy chain constant region. The above may be achieved by amino acid substitution alone, or by forming a composition with an antibody to which fucose is bound.

[0057] Antibodies in which one, two, or several amino acids in the heavy chain constant region have been substituted can be produced by referring to, for example, WO2004 / 063351, WO2011 / 120135, U.S. Patent No. 8,388,955, WO2011 / 005481, U.S. Patent No. 6,737,056, and WO2005 / 063351.

[0058] Antibodies from which fucose attached to N-acetylglucosamine in N-glycoside-linked sugar chains in the heavy chain constant region has been removed, or cells producing such antibodies, can be prepared with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,602,684, European Patent No. 1,914,244, and U.S. Patent No. 7,579,170. Antibodies from which fucose attached to N-acetylglucosamine in N-glycoside-linked sugar chains attached to the heavy chain constant region has been removed, and compositions of antibodies to which fucose has been bound, or cells producing such antibodies, can be prepared with reference to, for example, U.S. Patent No. 8,642,292.

[0059] The anti-CAPRIN-1 polyclonal antibody, anti-CAPRIN-1 monoclonal antibody, antibody production method, purification method, and method for producing the CAPRIN-1 protein or its partial polypeptide used in immunization used in the present invention are disclosed in WO2010 / 016526, WO2011 / 096517, WO2011 / 096528, WO2011 / 096519, WO2011 / 096533, WO2011 / 096534, and WO2011 / 09653 5, WO2013 / 018886, WO2013 / 018894, WO2013 / 018892, WO2013 / 018891, WO2013 / 018889, WO2013 / 018883, WO2013 / 125636, WO2013 / 125654, WO2013 / 125630, WO2013 / 125640, WO2013 / 147169, WO2013 / 147176 and WO2015 / 020212.

[0060] Specific examples of anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies of the present invention include those described in WO2010 / 016526, WO2011 / 096517, WO2011 / 096528, WO2011 / 096519, WO2011 / 096533, WO2011 / 096534, WO2011 / 096535, WO2013 / 018886, WO2013 / 018894, WO2013 / 018892, and WO2013 / 018891. , WO2013 / 018889, WO2013 / 018883, WO2013 / 125636, WO2013 / 125654, WO2013 / 125630, WO2013 / 125640, WO2013 / 147169, WO2013 / 147176, and WO2015 / 020212, but preferred anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies include the following:

[0061] An antibody or fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 4, or an amino acid sequence that has 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, even more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 99% or more) sequence identity with said amino acid sequence.

[0062] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity with said amino acid sequence. An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein, preferably comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 37, and 38 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 40, 41, and 42 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), or an antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 140, 141, and 142 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 143, 144, and 145. an antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 164, 165, and 166 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 167, 168, and 169 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein; or an antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 164, 165, and 166 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 167, 168, and 169 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof has a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 43, or a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 70 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 71, or a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 78 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 79.

[0063] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 33 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 60, 61, and 62 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 64, 65, and 66 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 63 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67.

[0064] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 32 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 52, 53, and 54 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 56, 57, and 58 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 55 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 59.

[0065] An antibody or fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or an amino acid sequence that has 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity with said amino acid sequence. Preferably, an antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 170, 171, and 172 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 173, 174, and 175 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and having immunological reactivity with the CAPRIN-1 protein; or an antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 176, 177, and 178 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 179, 180, and 181 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and having immunological reactivity with the CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof has a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 80 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 81, or an antibody or fragment thereof has a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 82 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 83.

[0066] An antibody or fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 35 or an amino acid sequence that has 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity with said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 182, 183, and 184 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 185, 186, and 187 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein; or an antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 188, 189, and 190 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 191, 192, and 193 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof has a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 84 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 85, or an antibody or fragment thereof has a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 86 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 87.

[0067] An antibody or fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) of SEQ ID NOs: 44, 45, and 46, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) of SEQ ID NOs: 48, 49, and 50, and having immunological reactivity with CAPRIN-1 protein. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises the heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47, and the light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 51.

[0068] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of the CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 296 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. An antibody or fragment thereof preferably comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 146, 147, and 148 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 149, 150, and 151 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, an antibody or fragment thereof whose heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72 and whose light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 73.

[0069] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 297 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. An antibody or fragment thereof preferably comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 272, 273, and 274 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 275, 276, and 277 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, an antibody or fragment thereof whose heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114 and whose light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115.

[0070] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 298 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 290, 291, and 292 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 293, 294, and 295 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with a CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 120 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 121.

