Wall structures and exterior structures

Abstract

To provide a wall structure which has excellent maintainability when replacing face materials, and has excellent design and good workability, and can reduce manufacturing costs.SOLUTION: A wall structure 1 includes vertical members 31 and 32 or horizontal members 5 and 10, face members 2 whose vertical or horizontal ends are supported by the vertical or horizontal members directly or via receiving members 33, and covering materials 41 and 42 that cover the vertical or horizontal ends of the face members 2, the vertical members or the horizontal members or the receiving members have first engaging parts 31a and 32a on the contact surface with the vertical or horizontal ends of the face materials, the cover materials have second engaging parts 41a and 42a that engage with the first engaging parts on the back surface side, the first engaging parts and the second engaging parts are engaged or disengaged by sliding relatively in the vertical or horizontal direction along the surface direction of the face materials.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0006] , , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall structure and an external structure including the same.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as a wall structure such as a waist wall used in a building, a wall structure in which a facing material is disposed between column members is known. In order to conceal a fixing portion of the facing material of such a wall structure, a cover material is used. The cover material is fixed, for example, by a structure that engages with a part of a wall surface or a column member.

[0003] As a fixing method of the cover material, for example, a method of engaging by applying a pushing force in a direction perpendicular to a column member or a wall surface can be mentioned. As this type of technology, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology related to a cover material in which a leg portion of the cover material is inserted into a fitting portion provided in a base material and engaged.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in the fixing method disclosed in Patent Document 1, removal of the facing material due to maintenance or the like is not necessarily assumed, and the cover material is difficult to remove. Further, since a certain length is required for the fitting portion, the cover material protrudes from the wall surface and the design property is impaired.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a wall structure that is excellent in maintainability and design property during facing material replacement, has good workability, and can reduce manufacturing costs.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The present invention relates to a wall structure comprising vertical or horizontal members, a surface material whose vertical or horizontal end is supported directly by the vertical or horizontal member or via a support member, and a cover material that covers the vertical or horizontal end of the surface material, wherein the vertical or horizontal member or the support member has a first engaging portion on the surface that contacts the vertical or horizontal end of the surface material, and the cover material has a second engaging portion on its back side that engages with the first engaging portion, and the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are engaged or disengaged by sliding relative to each other in the vertical or horizontal direction along the surface direction of the surface material. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a schematic perspective view showing an external structure having a wall structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic perspective view showing the wall structure according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3(A) is a cross-sectional view showing the first and second engaging parts of this embodiment. Figure 3(B) is a diagram showing the state when the first and second engaging parts are engaged, and Figure 3(B) is a diagram showing the state when the first and second engaging parts are disengaged. [Figure 4] Figure 4(A) is a cross-sectional view showing the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion according to this embodiment. Figure 4(B) is a diagram showing the state when the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are engaged, and Figure 4(B) is a diagram showing the state when the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are disengaged. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing details of the first and second engaging portions of the wall structure according to this embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an external structure B having a wall structure 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment. Figures 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion according to this embodiment.

[0010] First, the overall configuration of the external structure B having the wall structure 1 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in Figure 1, the external structure B according to this embodiment is a terrace enclosure and has a wall structure 1, a pair of side wall sections 3a, and a roof section 6, and is equipped with an interposed structure 18 between it and the outer wall T1 of the building body T.

[0011] The wall structure 1 of the exterior structure B is spaced at a predetermined distance from the outer wall T1 in which openings such as sash windows of the main building T are formed, and is arranged substantially parallel to the outer wall T1. The wall structure 1 comprises a low wall section 2a made of a facing material 2, etc., and a light-transmitting wall section 11 above the low wall section 2a.

[0012] The parapet section 2a is installed using the front beam 10 and the column members 32 and support posts 7 that are placed at predetermined intervals. The column members 32 and support posts 7 are fixed to the foundation driven into the ground with anchor rods or the like (not shown). In addition, deck material 12 is placed on top of the support posts 7 to form the floor surface.

[0013] The light-transmitting wall section 11 is composed of a transom 5, a column 32, and a front frame 16 that is erected and connected to the upper end of the column 32, and a front panel 19 made of a light-transmitting material such as a glass plate or polycarbonate is arranged thereon.

