Cellulose-containing articles for skin application

Abstract

To provide a method for producing bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-containing article for treating a region of skin which is created by biotechnology.SOLUTION: A method for producing an article containing bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) created by biotechnology includes at least: a step of providing a BNC nonwoven material by a semi-static continuous process including creating of BNC from a bacterial cultured product in culture medium; and a step of providing the article, where the article contains microorganism-originated BNC in an amount of at least 1 wt.% and at most 15 wt.%, and contains fluid in an amount of at least 85 wt.% and at most 99 wt.%, and the BNC has less than 3.0 of polydispersity index.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to biotechnologically produced nanostructured cellulose (BNC)-containing articles for treating areas of the skin, medical and non-medical methods for treating areas of the skin of a subject, and methods for making the BNC-containing articles. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known in the art that pure water offers excellent potential for relaxing and cleansing the skin. However, there is a need to apply a water reservoir that can interact with the skin and provide moisture to the skin for extended periods of time without the need for soaking or bathing. For this purpose, cellulosic articles are known that can be used to provide a water reservoir that is applied to the skin.

[0003] In particular, the prior art has used bacterial cellulose materials for medical and cosmetic applications, which are extracellular polysaccharides produced by various bacteria, including Komatagaibacter, Agrobacter, and Sarcina strains (IF Almeida et al., Bacterial cellulose membranes as drug delivery systems: An in vivo skin compatibility study, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. (2014)).

[0004] Methods for producing bacterial cellulose are known in the art. In particular, static or discontinuous production methods, such as static fermentation, are used. Bacterial BNC produced by static or discontinuous production methods is known, but is relatively expensive and suffers from various drawbacks, particularly disadvantageous or at least suboptimal properties of the produced bacterial cellulose. Furthermore, in static production processes, bacterial cellulose production is limited to batch production. Bacterial cellulose produced by such methods is relatively heavy and has disadvantageously low tensile strength. Each article for application to the skin also requires an additional support or other fastening means. Therefore, such articles usually do not allow the subject to move smoothly while the article remains on the skin area. Due to their relatively low tensile strength, conventional articles are also easily torn. Furthermore, many articles known in the art lack a sufficiently moist feel and simultaneously a soft and smooth surface feel, failing to provide sufficient moisturizing effect to the skin.

[0005] In Non-Patent Document 1, the authors tested the skin compatibility of bacterial cellulose patches by applying the patches to the forearms of subjects for 24 hours. The patches contained 5% water and were fixed to the skin using an aluminum chamber. One patch contained 32% glycerin. The glycerin-containing patch showed improved flexibility.

[0006] Patent Document 1 describes a nanostructured material that can be used as a cosmetic pad or wound dressing. The material can be used to achieve a cooling effect through evaporation of the liquid contained in the material. However, the nanostructured material is somewhat thin. If a thicker material is used, the material requires a support structure for reinforcement. In other embodiments, the material is used with an adhesive or sewn to the skin. However, this document does not disclose an article that can be attached to the skin without a fastening means or means for supporting the structural integrity of the article. Additional support or fastening means would destroy the soft and smooth surface feel of the bacterial cellulose film.

[0007] Patent Document 2 discloses a slimming composition for application to the thighs, which comprises a bacterial cellulose substrate. The substrate contains at least 10% by weight of bacterial cellulose and an active substance. However, even at a very thin thickness of only 1 mm, the article does not adhere to the skin without assistance. In particular, the substrate must be used with a support material in order to remain on the skin after application.

[0008] Patent document 3 discloses a bacterial cellulose film with a density gradient, where, when applied to the skin, the portion of the film in contact with the skin surface has a lower microbial fiber density than the surface facing away from the skin surface. However, the bacterial cellulose film is produced using static fermentation.

[0009] Patent Document 4 discloses a bacterial cellulose sheet for use on sunburned or otherwise damaged skin. The sheet is absorbent to exudates. The sheet can be immersed in a solution of an active ingredient to obtain a sheet having a thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm. The manufacturing process uses fruit juice as a culture medium. However, the manufacturing process is discontinuous, and the moisture content of the finished product is very low.

[0010] Patent Document 5 teaches a biocellulose-containing mask produced in a culture medium containing ginseng extract. The sheet is dried after production and then impregnated with a cosmetic emulsion. However, bacterial cellulose is produced in a static process.

[0011] Patent Document 6 relates to a cosmetic composition containing bacterial cellulose and a powder. It describes a method of contacting bacterial cellulose with a powder and then applying it to the skin. However, a support is required to attach the substrate to the skin. Furthermore, the bacterial cellulose is produced using rotating disk fermentation. However, such rotating disk fermentation produces bacterial cellulose with a somewhat lower tensile strength than bacterial cellulose produced using static conditions. However, the desired advantageous properties of the present invention are not satisfied.

[0012] Patent Document 7 discloses a lip cosmetic sheet containing bacterial cellulose, water, and at least one non-volatile oil. It is estimated that the sheet will remain on the lips for 10 seconds to 20 minutes. The purpose of the invention disclosed in that document is to make the sheet adhere to the lips. However, the treatment time is very short. Furthermore, the bacterial cellulose is produced using a static manufacturing process, which makes the production of the product very expensive and also results in the cellulose produced having further disadvantageous properties. It is stated that the adhesive strength of the sheet is sufficient because the sheet contains water. However, this is only true if the thickness of the cosmetic sheet is thin and the desired adhesion time is short. This document does not disclose how much water or bacterial cellulose is used in the cosmetic sheet.

[0013] Patent Document 8 discloses a localized cosmetic treatment using a laser and microneedles. It should be understood that such laser ablation is a relatively specialized procedure and is related to relatively specialized needs. The localized treatment is applied to reduce the skin's barrier function. After the localized treatment, an aqueous substance is applied. However, bacterial cellulose is produced by a static process, and the use of a support, such as a fabric package, is suggested.

[0014] Facial dermatitis, particularly perioral, orbital, periorbital, or perinasal dermatitis, is a skin condition characterized by numerous small papules, pustules, and vesicles located on the perioral skin around the mouth, the perinasal folds or nasolabial folds around the nostrils, or the periocular area around the eyes. Dermatitis most commonly affects women between the ages of 20 and 45, but can also affect children, men, and the elderly. Recurrence is common and prone to occur in individuals who have had dermatitis once. Facial dermatitis may be asymptomatic or may be accompanied by a burning or stinging sensation in the affected area. The exact cause of the disease is unknown. After excessive treatment, the skin becomes dry and scaly because it can no longer produce the necessary fats and lipids. The often-significantly damaged appearance leads to more intensive treatment and care of the affected area, especially moisturizing, which worsens the rash. Subjects suffering from facial dermatitis also typically apply increasing amounts of cosmetics and skin care products, especially ointments and creams containing cortisone. These cortisone products may achieve initial improvement, but only temporarily. It is known in the art that the rash intensifies and intensifies despite further treatment with cortisone. For effective treatment, the above-mentioned causes must be eliminated. In particular, the regular use of cosmetic creams (moisturizers) must be avoided. Furthermore, phototherapy may be applied. During treatment, the affected skin area only needs to be cleansed with water. For such treatment, the above-mentioned biocellular cellulose articles may be used, but they exhibit the above-mentioned drawbacks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0015] [Patent Document 1] DE 10 2004 002 990 A1 [Patent Document 2] FR 2 916 971 A1 [Patent Document 3] US 2011 / 0286948 A1 [Patent Document 4] WO 2007 / 091801 A1 [Patent Document 5] US 2013 / 0244977 A1 [Patent Document 6] US 2009 / 0041815 A1 [Patent Document 7] WO 2013 / 094077 A1 [Patent Document 8] WO 2012 / 131623 A2 [Non-patent literature]

[0016] [Non-Patent Document 1] Almeida et al., “Bacterial cellulose membranes as drug delivery systems” An in vivo skin compatibility study, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. (2014) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] It is an object of the present invention to provide an article and a medical, cosmetic or aesthetic method that overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks.

[0018] It is a further object of the present invention to provide an article and a medicinal, cosmetic, or aesthetic method that, when applied to a subject's skin, provides a smoothing, cooling, caring, and soothing effect to the area of ​​the skin. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an article and a medicinal, cosmetic, or aesthetic method that allows the subject to move smoothly while the article remains on the area of ​​the skin, wherein the article provides a moisturizing effect without a wet feeling, the article is lightweight, has a very soft and smooth surface feel, and the article has a soothing effect on skin suffering from sunburn and / or any form of dermatitis. In particular, the article should be biodegradable and capable of being manufactured in a very economical manner.

[0019] A particular object of the present invention is to provide articles and pharmaceutical, cosmetic or aesthetic methods useful in the medical treatment or cosmetic or aesthetic treatment, respectively, of skin diseases and skin conditions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0020] These and other problems are solved by the subject matter of the attached independent claims.

[0021] The above object of the present invention is achieved by an article containing biotechnologically produced nanostructured cellulose (BNC) for treating an area of ​​skin according to claim 1, a method for treating an area of ​​skin of a subject according to claim 8, a method for producing the BNC-containing article according to claim 14, and a BNC-containing article provided by the method according to claim 15. Preferred embodiments follow from the dependent claims.