[0071] An antibody or fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of the CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 299 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity with said amino acid sequence. 300 , 301 and 302 and a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NO: 304 , 305 and 306 and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID 303 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 307 An antibody or fragment thereof comprising the amino acid sequence of

[0072] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of the CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 308 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 135, and 136 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 137, 138, and 139 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69.

[0073] An antibody or fragment thereof immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of the CAPRIN-1 protein having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 309 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or more (preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more) sequence identity to said amino acid sequence. Preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 135, and 136 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions of SEQ ID NOs: 137, 138, and 139 (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively), and is immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein. More preferably, the antibody or fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69.

[0074] In addition, the following anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies are also preferably used.

[0075] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69.

[0076] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 70 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 71.

[0077] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 73.

[0078] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 75.

[0079] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 76 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 77.

[0080] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 78 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 79.

[0081] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 80 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 81.

[0082] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 82 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 83.

[0083] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 84 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 85.

[0084] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 86 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 87.

[0085] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 88 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 89.

[0086] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 90 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 91.

[0087] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 92 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 93.

[0088] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95.

[0089] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97.

[0090] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99.

[0091] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101.

[0092] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103.

[0093] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105.

[0094] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 107.

[0095] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0096] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111.

[0097] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113.

[0098] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115.

[0099] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117.

[0100] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119.

[0101] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 120 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 121.

[0102] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 122 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 123.

[0103] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 124 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 125.

[0104] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 126 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 127.

[0105] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 128 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 129.

[0106] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 130 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131.

[0107] An antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 132 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 133.

[0108] The heavy chain variable region is 303 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 307 An antibody or fragment thereof comprising the amino acid sequence of

[0109] In the Examples described below, a strong antitumor effect was confirmed in tumor-bearing living bodies by combining the above-mentioned polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies against the full-length CAPRIN-1 protein or a polypeptide of a part of the region expressed on the cell membrane surface of cancer cells with a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin.

[0110] <Pyrimidine drugs> Pyrimidine drugs include fluorouracil (5-FU) and tegafur (FT), a prodrug of fluorouracil. , Do Examples include xifluridine, cytarabine preparations, and derivatives thereof, and preferred are gemcitabine and / or gemcitabine derivatives.

[0111] <Carboplatin> Carboplatin is a compound derived from (SP-4-2)-Diammine [cyclobutan-1,1-dica rb oxylato(2-)-O,O']platinum. Here, carboplatin is a compound that is administered to the body using an appropriate isotonic agent or pH adjuster. Adjuster Alternatively, it may contain an appropriate dosage form.

[0112] <Other drugs> The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, pyrimidine drug, and drug containing carboplatin as active ingredients of the pharmaceutical of the present invention may be used in combination with an antitumor drug known in the literature, etc. There are no particular limitations on the known antitumor drug, and specific examples include paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, thiotepa, busulfan, improsulfan, piposulfan, benzodopa, carboquone, meturedopa, uredopa, altretamine, triethylenemelamine, triethylenephosphoramide, and triethylenethiophene. Triethilenethiophosphoramide, trimethylolomelamine, bullatacin, bullatacinone, camptothecin, bryostatin, callystatin, cryptophycin 1, cryptophycin 8, dolastatin, duocarmycin, eleutherobin, pancratistatin, sarcodictyin, spongistatin, chlorambucil, chlornaphazine RNAphazine, colofsphamide, estramustine, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride, melphalan, novembichin, phenesterine, prednimustine, trofosfamide, uracil mustard, carmustine, chlorozotocin, fotemustine, lomustine, nimustine, ranimustine, calicheamicin, dynemicin, clodronate methicillin, esperamicin, aclacinomycin, actinomycin, authramycin, azaserine, bleomycin, cactinomycin, carabicin, carminomycin, carzinophilin, chromomycin, dactinomycin, detorbicin, 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine, adriamycin, epirubicin, esorubicin, idarubicin, marcellomycin, mitomycin C, mycophenolic acidacid), nogalamycin, olivomycin, peplomycin, potfiromycin, puromycin, quelamycin, rodorubicin, streptonigrin, streptozocin, tubercidin, ubenimex, zinostatin, zorubicin, denopterin, pteropterin, trimetrexate, Fludarabine, 6-mercaptopurine, thiamiprine, thioguanine, ancitabine, azacitidine, 6-azauridine, carmofur, dideoxyuridine, enocitabine, floxuridine; androgens such as calusterone, dromostanolone propionate, epithiostanol, mepitiostane, testolactone, aminoglutethimide, mitotane, trilostane, furoic acid, aceglatone, aldophosphamide glycoside, aminolevulinic acid, eniluracil, amsacrine, bestrabucil, bisantrene , De Defofamine, demecolcine, diaziquone, Frol Nitin(e flornithine, elliptinium acetate, epothilone, etoglucid, lentinan, lonidamine, maytansine, ansamitocin, mitoguazone, mitoxantrone, mopidanmol, nitraerine, pentostatin, phenamet, pirarubicin, losoxantrone, podophyllinic acid, 2-ethylhydrazide, procarbazine, razoxane, rhizoxin, schizofiran, spirogermanium, tenuazonic acid acid), triaziquone, roridine A, anguidine, urethane, vindesine, dacarbazine, mannomustine, mitobronitol, mitolactol, pipobroman, gacytosine, doxorubicin, S Taxel 、6 -Thioguanine, mercaptopurine, oxaliplatin, vinblastine, etoposide , B These include prazolam, vinorelbine, novantrone, teniposide, edatrexate, daunomycin, aminopterin, xeloda, ibandronate, irinotecan, topoisomerase inhibitors, difluoromethylolnitine (DMFO), retinoic acid, and pharmaceutically acceptable (known) salts or (known) derivatives thereof.

