Building panels with a locking system

Abstract

A set of building panels including a first mechanical locking system on each of opposite first and second edges. The first mechanical locking system includes a tongue-and-groove on one of the opposite first and second edges, the tongue-and-groove configured to receive a locking tongue on the other of the first and second edges for vertical locking of the adjacent, essentially identical panels in an assembled position. The locking tongue has an essentially horizontal and / or upward-facing upper surface. A second mechanical locking system is formed on each of opposite third and fourth edges. The second mechanical locking system includes a wedge groove on one of the third and fourth edges, the wedge groove configured to receive a displaceable locking tongue for vertical locking of the adjacent, essentially identical panels in an assembled position. The displaceable locking tongue is configured to displace in a displacement groove on the other of the third and fourth edges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building panels. In particular, aspects of the present disclosure relate to a locking system for building panels. More particularly, some aspects of the present disclosure relate to the fluid permeability of such a locking system.

Background Art

[0002] Building panels are known that include a first mechanical locking system for assembling adjacent panels in a locked position by folding displacement, typically along long edges located on opposite sides. Panels are also known that include a second mechanical locking system for assembling adjacent panels in a locked position by vertical displacement of a displaceable locking tongue, typically along short edges located on opposite sides.

[0003] While such known panels may represent a fully functional building panel, there is still room for improvement in the art.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of at least embodiments of the present disclosure is to mitigate or at least alleviate to some extent the drawbacks of known systems.

[0005] In a first embodiment, a building panel, such as a floor panel, is provided, which includes a first mechanical locking system at each of the first and second edges located on opposite sides, such as a long edge. The first mechanical locking system includes a tongue groove at one of the first or second edges located on opposite sides, configured to receive a locking tongue at the other of the first or second edge, preferably by folding displacement, for vertical locking adjacent, essentially identical panels at the assembly position. The locking tongue includes an essentially horizontal, preferably upward-facing, upper surface. A second mechanical locking system is formed at each of the third and fourth edges located on opposite sides, such as a short edge. The second mechanical locking system includes a wedge groove at one of the third or fourth edges, configured to receive a displaceable locking tongue at the vertical locking of adjacent, essentially identical panels at the assembly position, preferably by vertical displacement, such as a vertical fold. The displaceable locking tongue is configured to displace in a displacement groove provided at the other of the third or fourth edge. In one embodiment, the displacement groove includes an upper wall. Preferably, the upper wall is positioned vertically below the upper surface of the locking tongue.

[0006] In a second embodiment, a set of building panels according to any of the embodiments is provided.

[0007] These and other embodiments, features, and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will become apparent and clarified from the detailed description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] These and other embodiments, features and advantages of the embodiments of the disclosure are evident and made clear from the following description of the embodiments of the disclosure, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are shown in those drawings. [Figure 1A] Figure 1A is a top view of a set of panels assembled using known techniques. [Figure 1B] Figure 1B shows a detailed view A' of Figure 1A. [Figure 2A] Figure 2A is a perspective view of the known panel shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 2B] Figure 2B shows a detailed B' of Figure 2A. [Figure 3A] Figure 3A is another perspective view of the known panel shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 3B] Figure 3B shows a detailed view C' of Figure 3A. [Figure 4A] Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of the first locking system of a known panel. [Figure 4B] Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the second locking system of a known panel. [Figure 5A] Figure 5A is a cross-sectional view of the first locking system of a panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 5B] Figure 5B is a cross-sectional view of the second locking system of the panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 6A] Figure 6A is a top view of a set of assembled panels according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 6B] Figure 6B shows a detailed view A of Figure 6A. [Figure 7A] Figure 7A is a perspective view of the panel shown in Figure 6A. [Figure 7B] Figure 7B shows a detailed view B of Figure 7A. [Figure 8A] Figure 8A is another perspective view of the panel shown in Figure 6A. [Figure 8B] Figure 8B shows a detailed view C of Figure 8A. [Figure 9A] Figure 9A is a cross-sectional view of the first locking system in the assembled position according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 9B] Figure 9B is a cross-sectional view of the second locking system in the assembled position according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 10A] Figure 10A is a cross-sectional view of the first locking system in the position where it is assembled, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Figure 10B]Figure 10B is a cross-sectional view of the second locking system in the assembled position according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Specific embodiments of the disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so as to ensure that this disclosure is detailed and complete and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the detailed description of the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the disclosure. In the drawings, similar numbers refer to similar elements.

[0010] Figures 1A and 1B show a set of known panels 1' assembled in a locked position and positioned with the front surface 15' facing the viewer. Figure 4A shows details of the known building panel 1'. For horizontal and vertical locking of adjacent panels by folding displacement, a first mechanical locking system 50' is formed on each of the first edge 11' and second edge 12' of panel 1', e.g., the long edge. The second edge 12' includes a locking tongue 121' configured to be received in a tongue groove 111' by a folding displacement means for vertical locking of the panel.

[0011] Figure 4B shows further details of a known building panel 1'. A second mechanical locking system 60' is formed on the third edge 13' and fourth edge 14' of panel 1', for example, the short edge, respectively, for horizontal and vertical locking of adjacent panels by vertical displacement.