[0014] In this embodiment, the pair of side walls 3a of the exterior structure B are appropriately configured with windows, folding doors, doors, etc., on which panels made of light-transmitting material similar to that of the light-transmitting wall 11 are arranged.

[0015] The roof section 6 of the exterior structure B is composed of multiple rafters 9, each having one end connected to a rafter hanger 8 and the other end connected to a front frame 16, arranged at predetermined intervals, and intermediate structural members 14 connecting the rafters 9. The roofing material 13 that constitutes the roof surface is a panel made of the same light-transmitting material as the light-transmitting wall section 11 and the side wall section 3a.

[0016] The mounting structure 18 is composed of a frame body with its lower end buried in the ground, and is arranged along the outer wall T1 between the building main body T and the external structure B.

[0017] [First Embodiment] Next, the configuration of the wall structure 1 of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment. FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment includes a facing material 2, intermediate column members 31 and end column members 32 as vertical members, an intermediate cover material 41, an end cover material 42, and a joint 5.

[0018] The facing material 2 is a plate-like member fixed to the intermediate column 31 and the end column 32 as vertical members to form a wall surface. As shown in FIGS. ️ 3 and 4, the lateral ends of the facing material 2 abut against the abutting portions 31b and 32b of the intermediate column 31 and the end column 32, and are fixed and supported to the intermediate column 31 and the end column 32 by fixtures such as bolts and screws (not shown). Note that, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2, the facing material 2 is fixed not only to the front side of the intermediate column 31 but also to the back side thereof.

[0019] The intermediate column member 31 as a vertical member has a prismatic shape as shown in FIG. 2, and the facing material 2 is directly fixed and supported on the front side and the back side. As shown in FIG. 3, on the contact surface 31F of the intermediate column member 31 with the facing material 2, a first engaging portion 31a that engages with a second engaging portion 41a described later and an abutting portion 31b that abuts against the facing material 2 are provided.

[0020] The end column member 32 as a vertical member has a prismatic shape as shown in FIG. 2, and as shown in FIG. 4, it includes a strip-shaped receiving member 33 that extends in the vertical direction on the side surface adjacent to the vertical member side, that is, the side surface on the intermediate column member 31 side in FIG. 2. That is, the facing material 2 is supported by the end column member 32 via the receiving member 33. The contact surface 32F of the support member 33 with the facing material 2 is provided with a first engaging portion 32a that engages with a second engaging portion 42a (described later) and a contact portion 32b that contacts the facing material 2 and fixes it in place. Since the facing material 2 is fixed to the contact portion 32b of the support member 33, the external force that the facing material 2 receives in the horizontal direction relative to the surface is transmitted to the end column member 32 via the support member 33, thereby improving the strength of the wall structure 1.

[0021] By forming the contact portions 31b and 32b between the intermediate column members 31 and end column members 32, which serve as vertical members, and the facing material 2 as steps protruding to the outside of the wall surface, a space can be secured for positioning the first engaging portions 31a and 32a in the recessed area on the opposite side of the facing material, thereby minimizing surface irregularities including the cover material and maintaining aesthetic appeal. Furthermore, when fixing the facing material 2, it is only necessary to align the lateral end of the facing material 2 with the lateral end of the recess, making it easy to position the facing material 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, the intermediate column member 31, the end column member 32, and the support member 33 are made of aluminum, for example, and the contact surface 31F including the first engaging portion 31a is formed by extrusion molding or the like as an integral member with the intermediate column member 31 without any breaks in the vertical direction. This eliminates the need to attach other members with engaging parts to the intermediate column member 31, thus simplifying the construction procedure and reducing manufacturing costs. The support member 33 may also be manufactured as an integral part of the end column member 32.

[0023] The intermediate cover material 41 is positioned to cover the lateral end of the facing material 2 fixed to the intermediate column material 31, that is, the contact area between the facing material 2 and the intermediate column material 31, and to be in contact with both the facing material 2 and the intermediate column material 31. As shown in Figure 3(B), the intermediate cover material 41 is positioned to cover both the lateral ends of adjacent facing materials 2. As shown in Figure 3, the intermediate cover material 41 has a second engaging portion 41a on its back side that engages with the first engaging portion 31a, and is fixed in place when the second engaging portion 41a engages with the first engaging portion 31a.