[0113] <Anti-tumor effect of the present invention> The combination of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin of the present invention has cytotoxic activity in vivo. Therefore, the antitumor effect of the present invention can be determined by examining the cytotoxic activity against cancer. The cytotoxic activity can be evaluated by administering a drug containing an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin to a living body with cancer, measuring the tumor size after administration, and examining the cancer size over time. The antitumor effect of the present invention can also be evaluated by examining the survival rate. It can also be evaluated by examining the ability to produce cytokines or chemokines. The antitumor effect of the combination of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention with a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and a drug containing carboplatin can be further determined by examining the prevention of cancer, metastasis, or recurrence.

[0114] The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention is expected to have a stronger antitumor effect if it has a higher binding affinity with the CAPRIN-1 protein on the surface of cancer cells. The binding constant (affinity constant) Ka (k / k) is preferably at least 10 7 M -1 , at least 10 8 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 8 M -1 , at least 10 9 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 9 M -1 , at least 10 10 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 10 M -1 , at least 10 11 M -1 , at least 5 × 10 11 M -1 , at least 10 12 M -1 , or at least 10 13 M -1 It is desirable that:

[0115] The ability of the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody used in the present invention to bind to CAPRIN-1 can be determined using binding assays such as ELISA, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry.

[0116] As described above, administration of a combination of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention and a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin to a living body with cancer enhances the anti-tumor effect compared to the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody alone, with the enhancement rate being preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 55% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, even more preferably 65% ​​or more, and most preferably 70% or more. The enhancement rate of the anti-tumor effect of the combination of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention and a drug containing a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin compared to the administration of the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody alone can be calculated by administering effective amounts of each drug to tumor-bearing mice under the same conditions and comparing the tumor volumes 7 days or later after the start of administration.

[0117] <Medicines for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer> The pharmaceutical agent of the present invention is intended to treat and / or prevent cancer. The cancer targeted by the pharmaceutical agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a cancer (cell) that expresses CAPRIN-1 protein.

[0118] As used herein, "treatment" refers to the treatment of cancer based on the antitumor effect described above. Furthermore, as used herein, "prevention" refers not only to the prevention of cancer onset, but also to the prevention of cancer metastasis or recurrence.

[0119] As used herein, the terms "tumor" and "cancer" refer to malignant neoplasms and are used interchangeably.

[0120] In the present invention, cancer patients who have a history of cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing an antibody or a fragment thereof immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein in combination, together or separately, with a pyrimidine drug and carboplatin, are cancer patients who have received cancer treatment with a drug other than such a combination, and also include patients who have been previously treated with a chemotherapy agent, a molecular targeted drug, or a hormone therapy. For example, see the "NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology" and the "ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology" and ... ce The cancer patient may be a cancer patient who has received cancer treatment in accordance with the "Guidelines for Cancer Treatment" or the "Guidelines for Cancer Treatment." Preferably, the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a platinum preparation. Preferably, the cancer patient has a history of cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum preparation (specific examples include carboplatin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and nedaplatin).

[0121] Furthermore, the patient is preferably a cancer patient who has not responded to cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody in combination with a pyrimidine drug and a platinum drug, either together or separately. ,difference More preferably, the patient is a cancer patient who has not responded to cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug.

[0122] Furthermore, the patient is preferably a cancer patient having a cancer that is resistant to cancer treatment with a drug other than cancer treatment with a drug containing an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and a platinum drug, either together or separately. ,difference More preferably, the patient is a cancer patient having cancer that is resistant to cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug. Here, the terms "cancer treatment has been ineffective" and "resistant to cancer treatment" are used interchangeably.

