Building materials for doors and windows

Abstract

To improve fire resistance regardless of the surface condition of a building material body.SOLUTION: A surface 2a of a building material body 2a which is formed by metal is provided with a thermally expandable member 3, which has been applied in a fluid state and then cured.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to Building materials for doors and windows the following.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, high fire resistance has been required for fittings. For this reason, fittings are provided in which a shaped heat-expandable member is attached to the surface of a building material body as building material for fittings such as frames, sashes, or reinforcing materials provided inside these frames or sashes. In this type of fitting, when exposed to high temperatures during a fire or the like, the heat-expandable member expands due to heating, and the gap between the frame and the sash or the hollow portion of the frame or sash is blocked. As a result, a situation where a flame penetration hole occurs indoors and outdoors can be prevented, and the fire resistance can be improved (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] By the way, projections such as screws and protrusions may be provided on the surface of the building material body. In addition, for example, in the groove portion where glass is mounted, both sides are configured to be chamfered. Thus, it is difficult to attach the heat-expandable member without gaps to the portion where a projection is provided on the surface of the building material body or the portion configured to be chamfered. Therefore, in this type of building material, there is a risk of causing a situation where the heat-expandable member peels off and falls off over time. Further, even when there are no large projections and the portion is not chamfered, for a building material whose surface is not smooth and has minute irregularities such as a portion where resin is applied, there is a risk of causing the same problem.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a method for improving fire resistance regardless of the surface condition of the building material itself. Building materials for doors and windows The purpose is to provide it. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the building material for joinery according to the present invention is provided with a groove-shaped recess in the main body of the building material, the recess is configured such that both sides of the recess are inclined toward each other toward the opening and reach the opening edge, and the opening width is narrower than the internal width, and the recess contains, In a state in which the surface is below the surface surface of the building material body. It is characterized by being filled with a thermally expandable material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, since a fluid, heat-expandable member is applied to the building material body and hardened, the heat-expandable member can be provided without creating gaps, even if protrusions such as screws or projections are provided on the surface of the building material body, or even in corners. Therefore, there is no risk of the heat-expandable member peeling off and falling off over time, and fire resistance can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This diagram conceptually illustrates a method for manufacturing building materials for joinery, which is an embodiment of the present invention. (a) is an overview perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view, and (c) is a conceptual diagram showing the application of a thermally expandable material with a shaping plate attached to a nozzle. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the state of building materials for joinery, manufactured using the method shown in Figure 1, after being cut with a cutting tool. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 1 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 2 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 3 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 6]This shows other modifications of the building material for joinery according to the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view of modification 4 and (b) is a cross-sectional view of modification 5. [Figure 7] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 6 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 7 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 8 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 10] This is a perspective view showing a modified example 9 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 11] This is a perspective view showing a modified example 10 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 12] This shows modification 11 of the building materials for joinery according to the present invention, where (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a diagram showing the building materials for joinery shown in modification 11 joined together. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view showing a modified example 12 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 14] This is a perspective view showing a modified example 13 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 15] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a key part showing Example 1 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 16] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a key part showing Example 2 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 17] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a key part showing Embodiment 3 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention. [Figure 18] This shows an embodiment 4 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention, where (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part and (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the application of the thermally expandable member. [Figure 19] This shows Example 5 of the building material for joinery according to the present invention, where (a) is a conceptual diagram showing the application of a thermally expandable member using a nozzle with an inclined discharge port, and (b) is a conceptual diagram showing the application of a thermally expandable member using a nozzle with a normal discharge port. [Figure 20]This shows Example 6 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention. (a) is a conceptual diagram showing a state where a thermally expandable member is applied with the axis of the nozzle arranged perpendicular to the surface, and (b) is a conceptual diagram showing a state where a thermally expandable member is applied with the axis of the nozzle arranged inclined with respect to the surface. [Figure 21] It is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing Example 7 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention. [Figure 22] It is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing Example 8 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention. [Figure 23] It is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing Example 9 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention. [Figure 24] It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part showing Example 10 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention. [Figure 25] It is a cross-sectional view showing Example 11 of the building material for fittings according to the present invention.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the building material for fittings and the method for manufacturing the building material for fittings according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a method for manufacturing a building material for fittings, which is an embodiment of the present invention. The building material for fittings 1 exemplified here is used as a frame constituting a frame body or a stile constituting a shoji in fittings, and is configured by providing a thermally expandable member 3 on the surface 2a of the building material main body 2A. The building material main body 2A is formed of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, or a resin. The thermally expandable member 3 is a non-combustible or flame-retardant refractory member that expands by heat. In the present embodiment, as the thermally expandable member 3, one that can be applied in a fluid state and then cured is applied. Further, in the embodiment, an adhesive is mixed to add adhesiveness to the thermally expandable member 3. As this type of thermally expandable member 3, for example, thermally expandable graphite can be applied.

