Methods and procedures for simultaneous transmission and reception

Abstract

Disclosed herein are system(s), methods, and devices for simultaneous transmission and reception. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may have multiple antenna panels that may be capable of different modes of operation, such as simultaneous DL / DL (S-DD), simultaneous UL / UL (S-UU), and simultaneous DL / UL (S-DU). Furthermore, the WTRU can use each panel independently to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points simultaneously. The WTRU can achieve this using transmit control indicators, reference signals, and monitoring techniques suitable for multiple transmit-receive point communications.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 061,598, filed August 5, 2020, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 094,731, filed October 21, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 185,733, filed May 7, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, wireless communication systems must address new use cases arising from new hardware as the underlying technology continues to evolve. For example, if a transmit / receive technology is capable of simultaneously performing two functions (e.g., transmit and / or receive), systems, devices, and methods are needed that address the details and protocols that may enable this type of wireless communication. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Disclosed herein are system(s), methods, and devices for simultaneous transmission and reception. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may have multiple antenna panels that may be capable of different modes of operation, such as simultaneous DL / DL (S-DD), simultaneous UL / UL (S-UU), and simultaneous DL / UL (S-DU). Furthermore, the WTRU can use each panel independently to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points simultaneously. The WTRU can achieve this using transmission control indicators, reference signals, and monitoring techniques suitable for multiple transmit-receive point communications. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0004] A more detailed understanding may be had from the following description, given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate similar elements and in which: [Figure 1A]FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating an example communication system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. [Figure 1B] 1B is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system shown in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Figure 1C] 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communication system shown in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Figure 1D] 1B is a system diagram illustrating a further exemplary RAN and a further exemplary CN that may be used within the communication system shown in FIG. 1A, according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 illustrates three modes of operation in a multi-panel WTRU. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of an extension to support concurrent monitoring. [Figure 4A] 1 is a flowchart of an example process for enhancements to CSI reporting for mTRPs in accordance with one or more techniques disclosed herein. [Figure 4B] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of an extension to CSI reporting for MTRP in accordance with one or more techniques described herein. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 illustrates an example scenario of one or more embodiments disclosed herein regarding a WTRU reporting information to one or more TRPs. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an example scenario of one or more embodiments disclosed herein for a WTRU supporting a TRP. [Figure 7] 10 is a flowchart of an exemplary process for simultaneous UL TX to two TRPs. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates a WTRU operating in S-DU mode using different transmission pattern(s) for uplink and downlink transmissions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0005] 1A illustrates an exemplary communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. Communication system 100 may be a multiple-access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcasts, etc., to multiple wireless users. Communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth. For example, the communication system 100 may use one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail unique-word discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (ZT-UW-DFT-S-OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), etc.

[0006] 1A, communications system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104, a core network (CN) 106, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, although it will be understood that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, any of which may be referred to as a station (STA), may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and application (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and application (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or automated processing chain context), a consumer electronic device, a device operating in a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be referred to interchangeably as a UE.

[0007] The communications system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communications networks, such as the CN 106, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node B, an eNode B (eNB), a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a next generation Node B such as a gNode B (gNB), a new radio (NR) Node B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, etc. Although the base stations 114a, 114b are each shown as a single element, it will be understood that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0008] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104, which may also include other base stations and / or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, etc. The base station 114a and / or base station 114b may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide wireless service coverage for a particular geographic area, which may be relatively fixed or may change over time. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in one embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one transceiver for each sector of the cell. In one embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers per sector of the cell, for example, using beamforming to transmit and / or receive signals in desired spatial directions.

[0009] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0010] More specifically, as noted above, the communications system 100 may be a multiple-access system and may use one or more channel access schemes, such as, for example, CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc. For example, the base stations 114a of the RAN 104 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA). WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High-Speed ​​Downlink (DL) Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High-Speed ​​Uplink (UL) Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0011] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and / or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).

[0012] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access, which may establish the air interface 116 using NR.

[0013] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may jointly implement LTE radio access and NR radio access, e.g., using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface utilized by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions transmitted to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0014] In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity, WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMAX), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), or the like.

[0015] 1A may be, for example, a wireless router, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, or an access point and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a local area such as a location such as a business, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, etc. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In yet another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may establish a picocell or a femtocell using a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.). As shown in FIG. 1A, the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b may not need to access the Internet 110 through the CN 106.

[0016] The RAN 104 may communicate with the CN 106, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, application, and / or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have various quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput, latency, error tolerance, reliability, data throughput, mobility, etc. The CN 106 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions such as user authentication. Although not shown in FIG. 1A , it will be understood that the RAN 104 and / or CN 106 may communicate directly or indirectly with other RANs that use the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104, which may utilize NR radio technology, the CN 106 may also communicate with another RAN (not shown) using GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.

[0017] The CN 106 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a public switched telephone network providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), the user datagram protocol (UDP), and / or the internet protocol (IP) of the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the network 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may use the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT.

[0018] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links.) For example, the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with a base station 114a that may use a cellular-based wireless technology and a base station 114b that may use an IEEE 802 wireless technology.

[0019] 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. As shown in FIG. 1B, the WTRU 102 may include, among other things, a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other peripherals 138. It will be understood that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0020] The processor 118 may be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, etc. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. While FIG. 1B depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be understood that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.

[0021] The transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to or receive signals from a base station (e.g., base station 114a) over the air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive RF signals. In one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an emitter / detector configured to transmit and / or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, for example. In yet another embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive both RF and light signals. It will be understood that the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0022] 1B as a single element, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may use MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0023] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive element 122. As mentioned above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers to enable the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11.

[0024] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to and may receive user-entered data from a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. Furthermore, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as non-removable memory 130 and / or removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, etc. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information and store data in memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or home computer (not shown).

[0025] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, but may be configured to distribute and / or control the power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for providing power to the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, etc.

[0026] The processor 118 may also be coupled to a GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or instead of information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) over the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may obtain location information by way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0027] The processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and / or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photos and / or videos), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, a Bluetooth module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, etc. The peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors. The sensor may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a Hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor, a geolocation sensor, an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like.

[0028] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio for transmitting and receiving some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe on both the UL (e.g., for transmission) and DL (e.g., for reception)) simultaneously and / or together. The full-duplex radio may include an interference management unit for reducing and or substantially eliminating self-interference through hardware (e.g., chokes) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., via a separate processor (not shown) or processor 118). In one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for transmitting and receiving some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe on either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or DL ​​(e.g., for reception)).

[0029] 1C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to one embodiment. As mentioned above, the RAN 104 may communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116 using E-UTRA radio technology. The RAN 104 may also communicate with the CN 106.

[0030] The RAN 104 may include eNodeBs 160a, 160b, and 160c, although it will be understood that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNodeBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The eNodeBs 160a, 160b, and 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, and 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the eNodeB 160a may, for example, use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a.

[0031] Each of the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, user scheduling, etc. in the UL and / or DL. As shown in FIG. 1C, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another via an X2 interface.

[0032] 1C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. Although the foregoing elements are shown as part of the CN 106, it will be understood that any of these elements may also be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0033] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNodeBs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, activating / deactivating bearers, selecting a particular serving gateway during initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, etc. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0034] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to and from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-eNode-B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available to the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and managing and storing the context of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0035] The SGW 164 may be connected to a PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0036] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional landline communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0037] Although the WTRU is depicted in FIGS. 1A-1D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments, such a terminal may use a wired communication interface (e.g., temporarily or permanently) with the communication network.

[0038] In a representative embodiment, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0039] A WLAN in infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) of the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may have access to or interface with a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired / wireless network that carries traffic within and / or outside the BSS. Traffic originating from outside the BSS to a STA may arrive through the AP and be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from a STA to a destination outside the BSS may be sent to the AP and transmitted to the respective destination. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be transmitted, for example, through the AP; the source STA may send traffic to the AP, which may deliver the traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be viewed and / or referred to as peer-to-peer traffic. Peer-to-peer traffic may be transmitted between a source STA and a destination STA (e.g., directly between them) in a direct link setup (DLS). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunneled DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs within or using the IBSS (e.g., all of the STAs) may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS mode of communication may be referred to herein as an "ad hoc" communication mode.

[0040] When using the 802.11ac infrastructure mode of operation or a similar mode of operation, an AP may transmit beacons on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel. The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., a 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically configured width. The primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS and may be used by STAs to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA) may be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. With CSMA / CA, STAs (e.g., all STAs), including the AP, may sense the primary channel. If the primary channel is sensed / detected and / or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.

[0041] High Throughput (HT) STAs may use 40 MHz wide channels for communication, which may be formed, for example, through a combination of a primary 20 MHz channel with adjacent or non-adjacent 20 MHz channels.

[0042] A Very High Throughput (VHT) STA may support 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and / or 160 MHz wide channels. The 40 MHz and / or 80 MHz wide channels may be formed by combining contiguous 20 MHz channels. A 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining eight contiguous 20 MHz channels or by combining two non-contiguous 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration. For the 80+80 configuration, after channel encoding, the data may pass through a segment parser that may split the data into two streams. Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing and time-domain processing may be performed separately on each stream. The streams may be mapped to two 80 MHz channels, and the data may be transmitted by the transmitting STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the operations described above for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed and the combined data may be transmitted to the Medium Access Control (MAC).

[0043] Sub-1 GHz operating modes are supported by 802.11af and 802.11ah. Channel operating bandwidths and carriers are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah compared to those used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, while 802.11ah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to representative embodiments, 802.11ah may support meter-type control / machine-type communications (MTC), such as MTC devices in macro coverage areas. MTC devices may have specific capabilities, including, for example, support for (e.g., only support for) specific and / or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include batteries with above-threshold battery life (e.g., to maintain very long battery life).

