Spacer and composite slab structures

Abstract

To prevent a spacer from being removed from a deck plate.SOLUTION: A spacer (10) maintaining an interval between a deck plate (100) and a reinforcement material (30) arranged at the deck plate, comprises: a support part (1) supporting the reinforcement material at a position away from the deck plate; an engaging part (3) engaging with the deck plate; and a stopper (4) restricting separation of the engaging part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to spacers and composite slab structures. [Background technology]

[0002] In the construction of composite slabs, spacers are known that are provided on the upper surface of a deck plate to maintain a gap between the upper surface of the deck plate and the reinforcing bars. The spacer is attached to the upper surface of the deck plate by fitting the tips of a pair of legs into opposing grooves in the deck plate. The spacer is held in place by the elasticity of the material that makes up the spacer, so that it braces against each groove (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-70336 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, workers sometimes trip over spacers attached to the deck plate. They also sometimes accidentally step on rebars placed on the deck plate. In these cases, external force is applied to the spacer, causing the tips of the legs to come out of the grooves in the deck plate, and the spacer must be reattached to the deck plate. This significantly reduces work efficiency, so there is a demand for spacers that are less likely to come out of the deck plate.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a technique for making it difficult for the spacer to come off the deck plate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material arranged on the deck plate, the spacer including: a support portion that supports the reinforcing material at a position spaced from the deck plate; and an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate. and a stopper that restricts the engagement portion from being disengaged.

[0007] It is also preferable that the deck plate has a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engaging portion, the engaging portions being connected to the respective legs and engaging with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, and the stopper suppresses deformation when an external force is applied, thereby preventing the engaging portion from coming off the groove.

[0008] It is also preferable that the stopper prevents the engaging portions from approaching each other by more than a predetermined distance.

[0009] It is also preferable that the stopper comprises a first member provided on one leg and a second member provided on the other leg facing the first member, and that the first and second members are provided with a gap between their tip ends.

[0010] It is also preferable that the support portion is provided at one end of each leg portion in the extension direction, the engagement portion is provided at the other end of each leg portion in the extension direction, the stopper comprises a first member provided at one end of one leg portion in the extension direction and a second member provided at one end of the other leg portion in the extension direction, and the first member and the second member are provided so as to face each other across a gap from the support portion.

[0011] Preferably, at least one of the support portion and the leg portion has a lightening hole formed therein.

[0012] Furthermore, it is preferable that the engaging portions, when engaged with the grooves, have a first edge portion extending along the extension direction of the grooves, and a second edge portion continuing from the first edge portion and extending in a direction away from the grooves.

[0013] It is also preferable that the leg portion includes a rib having a main surface in a direction intersecting the main surface direction of the leg portion.

[0014] Furthermore, it is preferable that the stopper is provided at one end of the leg in the extension direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves, and the rib is provided at the other end of the leg in the extension direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves.

[0015] It is also preferable that the pair of legs are arranged so that the distance between them increases as they move from the support portion to the engagement portion, and that the width increases as they move from the support portion to the engagement portion.

[0016] The support portion preferably has a recess for receiving the reinforcing material.

[0017] The recess preferably has a protrusion on the bottom surface.

[0018] The recess preferably has a return portion that prevents the reinforcing material from coming off.

[0019] One aspect of the present invention is a composite slab structure comprising the above-mentioned spacer, a deck plate having a groove formed on one side into which the engaging portion of the spacer engages, a reinforcing material placed on the support portion of the spacer engaged in the groove of the deck plate, and a concrete portion poured on the one side of the deck plate and covering the spacer and the reinforcing material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, the spacer can be made less likely to come off the deck plate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a composite slab structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a composite slab structure with the concrete portion partially removed. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating the configuration of the deck plate. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. [Figure 8] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a process of attaching a spacer to a deck plate. [Figure 9] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a process of attaching a spacer to a deck plate. [Figure 10] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a process of attaching a spacer to a deck plate. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a view showing the state in which the spacer is attached to the deck plate. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a view showing the state in which a reinforcing bar is placed on the spacer. [Figure 13] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the function of a stopper when an external force is applied to a spacer. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a spacer according to a modified example. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a spacer according to a modified example. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a front view of a spacer according to a modified example. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a side view of a spacer according to a modified example. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which a plurality of spacers are stacked in a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. <Composite slab structure> As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the composite slab structure 200 is used as a ceiling or floor of a reinforced concrete structure. The composite slab structure 200 includes a deck plate 100, spacers 10, reinforcing bars 30 as reinforcing materials, welded wire mesh 50, and a concrete section 70. The deck plate 100 is bridged between beams, for example, made of H-shaped steel, that are arranged opposite each other in a structure.

