Machine tool with trunnion table

Abstract

To provide a machine tool having a trunnion table that can improve accessibility to a workpiece from an operator door on the side. [Solution] The machine tool (10) is equipped with a trunnion table (40) having a cradle (42) with a workpiece mounting table (54), an arm (46) that swingably supports the cradle (42) and a trunnion base (44) having an arm (46) and a base (48) integrally formed with the lower part of the arm (46), the base (48) having a narrow width part (50) whose left-right width is narrower than the left-right spacing at the upper part of the arm (46), a step (24) attached to the bed (26) so as to be close to the narrow width part (50), and an operator door (20) formed on the side of the splash guard (18), the lower part of which is formed by bending the lower part to follow the slope from the upper side of the arm (46) toward the narrow width part (50), and the lower end of which is positioned between the end of the step (24) on the trunnion base (44) side and the trunnion base (44).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool having a trunnion table. [Background technology]

[0002] Some machining centers are designed to further improve machining efficiency by adding two axes of rotation by equipping them with a trunnion table, as shown in Patent Document 1, in addition to the three linear axes of the machine tool.

[0003] On the other hand, because the part of the trunnion table that supports the rotation axis for swinging the cradle protrudes to the side (left and right), it can sometimes be difficult for the operator to access the workpiece or machine tool that is placed inside the trunnion table. Furthermore, when accessibility is poor, the approach from the operator door that the operator uses to enter and exit the machining chamber to the workpiece becomes long, and when the operator steps on the steps inside the machining chamber to get to the workpiece or tool, chips and coolant can get on their shoes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2023 / 162116 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool having a trunnion table that can improve access to a workpiece from an operator door located on the side. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a machine tool having a trunnion table that processes a workpiece by relative movement between a workpiece attached to a workpiece mounting base of a trunnion table that moves on a bed along a first linear feed axis in the front-to-rear direction and a tool held by a spindle unit that moves on a column supported by the bed along a second linear feed axis in the left-to-right direction and a third linear feed axis in the up-to-down direction. The machine tool includes a cradle that is provided with a workpiece mounting base and swings along a first rotary feed axis that rotates about a central axis in the left-to-right direction, a trunnion base that includes arms disposed on both the left and right sides of the cradle and supporting the cradle so that it can swing along the first rotary feed axis, and a base that is formed integrally with the lower parts of both arms and configured to move along the first linear feed axis, and the width of the base in the left-to-right direction is formed narrower than the left-to-right spacing between the upper parts of both arms. The machine is characterized by comprising: a trunnion table including a trunnion base having a narrow width portion; a splash guard formed to surround the machining chamber including the tip of the spindle device and the trunnion table and preventing chips and coolant from splashing outside; a step extending horizontally at the height of the narrow width portion so as to approach the narrow width portion and overlapping the bed to be used as a step by an operator; and an operator door formed on the side of the splash guard on the side where the step is attached and moving back and forth to open and close an opening through which the operator enters and exits, the lower part of the operator door being bent inward in the left-right direction along the slope from the upper part of the arm side toward the narrow width portion, and the lower end of the operator door being positioned so as to be sandwiched between the end of the step on the trunnion base side and the base portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the trunnion table includes a trunnion base having arms disposed on both left and right sides of the cradle, supporting the cradle so that it can swing along a first rotary feed axis, and a base formed integrally with the lower portions of both arms and configured to move along a first linear feed axis. The base has narrow width portions whose left-right width is narrower than the left-right distance between the upper portions of both arms. A step of the machine tool used by an operator as a footstool extends horizontally at the height of the narrow width portions, approaching the narrow width portions and attached to the bed so as to overlap them in a plan view. An operator door, which moves back and forth to open and close an opening formed in the side of the splash guard on the side where the step is attached, has its lower portion bent inward in the left-right direction along a slope from the upper portion of the arm toward the narrow width portions, and its lower end is positioned so as to be sandwiched between the end of the step on the trunnion base side and the base. Therefore, the step can be positioned close to the narrow portion of the trunnion base and recessed under the arm, allowing the step to be close to the workpiece attached to the workpiece mounting table and the tool held by the spindle unit. This allows an operator who wants to approach the workpiece or tool to check the machining status or tool condition to stand on the step and perform work from a position close to the workpiece or tool. Furthermore, by bending the lower part of the operator door inward in the left-right direction and positioning its lower end between the end of the step on the trunnion base side and the base portion, the step can be exposed outside the splash guard and the operator door when the opening is closed by the operator door. This prevents chips and coolant from scattering onto the step when machining the workpiece, and prevents or suppresses chips and coolant from adhering to the operator's shoes when the operator steps on the step. This allows a machine tool with a trunnion table according to the present invention to improve access to the workpiece from the operator door located on the side. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a machine tool according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the machine tool taken along line II-II in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows a side view of the machine tool according to this embodiment as seen from the operator door side. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the machine tool taken along line IV-IV in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, a machine tool having a trunnion table according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar or corresponding elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicated explanations will be omitted. For ease of understanding, the scale of the drawings may be changed.