[0044] WLAN systems that can support multiple channels and channel bandwidths, such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah, include a channel that can be designated as a primary channel. The primary channel can have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel can be configured and / or limited by the STAs among all STAs operating in the BSS that support the minimum bandwidth operating mode. In an 802.11ah example, the primary channel can be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only) the 1 MHz mode, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes. Carrier sensing and / or Network Allocation Vector (NAV) configuration can depend on the condition of the primary channel. For example, if the primary channel is busy, a STA (that only supports 1 MHz mode of operation) transmitting to the AP may cause all of the available frequency bands to be considered busy, even if most of the available frequency bands are idle.

[0045] In the United States, the available frequency band that can be used by 802.11ah is 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz depending on the country code.

[0046] FIG. 1D is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to one embodiment. As described above, the RAN 104 may communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116 using NR radio technology. The RAN 104 may also communicate with the CN 106. In general, any device that is not a WTRU may be considered a transmit / receive point (TRP). Additionally / alternatively, any device on the network side (e.g., the RAN side) may be considered a TRP (e.g., a base station, a functional entity, etc.). A TRP may be any type of device capable of receiving and transmitting wireless signals and may participate in a set of beams. A set may include one or more beams. This set of beams may be interchangeable with a group of beams as discussed herein. For example, if a WTRU is configured with two beam sets, it will be understood that the WTRU is in communication with at least two TRPs, i.e., at least two TRPs are configured.

[0047] The RAN 104 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c, although it will be understood that the RAN 104 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to transmit and / or receive signals to the gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c. Thus, the gNB 180a may, for example, transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a using multiple antennas. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on an unlicensed spectrum, and the remaining component carriers may be on a licensed spectrum. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may implement coordinated multi-point (CoMP) technology. For example, the WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from the gNBs 180a and 180b (and / or 180c).

[0048] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with scalable numerology. For example, the OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of varying or scalable lengths (e.g., including varying numbers of OFDM symbols and / or varying lengths of absolute time).

[0049] In one example, multiple base stations (e.g., gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c) / TRPs may be coordinated / configured to communicate with a single WTRU, resulting in a multi-TRP (mTRP) scheme. This may be particularly useful for WTRUs with multiple antenna panels (e.g., WTRUs 102a and 102b), which may enable multi-panel simultaneous transmission and / or reception (one or more). Multiple panels may utilize multi-TRP operation, where WTRU antenna directionality may be used to simultaneously target two or more TRPs at a time (e.g., WTRU 102a communicating with gNBs 180a and 180b). Some example use cases may include WTRU mobility, WTRU rotation, maximum permissible emissions (MPE), improved reliability, improved spectral efficiency, etc., where multi-panel simultaneous transmission and / or reception (one or more) in an mTRP may be advantageous. Alternatively / additionally, any of the approaches disclosed herein for addressing these use cases may also be used in single-TRP scenarios.

[0050] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without accessing another RAN (e.g., eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c, etc.). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchor points. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in unlicensed bands. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with and connect to gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with and connecting to another RAN, such as eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may act as mobility anchors for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, while the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput for serving the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0051] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and / or DL, support for network slicing, DC, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data to User Plane Functions (UPFs) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information to Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMFs) 182a, 182b, etc. As shown in FIG. 1D , the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with each other via an Xn interface.

[0052] 1D may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one Session Management Function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possibly a Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While the foregoing elements are shown as part of the CN 106, it will be understood that any of these elements may also be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0053] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N2 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for user authentication of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions with different requirements), selection of the SMF 183a, 183b for registration, management of registration areas, termination of non-access stratum (NAS) signaling, mobility management, etc. The network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b to customize the CN support of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service utilizing the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, etc. The AMFs 182a, 182b may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and / or non-3GPP access technologies, such as WiFi.

[0054] The SMFs 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMFs 182a, 182b in the CN 106 via an N11 interface. The SMFs 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPFs 184a, 184b in the CN 106 via an N4 interface. The SMFs 183a, 183b may select and control the UPFs 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPFs 184a, 184b. The SMFs 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing DL data notification, etc. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, etc.

[0055] The UPFs 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks such as the Internet 110 to facilitate communication between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPFs 184, 184b may perform other functions such as packet routing and forwarding, user plane policy enforcement, support for multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, DL packet buffering, mobility anchoring, etc.

[0056] The CN 106 may facilitate communication with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may include or communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that acts as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. Additionally, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to the local DNs 185a, 185b through the UPFs 184a, 184b via an N3 interface to the UPFs 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPFs 184a, 184b and the DNs 185a, 185b.

[0057] 1A-1D and the corresponding description thereof, one or more or all of the functions described herein with respect to one or more of the WTRUs 102a-d, base stations 114a-b, eNodeBs 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNBs 180a-c, AMFs 182a-b, UPFs 184a-b, SMFs 183a-b, DNs 185a-b, and / or any other devices described herein may be performed by one or more emulation devices (not shown). The emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and / or simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0058] The emulation devices may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and / or an operator network environment. For example, one or more emulation devices may perform one or more or all functions while fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network to test other devices in the communication network. One or more emulation devices may perform one or more or all functions while temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The emulation devices may be directly coupled to another device for testing and / or conducting tests using over-the-air wireless communication.

[0059] One or more emulation devices may perform one or more functions, inclusive, while not being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the emulation devices may be utilized in test scenarios in a test lab and / or in an undeployed (e.g., test) wired and / or wireless communication network to implement testing of one or more components. One or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and / or wireless communication via RF circuitry (which may include, e.g., one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and / or receive data.

[0060] Generally, in New Radio (NR), a beam management framework may be defined to support beam pairing between a WTRU and a base station (e.g., a gNB). In NR iterations, a communication / transmission mode based on multiple transmit reception points (multi-TRP or mTRP) may be used to support multiple downlink transmissions. However, in some cases, beam management operations may be similar or the same as in conventional implementations and may not be modified to support beam management in multi-TRP scenarios.

[0061] Considering NR in FR2 operation, and considering that in FR2, implementations of WTRUs with multiple panels may be more common, some aspects of MIMO enhancements may be necessary to address multi-panel WTRU transmission and reception. Among the issues related to multi-panel WTRUs, approaches to simultaneous(s) transmission and / or reception are needed.

[0062] In a multi-TRP transmission scheme, there may be several motivations for supporting multi-panel simultaneous transmission and / or reception(s). For example, mobility, WTRU rotation, maximum permissible emissions (MPE), improved reliability, improved spectral efficiency, etc. are all included in some example potential use cases for multi-panel simultaneous transmission and / or reception(s). Also, any approaches disclosed herein for addressing these use cases may be reused in single-TRP scenarios.

[0063] FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram illustrating three different modes of simultaneous transmission and / or reception, such as 201 Simultaneous DL / DL (S-DD), 202 Simultaneous UL / UL (S-UU), and 203 Simultaneous DL / UL (S-DU). In these three scenarios, each UL or DL ​​transmission may carry control information or data information. For example, in S-DD mode, a WTRU with multiple panels may simultaneously receive two PDSCHs, or a PDSCH and a PDCCH, or two PDCCHs, if each is transmitted from a different TRP. Similarly, D-UU mode may be the simultaneous transmission of two PUSCHs, or two PUCCHs, or a PUSCH and a PUCCH, transmitted on different panels, each targeting a different TRP. Also, S-DU is a mode in which a WTRU may simultaneously transmit a PUSCH or a PUCCH on one panel and receive a PDSCH or a PDCCH on another panel.

[0064] Each of these scenarios may impose different constraints on the interaction between the WTRU and the TRP, as well as on how different resources are configured, activated, and used. As disclosed herein, there may be different scenarios and potential constraints to consider in order to address an efficient beam management process for multi-panel WTRUs in a multi-TRP deployment.

[0065] In some cases, there may be a process for pairing a WTRU beam with a TRP beam in the beam management framework. However, these approaches need to be optimized for mTRP scenarios with multi-panel WTRUs, where several transmit configurations may be considered. The transmit configuration indicator (TCI) and spatial relationship framework of previous implementations may not address a WTRU with multiple panels. Multiple panels may utilize multi-TRP operation, where the directionality of the WTRU antenna may be used to simultaneously target two or more TRPs at a time. For example, a WTRU with multiple panels may simultaneously receive signals, each transmitted from a different TRP. Similarly, the WTRU may simultaneously transmit two signals, each transmitted on different panels targeting a different TRP. The WTRU may also be able to simultaneously transmit on one panel and receive on another panel. For each of these scenarios, it is necessary to address how the WTRU may need to behave when selecting spatial filters that involve simultaneous operation on multiple panels. In one or more embodiments disclosed herein, these issues are addressed, and there may be several approaches and procedures related to three different simultaneous transmission scenarios and other features required to address these issues.

[0066] In some embodiments, there may be a method for an S-DD transmission mode. A transmission control indicator (TCI) framework may take into account simultaneous TX by the WTRU, for example. In legacy systems, the TCI state may be configured with a QCL assumption according to the source RS. The source RS may determine the spatial transmit filter to be used. In the case of simultaneous transmissions, the WTRU may have the ability to simultaneously receive two or more TCI states at a time. However, in legacy systems, the transmitter may not be aware of which TCI states can be simultaneously received by the WTRU. In the approach disclosed herein, to schedule multiple transmissions to a WTRU, the TCI framework may configure the TCI states for S-DD operation so that the WTRU can determine which TCI states are valid, and therefore the transmitter can select a subset of TCI states from all available states that the WTRU can receive.