[0023] <Deck plate> As shown in Fig. 3, the deck plate 100 is a corrugated steel plate formed by roll forming or the like from a thin steel plate that has been surface-treated, such as by galvanizing. The deck plate 100 has a peak portion 110, a valley bottom portion 120, and an inclined portion 130. In the following, the direction in which the deck plate 100 spans between beams is referred to as the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100, and the direction in which the deck plate 100 extends, intersecting the longitudinal direction L, is referred to as the lateral direction W. The deck plate 100 has a wave shape in which peaks 110 and valleys 120, each extending in the longitudinal direction L, are connected to each other in the lateral direction W via inclined portions 130.

[0024] Each plate of deck plate 100 consists of two peaks 110, one valley bottom 120, and two pairs of inclined sections 130, and is formed in a wave shape in cross section along the short direction W. Deck plate 100 may be end-closed at both ends in the long direction L.

[0025] The peak portion 110 is a flat portion located above the beam when the beam is spanned, and is a plate-like portion extending in the longitudinal direction L. The peak portion 110 has a groove 111. The groove 111 is formed so as to be recessed toward the valley bottom portion 120. The groove 111 extends in the longitudinal direction L, and when there is only one groove 111, it is provided near the center in the lateral direction W. The groove 111 in the peak portion 110 improves the strength of the peak portion 110. The number of grooves 111 is not limited to one and may be multiple in the peak portion 110. Note that the groove 111 does not necessarily have to be formed.

[0026] The valley bottom 120 is parallel or approximately parallel to the peak 110, and is a flat portion that is placed on the beam relative to the peak 110 when the structure is bridged between beams. The valley bottom 120 is a plate-like portion that extends in the longitudinal direction L. The valley bottom 120 does not overlap with the peak 110 in the lateral direction W.

[0027] The inclined portions 130 are portions that connect the peaks 110 and the valley bottoms 120, and are plate-shaped portions that extend in the longitudinal direction L. The inclined portions 130 extend obliquely from both end sides of the peaks 110 toward the valley bottoms 120 in the lateral direction W. The inclined portions 130 are inclined so as to form a predetermined angle, for example, an obtuse angle, with respect to the peaks 110 and the valley bottoms 120.

[0028] A bulge 141 is formed in the transition portion 140 between the valley bottom 120 and the inclined portion 130. The bulge 141 is a portion that protrudes toward opposite sides of a pair of inclined portions 130. That is, in a pair of opposing inclined portions 130, the bulge 141 is formed to face each other and bulges toward each other. An engagement groove 142 with which the spacer 10 engages is formed between the bulge 141 and the valley bottom 120. The cross section of the engagement groove 142 along the short direction W is curved. That is, in a pair of opposing inclined portions 130 on one surface of the deck plate 100, the engagement grooves 142 are formed to face each other and curve in directions away from each other. The spacer 10 is fixed in position by engaging with the opposing engagement grooves 142, and the bulge 141 prevents the spacer 10 from disengaging from the engagement groove 142. In this fixed state, the spacer 10 supports the reinforcing bars 30 from below, thereby maintaining the distance between the deck plate 100 and the reinforcing bars 30 arranged on the deck plate 100.

[0029] <Spacer> As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 to 7, the spacer 10 is detachably attached to the deck plate 100. As shown in FIG. A plurality of spacers 10 are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction L at the valley bottom 120 on one surface (upper surface) of the deck plate 100. When installed at the valley bottom 120, the spacers 10 support the reinforcing bars 30 arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100 at positions beyond the crests 110 and spaced a predetermined height from the valley bottom 120. The spacers 10 support the reinforcing bars 30 along the longitudinal direction L from the valley bottom 120 side.

[0030] The spacer 10 is formed, for example, from a steel plate. The spacer 10 includes a support portion 1, a pair of legs 2, a pair of engaging portions 3, a stopper 4, and ribs 5 and 6. The spacer 10 is a member in which the support portion 1, the pair of legs 2, the pair of engaging portions 3, the stopper 4, and the ribs 5 and 6 are formed continuously, i.e., integrally. The direction in which the support portion 1 supports the reinforcing bars 30 coincides with the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100.

[0031] The support portion 1 supports the reinforcing bars 30 and is formed, for example, in a rectangular or approximately rectangular shape in a plan view. The support portion 1 is located at the uppermost position when the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100. The support portion 1 has, for example, two recesses 11. When the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100, each recess 11 is formed so as to be recessed in an arc shape toward the valley bottom 120 of the deck plate 100, and extends along the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100. The recesses 11 are formed side by side near the center in the lateral direction W of the deck plate 100. The recesses 11 receive the reinforcing bars 30 along their extension direction (longitudinal direction L). That is, the reinforcing bars 30 are partially housed in the recesses 11. A protrusion 11p is provided at the bottom of each recess 11. Two protrusions 11p are provided for each recess 13a, spaced apart along its extension direction (longitudinal direction L). Two or more protrusions 11p may be provided for each recess 13a. When the reinforcing bars 30 are housed in the recesses 11, the protrusions 11p come into contact with the reinforcing bars 30 and prevent the reinforcing bars 30 from shifting in the longitudinal direction. If the reinforcing bars 30 are deformed reinforcing bars, the protrusions 11p catch on the protruding portions of the reinforcing bars 30, thereby effectively preventing the reinforcing bars 30 from shifting in position.

