Laminates, cards, passports, and methods for manufacturing the same.

Abstract

This laminate body is provided with a resin layer (a) which contains a polycarbonate resin (A) having structural units (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a moiety represented by formula (1) in part of the structure, and a resin layer (b) which contains a laser coloring agent and a polycarbonate resin (B) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the resin layer (a).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminates, cards, and passports, and more particularly to laminates usable for laser marking, as well as cards and passports having such laminates. [Background technology]

[0002] Credit cards, debit cards, ID cards, tag cards, and insurance cards are manufactured by stacking multiple card sheets, heating and fusing the sheets together using a vacuum press, and then punching them out into card shapes. Passports are also manufactured in a similar manner, by stacking multiple card sheets and heating and fusing them together. These cards and passports are marked with letters, barcodes, and other information using lasers. For example, YAG lasers are used to write individual card numbers, lot numbers, personal information, and photographs onto the cards. By writing various types of information onto cards and passports using lasers in this way, personal information can be prevented from being lost due to wear and tear or deterioration over time. Furthermore, laser marking can be performed using a simple process, making it highly valuable from an industrial standpoint and attracting attention.

[0003] As a sheet used for laser marking, a multilayer sheet is known that comprises a core layer containing a laser colorant and skin layers provided on both sides of the core layer. Patent Document 1 discloses such a multilayer sheet in which the skin layer is a transparent resin layer mainly composed of amorphous aromatic polyester resin, and the core layer is a transparent resin layer mainly composed of polycarbonate resin. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 shows a multilayer sheet consisting of transparent resin layers containing polycarbonate resin as the main component in both the core layer and the skin layer, and specifically, bisphenol A polycarbonate is used as the polycarbonate resin. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2013-001087 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-194757 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] Laser marking sheets used for cards and passports are used for long periods in various environments and undergo various processing, so they require heat resistance, scratch resistance, and hydrolysis resistance. In addition, adhesives are required if the thermal fusion with other sheets is poor, and solvent resistance is required when an image-receiving layer is used for printing facial photographs, or when contact with ink is made when designs or security printing is performed. Furthermore, when manufacturing cards or passports by heat-fusing multiple card sheets, low-temperature thermal fusion is sometimes required, allowing for heat fusion at low temperatures.

[0006] However, the multilayer sheet described in Patent Document 1, having a skin layer mainly composed of amorphous aromatic polyester resin, exhibits good low-temperature heat-sealing properties, but its heat resistance and scratch resistance are insufficient. Furthermore, in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, transesterification reactions and hydrolysis may occur between the amorphous aromatic polyester resin of the skin layer and the polycarbonate resin of the core layer, resulting in insufficient hydrolysis resistance.

[0007] On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 2, using a multilayer sheet containing a skin layer mainly composed of bisphenol polycarbonate results in good heat resistance, but low-temperature heat fusion properties and scratch resistance are insufficient. Furthermore, insufficient solvent resistance leads to problems such as solvent penetration causing cracks and whitening. In other words, it is difficult to achieve a good balance of scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties in the multilayer sheets used in conventional laser marking.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminate that can well balance heat resistance, abrasion resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that, for example, in a laminate used as a laser marking sheet, the above problems can be solved by using a specific polycarbonate resin for the resin of each layer, and thus completed the following present invention. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to

[24] .

[0010] [1] A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) containing a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a site represented by the following formula (1) in a part of the structure, A laminate comprising: a resin layer (b) containing a polycarbonate resin (B) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the resin layer (a) and a laser coloring agent.

Chemical formula

[10] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein the kurtosis (Rku) of at least one surface of the laminate is 3.0 or less.

[11] The laminate according to any one of [1] to

[10] above, wherein the maximum height roughness (Rz) of at least one surface of the laminate is 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

[12] The laminate according to any one of [1] to

[11] above, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of at least one surface of the laminate is 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less.

[13] A laminate used for cards, as described in any of [1] to

[12] above.

[14] A laminate as described in any of [1] to

[12] above, for use in a passport.

[15] A card comprising the laminate described in any of [1] to

[12] above.

[16] A passport comprising the laminate described in any of [1] to

[12] above.

[17] A method of using any of the laminates described in [1] to

[12] above in a card or passport.

[18] A method according to

[17] above, wherein the laminate is laser marked.

[19] Use of the laminate described in any of [1] to

[12] above on a card or passport.

[20] The use described in

[19] above, wherein the laminate is laser marked.

[21] A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), The resin layer (a) comprises a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, with an area of ​​400 cm². 2 The following is a laminate. [ka] However, this excludes cases where the part represented by formula (1) is part of -CH2-OH.

[22] A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for producing a laminate, comprising laminating at least one resin layer (b) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a) and a laser coloring agent. [ka] However, this excludes cases where the part represented by formula (1) is part of -CH2-OH.

[23] A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for manufacturing a card having a laminate comprising a resin layer (a) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, A method for manufacturing a card, comprising at least the steps of overlapping and fusing the laminate with another film, and laser marking by laser irradiation. [ka] However, this excludes cases where the part represented by formula (1) is part of -CH2-OH.

[24] A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for manufacturing a passport having a laminate comprising a resin layer (a) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, A method for manufacturing a passport, comprising at least the steps of laminating and fusing the laminate with another film, and laser marking by laser irradiation. [ka] However, this excludes cases where the part represented by formula (1) is part of -CH2-OH. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the laminate of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a good balance of heat resistance, scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a card. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a passport. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Furthermore, the terms "film" and "sheet" used in the following description are not clearly distinguished, and the term "film" includes "sheet," and the term "sheet" includes "film."

[0014] <Laminate> The laminate of the present invention is a laminate having at least two layers, a resin layer (a) and a resin layer (b). The resin layer (a) and the resin layer (b) will be described in detail below.

[0015] [Resin layer (a)] The resin layer (a) contains a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as structural unit (A1)) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a portion represented by the following formula (1) in part of its structure.

[0016] [ka] However, this excludes cases where the part represented by formula (1) is part of -CH2-OH. That is, the dihydroxy compound refers to one that contains two hydroxyl groups and at least the part represented by formula (1).

[0017] In the present invention, as described later, by using a polycarbonate resin (B) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the resin layer (a) for the resin layer (b), and using a polycarbonate resin (A) having the above structure for the resin layer (a), it is possible to achieve a good balance of heat resistance, scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties. Furthermore, the polycarbonate resin (A) having the above structure can be manufactured using plant-derived raw materials, thereby reducing the environmental impact.