[0067] In some situations, there may be one or more TCI configurations with a WTRU panel index. The TCI configuration may include a panel index as part of the TCI configuration, where the panel index points to the WTRU panel. The WTRU may determine the TCI received on each of its panels based on the TCI and the associated panel index. The panel index may provide a link between the TCI state and the WTRU panel, and the TCI state may be received on different panels. The transmitter may determine the TCI states belonging to different panels and may schedule TCIs that may be transmitted simultaneously. The WTRU may use the panel index to provide an association between the RX panel and the source RS. For example, one WTRU may have multiple panels, and the WTRU may use multiple panels to simultaneously receive TCIs from different source RSs.The panel index may be configured with the TCI as one or more of the following: an explicit panel ID associated with the WTRU panel, and / or the WTRU may receive the panel ID with the TCI (e.g., in the DCI, or the WTRU may determine this based on the MAC CE); an index to a group of RSs, where the WTRU may use an RS group index as an implicit panel index, and in particular the RS group index may be used to determine the panel associated with an RS, and the TRP may configure a group of RSs using the index, and / or the TRP may include different RSs linked to the same WTRU panel in a group; an UL TCI, where the UL TCI may be explicitly or implicitly configured with the WTRU panel, and the UL TCI may be linked to the DL TCI, and the panel index for the DL TCI is the UL and / or a TCI codepoint table indexed by a panel, wherein the WTRU may be configured with two TCI codepoint tables, where each codepoint table may be associated with a panel, and the WTRU may use TCIs from different tables for simultaneous reception, and / or the TCI codepoint tables may be linked together such that the WTRU may determine a TCI codepoint from one table based on another codepoint table.

[0068] In some situations, there may be a default WTRU behavior for S-DD beam selection. A WTRU receiving in S-DD can adjust its spatial receive filters to match the spatial transmit filters used by the transmitter. The WTRU may use one spatial receive filter per transmitter spatial filter. The WTRU may need a way to determine which pair of spatial transmit filters to use for scheduling in S-DD mode.

[0069] In some cases, the WTRU may determine the transmit filter pair by one or more of the following methods: explicit beam pair indication and / or default beam pair determination. In explicit beam pair indication, a single DCI may include explicit indices of both spatial transmit filters for S-DD transmission, where the spatial transmitter indices may include an RS index (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS) and / or a TCI configured for DL ​​or UL, and the WTRU may use the reciprocity to determine its spatial receive filter based on the UL TCI, or may use the DL TCI directly.

[0070] In the default beam pair determination, the WTRU may determine a default S-DD beam pair based on the configuration. The default beam pair may be configured based on one or more factors.

[0071] One factor may be the traffic type, for example, for URLLC traffic type, one default beam pair may be configured, and for eMBB traffic type, one default beam pair may be configured.

[0072] One factor may be a basic S-DD pair, and the WTRU may be configured with the basic S-DD pair. For example, the WTRU may be pre-configured with RS1 and RS2 as a basic S-DD pair, and the WTRU can use the basic S-DD pair whenever scheduled in S-DD mode without an explicit S-DD pair being indicated. The WTRU may also decide to use the basic S-DD pair as a fallback. For example, the WTRU may determine that HARQ retransmissions may be transmitted using the basic S-DD pair. Each HARQ process may be configured with a basic S-DD pair, such that the WTRU can determine the basic S-DD pair based on the HARQ process number.

[0073] One factor may be the last instruction, and the WTRU may determine the default filter pair based on the previous history of spatial transmit filters in parameters T or K, where T is a time window in seconds and K is an integer number of scheduling opportunities. In one example, the WTRU may determine the current S-DD RS pair as corresponding to the last S-DD RS pair instruction used in the parameters. For example, the previous S-DD was scheduled with RS1 and RS2. In the next scheduling instance, the same pair may be used, and the WTRU may implicitly know this. In one example, the WTRU may be configured with a time T or count K value to determine which spatial filters may be used. For example, the WTRU may determine RS pairs that may be received simultaneously by searching based on criteria within a period of T seconds or K scheduling instances. For example, the WTRU may count the most used pair, or the pair with the highest received signal quality (e.g., RSRP), or the pair with the fewest failures / retransmissions, etc. In one example, the WTRU may determine that the last two RSs received on different panels may be used as an S-DD pair.

[0074] One factor may be a bandwidth portion (BWP) ID, which may be configured in S-DD mode, and the WTRU may determine the TCI based on the BWP-ID. For example, the BWP-ID may be linked to a TCI value or pair of TCI values ​​for S-DD mode.

[0075] One factor may be the serving cell ID, which may be configured for S-DD mode and linked to the basic TCI state ID, and the WTRU may determine a TCI value or pair of TCI values ​​for the serving cell ID.

[0076] One factor may be a slot format indicator (SFI), where the WTRU may receive an SFI that may be configured in a slot for S-DD mode, and a TCI may be associated with the SFI. The WTRU may determine the TCI for S-DD based on the SFI.

[0077] One factor may be the CORESETpoolindex, and the WTRU may determine a TCI or TCI pair for S-DD based on the CORESETpoolindex. A basic S-DD pair may be associated with the CORESETpoolindex, and the WTRU may implicitly determine the basic S-DD pair from the CORESETpoolindex.

[0078] Similarly, for S-UU, the WTRU can determine its spatial transmit filter using default rules constructed based on similar concepts as disclosed herein in connection with S-DD. In S-DD, the WTRU can determine its spatial receive filter, while in S-UU, the WTRU can determine the spatial transmit filter. The rules of default WTRU behavior for S-DD spatial filter selection can apply to S-UU spatial filter selection.

[0079] In one or more embodiments, there may be approaches to support simultaneous monitoring of RSs. Using S-DD mode, multiple RSs may be able to be transmitted simultaneously, and the WTRU may monitor multiple RSs, such as CSI-RS or SSB, simultaneously. The WTRU may use multiple panels for simultaneous reception, where each panel may receive an RS. The WTRU may perform measurements on each RS. In some cases, it may be beneficial to perform measurements simultaneously rather than one at a time. Additionally, this may reduce the length of the beam sweeping procedure by allowing simultaneous panel-by-panel measurements.

[0080] In some situations, monitoring may involve the WTRU switching receive filters. Specifically, one RS resource set may be configured with a flag that identifies that the RS resources in the set may be used for S-DD mode. The WTRU may determine that any subset of RS resources from the set that includes the S-DD flag may be monitored simultaneously, and the WTRU may decide to switch its spatial receive filters based on the resource set. The RS resource set may include CSI-RS, SSB, or any other known signal.

[0081] 3 illustrates an example of an extension to support simultaneous monitoring. As shown, a CSI-RS resource set may be configured with a flag for S-DD mode and two resources, CSI-RS1 and CSI-RS2 (e.g., 310). CSI-RS1 and CSI-RS2 may be configured with different overlapping periodicities such that at some time instances, only CSI-RS1 is transmitted (e.g., 301), at other time instances, only CSI-RS2 is transmitted (e.g., 302), and at other time instances, CSI-RS1 and CSI-RS2 are transmitted simultaneously (e.g., 303). The WTRU may switch its reception mode from single panel to simultaneous reception mode when it determines that CSI-RS1 and CSI-RS2 are transmitted on the same time instance and the S-DD flag is on (e.g., as shown at 303 in FIG. 3). The WTRU may activate / deactivate or turn on / off a panel to switch between single-panel and S-DD reception mode based on the activated CSI-RS resource set and the time instance at which the resource is transmitted. The WTRU may adjust its spatial receive filter differently for CSI-RS1 when received alone rather than when transmitted simultaneously with CSI-RS2. Alternatively, the WTRU may determine that resources in a CSI-RS resource set with S-DD off can be received on a single panel (e.g., panel 1). The WTRU may decide to adjust its best spatial receive filter for panel 1 when receiving CSI-RS1 or CSI-RS2 and ignore times with simultaneous reception, or the WTRU may follow a priority rule for monitoring one RS (e.g., prioritize CSI-RS1 over CSI-RS2). However, if S-DD is configured, the WTRU may determine that the resources may be received on different panels, and the WTRU may adjust its (e.g., best) spatial receive filter for Panel 1 to receive CSI-RS1, and its (e.g., best) spatial filter for Panel 2 to receive CSI-RS2.

[0082] In some situations, an RS may be associated with a pool or TCI for simultaneous monitoring. Specifically, one RS resource may be configured with a pool index, which may be shared by multiple TRPs or multiple panels in one TRP, and the WTRU may determine that (e.g., two) RS resources linked to different pool indexes may be received simultaneously. RS resources may be grouped according to those having the same pool index so that the WTRU can simultaneously monitor RSs configured with different pool indexes. For example, an RS from a pool with index 1 may be linked to an RS from a pool with index 2, and the WTRU may determine that the RS from index 1 may be monitored simultaneously with the RS from index 2. Resources in a pool may belong to the same TRP or different TRPs. The WTRU may determine which RSs may be monitored simultaneously based on the CORESETpoolindex. For example, in the case of a single DCI scheduling simultaneous transmissions from multiple TRPs, CORESETpoolindex=0 may be configured with RS1 from TRP1 and RS2 from TRP2. The WTRU may determine that RS1 and RS2 may be monitored simultaneously if the WTRU is scheduled on resources from a CORESET with CORESETpoolindex=0. Alternatively, the RSs may be linked to a TCI, and the WTRU may determine which RSs to monitor simultaneously based on the TCI. For example, the WTRU may determine that the WTRU is scheduled on a TCI corresponding to one source RS to determine its spatial receive filter for the PDSCH, and the TCI may be associated with one or more RSs to monitor. For example, the WTRU may determine that RS1 and RS2 are linked to a TCI state, and the WTRU may monitor RS1 and RS2 simultaneously when the TCI state is activated.

[0083] In one or more embodiments, the number of beams for simultaneous reception (Br) and the number of beams for simultaneous transmission (Bt) may be used to determine the best RS during an operating mode for beam management.