[0022] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a BNC-containing article for treating an area of ​​skin according to the present invention, the article comprising BNC in an amount of at least 1% and at most 15% by weight, fluid in an amount of at least 85% and at most 99% by weight, and having an average thickness of at least 0.5 mm and at most 8 mm, wherein the BNC contained in the article is of microbial origin.

[0023] In one embodiment, the present invention preferably provides a BNC-containing article for treating an area of ​​skin according to the present invention, the article consisting of BNC in an amount of at least 1% and at most 15% by weight, fluid in an amount of at least 85% and at most 99% by weight, and having an average thickness of at least 0.5 mm and at most 8 mm.

[0024] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of treating an area of ​​skin of a subject, the method comprising at least the following steps: a. applying a BNC-containing article according to the present invention to the area of ​​skin; b. leaving the article on the skin for a predetermined period of time; c. Removing the article from the skin Includes:

[0025] The articles of the invention are particularly suitable for use in the treatment methods of the invention, and various features, aspects, and advantages described in connection with the articles may also be features, aspects, and advantages of the methods, and vice versa.

[0026] The present invention particularly contemplates the application of the article in the treatment of various skin conditions, disorders, or diseases. In particular, the skin conditions, disorders, or diseases may be selected from the group including dermatitis, particularly facial dermatitis, more particularly perioral, orbital, periorbital, or periorbital dermatitis; dry skin; atopic dermatitis; sunburn; psoriasis; acne; rosacea, and / or skin subjected to photodynamic therapy. Thus, the articles and methods of the present invention are particularly useful for treating dermatitis, particularly facial dermatitis, more particularly perioral, orbital, periorbital, or periorbital dermatitis; dry skin; atopic dermatitis; sunburn; psoriasis; acne; rosacea, and / or skin subjected to photodynamic therapy. Treatment of dermatitis, particularly facial dermatitis, more particularly perioral, orbital, periorbital, or periorbital dermatitis, is contemplated herein.

[0027] In the sense of the present invention, the term "skin" includes the actual skin (including the epidermis and dermis) as the outer surface covering the body, and additionally includes mucous membranes, in particular the nasal and / or oral mucous membranes. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the article of the present invention is applied after plastic surgery. In such an embodiment, the article can support the healing of the skin, in particular the mucosal skin. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the article is applied in the form of a wrap, in particular in the form of a tamponade, in particular in the form of a nasal tamponade.

[0028] The treatment according to the invention may be a non-medical treatment, in particular a cosmetic or aesthetic treatment; or a medical treatment.

[0029] Depending on the intended purpose, the article may or may not contain at least one active agent, particularly a pharmaceutical active agent and / or a natural active agent and / or a cosmetic active agent and / or an aesthetic active agent. In some embodiments, the article may contain such an active agent and may be used to apply and contact the active agent to the skin area to be treated. Preferably, the active agent is effective in treating a skin condition or disorder or disease and / or is useful for other dermatological applications.

[0030] Advantageously, such an active agent can be introduced into the article during the treatment method of the present invention and / or the manufacturing method of the present invention: such a method includes a step of pre-treating the article with an active agent, preferably before applying the BNC-containing article to the skin. In particular, the article can be immersed in a composition and / or fluid containing an active agent, for example, a fluid solution containing an active agent, in an amount and for a time sufficient for the active agent to enter the article, and in particular, for the active agent to be released from the article during application to the skin in an effective amount, particularly a pharmaceutically and / or naturally and / or cosmetically and / or aesthetically effective amount, to the skin. The solution containing the active agent is preferably a fluid-soluble solution. The uptake of the active agent from such a solution into the article can be achieved by diffusing the solution containing the active agent into the article. However, additionally or alternatively, the article may be provided in a non-saturated form, i.e., in a form having a fluid content less than the maximum water absorption capacity of the article. For this purpose, the article is preferably provided having at least 1.5 wt. % BNC, preferably at least 2 wt. %, more preferably at least 3 wt. %, even more preferably at least 4 wt. %, even more preferably at least 4.5 wt. %, even more preferably at least 5 wt. %, and most preferably at least 10 wt. An article having a water content less than the maximum water absorption capacity of the article advantageously increases the efficiency of incorporation of active agents into the article and reduces the time required for pre-treatment of the article with such active agents.

[0031] The pharmaceutically active agent contained in the article can generally be any pharmaceutically active agent suitable for treating the respective skin condition, skin disorder, or disease, or for dermatitis. In particular, the pharmaceutically active agent can be advantageously selected from the group including azelaic acid, anti-mite agents, local anesthetics such as lidocaine, corticoids, antifungal agents such as benzylamine or its derivatives, such as betenafine hydrochloride, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, preferably tetracycline or minocycline, and especially erythromycin or metronidazole, and wound care products, including wound care emulsions such as cicalfate postacte, cold creams, or antiseptic ointments. Steroids of class 1 or 2 can be advantageously used. Pharmaceutically active agents such as erythromycin, azelaic acid, or metronidazole are particularly useful for treating skin disorders or diseases and skin conditions, especially facial dermatitis, such as perioral dermatitis and orbital dermatitis, and can further enable rapid improvement. Corticoids are preferably avoided. However, other pharmaceutically active agents may also be included in the article. For example, antibiotics, particularly tetracycline and minocycline, can provide therapy for inflammatory skin disorders or diseases or conditions, particularly facial dermatitis. Such pharmaceutically active agents usually must be applied repeatedly over several days or weeks.

[0032] The present invention allows for a relatively easy and comfortable application of active agents, particularly pharmaceutical active agents, contained in the article. Accordingly, other active agents are also contemplated in the present invention, including, of course, cosmetic and / or aesthetic active agents, particularly active agents of plant-based or herbal origin, such as plant extracts and / or derivatives thereof. A particularly preferred active agent is caffeine. The active agent may comprise at least one tanning agent or tannin. The tannin or tanning agent according to the present invention is selected from the group comprising tea herbs, preferably selected from the group comprising catechin, pyrogallol-type tannins, and algal tannins. In particular, the tannin or tanning agent according to the present invention may be selected from the group comprising tannin-containing plants or plant parts, such as raspberry and / or blackberry leaves, oak, chestnut, acacia, Alchemilla, witch hazel leaves, grapes, black tea, and green tea. For example, the article may comprise black tea and / or green tea and / or black tea tanning agents, respectively. For this purpose, the article may be steeped in black tea and / or green tea before application. Tanning agents, particularly black tea and / or green tea tanning agents, can advantageously improve skin conditions, disorders, or diseases. To provide a sufficient amount of tanning agent, the tea is shaken for at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 30 minutes, and more preferably at least 60 minutes. Thereafter, the tea is cooled, and the tea-soaked article is cooled, as heat can have a detrimental effect on inflammation.

[0033] In some embodiments where the treatment is a medical treatment, the method can include applying photodynamic therapy to an area of ​​skin. In particular, application of a BNC-containing article to an area of ​​skin can be performed before and / or after photodynamic therapy. Preferably, the BNC-containing article is applied to the area of ​​skin at least after photodynamic therapy. This advantageously reduces undesirable side effects of photodynamic therapy and, more particularly, provides a moisturizing and cooling effect to the treated area of ​​skin. Preferably, the photodynamic therapy according to the present invention is a photodynamic therapy other than laser spallation. Such photodynamic therapy can be particularly useful in the treatment of skin conditions, diseases, and disorders, particularly psoriasis, acne, actinic keratosis, or rosacea. The present invention therefore provides advantageous use of the articles of the present invention in the treatment of skin conditions, diseases, and disorders associated with dermatological products or treatments.

[0034] In some embodiments where the treatment is a non-medical treatment, the method may include an aesthetic or cosmetic treatment, such as wrinkle reduction. In particular, the method may include an aesthetic or cosmetic treatment step, preferably selected from the group including subcutaneous injection of hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite (filler) or botulinum toxin (Botox), needling (e.g., microneedling), peeling (e.g., fruit acid peel), abrasion, or laser spallation, to an area of ​​skin. In particular, application of the BNC-containing article to an area of ​​skin may be performed before and / or after application of the aesthetic or cosmetic treatment. Preferably, the BNC-containing article is applied to an area of ​​skin at least after application of the aesthetic or cosmetic treatment. This advantageously reduces undesirable side effects of the aesthetic or cosmetic treatment, such as swelling, and more particularly provides a moisturizing and cooling effect to the treated area of ​​skin.

[0035] The article can be advantageously designed so that its shape fits the desired area of ​​the skin. In a preferred embodiment, the article is applied to a surface or part of the face as the skin area, such as the eyelids or the edges of the eyes. The article can be provided in the form of a sheet, particularly a pad, preferably in the form of a mask, compress, bandage, dressing, or patch or pad depending on the desired area of ​​the skin. This allows for relatively easy application and provides an advantageous fit to the skin. It is preferably provided in the form of a face mask, mouth mask, forehead mask, eye mask, or Eye Pad®.