[0032] The pair of legs 2 extend from opposing edge portions of the support part 1 that extend along the longitudinal direction L toward the same surface at a predetermined angle with respect to the main surface of the support part 1. Specifically, the pair of legs 2 extend at an obtuse angle with respect to the support part 1. That is, the pair of legs 2 are provided so that one end of each in the extension direction is connected to the support part 1, and they extend from the support part 1 so as to be separated from each other. In other words, the pair of legs 2 are provided so that the distance between them increases as they move from the support part 1 toward the engagement part 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the pair of legs 2 are formed in a substantially rectangular shape in a side view. The pair of legs 2 are formed continuously from a single steel plate and are therefore elastically deformable so as to move towards and away from each other. An engagement portion 3 is provided at the other end of each leg 2 opposite the support portion 1 (the other end in the extending direction).

[0033] The pair of engaging portions 3 extend in directions away from each other from the other end of each leg portion 2. When the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100, the pair of engaging portions 3 extend parallel or approximately parallel to the support portion 1 along the short direction W. In other words, the pair of engaging portions 3 are provided so that one end of each is connected to the leg portion 2. The pair of engaging portions 3 are engaged with the opposing engaging grooves 142, thereby preventing the pair of engaging portions 3 from being separated from the deck plate 100, and the spacer 10 is thereby attached to the deck plate 100. When the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100, the pair of engaging portions 3 are in contact with the valley bottoms 120. The other end of each of the pair of engaging portions 3 has, when engaged with the engaging groove 142, a first edge portion 31 extending along the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engaging groove 142, and a second edge portion 32 continuing from the first edge portion 31 and extending in a direction away from the engaging groove 142.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 5 , in one of the pair of engaging portions 3, when viewed in a plane, the first edge 31 is formed linearly from one end to the other end along the longitudinal direction L of the engaging portion 3, transitioning to the second edge 32 before reaching the other end, and the corners of the other end are chamfered. That is, the second edge 32 is formed in a curved, arc-like shape. In the other of the pair of engaging portions 3, when viewed in a plane, the first edge 31 is formed linearly from the other end to one end along the longitudinal direction L of the engaging portion 3, transitioning to the second edge 32 before reaching the one end, and the corners of the one end are chamfered. That is, the second edge 32 is formed in a curved, arc-like shape. That is, in the pair of engaging portions 3 provided opposite to each other in the short-side direction W, the first edge 31 and the second edge 32 are formed at positions that face each other diagonally. This is because, when the spacer 10 is rotated 90° to engage the engaging portions 3 with the engaging grooves 142, the tip end side of the engaging portions 3 in the rotation direction is curved to prevent the engaging portions 3 from getting caught in the engaging grooves 142 and allow the engaging portions 3 to rotate smoothly and engage with the engaging grooves 142.

[0035] When an external force acts on the spacer, the stopper restricts the amount of deformation to remain within a predetermined range, thereby restricting the engagement portion from coming off the engagement groove. Specifically, the stopper 4 has a first arm (first member) 41 provided on one leg 2 and a second arm (second member) 42 provided on the other leg 2 and facing the first arm 41. The first arm 41 is provided at a position midway in the extension direction of one of the legs 2. The first arm 41 is formed so that one end is connected to one of the legs 2, and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the one of the legs 2. When the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100, the extension direction of the one of the arms 41 is along the short-side direction W and is parallel to the extension direction of the engaging portion 3. The other end of the first arm 41 extends from approximately the center between the pair of legs 2, in other words, from near the center of the support portion 1 in the short-side direction W to a position hanging down. The second arm 42 is provided at a position midway in the extension direction of the other leg 2. The second arm 42 is formed so that one end thereof is connected to the other leg 2, and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the other leg 2. When the spacer 10 is attached to the deck plate 100, the extension direction of the second arm 42 is along the short-side direction W and is parallel to the extension direction of the engaging portion 3. The other end of the second arm 42 extends from approximately the center between the pair of legs 2, in other words, from near the center of the support portion 1 in the short-side direction W to a position hanging down.

[0036] The first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are spaced apart so that their tip ends (other ends) face each other. This space is formed to be shorter than the length of overlap between the engaging portion 3 and the engaging groove 142 along the short-side direction W. As a result, even if an external force is applied to the leg 2 and the leg 2 elastically deforms, bringing the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 closer to each other, the tip ends (other ends) of the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 immediately come into contact with each other, restricting further deformation, thereby restricting the engaging portions 3 from coming closer to each other. The first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are provided at one end of the leg 2 in the extending direction of the engagement groove 142 (longitudinal direction L) when the engagement portion 3 is engaged with the engagement groove 142, respectively.