[0084] Beam groups may be used, defined, or configured, and may be referred to by at least one of the following: the beams of a beam group may be received or transmitted simultaneously (e.g., received or transmitted in the same symbol or slot), and each beam of a beam group may belong to a different antenna panel; a single beam of a beam group may be received or transmitted at a time, and all beams of a beam group may belong to the same antenna panel.

[0085] In some cases, beam groups may be defined, determined, used, or configured separately for transmission and reception, for example, Tx beam groups and Rx beam groups may be used.

[0086] The number of beams in a beam group (e.g., Br, Bt) may be determined based on one or more of the following: the number of panels used, determined, or implemented in the WTRU or gNB; a capability indication from the WTRU; higher layer configuration from the gNB or other network entity / node / module; and / or the number of TRPs for cooperative transmission and / or reception.

[0087] A beam group may be defined or used as a beam group index, a beam group identification, beams from the same panel, beams associated with the same panel identification, beams from the same TRP, beams associated with the same TRP identification, and / or beams from the same cell. In some cases, a beam group may include a single beam.

[0088] As disclosed herein, beam group may be used interchangeably with beam set, beam subset, beam pair, Tx / Tx beam pair, and Rx / Rx beam pair.

[0089] In one situation, one or more beam groups may be used, and the number of beams in each beam group may be different. For example, a first beam group may include B beams, and a second beam group may include B beams, where B≠B. In this situation, one or more of the following may be true: the first beam group may include a single beam (e.g., B=1), and the second beam group may include multiple beams (e.g., B>1), where B may be the same number as the number of active panels or active TRPs; and / or the WTRU may determine a beam group (e.g., beam group identification information) from the one or more beam groups configured or used based on one or more factors.

[0090] Examples of one or more factors for determining the beam group may be one or more of the following: measurement quality of beams from one or more panels or TRPs; number of configured CORSET pool indices (one or more); number of active panels; and / or number of TRPs for joint transmission / reception.

[0091] Regarding the measurement quality of beams from one or more panels or TRPs, in one example, the WTRU may measure beam reference signals from different panels or TRPs, and if a gap between the measurement results of the different beam reference signals is greater than a threshold, a first set of beams may be used. Otherwise, a second set of beams may be used. Additionally / alternatively, the measurement quality may be based on L1-RSRP or L1-SINR. Additionally / alternatively, the beam reference signals from the panels or TRPs may be reference signals configured with panel identification information or TRP identification information.

[0092] With respect to the number of configured CORESET pool indices, in one example, the WTRU may use or determine a first set of beams when a single CORESET pool index is used or configured, and the WTRU may use or determine a second set of beams when multiple CORESET pool indices are used or configured. Additionally / alternatively, a CORESET pool index may be configured per CORESET.

[0093] With respect to the number of active panels, in one example, the WTRU may use or determine a first beam group if the number of active panels is less than a threshold. Otherwise, the WTRU may use or determine a second beam group, where the first beam group may have a fewer number of beams than the second beam group. Additionally, or alternatively, the threshold may be predetermined (e.g., 1), pre-configured, configured, or instructed. Additionally / alternatively, the number of active panels may be determined based on at least one of the following: a WTRU capability indication; a WTRU report (e.g., periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent); a gNB indication (e.g., configuration); an operating mode (e.g., power saving mode, normal power mode); a frequency range (e.g., FR1, FR2); and / or the number of active bandwidth portions.

[0094] Regarding the number of TRPs for joint transmission / reception, in one example, the WTRU may use or determine a first beam group if the number of TRPs for joint transmission / reception is less than a threshold. Otherwise, the WTRU may use or determine a second beam group. Additionally / alternatively, the number of TRPs for joint transmission / reception may be determined based on at least one of the following: the number of used or configured CORESET pool indices; and / or the number of PCIDs associated with the configured CORESET (e.g., each CORESET may be configured with physical cell identities (PCIDs), and the number of PCIDs may be the number of used or configured PCIDs for one or more configured CORESETs).

[0095] In one situation, one or more beam groups may be used, and the WTRU may determine a beam group from the one or more beam groups used, and the determined beam group may be used or applied for one or more of the following: beam measurement reporting; joint or simultaneous reception of downlink channels and signals using different beams; and / or joint or simultaneous reception of uplink channels and signals using different beams.

[0096] Regarding beam measurement reporting, in one example, there may be a number of beams to report. For example, the WTRU may be configured to report Br beams as a reporting configuration, and Br may be determined based on the determined beam group. In another example, there may be several reference signals to measure simultaneously. For example, one or more reference signals may be configured with the same periodicity, slot, and / or symbol, and the number of reference signals to measure simultaneously may be determined based on the determined beam group.

[0097] Regarding joint or simultaneous reception of downlink channels and signals using different beams, in one example, there may be a CORESET pool index used. For example, a single CORESET pool index may be used when the first beam group is determined. Otherwise, multiple CORESET pool indexes may be used. Furthermore, a CORESET comprised of one or more CORESET pool indexes may be configured. The first CORESET pool index may be used when the first beam group is determined or used, the second CORESET pool index may be used when the second beam group is determined or used, and so on. In one example, there may be several TCI states indicated in the DCI. For example, when the first beam group is determined or used, a single TCI state may be indicated for PDSCH reception, and when the second beam group is determined or used, multiple TCI states may be indicated for PDSCH reception.

[0098] Regarding joint or simultaneous transmission of uplink channels and signals using different beams, in one example, there may be several pieces of spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo or SRI) for the uplink channels or signals. For example, when a first beam group is used or determined, a single piece of spatial relationship information or SRI may be used / indicated for uplink transmission (e.g., PUCCH, SRS, PUSCH), and when a second beam group is used or determined, multiple pieces of spatial relationship information or SRI may be used / indicated for uplink transmission. In one example, an uplink channel or signal may be configured with one or more sets of spatial relationship information or SRIs, and the first set of spatial relationship information or SRIs may be used when the first beam group is determined or used, and the second set of spatial relationship information or SRIs may be used when the second beam group is determined or used. For example, the first set of spatial relationship information or SRIs may include a single piece of spatial relationship information or SRI, and the second set of spatial relationship information or SRIs may include two or more pieces of spatial relationship information or SRIs. Furthermore, which spatial relationship information group or SRI group to use may be determined based on the beam group to be determined or used. In one example, the numeric bits of the SRI field of the DCI may be determined based on the beam group to be determined or used.

[0099] In one situation, there may be techniques for CSI reporting. Specifically, the CSI reporting function may be extended to optimize reception from different panels on the WTRU side and / or transmission from different TRPs on the network side. Furthermore, the extension may be such that, when so configured, the WTRU indicates beam-related information that meets the desired microdiversity requirements (e.g., multi-TRP transmission and / or multi-panel reception).

[0100] As disclosed herein, the beam-related information may correspond to at least a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), an SSB resource indicator (SSBRI), an indication of the panel used for reception at the WTRU (e.g., panel identification information or group identification information), measurements such as L1-RSRP, L1-SINR obtained from the SSB or CSI-RS (e.g., cri-RSRP, cri-SINR, ssb-Index-RSRP, ssb-Index-SINR), and other channel state information such as a rank indicator (RI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), etc.

[0101] The WTRU may be configured with at least one set of CSI-RS or SSB resources for the purpose of reporting beam-related information. The CSI-RS resources may be configured with additional TRP indices. Equivalently, each of the at least one set of CSI-RS may be associated with a TRP index. The WTRU may measure and report beam-related information assuming reception from a specific panel or group identity. The panel or group identity may be defined, for example, such that beam-related information is valid for simultaneous reception (e.g., using different spatial filters) when corresponding to different panel or group identities. The WTRU may associate a panel identity with reception from a specific physical antenna panel or with reception from any combination of antennas that meets the requirement for simultaneous reception for other panel identities.

[0102] The WTRU may be configured to report beam-related information for each specific set of TRP indices and / or for each specific set of panel or group identities. The WTRU may also be configured to report for a specific set of combinations of TRP indices and panel or group identities. The set of TRP indices and / or panel or group identities, or combinations thereof, applicable to a particular report may be configured by the RRC (e.g., as part of the reporting configuration) or signaled by the MAC (e.g., as part of the MAC control element) and / or physical layer (e.g., from an aperiodic CSI request field in the DCI whose possible values ​​are mapped to a set configured by higher layers).

[0103] In one situation, there may be constraints for reporting beam-related information, i.e., microdiversity. To reduce CSI reporting overhead, the WTRU may be configured to report beam-related information for a specific set of combinations of TRP index and panel or group identity that satisfy only certain constraints. The constraints may be such that the corresponding transmissions satisfy certain requirements for microdiversity. For example, the WTRU may be configured to report beam-related information for a set of combinations that satisfy at least one of the following: the TRP index differs between any pair of combinations; the panel identity or group identity differs between any pair of combinations; and / or at least one of the TRP index, panel identity, or group identity differs between any pair of combinations. The following may be configured by RRC or signaled by MAC or DCI: the application of any such constraints, the set thereof; and / or the number or maximum number of combinations for which beam-related information is reported.

[0104] When determining the combination for which beam-related information will be reported, the WTRU may first prioritize the combination with the highest measurement value, then the combination with the next highest measurement value that satisfies the constraints imposed on the first combination, and so on.

[0105] As a result of applying the first two constraints in the above example, the WTRU can provide relevant beam-related information when the network attempts to perform multi-TRP transmissions that are received by different antenna panels at the WTRU, thus maximizing the macro diversity and robustness of the transmission.