[0036] As used herein, a "face mask" is preferably sized to essentially cover the entire skin of a subject's face. As used herein, a "mouth mask" is preferably sized to essentially cover the entire skin of the lower part of a subject's face, particularly the entire skin of the lower part of the face including the mouth, cheeks, chin, and optionally part of the throat. As used herein, a "forehead mask" is preferably sized to essentially cover the entire skin of the forehead of a subject's face, but preferably not the eyes. As used herein, an "eye mask" is preferably sized to essentially cover both eyes of a subject and, optionally, at least the upper part of the nose. As used herein, an "eye pad" is preferably sized to essentially cover one eye of a subject. As used herein, an "eye pad" preferably refers to one specific size, i.e., a size adapted to essentially cover one eye of a subject. However, an article in the form of an eye pad is not limited to the specific use described above. More particularly, the inventors have discovered that articles having the dimensions and configuration of the eye pads described herein may also be advantageously used in the corner areas of the mouth without further modification. As such, it should be understood that the term "eye pad" may also confer advantageous application of the article in the corner areas of the mouth.

[0037] The articles according to the invention are particularly advantageous because they can be designed or provided to be self-adhesive. In particular, they adhere to the skin without any fastening means. In particular, the articles according to the invention can be designed to be relatively light and / or relatively small.

[0038] When referring to "weight" or "weight per unit area" in this application, the "weight" or "weight per unit area" is preferably determined based on the mass of the article or the mass per unit area of ​​the article, respectively. The "weight" or "weight per unit area" is preferably determined in the wet state of the article, which is achieved by hot pressing the article until the cellulose content reaches 3-4% and then measuring the mass of the article.

[0039] The articles of the present invention preferably have a viscosity of at least 0.01 g / cm 2 , preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 The articles of the present invention may have a weight per unit area of ​​up to 1.00 g / cm. 2 , preferably up to 0.30 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.25 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably up to 0.20 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at most 0.175 g / cm 2 , and most preferably up to 0.170 g / cm 2 In particular, the articles of the present invention preferably have a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 1.00 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 0.30g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 0.175g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.01 g / cm 2 up to 0.170g / cm 2, and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 1.00 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.30g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.175g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.170g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 1.00 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.30g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.175g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.170g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 1.00 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.30g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2, and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.175g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.170g / cm 2 Such a density supports the self-adhesion of the article. If the density is too high, gravity overcomes the self-adhesion force. However, if the density is too low, the drapeability of the article may be poor. Drapability in the sense of the present invention is the ability of the article to deform and be placed in a desired position without undesired wrinkles or creases. The reason that drapeability is poor when the article is low density is that if the self-adhesion is too strong, it may be very difficult or even impossible to place the article in the proper position without undesired wrinkles or tearing the article.

[0040] The width of the article of the invention in the form of a face mask is preferably at least 175 mm, preferably at least 180 mm, and more preferably at least 185 mm. The width is preferably at most 280 mm, more preferably at most 270 mm, even more preferably at most 250 mm, and most preferably at most 240 mm. The width is preferably at least 175 mm to at most 280 mm, more preferably at least 175 mm to at most 270 mm, even more preferably at least 175 mm to at most 250 mm, even more preferably at least 175 mm to at most 240 mm, even more preferably at least 180 mm to at most 280 mm, even more preferably at least 180 mm to at most 270 mm, even more preferably at least 180 mm to at most 250 mm, even more preferably at least 180 mm to at most 240 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 280 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 270 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 250 mm, and even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 240 mm.

[0041] An article of the invention in the form of a face mask preferably has a height of at least 170 mm, preferably at least 175 mm. The height is preferably at most 200 mm, preferably at most 180 mm, and even more preferably at most 175 mm. The height is preferably at least 170 mm to a maximum of 200 mm, even more preferably at least 170 mm to a maximum of 180 mm, even more preferably at least 170 mm to a maximum of 175 mm, even more preferably at least 175 mm to a maximum of 200 mm, even more preferably at least 175 mm to a maximum of 180 mm, and even more preferably at least 175 mm to a maximum of 175 mm.

[0042] The width to height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of a face mask is preferably at least 1.000, preferably at least 1.050, more preferably at least 1.057. The width to height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of a face mask is preferably at most 1.500, more preferably at most 1.450, even more preferably at most 1.425, and most preferably at most 1.412. The width-to-height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of a face mask is preferably at least 1,000 and up to 1,500, more preferably at least 1,000 and up to 1,450, even more preferably at least 1,000 and up to 1,425, even more preferably at least 1,000 and up to 1,412, even more preferably at least 1,050 and up to 1,500, even more preferably at least 1,050 and up to 1,450, even more preferably at least 1,050 and up to 1,425, even more preferably at least 1,050 and up to 1,412, even more preferably at least 1,057 and up to 1,500, even more preferably at least 1,057 and up to 1,450, even more preferably at least 1,057 and up to 1,425, and most preferably at least 1,057 and up to 1,412. Such ratios are advantageous for adapting the article to the face and improving the self-adhesion of the article. If the ratio is too high, the article will only fit the face slightly. However, if the ratio is too low, the self-adhesion of the article to the face will be impaired. In summary, the above appropriate width-to-height ratio is advantageous for the handling, adhesion, and fit of the article.

[0043] An article of the invention in the form of a face mask preferably has a total weight of at most 120g, preferably at most 80g, even more preferably at most 70g, even more preferably at most 68.5g, even more preferably at most 50g, even more preferably at most 40g, even more preferably at most 30g, and even more preferably at most 28g.

[0044] The article of the invention in the form of a face mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.03 g / cm 2 , preferably at least 0.04 g / cm2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of a face mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at most 0.25 g / cm 2 , preferably up to 0.20 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.17 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of a face mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.17g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.17g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.20g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.17g / cm 2 be.

[0045] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the article of the invention in the form of a face mask has an average thickness of about 2 mm, a width of about 185 mm, a height of about 175 mm, a weight of about 53 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.14 g / cm. 2 up to 0.17g / cm 2In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the article of the invention in the form of a face mask has an average thickness of about 0.8 to 1.0 mm, a width of about 185 mm, a height of about 175 mm, a weight of about 27 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.05 g / cm. 2 up to 0.11g / cm 2 In another preferred embodiment, the article of the present invention in the form of a face mask has an average thickness of about 1.5 to 2.5 mm, a width of about 250 mm, a height of about 200 mm, an average weight of about 106 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.19 g / cm. 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 The weights shown are for articles having a fluid content of 95% by weight.

[0046] The width of the article of the present invention in the form of a mouth mask is at least 100 mm, preferably at least 110 mm, more preferably at least 120 mm, and most preferably at least 125 mm. The width is preferably at most 135 mm, preferably at most 130 mm, and even more preferably at most 125 mm. The width is preferably at least 100 mm to at most 135 mm, more preferably at least 100 mm to at most 130 mm, even more preferably at least 100 mm to at most 125 mm, even more preferably at least 110 mm to at most 135 mm, even more preferably at least 110 mm to at most 130 mm, and even more preferably at least 120 mm to at most 130 mm. The height of the article of the present invention in the form of a mouth mask is at least 75 mm, preferably at least 80 mm, and even more preferably at least 85 mm. The height is preferably at most 95 mm, more preferably at most 90 mm, and even more preferably at most 85 mm. The width-to-height ratio of an article of the invention in the form of a mouth mask is preferably at least 1.25, more preferably at least 1.30, even more preferably at least 1.35, even more preferably at least 1.40, even more preferably at least 1.45, and most preferably at least 1.47. The width-to-height ratio of an article of the invention in the form of a mouth mask is preferably at most 1.60, more preferably at most 1.55, even more preferably at most 1.50, and most preferably at most 1.47.The width to height ratio of an article of the invention in the form of a mouth mask is preferably at least 1.25 to at most 1.60, more preferably at least 1.25 to at most 1.55, even more preferably at least 1.25 to at most 1.50, even more preferably at least 1.25 to at most 1.47, even more preferably at least 1.30 to at most 1.60, even more preferably at least 1.30 to at most 1.55, even more preferably at least 1.30 to at most 1.50, even more preferably at least 1.30 to at most 1.47, even more preferably at least 1.35 to at most 1.60, even more preferably at least 1.35 to at most 1.55, even more preferably at least 1.35 to at most 1.50, and even more preferably or at least 1.35 to at most 1.47, even more preferably at least 1.40 to at most 1.60, even more preferably at least 1.40 to at most 1.55, even more preferably at least 1.40 to at most 1.50, even more preferably at least 1.40 to at most 1.47, even more preferably at least 1.45 to at most 1.60, even more preferably at least 1.45 to at most 1.55, even more preferably at least 1.45 to at most 1.50, even more preferably at least 1.45 to at most 1.47, even more preferably at least 1.47 to at most 1.60, even more preferably at least 1.47 to at most 1.55, and most preferably at least 1.47 to at most 1.50. Articles of the invention in the form of mouth masks preferably have a total weight of at most 25g, preferably at most 20.5g, even more preferably at most 15g, even more preferably at most 10g, even more preferably at most 8g, and even more preferably at most 7.8g. Articles of the invention in the form of mouth masks preferably have a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.03 g / cm. 2 , preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.06 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of a mouth mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at most 0.5 g / cm 2 , preferably up to 0.4 g / cm 2, more preferably up to 0.3 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.25 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of a mouth mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.5g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.5g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.5g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.06 g / cm 2 up to 0.5g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.4g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.4g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.4g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.06 g / cm 2 up to 0.4g / cm 2 , and more preferably 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.3g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.3g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.3g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.06 g / cm 2 up to 0.3g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.03 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.04 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.05 g / cm 2 up to 0.25g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.06 g / cm 2up to 0.25g / cm 2 In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of a mouth mask has an average thickness of about 2 mm, a width of about 125 mm, a height of about 85 mm, a weight of about 20 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.175 g / cm. 2 up to 0.215g / cm 2 It has.

