Power supply system for apartment complexes

Abstract

To provide a power supply system in a multiple dwelling house, with which a self consumption rate of a solar power generation device is increased.SOLUTION: A power supply system 1 in a multiple dwelling house 2 includes a plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C. The system includes a solar power generation device 3 that is shared by the plurality of dwelling units, a first distribution board 5 that receives power supply from the solar power generation device 3 and a commercial power source 20, second distribution boards 6 that are provided at the plurality of dwelling units and receive power supply from the first distribution board 5, a first power amount measuring tool 7 for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, a plurality of second power amount measuring tools 8 for measuring the amounts of power used by the corresponding dwelling units, and a control device 12. The control device 12 compares the total amount of power used by the plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C with the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, and controls the first distribution board 5 on the basis of the result of the comparison.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a power supply system for an apartment building. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, attempts have been made to utilize electricity generated by solar power generation devices not only in detached houses but also in apartment buildings. For example, Patent Document 1 below proposes an apartment building equipped with a solar power generation and power storage system. This apartment building is equipped with solar panels installed on the roof or rooftop and a storage battery that stores the electricity generated by the solar panels. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-157428 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Recently, the selling price of electricity generated by solar power generation systems has been on a downward trend. Therefore, there is a need for apartment complexes equipped with solar power generation systems to increase the rate of self-consumption of generated electricity within the dwelling units.

[0005] The present disclosure has been devised in view of the above-described circumstances, and has as its main object to provide a power supply system for an apartment building that can increase the self-consumption rate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present disclosure relates to a power supply system for an apartment building including a plurality of dwelling units, the system comprising: a solar power generation device shared by the plurality of dwelling units; a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and a commercial power source; a second distribution board that is provided in the plurality of dwelling units and receives power from the first distribution board; a first power metering device for measuring the power generation amount of the solar power generation device; a plurality of second power metering devices for measuring the power consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units; and a control device connected to the first distribution board, the first power metering device, and the second power metering devices, wherein the control device compares the total power consumption of the plurality of dwelling units with the power generation amount of the solar power generation device, and if the total power consumption is less than or equal to the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units, and if the total power consumption exceeds the power generation amount, controls the first distribution board so that the generated power is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units in accordance with a predetermined allocation rule. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] By adopting the above-described configuration, the power supply system for an apartment building according to the present disclosure can increase the self-consumption rate of the power generated by the solar power generation device in the apartment building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a control device. [Figure 3] 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electric power supply system 1 for an apartment building according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 1, the electric power supply system 1 for an apartment building according to this embodiment is a system that supplies electric power to an apartment building 2. The apartment building 2 includes a plurality of dwelling units (for example, three dwelling units A, B, and C in Fig. 1).

[0010] [Apartment housing] First, the apartment building 2 will be described. The apartment building 2 is equipped with a shared solar power generation system 3. In this embodiment, the power generated by the solar power generation system 3 is shared by multiple dwelling units A, B, and C.

[0011] The solar power generation device 3 of this embodiment includes, for example, a solar cell panel 3a and a power conditioner 3b.

[0012] The solar cell panel 3a is installed, for example, on the roof or rooftop of the apartment building 2. The power conditioner 3b converts DC power generated by the solar cell panel 3a into AC power.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the solar power generation system 3 may include a storage battery 3c for storing the generated power. The storage battery 3c is connected to the power conditioner 3b. The storage battery 3c can store surplus generated power as DC power. The storage battery 3c may be installed, for example, in a common area of ​​the apartment building 2. The power stored in the storage battery is also shared by the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C.

[0014] The apartment building 2 may further include one or more heat pump type water heaters 4. The water heater includes a heat pump 4a that is operated by electricity and a hot water storage tank 4b.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the water heaters 4 may be a shared water heater 4A that supplies hot water to multiple dwelling units A, B, and C. The shared water heater 4A is installed, for example, in a common area of ​​the apartment building 2. Power is distributed to the shared water heater 4A from a first distribution board 5, which will be described later. In the example of FIG. 1, the hot water storage tank 4b is connected to the hot water supply units in the bathrooms and washrooms of the dwelling units A, B, and C, and one shared water heater 4A is shown as being shared to supply hot water to the three dwelling units A, B, and C. This embodiment reduces the number of water heaters 4 to be installed, enabling more effective use of land space. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment.