[0010] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the exterior of a machine tool 10 having a trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the interior of the machine tool 10, seen from the boundary between the workpiece setup section 12 and the machining chamber 36. Therefore, the splash guard 18, operator door 20, rear cover 16, and staircase 22 are omitted from FIG. 2. The machine tool 10 includes a workpiece setup section 12 in which a pallet exchanger (all of which are not shown) is located, which exchanges the workpiece mounting base 54 of the trunnion table 40, on which a workpiece (not shown) is mounted, with a setup stocker, and a machining center 14 for machining. Between the workpiece setup section 12 and the machining center 14, a machining chamber 36 is formed, which has a space for machining the workpiece using a tool (not shown) attached (held) to a spindle device 34 of the machining center 14. The workpiece setup section 12 and the machining chamber 36 are separated by a swivel cover 13 (see Figure 3) that is arranged to be rotatable (pivotable) around a pivot axis that is parallel to the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). The exterior of the machine tool 10 is made up of a rear cover 16 that covers the machining center 14 and a splash guard 18 that covers the machining chamber 36 to prevent chips generated during machining from scattering, etc.

[0011] A staircase 22 is arranged to the side of the splash guard 18, and is used by an operator to ascend or descend to access the processing chamber 36. A step 24 is arranged on the processing chamber 36 side (inner side in the left-right direction) of the staircase 22, where an operator accessing the processing chamber 36 steps on. The upper surface of the step 24 is attached to the bed 26 so as to overlap in a plan view. The upper surface of the step 24 is formed in a flat plate shape extending horizontally and is configured to be continuous with and flush with the upper surface of the top step of the staircase 22. An opening 72 (see FIG. 3 ) for the operator to enter and exit is formed on the side of the splash guard 18, and an operator door 20 is arranged thereon, which is movable (slidable) in the front-to-rear direction (Z-axis direction) to open and close the opening 72. The step 24 may be attached to the staircase 22 so as to overlap with the bed 26.

[0012] The machine tool 10 includes a bed 26 that is placed on the floor of a factory or the like where the machine tool 10 is installed. A column 28 is disposed upright on the upper surface of a bed rear section 26b on the rear side of the bed 26 in the Z axis direction. A spindle unit 34 is disposed on the front side of the column 28, and the spindle unit 34 is configured to move linearly relative to the column 28 along a second linear feed axis in the left-right direction (X axis direction) and a third linear feed axis in the up-down direction (Y axis direction). Therefore, an X-axis feed unit for moving the spindle unit 34 along the X axis direction and a Y-axis feed unit for moving the spindle unit 34 along the Y axis direction (neither of which is shown) are disposed on the column 28. In addition, extendable left-right telescopic covers 30 and upper-down telescopic covers 32 are disposed at the boundary between the bed front section 26a and the bed rear section 26b on the front side of the bed 26 to cover the front side of the column 28 in order to prevent chips generated during machining from scattering toward the bed rear section 26b. Although an example is shown here in which the column 28 moves linearly in the X-axis direction on the rear bed portion 26b, the column 28 may be fixed to the rear bed portion 26b, and a saddle may be provided on the column that moves linearly in the X-axis direction, and an axial configuration may be provided in which a spindle device that moves linearly in the Y-axis direction on the saddle is provided.

[0013] Rails 60 (see FIG. 4) extending along the front-to-rear direction (Z-axis direction) are arranged on both left-right (X-axis) sides of the upper surface of the bed front portion 26a, and the trunnion table 40 is arranged above the rails 60. Trunnion base legs 52 are formed on both left and right sides of the lower end of the trunnion table 40, and the trunnion base legs 52 are arranged on the rails 60 via carriages 58 serving as guide devices. The carriages 58 are configured to linearly move the trunnion table 40 along a first linear feed axis in the front-to-rear direction (Z-axis direction). This allows the workpiece to be machined by moving a workpiece attached to the trunnion table 40, which moves along the first linear feed axis, relative to a tool held by a spindle device, which moves along the second and third linear feed axes.