[0012] When a thermally expandable member 3 is provided on the building material body 2A, it is dispensed from the nozzle 10 into the surface 2a of the building material body 2A while it is still fluid and applied. By moving the building material body 2A and the nozzle 10 relative to each other, the thermally expandable member 3 can be continuously applied to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A with a desired width and thickness, as shown in Figure 1(b). Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1(c), by attaching a shaping plate 11 to the nozzle 10, it becomes possible to sequentially shape the thermally expandable member 3 applied to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A into a flat shape before it hardens.

[0013] After applying the thermally expandable member 3 to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, the thermally expandable member 3 can be hardened on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A by time or by chemical treatment such as mixing in a hardening agent to accelerate the hardening reaction. If necessary after the thermally expandable member 3 has hardened, the building material body 2A and the thermally expandable member 3 may be simultaneously cut with a cutting tool 20 such as a cutter to adjust them to the desired length, as shown in Figure 2.

[0014] As described above, with the building material 1 for joinery, the thermally expandable member 3, which is in a fluid state, hardens on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A. Therefore, even if the surface 2a of the building material body 2A is somewhat uneven due to protrusions such as screws or bumps, it is possible to install the thermally expandable member 3 without creating gaps between it and the surface 2a of the building material body 2A. Moreover, since the thermally expandable member 3 can be applied continuously regardless of the length of the building material body 2A, there is no risk of joints or gaps forming in the middle of the thermally expandable member 3. Consequently, if joinery is constructed using the building material 1 described above, there is no risk of the thermally expandable member 3 falling off even after long-term use, and it will expand when exposed to high temperatures to seal gaps, thereby improving fire resistance. Furthermore, in a building material 1 for joinery, which is constructed by applying and curing a thermally expandable member 3 to the main building material body 2A and then cutting it, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided without any gaps all the way to the end of the main building material body 2A. When these are connected to form joinery, there is no risk of gaps forming between the thermally expandable member 3 of adjacent building materials 1 for joinery.

[0015] When applying the heat-expandable member 3, it is not always necessary to flatten the surface 2a of the building material body 2A. As shown in the modified example 1 of the building material 1 for joinery in Figure 3, groove-like recesses 2b may be actively created on the surface 2a of the building material body 2B by drawing lines in advance. By applying the fluid heat-expandable member 3 with recesses 2b on the surface 2a of the building material body 2B in this way, the contact area between the building material body 2B and the heat-expandable member 3 will increase after hardening, thereby improving the joint strength between the two. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent the heat-expandable member 3 from detaching from the building material body 2B, which is even more advantageous in terms of fire resistance.

[0016] Furthermore, as shown in the modified example 2 of the building material 1 for joinery shown in Figure 4 and the modified example 3 of the building material 1 shown in Figure 5, groove-shaped recesses 2c and 2d corresponding to the entire width of the thermally expandable member 3 may be provided in advance on the surface 2a of the building material body 2C and 2D, and the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied to each of the recesses 2c and 2d. In this case as well, since both side edges of the thermally expandable member 3 will be in contact with the building material body 2C and 2D, the bonding strength with the building material body 2C and 2D after hardening can be improved. In particular, as shown in the modified example 3 in Figure 5, if the recess 2d is configured in a so-called dovetail groove shape, the internal width of the thermally expandable member 3 will be larger than the opening width of the recess 2d, making it possible to more reliably prevent it from falling off the building material body 2D. Furthermore, since the position where the thermally expandable member 3 is provided is precisely defined by the recesses 2c and 2d, it becomes possible to easily mass-produce building material 1 for joinery with a certain level of quality. Furthermore, the surface 3a of the thermally expandable member 3 can be set to be below the surface 2a of the building material body 2C, 2D, and even if movable parts such as friction stays or sliders are provided on the surface 2a of the building material body 2C, 2D, interference with the thermally expandable member 3 will not occur, which has the advantage of reducing restrictions on the use of the building material 1 for joinery.