[0024] The end cover material 42, like the intermediate cover material 41, covers the lateral end of the surface material 2 fixed to the end column material 32, and is positioned in contact with the surface material 2 and the support material 33 on the end column material 32. As shown in Figure 4, the end cover material 42 has a second engaging portion 42a on its back side that engages with the first engaging portion 32a, and is fixed by the engagement of the second engaging portion 42a with the first engaging portion 32a. One end of the end cover material 42 and the side surface of the end column material 32 on which the receiving material 33 is provided come into contact when the engaging portions are engaged with each other. For this reason, the length of the end cover material 42 extending from the engaging portion toward the end column material 32 is shorter than that of the intermediate cover material 41.

[0025] In this embodiment, the intermediate cover material 41 and the end cover material 42 are made of aluminum, for example, and the second engaging portions 41a and 42a are formed as integral members with the intermediate cover material 41 and the end cover material 42, respectively, without any breaks in the vertical direction. As a result, similar to the intermediate column material 31 and the end column material 32, the construction procedure can be simplified and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2, the transom 5 has a roughly rectangular prism shape, is horizontally mounted on top of the facing material 2 and the intermediate column material 31, and both ends are joined to the sides of the end column material 32.

[0027] Next, the configurations of the first and second engaging parts will be described in detail. Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a. As shown in Figure 5, the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a have an L-shaped cross-section, and these L-shaped structures are arranged to open in directions opposite to each other. The second engaging portion 41a is engaged or disengaged by sliding it laterally relative to the second engaging portion 41a along the surface direction of the surface material 2.

[0028] A projection 31c is formed at the tip of the first engaging portion 31a, projecting in an arc shape toward the base material. Similarly, a projection 41c is also formed at the tip of the second engaging portion 41a, projecting in an arc shape toward the base material. Further toward the tip of the projection 41c, a slanted surface 41d is formed, inclined toward the outside of the cover material 41. In other words, the slanted surface 41d is formed so that the tip of the second engaging portion 41a opens widely. Although the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a were used as examples in the above explanation, the first engaging portion 32a and the second engaging portion 42a have the same configuration as described above.

[0029] Next, the operation of engaging or disengaging the intermediate cover material 41 and the end cover material 42 with the intermediate column material 31 and the end column material 32 will be described.

[0030] The operation of engaging the intermediate cover material 41 with the intermediate column material 31 is performed as follows. First, as shown in Figure 3(A), the intermediate cover material 41 is brought close to the intermediate column material 31 so that the opening direction of the second engaging portion 41a and the opening direction of the first engaging portion 31a are opposite each other. Next, the tip of the second engaging portion 41a is inserted behind the tip of the first engaging portion 31a, that is, into the base material side of the intermediate column member 31.

[0031] Next, by applying force in one direction parallel to the contact surface between the intermediate cover material 41 and the surface material 2, that is, in the direction of the opening of the L-shaped cross-section of the intermediate cover material 41 (arrow direction in Figure 3(A)), the cover material 41 is slid to move, causing the protrusions 31c, 41c formed at the tips of the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a to move over each other and engage.

[0032] Furthermore, the operation to disengage the intermediate cover material 41 from the intermediate column material 31 is performed by applying force in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned direction (the direction of the arrow in Figure 3(B)) to slide the cover material 41, thereby disengaging the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a, as shown in Figure 3(B).

[0033] The operation of engaging and disengaging the end cover material 42 with the end column material 32 can also be performed in the same manner as described above, as shown in Figure 4. Although one end of the end cover material 42 and the side surface of the end column material 32 on which the receiving material 33 is provided are in contact in an engaged state, the disengagement operation can be performed by inserting a tool or the like into the contact point and applying force in the other direction (in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4(B)).

[0034] In the engagement operation described above, as shown in Figure 5, a slanted portion 41d is formed at the tip of the second engagement portion 41a and is widely open, so the tip of the second engagement portion 41a can be easily inserted behind the tip of the first engagement portion 31a. In the above engagement operation, the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a engage by overcoming each other's projections 31c, 41c formed at their respective ends, so that even if some external force is applied to the cover material 41, the cover material 41 will not come off.