[0014] Fig. 3 shows a side view of the machining center 14 and the trunnion table 40. Fig. 4 shows a front view (rear view) of the trunnion table 40 as seen from the machining center 14 side in the machining chamber 36. The trunnion table 40 is made up of a trunnion base 44 on which trunnion base legs 52 are formed, and a trunnion base 44 which is disposed inside the trunnion base 44 and has a central axis O in the left-right direction (X-axis direction). A The cradle 42 is configured to be swingable along a first rotary feed axis A that rotates around the cradle 42. A workpiece mounting table 54 is disposed in the center of the cradle 42 and has a workpiece mounting surface 56 on the upper surface for mounting a workpiece. The workpiece mounting table 54 is configured to be rotatable relative to the cradle 42 and has a central axis O perpendicular to the workpiece mounting surface 56 on which the workpiece is mounted. B In Figure 4, the center axis O in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) B The workpiece mount 54 can be rotated along a second rotary feed axis B that rotates around the first rotary feed axis A. Note that, here, the workpiece mount 54 is described as being configured to be swingable along the first rotary feed axis A and rotatable along the second rotary feed axis B, but this is not limiting, and the workpiece mount may be configured to only swing along the first rotary feed axis A.

[0015] The trunnion base 44 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the cradle 42 and includes arm portions 46 that swingably support the cradle 42 along the first rotary feed axis A, and base portions 48 that are integrally formed with the lower portions of both arm portions 46. The upper portions of the arm portions 46 extend vertically, and the lower portions are formed so as to linearly slope inward in the left-right direction from the upper portions toward the lower side where the base portions 48 are formed. Therefore, the base portions 48, which are integrally formed with the lower portions of both arm portions 46 that slope inward toward the lower side, have a left-right width that is narrower than the left-right distance between the upper portions of both arm portions 46, thereby forming narrow width portions 50 where the left-right width of the trunnion base 44 is smallest. The trunnion base legs 52 are formed below the base portions 48 on both the left and right sides of the trunnion base 44, and the left-right positions of both trunnion base legs 52 are set to match the left-right distance between the rails 60. For this reason, the distance between the two trunnion base legs 52 in the left-right direction is wider than the width of the base portion 48 in the left-right direction.

[0016] The distance between the left and right arms 46 is predetermined based on the maximum size of the workpiece to be attached to the workpiece mounting table 54. In this embodiment, the right arm 46 in FIG. 4 is larger than the left arm 46 because it has an A-axis drive unit built in, whereas the left arm 46 is smaller because it only functions as a bearing. Since the operator door 20 is only located on the left arm 46 side, the narrow width portion 50 (base portion 48) does not need to be symmetrical. The narrow width portion on the right side of FIG. 4, where the operator door 20 is not located, may be narrower than the operator door 20 side, and the narrow width portion on the right side of FIG. 4, where the operator door 20 is not located, may be formed with the same width dimension as the trunnion base leg 52. In the case of a large trunnion table in which an A-axis drive unit is also built in on the left arm 46, the entire machine tool becomes larger, and an operator door may also be provided on the right side of FIG. 4. In this case, a step may also be provided on the right side, and the narrow width portion may be symmetrical.

[0017] A splash guard 18 is disposed outside the trunnion table 40, formed to cover the machining chamber 36 in which the trunnion table 40 is disposed, and attached to the bed 26 via a mounting bracket 18b. An operator door 20 is attached to an opening 72 formed on the side of the splash guard 18 on the side where the stairs 22 and steps 24 used by the operator are disposed, for opening and closing the opening. The operator door 20 is suspended from rails disposed at the top of the splash guard 18 via wheels (both not shown), and is configured to be slidable in the front-to-rear direction (Z-axis direction) along the side of the splash guard 18. A window 20b is attached to the center of the operator door 20, allowing the operator to view the inside of the machining chamber 36 even when the opening 72 is closed by the operator door 20.

[0018] The lower part of the operator door 20 forms a bent portion 20a, which is bent inward in the left-right direction to follow the inward slope from the upper side of the arm portion 46 toward the narrow width portion 50. The lower guard portion 18a on the lower side of the splash guard 18 is also bent inward in the left-right direction to follow the bent portion 20a. Furthermore, the lower end of the bent portion 20a is positioned inside the left-right direction of the step 24, that is, between the end of the trunnion base 44 and the narrow width portion 50 of the base portion 48. This prevents chips and coolant from leaking out from the lower part of the operator door 20 toward the step 24. If the operator door 20 is unstable when supported only by the upper part of the splash guard 18, a guide member that fits loosely onto a slender rail-like protrusion provided on the step 24 in the Z-axis direction may be attached to the lower side of the bent portion 20a of the operator door 20 to prevent rattling in the left-right direction.