[0017] The method for providing recesses 2c and 2d on the surface 2a of the building material bodies 2C and 2D is not limited to those shown in Figures 4 and 5. Alternatively, two guide members 4a and 4b may be provided on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A with a gap between them, as shown in Modification 4 (Building Material 1 for Doors and Windows) in Figure 6(a) and Modification 5 (Building Material 1 for Doors and Windows) in Figure 6(b). More specifically, Modification 4 (Figure 6(a)) forms a rectangular recess 2e by providing two thin, plate-shaped guide members 4a parallel to each other on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A. On the other hand, Modification 5 (Figure 6(b)) forms a trapezoidal recess 2f on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A by providing a guide member 4b with a triangular cross-section. In addition to the effects described above, Modifications 4 and 5 also offer the advantage of simplifying the shape of the building material body 2A and facilitating its molding. The guide members 4a and 4b provided on the building material body 2A may be removed from the building material body 2A after the thermally expandable member 3 has hardened, or they may be left as they are.

[0018] In all of the above examples, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied so that its surface 3a is parallel to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to these. For example, as in the building material 1 for joinery of Modification 6 shown in Figure 7, the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied and cured in a state inclined in one direction relative to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, or as in the building material 1 for joinery of Modification 7 shown in Figure 8, the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied and cured so that it has an irregular cross-sectional shape. When the thermally expandable member 3 is applied and cured so that its surface 3a is inclined, or when the thermally expandable member 3 is applied and cured so that it has an irregular cross-sectional shape, as shown by the arrows and dashed lines in the figures, it is possible to give directionality to the direction of expansion, and it becomes possible to more reliably close off parts of the joinery that could become flame penetration points. More specifically, as shown in Modification 6 of Figure 7, when the thermally expandable member 3 is applied and cured with the surface 3a inclined so that the right side is lower, it is expected to tend to expand more easily towards the right compared to when it is not inclined. Therefore, if there is a concern that a gap that could become a flame penetration opening may occur on the right side in Figure 7, applying and curing the thermally expandable member 3 in this shape will allow for more reliable closure of any gap that may actually occur. Also, as shown in Modification 7 of Figure 8, when the thermally expandable member 3 is applied and cured with a horizontally wide oval cross-section and a depression 3b in the center of the surface 3a, it is expected to tend to expand more easily towards the upper center. Therefore, if there is a concern that a gap that could become a flame penetration opening may occur in the upper center of Figure 8, applying and curing the thermally expandable member 3 in this shape will allow for more reliable closure of any gap that may actually occur.

[0019] When the thermally expandable member 3 is to be directed in the direction of expansion, it is not limited to the modified examples 6 and 7, but may also be applied and cured on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A with a cross-sectional shape such that the plate thickness is equal to or greater than the left and right width, as in the building material 1 for joinery in modified example 8 shown in Figure 9. In this modified example 8, not only is the plate thickness increased compared to the one shown in Figure 1(b), but the left and right width dimensions are also reduced. Therefore, it is possible to expand more of the thermally expandable member 3 upwards without significantly increasing the amount of thermally expandable member 3 applied.

[0020] If you want to increase the expansion amount of the thermally expandable member 3 only in a specific range, you can apply the thermally expandable member 3 to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A in a certain width, as shown in the modified example 9 for building materials 1 in Figure 10, and then further partially provide the thermally expandable member 3' in that specific range. The thermally expandable member 3' provided partially can be hardened after being applied, or a pre-formed solid can be attached. A concrete example is to apply and harden a fluid thermally expandable member 3 along the entire length of the lower frame of a sliding window, and then attach a pre-formed thermally expandable member 3' to the position corresponding to the meeting stile of the sash. When thermally expandable members 3 and 3' are provided in the manner described above, the amount of expansion increases in the part corresponding to the meeting stile, so even if a gap is created between the lower frame and the meeting stile, it is possible to prevent flames from penetrating the gap. Even in this case, since the amount of thermally expandable material 3' is increased only in the necessary areas, the amount of thermally expandable material 3,3' used can be reduced, preventing a significant increase in manufacturing costs. The location where the standard-shaped thermally expandable material 3' is attached may be adjacent to the coated and cured thermally expandable material 3 on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, or it may be overlapping with the coated and cured thermally expandable material 3.