[0035] Since the tip of the first engaging portion 31a and the tip of the second engaging portion 41a are formed with protrusions 31c and 41c that project toward the base material, the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a engage by contacting each other over a narrow area at the tips of their respective protrusions 31c and 41c. Therefore, compared to cases where the inner surfaces of the engaging portions abut against each other to engage, less force is required for engagement and disengagement operations, and engagement and disengagement operations can be performed even if there are slight dimensional errors in the members. In addition, differences in engagement force are less likely to occur. Furthermore, since the protrusions 31c and 41c are formed in an arc shape, there is less resistance when overcoming each other's protrusions, allowing for easy engagement and disengagement operations. In addition, deformation of the members during engagement and disengagement operations can be minimized, and the members can be reused.

[0036] The effects of the first engaging portion 31a and the second engaging portion 41a described above can be similarly obtained for the first engaging portion 32a and the second engaging portion 42a, which have a similar configuration.

[0037] [Second Embodiment] Next, the configuration of the wall structure of the second embodiment will be described. The wall structure 1 of the first embodiment described above is provided with an intermediate column member 31 and an end column member 32 as vertical members, and the facing material 2 is supported on the vertical members either directly or via a support member. The wall structure of the second embodiment corresponds to the configuration of the wall structure of the first embodiment rotated 90 degrees vertically, and the facing material 2 is supported either directly by the horizontal members of the wall structure or via supporting members. As examples of the horizontal members of the wall structure according to this embodiment, the front beam 10 and transom 5 in Figure 1 will be described below.

[0038] The front beam 10 and transom 5, which serve as horizontal members, have a prismatic shape as shown in Figure 1, and the facing members 2 are fixed and supported on their front and back sides. In addition, a support member having a similar configuration to the support member 33 provided on the end column member 32, as shown in Figure 4, is provided as a strip-shaped support member extending from the side of the adjacent horizontal member. That is, the vertical ends of the facing members 2 are fixed and supported to the front beam 10 and transom 5, which serve as horizontal members, via the support member, similar to the end column member 32 in Figure 4.

[0039] Furthermore, the receiving member is provided with a first engaging portion that engages with a second engaging portion provided on a cover member having the same configuration as the end cover member 42. The cover member covers the vertical end of the surface material 2 and is positioned in contact with the surface material 2 and the receiving member. The cover material is fixed to the receiving material by the engagement of a second engaging portion provided on the cover material with a first engaging portion provided on the receiving material.

[0040] The second engaging portion provided on the cover material and the first engaging portion provided on the receiving material have an L-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape with openings facing each other in the vertical direction. Figures 3 to 5 are horizontal cross-sectional views of the first and second engaging portions of the first embodiment, which correspond to vertical cross-sectional views of the first and second engaging portions of this embodiment. By sliding the second engaging portion provided on the cover material relatively in the vertical direction along the surface direction of the surface material 2, the cover material is engaged with or disengaged from the receiving material.

[0041] In addition, a panel 2 divided into two sections vertically may be placed between the front beam 10 and the transom 5, which serve as the horizontal members, and a horizontal member having the same configuration as the intermediate column member 31 may also be provided. In this case, the vertical end of the panel 2 is directly fixed and supported to the horizontal member having the same configuration as the intermediate column member 31. Furthermore, the horizontal member is provided with a first engaging portion similar to that of the intermediate column member 31, and the first engaging portion engages with a second engaging portion provided on a cover material having the same configuration as the intermediate cover material 41. As a result, the cover material covers and fixes the vertical end of the panel 2.

[0042] Since the wall structure according to the second embodiment described above has the same configuration as the wall structure according to the first embodiment described above, the same effects as the wall structure according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0043] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified as appropriate.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the wall structure 1 was described as being used for a terrace enclosure, but it is not limited to this. For example, the wall structure 1 can also be used for other exterior structures such as garden rooms, or for wall structures such as fences that do not have a light-transmitting wall section 11.

[0045] In the first embodiment described above, the contact surface between the end column member 32 and the facing material 2 is formed on a strip-shaped receiving material 33 that extends vertically toward the adjacent column member 31, but the embodiment is not limited to this configuration. The contact surface of the end column member 32 can also be formed on any surface of the end column member 32 with the same configuration as the intermediate column member 31. In this case, a reinforcing member may be provided separately on the outside of the end column member 32.