[0018] Dihydroxy compounds having a moiety represented by formula (1) as part of their structure are not particularly limited as long as they have the structure represented by formula (1) in their molecule, but specifically include 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-isopropylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-isobutylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-tert-butylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-isobutylphenyl)fluorene Examples include compounds having aromatic groups in the side chain and ether groups bonded to the aromatic groups in the main chain, such as 9,9-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-phenylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)fluorene, and 9,9-(4-(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)phenyl)fluorene, as well as dihydroxy compounds having a cyclic ether structure, such as dihydroxy compounds represented by formula (2) below and spiroglycols represented by formula (3) below.

[0019] Among the above, dihydroxy compounds having a cyclic ether structure are preferred, and anhydrous sugar alcohols represented by formula (2) are particularly preferred. More specifically, dihydroxy compounds represented by formula (2) include isosorbide, isomannide, and isoidette, which are stereoisomers of each other. In addition, dihydroxy compounds represented by the following formula (3) include 3,9-bis(1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane (common name: spiroglycol), 3,9-bis(1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane, and 3,9-bis(1,1-dipropyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane. These can be used individually, or two or more can be used in combination.

[0020] [ka] [ka] In formula (3), R1 to R4 are each independently alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0021] The dihydroxy compound represented by formula (2) is an ether diol that can be produced from carbohydrates using plant-derived materials as raw materials. In particular, isosorbide can be produced inexpensively by hydrogenating and then dehydrating D-glucose obtained from starch, and it is readily available as a resource. For these reasons, isosorbide is the most preferred choice.

[0022] The polycarbonate resin (A) may further contain structural units other than structural unit (A1) as structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds, and it is preferable that it contains structural units derived from at least one dihydroxy compound selected from aliphatic dihydroxy compounds and alicyclic dihydroxy compounds (hereinafter sometimes referred to as structural unit (A2)).

[0023] Aliphatic dihydroxy compounds are not particularly limited in terms of the number of carbon atoms, but preferably have about 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Specifically, examples include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 2-ethyl-1,6-hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, hydrogenated dilinoleyl glycol, hydrogenated dioleyl glycol, and the like. Preferably, at least one selected from ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, and 1,12-dodecanediol is used, and more preferably, at least one selected from ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,6-hexanediol is used. In addition, structural units derived from aliphatic dihydroxy compounds can be used, for example, those described in International Publication No. 2004 / 111106.

[0024] The structural units derived from the alicyclic dihydroxy compound preferably include at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the six-membered ring structure may be fixed in a chair-like or boat-like shape by covalent bonds. By including structural units derived from alicyclic dihydroxy compounds of these structures, the heat resistance of the resulting polycarbonate resin (A) can be improved. The number of carbon atoms in the alicyclic dihydroxy compound is, for example, 5 to 70, preferably 6 to 50, and more preferably 8 to 30. Preferably, the alicyclic dihydroxy compound is at least one selected from cyclohexanedimethanol, tricyclodecanedimethanol, adamantanediol, and pentacyclopentadecanedimethanol. From the viewpoint of economy and heat resistance, cyclohexanedimethanol or tricyclodecanedimethanol is more preferred, and cyclohexanedimethanol is even more preferred. Of the cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol is particularly preferred because it is readily available industrially. Furthermore, structural units derived from alicyclic dihydroxy compounds, as described in International Publication No. 2007 / 148604, can also be used.

[0025] The content of structural units (A1) in polycarbonate resin (A) is preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably 40 mol% or more, even more preferably 45 mol% or more, and preferably 75 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, and even more preferably 65 mol% or less, among the structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds. By keeping it within this range, discoloration caused by the carbonate structure and discoloration caused by trace amounts of impurities due to the use of plant resource materials can be effectively suppressed, making it easier to improve the transparency of the laminate. Furthermore, it tends to be possible to achieve a suitable balance of physical properties such as moldability, mechanical strength, and heat resistance, which is difficult to achieve with polycarbonate resin composed only of structural units (A1). On the other hand, the content of structural units (A2) in polycarbonate resin (A) is preferably 25 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, even more preferably 35 mol% or more, and also preferably 70 mol% or less, more preferably 60 mol% or less, and even more preferably 55 mol% or less, among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound.

[0026] The polycarbonate resin (A) preferably consists of structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds, namely structural unit (A1) and structural unit (A2). However, other structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds may also be included, as long as they do not impair the objectives of the present invention. Specifically, this may involve copolymerizing a small amount of aromatic ring-containing dihydroxy compounds, such as bisphenols like 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (commonly known as bisphenol A). Using aromatic ring-containing dihydroxy compounds is expected to efficiently improve heat resistance and moldability, but excessive amounts tend to cause problems with weather resistance. Therefore, it is best to use them in an amount that does not impair weather resistance. Examples of aromatic ring-containing dihydroxy compounds other than bisphenol A include α,α'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-m-diisopropylbenzene (bisphenol M), 9,9-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)fluorene, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfide, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane (bisphenol C), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (bisphenol AF), and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)decane.

[0027] The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is, for example, 70°C or higher, preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 90°C or higher, and also, for example, 155°C or lower, preferably 130°C or lower, more preferably 120°C or lower. Furthermore, it is generally preferable that the polycarbonate resin (A) has a single glass transition temperature. By setting the glass transition temperature within the above range, it becomes easier to achieve low-temperature thermal fusion properties, and furthermore, it becomes easier to impart heat resistance to the laminate. The glass transition temperature can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the ratio of each structural unit constituting the polycarbonate resin (A). The glass transition temperatures of resins (A) and (B) can be obtained by measuring the temperature dispersion of dynamic viscoelasticity using a viscoelastic spectrometer. Detailed measurement conditions should be carried out as described in the examples.

[0028] Polycarbonate resin (A) can be produced by commonly used polymerization methods, including the phosgene method and the transesterification method involving reaction with diester carbonate. Among these, the transesterification method is preferred, in which a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by formula (1) and other dihydroxy compounds are reacted with diester carbonate in the presence of a polymerization catalyst. The transesterification method is a polymerization method in which a dihydroxy compound, diester carbonate, a basic catalyst, and an acidic substance to neutralize the catalyst are mixed, and a transesterification reaction is carried out. Examples of diester carbonates include diphenyl carbonate, ditrile carbonate, bis(chlorophenyl) carbonate, m-cresyl carbonate, dinaphthyl carbonate, bis(biphenyl) carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, and dicyclohexyl carbonate, among which diphenyl carbonate is preferably used.

[0029] The molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin (A) can be expressed in terms of reduced viscosity. From the viewpoint of imparting mechanical strength, the reduced viscosity is preferably 0.3 dL / g or more, and more preferably 0.35 dL / g or more. From the viewpoint of improving productivity and moldability by increasing fluidity during molding, the reduced viscosity is preferably 1.2 dL / g or less, more preferably 1 dL / g or less, and more preferably 0.8 dL / g or less. The reduced viscosity is measured using a Ubbelohde viscometer at a temperature of 20.0°C ± 0.1°C, after precisely preparing the polycarbonate resin concentration to 0.6 g / dL using dichloromethane as the solvent.