[0037] The ribs 5 and 6 increase the rigidity of the spacer 10 and suppress deformation. The ribs 5 and 6 are provided on the leg 2 and have main surfaces in a direction intersecting the main surface direction of the leg 2. Specifically, the main surfaces of the ribs 5 and 6 and the main surface of the leg 2 are approximately perpendicular to each other. The ribs 5 are provided so as to be continuous with the other end of the pair of legs 2 in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement grooves 142 when the engagement portions 3 are engaged with the respective engagement grooves 142. Each rib 5 extends in the longitudinal direction of the leg 2, i.e., along the direction connecting the support portion 1 and the engagement portion 3 of the leg 2. Each rib 5 extends so as to protrude outward from the other end of the leg 2 in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement groove 142. The ribs 6 are provided so as to be connected to one end of the pair of legs 2 in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement grooves 142 when the engagement portions 3 are engaged with the respective engagement grooves 142. Each rib 6 extends in the longitudinal direction of the leg 2, i.e., the direction connecting the support portion 1 and the engagement portion 3 of the leg 2. Each rib 6 extends so as to jut inward from one end of the leg 2 in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement groove 142. One rib 6 is formed so as to be connected to the first arm portion 41, and the other rib 6 is formed so as to be connected to the second arm portion 42.

[0038] <Reinforcing bars, welded wire mesh> The reinforcing bars 30 are supported by a plurality of spacers 10 arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100 and are arranged to extend in the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100. Specifically, the reinforcing bars 30 are placed in the recesses 11 of the support parts 1 of the spacers 10 engaged with the engagement grooves 142 of the deck plate 100 in a manner that makes them difficult to come off, and are arranged so that the reinforcing bars 30 will not roll off the support parts 1. The reinforcing bars 30 are, for example, deformed reinforcing bars made by rolling steel to provide uneven protrusions called ribs or nodes on the surface. However, the reinforcing bars are not limited to these, and various shapes and types of reinforcing bars, such as round steel or square steel, or rods made of other materials may also be used as long as they function as reinforcing materials for the composite slab structure 200. The welded wire mesh 50 is formed in a lattice shape using, for example, steel wires, and is placed on the spacers 10 and the reinforcing bars 30.

[0039] <Concrete section> The concrete portion 70 is formed by pouring and solidifying concrete onto one surface (top surface) of the deck plate 100. The concrete portion 70 is poured so as to cover the spacers 10, the reinforcing bars 30, and the welded wire mesh 50, and after the concrete portion 70 has solidified, the spacers 10, the reinforcing bars 30, and the welded wire mesh 50 are embedded within the concrete portion 70.

[0040] <Construction method of composite slab structure> Next, a method for constructing a composite slab structure will be described. First, the deck plate 100 is placed across the beams and fixed to the beams. 8 and 9, the spacers 10 are placed on the valley bottoms 120 of the deck plate 100 at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction L. At this time, the spacers 10 are placed on the valley bottoms 120 so that the pair of engaging portions 3 are aligned in the longitudinal direction L. Next, as shown in Figure 10, the worker grasps the spacer 10 with a hacksaw, jig, or the like, and rotates the spacer 10 around an axis along the height direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and the lateral direction W. At this time, the spacer 10 is rotated with the pair of engaging portions 3 in contact with the valley bottoms 120. In addition, when rotating the spacer 10, the spacer 10 is rotated so that the second edge portions 32 of the engaging portions 3 enter the engaging grooves 142. This allows the corner portions (first edge portions 31) of the engaging portions 3 to be prevented from getting caught in the engaging grooves 142, and the spacer 10 can be rotated smoothly.

[0041] Next, when the spacer 10 is rotated 90° around an axis along the height direction, the first edge 31 and second edge 32 of the engaging portion 3 fit into the engaging groove 142, restricting movement of the engaging portion 3 in the height direction, as shown in Figure 11. This fixes the position of the spacer 10 on the deck plate 100. At this time, the recess 11 of the support portion 1 is aligned with the longitudinal direction L. Next, as shown in Fig. 12, the reinforcing bars 30 are placed in the recesses 11, and are housed in the recesses 11, with the reinforcing bars 30 being supported from below by the support parts 1. Here, the spacers 10 placed at positions corresponding to the joints of the reinforcing bars 30 support each of the reinforcing bars 30 with the two recesses 11 formed in the support part 1, as shown in Fig. 1, but the spacers 10 supporting the middle of the reinforcing bars 30 support the reinforcing bars 30 with one of the two recesses 11 formed in the support part 1. Next, for example, welded wire mesh 50 is installed on the plurality of reinforcing bars 30 extending in the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100, or another reinforcing bar is arranged in a direction intersecting the plurality of reinforcing bars 30. Next, concrete is poured onto the top surface of the deck plate 100 and cured to harden, forming the concrete section 70. As a result, the spacers 10, reinforcing bars 30, and welded wire mesh 50 are embedded in the concrete section 70, and the composite slab structure 200 is completed.