[0016] [Power supply system] Next, a description will be given of the power supply system 1 of this embodiment. The power supply system 1 includes, for example, a first distribution board 5 provided in an apartment building 2, a second distribution board 6 provided in each of a plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C, a first energy measuring device 7, a plurality of second energy measuring devices 8, and a control device 12.

[0017] [First distribution board] The first distribution board 5 is provided, for example, in a common area of ​​the apartment building 2, and is connected to the power conditioner 3b of the solar power generation system 3 and the commercial power source 20. Therefore, the first distribution board 5 can receive power from both the solar power generation system 3 and the commercial power source 20. The first distribution board 5 distributes this power at a predetermined ratio to second distribution boards 6 installed in each of the dwelling units A, B, and C of the apartment building 2. In addition, the first distribution board 5 and the electric power company 21 are connected by a power sales transmission line 22 for selling surplus power generated by the solar power generation system 3 to the electric power company.

[0018] [Second distribution board] The second distribution board 6 is installed, for example, inside the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C. The second distribution board 6 distributes the power from the first distribution board 5 to multiple rooms in each of the dwelling units A, B, and C via breakers, etc. Each room receives power from the second distribution board 6 and uses various electrical appliances (lighting, air conditioners, etc.).

[0019] [Electricity measuring equipment] The first power amount measuring tool 7 is provided, for example, between the power conditioner 3b and the first distribution board 5, and is a device that measures the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 3 (power generation amount).

[0020] The second electric energy measuring device 8 is a device that measures the amount of electric energy used by each of the plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C. The second electric energy measuring device 8 may be built into the second distribution board 6, for example.

[0021] The power supply system 1 of this embodiment also includes a third power amount measuring device 9, a fourth power amount measuring device 10, and a fifth power amount measuring device 11. The third power amount measuring device 9 measures the amount of power supplied (purchased) from the commercial power source 20. The fourth power amount measuring device 10 measures the amount of power sold to the power company 21. The fifth power amount measuring device 11 measures the amount of power remaining in the storage battery 3c.

[0022] The amounts of electricity measured by the first to fifth electricity measuring devices 7 to 11 are input to the control device 12. Based on these amounts of electricity, the control device 12 not only allocates electricity to each of the dwelling units A, B, and C, but also calculates the electricity charges.

[0023] [Control device] The control device 12 is connected to the first distribution board 5 and the first to fifth electric energy measuring devices 7 to 11. In a preferred embodiment, the control device 12 of this embodiment is connected to a computer 30 of the owner (or management company) of the apartment building 2 via a network such as the Internet. The owner can receive predetermined information from the control device 12 and monitor various information such as the power supply status in real time.

[0024] The control device 12 can control various devices in accordance with pre-stored processing procedures. Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of the control device 12, including inputs and outputs. The control device 12 is, for example, a computer of various types, and includes a calculation unit 12a, a storage unit 12b, and a working memory 12c. The calculation unit 12a receives, for example, the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, the amount of power used by each of the dwelling units A, B, and C, the amount of power purchased from the commercial power source 20, the amount of power sold to the power company 21, and the amount of power stored in the storage battery 3c.

[0025] The memory unit 12b stores a program section that stores processing procedures for processing the above information, an allocation rule section that stores the allocation rules for generated power (described below), and historical information such as the current power usage status of each of the dwelling units A, B, and C.

[0026] The control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5, the shared water heater 4A, etc. based on the input information and the program section, etc. Also, if necessary, it transmits information to the computer 30 of the owner of the apartment building 2.

[0027] The control device 12 of this embodiment compares, in real time or at predetermined sampling intervals, the total power consumption of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C with the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3. Then, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5 based on the result of the comparison.

[0028] Specifically, when the total power usage of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C is equal to or less than the generated power amount, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5 so that the generated power is supplied to all of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C. In this way, the first distribution board 5 distributes the generated power to each of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C so that all of their power needs are met by the generated power.