[0030] The resin layer (a) may use only polycarbonate resin (A) as the resin, but may also contain resins other than polycarbonate resin (A) to the extent that it does not contradict the spirit of the present invention. As such a resin, it is preferable to use a commonly used known resin, but it is preferable to use a resin that is compatible with polycarbonate resin (A). Using a compatible resin tends to prevent a decrease in the transparency of the laminate. The resin constituting the resin layer (a) preferably contains polycarbonate resin (A) as the main component, and the amount of polycarbonate resin (A) is, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass, based on the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a).

[0031] The resin layer (a) may optionally contain colorants such as coloring pigments and dyes. The amount of colorant is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the contrast of the print, it is preferable to include it in an amount that does not reduce visibility.

[0032] [Resin layer (b)] The resin layer (b) contains a polycarbonate resin other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the resin layer (a) (hereinafter also referred to as polycarbonate resin (B)) and a laser coloring agent. The laminate of the present invention has a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, and can therefore be used as a laser marking sheet that develops color when irradiated with a laser. Furthermore, by using polycarbonate resin (B) for the resin layer (b), the heat resistance and mechanical strength of the laminate can be improved while also providing excellent laser color development.

[0033] As the polycarbonate resin (B), any polycarbonate resin other than the polycarbonate resin (A) having the above-described structural unit (A1) may be used, but it is preferable to use bisphenol-based polycarbonate. Using bisphenol-based polycarbonate makes it easier to achieve excellent various mechanical properties, heat resistance, and laser color development properties.

[0034] Bisphenol-based polycarbonate refers to a material in which 50 mol% or more, preferably 70 mol% or more, and more preferably 90 mol% or more of the structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds are derived from bisphenol. Bisphenol-based polycarbonate may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer. Furthermore, bisphenol-based polycarbonate may have a branched structure, a linear structure, or a mixture of a resin with a branched structure and a resin with only a linear structure.

[0035] Specific examples of bisphenols include 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A), 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylethane (bisphenol AP), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (bisphenol AF), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane (bisphenol B), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)diphenylmethane (bisphenol BP), 2,2-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol C), 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (bisphenol E), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F), 2,2-bis( Examples include 4-hydroxy-3-isopropylphenyl)propane (bisphenol G), 1,3-bis(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propyl)benzene (bisphenol M), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (bisphenol S), 1,4-bis(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propyl)benzene (bisphenol P), 5,5'-(1-methylethylidene)-bis[1,1'-(bisphenyl)-2-ol]propane (bisphenol PH), 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (bisphenol TMC), and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane (bisphenol Z). Bisphenols may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0036] As the bisphenol, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, i.e., bisphenol A, is preferably used, but a portion of bisphenol A may be replaced with other bisphenols. In the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound, the structural units derived from bisphenol A are preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, and most preferably 100 mol%. Therefore, bisphenol A homopolycarbonate is most preferred as the polycarbonate resin (B).

[0037] The method for producing the bisphenol-based polycarbonate used as polycarbonate resin (B) may be any known method, such as the phosgene method, the transesterification method, or the pyridine method. For example, the transesterification method is a manufacturing method that involves melt transesterification polymerization of bisphenol and diester carbonate using a basic catalyst, and further adding an acidic substance to neutralize the basic catalyst. Specific examples of diester carbonate are listed in the above-mentioned polycarbonate resin (A), with diphenyl carbonate being particularly preferred.

[0038] The mass-average molecular weight of the bisphenol-based polycarbonate used in the present invention is typically 10,000 or more, preferably 30,000 or more, and also typically 100,000 or less, preferably 80,000 or less, based on a balance between mechanical properties and moldability. Furthermore, the mass-average molecular weight can be measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with polystyrene as the standard substance. Furthermore, the viscosity-average molecular weight of bisphenol-based polycarbonates is typically 12,000 or higher, preferably 15,000 or higher, more preferably 20,000 or higher, and even more preferably 22,000 or higher, while also typically in the range of 40,000 or lower, preferably 35,000 or lower, more preferably 30,000 or lower, and even more preferably 28,000 or lower, based on a balance between mechanical properties and moldability. The viscosity-average molecular weight is measured using dichloromethane as the solvent and an Ubbelohde viscometer to determine the intrinsic viscosity ([η]) (unit dl / g) at a temperature of 20°C, using Schnell's viscosity formula: η = 1.23 × 10⁻⁶ -4 M 0.83 It can be calculated from the formula.

[0039] The glass transition temperature of polycarbonate resin (B) is preferably higher than that of polycarbonate resin (A), for example, 110°C to 200°C. Furthermore, it is preferably 125°C or higher, more preferably 135°C or higher, even more preferably 140°C or higher, and also preferably 175°C or lower, more preferably 170°C or lower, and even more preferably 165°C or lower. Furthermore, polycarbonate resin (B) typically has a single glass transition temperature. By setting the glass transition temperature above the above upper limit, appropriate heat resistance is achieved, sheet foaming is less likely to occur even when irradiated with high-power laser light, and laser printability and appearance are improved. Conversely, setting it below the above upper limit improves moldability and other properties.

[0040] (Laser colorant) The laser colorant contained in the resin layer (b) is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of generating heat when irradiated with a laser beam. It may be a so-called self-coloring colorant that itself develops color when irradiated with laser light, or it may not develop color itself. When the laser colorant generates heat, at least the surrounding forming material carbonizes, and the desired printing appears on the resin layer (b). Furthermore, if a self-coloring laser colorant is used, the color development of the laser colorant and the color development of carbides produced by the carbonization of the forming material of the laminate synergistically result in printing with a deep color and excellent visibility. When the laser colorant develops color, the color is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of visibility, it is preferable to use a laser colorant that can develop into a deep color including black, navy blue, and brown.