[0042] As described above, by configuring the spacer 10 as described above, when a worker's foot comes into contact with the spacer 10 or when an external force is applied to the spacer 10 due to, for example, the deflection of the welded wire mesh 50, the spacer 10 elastically deforms, reducing the distance between the pair of legs 2, and as the legs 2 elastically deform, the engaging portion 3 attempts to disengage from the engaging groove 142. However, once the legs 2 have deformed slightly, the tips of the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 provided on the legs 2 come into contact with each other, restricting the deformation of the legs 2 and preventing further movement of the engaging portion 3. This restricts the engaging portion 3 from disengaging from the engaging groove 142, making it difficult for the spacer 10 to come off the deck plate 100. Furthermore, since the spacers 10 do not need to be attached to the deck plate 100 in advance, the spacers 10 do not get in the way when transporting the deck plate 100, and the deck plates 100 can be easily stacked and transported. Furthermore, since the engaging portion 3 has a first edge portion 31 and a second edge portion 32, when attaching the spacer 10 to the deck plate 100, the engaging portion 3 can be inserted into the engaging groove 142 from the second edge portion 32, which is formed in an arc shape, so that the spacer 10 can be smoothly rotated and engaged with the engaging groove 142 without getting caught in the engaging groove 142. Furthermore, since the pair of legs 2 are provided with ribs 5, 6, the rigidity of the spacer 10 can be increased, and deformation of the spacer 10 can be further suppressed even when an external force is applied. Furthermore, since the rigidity of the spacer 10 can be increased without increasing the cross section, the size of the spacer 10 itself can be suppressed. Furthermore, by suppressing the size of the spacer 10, clogging of the concrete below the spacer 10 can be suppressed. Furthermore, the support part 1 has a recess 11 for receiving the reinforcing bar 30, so that when the reinforcing bar 30 is placed on the spacer 10, the reinforcing bar 30 does not roll or slide on the support part 1, making it possible to easily position the reinforcing bar 30 and to support the reinforcing bar 30 in a stable state.

[0043] <Modification> For example, the spacer 10A is not limited to the above configuration, and may have configurations as shown in FIGS. As shown in Fig. 14, the spacer 10A is formed, for example, from a steel plate. The spacer 10A includes a support portion 1a, a pair of legs 2a, a pair of engaging portions 3a, a stopper 4a, and ribs 5a and 6a. The spacer 10A is a member in which the support portion 1a, the pair of legs 2a, the pair of engaging portions 3a, the stopper 4a, and the ribs 5a and 6a are formed continuously, i.e., integrally. The direction in which the support portion 1a supports the reinforcing bars 30 coincides with the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 100.

[0044] The support portion 1a supports the reinforcing bar 30 and is formed, for example, in a rectangular or substantially rectangular shape in a plan view. When the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100, the support portion 1a is located at the uppermost position. The support portion 1a includes a bottom portion 11a connected to a pair of legs 2a, and a pair of walls 12a erected on the bottom portion 11a. The bottom 11a is formed so that both ends in the short side direction W are connected to the respective leg portions 2a when the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100. Two lightening holes 11b are formed in the bottom 11a. The pair of wall portions 12a are formed so as to be connected to both end edges in the longitudinal direction L. In other words, the pair of wall portions 12a are formed so as to face each other along the longitudinal direction L. The surface direction of the bottom 11a and the surface direction of the wall portions 12a form an angle of approximately 90°. When the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100, the pair of wall portions 12a are located in positions that protrude outward in the longitudinal direction L beyond the stoppers 4a. Each wall portion 12a has, for example, two recesses 13a. Each recess 13a is formed so as to recess in an arc shape toward the bottom portion 11a. The recesses 13a are formed side by side near the center in the short-side direction W of the deck plate 100. The recesses 13a formed in each wall portion 12a are formed so as to face each other along the long-side direction L. The recesses 13a receive the reinforcing bars 30 along their extension direction (longitudinal direction L). That is, the reinforcing bars 30 are partially housed in the recesses 13a. A return portion 13P is formed in each recess 13a. The return portion 13p is formed so as to be continuous with the upper edge of the outer side (the leg portion 2a side) of the recess 13a. When the reinforcing bars 30 are housed in the recesses 13a, the return portion 13p is formed so as to extend upward from the intersection of the surface of the recess 13a and a straight line along the short-side direction W passing through the center of the reinforcing bars 30, and toward the inside of the spacer 10A. As a result, even if the reinforcing bars 30 housed in the recesses 13a try to come out of the recesses 13a, the reinforcing bars 30 come into contact with the return portion 13p and are prevented from coming out of the recesses 13a.