[0021] In all of the above examples, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied continuously to the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, but it is not necessarily required to be continuous. For example, as in the building material 1 for joinery in Modification 10 shown in Figure 11, the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied and cured intermittently only to the necessary parts. In this case, the intermittently applied thermally expandable member 3 does not need to be arranged on the same straight line. In the building material 1 for joinery, as in Modification 10, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided in a way that it is divided in the middle, which has advantages such as being able to set up a drainage path that crosses the thermally expandable member 3, thus enabling reliable drainage without providing a large number of drainage holes in the building material body 2A.

[0022] The thermally expandable member 3 does not necessarily need to be provided along the entire length of the building material body 2A. As shown in the modified example 11 of the building material 1 for joinery in Figure 12(a), the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied and hardened so as to be separated from the end face 2g of the building material body 2E. When the thermally expandable member 3 is provided so as to be separated from the end face 2g of the building material body 2E, as in the modified example 11, it is possible to prevent the thermally expandable members 3 provided on the building material body 2E from interfering with each other when the ends of the building material 1 for joinery are joined together to form a joinery, as shown in Figure 12(b), and this does not affect the manufacturing process of the joinery.

[0023] The thermally expandable member 3 does not necessarily need to be linearly continuous, nor does it necessarily need to be provided on the same plane. For example, in the modified example 12 of the building material 1 for joinery shown in Figure 13, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided three-dimensionally on the building material body 2F, which has an L-shaped cross-section formed by providing a first flat plate portion 2F1 and a second flat plate portion 2F2 perpendicular to each other. That is, in modified example 12, the first thermally expandable portion 3-1 is applied longitudinally to the surface 2a of the first flat plate portion 2F1, and then the second thermally expandable portion 3-2 is applied on the same surface 2a with the application direction changed by 90° so that they are bent relative to each other. Furthermore, the third thermally expandable portion 3-3 is applied by changing the application direction by 90° from the second thermally expandable portion 3-2 along the surface 2a of the second flat plate portion 2F2. In this way, by changing the application direction, it is possible to provide continuous thermally expandable members 3 in two or three dimensions without interruption.

[0024] Some of the thermally expandable members 3 have different expansion initiation temperatures. Therefore, in the modified example 13 for joinery 1 shown in Figure 14, two types of thermally expandable members 3A and 3B, which have different expansion initiation temperatures, are provided on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A so as to be layered on top of each other. The two types of thermally expandable members 3A and 3B may be applied one type after the other, or they may be applied simultaneously using a nozzle with two discharge ports. It is preferable to apply them in an order such that the layer with the lower expansion initiation temperature is the upper layer. In the illustrated example, the upper thermally expandable member 3A is set to have a lower expansion initiation temperature than the lower thermally expandable member 3B.

[0025] In this building material 1 for joinery, which has two types of thermally expandable members 3A and 3B with different expansion initiation temperatures provided on the surface 2a of the building material body 2A, the thermally expandable members 3A and 3B expand with a time difference, making it possible to reliably close gaps that could become flame penetration points over a wide temperature range. For example, when the building material body 2A reaches a temperature of about 200°C, the first thermally expandable member 3A, which has a lower expansion initiation temperature, expands first, closing any gaps that have formed up to that point. Subsequently, even if the temperature of the building material body 2A rises to about 800°C and new gaps are created due to thermal deformation, the second thermally expandable member 3B, which has a higher expansion initiation temperature, expands and closes these gaps, which is extremely advantageous in terms of fire resistance. Furthermore, since the two types of thermally expandable members 3A and 3B are stacked on top of each other, it does not require as much space as when a single type of thermally expandable member is provided. However, the two types of thermally expandable members 3A and 3B do not necessarily need to be stacked; they may be placed side by side. Furthermore, the thermally expandable members provided on the building material body 2A do not necessarily have to be of two types; three or more types of thermally expandable members with different expansion initiation temperatures may be provided adjacent to each other. Moreover, multiple types of thermally expandable members with different expansion initiation temperatures do not need to be applied in the same amount to each other; they may be applied in different amounts depending on the application.

[0026] The following describes embodiments of the present invention using building materials with more specific shapes for joinery. In all embodiments, the thermally expandable member provided on the building material body is applied in a fluid state as described above, and then hardened.