[0012] The second mechanical locking system 60' may include a wedge groove portion 141' configured to receive a displaceable locking tongue portion 131' of the other of the third edge or the fourth edge 13', 14' for vertical locking of adjacent panels in the assembled position at one of the third edge or the fourth edge 13', 14'.

[0013] The displaceable locking tongue portion 131' may be configured to displace in a displacement groove portion 133' of the other of the third edge or the fourth edge 13', 14'. For the purpose of more clearly conveying the features of the known building panel 1', the displaceable locking tongue portion 131' is omitted in FIGS. 2B and 4B showing the known panel 1'.

[0014] The displacement groove portion 133 may be inclined upward toward the front surface 15 of the panel 1 in a direction into the displacement groove portion / toward the center of the panel 1, or may be inclined downward in a vertical direction V toward the back surface 16 of the panel 1.

[0015] As schematically shown in FIG. 1B, when assembled at the position locked by the second mechanical locking system 60', a space 5' is formed in the longitudinal direction between the locking tongue portions 121' of each panel. The space 5' is formed between a first portion 1213' at the first end of the locking tongue portion 121' and a second portion 1214' at the opposite second end of the locking tongue portion 121' of the adjacent panel 2 when the adjacent panels are assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60'. The space 5' may typically be about 4.5 mm, or may approximately correspond to the size of the upper wall 135' of the displacement groove portion 133'. The starting point of the space 5' may be the result of the vertical position of one or more features of the first and / or second locking systems 50', 60' such as the locking tongue portion 121' and the displacement groove portion 133'. In particular, the space 5' may be the result of the manufacture of such features of the first and / or second locking systems 50', 60'.

[0016] In non-limiting examples, the locking systems 50', 60' may be formed by feeding panel 1' past one or more cutting tools, such as a rotary cutting tool, in the feeding direction, so that one or more cutting tools form at least part of the locking system along one of the edges 11', 12', 13', 14'.

[0017] As a result, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, the first locking system 50' and the second locking system 60' may overlap at each corner of panel 1'. In particular, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, at least a portion of the first locking system 50' and the second locking system 60' may intersect at each corner of panel 1'.

[0018] Referring to Figures 4A-4B, the formation of a displacement groove 133', which may involve cutting material from the panel to create a space for the material, may occur in a gap where it intersects or crosses the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121', such as at the corner B' between the second edge 12' and the third edge 13', as shown in Figure 2A.

[0019] For the purpose of conveying known technology, the protrusion H1' schematically shows the protrusion on the upper surface 122' of the locking tongue 121' (i.e., the protrusion along the upper surface 122') in the length direction or longitudinal direction L of the panel.

[0020] The protruding portion W2' schematically represents the protruding portion of the upper wall 135' of the displacement groove 133' in the width direction or lateral direction T of the panel (i.e., the protruding portion along the upper wall 135').

[0021] The protruding portion W1' schematically represents the protruding portion of the inner wall 136' of the displacement groove 133' in the width direction or lateral direction T of the panel (i.e., the protruding portion along the inner wall 136').

[0022] The protruding portion O1' schematically represents the protruding portion of the opening 137' of the displacement groove 133'. The opening 137' is formed by the outermost edge of the lower wall 134 and the outermost edge of the upper wall 135 of the displacement groove 133'.

[0023] Derivable, the protrusions W2' and H1' intersect, meaning that a portion of the locking tongue 121' including the upper surface 122' could not be formed or was cut off during manufacturing, thereby forming a gap 5'. The gap 5' may comprise a first portion 5a' and typically a second portion 5b', as described herein. As a result, if adjacent panels are assembled along a short edge, as shown in Figure 1B, a substantial gap 5' may exist between the upper surfaces 122' of each locking tongue 121' of the adjacent panels. Therefore, fluid moving from the upper surface 15' to one or more locking tongues 121' may penetrate through the joining edge 12' of the first locking system 50', such as when combined with the first edge 11' of the adjacent panel. Therefore, the fluid may move from the front surface 15' to the back surface 16' of the panel, for example, under the action of gravity.

[0024] In other words, displacement grooves 133' that may be formed by one or more cutting tools, such as rotary cutting tools, and thus constitute voids in a material such as the core material of a building panel 1', are formed at least partially in the space where the locking tongue 121' of the first locking system 50' would otherwise be formed in the core material. In particular, displacement grooves 133' may be formed at least partially in the space where at least a portion of the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121' of the first locking system 50' would otherwise be formed in the core material.

[0025] The projection O2' schematically represents the projection of the opening 144' of the wedge groove 141' in the lateral direction T of panel 1'. The opening 144' is formed by the upper outermost edge 142' and the lower outermost edge 143' of the wedge groove 141'. Derivable, the projection O2' and projection H1' intersect, which is accompanied by the fact that a portion of the locking tongue 121', including a portion of the upper surface 122', could not be formed due to lack of material or was cut off during the manufacture of the displacement groove. This may form a second portion 5b' of the gap 5'. As a result, as shown in Figure 1B, when two panels are assembled along a short edge, a second portion 5b' of the gap 5' may be formed between the respective upper surfaces 122' of the locking tongue 121' of adjacent panels. As a result, fluid moving from the upper surface 15' to one or more locking tongues 121' may permeate through the joining edge 12' of the first locking system 50', for example, when combined with the first edge 11' of an adjacent third panel (not shown).