[0045] The pair of legs 2a extend from opposing edges of the support portion 1a, extending along the longitudinal direction L, toward the same surface at a predetermined angle relative to the main surface of the bottom portion 11a. Specifically, the pair of legs 2a extend at an obtuse angle relative to the bottom portion 11a. That is, one end of each of the pair of legs 2a is connected to the support portion 1a, and the pair of legs 2a extend away from each other from the support portion 1a. In other words, the pair of legs 2a are arranged so that the distance between them increases from the support portion 1a toward the engaging portion 3a. As shown in FIG. 17, the pair of legs 2a are formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape in a side view. Specifically, the pair of legs 2a are formed so that their width increases from the support portion 1a toward the engaging portion 3a. Three lightening holes 2b are formed in the leg portion 2a. The pair of legs 2a are formed from a single continuous steel plate and are elastically deformable so as to move toward and away from each other. An engaging portion 3a is provided at the other end of each leg 2a opposite the support portion 1a (the other end in the extending direction of the leg 2a).

[0046] The pair of engaging portions 3a each extend in a direction away from the other end of each leg portion 2a. The pair of engaging portions 3a extend parallel or approximately parallel to the bottom portion 11a of the support portion 1a along the short direction W. In other words, the pair of engaging portions 3a are provided so that one end of each is connected to the leg portion 2a. The pair of engaging portions 3a are engaged with the opposing engaging grooves 142, thereby preventing the spacer 10A from being separated from the deck plate 100, and the spacer 10A is thereby attached to the deck plate 100. The pair of engaging portions 3a are in contact with the valley bottoms 120 when the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100. The other end of each of the pair of engaging portions 3a, when engaged with the engaging groove 142, has a first edge portion 31a extending along the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engaging groove 142, and a second edge portion 32a continuing from the first edge portion 31a and extending in a direction away from the engaging groove 142.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 15 , in one of the pair of engaging portions 3a, in plan view, the first edge 31a is formed linearly from one end of the engaging portion 3a along the longitudinal direction L to the other end, transitioning to the second edge 32a before reaching the other end, and the corners of the other end are chamfered. That is, the second edge 32a is formed in an arc-like shape so as to be curved. In the other of the pair of engaging portions 3a, in plan view, the first edge 31a is formed linearly from the other end of the engaging portion 3a along the longitudinal direction L to one end, transitioning to the second edge 32a before reaching the one end, and the corners of the one end are chamfered. That is, the second edge 32a is formed in an arc-like shape so as to be curved. That is, in the pair of engaging portions 3a provided opposite to each other in the short-side direction W, the first edge 31a and the second edge 32a are formed at positions diagonally facing each other. This is because, when the spacer 10A is rotated 90° to engage the engaging portions 3a with the engaging grooves 142, the tip ends of the engaging portions 3a in the rotation direction are curved to prevent the engaging portions 3a from getting caught in the engaging grooves 142 and allow the engaging portions 3a to rotate smoothly and engage with the engaging grooves 142.

[0048] When an external force acts on the spacer 10A, the stopper 4a restricts the amount of deformation to remain within a predetermined range, thereby restricting the disengagement of the engaging portion 3a from the engaging groove 142. Specifically, the stopper 4a has a first arm (first member) 41a provided on one leg 2a and a second arm (second member) 42a provided on the other leg 2a and facing the first arm 41a. The first arm 41a is provided at the end of one leg 2a opposite the engaging portion 3a in the extension direction (one end of the leg 2a in the extension direction). The first arm 41a is formed so that one end is connected to one leg 2a, and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the one leg 2a. When the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100, the extension direction of the one arm 41a is along the short direction W and is parallel to the extension direction of the engaging portion 3a. The other end of the first arm 41a extends to a position midway between the pair of legs 2a. The second arm 42a is provided at the end of the other leg 2a opposite the engaging portion 3a in the extension direction (one end of the leg 2a in the extension direction). The second arm 42a is formed so that one end is connected to the other leg 2a, and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the other leg 2a. When the spacer 10A is attached to the deck plate 100, the extension direction of the second arm 42a is along the short direction W and parallel to the extension direction of the engaging portion 3a. The other end of the second arm 42a extends to a position midway between the pair of legs 2a. As a result, the first arm 41a and the second arm 42a are provided at a distance such that their tip ends (other ends) face each other.

[0049] The first arm 41a and the second arm 42a are formed to protrude from the underside (the surface facing the leg 2a) of the bottom 11a of the support part 1a and face the bottom 11a with a small gap between them. As a result, even if an external force is applied to the leg 2a and the leg 2a elastically deforms, bringing the pair of engaging portions 3a closer to each other, the first arm 41a and the second arm 42a immediately come into contact with the bottom 11a of the support part 1a, restricting further deformation of the arms 2a and preventing the engaging portions 3a from coming closer to each other. Note that the first arm 41a and the second arm 42a may also abut the underside of the bottom 11a of the support part 1a. When the engaging portion 3a is engaged with the engaging groove 142, the first arm 41a and the second arm 42a are provided at one end of the leg 2a in the extending direction of the engaging groove 142 (longitudinal direction L).