[0027] In both Embodiment 1 shown in Figure 15 and Embodiment 2 shown in Figure 16, a thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the inside of the glass housing groove 31a in the building material body 31 of the building material 30 that serves as the lower frame of a sliding door, where a facing material 32 such as double-glazed glass is attached. As is clear from the figures, since the thermally expandable member 3 is applied in a fluid state, there is an advantage that the thermally expandable member 3 can be installed without gaps even in the inner corner portion 31b. Furthermore, since the thermally expandable member 3 is adhesive in its fluid state, by placing the setting block SB before it hardens, it is possible to fix the setting block SB to the building material body 31 without requiring a separate adhesive, as shown in Embodiment 1 in Figure 15. Moreover, by using a thermally expandable member 3 that exhibits the desired strength when hardened, it is possible to have the thermally expandable member 3 also function as a setting block without providing a separate setting block, as shown in Embodiment 2 in Figure 16. In these two embodiments, when the building material 30 for the joinery becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, causing the glass housing groove 31a to close, thereby preventing flames from penetrating the building material 30 in the direction of the interior or exterior.

[0028] Embodiment 3, shown in Figure 17, is similar to Embodiment 1 in that the thermally expandable member 3 is provided in the hollow portion 30a' on the outer periphery of the lower frame 30' of the shoji screen, beyond the glass housing groove 31a' that accommodates the facing material 32. As is clear from the figure, the thermally expandable member 3 cannot be directly applied to the hollow portion 30a' of the lower frame 30' because it is enclosed. However, if the thermally expandable member 3 is applied in advance to the reinforcing material 33 to be placed in the hollow portion 30a', it becomes possible to provide the thermally expandable member 3 to the hollow portion 30a' of the lower frame 30' as shown in the figure. In this Embodiment 3, the reinforcing material 33 corresponds to the main body of the building material, and the reinforcing material 33 to which the thermally expandable member 3 is applied corresponds to the building material for the door and window. Note that when the thermally expandable member is provided with the reinforcing material as the main body of the building material, it is not necessarily limited to the reinforcing material 33 placed in the hollow portion 30a'.

[0029] Embodiment 4, shown in Figure 18, is similar to Embodiment 1 in that the thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the inside of the glass housing groove 31a in the main body 31 of the building material 30 for the door frame that serves as the lower frame of the shoji screen. However, in Embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 18(a), the thermally expandable member 3 is applied only to both sides that avoid the drain hole 31c. More specifically, in Embodiment 4, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied so that the plate thickness gradually decreases toward the drain hole 31c. When applying the thermally expandable member 3 to the inner corner 31b, as shown in Figure 18(b), the nozzle 10 is positioned so that the discharge port 10a faces the valley of the inner corner 31b, and the thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the main body 31 of the building material from this position. When the thermally expandable member 3 is applied in the manner described above, it is possible to prevent a gap from forming between it and the inner corner portion 31b. Furthermore, since the surface 3a of the thermally expandable member 3 gradually becomes lower than the drain hole 31c, the application of the thermally expandable member 3 can be easily performed. In this embodiment 4 as well, when the building material 30 for the joinery becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, blocking the glass storage groove 31a and further blocking the drain hole 31c, thereby preventing the formation of a flame penetration opening in the building material 30 in the direction of the interior or exterior. During normal use of the joinery, water that enters the glass storage groove 31a is guided to the drain hole 31c by the inclined surface 3a of the thermally expandable member 3, and discharged to the outside through the drain hole 31c and the lower drain hole 31d, which is advantageous in terms of drainage and prevents water from accumulating in the glass storage groove 31a for a long period of time. Although the application of the thermally expandable member 3 to the drain hole 31c is avoided, it is preferable not to apply the thermally expandable member 3 to parts that are joined to other building materials for joinery, parts to which parts are attached, and parts that require processing when constructing joinery. Furthermore, although Examples 1, 2, and 4 illustrate the lower frame of a shoji screen as the building material 30 for joinery, it is possible to apply the same to the upper frame, vertical frame, or the upper frame, lower frame, and vertical frame that constitute the frame. Moreover, the reinforcing member 33 may be provided to the upper frame or vertical frame, or to the upper frame, lower frame, and vertical frame that constitute the frame.