[0123] The cancers targeted by the present invention may be any cancers that express CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell membrane surface, and are preferably ovarian cancer, bile duct cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, melanoma (including postoperative melanoma), lung cancer (including non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer), renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, mesothelial cancer (including malignant pleural mesothelioma), colorectal cancer (e.g., MSI-high colorectal cancer), esophageal cancer, and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Department Cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, urothelial carcinoma, bladder cancer, uterine cancer (including cervical cancer and endometrial cancer), primary central nervous system lymphoma, primary testicular lymphoma, biliary tract cancer, brain tumor, prostate cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, liver cancer, sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, mast cell tumor, adrenocortical carcinoma, Ewing's tumor, multiple myeloma, testicular cancer, thyroid cancer, basal cell carcinoma, Paget's disease, or skin cancer. These cancers may be primary cancer, metastatic cancer, metastatic or recurrent cancer, postoperative cancer, or unresectable cancer. Note that melanoma is often used synonymously with malignant melanoma or malignant melanoma.

[0124] Other cancers that are the subject of the present invention include cancers that are resistant to known treatments. Resistant cancers may be derived from patients with any treatment history, and are not particularly limited to cancers derived from patients with a history of treatment, such as cancers that have become resistant, metastasized, or recurred after 5-FU administration.

[0125] More specifically, the cancers include, for example, Bowen's disease, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, extramammary Paget's disease, mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, cutaneous T / NK cell lymphoma, T-cell leukemia / lymphoma with lesions only in the skin, cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (indolent group), cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the breast, combined breast adenocarcinoma, malignant mixed breast tumor, intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, neuroepithelial tissue tumors such as glioma, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, and ependyma. tumor, neuronal cell tumor, embryonal neuroectodermal tumor, schwannoma, neurofibroma, meningioma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, gastrointestinal lymphoma, gastrointestinal lymphoma, small to medium cell lymphoma, cecal cancer, ascending colon cancer, descending colon cancer, transverse colon cancer, sigmoid colon cancer, rectal cancer, ovarian epithelial cancer, germ cell tumor, stromal cell tumor, pancreatic ductal carcinoma, invasive pancreatic ductal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, acinar cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, giant cell tumor, intraductal papillary mucinous tumor, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, pancreatoblastoma, pancreatic head cell tumor, Francisella z Tumors, serous cystadenocarcinoma, solid papillary carcinoma, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, insulinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (Wermer's syndrome), non-functioning islet cell tumor, somatostatinoma, VIP-producing tumor, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, fibrosarcoma, bone and joint sarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, hepatoblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, spinal cord tumor, soft tissue malignant tumor, teratoma group tumor, head and neck cancer including hypopharyngeal cancer, oropharynx cancer, tongue cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, oral cancer, lip cancer, paranasal sinus cancer, laryngeal cancer, renal pelvis and urinary tract cancer, bladder cancer, urethral cancer, testicular tumor, malignant pleural mesothelioma, malignant bone tumor, uterine cancer cancer, These include, but are not limited to, pediatric malignant solid tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, medulloblastoma, nephroblastoma, retinoblastoma, central nervous system germ cell tumor, Ewing's sarcoma family tumors), etc. Also included are palpable cancers, subcutaneous cancers, intracutaneous cancers, superficial cancers, dermal cancers, cancers present in non-parenchymal organs, and progressive cancers that originate from the above cancers. Also included are palpable cancers, subcutaneous cancers, intracutaneous cancers, superficial cancers, dermal cancers, and cancers present in non-parenchymal organs that have metastasized or recurred from the above cancers.

[0126] Furthermore, preferred subjects (patients) are mammals, including, for example, primates, pet animals, livestock, sport animals, etc., with humans, dogs, and cats being particularly preferred.

[0127] The pharmaceuticals of the present invention can be formulated by methods known to those skilled in the art. The pharmaceuticals of the present invention can be used parenterally, for example, in the form of an injection of a sterile solution or suspension in water or other pharmaceutically acceptable liquid. In the pharmaceuticals of the present invention, for each formulation or pharmaceutical composition, the active ingredient (at least one of anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin) is dissolved in, for example, a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, medium, or additive, specifically, sterilized water, physiological saline, isotonic solution, buffer (buffer solution, etc.), vegetable oil, oily liquid The active ingredient may be appropriately combined with an antioxidant, a solubilizing agent, an emulsifier, a suspending agent, a surfactant, a stabilizer, a flavoring agent, an excipient, a binder, etc., and preferably may be formulated by mixing with them in a unit dose form required for generally accepted pharmaceutical practice. The amount of the active ingredient in these formulations is such that an appropriate dose within the indicated range can be obtained.