[0050] The ribs 5a and 6a increase the rigidity of the spacer 10A and suppress deformation. The ribs 5a and 6a are provided on the leg portions 2a and have main surfaces in a direction intersecting the main surface direction of the leg portions 2a. Specifically, the main surfaces of the ribs 5a and 6a are approximately perpendicular to the main surface of the leg portions 2a. The ribs 5a are provided so as to be continuous with the other end of the pair of legs 2a in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement grooves 142 when the engagement portions 3a are engaged with the respective engagement grooves 142. Each rib 5a extends in the longitudinal direction of the leg 2a, i.e., the direction connecting the support portion 1a and the engagement portion 3a of the leg 2a. Each rib 5a extends so as to jut inward from the other end of the leg 2a in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement groove 142. The ribs 6a are provided so as to be continuous with one end of the pair of leg portions 2a in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement grooves 142 when the engagement portions 3a are engaged with the respective engagement grooves 142. Each rib 6a extends in the longitudinal direction of the leg portion 2a, i.e., along the direction connecting the support portion 1a and the engagement portion 3a of the leg portion 2a. Each rib 6a extends so as to jut inward from one end of the leg portion 2a in the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the engagement grooves 142. One rib 6a is formed so as to be continuous with the first arm portion 41a, and the other rib 6a is formed so as to be continuous with the second arm portion 42a.

[0051] As described above, when the spacer 10A has the above-described configuration, if a worker's foot comes into contact with the spacer 10A or if an external force is applied to the spacer 10A due to, for example, the bending of the welded wire mesh 50, the spacer 10A elastically deforms, reducing the distance between the pair of legs 2a. As the legs 2a elastically deform, the engaging portion 3a attempts to disengage from the engaging groove 142. However, even if the legs 2a attempt to deform, the first arm 41a and the second arm 42a provided on the legs 2a abut against the bottom 11a of the support portion 1a, restricting the deformation of the legs 2a and preventing further movement of the engaging portion 3a. This restricts the engaging portion 3a from disengaging from the engaging groove 142, making it difficult for the spacer 10A to come off the deck plate 100. Furthermore, since the spacers 10A do not need to be attached to the deck plate 100 in advance, the spacers 10A do not get in the way when transporting the deck plate 100, and the deck plates 100 can be easily stacked and transported. Furthermore, since the engaging portion 3a has a first edge portion 31a and a second edge portion 32a, when attaching the spacer 10A to the deck plate 100, the engaging portion 3a can be inserted into the engaging groove 142 from the second edge portion 32a, which is formed in an arc shape, so that the spacer 10A can be smoothly rotated to engage with the engaging groove 142 without getting caught in the engaging groove 142. Furthermore, since the pair of legs 2a are provided with ribs 5a and 6a, the rigidity of the spacer 10A can be increased, and deformation of the spacer 10A can be further suppressed even when an external force is applied. Furthermore, since the rigidity of the spacer 10A can be increased without increasing the cross section, the size of the spacer 10A itself can be suppressed. Furthermore, by suppressing the size of the spacer 10A, clogging of the concrete below the spacer 10A can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the support portion 1a has a recess 13a for receiving the reinforcing bar 30, the reinforcing bar 30 does not roll or slide on the upper edge of the wall portion 12a when placed on the spacer 10A, making it easy to position the reinforcing bar 30. In addition, the reinforcing bar 30 is placed in the recess 13a in a state where it is difficult to come off, and the reinforcing bar 30 can be held in place. Furthermore, the weight of the spacer 10A can be reduced by forming the lightening holes 11b in the bottom 11a of the support portion 1a and the lightening holes 2b in the leg portion 2a. Furthermore, by forming the lightening holes 11b and 2b, it becomes easier to fill the space below the spacer 10A (the space below the bottom 11a of the support portion 1a) with concrete, which can prevent the occurrence of voids due to improper filling of the concrete. The pair of legs 2a are formed so that the distance between them increases from the support portion 1a toward the engagement portion 3a, and so that the width increases from the support portion 1a toward the engagement portion 3a. This makes it possible to stack multiple spacers 10A on top of each other and transport them, as shown in Fig. 18, thereby significantly improving work efficiency.

[0052] <Other> While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and includes all aspects encompassed by the concept of the present invention and the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the configurations of the above embodiments and modifications may be appropriately and selectively combined to achieve at least some of the above-described problems and effects. For example, the shapes of the support parts, legs, engaging parts, stoppers, and ribs are not limited to the above examples and can be changed within the range in which the functions of each part are exhibited. Furthermore, the number of legs, the number of engaging portions, the number of arms constituting the stopper, the number of ribs, and the number of lightening holes can also be changed within the range in which the functions of each portion are fulfilled. Furthermore, lightening holes may be formed in the support portion 1 and leg portion 2 of the spacer 10 shown in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 14, the lightening holes may be formed in only one of the support portion 1a and the leg portion 2a. [Explanation of symbols]