[0047] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of a mouth mask has an average thickness of about 1.0 mm, a width of about 125 mm, a height of about 85 mm, a weight of about 7.65 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.06 g / cm. 2 up to 0.085g / cm 2 The width of the article of the invention in the form of a forehead mask is preferably at least 175 mm, preferably at least 180 mm, more preferably at least 185 mm, and most preferably at least 190 mm. The width is preferably at most 200 mm, preferably at most 195 mm, and even more preferably at most 190 mm. The width is preferably at least 175 mm to at most 200 mm, more preferably at least 175 mm to at most 195 mm, even more preferably at least 175 mm to at most 190 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 200 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 195 mm, and even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 190 mm. The height of the article of the invention in the form of a forehead mask is at least 50 mm, preferably at least 55 mm, and even more preferably at least 60 mm. The height is at most 70 mm, preferably at most 65 mm, and even more preferably at most 60 mm. The width-to-height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of a forehead mask is preferably at least 3.1 and at most 3.2. An article of the invention in the form of a forehead mask preferably has a total weight of at most 25g, preferably at most 22.5g, more preferably at most 21g, even more preferably at most 15g, even more preferably at most 12.5g, and even more preferably at most 11g.

[0048] The article of the present invention in the form of a forehead mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.050 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of a forehead mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​up to 0.300 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.250 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably up to 0.200 g / cm 2 , and particularly preferably up to 0.190 g / cm 2 The article of the present invention in the form of a forehead mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.200g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.200g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2, and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.200g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.200g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 is.

[0049] In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of a forehead mask has an average thickness of about 2 mm, a width of about 190 mm, a height of about 60 mm, a weight of about 20.0 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.170 g / cm. 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 It has.

[0050] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of a forehead mask has an average thickness of about 1.0 mm, a width of about 190 mm, a height of about 60 mm, a weight of about 10.75 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.080 g / cm. 2 up to 0.190g / cm 2 It has.

[0051] The width of the article of the present invention in the form of an eye mask is preferably at least 185 mm, preferably at least 188 mm, more preferably at least 190 mm, and most preferably at least 191 mm. The width is preferably at most 195 mm, preferably at most 192.5 mm, and even more preferably at most 191 mm. The width is preferably at least 185 mm to at most 195 mm, more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 192.5 mm, even more preferably at least 185 mm to at most 191 mm, even more preferably at least 190 mm to at most 195 mm, at least 190 mm to at most 192.5 mm, and even more preferably at least 191 mm to at most 192.5 mm. The height of the article of the present invention in the form of an eye mask is preferably at least 55 mm, preferably at least 57.5 mm, and even more preferably at least 60 mm. The height is preferably at most 65 mm, preferably at most 62.5 mm, and even more preferably at most 60 mm. The width to height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of an eye mask is preferably at least 3.15 and at most 3.25. The article of the invention in the form of an eye mask preferably has a total weight of at most 25 g, preferably at most 22.5 g, even more preferably at most 21 g, even more preferably at most 15 g, even more preferably at most 12.5 g, and even more preferably at most 11 g.

[0052] The article of the present invention in the form of an eye mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.050 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of an eye mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at most 0.400 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.350 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably up to 0.300 g / cm 2 , and most preferably up to 0.250 g / cm 2The article of the invention in the form of an eye mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.400g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.350 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.050 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.400g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.350 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.060 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.400g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.350 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.070 g / cm 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.400g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.350 g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2 up to 0.300g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.080 g / cm 2up to 0.250g / cm 2 is.

[0053] In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of an eye mask has an average thickness of about 2 mm, a width of about 191 mm, a height of about 60 mm, a weight of about 23.20 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.175 g / cm. 2 up to 0.250g / cm 2 In further particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of an eye mask has an average thickness of about 1.0 mm, a width of about 190 mm, a height of about 60 mm, a weight of about 11.0 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.080 g / cm. 2 up to 0.110g / cm 2 The width of the article of the invention in the form of an eye pad is preferably at least 67.5 mm, preferably at least 70 mm, more preferably at least 72.5 mm, and most preferably at least 75 mm. The width is preferably at most 80 mm, preferably at most 77.5 mm, and even more preferably at most 75 mm. The width is preferably at least 67.5 mm to at most 80 mm, more preferably at least 67.5 mm to at most 77.5 mm, even more preferably at least 67.5 mm to at most 75 mm, even more preferably at least 72.5 mm to at most 77.5 mm, and even more preferably at least 72.5 mm to at most 75 mm. The height of the article of the invention in the form of an eye pad is at least 30 mm, preferably at least 32.5 mm, and even more preferably at least 35 mm. The height is preferably at most 40 mm, more preferably at most 37.5 mm, and even more preferably at most 35 mm. The width-to-height ratio of the article of the invention in the form of an eye pad is preferably at least 2.1 and at most 2.2. An article of the invention in the form of an eye pad preferably has a total weight of at most 3.5g, preferably at most 3.0g, more preferably at most 2.8g, more preferably at most 2.75g.

[0054] The article of the invention in the form of an eye pad preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.055 g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.065 g / cm2 , and most preferably at least 0.075 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of an eye pad preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at most 0.120 g / cm 2 , more preferably up to 0.135 g / cm 2 , and most preferably up to 0.140 g / cm 2 The article of the invention in the form of an eye mask preferably has a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.055 g / cm 2 up to 0.120g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.055 g / cm 2 up to 0.135g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.055 g / cm 2 up to 0.140g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.065 g / cm 2 up to 0.120g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.065 g / cm 2 up to 0.135g / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.065 g / cm 2 up to 0.140g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.075 g / cm 2 up to 0.120g / cm 2 , and even more preferably at least 0.075 g / cm 2 up to 0.135g / cm 2 , and most preferably at least 0.075 g / cm 2 up to 0.140g / cm 2 is.

[0055] In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the article of the present invention in the form of an eye pad has an average thickness of about 1.0 to 2.0 mm, a width of about 75 mm, and a height of about 35 mm, a weight of about 2.75 g, and a weight per unit area of ​​at least 0.140 g / cm. 2 up to 0.120g / cm 2 It has.

[0056] As used herein, the terms "height" and "width" of an article preferably refer to the greatest respective extent of the article in its intended position. For example, the terms "height" and "width" are defined as the greatest respective extent of the article, such as when the article is placed on a subject's face. As used herein, the term "width" of an article preferably refers to the greatest lateral extent of the article, e.g., ear to ear, while the term "height" preferably refers to the greatest cranial-caudal extent of the article in its intended position of use.

[0057] In particular, step a of the treatment method of the present invention involves adhering the article to the skin by adhesion, preferably without any fastening means. This allows the subject applying the article to move smoothly while the article remains on the area of ​​skin, even for a relatively long period of time. It is to the merit of the inventors that the advantageous adhesion of the article according to the present invention depends not on one parameter alone but on various parameters. In particular, such parameters are the advantageous surface properties of the article according to the present invention, the relatively light weight of the article according to the present invention, and the advantageously high tensile strength, which allows for better adaptation to the skin and facial structure.

[0058] The inventors have discovered that the articles and treatment methods of the present invention advantageously provide a soothing, cooling, and soothing effect to an area of ​​skin upon application of the article to the skin. In particular, application of the article to the skin can reduce skin pain, skin irritation, or skin spanning while the article remains on the area of ​​skin, and can provide a moisturizing effect without a wet feeling. This makes the articles and methods useful for treating skin diseases, conditions, and disorders, particularly all types of dermatitis, and more particularly facial dermatitis, such as perioral, orbital, periorbital, or perinasal dermatitis, as well as for treating psoriasis, acne, or rosacea. Advantageously, the articles and methods of the present invention can reduce skin itching, thereby reducing the subject's desire to scratch the area of ​​skin. Furthermore, the articles and methods of the present invention advantageously increase physical comfort and self-adhesion, which allows the subject to move comfortably and freely while applying the article to the area of ​​skin. Furthermore, the articles and methods advantageously reduce swelling and skin redness and erythema.