[0128] Sterile compositions for injection can be formulated according to standard pharmaceutical practice using a vehicle such as distilled water for injection. Aqueous solutions for injection include, for example, physiological saline, isotonic solutions containing glucose or other adjuvants, such as D-sorbitol, D-mannose, D-mannitol, and sodium chloride. These solutions may be used in combination with appropriate solubilizers, such as alcohols (e.g., ethanol), polyalcohols (e.g., propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), and nonionic surfactants (e.g., Polysorbate 80™ and HCO-60). Oily solutions include sesame oil and soybean oil, which may be used in combination with solubilizers such as benzyl benzoate and benzyl alcohol. Buffers such as phosphate buffer and sodium acetate buffer, soothing agents (e.g., procaine hydrochloride), stabilizers (e.g., benzyl alcohol, phenol), and antioxidants may also be added. The prepared injection solutions are usually filled into appropriate ampoules.

[0129] Administration may be oral or parenteral, preferably parenteral, and specific examples include injections, nasal administration, pulmonary administration, and transdermal administration. Examples of injections include intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intratumoral injections, which can be administered systemically or locally. Examples of transdermal administrations include topical liniments and topical agents. Topical agents include solids, liquids, sprays, ointments, creams, and gels.

[0130] Furthermore, the administration method can be selected appropriately depending on the patient's age, body weight, sex, symptoms, etc. The dosage of a pharmaceutical composition containing at least one of an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin can be selected, for example, from the range of 0.0001 mg to 1,000 mg per kg of body weight per administration, in terms of the amount of each active ingredient. Alternatively, the dosage of each active ingredient can be selected, for example, from the range of 0.001 to 100,000 mg / body weight per patient, or from 1 mg to 30 mg per kg of body weight, but is not necessarily limited to these values. The dosage and administration method vary depending on the patient's body weight, age, sex, symptoms, etc., but can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

[0131] <Administration method> The treatment and / or prevention of cancer using the pharmaceutical compositions for cancer treatment and / or prevention of the present invention includes various forms in addition to the administration of the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions. For example, the active ingredients of the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can be administered simultaneously, in parallel, or separately in a sequential order. Specifically, the second active ingredient can be administered within a time interval of up to about three weeks, i.e., immediately after the administration of the first active ingredient and up to about three weeks after. This administration can be performed following a surgical procedure, or a surgical procedure can be performed between the administration of the first and second active ingredients. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical compositions for cancer treatment and / or prevention of the present invention can be administered in multiple administration cycles. For example, when the active ingredients of the pharmaceutical compositions for cancer treatment and / or prevention of the present invention are administered simultaneously, a pharmaceutical composition containing the active ingredients of the present invention (the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention, the pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin) is administered for about two days to about three weeks as one cycle. Thereafter, the treatment cycle can be repeated as necessary, according to the judgment of the physician in charge. Similarly, when a sequential regimen is planned, the administration period of each individual drug is adjusted so that it lasts for the same period. The interval between cycles can vary from 0 to 2 months. The dosage of each active ingredient of the pharmaceutical product for treating and / or preventing cancer of the present invention can be set in the same manner as the dosage of each active ingredient in the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition.

[0132] <Pharmaceutical Kit> The pharmaceutical product for treating and / or preventing cancer of the present invention may be in the form of a pharmaceutical kit. A pharmaceutical kit is a package for using active ingredients in the form of separate pharmaceutical compositions (formulations) in a method for treating and / or preventing cancer, and the package may include instructions for administering each active ingredient. Each active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer included in the pharmaceutical kit may be in the form of a pharmaceutical composition formulated as described above so that the active ingredients can be administered together or separately. The pharmaceutical kit also contains an amount of each active ingredient sufficient for one or more doses so that each active ingredient can be administered according to the administration method described above.

[0133] <Treatment and / or prevention methods> Based on the details specifically described above, the present invention provides a method for treating and / or preventing cancer, comprising administering the pharmaceutical agent of the present invention or the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin to a subject (patient). For example, the present invention further provides a method for treating and / or preventing cancer, comprising administering the pharmaceutical agent of the present invention to a subject (patient) who has or is suspected of having cancer. In the method of the present invention, in addition to the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody of the present invention, a pyrimidine drug, and carboplatin, other antitumor agents (such as known antitumor agents) may also be administered to the subject (patient). In this embodiment, for example, the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody or a fragment thereof, the pyrimidine drug, carboplatin, and optionally the antitumor agent contained in the pharmaceutical agent may be administered to the subject (patient) simultaneously or separately. [Example]

[0134] The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.