[0041] The laser colorant may be a metal oxide or a compound other than a metal oxide. The metal oxide is not limited as long as it has a laser coloring effect, and examples include iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, bismuth oxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, tungsten oxide, neodymium oxide, mica, hydrotalcite, montmorillonite, and smectite. In addition to metal oxides, other laser colorants include metals such as iron, copper, zinc, tin, gold, silver, cobalt, nickel, bismuth, antimony, and aluminum, as well as their salts such as iron chloride, iron nitrate, iron phosphate, copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper phosphate, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc phosphate, nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, bismuth subcarbonate, and bismuth nitrate. Metal hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide, lanthanum hydroxide, nickel hydroxide, and bismuth hydroxide, as well as metal borides such as zirconium boride, titanium boride, and lanthanum boride, can also be used. Among metal borides, hexaborides are preferred because they have near-infrared absorption capabilities, and lanthanum hexaboride is particularly favored due to its excellent laser light absorption efficiency. Furthermore, dyes such as leuco dyes like fluorane, phenothiazine, spiropyran, triphenylmetaphthalide, and rhodamine lactam, as well as carbon black, can also be used. Laser colorants may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0042] As the laser colorant used in the resin layer (b), it is preferable to use a metal oxide from the viewpoint of laser printability. In particular, from the viewpoint of laser coloring effect and cost, it is preferable to use a bismuth-based metal oxide such as bismuth oxide or a metal oxide containing bismuth and at least one metal selected from Zn, Ti, Al, Zr, Sr, Nd, and Nb, and among these, it is more preferable to use bismuth oxide. Bismuth oxide produces good color even in relatively small amounts, so it is possible to achieve excellent laser coloration without impairing the transparency of the resin layer (b).

[0043] The average particle size of the laser colorant is preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less, still more preferably 3 μm or less, and particularly preferably 2 μm or less. If the particle size is 10 μm or less, there is no risk of significant reduction in transparency. Here, the particle size means the median diameter (d50) determined by the laser diffraction / scattering method. The average particle size of the laser colorant is not limited with respect to the lower limit, but is preferably 0.05 μm or more, more preferably 0.1 μm or more, and still more preferably 0.3 μm or more from the viewpoints of printing performance and productivity. Examples of commercially available metal oxides include "42-903A", "42-920A" manufactured by TOMATEC Co., Ltd., and "Iriotec 8820", "Iriotec 8825" manufactured by Merck Performance Materials Co., Ltd. When using a metal oxide as the laser colorant, only the metal oxide may be used, or a metal oxide and a compound other than the metal oxide may be used in combination.

[0044] The content of the laser colorant in the resin layer (b) is preferably 0.5 μg / cm per unit area. By setting the content of the laser colorant to the above lower limit value or more, the printability can be improved. From the viewpoint of printability, the content of the laser colorant is more preferably 3 μg / cm 2 or more, still more preferably 7 μg / cm 2 or more, even more preferably 10 μg / cm 2 or more, still even more preferably 30 μg / cm 2 or more, particularly preferably 50 μg / cm 2 or more, especially preferably 70 μg / cm 2 or more, and most preferably 70 μg / cm 2 or more. Also, the content of the laser colorant in the resin layer (b) is preferably 350 μg / cm or less. By setting the content to the above upper limit value or less, the transparency and mechanical properties of the laminate can be improved. From these viewpoints, the content of the laser colorant is more preferably 320 μg / cm 2 or less, still more preferably 300 μg / cm 2 or less. 2The following is even more preferable: 280 μg / cm³ 2 The following is particularly preferred: 260 μg / cm³ 2 The following is the most preferable.

[0045] Furthermore, the content of the laser colorant in the resin layer (b) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.03 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.06 parts by mass or more, and also preferably 3 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 1 part by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.8 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the resin layer (b).

[0046] When using a laser colorant other than carbon black, the content is as described above. However, when using carbon black as the laser colorant, the carbon black content is 0.002 μg / cm³. 2 The above is preferable, and 0.009 μg / cm³ 2 The above is more preferable, 0.018 μg / cm³ 2 The above is even more preferable, 0.1 μg / cm³ 2 The above is particularly preferable. Also, 14 μg / cm³ 2 The following is preferred: 7 μg / cm³ 2 The following is more preferable: 1.4 μg / cm³ 2 The following is even more preferable: 0.7 μg / cm³ 2 The following are particularly preferable.

[0047] Furthermore, when carbon black is used as a laser colorant in the resin layer (b), the content is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.0001 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more, and preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 0.01 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.005 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the resin layer (b).

[0048] The resin layer (b) may use only polycarbonate resin (B) as the resin, but may also contain resins other than polycarbonate resin (B) to the extent that it does not contradict the spirit of the present invention. As such a resin, it is preferable to use a commonly used known resin, but it is preferable to use a resin that is compatible with polycarbonate resin (B). By using a compatible resin, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the transparency of the laminate. The resin constituting the resin layer (b) preferably contains polycarbonate resin (B) as the main component, and the amount of polycarbonate resin (B) is, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass, based on the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (b).

[0049] Furthermore, resin layers (a) and (b) may each contain various additives other than those mentioned above, to the extent that they do not impair their properties, or to further improve physical properties other than those targeted by the present invention. Examples of additives include antioxidants, heat stabilizers, process stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, matting agents, impact resistance modifiers, processing aids, metal deactivators, residual polymerization catalyst deactivators, antibacterial and antifungal agents, antiviral agents, antistatic agents, lubricants, flame retardants, and fillers, which are commonly used in a wide range of resin materials. For these as well, the amount used should be the amount normally used, depending on the purpose of use.

[0050] [Layer composition] In the laminate, the resin layer (a) may be provided on at least one side of the resin layer (b), or it may be provided on both sides of the resin layer (b). Therefore, examples of laminated structures of the resin layer (a) and resin layer (b) include a two-layer configuration of resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) and a three-layer configuration of resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a). The resin layer (a) is preferably provided on both sides of the resin layer (b), and therefore, a layer configuration of resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a) is preferred as the laminated structure.

[0051] By providing resin layer (a) on at least one side of resin layer (b), it is possible to protect resin layer (b) and improve scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and solvent resistance while also providing low-temperature heat sealability. However, by providing resin layer (a) on both sides of resin layer (b), resin layer (b) is protected more reliably, and scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and solvent resistance are further improved. It is also possible to provide low-temperature heat sealability to both surfaces of the laminate. Furthermore, while it is preferable that the resin layer (a) is directly laminated onto the resin layer (b), other layers such as an anchor coat layer may be provided between the resin layer (a) and the resin layer (b) as needed. The functions of the anchor coat layer include solvent resistance, barrier properties, adhesive properties, whitening properties, concealment properties, cushioning properties, and antistatic properties.

[0052] [Dye-sublimation thermal transfer imaging layer (c)] The laminate of the present invention may have a sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) on at least one surface of the laminate. The sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is used as the image receiving layer when printing facial photographs or the like in full color with clarity. By providing an image receiving layer, the affinity between the printing ink and the surface of the laminate can be increased, making it possible to print clearly on the surface of the laminate. Examples of layer configurations when the laminate has a dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) include dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) / resin layer (a) / resin layer (b), resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) / resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a), and dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) / resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a) / dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c).