[0106] 4A is a flowchart of an example process for enhancements to CSI reporting for mTRP in accordance with one or more techniques disclosed herein. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example of enhancements to CSI reporting for mTRP in accordance with one or more techniques described herein. In this example 400, a WTRU may communicate with three TRPs (e.g., TRP1, TRP2, and TRP3), each having a CSI-RS (e.g., CSI-RS1, CSI-RS2, and CSI-RS3). At 401, the WTRU may receive one or more configurations including a CSI-RS resource configuration and a beam-related information reporting configuration (e.g., a CRI / CSI / CQI reporting configuration). The CSI-RS resource configuration may include a set of CSI-RS resources 411, which may correspond to a TRP index (e.g., CSI-RS1 associated with TRP1). The beam-related information reporting configuration may include reporting information about CRI for one or more sets of TRPs. Thus, in an mTRP, there may be two or more sets of TRPs associated with one CRI, and in a single TRP, there may be one set of TRPs associated with one CRI. Furthermore, for each reported CSI-RS, there may be beam-related information (e.g., CRI) such that the CRI may be associated with one or more TRPs and one or more CSI-RS resources. See, for example, the bold black box and the arrow between 411 and 412, which indicate that two or more TRPs may be associated with one CRI for a given CSI-RS pair. At 402, the WTRU may receive / measure one or more CSI-RSs for each CRI and determine measurement information (e.g., CSI, CQI, beam-related information, etc.). Since there may be two or more TRPs (e.g., joint TX) for a CRI with a CSI-RS pair, an mTRP scenario may be envisioned. At 403, the WTRU may report the CRI(s) based on the reporting configuration. Specifically, as described herein, there may be constraints on reporting to address microdiversity (e.g., mTRP scenarios). The WTRU may have been previously provided with one or more constraints.The WTRU may prioritize the pair / combination with the highest measurement value (e.g., the CRI for the mTRP with the highest CQI and the CRI for the single TRP with the highest CQI). At 404, the WTRU may receive a transmission on a PDSCH selected based on the reported information (e.g., the gNB uses the reported CSI to determine the TRP(s) for transmission). Note that in the example report of 403 (e.g., the dashed box of 412), the WTRU may report CRI4 (e.g., mTRP), CRI1 (e.g., single TRP), and associated reporting quantities (e.g., beam-related information such as RI, CQI, PMI, etc.). Because CRI4 was best, the resulting transmission (e.g., PDSCH) may be received at the WTRU from TRP1 and TRP2 because CRI4 was associated with resource pair CSI-RS1 and CSI-RS2.

[0107] In one situation, there may be a conditional lifting of a restriction based on measurement results. Specifically, the restriction may be lifted under the condition that applying the restriction would result in reporting a metric or measurement value that is worse than or equal to a threshold value compared to not applying the restriction. For example, the L1-RSRP value may be a first value for a combination of TRP index 1 and panel identification 1 and a second value for a combination of TRP index 1 and panel identification 2, where the first value may be higher than the second value. The WTRU may already have determined a combination that includes panel identification 1. In such a case, the WTRU may report on the combination of TRP index 1 and panel identification 2 under the condition that the second value is higher than the first value minus a threshold value, and may report on the combination of TRP index 1 and panel identification 1 otherwise. Such lifting of a restriction based on measurement differences may avoid reporting beam-related information for transmission options that do not provide significant microdiversity benefits.

[0108] In one situation, there may be constraints for reporting beam-related information: TCI state configuration. Specifically, the WTRU may be configured to report beam-related information only for a subset of resources configured as part of a particular TCI state. The TCI state may be a subset of the set of TCI states configured by the RRC as indicated by the configuration, or may correspond to the set of active TCI states from MAC signaling.

[0109] In one situation, there may be constraints for reporting beam-related information based on PUCCH resource selection. In one example, the WTRU may determine a spatial filter (e.g., RS index) to include CSI reporting based on the PUCCH resource configuration. When the WTRU is configured with PUCCH resources, this may be configured with a subset / set of RSs that may be valid for reporting (e.g., where all RSs are a set and there is a subset of RSs of the set of RSs that may be valid for reporting). As described, the RSs may be configured into sets, and the sets may have an index that may be linked to the PUCCH resource configuration. The PUCCH resource configuration may be a PUCCH resource indicator (PRI) within a PUCCH resource set, a subset of PRIs, or multiple PUCCH resource sets. For example, a WTRU may be configured with three RSs (RS1, RS2, RS3) and two PUCCH resources (PUCCH1, PUCCH2). RS1 and RS2 may be grouped into set 1, and RS3 may be grouped into set 2. The WTRU may choose to report only RSs from set 1 using PUCCH1 and RSs from set 2 on PUCCH2.

[0110] In one example, the PUCCH resources may be pre-configured or dynamically indicated in the DCI. The configuration between the PUCCH resources and the RS set may be done by the TRP based on network configuration, WTRU feedback, or a combination of both. The TRP may monitor both PUCCH resources. The WTRU may report on both PUCCH resources, or the WTRU may choose to report on only one PUCCH resource. The WTRU may determine the PUCCH resource based on the TRP index, DCI with explicit indication, signal quality of the SRI, etc.

[0111] FIG. 5 illustrates an example with two TRPs (TRP1, TRP2), where a WTRU may be configured to report RSs of all TRPs from which it has received RSs to one TRP. In this example, TRP1 may be transmitting RS1 and RS2, and TR2 may be transmitting RS3. At 501, the WTRU may measure the signal quality of RS1, RS2, and RS3. At 502, the WTRU may be configured with two resources to report using the PUCCH (e.g., PRI1, PRI2). At 503, the WTRU may report RS1 and RS2 on PRI1 to TRP1 and RS3 on PRI2 to TRP1, and the WTRU may determine a spatial filter (SRI1) for transmitting (PRI1, PRI2).

[0112] The WTRU may determine that PUCCH1 may be used to report an RS from TRP1, and PUCCH2 may be used to report an RS from TRP2. Because PUCCH1 is used for TRP1, the WTRU may determine to use the SRI configured for TRP1, SRI1. TRP1 may monitor PUCCH1 and PUCCH2 and may determine that it may schedule the WTRU using one RS received from PUCCH1 and one RS received from PUCCH2 for S-DD operation. After reporting on PUCCH1 and PUCCH2, the WTRU may monitor transmissions from TRP1 and TRP2 for S-DD. If the WTRU determines that it prefers non-S-DD mode, it may report only one PUCCH resource (e.g., PUCCH1). The TRP may determine that it has received one PUCCH resource and may decide to schedule the WTRU in non-S-DD mode.

[0113] In another example, a WTRU may use RS resource sets to report spatial filters for each panel. A WTRU with two panels may measure RSs from RS Set 1. Set 1 may be linked to two PUCCH resources. The WTRU may determine that any RS measurements from Set 1 received on Panel 1 may be reported on PUCCH 1, while any RS measurements from Set 1 received on Panel 2 may be reported on PUCCH 2. The TRP may monitor both PUCCH resources and determine which RS is best for each WTRU panel based on the received PUCCH resource and its content. The WTRU may decide to transmit on only one PUCCH resource to signal its preference for single-panel use. The TRP may determine that it has received one of the two PUCCH resources and may decide to schedule the WTRU on a single panel.

[0114] A subset of RSs in an RS set may be linked to each other, and an RS set may consist of two PUCCH resources. The WTRU can signal its preference for switching to S-DD mode by deciding to report linked RS resources. For example, RS1 and RS3 may be linked for S-DD mode, and RS2 and RS3 may not be linked. The WTRU can report linked RSs (e.g., RS1 on PUCCH1 and RS3 on PUCCH2) when it determines that S-DD mode is preferred, while the WTRU can report unlinked RSs (e.g., RS2 on PUCCH1 and RS3 on PUCCH2) when it determines that single-TRP mode is preferred. The TRP can schedule the WTRU with S-DD on RS1 and RS3 based on the received report, or it can schedule the WTRU with TDM transmission on a single (or multiple) TRP on RS2 and RS3. If a WTRU transmits RSs in two different linked PUCCH resources and the TRP receives only one of the PUCCH resources, the TRP may determine that one of the RS signal quality is poor. In this case, the TRP may trigger a beam pairing procedure (e.g., trigger the WTRU to transmit aperiodic SRSs) or update the PUCCH spatial relationship through the MAC CE.

[0115] In one situation, there may be an implicit link between beam-related information and spatial filter selection. In one example, the WTRU may determine the link between the spatial filter (e.g., RS index) and the SRI and implicitly signal this link to the TRP via the WTRU's selection of the PUCCH resource and SRI. When the WTRU generates a CSI report to transmit on the PUCCH resource, the WTRU may select which RS to include in the report. When the WTRU selects an SRI to transmit on the PUCCH resource, the WTRU may determine that the beam-related information (e.g., index, signal quality, etc.) included in the CSI report is measured assuming the selected SRI. The TRP may use information about the link between the RS and the SRI to determine whether the RSs can be scheduled simultaneously, which RS is best for each SRI, etc.

[0116] 6 illustrates an example scenario of a WTRU supporting a TRP, in accordance with one or more techniques disclosed herein. In FIG. 6, a WTRU 601 may support a TRP 602 to link the contents of a CSI report (e.g., RS1) to the WTRU's 601 panel. At 611, the WTRU may measure RS1 on Panel 1 and Panel 2. The WTRU 601 may transmit two CSI reports (e.g., 612, 613) for (RS1) on two PUCCH resources, each measuring the signal quality of RS1 received on Panels 1 and 2, respectively. At 621, the two PUCCH resources may be configured with two different SRIs, with SRI1 associated with WTRU Panel 1 and SRI2 associated with WTRU Panel 2. At 622, the WTRU 601 may determine that RS1 received on panel 1 may be reported on a PUCCH configured with SRI1 (612), and RS1 received on panel 2 may be reported on a PUCCH resource configured with SRI2 (613). At 623, the TRP 602 may monitor for both PUCCH resources and determine that the CSI report in each PUCCH resource corresponds to the WTRU's measurements on the panel (e.g., spatial filter) associated with the SRI used to transmit the PUCCH.