[0059] The articles and methods of the present invention may generally be applied to any subject in need, particularly subjects suffering from a skin disease, disorder or condition, however preferably the subject is a mammal, particularly a human, preferably a female human.

[0060] According to the treatment method of the present invention, the article is left on the skin for a predetermined period of time. To achieve the desired beneficial effect, the period is preferably not too short. The predetermined period is preferably at least 10 minutes, at least 15 minutes, at least 20 minutes, at least 30 minutes, at least 1 hour, at least 2 hours, or at least 3 hours. However, to prevent discomfort or adverse effects from overuse, the period is preferably not too long. The predetermined period of time is preferably at most 12 hours, preferably at most 10 hours, more preferably at most 8 hours, even more preferably at most 5 hours, or even more preferably at most 4 hours. In this regard, those skilled in the art will readily understand that articles with a higher fluid content will generally be able to provide moisture for a longer period of time. Therefore, a higher water absorbency (WAC) is preferred, and a high water absorbency generally allows for a longer period of effective application.

[0061] Particularly beneficial effects can be achieved by repeatedly applying the above-mentioned product or performing the above-mentioned method over a treatment interval. Continuous repeated application is advantageous for achieving and improving beneficial effects on the skin. Therefore, in one treatment interval, steps a to c of the treatment method and, optionally, the step of pre-treating the product, are preferably performed at least once within 24 hours. In one embodiment, the treatment interval is at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 3 days, or at least 4 days. It is particularly preferred that the subject refrain from using cosmetics and skin care products other than the product of the present invention during the treatment interval. This can advantageously initiate and support the natural healing process. However, the treatment interval should not be too long. Preferably, the treatment interval is up to 1 year, up to 6 months, up to 3 months, up to 1 month, up to 2 weeks, or up to 1 week.

[0062] In a particularly preferred application of the present invention in which photodynamic therapy is administered to a subject, steps a through c of the method of the present invention and, optionally, the pre-treatment step with the article are preferably first administered to the skin area at most one hour after the photodynamic therapy application step, wherein the predetermined time is at least 30 minutes and at most 60 minutes. Additionally and subsequently, steps a through c and, optionally, the pre-treatment step with the article are administered at least once within a 24-hour period during the treatment interval, which may be at least five days and at most seven days, wherein the predetermined time is at least three hours and at most four hours. It is known in the art that patients who undergo photodynamic therapy typically experience no pain during the application of photodynamic therapy. However, the burning effects of the therapy usually occur the same day after photodynamic therapy. First administering the article of the present invention to the subject at most one hour after the photodynamic therapy step can advantageously reduce the burning effects of photodynamic therapy in advance.

[0063] Such an application scheme is particularly useful and effective because the product of the present invention takes effect immediately when first applied within one hour after the phototherapy treatment. This initial application, plus subsequent further applications of the product, can be advantageously carried out by the subject themselves, particularly without the assistance or supervision of a medical professional.

[0064] The articles of the present invention are particularly advantageous because they are relatively lightweight and have a very soft and smooth surface feel. In particular, the articles provide relief to skin suffering from skin diseases, disorders, and conditions, particularly sunburn and all types of dermatitis. Furthermore, the articles are advantageously biodegradable and can be manufactured in a very economical manner.

[0065] In yet another aspect, the above object is also achieved by a method for producing a BNC-containing article according to the present invention.

[0066] In this regard, the manufacturing method of the articles of the present invention has been shown to have a strong influence on various parameters of the articles, which in particular also affect the efficacy of the treatment and provide advantageous properties, in particular the manufacturing method affects the BNC fibers and their average diameter, the total of the constituent fluid and BNC, the mass ratio of BNCIα to BNCIβ, the volumetric mass density, the molecular mass, the amount of carbonyl groups, the polydispersity index (Mw / Mn), the crystallinity Ic, the water absorption capacity, the water holding capacity, and / or the tensile strength of the BNC and the BNC-containing article, respectively.

[0067] The manufacturing method includes at least the following steps: a) providing a BNC in a continuous semi-static process; b) providing an article of the invention; and c) optionally sterilizing the article.

[0068] In particular, step a) of providing the BNC in a continuous semi-static process can include providing the BNC as a BNC fleece. The terms "fleece" and "non-woven" are used interchangeably in this definition. In particular, step b) of providing the article of the present invention can include cutting the article, particularly cutting it with a fluid jet, into a form, such as an eye pad, a forehead mask, an eye mask, or a face mask. The fluid jet preferably has a pressure of at least 1000 bar and up to 4000 bar. The fluid jet preferably has a diameter of 100 μm to 300 μm, more preferably 125 μm to 200 μm, and most preferably about 150 μm. Such cutting using a fluid jet is advantageous compared to cutting methods commonly used in the industry, such as thermal cutting using a laser or mechanical cutting. Such conventional methods typically damage the structure of the BNC material. However, the cutting method of the present invention provides a high-quality cut edge without destroying the surrounding BNC.

[0069] The manufacturing method of the present invention optionally includes step c) sterilization of the article. The sterilization step preferably involves the application of beta radiation, e.g., e-beam. This is advantageous because it eliminates or reduces the formation of many radical groups that are normally generated when using gamma radiation as applied in the industry. This is especially true because the application of beta radiation may allow for shorter processing times.

[0070] The method for producing an article according to the present invention includes a continuous, semi-static process for providing biotechnologically produced nanostructured cellulose (BNC). It is particularly preferred that the BNC is not produced in a static or discontinuous process. As used herein, a "continuous, semi-static" process refers to a process in which BNC is produced from a bacterial culture in a medium, where the medium is not actively stirred, shaken, or moved during BNC synthesis, but the BNC is continuously produced by the bacterial culture. The lack of active stirring, shaking, or movement of the medium during BNC synthesis does not preclude harvesting or removal of BNC from the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel during BNC synthesis, nor the addition of medium and / or medium components during BNC biosynthesis. In particular, in a "continuous, semi-static" process as used herein, it is preferred that BNC is harvested or removed from the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel more than once during BNC synthesis, particularly in a regular, stepwise and / or continuous manner. In particular, in the "continuous semi-static" process used herein, the medium and / or medium components are preferably added more than once during the BNC synthesis, preferably in a regular, stepwise and / or continuous manner. In this regard, the "continuous semi-static" process used herein is preferably not a batch production method.

[0071] In one embodiment of the "continuous semi-static" process, 1 m of bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel is harvested per day. 2 Up to, preferably 2.5m 2 up to, more preferably, 5 m 2 Up to 100 BNCs are harvested or removed, in particular regularly, stepwise and / or continuously.

[0072] The advantageous properties and characteristics of the article of the invention, and in particular the BNC content of the article, such as advantageous adhesion or a relatively low weight, can be adjusted by selecting appropriate culture conditions. The BNC content of the article according to the invention is produced in the form of a BNC fleece.

[0073] In particular, providing the BNCs of step a) in a continuous semi-static process may comprise at least one of the following steps: - a') providing a reaction vessel containing a culture medium; -a") inoculating said medium with a BNC-producing bacterial strain; and / or -a''') BNC is bacterially synthesized in the reaction vessel.

[0074] The production of BNCs is achieved by culturing the cells at 10 4 ~10 7 Preferably, the medium in step a) is inoculated with the BNC-producing bacterial strain at a concentration of about 10 6 A stock culture having cells / ml is provided and the medium is inoculated with the stock culture to obtain approximately 5 x 10 3 This involves obtaining a cell concentration of cells / ml. The quality of the BNC content of the resulting article can also be affected by the volume ratio of the medium used for inoculation to the bacterial strain source culture. Preferably, the volume ratio is at least 2:1, more preferably at least 5:1, more preferably at least 10:1, and even more preferably 15:1. Preferably, the volume ratio is at most 50:1, more preferably at most 30:1, and even more preferably at most 20:1.

[0075] Preferably, at least step a''') of the bacterial synthesis of BNC comprises adding medium, or preferably optionally components of the medium, to the reaction vessel more than once, preferably in a regular stepwise and / or continuous manner during BNC synthesis. In particular, at least step a''') of the bacterial synthesis of BNC in the reaction vessel preferably comprises inoculating a bacterial culture in a medium, wherein the medium is not actively stirred, shaken, or moved during BNC synthesis. Not actively stirring, shaking, or moving the medium during BNC synthesis does not preclude harvesting or removing BNC from the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel during BNC synthesis, nor adding medium and / or medium components during BNC biosynthesis. Additionally or alternatively, at least step a''') of the bacterial synthesis of BNC in the reaction vessel comprises continuously producing BNC. Additionally or alternatively, at least step a''') of bacterial synthesis of BNCs in the reaction vessel preferably comprises harvesting or removing BNCs from the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel more than once, preferably regularly, stepwise and / or continuously, during BNC synthesis. Additionally or alternatively, at least step a''') of bacterial synthesis of BNCs in the reaction vessel comprises adding medium and / or medium components to the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel more than once, preferably regularly, stepwise and / or continuously, during BNC synthesis.