[0053] The sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) can be one of conventionally known types. For example, it can be constructed by adding various additives such as mold release agents to a varnish mainly composed of a resin that easily transfers or stains colorants, as needed.

[0054] The easily dyeable resin used in the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) can be a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene, a halogenated resin such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, a vinyl resin such as polyvinyl acetate and polyacrylic acid ester, and copolymers thereof, a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, a polystyrene resin, a polyamide resin, a copolymer of an olefin such as ethylene or propylene with other vinyl monomers, an ionomer, a cellulose derivative, or a mixture thereof, and among these, polyester resins and vinyl resins are preferred.

[0055] A sublimation-type thermal transfer image receiving layer can be formed by dissolving and dispersing the above-mentioned resin in an organic solvent or a solvent such as water and then applying it. The organic solvent is not particularly limited, but methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), toluene, ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture thereof can be used.

[0056] In the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), further additives such as stabilizers like epoxy compounds, ultraviolet absorbers to improve weather resistance, and defoamers and surfactants to improve coating suitability can be used as appropriate.

[0057] A release agent may be added to the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) to prevent the image receiving layer from thermally fusing with the thermal transfer sheet during image formation. Silicone oil, phosphate ester plasticizers, and fluorine compounds can be used as release agents, with silicone oil being preferred. The amount of release agent added is preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the resin forming the image receiving layer (c). Instead of adding and mixing the release agent into the image receiving layer material, a release agent layer may be laminated onto the surface of the image receiving layer (c). Furthermore, fluorescent bleaching agents and other additives may be added to the image receiving layer (c) as needed.

[0058] Furthermore, an anchor coat layer may be provided between the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) and the resin layer (a) or resin layer (b) as appropriate. The functions of the anchor coat layer include solvent resistance, barrier performance, adhesive performance, whitening ability, opacity, cushioning, and antistatic properties.

[0059] Furthermore, the anchor coat layer may be formed by dispersing an antistatic conductive substance, such as conductive needle-shaped crystals, in a binder made of thermoplastic resin. Examples of conductive needle-shaped crystals include those obtained by treating the surface of needle-shaped crystals of potassium titanate, titanium oxide, aluminum borate, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc., with a conductive agent. By imparting antistatic properties to the anchor coat layer, transport problems such as double feeding can be prevented when supplying the laminate of the present invention to a thermal transfer printer as a thermal transfer image receiving sheet.

[0060] The dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is usually provided on the front surface of the laminate (i.e., the side that is visible when laminated, such as in a card or passport). The dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) can be formed by coating a thin film onto at least one side of a laminated structure having a resin layer (a) and a resin layer (b), and then going through a drying process. Conventional known methods can be used as the coating method.

[0061] In the present invention, from the viewpoint of improving low-temperature thermal fusion properties with other members such as sheets, it is preferable that the resin layer (a) is provided on the surface of the laminate. Therefore, preferred layer configurations of the laminate of the present invention include, when the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is not provided, either resin layer (a) / resin layer (b), resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a), or, when the sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is provided, either resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), or sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) / resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a).

[0062] (Pencil hardness) The laminate of the present invention preferably has a pencil hardness of 3B or higher on at least one surface, more preferably 2B or higher, and even more preferably B or higher. The higher the pencil hardness of the surface of the laminate of the present invention, the greater the scratch resistance, making it easier to suppress surface scratches and loss of transparency during the manufacture of cards, passports, etc. It is preferable that the surface of the laminate, which is composed of resin layer (a), has the above-mentioned pencil hardness.

[0063] (Glass transition temperature) The glass transition temperature of the laminate of the present invention is preferably 80°C to 150°C. More preferably 85°C or higher, even more preferably 90°C or higher, particularly preferably 95°C or higher, even more preferably 140°C or lower, even more preferably 130°C or lower, and particularly preferably 120°C or lower. By setting the glass transition temperature within the above range, low-temperature thermal fusion properties can be achieved, and furthermore, sufficient heat resistance can be imparted to the laminate. The glass transition temperature can be obtained by measuring the temperature dispersion of dynamic viscoelasticity using a viscoelastic spectrometer. Detailed measurement methods should be carried out as described in the examples.

[0064] (Total light transmittance) It is preferable that the laminate has high transparency, such that resin layer (a) and resin layer (b) are transparent, and if the laminate has a dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), the dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is also transparent. Specifically, the laminate preferably has a total light transmittance of 84% or more, more preferably 85% or more, even more preferably 86% or more, and most preferably 88% or more, in accordance with the old JIS K7105. By increasing the transparency of the laminate, it is possible to increase the contrast between the non-printed portion and the printed portion in resin layer (b). The upper limit of the total light transmittance is preferably higher, preferably 100%, but it may be 99%.

[0065] (Layer thickness) In the laminate, the thickness of each resin layer (a) is preferably 5 μm or more. A thickness of 5 μm or more allows the resin layer (a) to fully perform its function, resulting in good performance in various aspects such as scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties. The thickness of each resin layer (a) is more preferably 6 μm or more, even more preferably 8 μm or more, even more preferably 11 μm or more, and particularly preferably 14 μm or more. While laminates generally tend to have reduced flexibility as their thickness increases, in this laminate, by using specific polycarbonate resins (A) and (B) for the resin layers (a) and (b), it is possible to prevent a decrease in flexibility even with relatively large thicknesses, for example, after long-term use under high humidity conditions. Furthermore, in the laminate, the thickness of each resin layer (a) is preferably 50 μm or less. By keeping the thickness of each resin layer (a) below the above upper limit, the laminate can be made to have good scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties without making it unnecessarily thick. It is also possible to prevent a decrease in flexibility. The thickness of each resin layer (a) is more preferably 45 μm or less, even more preferably 40 μm or less, and even more preferably 30 μm or less.

[0066] Furthermore, the thickness of the resin layer (b) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 μm or more. By setting the thickness to above the lower limit, it is easier to improve laser printability and mechanical strength. The thickness of the resin layer (b) is more preferably 20 μm or more, even more preferably 30 μm or more, even more preferably 40 μm or more, and particularly preferably 50 μm or more. Furthermore, the thickness of the resin layer (b) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 μm or less. By keeping the thickness of the resin layer (b) below the above upper limit, laser printing with excellent color development can be performed without making the laminate unnecessarily thick. The thickness of the resin layer (b) is more preferably 180 μm or less, even more preferably 160 μm or less, even more preferably 140 μm or less, and particularly preferably 120 μm or less.

[0067] The thickness of the dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 1 μm or more, and also preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or less, and even more preferably 8 μm or less.