[0019] On the upper surface of the trunnion base leg 52, a gutter 62 made of sheet metal or resin with good surface roughness, which is formed in a shallow U-shape when viewed from the front and opens upward, is arranged along the front-to-rear direction so as to cover the entire upper surface of the trunnion base leg 52. This prevents or suppresses chips and coolant from adhering to the upper surface of the trunnion base leg 52. In addition, a cleaning coolant nozzle 66 configured to discharge cleaning liquid toward the gutter 62 is arranged on the inside and lower end side of the bent portion 20a. This allows cleaning liquid to be discharged forward and backward from the cleaning coolant nozzle 66, which is located in close proximity to the chips and coolant that have fallen inside the gutter 62 and adhered thereto, thereby cleaning the gutter 62.

[0020] Flat movable covers 68 are attached to the front and rear ends of the trunnion base legs 52 so as to slope downward as they extend inward in the left-right direction. The movable covers 68 are positioned lower than the front and rear ends of the troughs 62. A groove-shaped center trough 70 is formed in the center of the bed 26 between the rails 60 to which the trunnion base legs 52 are attached. This allows chips and coolant washed away by the cleaning fluid from the cleaning coolant nozzle 66 to flow out the front and rear ends of the trough 62 and slide down the movable cover 68 into the center trough 70. This prevents or minimizes chip accumulation around the trunnion base 44 and the operator door 20, and improves the ability to discharge chips and coolant to the outside of the machine tool 10.

[0021] Furthermore, a plow 64 is disposed below the arm 46 of the trunnion base 44, parallel to and spaced apart from the inner slope of the bent portion 20a of the operator door 20. This allows chips adhering to the inner slope of the bent portion 20a to be scraped off toward the trough 62, improving the ability to discharge chips to the outside of the machine tool 10. The plow 64 also serves to reinforce the rigidity of the trunnion base 44.

[0022] The effects of the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0023] In a machine tool 10 having a trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment, the trunnion table 40 includes a trunnion base 44 having arms 46 disposed on both the left and right sides of a cradle 42 and supporting the cradle 42 so as to be swingable along a first rotary feed axis A, and a base 48 formed integrally with the lower portions of both arms 46 and configured to move along the first linear feed axis. The base 48 also has a narrow width portion 50 whose width in the left-right direction is narrower than the left-right distance between the upper portions of both arms 46. Furthermore, the step 24 of the machine tool used by an operator extends horizontally at the height of the narrow width portion 50 so as to approach the narrow width portion 50 and is attached to the bed 26 so as to overlap in a plan view. Therefore, the step 24 can be positioned close to the narrow width portion 50 of the trunnion base 44 and so as to slip under the arm portion 46, allowing the step 24 to be close to the workpiece attached to the workpiece mounting table 54 and the tool held by the spindle unit 34. As a result, an operator who wishes to get close to the workpiece or tool to check the machining status or the tool status can perform the work from a position close to the workpiece or tool by standing on the step 24, and the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 can improve access to the workpiece from the operator door 20 located on the side.

[0024] Furthermore, in machine tool 10 having trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment, operator door 20, which moves in the front-to-rear direction to open and close opening 72 formed in the side of splash guard 18 on the side where step 24 is attached, has bent portion 20a formed by bending the lower portion inward in the left-to-right direction along the slope from the upper side of arm portion 46 toward narrow width portion 50. Furthermore, the lower end of bent portion 20a is positioned so as to be sandwiched between the end of step 24 on the trunnion base 44 side and narrow width portion 50 of base portion 48. Furthermore, by forming the lower portion of operator door 20 by bending inward in the left-to-right direction and positioning the lower end so as to be sandwiched between the end of step 24 on the trunnion base 44 side and base portion 48, it is possible to expose step 24 to the outside of splash guard 18 and operator door 20 when the opening is closed by operator door 20. This prevents chips and coolant from scattering onto the step 24 when machining the workpiece, and prevents or suppresses chips and coolant from adhering to the operator's shoes when the operator steps on the step 24.