[0046] In the first embodiment described above, the intermediate column member 31, end column member 32, support member 33, intermediate cover member 41, and end cover member 42 were described as being made of aluminum, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the above members can also be made from other materials such as metals or resins that can be integrally molded. The second embodiment is similar.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the first and second engaging portions are formed seamlessly in the vertical direction of the intermediate column member 31, the receiving member 33, and the cover members 41 and 42, but the configuration is not limited to this. The first and second engaging portions can also be formed on a part of the column member, horizontal member, or cover member in the vertical or horizontal direction.

[0048] In the above embodiment, a sloped portion is provided at the tip of the projection of the second engaging portion, but the configuration is not limited to this. A sloped portion can also be provided at the tip of the projection of the first engaging portion, or sloped portions can be provided at the tips of the projections of both engaging portions. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0049] 1. Wainscoting (wall structure) 2-sided material 31 Intermediate support members (vertical members) 31F Contact surface 32 End column material (vertical member) 32F Contact surface 33 Support material 31a, 32a 1st engagement part 31b, 32b Contact part 41. Intermediate cover material (cover material) 42 End cover material (cover material) 41a, 42a 2nd engaging part 31c, 41c protrusion 5. Uncut (horizontal member) 10 Front girder (cross member)

Claims

1. Vertical or horizontal members, A surface material whose vertical end is supported by the horizontal member, or whose horizontal end is supported by the vertical member, either directly or via a support member, A wall structure comprising a contact portion between the vertical end of the surface material and the horizontal member, or a cover material that covers the contact portion between the horizontal end and the vertical member, The surface material is sandwiched in the thickness direction between the vertical member, the horizontal member, or the support member and the cover material. The cover material is positioned on the exterior side of the wall structure, The vertical member or horizontal member or the receiving member has a first engaging portion on the contact surface with the vertical or horizontal end of the surface material. The cover material has a second engaging portion on its back side that engages with the first engaging portion. The first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are engaged or disengaged by sliding relative to each other in the vertical direction along the surface direction of the surface material when the vertical end of the surface material is supported by the horizontal member, and are engaged or disengaged by sliding relative to each other in the horizontal direction along the surface direction of the surface material when the horizontal end of the surface material is supported by the vertical member. The aforementioned vertical or horizontal member or the aforementioned support member has a recessed area on the inner side of the wall structure, The first engaging portion has an L-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape including a vertical portion extending perpendicularly from the inner surface of the recess parallel to the surface when the vertical end of the surface material is supported by the horizontal member, and a portion continuous with the vertical portion and extending toward the second engaging portion, and the first engaging portion has an L-shaped cross-sectional shape including a vertical portion extending perpendicularly from the inner surface of the recess parallel to the surface material and a portion continuous with the vertical portion and extending toward the second engaging portion, The first and second engaging portions have an L-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape that opens to each other in the vertical direction when the vertical end of the surface material is supported by the horizontal member, and an L-shaped cross-sectional shape that opens to each other in the horizontal direction when the horizontal end of the surface material is supported by the vertical member, and each end has a projection that engages with each other. A wall structure in which, in the recess, a space is provided between the second engaging portion that engages with the first engaging portion and the inner surface of the recess, allowing the cover material to slide easily.

2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical or horizontal member positioned between the pair of facing members directly supports the pair of facing members and has the first engaging portion.

3. The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the end face in the vertical or horizontal direction of the facing material is positioned at the end in the vertical or horizontal direction of the recess.

4. The aforementioned vertical member or the aforementioned horizontal member has the aforementioned support member, The surface material is supported at its vertical end by the horizontal member via the support member, or at its horizontal end by the vertical member via the support member. The aforementioned vertical member or horizontal member has a hollow structure, The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the horizontal cross section of the support member of the horizontal member, or the vertical cross section of the support member of the vertical member, is substantially U-shaped, and the substantially U-shaped opening of the support member is arranged to open in the in-plane direction of the surface material and toward the opposite side from the horizontal member or the vertical member.

5. An external structure having a wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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