[0117] In another example, both SRIs may be configured on the same panel, and the WTRU may separately measure RS1 and RS2 received on SRI1 and SRI2. The WTRU may report a CSI report for RS1 and RS2 measured with SRI1 on PUCCH1, and a CSI report for RS1 and RS2 measured with SRI2 on PUCCH2.

[0118] The WTRU may also report beam-related information for S-DU operation in this manner. The WTRU may determine that the RS in the CSI report and the SRI used to transmit the CSI report may be paired for the S-DU.

[0119] In some embodiments, there may be methods for S-UU transmission modes. Additionally, there may be techniques disclosed herein for WTRU-based panel selection. As disclosed herein, TCI state may be used interchangeably with spatial relationship information and beam direction while still being consistent with this disclosure. Additionally, as disclosed herein, SRS resource set may be used interchangeably with SRS resource and WTRU panel while still being consistent with this disclosure.

[0120] In some situations, there may be an operating mode for the WTRU regarding S-UU transmission. The WTRU may support S-UU transmission based on one or more of the following operating modes. In one example, the operating mode may be determined based on the number of PUCCH resource indicators in the UL DCI. For example, if the gNB indicates one PUCCH resource for PUCCH transmission, the WTRU may decide to use a single PUCCH transmission. If the gNB indicates two or more PUCCH resources, the WTRU may decide to use S-UU transmission. In one example, the operating mode may be determined based on the WTRU capabilities and the gNB configuration based on the WTRU capability report. For example, the WTRU may be configured with an extended transmission type for S-UU transmission. For example, the WTRU may be configured with an extended type PUCCH resource indicator that indicates one or more PUCCH resources per PUCCH resource indicator value. The configuration may apply to the WTRU or to one or more PUCCH resource sets of the WTRU. In one example, the WTRU may request its preferred operating mode for S-UU transmission. For example, if the WTRU is capable of supporting both single uplink transmission and S-UU transmission, the WTRU may indicate to the gNB about the preferred mode of operation.

[0121] In a first mode of operation (e.g., single uplink transmission), the WTRU may transmit a single PUCCH or PUSCH based on configured / instructed resources. In a second mode of operation (e.g., S-UU transmission), the WTRU may transmit one or more PUCCHs and / or one or more PUSCHs simultaneously.

[0122] In some situations, there may be a beam indication for the S-UU. The WTRU may receive one or more indications to indicate one or more beams to be used for the S-UU transmission. The one or more indications may be based on one or more of the following: a beam indication in the DCI; a beam indication in the MAC CE; and / or a beam indication in the RRC.

[0123] For beam indication in DCI, in one example, the WTRU may receive one or more TCI states via a PDCCH that schedules an S-UU transmission. In one example, the WTRU may receive a first TCI state via a PDCCH that schedules an S-UU transmission. Based on the first TCI state, the WTRU may determine a second TCI state associated with the first TCI state. The association may be indicated by the gNB via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI. The indication of the one or more TCI states may be based on two or more configured / activated TCI states by the gNB (e.g., via RRC and / or MAC CE).

[0124] For beam indication at the MAC CE, in one example, the WTRU may receive one or more TCI states via the MAC CE for S-UU transmission. In one example, the WTRU may receive a set of TCI states that impair one or more TCI states via the MAC CE. The indication of the one or more TCI states may be based on two or more TCI states configured by the gNB (e.g., via RRC).

[0125] For beam indication in RRC, in one example, the WTRU may receive one or more TCI states via one or more RRC messages for S-UU transmission. The indication of the one or more TCI states may be per PUCCH resource and / or per PUCCH resource group. The indication of the one or more TCI states may be per PUSCH configuration and / or per configuration grant configuration.

[0126] In some situations, there may be a determination of a time offset between one or more PUCCHs and / or one or more PUSCHs. Specifically, the WTRU may receive one or more time domain resource configurations for uplink transmission. The one or more time domain resource configurations may include one or more of the following: a minimum applicable scheduling offset (e.g., the WTRU may be configured by RRC with one or more offset values ​​(e.g., slots) for active DL and / or UL BWPs, and based on the configured values, the WTRU may receive an indication via DCI); a starting symbol S (e.g., the starting symbol may be relative to the start of the slot); and / or a length L and / or number of symbols (e.g., the length may indicate the number of consecutive symbols S counting from the symbol S allocated for uplink transmission).

[0127] The one or more time domain resource configurations may be based on one or more of the following: explicit instructions; implicit instructions; and / or a combination of explicit instructions(s) and implicit instructions(s).

[0128] In an explicit indication, in one example, the WTRU may receive an indication of one or more time domain resource configurations via a DCI based on a plurality of predetermined time domain resource configurations. In one example, the WTRU may receive an indication of one or more time domain resource configurations via a DCI based on a plurality of time domain resource configurations via RRC.

[0129] In the implicit indication, in one example, the WTRU may receive a time domain resource configuration associated with a TCI state. The WTRU may apply the time domain resource configuration associated with the TCI state when the WTRU transmits a PUCCH or a PUSCH using the TCI state. In one example, the WTRU may receive a time domain resource configuration associated with an SRS resource set. The WTRU may apply the time domain resource configuration associated with the SRS resource set when the WTRU transmits a PUCCH or a PUSCH using the TCI state.

[0130] In a combination of explicit and implicit indication, in one example, a WTRU may receive an indication of one or more time domain resource configurations via a DCI (e.g., based on a predetermined configuration or configuration via RRC). Based on the indication, a time domain resource configuration associated with a TCI state may indicate an additional time offset from the one or more time domain resource configurations via the DCI. For example, a WTRU may receive an indication of one or more time domain resource configurations via a DCI (e.g., based on a predetermined configuration or configuration via RRC). Based on the indication, a time domain resource configuration associated with an SRS resource set may indicate an additional time offset from the one or more time domain resource configurations via the DCI.

[0131] In one situation, the WTRU may determine one or more time domain resources for S-UU transmission based on one or more time domain resource configurations. The determination may be based on one or more of the following: whether the indicated TCI state is applicable to the S-UU transmission; and / or the WTRU capabilities and gNB configuration.

[0132] With regard to whether the indicated TCI states are applicable to the S-UU transmissions, in one example, if the WTRU can simultaneously apply the indicated TCI states to the S-UU transmissions, the WTRU may determine a first time domain resource configuration. If the WTRU cannot simultaneously apply the indicated TCI states, the WTRU may determine two or more second time domain resource configurations for separate transmissions. The decision may be based on one or more of the following: a decision between a DCI state and a TCI state; a decision between TCI states; a decision between a DCI resource set and an SRS resource set; a decision between a DCI resource set and an SRS resource set; a decision between SRS resource sets; and / or a decision between a DCI and a pre-configured resource.

[0133] With respect to the determination between the DCI state and the TCI state, in one example, the first time domain resource configuration may be indicated via the DCI (e.g., via a time domain resource allocation field) and the second time domain resource configuration may be indicated via the indicated TCI state. In another example, the first time domain resource configuration may be based on the DCI and the second time domain resource configuration may be based on the DCI and the indicated TCI state.

[0134] Regarding the determination between TCI states, in one example, the first time domain resource configuration can be based on the first TCI state, and the second time domain resource configuration can be based on the first TCI state and the second TCI state. The first TCI state can be determined based on a TCI state ID (e.g., the TCI state with the lowest or highest TCI state ID), an indication order (e.g., the TCI state indicated first), and / or a predetermined TCI state.

[0135] With regard to the determination between the DCI resource set and the SRS resource set, in one example, the first time domain resource configuration may be indicated via the DCI (e.g., via a time domain resource allocation field), and the second time domain resource configuration may be indicated via the indicated SRS resource set. In another example, the first time domain resource configuration may be based on the DCI, and the second time domain resource configuration may be based on the DCI and the indicated SRS resource set.

[0136] Regarding the determination between SRS resource sets, in one example, the first time-domain resource configuration can be based on the first SRS resource set, and the second time-domain resource configuration can be based on the first SRS resource set and the second SRS resource set, where the first SRS resource set can be determined based on an SRS resource set ID (e.g., the SRS resource set with the lowest or highest SRS resource set ID), an indication order (e.g., the SRS resource set indicated first), and / or a predetermined SRS resource set.

[0137] Regarding the determination between the DCI and the pre-configured resources, in one example, the first time domain resource configuration can be based on the DCI, and the second time domain resource configuration can be based on the DCI and the pre-configured resources. The WTRU may be configured with the pre-configured resources via RRC and / or MAC CE.

[0138] 7 is a flowchart of an example process for simultaneous UL TX for two TRPs. At 701, the WTRU may indicate a preferred mode of operation (e.g., simultaneous UL to two TRPs or single UL to one TRP). At 702, the WTRU may receive the TCI state and determine one or more spatial filters to use for the simultaneous UL (e.g., the spatial filters may correspond to a pair of TCI states that are together associated with the simultaneous UL through RRC, MAC CE, or DCI). At 703, the WTRU may determine time and / or frequency resources based on the TCI state (e.g., if the TCI state is associated with the simultaneous UL, the WTRU may determine the time / frequency resources for each TRP).

[0139] In one situation, there may be prioritization of PUCCH and / or PUSCH transmissions. Specifically, the WTRU may determine the prioritization among one or more PUCCHs and / or one or more PUSCHs (e.g., if the WTRU cannot simultaneously apply the indicated TCI conditions). The prioritization among one or more PUCCHs and / or one or more PUSCHs may be one or more of the following: dropping one or more uplink channels with lower priority; and / or transmitting (e.g., via RRC) a first one or more uplink channels with higher priority within the assigned time and frequency resources and a second one or more uplink channels with lower priority within the pre-configured resources.