[0135] (Example 1) Preparation of anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody The anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody immunologically reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein used in the present invention was prepared as follows.

[0136] (polyclonal antibody) One mg of human CAPRIN-1 recombinant protein (SEQ ID NO: 2) prepared according to Example 3 of WO2010 / 016526 was mixed with an equal volume of incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) solution and administered subcutaneously to rabbits four times every two weeks. Blood was then collected to obtain antisera containing polyclonal antibodies. This antisera was further purified using Protein G carrier (GE Healthcare Biosciences) and substituted with PBS(-) to obtain a polyclonal antibody against CAPRIN-1 protein (anti-CAPRIN-1 polyclonal antibody #1).

[0137] (monoclonal antibody) 100 μg of human CAPRIN-1 recombinant protein prepared according to Example 3 of WO2010 / 016526 was mixed with an equal amount of MPL+TDM adjuvant (Sigma), and this was used as the antigen solution per mouse. The antigen solution was administered intraperitoneally to 6-week-old Balb / c mice (Japan SLC), followed by three and 24 additional weekly administrations to complete the immunization. Three days after the final immunization, each spleen was removed and crushed between two sterilized glass slides. The spleen was washed with PBS(-) (Nissui), centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was removed. This procedure was repeated three times to obtain spleen cells. The resulting spleen cells were mixed with mouse myeloma cells SP2 / 0 (purchased from ATCC) at a 10:1 ratio. A PEG solution (200 μl of RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS and 800 μl of PEG 1500 (Boehringer) preheated to 37°C) was added and allowed to stand for 5 minutes to allow cell fusion. After centrifugation at 1700 rpm for 5 minutes and removal of the supernatant, the cells were suspended in 150 ml of RPMI 1640 medium containing 15% FBS and 2% equivalent of Gibco HAT solution (HAT selection medium). The cells were seeded onto 15 96-well plates (Nunc) at 100 μl per well. The mixture was cultured for 7 days at 37°C in 5% CO2 to obtain hybridomas representing fusion of spleen cells and myeloma cells. Hybridomas were selected based on the binding affinity of the antibodies produced by the hybridomas to the CAPRIN-1 protein. 100 μl of 1 μg / ml CAPRIN-1 protein solution was added per well of a 96-well plate and incubated at 4°C for 18 hours. After washing each well three times with PBS-T, 400 μl of 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution (Sigma) was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 3 hours. After removing the solution and washing each well three times with 400 μl of PBS-T, 100 μl of each hybridoma culture supernatant was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. After washing each well three times with PBS-T, 100 μl of HRP-labeled anti-mouse IgG (H+L) antibody (Invitrogen) diluted 5000-fold with PBS was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour.After washing the wells three times with PBS-T, 100 μl of TMB substrate solution (Thermo) was added per well and allowed to stand for 15–30 minutes for color development. After color development, 100 μl of 1 N sulfuric acid was added per well to stop the reaction, and the absorbance at 450 nm and 595 nm was measured using an absorption spectrometer. Several hybridomas producing antibodies with high absorbance values ​​were selected. The selected hybridomas were added to a 96-well plate at a density of 0.5 cells per well and cultured. After one week, hybridomas forming single colonies were observed in the wells. The cells in these wells were further cultured, and hybridomas were selected based on the binding affinity of the antibodies produced by the cloned hybridomas to the CAPRIN-1 protein. 100 μl of 1 μg / ml CAPRIN-1 protein solution was added per well of the 96-well plate and allowed to stand at 4°C for 18 hours. After washing each well three times with PBS-T, 400 μl of 0.5% BSA solution was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 3 hours. The solution was removed, and the wells were washed three times with 400 μl of PBS-T. 100 μl of each hybridoma culture supernatant obtained above was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. After washing each well three times with PBS-T, 100 μl of HRP-labeled anti-mouse IgG (H+L) antibody (Invitrogen) diluted 5000-fold with PBS was added per well and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. After washing each well three times with PBS-T, 100 μl of TMB substrate solution (Thermo) was added per well and incubated for 15–30 minutes to allow the color reaction to develop. After color development, 100 μl of 1 N sulfuric acid was added per well to stop the reaction, and the absorbance at 450 nm and 595 nm was measured using an absorbance meter. As a result, several mouse monoclonal antibodies reactive with the CAPRIN-1 protein were obtained.