[0068] The laminate of the present invention is in the form of a sheet, and its total thickness is preferably 15 μm or more, more preferably 30 μm or more, even more preferably 40 μm or more, preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 250 μm or less, even more preferably 200 μm or less, and even more preferably 160 μm or less. In the laminate, the ratio (b / a) of the thickness of each resin layer (b) to the thickness of resin layer (a) is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, even more preferably 2 or more, even more preferably 2.5 or more, particularly preferably 3 or more, and also preferably 10 or less, more preferably 9 or less, even more preferably 8 or less, even more preferably 7 or less, particularly preferably 6 or less. By keeping the ratio of the thicknesses of resin layer (b) to resin layer (a) within the above range, it becomes easier to improve various performance aspects while also improving laser printability.

[0069] (Surface properties) The laminate of the present invention preferably has surface characteristics in which at least one surface has a certain roughness, as described below. Specifically, at least one surface of the laminate of the present invention preferably has a maximum height roughness (Rz) of 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less. Furthermore, at least one surface of the laminate of the present invention preferably has an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less. When the maximum height roughness (Rz) or arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the laminate surface is equal to or greater than the lower limit mentioned above, the roughness becomes of an appropriate size, making it slippery and improving handling, for example, when manufacturing cards and passports. Furthermore, when stacking the laminates during storage after processing, the printed surface on the laminate surface is prevented from sticking to other materials (so-called blocking), making it less likely for defects such as peeling of the printed surface to occur. On the other hand, if the maximum height roughness (Rz) or arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the laminate surface is below the above upper limit, the roughness is kept to a constant level, making it easier for printing to adhere to the laminate surface and improving printability on the laminate surface. In addition, the amount of crushing of surface irregularities when heat pressing is suppressed, the amount of thickness reduction during heat pressing is small, and the thickness design of the card structure becomes easier. Furthermore, it is more preferable that both Rz and Ra of at least one surface of the laminate are within the above range.

[0070] Furthermore, it is preferable that at least one surface of the laminate has a crustosis (Rku) of 3.0 or less. Crustosis (Rku) represents the mean fourth power of Z(x) in a dimensionless reference length obtained by raising the root mean square height Rq to the fourth power, and represents the degree of roughness, which is a measure of surface sharpness. Therefore, a smaller crustosis (Rku) allows the print to adhere better to the laminate surface and is easier to fix. In addition, it is preferable that at least one of the surfaces of the laminate has a crustosis (Rku) of 3.0 or less, and more preferably that one of Rz and Ra is within the above range, and more preferably that both Rz and Ra are within the above range.

[0071] The above-mentioned maximum height roughness (Rz) is more preferably 3 μm or more, even more preferably 5 μm or more, and more preferably 15 μm or less, and even more preferably 12 μm or less. Furthermore, the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) is more preferably 0.3 μm or more, even more preferably 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 3.5 μm or less, and even more preferably 2.5 μm or less. On the other hand, a kurtosis (Rku) of 2.9 or less is more preferable, and 2.8 or less is even more preferable. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations regarding the lower limit of the kurtosis (Rku), but for example, it may be 1 or more, and preferably 1.2 or more.

[0072] In the present invention, it is preferable that at least one surface of the laminate has a root mean square height (Rq), maximum peak height (Rp), maximum valley depth (Rv), maximum cross-sectional height (Rt), or skewness (Rsk) within the following predetermined range. Having the following surface characteristics provides the laminate surface with appropriate slipperiness for good handling, facilitates the adhesion of prints to the laminate surface, and improves printability on the laminate surface. Specifically, at least one surface of the laminate preferably has a root mean square height (Rq) of 0.1 μm or more, more preferably 0.6 μm or more, even more preferably 0.8 μm or more, and also preferably 6.5 μm or less, more preferably 4 μm or less, and even more preferably 3 μm or less. Furthermore, at least one surface of the laminate preferably has a maximum peak height (Rp) of 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 1 μm or more, even more preferably 1.5 μm or more, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 7.5 μm or less, and even more preferably 5 μm or less. Furthermore, at least one surface of the laminate preferably has a maximum valley depth (Rv) of 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 1.5 μm or more, even more preferably 2.5 μm or more, and also preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 8.5 μm or less, and even more preferably 7.5 μm or less. Furthermore, the maximum cross-sectional height (Rt) of at least one surface of the laminate is preferably 1 μm or more, more preferably 3 μm or more, even more preferably 5 μm or more, preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or less, and even more preferably 15 μm or less.

[0073] Furthermore, at least one surface of the laminate preferably has a skewness (Rsk) of -3 or higher, more preferably -2 or higher, even more preferably -1 or higher, and also preferably 3 or lower, more preferably 2 or lower, and even more preferably 1 or lower. Skewness (Rsk) represents the mean cube of Z(x) on a dimensionless reference length obtained by cube the root mean square height Rq, and it represents the symmetry between the peaks and troughs when the mean line is centered, i.e., the degree of distortion. In other words, Rsk is a parameter related to the height distribution. A positive value suggests that the height distribution is skewed downwards relative to the mean line, resulting in sharper peaks, while a negative value suggests that the height distribution is skewed upwards relative to the mean line, resulting in blunter peaks.

[0074] Preferably, at least one surface of the laminate having the specific surface characteristics described above is composed of a resin layer (a) or a sublimation-type thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), but more preferably of a resin layer (a). Furthermore, by composing at least one surface of the laminate with a resin layer (a) containing a specific polycarbonate resin (A), it becomes easier to obtain the various surface characteristics described above.

[0075] Furthermore, at least one surface of the laminate may be subjected to surface treatment such as matte finishing in order to obtain the above-mentioned surface characteristics. The method of surface treatment is not particularly limited, but a mirror-finish sheet may be formed and then matte finished on the surface separately using a mat roll or the like, or the casting roll described later may be made into a mat roll or a roll with appropriately adjusted surface roughness, and surface treatment such as matte finishing may be performed while forming the sheet. In addition, various methods such as transfer treatments such as emboss roll transfer, emboss belt transfer, and emboss film transfer, sandblasting, shot blasting, etching, engraving, and surface crystallization can be used. In particular, a method of adjusting the surface roughness to the desired level by casting a film-like molten resin onto a roll such as a casting roll is preferred because it allows for continuous and uniform adjustment of the surface roughness while extruding the molten resin into a film. In this case, the surface roughness of the laminate can be adjusted by adjusting the surface roughness, such as the arithmetic mean roughness, of the casting roll. The laminate may have one surface that possesses the specific surface properties described above, or both surfaces may possess the specific surface properties described above.