[0076] The nature of the BNC content of the resulting article can also be influenced by the composition of the culture medium. Preferably, the culture medium comprises a carbon source, a nitrogen source, and a vitamin source, and optionally a buffer system. Preferably, the carbon source is selected from one or more sugars and their derivatives. Preferably, the nitrogen source is peptone. Preferably, the vitamin source is yeast extract. Preferably, the buffer system is disodium hydrogen phosphate and citric acid.

[0077] Preferably, the medium is liquid.

[0078] Preferably, the medium contains a carbon source in an amount of at least 10 g / L, more preferably at least 15 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Preferably, the medium contains a carbon source in an amount of up to 30 g / L, more preferably up to 25 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Particularly preferably, the medium contains a carbon source in an amount of about 20 g / L.

[0079] Preferably, the medium contains a nitrogen source in an amount of at least 2 g / L, more preferably at least 4 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Preferably, the medium contains a nitrogen source in an amount of up to 10 g / L, more preferably up to 7 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Particularly preferably, the medium contains a nitrogen source in an amount of about 5 g / L.

[0080] Preferably, the medium contains a vitamin source in an amount of at least 2 g / L, more preferably at least 4 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Preferably, the medium contains a vitamin source in an amount of up to 10 g / L, more preferably up to 7 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Particularly preferably, the medium contains a vitamin source in an amount of about 5 g / L.

[0081] Preferably, the medium contains a buffer system in an amount of at least 2 g / L, more preferably at least 4 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Preferably, the medium contains a buffer system in an amount of up to 10 g / L, more preferably up to 5 g / L, based on the volume of the medium. Particularly preferably, the medium contains a buffer system in an amount of about 4.5 g / L.

[0082] In particular, the medium contains 20 g / l glucose, 5 g / l peptone, 5 g / l yeast extract, 3.4 g / l disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.15 g / l citric acid.

[0083] In particular, the medium does not contain ginseng extract.

[0084] The quality of the BNC content of the resulting article can also be affected by the incubation temperature. Preferably, the incubation temperature is at least 20°C, more preferably at least 25°C, and even more preferably at least 28°C. If the incubation temperature is too low, the bacterial strain will not grow properly. Preferably, the incubation temperature is at most 36°C, more preferably at most 33°C, and even more preferably at most 30°C. If the incubation temperature is too high, the bacterial strain will not grow properly.

[0085] The nature of the BNC content of the resulting article can also be affected by the incubation time. Preferably, the incubation time is at least 1 day, more preferably at least 3 days, more preferably at least 7 days, and even more preferably at least 10 days. If the incubation time is too short, not enough cellulose will be produced. Preferably, the incubation time is up to 1 year, more preferably up to 6 months, more preferably up to 30 days, more preferably up to 25 days, and even more preferably up to 20 days. In particular, the semi-static continuous process described herein advantageously allows for long incubation times, during which it is further preferred to harvest or remove the BNC from the bacterial culture and / or reaction vessel more than once, particularly regularly, stepwise and / or continuously, during BNC synthesis.

[0086] The nature of the BNC content of the resulting article can also be affected by the culture volume. Preferably, the culture volume is at least 20 ml, more preferably at least 500 ml, more preferably at least 2000 ml, more preferably at least 4000 ml, and more preferably at least 10,000 ml. Preferably, the culture volume is up to 200 L, more preferably up to 180 L, more preferably up to 100 L, and more preferably up to 50 L. In particular, the semi-static continuous process described herein can advantageously allow for high culture volumes.

[0087] The bacterial capacity may depend specifically on the desired synthesis area, and vice versa. The nature of the BNC content of the resulting article may also be influenced by the culture vessel and / or synthesis area. Preferably, the culture vessel is at least 1 cm 2 , more preferably at least 10 cm 2, more preferably at least 100 cm 2 , more preferably at least 10 m 2 Preferably, the culture vessel has a combined surface area of ​​up to 50,000 cm 2 , more preferably up to 20,000 cm 2 , more preferably up to 1,000 cm 2 , more preferably up to 50 m 2 , and more preferably up to 100 m 2 In particular, the semi-static continuous process described herein can advantageously allow for a high synthesis area.

[0088] The cellulose of the articles of the present invention is biotechnologically produced nanostructured cellulose, also referred to herein as "BNC." Generally, any cellulose-producing bacterial strain may be used in the present invention. However, the BNC of the articles of the present invention is preferably a BNC of a Komatagaibacter xylinum strain, also known as Acetobacter xylinum.

[0089] Preferably, the K. xylinum strain is selected from the group comprising ATCC11142 and DSM14666.

[0090] The BNC fleece produced by the method of the present invention can be advantageously used directly as an article of the present invention or as the BNC content of an article of the present invention.

[0091] In particular, the cellulose-containing article comprises cellulose in an amount of up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 5% by weight.

[0092] The total amount of fluid and cellulose in the article is preferably at least 80% by weight, particularly at least 90% by weight, particularly at least 95% by weight. In one embodiment, the total amount of fluid and cellulose in the article is preferably essentially 100% by weight. In other words, the article essentially consists of a BNC fleece of fluid and cellulose. It is particularly advantageous that the article can be used as is for direct application to the skin, particularly without the need for additional support or fixing means.

[0093] The term "fluid" as used herein preferably refers to water and / or water-based fluids comprising water, especially deionized water, in an amount of 80%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, even more preferably at least 99%, even more preferably at least 99.9%, and even more preferably 100%.

[0094] A relatively small average thickness of the article allows for convenient use by the subject. However, an article with a too small average thickness is more easily torn. The article preferably has an average thickness of at least 0.5 mm, more preferably at least 0.8 mm, even more preferably at least 1.0 mm, even more preferably at least 1.5 mm, and even more preferably at least 2.0 mm. On the other hand, an article with a too large average thickness may cause an unpleasant sensation and may not adhere to the skin without the need for additional adhesive or fastening means. The average thickness of the article is preferably at most 8.0 mm, more preferably at most 6.0 mm, and even more preferably at most 5.0 mm. The average thickness of the article can be measured by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, including, for example, caliper measurement. The BNC property allows for a thin article with good tensile strength.

[0095] Preferably, the article is a nonwoven of cellulose fibers, which advantageously allows for relatively easy and cost-effective manufacturing. In particular, the cellulose fibers have an average diameter of 30 to 250 nm, preferably determined from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.

[0096] The bulk mass density of the article, in particular the cellulose content of the article, is at least 0.50 g / cm 3 , preferably at least 0.55 g / cm 3 The bulk mass density of the article, in particular the cellulose content of the article, is at most 1.50 g / cm 3 , preferably up to 1.25 g / cm 3 is.

[0097] The bulk mass density of the article, in particular the cellulose content of the article, is preferably at least 0.50 g / cm 3 up to 1.50g / cm 3 , more preferably at least 0.55 g / cm 3 up to 1.50g / cm 3 , more preferably at least 0.50 g / cm 3 up to 1.25g / cm 3 , and most preferably 0.55 g / cm 3 up to 1.25g / cm 3 is.

[0098] The amount of bacteria and nutrient composition in the medium can be conveniently adjusted to obtain the density required for optimal adhesion of the article to the skin.

[0099] The weight average molecular weight Mw of the article, particularly the cellulose of the article, is preferably at most 1,500,000 g / mol, more preferably at most 1,200,000 g / mol, even more preferably at most 1,000,000 g / mol, even more preferably at most 900,000 g / mol, at most 850,000 g / mol, at most 800,000 g / mol, and most preferably at most 780,000 g / mol. If the weight average molecular weight Mw is too high, the stability of the material may be impaired. The weight average molecular weight Mw of the article, particularly the cellulose of the article, is preferably at least 100,000 g / mol, preferably at least 250,000 g / mol, at least 300,000 g / mol, at least 400,000 g / mol, and most preferably at least 500,000 g / mol. If the weight average molecular weight Mw is too low, the desired polydispersity index cannot be achieved, as described below.

[0100] The number average molecular weight Mn of the article, in particular the cellulose of the article, is preferably at most 500,000 g / mol, preferably at most 400,000 g / mol, at most 450,000 g / mol, at most 400,000 g / mol, and most preferably at most 360,000 g / mol. If the number average molecular weight Mn is too high, the desired polydispersity index cannot be achieved, as described below. The number average molecular weight Mn of the article, in particular the cellulose of the article, is preferably at least 100,000 g / mol, preferably at least 150,000 g / mol, at least 200,000 g / mol, at least 250,000 g / mol, and most preferably at least 300,000 g / mol. If the number average molecular weight Mn is too low, the stability of the material may be impaired.

[0101] The degree of polymerization is the average number of monomer units in the BNC polymer of a particular BNC network. It can be expressed as the ratio of the number-average molecular weight of the respective BNC polymer to the molecular weight of the monomer units.

[0102] The polydispersity index (PDI) is a measure of the heterogeneity of the molecular mass distribution of the BNC polymers in each BNC network. It is calculated as the ratio of the weight-average molecular weight to the number-average molecular weight of each BNC polymer. A high PDI value indicates a broad molecular weight distribution of the BNC polymers in the BNC network. The cellulose chain lengths of the article are preferably relatively uniform, as indicated by a relatively low polydispersity index (Mw / Mn).