[0029] On the other hand, when the total power consumption of the dwelling units A, B, and C exceeds the power generation amount, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5 in accordance with allocation rules pre-stored in the memory unit 12b so that the generated power is supplied to one or more of the dwelling units A, B, and C. These allocation rules are set to improve the self-consumption rate. Examples of such allocation rules include the following:

[0030] For example, the allocation rule may be a rule that allocates generated power in descending order of current power usage to the dwelling unit A, B, or C. This allows all of the generated power to be efficiently consumed by the dwelling unit A, B, or C.

[0031] Furthermore, for example, the allocation rule may be such that the more electricity a dwelling unit currently uses, the more generated electricity is allocated to that dwelling unit. As an example, all generated electricity may be allocated proportionally to each of dwelling units A, B, and C based on the electricity usage of each dwelling unit. This allows all generated electricity to be efficiently consumed by dwelling unit A, B, or C.

[0032] As another example, the allocation rule may be such that the greater the power consumption of each of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C calculated over a predetermined period, the more generated power is supplied to that dwelling unit. For example, all generated power may be allocated proportionally to each of the dwelling units A, B, and C based on the average monthly power consumption of each of the dwelling units A, B, and C.

[0033] As another example, the allocation rule may be such that the larger the floor area of ​​a dwelling unit, the more generated power is supplied. It is generally known from experience that the larger the floor area of ​​a dwelling unit, the greater the amount of power usage.

[0034] Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the control device 12 for performing the above-mentioned processing. An example of the processing procedure of the control device 12 will be described in more detail below with reference to Fig. 3. In the comparison and determination process of the flowchart in Fig. 3, the branch symbol "Y" means that the result is affirmative, and the branch symbol "N" means that the result is negative.

[0035] First, the control device 12 acquires the current amount of power generation (step S1). For example, the calculation unit 12a reads the amount of power measured by the first power amount measuring device 7 and stores it in the working memory 12c.

[0036] Next, the control device 12 acquires the amount of power consumption for each of the dwelling units A, B, and C (step S2). This process is performed by the calculation unit 12a reading the amount of power measured by each of the second power amount measuring devices 8 and storing the amount of power consumption in the working memory 12c.

[0037] Next, the control device 12 determines whether the solar power generation device 3 is generating power (step S3). This process is performed, for example, by the calculation unit 12a reading the amount of power from the first power amount measuring device 7, and determining that power is being generated if the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and determining that power is not being generated if the value is not equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0038] If the control device 12 determines that the solar power generation device 3 is generating power, it determines whether the amount of power generated is sufficient to cover the total power consumption of all dwelling units A, B, and C in the apartment building (step S4). This process is performed by the calculation unit 12a by comparing the amount of power generated obtained in step S1 with the sum of the power consumption of each of the dwelling units A, B, and C obtained in step S3.

[0039] If the control device 12 determines that the amount of power generated can cover the total power consumption of dwelling units A, B, and C in the apartment building, it controls the first distribution board 5 to supply the generated power to all dwelling units A, B, and C (step S5). For example, the control device 12 reads the power consumption amounts of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C, and controls the first distribution board 5 to distribute the generated power to the second distribution boards 6 of each dwelling unit A, B, and C according to their respective power consumption amounts. This improves the self-consumption rate of the power generated by the solar power generation device 3. In this case, the control device 12 does not receive power from the commercial power source 20, and can cover all of the power consumption of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C with the generated power.

[0040] Next, the control device 12 determines whether or not a shared water heater 4A is installed (step S6). If a shared water heater 4A is installed, it determines whether or not there is surplus power to operate the shared water heater 4A for heating (step S7). This is done by comparing the amount of power required for heating with the amount of surplus power (i.e., the amount of power generated minus the total amount of power used by each of the dwelling units A, B, and C).

[0041] Next, if the result of step S7 is affirmative, the control device 12 instructs the shared water heater 4A to perform water heating operation (step S8). In this way, by using the surplus electricity to heat water in the daytime, for example, rather than selling it, the self-consumption rate of generated electricity is further increased. Note that in this embodiment, the surplus of generated electricity that exceeds the total power of each of the dwelling units A, B, and C is consumed to heat water in the shared water heater 4A, but any further surplus is stored in the storage battery 3c. This further increases the self-consumption rate.