[0140] The WTRU may prioritize one or more uplink channels based on one or more of the following: channel type (e.g., the WTRU may prioritize a first type of channel (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) over a second type of channel (e.g., PUSCH or PUCCH); information type (e.g., the WTRU may prioritize a first type of information (e.g., HARQ-ACK / NACK) over a second type of information (e.g., CSI report); transmission type (e.g., the WTRU may prioritize a first type of transmission (e.g., aperiodic) over a second type of transmission (e.g., semi-persistent or periodic)). PUCCH resource ID (e.g., the WTRU may prioritize a first PUCCH resource with a first ID over a second PUCCH resource with a second ID, where the first ID may be smaller or larger than the second ID); and / or time resource (e.g., the WTRU may prioritize a first uplink transmission over a second transmission based on the time resource; and / or the first time resource of the first uplink transmission may have a smaller time offset (e.g., fewer symbols and / or slots) than the second time resource of the second uplink transmission).

[0141] In one scenario, there may be a process for WTRU-assisted S-UU transmission mode selection. The WTRU may be scheduled for S-UU transmission of the PUSCH or PUCCH, and the scheduling may be coordinated by the network. The network may measure channel quality (e.g., RSRP, SINR, CQI, etc.) on an UL reference signal (e.g., SRS) and determine whether the WTRU is scheduled in S-UU mode (e.g., the WTRU may transmit on two panels at the same time instance for two TRPs). In one alternative, there may be a single-panel mode in which the WTRU transmits on one panel at a time at one time instance. However, the WTRU may have additional information to determine whether S-UU transmission is necessary. For example, to save power, the WTRU may transmit in S-UU mode only during fixed periods. Or the WTRU may be configured with more than two TRPs and determine that a subset of its panels or TRPs is preferred for S-UU. The WTRU may then need to indicate to the network when and how to use S-UU mode. In some cases, there may be one or more processes for how the WTRU may decide to use S-UU mode and how the WTRU reports this to the network (e.g., as described herein).

[0142] In some cases, the WTRU can assist the network in determining to use the S-UU mode of transmission. The WTRU can request a scheduling mode of operation between S-UU and single panel. The WTRU can determine the mode of operation based on one or more factors.

[0143] In one example, the factor may be DL signal quality to each TRP based on reference signal (RS) channel measurements (e.g., SSB-RSRP). For example, two RSs may be configured, and the WTRU may request an S-UU if the difference in RSRP between the two RSs exceeds a threshold, or if two or more measured RSRPs exceed a threshold.

[0144] In one example, the factor may be the number of activated panels. The WTRU may request an S-UU if the WTRU activates a number of panels above a threshold. For example, if the WTRU activates two or more panels, the WTRU may request an S-UU transmission.

[0145] In one example, the factor may be a data buffer. For example, if the WTRU has an amount of data to transmit that is above a threshold, the WTRU may request an S-UU transmission.

[0146] In one example, the factor may be the number of TRPs. For example, if the WTRU is configured with a number of TRPs above a threshold, the WTRU may trigger a request.

[0147] In some cases, after the WTRU determines the operating mode, the WTRU may trigger an indication of the requested mode to the network using an explicit indication of the order of different operating modes, for example, based on channel quality measurements. The WTRU may use a MAC CE (e.g., a new MAC CE) to report the ordering, or a UCI (e.g., a new UCI) may be used. The WTRU may request or indicate the ordering of the operating modes in a numbered list, where the ordering determines the WTRU's priority between S-UU and single panel operating modes. For example, the WTRU may report S-UU as a first priority and single panel transmit operating mode as a second priority. The content of the MAC CE or UCI report may include one or more pieces of information.

[0148] In one example, one piece of information may be a bit field to indicate S-UU or single panel mode. For example, a WTRU may be configured with two TRPs. In the report, the WTRU may set bit=1, meaning that the WTRU requests S-UU transmission mode to both TRPs, or the WTRU may set bit=0 to request single panel mode.

[0149] In one example, one piece of information may be a TRP index. If more than one TRP is configured for the WTRU, the WTRU may include the TRP index to indicate a subset of TRP pairs for S-UU mode among all configured TRPs. For example, the WTRU may be configured with three TRPs, TRP1, TRP2, and TRP3, and the WTRU may determine the subset of TRPs for S-UU mode. The WTRU may include the indexes for TRP1 and TRP2 to indicate that TRP1 and TRP2 are required to transmit in S-UU mode. If more than one pair meets the selection threshold, the WTRU may report the pairs in order based on highest to lowest channel measurement values. For example, TRP1 and TRP3 may also be reported in the list after the pair TRP1 and TRP2 if the WTRU determines that this is the second pair that meets the selection threshold.

[0150] Alternatively, the WTRU may indicate a TRP pair index. The pairs may be explicitly configured with an index. For example, TRP1 and TRP2 correspond to pair index 1, and TRP1 and TRP3 correspond to pair index 2.

[0151] A pair may be implicitly configured with a UL TCI codepoint consisting of two UL TCI states, where each TCI state is QCL'd using an RS for a different TRP. For example, a UL TCI is configured with RS1 and RS2, where RS1 and RS2 are QCL'd using TRP1 and TRP2, respectively. If a WTRU includes this UL TCI with two TCIs in an S-UU request, the network may determine that the WTRU requests S-UU transmission using TRP1 and TRP2.

[0152] For example, one piece of information may be a panel index, and if the WTRU has two or more panels, the WTRU may report the pair of panel indices for which the WTRU requests S-UU transmission mode. For example, the WTRU may have three panels. The WTRU may report panel indices 1 and 2 to indicate that it requests the network to schedule in S-UU mode using only panels 1 and 2.

[0153] In one example, the information may be a combination of some of the examples provided herein (e.g., one or more of the information disclosed above). For example, a WTRU may be configured with TRP1 and TRP2. The WTRU may report a pair index corresponding to TRP1 and TRP2 with a bit index=1. Thus, the WTRU may indicate to TRP1 and TRP2 that it requests S-UU mode. If the bit index=0, the WTRU may request a single panel transmission to TRP1 and TRP2 (e.g., transmit to TRP1 at time instance t1 and then to TRP2 at time instance t2). The WTRU may include t1 and t2 as absolute time instances. Alternatively, the WTRU may indicate to TRP1 and TRP2 a timing pattern for switching between S-UU and single panel mode (e.g., a 1-4 time slot pattern in which the WTRU requests one slot of S-UU followed by four slots of a single panel).

[0154] Upon receiving the MAC CE or UCI, the network can take into account the WTRU's indicated request. The network can schedule the WTRU in S-UU mode or single panel, taking into account the WTRU's reported request, the WTRU's ordering in the reports, and the network's resource availability. The WTRU can receive an acknowledgment of its MAC CE or UCI request, and the WTRU can adjust its spatial filter / panel for transmission. Alternatively, the WTRU may receive DCI along with scheduling information provided by the network.

[0155] The cases discussed for WTRU-assisted S-UU transmission mode selection may also be used for WTRU-assisted S-DU mode selection, for example, the WTRU may indicate which panel to use for UL, which panel to use for DL, or which TRP to use for UL or DL.

[0156] In one situation, there may be one or more simultaneous SRS transmission indications. The network may need to estimate the channel quality when the WTRU is transmitting on both panels simultaneously. To better measure cross-panel interference, the network may request the WTRU to transmit one or more RSs simultaneously from two or more panels. In some cases, the WTRU may be triggered to transmit SRSs simultaneously by activating SRS resources for simultaneous transmission. The WTRU may transmit SRSs simultaneously using one or more factors.

[0157] One factor may be dynamic indication. For example, if more than one SRS resource may be requested, a DCI for SRS request may be used. The SRS request field may be extended with additional fields, or a separate new field may be defined in the DCI. For example, the bit field may indicate 1 if the requested SRS resources are transmitted simultaneously in S-UU mode, and 0 otherwise.

[0158] One factor may be the MAC CE. A new MAC CE may be defined to configure an association between SRS resources for S-UU transmission. After receiving the MAC CE, the WTRU may determine to activate the indicated SRS resources for the S-UU transmission mode and may transmit the resources simultaneously. For example, the MAC CE may include a list of SRS resource pairs, and the WTRU may determine that the SRS resource pairs are configured for S-UU transmission.

[0159] Alternatively / additionally, an SRS resource may be associated with a TRP index, and the MAC CE may be included in a list of TRP pairs. The TRP index may be explicitly indicated, or a mapping between the TRP index pair and the indicator may be defined (e.g., TRP1-TRP2 corresponds to indicator 1, and TRP1-TRP3 corresponds to indicator 2). The WTRU may determine that the TRP pair determines which associated SRS resources are configured for S-UU mode. For example, the WTRU may receive a MAC CE with TRP1 and TRP2 as a pair. The WTRU may then determine that all SRS resources associated with TRP1 and TRP2 are configured in pairs for S-UU transmission.

[0160] The WTRU may determine that the SRS-Config IE is configured with a new field in the SRS resource set, and the field may flag the SRS resource set to be used for the S-UU.

[0161] The SRS resources may be configured by panel index, and the WTRU may determine that resources with different panel indices may be transmitted simultaneously.

[0162] In some embodiments, there may be a method for the S-DU transmission mode, such as a technique for supporting S-DU operation. In some situations, there may be WTRU S-DU capability signaling. Specifically, the WTRU may indicate its S-DU capabilities to the gNB, and the capability indication may include information such as the number of S-DU-capable panels, UL / DL protection time, and UL / DL protection bands. The capability indication may include numeric panels that may be used for S-DU operation. In one example, the WTRU may implicitly or explicitly indicate panels that have S-DU capability. In an implicit approach, when the WTRU is queried by the gNB, it may indicate S-DU capability with SRS transmission using SRS resources allocated to the panels. In an explicit approach, the WTRU may indicate panels that have S-DU capability using an identification index, such as a panel ID.