[0026] Referring again to Figures 4A-4B, the distance D1' between the upper surface 15' of panel 1' and the upper surface 122' of the locking tongue portion 121' is greater than the distance D3' between the upper surface 15' of panel 1' and the upper edge 142' of the wedge groove portion 141'. As a result, as shown in Figure 3B, the projection H1' of the upper surface 122' in the longitudinal direction L of panel 1' intersects with the projection O2' of the wedge groove portion 141' at a corner C' in the lateral direction T of the panel. Here, corner C' may be the corner between the first locking system 50' of the second edge 12' and the second locking system 60' of the fourth edge 14'. Thus, when the wedge groove portion 141' is formed, at least a portion of the upper surface 122' is cut off by one or more cutting tools (not shown).

[0027] Therefore, from Figure 2B, it can be deduced that the upper surface 122' of the displacement groove 133' and the upper wall 135' intersect in three-dimensional space such as X, Y, and Z.

[0028] From Figure 4B, it can be deduced again that the upper wall 135' and the upper surface 122' of the displacement groove 133' intersect in a two-dimensional space such as the XZ plane, and therefore a portion of the upper surface 122' is cut off by forming the upper wall 135' of the displacement groove 133'.

[0029] Therefore, from Figure 3B, it can be deduced that the upper surface 122' and the wedge groove 141' intersect in three-dimensional space such as X, Y, and Z.

[0030] From Figure 4B, it can be deduced again that the upper surface 122' and the wedge groove 141' intersect in a two-dimensional space such as the XZ plane, and that a portion of the upper surface 122' is cut off by forming the wedge groove 141'.

[0031] Figures 5A-5B, 6A-6B, 7A-7B, 8A-8B, and 9A-9B show embodiments of Panel 1 according to exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

[0032] Panel 1 may be a floor panel, wall panel, ceiling panel, or furniture panel.

[0033] Panel 1 may include a core 3 containing a core material. The core may be particleboard, wood-based materials such as wood, HDF, MDF, etc.

[0034] Panel 1 may include one or more surface layers, such as veneer, a thermosetting adhesive containing melamine formaldehyde, but not limited to melamine formaldehyde, or a combination thereof. One or more of these surface layers may be provided above and / or below core 3.

[0035] Figure 5A shows details of a first mechanical locking system 50 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The first mechanical locking system 50 may be formed on the first edge 11 and second edge 12 of each panel 1, for example, on the long edge, for horizontal and vertical locking of adjacent panels by folding displacement. Figure 5B shows details of a second mechanical locking system 60 formed on the third edge 13 and fourth edge 14 of each panel 1, for example, on the short edge, for horizontal and vertical locking of adjacent panels by vertical displacement.

[0036] For the purpose of illustrating exemplary inventive aspects of the disclosure, the displaceable locking tongue 131 is omitted in Figures 5B and 7B. However, the displaceable locking tongue 131 is shown in Figure 9B.

[0037] Referring to Figures 5A-5B, the distance D2 between the upper wall 135 of the displacement groove, for example the uppermost part of the upper wall 135, and the front surface 15 is preferably greater than the distance D1 between the front surface 15 of panel 1 and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121. The formation of the displacement groove 133, which typically involves cutting material from the panel to create a gap in the material, does not create a gap at the location of the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121, for example at the corner B between the second edge 12 and the third edge 13, as shown in Figure 7A, where it intersects with the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0038] For the purpose of conveying exemplary inventive aspects of the disclosure, the projection H1 schematically shows the projection of the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 (i.e., the projection along the upper surface 122) in the longitudinal direction and / or longitudinal direction L of the panel.

[0039] The protruding portion W2 schematically represents, for example, a protruding portion of the upper wall 135 of the displacement groove 133 (i.e., a protruding portion along the upper wall 135) in the width direction W and / or lateral direction T of the panel 1.

[0040] The protruding portion W1 schematically represents, for example, a protruding portion of the inner wall 136 of the displacement groove 133 (i.e., a protruding portion along the inner wall 136) in the width direction W and / or lateral direction T of the panel 1.

[0041] The protruding portion O1 schematically represents the protruding portion of the opening 137 of the displacement groove portion 133 in the lateral direction T or width direction W of panel 1.

[0042] The opening 137 is formed by the outermost edge of the upper wall 135 and the outermost edge of the lower wall 134 of the displacement groove 133. As can be derived from Figure 7B, the projections W2 and H1 do not intersect, which means that a portion of the locking tongue 121, including the upper surface 122 located at the two-dimensional intersection from a vertical V viewpoint between the displacement groove 133 and the upper surface 122, can be formed and / or not cut off during the manufacturing of the displacement groove 133. Panel 1 may be viewed from above, facing the vertical viewpoint and its front surface 15. This can reduce the size of the second portion 5b of the gap 5, or preferably not be formed at all. As a result, when two panels 1, 2 are assembled along short edges 13, 14, as shown in Figure 6B, the transition between the upper surfaces 122 of each panel 1, 2 can be continuous such that there is essentially no gap between the upper surfaces 122 of the respective locking tongues 121 of adjacent panels 1, 2. As a result, the locking tongue portion 121, and in particular the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121, may be provided with a longer range in the longitudinal direction L, etc., compared to that of the known panel 1'. As shown here, the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 may be provided with a longer range, for example, in the longitudinal direction L, at the two opposite end portions, than that of the known panel 1'.