[0053] 1,1a Support part 11,13a Recess 11a bottom 11p convex part 12a Wall 13p Return part 2,2a Legs 2b, 11b Lightening holes 3,3a Engagement part 31, 31a first edge 32, 32a Second edge 4,4a Stopper 41,41a First arm 42, 42a Second arm 5,5a Rib 6,6a Rib 10,10A spacer 30 Steel bars (reinforcement) 50 Welded Wire Mesh 70 Concrete Section 100 deck plate 142 Engagement groove 200 Composite slab structure

Claims

1. A spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material arranged on the deck plate, a support portion that supports the reinforcing member at a position spaced from the deck plate; an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate; a stopper that restricts disengagement of the engaging portion, The support portion, the engagement portion, and the stopper are integrally formed, a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engagement portion; The engaging portions are connected to the respective leg portions and engage with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, the stopper suppresses deformation and prevents the engagement portion from coming off the groove when an external force is applied; the stopper includes a first member provided on one leg and a second member provided on the other leg and facing the first member; A spacer characterized in that the first member and the second member are provided with a gap between their tip ends.

2. A spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material disposed on the deck plate, a support portion that supports the reinforcing member at a position spaced from the deck plate; an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate; a stopper that restricts disengagement of the engaging portion, The support portion, the engagement portion, and the stopper are integrally formed, a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engagement portion; The engaging portions are connected to the respective leg portions and engage with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, the stopper suppresses deformation and prevents the engagement portion from coming off the groove when an external force is applied; the support portion is provided at one end of each leg portion in the extending direction, and the engagement portion is provided at the other end of each leg portion in the extending direction, the stopper includes a first member provided at one end of one leg in the extending direction and a second member provided at one end of the other leg in the extending direction, The spacer is characterized in that the first member and the second member are provided on the support portion so as to face each other with a gap therebetween.

3. A spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material disposed on the deck plate, a support portion that supports the reinforcing member at a position spaced from the deck plate; an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate; a stopper that restricts disengagement of the engaging portion, The support portion, the engagement portion, and the stopper are integrally formed, a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engagement portion; The engaging portions are connected to the respective leg portions and engage with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, the stopper suppresses deformation and prevents the engagement portion from coming off the groove when an external force is applied; A spacer comprising a rib provided on the leg portion and having a main surface in a direction intersecting the main surface direction of the leg portion.

4. The stopper is provided at one end of the leg in the extension direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves, 4. The spacer according to claim 3, wherein the rib is provided at the other end of the leg in the extending direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves.

5. 5. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the stopper prevents the engaging portions from approaching each other by more than a predetermined distance.

6. 6. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein a lightening hole is formed in at least one of the support portion and the leg portion.

7. A spacer as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, when engaged with the groove, each of the engaging portions has a first edge portion extending along the extension direction of the groove, and a second edge portion continuing from the first edge portion and extending in a direction away from the groove.

8. A spacer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pair of legs are arranged so that the distance between them increases as they move from the support portion to the engagement portion, and so that their width increases as they move from the support portion to the engagement portion.

9. 9. A spacer according to claim 1, wherein the support portion has a recess for receiving the reinforcing material.

10. The spacer according to claim 9 , wherein the recess has a protrusion on the bottom surface.

11. 11. The spacer according to claim 9, wherein the recess has a return portion that prevents the reinforcing material from coming off.

12. A spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material arranged on the deck plate, a support portion that supports the reinforcing member at a position spaced from the deck plate; an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate; a stopper that restricts disengagement of the engaging portion; a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engagement portion; The engaging portions are connected to the respective leg portions and engage with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, the stopper suppresses deformation and prevents the engagement portion from coming off the groove when an external force is applied; the support portion is provided at one end of each leg portion in the extending direction, and the engagement portion is provided at the other end of each leg portion in the extending direction, the stopper includes a first member provided at one end of one leg in the extending direction and a second member provided at one end of the other leg in the extending direction, The spacer is characterized in that the first member and the second member are provided on the support portion so as to face each other with a gap therebetween.

13. A spacer that maintains a gap between a deck plate and a reinforcing material arranged on the deck plate, a support portion that supports the reinforcing member at a position spaced from the deck plate; an engagement portion that engages with the deck plate; a stopper that restricts disengagement of the engaging portion; a pair of legs connecting the support portion and the engagement portion; The engaging portions are connected to the respective leg portions and engage with opposing grooves formed in the deck plate, the stopper suppresses deformation and prevents the engagement portion from coming off the groove when an external force is applied; A spacer comprising a rib provided on the leg portion and having a main surface in a direction intersecting the main surface direction of the leg portion.

14. the stopper is provided at one end of the leg portion in an extending direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves, 14. The spacer according to claim 13, wherein the rib is provided at the other end of the leg in the extending direction of the groove when the engaging portions are engaged with the grooves.

15. A spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 14; a deck plate having a groove formed on one surface thereof into which the engaging portion of the spacer engages; a reinforcing member placed on the support portion of the spacer engaged with the groove of the deck plate; a concrete portion poured on the one surface of the deck plate and covering the spacer and the reinforcing material; A composite slab structure comprising:

Images