[0103] The article preferably has a low PDI (Mw / Mn). A relatively low PDI is known to indicate a more stable material and porous structure. A PDI of approximately 1 would indicate near-optimal uniformity. According to at least some embodiments, the article preferably has a polydispersity index (Mw / Mn) of less than 3.5, preferably less than 3.0, more preferably less than 2.75, and even more preferably less than 2.5, even more preferably less than 2.0, even more preferably less than 1.75, and most preferably less than 1.5.

[0104] According to at least some embodiments, the article is preferably characterized by a DPn of at least 1,000, more preferably at least 1,500, and even more preferably at least 1,700. Preferably, the article is characterized by a DPn of at most 5,000, more preferably at most 3,000, more preferably at most 2,500, and even more preferably at most 2,200.

[0105] The articles of the present invention preferably contain glycerin in an amount of up to 30% by weight, more preferably up to 15% by weight, even more preferably up to 10% by weight, and most preferably up to 5% by weight. In one particular embodiment, the articles of the present invention are glycerin-free. Glycerin can disadvantageously result in undesirable material properties, particularly an increased weight of the article.

[0106] The cellulose content of the article preferably comprises carbonyl groups in an amount of less than 8.5 μmol / g, preferably less than 8.0 μmol / g, more preferably less than 7.5 μmol / g, even more preferably less than 7.0 μmol / g, even more preferably less than 6.0 μmol / g, and even more preferably less than 5.75 μmol / g. The cellulose content of the article preferably comprises carbonyl groups in an amount of at least 1.0 μmol / g, preferably at least 1.5 μmol / g, more preferably at least 2.0 μmol / g, even more preferably at least 2.5 μmol / g, and most preferably at least 2.75 μmol / g.

[0107] For cellulose, and particularly for cellulose-containing articles, the crystallinity Ic is an important parameter. The degree of crystallinity is preferably determined by NMR spectroscopy. A low crystallinity Ic may be accompanied by a decrease in permeability, particularly to gases and liquids. For purposes of the present invention, particularly for the articles of the present invention and their use in the treatment methods of the present invention, a relatively high crystallinity Ic is desirable to provide relatively high gas and liquid permeability. The crystallinity Ic of the cellulose of the article is at least 55%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 80%. Preferably, the total crystallinity Ic of the cellulose of the article is at most 95%, more preferably at most 90%, even more preferably at most 85%.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will recognize that BNC exists in several crystalline polymorphs. Furthermore, BNC simultaneously crystallizes in a single-chain triclinic structure Iα and a double-chain variant Iβ. Both polymorphs are packed in a parallel chain configuration, but are packed in various proportions in a cellulose-containing article depending on the source and manufacturing method. Preferably, the cellulose of the article of the present invention contains cellulose Iα in an amount of at least 10% by weight of the article, preferably at least 20% by weight, and more preferably at least 30% by weight. Preferably, the cellulose of the article of the present invention contains cellulose Iα in an amount of up to 90% by weight of the article, preferably at most 70% by weight, and more preferably at most 50% by weight. Additionally or alternatively, the cellulose of the article of the present invention contains cellulose Iβ in an amount of at least 1% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, and more preferably at least 10% by weight. Preferably, the cellulose of the article of the present invention comprises cellulose Iβ in an amount of up to 90% by weight of the article, preferably up to 80% by weight, preferably up to 70% by weight, more preferably up to 60% by weight, more preferably up to 50% by weight, and even more preferably up to 45% by weight. Preferably, the amounts of cellulose Iα and Iβ are determined by CP / MAS 13C NMR. The above ranges are preferred to achieve the desired properties of the article.

[0109] In particular, the article of the present invention may comprise cellulose Iα and cellulose Iβ in a mass ratio of at most 2.75, preferably at most 2.5, and more preferably at most 2.4. In particular, the article of the present invention may comprise cellulose Iα and cellulose Iβ in a mass ratio of at least 1.5, preferably at least 2.0, and more preferably at least 2.25. Such mass ratios are preferred to achieve the desired properties of the article.

[0110] For purposes of the present invention, the article provides fluid, particularly water, and optionally at least one active agent, to the treated area of ​​skin. A preferred water absorbent capacity (WAC) and / or preferred water retention capacity of the article can increase the desired treatment effect. In particular, the article of the present invention can have a water absorbent capacity of at least 80%, more preferably at least 120%, and even more preferably at least 150%. As described herein, water absorbent capacity is calculated by the following formula: WAC = mass (wet) / mass (dry) * 100%

[0111] Preferably, the article has a water absorption capacity (WAC) of up to 300%, more preferably up to 250%, and even more preferably up to 200%. Optionally and preferably, the article has a water absorption capacity (WAC) of 150% to 200%. The water retention capacity (WRC) of the article of the present invention may be at least 500%, preferably at least 600%, more preferably at least 700%, and most preferably at least 750%. The water retention capacity (WRC) of the article of the present invention may be at most 1,500%, preferably at most 1,250%, more preferably at most 1,000%, and most preferably at most 950%. As used herein, water retention capacity (WRC) is the ratio of the wet mass at maximum WAC to the dry mass measured after centrifuging the article at 5,000 rpm for 15 minutes.

[0112] Preferably, the article has a wet weight of at least 100 g / (m 2* 24h), more preferably 200g / (m 2* 24h), more preferably 500g / (m 2* 24h). Preferably, the multiphase biomaterial has a wet vapor transmission rate of at most 3,000 g / (m 2* 24h), more preferably up to 2,000g / (m 2* 24h), more preferably up to 1,000g / (m 2* 24h). Particularly preferably, the multiphase biomaterial has a wet vapor transmission rate of 500 g / (m 2* 24h) to 1,000g / (m 2* 24h). Preferably, the wet vapor transmission rate is determined according to DIN EN 13726-2:2002.

[0113] The tensile strength of the article is important to provide an article that advantageously conforms to the shape and size of the skin area to be treated, particularly the face. In particular, a tensile strength that is too low will not allow the article to stretch and therefore not conform to skin irregularities, particularly facial irregularities. The tensile strength of the articles of the present invention is greater than 100 MPa, preferably greater than 252 MPa, preferably greater than 275 MPa, more preferably greater than 300 MPa, and most preferably greater than 310 MPa. The tensile strength of the articles of the present invention is less than 1,000 MPa, preferably less than 750 MPa, more preferably less than 500 MPa, and most preferably less than 400 MPa. In this application, tensile strength is preferably measured after the article has been hot-pressed using a TIRAtest 2710 universal measuring instrument with a nominal force of 1.5 kN. Preferably, tensile strength is measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-1:2012-06 and / or DIN EN ISO 527-2:2012-06.

[0114] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, from which further features, aspects and advantages will be apparent. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0115] [Figure 1] Figures 1A-1G show cutting patterns for cellulose-containing articles of the present invention. In particular, Figures 1A and 1B show cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention adapted for application to the face (face mask). Figure 1C shows cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention adapted for application on or around the mouth (mouth mask). Figure 1D shows cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention adapted for application on the forehead (forehead mask). Figure 1E shows cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention in the form of a 10 cm x 10 cm overlay. Figure 1F shows cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention adapted for application to the eyes (eye mask). Figure 1G shows cutting patterns for a cellulose-containing article of the present invention adapted for application to one eye (eye pad). [Figure 2]CP / MAS 13C-spectrum of cellulose from strain ATCC1142 (upper panel), strain DSM 14666 (middle panel), and a comparative example (lower panel) produced using a continuous semi-static cellulose production method are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0116] 1A and 1B may have an average thickness of about 2 mm, or an average thickness of about 0.8 to 1 mm. The face mask may have a width of 185 mm and a height of 175 mm. Alternatively, the face mask may have a width of 240 mm and a height of 175 mm.

[0117] The mouth mask shown in Figure 1C may have an average thickness of about 1 mm. Alternatively, the mouth mask may have an average thickness of about 2 mm. The mouth mask may have a width of 125 mm and a height of 85 mm.

[0118] The forehead mask shown in Figure ID may have an average thickness of about 1 mm. Alternatively, the forehead mask may have an average thickness of about 2 mm. The forehead mask may have a width of 190 mm and a height of 60 mm.

[0119] The overlay shown in Figure 1E may specifically have an average thickness of about 2 mm. Alternatively, the overlay may have an average thickness of about 0.8 to 1 mm. The overlay may have a width of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm.

[0120] The eye mask shown in Figure 1F may specifically have an average thickness of about 2 mm. Alternatively, the eye mask may have an average thickness of about 1 mm. The eye mask may have a width of 191 mm and a height of 60 mm.

[0121] The eye pads shown in Figure 1G may have an average thickness of about 1.0 to 2.0 mm, and each may have a width of 75 mm and a height of 35 mm. [Example]

[0122] Example 1 A cellulose-containing article according to the present invention produced using a semi-static continuous process was compared with a cellulose-containing article produced using a static and discontinuous culture (comparative example) in terms of its material properties.