[0043] As a result, the locking tabs 121 of adjacent panels 1 and 2 can come into contact when they are configured in a position to be assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60.

[0044] As a result, the upper surfaces 122 of adjacent panels 1 and 2 can be made essentially continuous when configured in a position where they are assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60.

[0045] As a result, fluid that could transfer from the upper surface 15 to one or more locking tongues 121 may be substantially prevented from penetrating through the joining edge 12 of the first locking system 50, for example, when assembled together with the first edges 11 of adjacent panels, as shown in Figures 6A-6B, under the influence of gravity.

[0046] In other words, the displacement groove 133, which can be formed by one or more rotary cutting tools and is therefore a void material such as the core material of the building panel 1, is at least partially formed below the space in which the locking tongue 121 of the first locking system 50 is formed in the core material, and in particular below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0047] Figures 6A-6B show a set of panels 1 assembled in a locking position with the front surface 15 facing the viewer. The front surface 15 may be the front surface of a surface layer 15a, such as a decorative surface layer. A corresponding balancing layer 16a may be provided on the back surface opposite to panel 1.

[0048] Referring to Figures 6B, 7B, and 8B, the upper surfaces 122 of each adjacent panel 1, 2 may, advantageously, extend essentially continuously with respect to one another, as disclosed.

[0049] In the longitudinal direction of panel 1, the first end of the locking tongue portion 121 may include a first portion 1213.

[0050] In the longitudinal direction of panel 1, the second end of the locking tongue 121, which is opposite to the first end of the locking tongue 121, may include a second portion 1214.

[0051] The first portion 1213 of the locking tongue 121 may be the end portion and / or outer portion of the locking tongue 121, for example, the outermost part of the locking tongue 121, such as the end portion of the locking tongue 121 at the corner between the second edge 12 and the third edge 13. The first portion 1213 may comprise the outermost portion or edge of the upper surface 122.

[0052] The first portion 1213 of the locking tongue 121 may have a surface, such as an essentially vertical surface. The first portion 1213 may have an edge, such as the outermost edge of the locking tongue 121 and / or the outermost edge of the top surface 122.

[0053] The first part 1213 may have a surface and at least one edge.

[0054] The second portion 1214 of the locking tongue 121 may be the outermost part of the locking tongue 121, such as the outermost part of the locking tongue 121 at the corner between the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14. The second portion 1214 may comprise the outermost part or edge of the upper surface 122.

[0055] The second portion 1214 of the locking tongue 121 may have a surface, such as an essentially vertical surface. The second portion 1214 may have an edge, such as the outermost edge of the locking tongue 121 and / or the outermost edge of the top surface 122.

[0056] The second part 1214 may have a surface and at least one edge.

[0057] The first portion 1213 may have a first end at the first end of the locking tongue portion 121, for example, along the longitudinal direction L of panel 1 and / or along the X-axis.

[0058] The second portion 1214 may include a second end of the locking tongue 121 at the second opposite end in the longitudinal direction L and / or along the X-axis of panel 1, for example, the end of the locking tongue of panel 1 opposite to the first end of the locking tongue 121 of panel 1.

[0059] The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 may be in contact with adjacent panels 1 and 2 at the assembly position.

[0060] The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 may be pre-tensioned so that they press against each other, for example, at the positions where adjacent panels 1 and 2 are assembled.

[0061] The first portion 1213 and the second portion 1214 may be formed in the core material of panel 1.

[0062] The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 may be pre-tensioned so that they press against each other, for example, in such a way that the material of the core 3 deforms, at the position where adjacent panels 1 and 2 are assembled.

[0063] The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 may be configured to provide sufficient play DS to ensure that the respective surface layers 15a of the assembled panels 1 and 2 are continuous and / or not pulled apart.

[0064] Referring to Figure 7B, the first portion 1213 may be configured to be coplanar with the upper portion 138. The upper edge portion 138 may be continuous with the displacement groove portion 133.

[0065] Referring to Figure 8B, the second portion 1214 may be configured to be coplanar with the upper portion 148. The upper edge portion 148 may be continuous with the wedge groove portion 141.

[0066] The fluid can cause the core material 3 to swell, which can reduce the size of the play DS.

[0067] In some embodiments, when adjacent panels are assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60, such as due to manufacturing tolerances, it may be advantageous to design the panel 1 to obtain a small amount of play DS between the first part 1213 and the second part 1214.