[0030] In the embodiment 5 shown in Figure 19, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the inner surface 41c of a groove 41b formed between opposing wall members 41a in the main body 41 of the building material 40 for the door frame of a shoji screen. When applying the thermally expandable member 3 to the inner surface 41c of the groove 41b, the nozzle 10 should be inserted between the wall members 41a at an angle. In this case, as shown in Figure 19(a), by applying a nozzle 10 with an angled tip, the thermally expandable member 3 can be applied to have a constant thickness. Also, as shown in Figure 19(b), by applying a nozzle 10 whose tip is perpendicular to the axis, it is possible to apply the thermally expandable member 3 to have different thicknesses. In embodiment 5, when the building material 40 for the door frame becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, sealing the gap between it and a frame (not shown), thus preventing flames from penetrating the building material 40 in the direction of the interior or exterior.

[0031] In the embodiment 6 shown in Figure 20, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the inclined surface 51a of the building material body 51 of the lower frame building material 50. When applying the thermally expandable member 3 to the inclined surface 51a, as shown in Figure 20(a), if the axis of the nozzle 10 is positioned perpendicular to the surface 51a, the thermally expandable member 3 can be applied to have a constant thickness. Also, as shown in Figure 20(b), if the axis of the nozzle 10 is positioned inclined with respect to the surface 51a, it is possible to apply the thermally expandable member 3 to have different thicknesses. In embodiment 6, when the building material 50 for the door and window becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, sealing the gap between it and the shoji screen (not shown), thus preventing flames from penetrating the building material 50 in the direction of the interior or exterior. Although embodiment 6 exemplifies a lower frame as the building material 50 for the door and window, it can of course be applied to upper frames or vertical frames as well.

[0032] In all three embodiments, the 7th embodiment shown in Figure 21, the 8th embodiment shown in Figure 22, and the 9th embodiment shown in Figure 23, a thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the main body 61 of the building material 60 that forms the door frame. In the 7th embodiment, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided on the inner surface 61a of the main body 61 of the building material 61 that faces the end face 62a of the door panel 62. The thermally expandable member 3 is a flat plate with a certain thickness and is provided along the entire length of the main body 61. In the 8th embodiment, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided in the recess 61c of the door stop portion 61b that protrudes inward from the main body 61 of the building material 61. The recess 61c of the door stop portion 61b is where a sealing member 63 that seals between it and the door panel 62 is attached, and the opening width is narrow compared to the internal width. When the sealing member 63 is attached, the thermally expandable member 3 is not exposed to the outside. In other words, in Example 8, the sealing member 63 is attached so as to cover the thermally expandable member 3 provided in the recess 61c. In Example 9, similar to Example 7, the thermally expandable member 3 is provided on the inner circumferential surface 61a of the building material body 61. However, in Example 9, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied so as to cover the inner corner portion 61e between the protruding ridge 61d from the inner circumferential surface 61a and the inner circumferential surface 61a. The thickness of the thermally expandable member 3 is configured to gradually decrease toward one side (for example, the exterior side). The surface 3a of the thermally expandable member 3 faces the door panel 62. In Examples 7 to 9, when the building material 60 for joinery becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, sealing the gap between it and the door panel 62, thereby preventing flames from penetrating the building material 60 in the interior-exterior direction. Although Examples 7 to 9 illustrate door frame as the door frame material 60, it can of course also be applied to the hinge side frame, upper frame, or lower frame.

[0033] The embodiment 10 shown in Figure 24 is provided in which a thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the main body 71 of the building material 70 that serves as the lower frame of the door. In embodiment 10, the thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the gap (recess) 71c between the inner circumferential surface 71a of the main body 71 and the door stop portion 71b that protrudes inward from the inner circumferential surface 71a of the main body 71. More specifically, the door stop portion 71b of embodiment 10 protrudes from one side (for example, the interior side) of the inner circumferential surface 71a of the main body 71, and has a protruding portion 71d that protrudes toward the other side (for example, the exterior side) at the protruding edge. The protruding portion 71d is for forming a recess 71e for attaching a sealing member 73 that seals between the door panel 72 and the door. A groove-shaped gap 71c is secured between the protruding portion 71d and the inner circumferential surface 71a of the main body 71. The thermally expandable member 3 described above is applied to the gap 71c secured between the inner circumferential surface 71a and the protruding portion 71d of the building material body 71. In Example 10, when the sealing member 73 is attached to the recess 71e, the thermally expandable member 3 is not exposed to the outside. In this Example 10, when the building material for the door or window becomes hot, the thermally expandable member 3 expands, sealing the gap between it and the door panel 72, thereby preventing flames from penetrating the building material for the door or window in the direction of the interior or exterior. In Example 10, the lower frame of a door is used as an example of the building material for the door or window, but it can of course be applied to the upper frame or vertical frame of a door as well.