[0163] In one example, the WTRU may indicate the minimum time required between UL and DL transmissions. There may be a single guard time indicating the minimum time required between UL and DL transmissions, or two separate guard times intended for UL to DL and DL to UL.

[0164] In one example, the WTRU can indicate the minimum frequency separation required between UL and DL transmissions. There may be a single guard band indicating the minimum frequency separation required between UL and DL transmissions, or two separate guard times intended for UL to DL and DL to UL.

[0165] In one example, the WTRU may indicate a subset of panels that have full duplex capability for operation in S-DU mode.

[0166] In one example, the WTRU may indicate whether it supports S-DU mode over different bandwidth portions, e.g., the WTRU may be configured with DL transmissions in one bandwidth portion and UL transmissions in a different bandwidth portion.

[0167] In some situations, there may be a trigger mechanism for configuration grant scheduling. Specifically, in NR, in addition to dynamic scheduling, both uplink and downlink transmissions may be supported by these corresponding configuration grant mechanisms. In the downlink, in semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) mode, the WTRU may first be configured by RRC with basic transmission parameters, and then the configuration grant may be activated using a dynamic indication such as DCI scrambled in the CS-RNTI. Similarly, in uplink configuration grant type 2 transmission, the WTRU may first be configured by RRC with basic transmission parameters, and then the configuration grant may be activated using a dynamic indication such as DCI scrambled in the CS-RNTI.

[0168] In one example, a WTRU may be configured for jointly configured UL / DL scheduling, where the WTRU may transmit and receive using the same or different subsets of panels or beams.

[0169] For example, the WTRU may receive a single semi-static joint configuration for both uplink or downlink transmissions, or separate configurations for uplink and downlink transmissions. The configurations may or may not have the same periodicity in time. The time pattern indicated for each configuration may or may not be the same. The indicated time patterns may only partially overlap. The RRC configuration may also include a time offset that indicates the start of the pattern relative to receipt of a dynamic activation command, such as a DCI or MAC CE. In some cases, the configuration for each transmission direction may have a different time offset relative to receipt of a dynamic activation command.

[0170] In one example, the WTRU may receive a single dynamic command, such as a DCI or MAC CE, to activate joint configuration scheduling. The WTRU may be configured with a specific RNTI, such as a joint configuration scheduling (JCS) RNTI, such as a JCS-RNTI, to descramble the received activation DCI command for joint configuration scheduling.

[0171] In one example, the WTRU may monitor only a particular search space or CORESET for detection of an activation command. Furthermore, the configured TCI for the CORESET carrying the activation command may be used as an implicit indication of the beam to be used for at least one of the transmissions, such as UL or DL. For example, the WTRU may use the same beam employed for receiving the activation command for a pending configuration grant UL transmission, or a pending scheduled DL transmission, or both.

[0172] 8 illustrates an example operation of a WTRU configured in uplink and downlink transmission scheduled S-DU mode. Generally, the diagram is read from left to right and indicates time increments (e.g., when patterns or text are vertically aligned, they may be interpreted as occurring at the same time increment). At 810, a WTRU transmission pattern is shown. At 820, a UL transmission pattern is shown. At 830, a downlink transmission pattern is shown. Note that at the time an S-DU is configured for the WTRU at 810, the corresponding UL and DL are scheduled (e.g., simultaneously, as shown at 820 and 830, respectively). Furthermore, note that there may be cases where a WTRU only uses the UL configured at 810, and therefore only the uplink pattern at 820 is shown in these cases.

[0173] In some embodiments, there may be one or more dropping rules for S-DU operation. Specifically, the WTRU may be configured to operate with M-TRP transmissions, and the TRPs may or may not be part of the same cell. In one approach, the WTRU may be configured to receive DL transmissions from one TRP and make UL transmissions to a different TRP.

[0174] Despite receiving a scheduled S-DU transmission, a WTRU may need to reallocate a subset of its panels or beams from one transmission type to another for various reasons, such as panel obstruction, MPE issues, power saving modes, poor channel quality, panel switching time, etc. If the WTRU is unable to maintain S-DU operation, in one solution, the WTRU may apply priority rules to select a continuing preferred transmission direction, such as UL or DL. The priority or selection criteria may be considered fixed or configured for the WTRU. The WTRU may apply one or more criteria in selecting a preferred transmission direction.

[0175] The WTRU may always prioritize transmissions associated with a particular cell. The preferred cell may always be considered fixed, such as always being a primary cell or an anchor cell. Alternatively, the WTRU may be configured to consider a cell as a preferred cell.

[0176] In one example, the WTRU may always prioritize transmissions with a particular TRP. For example, the WTRU may always prioritize transmissions with TRP1 regardless of any other aspect of the transmission, such as UL or DL. Alternatively, the WTRU may always prioritize DL transmissions over UL transmissions. For example, the WTRU may continue to receive and process DL transmissions from TRP2, such as PDSCH, and stop UL transmissions, such as PUSCH, to TRP1. Alternatively, the WTRU may always prioritize UL transmissions over DL transmissions.

[0177] In one example, the WTRU may determine the priority of a transmission based on the channel importance and type of the pending transmission. The channel priority may be configured based on one or more different requirements, such as deployment scenario, power saving, UL vs. DL traffic load / type, etc. For example, the WTRU may keep some transmissions and drop others according to the following order: PBCH transmission, PRACH transmission, PDCCH transmission, PUCCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information and / or SR or PUSCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information, PUCCH transmission with CSI or PUSCH transmission with CSI, PUSCH transmission without HARQ-ACK information or CSI, SRS transmission (e.g., with semi-persistent and / or periodic SRS on a serving cell other than the PCell or aperiodic SRS with higher priority than PRACH transmission), PDSCH transmission.

[0178] In one example, the WTRU may employ prioritization based on service or traffic type, for example, the WTRU may prioritize important transmissions such as URLLC on TRP1 over eMBB transmissions from TRP2.

[0179] In one example, the WTRU may apply prioritization based on whether a transmission is dynamically or semi-statically configured. For example, if the WTRU is configured with a configured UL or DL ​​transmission, such as a UL configured transmission (Type 1 or 2), or a configured downlink scheduled transmission (SPS), the WTRU may always prioritize the semi-statically configured scheduled transmission.

[0180] Any embodiment or example described herein is not intended to be read in isolation from the remainder of the description. Any embodiment described herein may be read in light of other techniques disclosed in other sections of the description. Any embodiment described herein may include steps, and any steps, in part or in whole, may be optional and may be performed in any order.

[0181] As described herein, a higher layer may refer to one or more layers in a protocol stack or a particular sublayer in a protocol stack. A protocol stack may include one or more layers in a WTRU or a network node (e.g., an eNB, a gNB, a server, other functional entity, etc.), and each layer may have one or more sublayers. Each layer / sublayer may be responsible for one or more functions. Each layer / sublayer may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one or more of the other layers / sublayers. In some cases, these layers may be numbered as Layer 1, Layer 2, Layer 3, etc. For example, Layer 3 may include one or more of the following: Non-Access Stratum (NAS), Internet Protocol (IP), and / or Radio Resource Control (RRC). For example, Layer 2 may include one or more of the following: Packet Data Convergence Control (PDCP), Radio Link Control (RLC), and / or Medium Access Control (MAC). For example, Layer 3 may include physical (PHY) layer type operations. The higher the layer number, the higher it is relative to other layers (e.g., layer 3 is higher than layer 1). In some cases, the foregoing examples may themselves be referred to as layers / sublayers regardless of the layer number, or may be referred to as higher layers as described herein. For example, from highest to lowest, the higher layer may be one or more of the following layers / sublayers: NAS layer, RRC layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and / or PHY layer. Any reference to a higher layer herein in conjunction with a process, device, or system refers to a layer higher than the layer of the process, device, or system. In some cases, a reference to a higher layer herein may refer to a function or operation performed by one or more layers described herein. In some cases, a reference to a higher layer herein may refer to information transmitted or received by one or more layers described herein. In some cases, a reference to a higher layer herein may refer to configuration transmitted and / or received by one or more layers described herein.

[0182] Although features and elements are described above in particular combinations, those skilled in the art will understand that each feature or element may be used alone or in any combination with the other features and elements. Furthermore, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware embodied in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted via wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks and digital versatile disks (DVDs). A processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

Claims

1. 1. A method implemented by a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: receiving configuration information, the configuration information indicates a first set of channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources for a first group and a second set of CSI-RS resources for a second group; the configuration information indicates a pair of CSI-RS resources including a first CSI-RS resource from the first set of CSI-RS resources and a second CSI-RS resource from the second set of CSI-RS resources; the first and second CSI-RS resources of the CSI-RS resource pair are configured within the same slot. And, determining beam-related information including a first CSI resource indicator (CRI), a second CRI, and a third CRI; the first CRI corresponds to the first and second CSI-RS resources of the pair of CSI-RS resources, the second CRI corresponds to the first CSI-RS resource from the first set of CSI-RS resources, and the third CRI corresponds to the second CSI-RS resource from the second set of CSI-RS resources. And, transmitting a CSI report including the beam-related information; and simultaneously receiving two transmissions, a first transmission of the two transmissions associated with the first CSI-RS resource of the pair of CSI-RS resources and a second transmission of the two transmissions associated with the second CSI-RS resource of the pair of CSI-RS resources, each transmission being received from a different transmission / reception point (TRP), the first group having a first group identity, the first group identity being associated with a TRP index, the configuration information being received in a radio resource control (RRC) message, and the first CRI being associated with a rank indicator (RI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI); A method comprising:

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the WTRU includes two TCI code point tables, each code point table being bound to a panel of the WTRU.

3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the WTRU uses TCIs from separate tables for simultaneous reception, or the TCI codepoint tables are linked together such that the WTRU determines the codepoint from one table based on the TCI codepoint from another table.

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