[0068] In non-limiting examples, excessive pretension, or pre-applied tension, combined with a rigid core material, may result in contact between 1213 and 1214 that facilitates the pushing of the third and fourth edges of adjacent panels 1 and 2 away from each other when the panels 1 and 2 are assembled by the second locking system 60. As a result, grooves may be formed between the surface layers of the panels, which may distort the appearance of the floor and / or negatively affect its resistance to water permeability.

[0069] In any embodiment, the size of the play DS may be in the range of 0.00 to +0.50 mm, preferably 0 to +0.30 mm, for example, +0.03 to +0.15 mm, more preferably 0.00 to +0.05 mm.

[0070] In any embodiment, the size of the play DS can be in a negative range of at least partially -0.05 to +0.10 mm. Such a range may exhibit some degree of pretension.

[0071] The play DS can be adapted based on the material properties of core 3. The core material may be wood-based, HDF, MDF, etc. In particular, the degree of pretension can be adapted based on the hardness properties and / or swelling properties of core material 3.

[0072] The degree of pretension, i.e., the negative value of DS described above, may be adapted based on the properties of the core material 3. In particular, the degree of pretension may be adapted based on the hardness properties of the core material and / or the swelling properties of the core material and / or the deformation properties of the core material.

[0073] The upper wall 135 and / or lower wall 134 of the displacement groove 133 may be inclined toward the back surface 16 of the panel 1, for example.

[0074] In Figure 8B, projection O2 schematically represents the projection of the wedge groove opening 144 in the lateral direction T of panel 1. The wedge groove opening 144 is formed by the upper outermost edge 142 and the lower outermost edge 143 of the wedge groove 141. Derivable, projection O2 and projection H1 do not intersect, which means that when forming the wedge groove 141, a portion of the locking tongue 121 including the upper surface 122 can be formed or not cut off. As a result, as shown in Figure 6B, when the two panels are assembled along a short edge, the upper surfaces 122 of the respective locking tongues 121 of adjacent panels 1 and 2 can be essentially continuous, for example, directly continuous. In other words, the upper surfaces 122 of the respective locking tongues 121 of adjacent panels 1 and 2 can be essentially continuous when configured in a position to be assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60.

[0075] This substantially prevents fluid moving from the upper surface 15 to one or more locking tongues 121 from entering through the joint edge 12 of the first locking system 50, such as when it is combined with the first edge 11 of an adjacent panel.

[0076] Referring particularly to Figures 7B and 8B, axis X may be the principal axis, and the longitudinal or lengthwise direction of panel 1 may extend along the X axis. The Y axis may be the secondary axis, and the lateral or widthwise direction of panel 1 may extend along the Y axis. The Z axis may be the third axis, and the thickness direction of panel 1 may extend along the Z axis. X, Y, and Z may be orthogonal.

[0077] Therefore, referring to Figure 7B, the upper surface 122 of the displacement groove 133 and the upper wall 135 do not intersect in three-dimensional space such as X, Y, and Z.

[0078] Referring to Figure 5B, since the upper wall 135 and the upper surface 122 of the displacement groove 133 do not intersect in the two-dimensional space of the XZ plane, the upper wall 135 of the displacement groove 133 may be formed at corner B without cutting off the outermost part of the upper surface 122, or the outermost part of the upper surface 122 that overlaps with the upper wall 135 in the XY plane may be formed.

[0079] However, from Figure 7B, it can be deduced that the upper wall 135 and the upper surface 122 of the displacement groove 133 intersect in two-dimensional space in X and Y.

[0080] Referring to Figure 8B, the upper surface 122 and the wedge groove 141 do not intersect in the three-dimensional space of X, Y, Z.

[0081] However, from Figure 8B, it can be deduced that the upper surface 122 and the wedge groove 141 intersect in two-dimensional space in the X and Y directions.

[0082] Referring to Figure 5B, since the upper surface 122 and the wedge groove 141 do not intersect in the two-dimensional space of the XZ plane, the wedge groove 141 may be formed without cutting off the outermost part of the upper surface 122 at corner C, or the outermost part of the upper surface 122 that overlaps with the wedge groove 141 in the XY plane may be formed.

[0083] The upper surface 122 and upper wall 135 of the locking tongue portion 121 intersect or cross in two-dimensional space X,Y, but do not necessarily intersect or cross in three-dimensional space X,Y,Z.

[0084] Therefore, the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 and the wedge groove portion 141 intersect or cross in the two-dimensional space X,Y, but do not necessarily intersect or cross in the three-dimensional space X,Y,Z.

[0085] The displacement groove 133, and preferably the wedge groove 141, may be configured such that the upper surfaces 122 of adjacent panels 1 and 2 are essentially continuous when they are positioned to be assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60.

[0086] One advantage of the embodiments of the disclosure is that a joint system along a long edge, such as the first mechanical locking system 50, can be made more resilient to the penetration of fluids such as water.

[0087] Referring again to Figures 8A-8B, the distance D3 between the upper surface 15 of panel 1 and the upper and outermost edge 142 of the wedge groove 141 may preferably be greater than the distance D1 between the upper surface 15 of panel 1 and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121. As a result, as shown in Figure 8B, the projection H1 of the upper surface 122 in the longitudinal direction L of panel 1 does not have to intersect the projection O2 of the wedge groove 141 in the lateral direction T of panel at corner C. Here, corner C may be the corner between the first locking system 50 of the second edge 12 and the second locking system 60 of the fourth edge 14. Thus, the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 of the first mechanical locking system 50, which may be provided on the long edge of the panel, is not cut off by one or more cutting tools (not shown) configured to form a displacement groove 133 of the second mechanical locking system 60, which may be provided on the short edge of the panel adjacent to the long edge.