[0034] Embodiment 11, shown in Figure 25, is a building material 80 for doors and windows that serves as the surface material for a shoji screen. A thermally expandable member 3 is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the building material body 81. The building material body 81 is a double-glazed glass made by laminating two glass plates 81B with spacers 81A in between. The spacers 81A are, for example, made of aluminum, with a desiccant 81A2 filled inside, and are bonded to each glass plate 81B via the cylinders 81A1. Furthermore, a sealant 81C is filled in the area on the outer circumferential side of the spacers 81A. The sealant 81C is made of resin and is bonded to the spacers 81A and the two glass plates 81B. The thermally expandable member 3 is applied so as to cover the sealant 81C and the outer circumferential surface 81a of the two glass plates 81B. A frame is attached to the building material body 81 on all four sides to form a shoji screen. When installing the frame, the thermally expandable member 3 may be made to function as a setting block, as described above. Furthermore, when using double-glazed glass as the building material body 81 and providing the thermally expandable member 3, it is not necessarily required to cover the outer surface 81a of the building material body 81. For example, instead of the sealing material 81C described above, the thermally expandable member 3 may be applied so as to be in contact with the surfaces of the spacer 81A and the two glass plates 81B.

[0035] In the embodiments described above, examples of building materials for joinery include frames, stiles, and shoji screen panels. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and other materials that constitute joinery may also be used. For example, friction stays and hinges that support shoji screens to open and close relative to the frame, as well as reinforcing materials attached to frames and stiles, may each be treated with a heat-expandable material as a building material for joinery. Furthermore, building materials for joinery are not necessarily limited to those that support shoji screens or door panels to open and close. For example, they may also be materials that constitute shutter frames that support shutters.

[0036] As described above, the building material for joinery according to the present invention is characterized in that a thermally expandable member, which is applied in a fluid state and hardened, is provided on a building material body made of metal or resin. According to this invention, since a fluid, heat-expandable member is applied to the building material body and hardened, the heat-expandable member can be provided without creating gaps, even if protrusions such as screws or projections are provided on the surface of the building material body, or even in corners. Therefore, there is no risk of the heat-expandable member peeling off and falling off over time, and fire resistance can be improved.

[0037] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided in a groove-shaped recess provided in the main body of the building material. According to this invention, by providing a thermally expandable member in a recess, the position of the thermally expandable member remains constant, making it possible to easily manufacture building materials for joinery with consistent quality.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned building material for joinery, the recess is configured such that the opening width is narrower than the internal width. According to this invention, since the internal dimensions become larger than the opening width of the recess, it becomes possible to more reliably prevent the thermally expandable member from falling off the building material body.

[0039] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided in the recess where the sealing member is attached. This invention eliminates the need to specifically form recesses for thermally expandable members, thereby preventing the building material itself from becoming overly complex and facilitating its molding process.

[0040] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided in the recess where the facing material is attached. This invention eliminates the need to specifically form recesses for thermally expandable members, thereby preventing the building material itself from becoming overly complex and facilitating its molding process.

[0041] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned building material for joinery, two guide members are provided on the main body of the building material, and the thermally expandable member is provided between these two guide members. According to this invention, since the thermally expandable member is joined to the guide member, it is possible to prevent it from falling off the building material body.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided in a state in which the thickness from the surface of the main building material body is different. According to this invention, the thermally expandable member can be made directional when it expands, which has advantages such as being able to more reliably close gaps that could become entry points for flames.

[0043] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided such that the plate thickness gradually decreases toward the drainage hole provided in the main body of the building material. This invention allows water to be guided to the drain hole by the inclination of the thermally expandable member, thereby improving drainage performance.

[0044] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided in the inner corner portion of the main body of the building material. According to this invention, since the thermally expandable member comes into contact with two surfaces of the building material body that constitute the corner, the joint strength between the thermally expandable member and the building material body can be improved.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the building material for joinery described above, a standard-shaped thermal expandable member is attached to the building material body to which the thermal expandable member has been coated. According to this invention, the amount of expansion of the thermally expandable member can be increased in a desired area, making it possible to more reliably seal gaps.