[0025] Furthermore, in a machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment, a gutter 62 made of sheet metal or resin with a good surface roughness, which is formed in a shallow U-shape in front view and opens upward, is arranged on the upper surface of the trunnion base leg 52 along the front-to-rear direction so as to cover the entire upper surface of the trunnion base leg 52. Furthermore, a cleaning coolant nozzle 66 configured to discharge cleaning liquid toward the gutter 62 is arranged on the inner and lower end sides of the bent portion 20a. Furthermore, flat movable covers 68 are attached to the front and rear ends of the trunnion base leg 52 so as to slope downward as they extend inward in the left-to-right direction. Therefore, cleaning liquid can be discharged from the cleaning coolant nozzle 66, which is located in close proximity to chips and coolant that have fallen into and adhered to the inside of the gutter 62, to clean the gutter 62. Furthermore, chips and coolant washed away by the cleaning fluid can flow out from the front and rear ends of the gutter 62, slide the movable cover 68, and drop into the center trough 70. This prevents or suppresses chips from accumulating around the trunnion base 44 and the operator door 20, and improves the ability to discharge chips and coolant to the outside of the machine tool 10.

[0026] Furthermore, in the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment, the trunnion base 44 is provided with trunnion base legs 52 that are arranged on both the left and right sides below the base portion 48 and are spaced apart in the left and right direction wider than the left and right width of the base portion 48, and the trunnion base legs 52 are attached to the rails 60 via the carriages 58. This allows for increased left and right rigidity of the trunnion base 44, which has a compactly configured base portion 48.

[0027] Furthermore, in the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 according to this embodiment, the workpiece mounting base 54 is configured to be swingable along the first rotary feed axis A integrally with the cradle 42, and further, the central axis O perpendicular to the workpiece mounting surface 56 on which the workpiece is placed is aligned with the cradle 42. BThe feed shaft B is rotatable around the feed shaft B. This allows for efficient machining of even workpieces with complex shapes.

[0028] As a result of the above, the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 of this embodiment can improve accessibility to the workpiece from the operator door 20 on the side, and can also improve the ability to discharge chips and coolant outside the machine tool 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the machine tool 10 has been described as a horizontal spindle machine, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be applied to a machine tool having a vertical spindle machine.

[0030] Although the embodiment of the machine tool 10 having the trunnion table 40 has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In addition to the above, it is believed that a person skilled in the art would understand that various modifications of the above embodiment are possible. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 10 Machine tools 20 Operator door 24 Steps 26 beds 34 Spindle device 36 Processing room 40 Trunnion Table 42 Cradle 44 Trunnion base 46 Arm 48 Base 50 Narrow width section 52 Trunnion base leg 54 Work mounting stand 62 Gutter 66 Cleaning coolant nozzle

Claims

1. A machine tool having a trunnion table, in which a workpiece is attached to a workpiece mounting base of a trunnion table that moves on a bed along a first linear feed axis in the front-to-rear direction, and a tool held by a spindle unit that moves on a column supported by the bed along a second linear feed axis in the left-to-right direction and a third linear feed axis in the up-to-down direction, is machined by relative movement between the workpiece and the spindle unit, the trunnion table comprising: a cradle that is provided with the workpiece mounting table and that swings along a first rotary feed axis that rotates about a central axis in the left-right direction; and a trunnion base that is provided with arms that are disposed on both the left and right sides of the cradle and that support the cradle so that it can swing along the first rotary feed axis, and a base that is formed integrally with the lower parts of both the arms and is configured to move along the first linear feed axis, the base having narrow width parts that are formed so that the width in the left-right direction is narrower than the left-right distance between the upper parts of both the arms; a splash guard formed to surround a machining chamber including the tip end of the spindle device and the trunnion table, and preventing chips and coolant from scattering to the outside; a step of extending the narrow width portion along a horizontal direction at a height position of the narrow width portion so as to approach the narrow width portion and overlap the bed so as to be used as a step by an operator; an operator door formed on a side surface of the splash guard on the side where the step is attached, the operator door moving in a front-to-rear direction to open and close an opening through which an operator enters and exits, the operator door having a lower portion bent inward in the left-to-right direction along a slope extending from the upper portion of the arm portion toward the narrow width portion, and a lower end portion of the operator door positioned so as to be sandwiched between the end portion of the step on the trunnion base side and the base portion; A machine tool having a trunnion table, characterized by comprising:

2. 2. A machine tool having a trunnion table according to claim 1, wherein the trunnion base comprises trunnion base legs arranged on both left and right sides of the lower side of the base portion, the left and right spacing of which is wider than the left and right width of the narrow width portion, and a guide device is arranged below the trunnion base legs to move the trunnion base along the front and rear direction.

3. 3. A machine tool having a trunnion table according to claim 2, further comprising: a gutter arranged along the front-to-rear direction of an upper surface of the trunnion base leg; a cleaning coolant nozzle arranged inside the operator door and configured to inject cleaning liquid into the gutter.

4. 2. The machine tool having a trunnion table according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece mounting table has a second rotary feed axis that rotates relative to the cradle about a central axis perpendicular to a workpiece mounting surface on which the workpiece is placed.

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