[0088] Distance D1 may be the distance measured between the top surface 15 and the plane of the first lock surface 122a and / or top surface 121, for example, the shortest distance or perpendicular to the top surface 15.

[0089] The distance D2 may be the shortest measurement distance perpendicular to the upper surface 15 between the upper wall 135 of the displacement groove 133 and the upper surface 15. In this exemplary embodiment, D2 may be measured perpendicular to the upper surface 15 between the upper surface 15 and the outermost edge of the upper wall 135 that, together with the outermost edge of the lower wall 134, forms the opening 137 of the displacement groove 137.

[0090] The effect of a distance D2 greater than distance D1 is that the displacement groove 133 can be formed completely below the plane of the first locking surface 122a of the locking tongue 121 of the first locking system 50 and / or completely below the plane of the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 at corners / intersections B between the second edge 12 and the third edge 13.

[0091] Referring to Figure 9A, the first edge 11 of panel 1 and the immediately adjacent upper edge portions 118, 128 of the second edge 12 of the essentially identical adjacent panel 2 can form a first vertical surface VP1 in the assembled position of the adjacent panels.

[0092] The first lock strip 112 protrudes from the first edge 11 and from the first vertical surface VP1 and includes a first locking element 113 configured to receive, by folding displacement, into a first locking groove 124 of the second edge 12 of the adjacent panel for horizontal locking of the adjacent panel by the first mechanical locking system 50.

[0093] Referring to Figure 9B, the immediately juxtaposed upper edge portions 138, 148 of the third edge 13 of panel 1 and the essentially identical fourth edge 14 of the adjacent panel 2 can form a second vertical surface VP2 at the position where the adjacent panels are assembled.

[0094] The second lock strip 139a protrudes from the second vertical surface VP2 and includes a second lock element 139b configured to receive a second lock groove 145 of the fourth edge 14 of the adjacent panel due to a vertical displacement such as a vertical fold of the adjacent panel 2, for horizontal locking of the adjacent panel by the second mechanical lock system 60.

[0095] The upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 may extend in the length direction L of the panel to the upper edge portion 138 that forms the vertical surface VP.

[0096] Referring now to Figures 10A and 10B, the first mechanical locking system 50 of panel 1 in Figure 10A and the second mechanical locking system 60 of panel 1 in Figure 10B are again shown. The embodiment in Figure 10A may include all the features of the embodiment in Figure 9A, and the embodiment in Figure 10B may include all the features of the embodiment shown in Figure 9B, although some references have been omitted for clarity.

[0097] Panel 1 may have a plane S, such as a plane extending parallel to the front surface 15 and / or back surface 16 of panel 1. Plane S may be a horizontal plane H.

[0098] In one embodiment, the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 may be located on a first side S1 of the plane S, and the displacement groove portion 133, preferably the wedge groove portion 141, may be located on a second side S2 of the plane S, the second side S2 being opposite to the first side S1.

[0099] Preferably, the entire upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 may be positioned on the first side S1 of the plane S, and the entire displacement groove portion 133, preferably the entire wedge groove portion 141, may be positioned on the second side S2 of the plane S.

[0100] The first side S1 of the plane S may extend from the plane S toward the front surface 15 of panel 1 and / or face toward the front surface 15 of panel 1. The first side S1 may comprise the upper portion of panel 1. The second side S2 of the plane S may extend from the plane S toward the back surface 16 of panel 1 and / or face toward the back surface 16 of panel 1. The second side S2 may comprise the lower portion of panel 1. item Item 1 A set of building panels 1 such as floor panels, comprising a first mechanical locking system 50 on each of the first and second edges 11, 12 located on opposite sides, such as a long edge, the first mechanical locking system 50 including a tongue groove 111 on one of the first and second edges located on opposite sides, the tongue groove 111 being configured to receive a locking tongue 121 on the other of the first and second edges, preferably by folding displacement F, for vertical locking of adjacent essentially identical panels 1, 2 in the assembled position, the locking tongue being essentially horizontal and / or The panel includes an upward-facing top surface 122 and a second mechanical locking system 60 on each of the third and fourth edges 13, 14 located opposite to a short edge, the second mechanical locking system including a wedge groove 141 configured to receive a displaceable locking tongue 131 at the assembly position, preferably by a vertical displacement V such as a vertical fold VF, for vertical locking of essentially identical adjacent panels 1, 2, the displaceable locking tongue 131 is configured to be displaced in a displacement groove 133 provided on the other of the third and fourth edges.