[0076] In the present invention, the resin layer (b) contains a resin other than the polycarbonate resin (A) as described above (hereinafter, for convenience, this may be referred to as resin (B1)). In the above description, an embodiment has been described in which the resin layer (b) in the laminate contains polycarbonate resin (B) as resin (B1), but the resin layer (b) does not have to contain polycarbonate resin (B) as resin (B1) other than polycarbonate resin (A). That is, the resin (B1) contained in the resin layer (b) may be composed of a resin other than polycarbonate resin. In this invention, even without using polycarbonate resin in the resin layer (b), by using the aforementioned predetermined polycarbonate resin (A) in the resin layer (a), various properties such as heat resistance, scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties can be improved. Furthermore, laser marking properties can also be improved.

[0077] Examples of resins other than polycarbonate resin used as resin (B1) include polyester resin, polyolefin resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene resin, polyamide resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, ethylene-vinyl alcohol resin, polycycloolefin resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene (meth)acrylate copolymer resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polyacetal resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, polyaryl ether ketone resin, polyimide resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyarylate resin, polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, and fluororesin. These resins may be used individually or in combination of two or more types. Furthermore, even if a resin other than polycarbonate resin (A) is used as the resin (B1) in the resin layer (b), the composition of the laminate other than the resin used in the resin layer (b) is as described above.

[0078] (Size of the laminate) The size of the laminate of this invention varies depending on the application, but for example, when used in a passport, the area of ​​the laminate is 400 cm². 2 Preferably, it is 350cm 2 It is more preferable that the following conditions apply: 300cm 2 It is even more preferable that the following conditions apply: 250 cm 2 It is even more preferable that the following conditions apply: 200 cm 2 It is even more preferable that the following conditions apply: 150cm 2 It is particularly preferable that the following conditions are met, and more preferably, 50 cm. 2 More preferably 80 cm 2 That's all. For example, when used in a passport, the shape is preferably a rectangle or other quadrilateral, with the length of one side preferably being 20 cm or less, more preferably 18 cm or less, even more preferably 16 cm or less, particularly preferably 14 cm or less, and also preferably 10 cm or more, and more preferably 11 cm or more. The length of the other side is preferably 15 cm or less, more preferably 13 cm or less, even more preferably 11 cm or less, even more preferably 10 cm or less, and also preferably 7 cm or more, and more preferably 8 cm or more. By forming a laminate of such size and shape, it can be suitably used in passports, and even more so in electronic passports, particularly as data pages for these.

[0079] The area of ​​the laminate is, for example, 200 cm² when used for cards. 2 Preferably, it is 150cm 2 It is more preferable that the following conditions apply: 100 cm 2 It is even more preferable that the following is true: 80cm 2 More preferably, the following is true: 60 cm 2 It is particularly preferable that the following conditions are met, and more preferably, 20 cm. 2 More preferably 30cm 2 That's all. Furthermore, when used for cards, for example, the shape is preferably a rectangle or other quadrilateral, and the length of one side is preferably 17 cm or less, more preferably 15 cm or less, even more preferably 13 cm or less, even more preferably 11 cm or less, and also preferably 6 cm or more, and more preferably 7.5 cm or more. The length of the other side is preferably 14 cm or less, more preferably 12 cm or less, even more preferably 10 cm or less, even more preferably 8 cm or less, and also preferably 4 cm or more, and even more preferably 4.5 cm or more. By creating a laminate of this size and shape, it can be suitably used as a card.

[0080] <Method for manufacturing laminates> Methods for manufacturing laminates include, for example, a method of laminating each layer by melt extrusion molding to a desired thickness (co-extrusion method), a method of forming each layer into a film of a desired thickness and laminating it, or a method of forming multiple layers by melt extrusion and laminating them with a separately formed film. Among these, lamination by melt extrusion molding is preferred in terms of productivity and cost.

[0081] Specifically, the resin or resin composition constituting each layer is prepared, or, if necessary, made into pellets, and then fed into each hopper of a multilayer T-die extruder with shared T-dies. Furthermore, it is melted at a temperature of, for example, 200 to 300°C and multilayer T-die melt extrusion is performed. Next, it is cooled and solidified using a cooling roll (casting roll) or the like. In this way, a laminate (laminated sheet) can be formed. Note that the method for manufacturing the laminate of the present invention is not limited to the above method, and may be manufactured by any method.

[0082] <How to use the laminate> As described above, the laminate of the present invention is suitable for use as a laser marking sheet. Furthermore, the laminate of the present invention can be used in various types of cards such as passports, IC cards, magnetic cards, driver's licenses, residence cards, qualification certificates, employee IDs, student IDs, My Number cards, seal registration certificates, vehicle registration certificates, tag cards, prepaid cards, cash cards, credit cards, ETC cards, SIM cards, and B-CAS cards. In various types of cards and passports, the laminate of the present invention can be used as a recording layer on which various types of information are printed.

[0083] The card and passport preferably have the above-described laminate and other films fused to the laminate, and are marked by laser marking. Such a card or passport may be manufactured, for example, by the following method. Specifically, first, the above-mentioned laminate is placed on top of another film and fused together by heat press molding or lamination molding to obtain a laminate for passports or cards (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a secondary molded body). When obtaining the secondary molded body, two or more of either the laminate or the other film may be used and stacked. Next, the obtained secondary molded body, preferably the portion of the secondary molded body made up of the laminate, is irradiated with laser light to perform laser marking, thereby marking personal names, symbols, characters, photographs, etc., to create a passport, electronic passport, or card with printed personal information. The other films mentioned above include resin films, such as core sheets and resin films for forming protective layers, which will be described later. The other films may also include hinge sheets and inlet sheets. Furthermore, the secondary molded body described above may be processed, for example, by die-cutting before laser marking, to a size suitable for a card or passport.

[0084] (card) For example, the card may include a core sheet in addition to the laminate, and the laminate of the present invention may be laminated on one or both sides of the core sheet. The card may also include a protective layer, and a protective layer formed from a resin film or the like may be further laminated on the surface of the laminate to protect the laminate.

[0085] Preferably, the card has the laminate of the present invention laminated on both sides of the core sheet. Specifically, a card 20A consisting of laminate 1 / core sheet 2 / laminated 1, as shown in Figure 1(a), or a card 20B consisting of protective layer 4 / laminated 1 / core sheet 2 / laminated 1 / protective layer 4, as shown in Figure 1(b), is preferred. Furthermore, as described above, the laminate may have a dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c), but the dye-sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c) is preferably provided on the front surface of the laminate, which is the side that is visible, i.e., on the side opposite to the core sheet. The same applies to the passport described later. The core sheet is preferably a resin sheet using polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, or a mixture thereof as the resin material, and is also preferably a colored sheet containing a coloring agent as appropriate. The thickness of the core sheet is, for example, about 400 to 700 μm. Examples of colorants used in core sheets include titanium dioxide, barium oxide, and zinc oxide as white pigments; iron oxide and titanium yellow as yellow pigments; iron oxide as red pigments; and cobalt blue as blue pigments. Dyes such as white dyes may also be used. However, to enhance contrast, lightly colored or pale-colored dyes are preferred. Among the above-mentioned colorants, white dyes and white pigments, which exhibit outstanding contrast, are more preferred. The protective layer suppresses, for example, the so-called "blistering" that occurs when the laser-printed area is irradiated with laser light. There are no particular restrictions on the resin used for the protective layer, but examples include polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, or mixtures thereof.