[0138] Furthermore, flow cytometry was used to confirm the reactivity of these monoclonal antibodies with human cancer cells in which CAPRIN-1 protein has been confirmed to be expressed on the cell membrane surface. A mouse IgG control antibody that does not show reactivity with the cancer cells was used as a negative control. As a result of this confirmation, several monoclonal antibodies were obtained that showed stronger fluorescence intensity with the cancer cells than the mouse IgG control antibody and strongly reacted with the cell membrane surface of the cancer cells in which CAPRIN-1 is expressed on the cell membrane surface. From these, a monoclonal antibody reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein was selected: a monoclonal antibody against CAPRIN-1 described in WO2013 / 125630, which comprises the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region represented by SEQ ID NO: 114 and the amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region represented by SEQ ID NO: 115.

[0139] CDRs 1 to 3 of the heavy chain variable region of the selected antibody were identified, and a nucleotide sequence was designed to enable expression of a heavy chain variable region whose framework region contained a human antibody sequence. This was then inserted into a mammalian expression vector containing the heavy chain constant region of human IgG1. Similarly, CDRs 1 to 3 of the light chain variable region were identified, and a nucleotide sequence was designed to enable expression of a light chain variable region whose framework region contained a human antibody sequence. This was then inserted into a mammalian expression vector containing the light chain constant region of human IgG1. The above two recombinant expression vectors were transfected into mammalian cells according to standard methods to obtain a culture supernatant containing humanized monoclonal antibody #1 against CAPRIN-1 (humanized antibody #1).

[0140] The culture supernatant containing the obtained humanized anti-CAPRIN-1 monoclonal antibody #1 was purified using Hitrap Protein A Sepharose FF (GE Healthcare) according to standard methods, replaced with PBS(-), and filtered through a 0.22 μm filter (Millipore) to prepare a sample.

[0141] The specific reactivity of the above anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody to the CAPRIN-1 protein was confirmed by immobilizing the CAPRIN-1 protein on a plate and detecting it using ELISA.

[0142] Furthermore, by using the above anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody and flow cytometry to examine its reactivity with cancer cells whose cell membranes had not been permeabilized, it was confirmed that a portion of CAPRIN-1 was expressed on the cell membrane surface of cancer cells, as shown in the examples below.

[0143] Flow cytometry has confirmed the expression of CAPRIN-1 gene in the following human cancer cells: breast cancer cells (BT-474), colon cancer cells (HT-29), lung cancer cells (QG56, H1650), gastric cancer cells (NCI-N87), uterine cancer cells (HEC-1-A), prostate cancer cells (22Rv1), pancreatic cancer cells (Panc10.5), liver cancer cells (Hep3B), ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3), renal cancer cells (Caki-2), brain cancer cells (U-87MG), bladder cancer cells (T24), esophageal cancer cells (OE33), and leukemia cell lines (OCI-AML5). Humanized antibody #1 showed stronger fluorescence intensity against all cancer cells, including lymphoma cells (Ramos), gallbladder cancer cells (TGBC14TKB), fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080), melanoma cells (G-361), mouse renal cancer cells (Renca) in which expression of the CAPRIN-1 gene has been confirmed, and mouse breast cancer cells (4T1), compared to the negative control human IgG control antibody and rabbit IgG antibody, which show no reactivity against cancer cells, and was confirmed to strongly react with the cell membrane surface of the above cancer cells in which CAPRIN-1 is expressed.

[0144] Similarly, WO2010 / 016526, WO2011 / 096517, WO2011 / 096528, WO2011 / 096519, WO2011 / 096533, WO2011 / 096534, WO2011 / 096535, WO2013 / 018886, WO2013 / 018894, WO2013 / 018892, WO2013 / 018891, W It was also confirmed that the anti-CAPRIN-1 antibodies described in WO2013 / 018889, WO2013 / 018883, WO2013 / 125636, WO2013 / 125654, WO2013 / 125640, WO2013 / 147169, WO2013 / 147176 and WO2015 / 020212 similarly react strongly with the above-mentioned cancer cell membrane surface.

[0145] (Example 2) Antitumor effect of combined use of anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody and gemcitabine / carboplatin therapy A patient with stage III ovarian cancer who had previously undergone standard therapy, including gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and carboplatin, but who had not achieved satisfactory efficacy with either therapy, was administered a 10 mg / kg dose of TRK-950 (an anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody currently undergoing clinical trials as a cancer treatment) in combination with the standard gemcitabine and carboplatin combination therapy. The metastatic lesions, the left supraclavicular node and the periportal node of the liver, were targeted, and CT scans assessed their tumor size. Approximately one month after the start of treatment, the total tumor size shrank by approximately 33%, resulting in a partial response. Continued treatment resulted in a 42% reduction in total tumor size approximately three months after the start of treatment, and furthermore, approximately five months after the start of treatment, the tumor in the periportal node of the liver had completely disappeared, and the total tumor size had shrank by approximately 81%. Furthermore, CA125, a peripheral blood tumor marker, which was 180.2 U / mL before administration (standard: 25 U / mL), decreased to below 25.0 U / mL approximately 100 days after the start of administration. Thus, treatment of cancer patients using a combination of anti-CAPRIN-1 antibody, gemcitabine, and carboplatin demonstrated extremely strong efficacy not achieved with existing standard treatments.