[0101] Item 2 The set according to Item 1, wherein the displacement groove includes an upper wall 135, the upper wall 135 is positioned vertically V below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0102] Item 3: The set according to item 1 or 2, wherein the entire upper wall 135 is positioned vertically V below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0103] Item 4 The set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 3, wherein the displacement groove 133 includes, for example, a laterally opening 137 in the longitudinal direction L, and the opening 137, preferably the entire opening 137, is provided vertically V below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0104] Item 5 The set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 4, wherein the wedge groove portion 141 is positioned vertically in the direction V below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121, and preferably the upper and outermost edge 142 of the wedge groove portion 141 is positioned vertically in the direction V below the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121.

[0105] Item 6 The set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 5, wherein the upper surface 122 preferably comprises a first locking surface 122a facing an essentially vertical direction V, the first locking surface 122a being configured to cooperate with a second locking surface 114 provided by the respective tongue grooves 111 of the adjacent panels 2 for vertical locking of adjacent panels in the position assembled by the folding displacement.

[0106] Item 7 The set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 6, wherein the third locking surface 141a is provided by a wedge groove 141 and is configured to cooperate with a fourth locking surface 132 provided by a displaceable tongue 131 of the adjacent panel 2 for vertical locking of the third and fourth edges of the respective panels 1 and 2.

[0107] Item 8 The set according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein at least a portion of the inner wall 136 is located below the opening 137 of the displacement groove 133.

[0108] Item 9 The set according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the displacement groove 133 opens laterally away from the third edge 13 and includes an opening 137, the opening 137 being formed by the outermost edge 135a of the upper wall 135 and the outermost edge 134a of the lower wall 134, and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 is provided vertically V above the outermost edge 135a of the upper wall 135.

[0109] Item 10 A set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 9, wherein, at the assembly position of two adjacent panels 1, 2, the upper edge portions 138, 148 positioned immediately adjacent to the third edge 13 and the fourth edge 14 form a second vertical surface VP2, and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 extends in the length direction L of the panel to the upper edge portion 138 forming the vertical surface VP.

[0110] Item 11 A set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 10, wherein, at the assembly position of two adjacent panels 1, 2, the upper edge portions 138, 148 positioned immediately adjacent to the third edge 13 and the fourth edge 14 form a second vertical surface VP2, and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue portion 121 extends in the length direction L of the panel to the upper edge portion 148 forming the vertical surface VP.

[0111] Item 12 The upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 extends in the longitudinal direction L of the panel to the opening 137 of the displacement groove 133, as described in any one of the preceding items 1 to 11.

[0112] Item 13 Panel 1 includes a surface layer such as a decorative surface layer, and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 extends along the entire upper surface layer of Panel 1 at least at corner B between the second edge 12 and the third edge 13, as described in any one of the preceding items 1 to 12.

[0113] Item 14 A set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 13, wherein panel 1 includes a surface layer such as a decorative surface layer, and the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 extends essentially along the entire upper surface layer of panel 1 at the corner C between the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14.

[0114] Item 15 A set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 14, wherein the first mechanical locking system 50 and the second mechanical locking system 60 are at least partially formed by a cutting tool such as a rotary cutting tool.

[0115] Item 16 The displacement groove 133 comprises an inner wall 135 and a lower wall 134, the lower wall 134 and the upper wall 135 extending essentially parallel to each other on the opposite side of the upper wall 135, as described in any one of the preceding items 1 to 15.

[0116] Item 17 The set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 16, wherein the displacement groove 133 is laterally open and extends into the panel 1 from the opening 137 toward the center of the panel 1, for example in the longitudinal direction L, and the inner wall 135 is formed at the position closest to the center of the panel 1.

[0117] Item 18: A set according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 17, wherein the first end of the locking tongue 121 in the longitudinal direction L of panel 1 includes a first portion 1213, and the second end of the locking tongue 121 opposite to the first end in the longitudinal direction of panel 1 includes a second portion 1214.

[0118] Item 19 The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are the set described in the preceding Item 18, which are essentially in contact with or configured to contact adjacent panels 1, 2 at the assembly location.

[0119] Item 20 A set according to any one of the preceding items 18 to 19, wherein the first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are configured such that, at the assembly position of adjacent panels 1, 2, the first part and the second parts 1213, 1214 are pre-tensioned relative to each other, for example, so that they are pressed against each other or press-fitted together.

[0120] Item 21 The set according to any one of the preceding items 18-20, wherein the first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are configured such that a gap DS is formed between adjacent panels 1 and 2 at the position where they are assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60, and the first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are configured such that a sufficient size of gap DS is obtained between them so that the respective surface layers 15a of the assembled panels 1 and 2 are continuous and / or not pressed apart.

[0121] Item 22 The set according to any one of the preceding items 18 to 21, wherein, at the assembly position of two adjacent panels 1, 2, the upper edge portions 138, 148 positioned immediately adjacent to the third edge 13 and the fourth edge 14 form a second vertical plane VP2, and the first portion 1213 is configured to be coplanar with the upper edge portion 138 of the third edge 13, and preferably the second portion 1214 is configured to be coplanar with the upper edge portion 148 of the fourth edge 14.

[0122] Item 23 The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are configured such that a play DS is formed between adjacent panels 1 and 2 at the position where they are assembled by the second mechanical locking system 60, the play DS being in the range of 0.00 to +0.5 mm, preferably 0.00 to +0.3 mm, for example 0.03 to 0.15 mm, more preferably 0.00 to +0.05 mm, as described in any one of the preceding items 18 to 22.