[0042] Next, the control device 12 calculates the electricity charges for each of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C based on the amount of electricity used by each dwelling unit A, B, and C (the amount of generated electricity used and the amount of commercial power used) (step S9). When steps S1 to S9 are processed serially, all of the electricity used by each dwelling unit A, B, and C is determined to be generated electricity. In this case, the electricity charges for each dwelling unit A, B, and C can be calculated by multiplying the amount of electricity used by the unit price of generated electricity. Note that step S9 is also executed if the results of steps S6 and S7 are negative (N in each step).

[0043] Next, a case where the solar power generation device 3 is not generating power (N in step S3) will be described. In such a case, the control device 12 of this embodiment determines whether or not the storage battery 3c is present (step S11).

[0044] If the control device 12 determines that there is no storage battery 3c (N in step S11), the control device 12 purchases the shortage of power from the commercial power source 20 and supplies it to all of the dwelling units A, B, and C (step S12). Then, the control device 12 executes step S9. If steps S11 and S12 are completed, all of the power used in each of the dwelling units A, B, and C is determined to be power purchased from the commercial power source 20. The electricity charges for each of the dwelling units A, B, and C can then be calculated by multiplying the amount of power used by the unit price of commercial power purchases.

[0045] Next, if the control device 12 determines in step S11 that the storage battery 3c is present, the control device 12 acquires the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 3c (step S13).

[0046] Next, the control device 12 determines whether the amount of stored power plus the amount of generated power is sufficient to currently cover the power needs of all dwelling units A, B, and C (step S14). If the result of step S13 is affirmative, the control device 12 supplies each of the dwelling units A, B, and C with the combined total of stored power and generated power (step S15). However, if steps S3 to S11, S13, and S14 have been executed, the control device 12 supplies only stored power (generated power is zero) to each of the dwelling units A, B, and C. In this embodiment, the stored power is power obtained by the solar power generation device 3, and therefore performing this process further improves the self-consumption rate. In this case, the control device 12 does not receive power from the commercial power source 20, and can cover all of the power needs of the multiple dwelling units A, B, and C with stored power.

[0047] As described above, even when steps S11, S13, and S14 are performed, power is not supplied from the commercial power source and power from the storage battery is consumed. Therefore, the power supply system 1 of this embodiment achieves a high self-consumption rate. Note that even if the result of step S4 is negative (i.e., the amount of power generated is not enough to cover the power needs of all the dwelling units), the control device 12 performs steps S11 and onwards.

[0048] On the other hand, if the result of step S14 is negative, that is, if the amount of stored electricity plus the amount of generated electricity cannot cover the power needs of all of the dwelling units A, B, and C, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5 to distribute the stored electricity and generated electricity to each of the dwelling units A, B, and C in accordance with the allocation rules described above (step S16).The control device 12 also purchases the shortfall from the commercial power source 20 and supplies it to each of the dwelling units A, B, and C (step S17).

[0049] Thereafter, the control device 12 executes step S9. In this case, the electricity used in each of the dwelling units A, B, and C is a mixture of generated electricity, stored electricity (if available), and commercial electricity. In this case, the electricity charges for each of the dwelling units A, B, and C are determined, for example, according to the proportion of each type of electricity used.

[0050] The power supply system for an apartment building of this embodiment provides several advantages to each of the residents, the owner of the apartment building, and the power company (hereinafter simply referred to as the "company").

[0051] For example, the owner temporarily sells all of the electricity generated by the solar power generation device 3 to the business operator. The electricity selling price at this time is set to x yen. On the other hand, when a tenant moves into the apartment complex 2, the tenant enters into a contract to purchase electricity from the business operator. The tenant's electricity purchasing price is set to y yen, which is higher than the electricity selling price (x yen). This electricity purchasing price y yen is preferably set to be lower than the electricity purchasing price z yen of the electric power company 21.

[0052] According to the above business model, the owner of apartment complex 2 can earn a profit by selling electricity. Residents can also use electricity at low rates. Moreover, because the majority of that electricity is generated using natural energy, residents can also contribute to the social goal of reducing the burden on the global environment. This increases the occupancy rate of the apartment complex, which in turn increases the investment return on the apartment complex. Furthermore, the operator, as an electric power company, can purchase the generated electricity from the owner and supply it to residents, earning a profit of yx yen from the difference in unit price. Furthermore, because such apartment complexes can be expected to have a high investment return, if the operator also acts as a housing provider, there is the advantage of being able to sell more apartment complexes.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and includes equivalents thereof.