[0046] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member comprises a first thermally expandable member and a second thermally expandable member that expand at different temperatures, and these first thermally expandable member and the second thermally expandable member are provided adjacent to each other. According to this invention, since the thermally expandable member expands with a time lag, it becomes possible to seal gaps, for example, from a state where the thermal deformation of the building material itself is small to a state where it has expanded, which is extremely advantageous in terms of fire resistance.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the first thermally expandable member has a lower expansion start temperature than the second thermally expandable member, and is provided so as to overlap the surface of the second thermally expandable member. This invention makes it possible to provide two types of thermally expandable members without requiring a large space.

[0048] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the building material for joinery described above, the thermally expandable member is provided intermittently in such a way that it is interrupted. This invention makes it possible to set a drainage path that crosses a thermally expandable member.

[0049] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the thermally expandable member is provided such that its end is separated from the end face of the main body of the building material. This invention makes it possible to prevent thermally expandable members from interfering with each other when joining multiple building material bodies.

[0050] Furthermore, the building material for joinery according to the present invention is characterized in that a thermally expandable member, which is applied in a fluid state and hardened, is provided on the outer periphery of the main building material body, which is configured in a plate shape. This invention makes it possible to prevent gaps from forming around the outer periphery of the plate-shaped building material.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described building material for joinery, the building material body is a double-layered glass in which a plurality of glass plates are laminated with spacers in between, and the thermally expandable member is provided in the sealing material that is filled on the outer periphery of the spacers between the glass plates. This invention makes it possible to seal the gap between the double-glazed glass and the frame without providing a thermally expandable member on the frame side.

[0052] Furthermore, the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery according to the present invention is characterized by applying a thermally expandable member in a fluid state to a building material body molded from metal or resin, and then curing the thermally expandable member. According to this invention, since a fluid, heat-expandable member is applied to the building material body and hardened, the heat-expandable member can be provided without creating gaps, even if protrusions such as screws or projections are provided on the surface of the building material body, or even in corners. Therefore, there is no risk of the heat-expandable member peeling off and falling off over time, and fire resistance can be improved.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, the thermally expandable member is applied while the thickness from the surface of the building material body is different. According to this invention, the thermally expandable member can be given directionality in the direction of expansion, making it possible to more reliably seal gaps that could become entry points for flames.

[0054] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, a nozzle is installed at an angle to the surface of the building material body, and the thermally expandable member is applied from the nozzle. This invention makes it possible to easily apply a thermally expandable member to the surface of a building material even when the thickness from the surface of the material varies.

[0055] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, the thermally expandable member is applied from a nozzle with an inclined tip. According to this invention, it becomes possible to easily apply a thermally expandable member to the surface of the building material even when the thickness from the surface of the material is different.

[0056] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, the heat-expandable member is shaped before the coated heat-expandable member hardens. According to this invention, since the coated thermally expandable member can be shaped before it hardens, it is possible to provide a thermally expandable member of any shape according to the application.

[0057] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, a nozzle is positioned so that its discharge port faces the valley groove of the inner corner provided in the main body of the building material, and the thermally expandable member is applied to the inner corner from the nozzle. This invention allows for the application of the thermally expandable material with the discharge port facing the inner corner, thereby more reliably preventing gaps from forming between the material and the building material itself.

[0058] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for manufacturing building materials for joinery described above, the material is cut to a desired length while the thermally expandable member is applied. This invention makes it possible to provide thermally expandable members without gaps at both ends of the building material body, without having to match the dimensions of the thermally expandable member along its longitudinal side to the dimensions of the building material body. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 Building materials for joinery, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 Building material body, 2a, 51a, 61a Surface, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 61c, 71e Recess, 2g End face, 3, 3′, 3A, 3B Thermally expandable member, 4a, 4b Guide member, 10 Nozzle, 10a Discharge port, 31a Glass housing groove, 31b, 61e Inside corner, 31c Drain hole, 32 Face material, 41c Inner surface, 63, 73 Sealing member, 71c Gap, 81A Spacer, 81B Glass plate, 81C Sealing material

Claims

[Claim 1] A groove-shaped recess is provided in the main body of the building material. The recess is configured such that both sides are inclined toward the opening and approach each other, reaching the opening edge, and the opening width is narrower than the internal width. A building material for joinery, characterized in that the recess is filled with a thermally expandable member such that its surface is below the surface of the main building material body.

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