[0146] All publications, patents, and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical for treating and / or preventing cancer, comprising a combination, either together or separately, of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells, and gemcitabine and carboplatin, wherein the cancer is a cancer that expresses CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell membrane surface.

2. The pharmaceutical product according to claim 1, wherein the cancer is a cancer in a cancer patient with a history of cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug.

3. The pharmaceutical product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cancer is a cancer in a cancer patient for whom cancer treatment with a pyrimidine drug and / or a platinum drug has been ineffective.

4. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof has an amino acid sequence represented by any of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 30, or an amino acid sequence having 90% or more sequence identity to said amino acid sequence, and is immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells.

5. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is immunologically reactive with the extracellular domain of CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells.

6. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof has an amino acid sequence represented by any one of SEQ ID NOs: 31 to 35, 296 to 299, 308, and 309, or an amino acid sequence having 90% or more sequence identity to said amino acid sequence, and is immunologically reactive with a partial polypeptide of a CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells.

7. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.

8. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is any one of the following (A) to (M): (A) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 37, and 38, respectively, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 40, 41, and 42, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (B) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 44, 45, and 46, respectively, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 48, 49, and 50, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (C) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 52, 53, and 54, respectively, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 56, 57, and 58, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (D) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 60, 61, and 62, respectively, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity-determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 64, 65, and 66, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (E) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 170, 171, and 172, respectively, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 173, 174, and 175, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (F) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 176, 177, and 178, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 179, 180, and 181, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (G) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 182, 183, and 184, respectively, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 185, 186, and 187, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (H) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 188, 189, and 190, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 191, 192, and 193, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (I) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 146, 147, and 148, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 149, 150, and 151, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (J) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 272, 273, and 274, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 275, 276, and 277, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (K) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof having a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 290, 291, and 292, respectively, and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 293, 294, and 295, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (L) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) of SEQ ID NOs: 300, 301, and 302 and a light chain variable region containing the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, respectively) of SEQ ID NOs: 304, 305, and 306, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein. (M) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 135, and 136, respectively, and a light chain variable region comprising the complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3) of SEQ ID NOs: 137, 138, and 139, respectively, and having immunological reactivity with a CAPRIN-1 protein.

9. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is any one of the following (a) to (al): (a) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 43; (b) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 51; (c) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 55 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

59. (d) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 63 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

67. (e) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

69. (f) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 70 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

71. (g) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

73. (h) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

75. (i) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 76 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 77; (j) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 78 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

79. (k) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 80 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

81. (l) An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 82 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

83. (m) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 84 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

85. (n) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 86 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 87; (O) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 88 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

89. (P) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 90 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

91. (q) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 92 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

93. (r) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

95. (s) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

97. (T) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

99. (u) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

101. (v) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

103. (w) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

105. (x) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

107. (y) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

109. (z) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

111. (aa) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

113. (ab) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

115. (ac) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

117. (ad) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

119. (ae) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 120 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

121. (af) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 122 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

123. (ag) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 124 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

125. (ah) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 126 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

127. (ai) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 128 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

129. (aj) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 130 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

131. (ak) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 132 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

133. (a1) an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 303 and the light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

307.

10. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antibody is a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, or a single-chain antibody.

11. The pharmaceutical product according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the cancer is ovarian cancer, bile duct cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, mesothelial carcinoma, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, urothelial carcinoma, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, primary central nervous system lymphoma, primary testicular lymphoma, biliary tract cancer, brain tumor, prostate cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, liver cancer, sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, mast cell tumor, adrenocortical carcinoma, Ewing's tumor, multiple myeloma, testicular cancer, thyroid cancer, basal cell carcinoma, Paget's disease, or skin cancer.

12. A pharmaceutical efficacy enhancer for a pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer, which comprises as active ingredients gemcitabine and carboplatin, and an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells, wherein the cancer is a cancer that expresses CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell membrane surface.

13. A pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer, which contains gemcitabine and carboplatin as active ingredients, and which comprises an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof that is immunologically reactive with CAPRIN-1 protein present on the surface of cancer cells as an active ingredient, wherein the cancer expresses CAPRIN-1 protein on the cell membrane surface.