[0054] [Note] The present disclosure includes the following aspects.

[0055] [Disclosure 1] A power supply system for an apartment building including a plurality of dwelling units, A solar power generation system shared by multiple residences, a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and a commercial power source; a second distribution board provided in each of the dwelling units and receiving power from the first distribution board; a first power amount measuring tool for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device; a plurality of second energy metering devices for measuring the energy consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units; a control device connected to the first distribution board, the first power meter, and the second power meter; The control device compares the total amount of power consumption of the plurality of dwelling units with the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device, When the total amount of power consumption is equal to or less than the amount of power generation, the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units, and When the total power usage exceeds the power generation amount, the first distribution board is controlled so that the generated power is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units in accordance with a predetermined allocation rule. Power supply system for an apartment building. [Disclosure 2] The power supply system for an apartment building described in Disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the more power a dwelling unit uses, the more generated power is supplied to it. [Disclosure 3] The power supply system for an apartment building described in Disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the more electricity usage each of the multiple dwelling units has, aggregated over a predetermined period, the more generated electricity is supplied to that dwelling unit. [Disclosure 4] The power supply system for an apartment building described in Disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the larger the floor area of ​​a dwelling unit, the more generated power is supplied. [Disclosure 5] Further comprising one or more heat pump water heaters, At least one of the water heaters is a shared water heater for supplying hot water to a plurality of the dwelling units, A power supply system for an apartment building described in any one of Disclosures 1 to 4, wherein the control device, when it determines that there is excess generated power, causes the shared water heater to perform boiling operation using the generated power. [Disclosure 6] Further comprising a storage battery connected to the first distribution board, The power supply system for an apartment building described in any one of Disclosures 1 to 5, wherein the control device causes the generated power to be stored in the storage battery when it is determined that there is surplus power in the generated power. [Disclosure 7] An apartment building equipped with the power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 of the present disclosure and the solar power generation device. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1. Power supply system 2 Apartment complex 3. Solar power generation equipment 3c storage battery 4A Shared water heater 5. First distribution board 6. Second distribution board 7. First power measuring device 8. Second power measuring device 12 Control device 20 Commercial power supply A, B, C dwelling units

Claims

1. A power supply system for an apartment building including a plurality of dwelling units, A solar power generation system shared by multiple residences, a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and a commercial power source; a second distribution board provided in each of the dwelling units and receiving power from the first distribution board; a first power amount measuring tool for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device; a plurality of second energy metering devices for measuring the energy consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units; a control device connected to the first distribution board, the first power amount measuring device, and the second power amount measuring device; and one or more heat pump water heaters, At least one of the water heaters is a shared water heater for supplying hot water to a plurality of the dwelling units, The control device compares the total amount of power consumption of the plurality of dwelling units with the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device, When the total amount of power consumption is equal to or less than the amount of power generation, the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units, and When the total amount of power usage exceeds the amount of power generation, the first distribution board is controlled so that the generated power is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units in accordance with a predetermined allocation rule; When it is determined that there is surplus power in the generated power, the generated power is used to cause the shared water heater to perform a boiling operation. Power supply system for an apartment building.

2. The power supply system for an apartment building according to claim 1 , wherein the allocation rule is such that the greater the power consumption of a dwelling unit, the greater the amount of generated power that is supplied.

3. 2. The power supply system for an apartment building as described in claim 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the greater the power consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units, as calculated over a predetermined period, the greater the amount of generated power that is supplied to that dwelling unit.

4. The power supply system for an apartment building according to claim 1 , wherein the allocation rule is such that the larger the floor area of ​​a dwelling unit, the more of the generated power that is supplied.

5. Further comprising a storage battery connected to the first distribution board, 5. The power supply system for an apartment building according to claim 1, wherein the control device causes the storage battery to store the generated power when it determines that there is a surplus in the generated power.

6. An apartment building equipped with a power supply system described in any one of claims 1 to 5 and the solar power generation device.

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