[0123] Item 24 The first part 1213 and the second part 1214 are configured such that a play DS is formed between adjacent panels 1 and 2 at the assembly position of the second mechanical locking system 60, and the play DS is in the range of -0.05 to +0.10 mm, as described in any one of the preceding items 18 to 22.

[0124] Item 25 A set according to any one of the preceding items 18-24, wherein panel 1 has a plane S, such as a plane, extending parallel to the front surface 15 of panel 1, the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121 is located on a first side S1 of the plane S, and the displacement groove 133, preferably a wedge groove 141, is located on a second side S2 of the plane S, the second side S2 being the side opposite to the first side S1 of the plane S.

[0125] Item 26 Panel 1 is the set described in Item 1, configured to obtain the game DS described in any of Items 19, 21, or 23.

[0126] Item 27 Constituting Panel 1 is the set described in the preceding item, which includes constituting at least one location among the displacement groove 133, the wedge groove 141, or the upper surface 122 of the locking tongue 121.

[0127] Item 28 Setting a position includes the set described in the preceding item, which includes configuring a vertical (V) position.

[0128] Item 29: A set of 1 building panels described in any preceding item, where each panel is essentially the same building panel.

Claims

1. A set of building panels (1), A first mechanical locking system (50) is provided on each of the first and second edges (11, 12) located on opposite sides, the first mechanical locking system (50) includes a tongue groove (111) on one of the first and second edges located on opposite sides, the tongue groove (111) is configured to receive the locking tongue (121) on the other of the first and second edges by the folding displacement of the locking tongue (121) for vertical locking of adjacent identical panels (1, 2) in the assembled position, the locking tongue (121) includes a horizontal and / or upward top surface (122), the first mechanical locking system (50), A second mechanical locking system (60) on each of the third and fourth edges (13, 14) located on the opposite side, the second mechanical locking system includes a wedge groove (141) on one of the third and fourth edges, the wedge groove (141) having a displaceable locking tongue which is displaceable by the vertical displacement (V) of the wedge groove (141) for vertical locking of the same adjacent panels (1, 2) at the assembly position (131) is configured to receive the displaceable locking tongue (131), and the displaceable locking tongue (131) is configured to be displaceable in a displacement groove (133) provided on the other of the third and fourth edges, the displacement groove (133) includes an upper wall (135), and the upper wall (135) of the displacement groove (133) is positioned vertically (V) below the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121) and a second mechanical locking system (60), Equipped with, In the longitudinal direction (L) of the panel (1), the first end of the locking tongue (121) includes a first portion (1213), and the second end of the locking tongue (121) on the opposite side includes a second portion (1214). The first portion (1213) and the second portion (1214) are configured to contact each other at the assembly position of adjacent panels (1, 2). A set of building panels (1).

2. The set according to claim 1, wherein the entire upper wall (135) is positioned vertically (V) below the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121).

3. The set according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the displacement groove (133) is provided with a laterally opening (137), and the opening (137) is provided in the vertical direction (V) below the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121).

4. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wedge groove (141) is positioned vertically (V) below the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121).

5. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the upper and outermost edge (142) of the wedge groove (141) is positioned vertically (V) below the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121).

6. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first part (1213) and the second part (1214) are configured such that tension is applied to each other in advance at the position where the adjacent panels (1, 2) are assembled.

7. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first part (1213) and the second part (1214) are configured such that a clearance (DS) is formed between the adjacent panels (1, 2) at the position where the adjacent panels (1, 2) are assembled by the second mechanical locking system (60), and the first part (1213) and the second part (1214) are configured such that a sufficient size of clearance (DS) is obtained so that the respective surface layers (15a) of the adjacent panels (1, 2) being assembled are continuous and / or not pressed apart.

8. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, at the assembly position of two adjacent panels (1, 2), the upper edge portions (138, 148) of the third edge (13) and the fourth edge (14) positioned immediately next to each other form a vertical plane (VP2), the first portion (1213) is configured to be coplanar with the upper edge portion (138) of the third edge (13), and the second portion (1214) is configured to be coplanar with the upper edge portion (148) of the fourth edge (14).

9. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first part (1213) and the second part (1214) are configured such that a gap (DS) is formed between the adjacent panels (1, 2) at the position where the adjacent panels (1, 2) are assembled by the second mechanical locking system (60), and the gap (DS) is less than +0.5 mm.

10. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first part (1213) and the second part (1214) are configured such that a gap (DS) is formed between the adjacent panels (1, 2) at the position where the adjacent panels (1, 2) are assembled by the second mechanical locking system (60), and the gap (DS) is in the range of -0.05 to +0.10 mm (excluding 0.00 mm).

11. The set according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the panel (1) has a flat surface (S), the upper surface (122) of the locking tongue (121) is located on a first side (S1) of the flat surface (S), and the displacement groove (133) is located on a second side (S2) of the flat surface (S), the second side (S2) being the side of the flat surface (S) opposite to the first side (S1).

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