[0123] molecular structure The molecular structure of the inventive article was determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). For this purpose, cellulose of the strain ATCC 11142 was used. Comparative examples were produced using a static cellulose production process. The inventive article was produced using a continuous semi-static cellulose production process.

[0124] GPC measurements were performed according to Roeder et al. (ROEDER T, MORGENSTERN B, SCHELOSKY N, GATTER O: Solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide / LiCl by light scattering methods. Polymer (2001), 42 / 16, 6765-73) using a 0.9% (m / v) LiCl / DMAc solution with the dissolved lyophilized BC sample. A series of four GPC columns (PL Gel ALS, 20 μm, 7.5 × 300 mm) was used with three detectors (fluorescence, MALLS, and refractive index). 0.9% (m / v) LiCl / DMAc was used as the eluent. Filtration was performed using a 0.02 μm filter. The flow rate was 1 ml / min, the injection volume was 100 μl, and the run time was 45 min. Carbonyl groups were labeled with a fluorescent marker and measured by fluorescence analysis. For evaluation, the program CS53_76-79 by Roeder et al. (ROEHRLING J, POTTHAST A, ROSENAU T, LANGE T, EBNER G, SIXTA H, KOSMA PA: Novel method for the determination of carbonyl groups in cellulosics by fluorescence labeling. 1. Method development. Biomacromolecules (2002), 3, 959-68) was used.

[0125] The results are shown in Table 1. In particular, the molecular characteristics of the articles from the batches of articles of the present invention (Sample 1 and Sample 2) and one comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0126] [Table 1]

[0127] This allowed the amount of carbonyl end groups to be determined based on DPn.

[0128] The inventors surprisingly found that the cellulose chain lengths of Samples 1 and 2, produced using a continuous semi-static process, were more uniform than those of the comparative example, produced by static cultivation. This is particularly reflected in the relatively low PDI values ​​of Samples 1 and 2. However, the comparative example contains a mixture of long and short cellulose chains. This also explains the difference between the theoretical and experimentally determined values ​​for the amount of carbonyl groups.

[0129] Near structure The proximate structure of the article of the present invention was determined using NMR. For this purpose, cellulose from the strain ATCC 11142 and cellulose from the strain DSM 14666 were used. The comparative examples were produced as wet fleeces using a static cellulose production process. The articles of the invention were produced as wet fleeces using a continuous semi-static cellulose production process.

[0130] Solid-state 13C-NMR spectroscopy was performed to determine the cellulose Iα and Iβ and the crystallinity of the undried BC samples. 13C-CP-MAS with TPPM decoupling (4 mm High-Kopf) was performed using a Bruker 400 MHz-Advance II at a static magnetic field of 9.4 T. The spinning frequency of the samples was 5 kHz, and the relaxation time (time between scans) was 2 s.

[0131] Figure 2 shows the CP / MAS C-spectra of cellulose from strain ATCC11142 (top panel) and strain DSM14666 (middle panel) produced using a continuous semi-static cellulose production process compared to a comparative example (bottom panel). It is immediately apparent in the CP / MAS C-spectra that the samples from the continuous semi-static cellulose production process differ from those from the static cellulose production process. Table 2 below shows the cellulose Iα and Iβ contents, as well as the crystallinity Ic, based on CP / MAS C-NMR.

[0132] The results of the NMR experiments confirm the results achieved by the GPC analysis above.

[0133] [Table 2]

[0134] supra molecular structure The upper molecular structure was determined using REM at a magnification of 2,000 after first labeling with carbon and then with gold sputtering. A Leica S440i electron microscope with a tungsten cathode and a maximum voltage of 30 kV was used, with a scintillation SE detector and a four-quadrant field semiconductor RE detector. BNC fleeces of cellulose from strains ATCC11142 and DSM14666 were freeze-dried and subsequently subjected to REM. Regardless of the strain used, the upper molecular structure of the samples according to the invention (continuous semi-static cellulose production process) was found to be indistinguishable from that of the comparative samples (static cellulose production process).

[0135] surface structure The surface structure of cellulose-containing articles is important, especially when used as wound dressings or cosmetics. The surface structure was analyzed using laser scanning microscopy (LSM). For this purpose, BNC fleeces of strains ATCC11142 and DSM14666 were produced by static and semi-static continuous processes, respectively.

[0136] The samples were hot pressed at 120°C for 10 minutes (d≦50 μm) or 20 minutes (d≧50 μm) using a Yellow Press 4050 / Schulze heat transfer press.

[0137] LSM images of the upper and lower surfaces of wet fleeces of bacterial strain ATCC11142 produced by the semi-static continuous process and the static process revealed that the surface structure of the fleece produced by the semi-static continuous process was indistinguishable from that of the fleece produced by the static process.

[0138] Water absorption capacity, water retention capacity, and tensile strength BNC naturally forms hydrogels, resulting in its liquid affinity with water or other organic solutions, making the water absorption and retention capacity of BNC articles important characteristics.

[0139] After purification of the BNC samples and subsequent washing steps using a.dest until the wash water was neutral (determined using unitest paper), the average weight of the samples that were not yet dried was measured.

[0140] WRC was measured using the standard conditions described by Jayme & Rothamel (JAYME G, ROTHAMEL L: Composition of the extractives obtained from black poplar wood and of those found in the resulting sulfite and sulfate pulps. Cellulose-Chemie (1944), 22, 88-96). The sample to be measured was cut into 0.5 cm 2The undried BNC samples were centrifuged at 4000 U / min (rpm) for 15 minutes and the wet weight was measured. 4000 rpm corresponds to approximately 1788 g. After air drying to constant weight in a drying chamber at 100°C, the WRC was determined using the following formula: WRC=(wet mass - dry mass) / wet mass x 100%

[0141] Requelling of the dried samples was carried out in azeotrope at 30°C for 2 hours.

[0142] Table 3 shows the water absorption capacity (WAC) and water retention capacity (WRC) of wet BNC fleeces of bacterial strains produced by the semi-static continuous process and the static process, respectively.

[0143] [Table 3]

[0144] Additionally, tensile strength was measured. Tensile strength is a good measure of BNC uniformity. The BNC fleeces were hot-pressed. It was found that the BNC fleece produced by the semi-static continuous process had a higher tensile strength compared to the BNC fleece produced by the static process. The BNC fleece produced by the static process exhibited a tensile strength of 252 MPa, while the BNC fleece produced by the semi-static continuous process exhibited a flexural tensile strength of 312 MPa.

[0145] The features of the invention disclosed in the specification, claims, examples and / or drawings may, both individually and in any combination, be material for realizing the invention in various forms thereof.

Claims

1. 1. A method for producing an article comprising nonwoven biotechnologically produced nanostructured cellulose (BNC), the method comprising the steps of: a) synthesizing nonwoven BNCs harvested in a semi-static continuous process from bacterial cultures in a medium contained in a culture vessel; b) providing the nonwoven BNC obtained in step a) above into an article, such that the article comprises the nonwoven BNC of step a) in an amount of at least 1 wt % and at most 15 wt % and a fluid in an amount of at least 85 wt % and at most 99 wt %; Including, where: The bacterial culture in the above medium is glycerin-free; the nonwoven BNC of step a) above has a polydispersity index of less than 3.0; During the incubation, the bacterial cell count was 10 ４ ~10 ７ cells / ml of medium, The total area of ​​the culture vessel is at least 10 m ２ This is the manufacturing method.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid comprises water.

3. The synthesis of the nonwoven BNC comprises the following steps: - providing a culture vessel containing a culture medium; - adding the medium and / or medium components during bacterial cultivation; - inoculating the medium with a BNC-synthesizing bacterial strain; and - BNC is bacterially synthesized in the culture vessel. The method of claim 1 or 2, comprising:

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the medium contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source and / or a vitamin source.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the culture medium comprises a buffer system.

6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the medium contains a carbon source in an amount of at least 10 g / l.

7. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the medium contains a nitrogen source in an amount of at least 2 g / l.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the medium contains a vitamin source in an amount of at least 2 g / l.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the culture temperature is a minimum of 20°C and a maximum of 36°C.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the culture time is at least one day.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the culture volume is at least 10,000 ml.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the BNC is up to 1,000,000 g / mol.

13. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein providing the article comprises adapting the shape of the article to an area of ​​skin including the face, a facial part, the mouth, the forehead or the eyes.

14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said providing an article comprises cutting said nonwoven BNC into a desired shape.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the cutting is performed with a fluid jet.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid jet has a diameter of 100 μm to 300 μm.

17. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising sterilising said article.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the sterilization is e-beam sterilization.

19. The method of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the article has an average thickness of at least 0.5 mm and at most 8 mm.

20. 20. The method of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the semi-static continuous process is carried out by harvesting or removing BNC from the bacterial culture and / or culture vessel more than once, regularly, stepwise and / or continuously during BNC synthesis, and / or by adding culture medium and / or culture medium components more than once, regularly, stepwise and / or continuously during BNC synthesis.

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