[0086] (passport) In the case of an electronic passport, the passport may, in addition to the laminate described above, include a hinge sheet and core sheets provided on both sides of the hinge sheet, with the laminate of the present invention laminated on the surface of the core sheets. The passport may also include a protective layer, and a protective layer formed from a resin film or the like may be further laminated on the surface of the laminate to protect it. Specifically, a passport 10A consisting of laminate 1 / core sheet 2 / hinge sheet 3 / core sheet 2 / laminated 1, as shown in Figure 2(a), or a passport 10B consisting of protective layer 4 / laminated 1 / core sheet 2 / hinge sheet 3 / core sheet 2 / laminated 1 / protective layer 4, as shown in Figure 2(b), is preferred.

[0087] Furthermore, the passport may have a sheet, so-called inlet sheet, on which various information is stored in a storage medium such as an IC chip. The inlet sheet may be placed, for example, between the hinge sheet and the core sheet. The hinge sheet is a sheet that holds the recording layer, core sheet, inlet sheet, etc., and plays a role in securely binding the passport cover together with other visa sheets, etc. Therefore, it is preferable that the hinge sheet has strong heat-sealing properties, appropriate flexibility, and heat resistance during the heat-sealing process.

[0088] The hinge sheet can be any known material and may be a resin sheet composed of thermoplastic resins or thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide resin, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane resin, or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer; it may be composed of woven fabric, knitted fabric, or nonwoven fabric; or it may be a composite material of woven fabric, knitted fabric, or nonwoven fabric with thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic elastomer. Furthermore, the core sheet in the passport is the same as described above, except that it is preferably 50 to 200 μm thick. The protective layer in the passport is as described above. [Examples]

[0089] Examples and comparative examples are shown below, but these do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0090] The evaluation and measurement methods are as follows: Glass transition temperature (heat resistance) Using a viscoelastic spectrometer "DVA-200" (manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.), dynamic viscoelastic temperature dispersion measurements were performed with a strain of 0.07%, a frequency of 1 Hz, and a heating rate of 3°C / min, referencing JIS K7244-4:1999. The temperature at which the main dispersion peak of the loss tangent (tanδ) was observed was defined as the glass transition temperature. In the case of two peaks, the lower-temperature peak was considered the glass transition temperature. The heat resistance of the laminates obtained in each example and comparative example was evaluated by measuring the glass transition temperature using the method described above. A higher glass transition temperature indicates better heat resistance in the laminate.

[0091] (2) Hot press processing test Using the electric sealer "Impulse Sealer OPL-200-10" (manufactured by Fuji Impulse Co., Ltd.), the laminated sheets obtained in each example and comparative example were heat-sealed together in a sheet width of 20 mm x length of 40 mm (heat-sealed length 10 mm, unheat-sealed length 30 mm) under the conditions of heating for 5 seconds, followed by cooling at 40°C for 5 seconds. Afterwards, a T-shaped peel test was performed by holding the unheat-sealed portion by hand to check whether the laminated sheet broke. The heating temperature was increased in 10°C increments, and the first temperature at which the sheet broke (breakage temperature) is shown in Table 1. Note that the breakage temperature is the temperature at which the laminated sheet fuses properly, and a lower temperature indicates superior low-temperature heat sealing performance.

[0092] (3) Bending test after moist heat test The laminated sheets obtained in each example and comparative example were stored in a constant temperature and humidity chamber "PR-1KPH" (manufactured by ESPEC Corporation) at 80°C and 90%RH for 40 days. After that, they were cut into 40mm x 40mm sheet sizes at room temperature, folded, and their hydrolysis resistance was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. OK: The sheet won't break. NG: The sheet will crack.

[0093] (4) Pencil hardness The surfaces of the laminated sheets obtained in the examples and comparative examples were smoothed by pressing with a hot press (hot press temperature as shown in Table 2, time 300 seconds, sheet pressure 1.4 MPa). The smooth surfaces of the obtained laminated sheets were tested at room temperature using a pencil scratch hardness tester (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) under conditions of a line drawing distance of 1 cm and a load of 500 g. After the test, scratches on the sheet surface were visually inspected and evaluated. The highest hardness at which no scratches were observed is shown in Table 1. Note that a higher highest hardness indicates higher scratch resistance. Note that if scratches were observed on the sheet surface even at 4B, it was evaluated as less than 4B.

[0094] (5) Solvent immersion test Under room temperature conditions, sheet samples were immersed in a petri dish containing a solvent for 1 minute, and their appearance was visually inspected and evaluated according to the following criteria. This test was conducted using ethyl acetate and toluene as the solvent, respectively. A: No change, or only a slight disappearance of the matte finish on the surface. B: It becomes slightly whiter. B-: Slight cracks present C: It turns completely white D: Melt

[0095] (6) Laser printability Cards fabricated using laminated sheets were laser printed at 51 μm / Step × 50% using Nidec Copal Corporation's "CLM-20," and the reflectance values ​​were measured using X-Rite's "eXact." Based on the reflectance values, the cards were evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. Table 2 shows the composition of the cards for each example and comparative example. The cards are made by stacking laminated sheets and core sheets (base resin:titanium oxide = 88:12 by mass as shown in Table 2) in the order of laminated sheet / core sheet / core sheet / laminated sheet, and then punching out the resulting laminate into a card shape (54 cm × 86 cm) by pressing it with a hot press machine (hot press temperature as shown in Table 2, time 300 seconds, sheet pressure 1.4 MPa). A: Reflectance value of 1.1 or higher B: Reflectance value is 0.7 or higher and less than 1.1 C: Reflectance value is less than 0.7

[0096] (7) Surface properties The surface properties of the laminated sheets in each example and comparative example were measured using a surface roughness measuring device "Surfcom 130A" (manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.) in accordance with ISO 1997, with a measurement speed of 0.6 mm / s, a measurement length of 5 mm, a cutoff value of 2.5 mm, and a Gaussian filter type. In each example and comparative example, the surface properties of the laminated surface on the side in contact with the casting roll were measured.

[0097] (8) Amount of laser colorant per unit area The amount of laser colorant per unit area was calculated according to the following formula. Amount of laser colorant per unit area (μg / cm²) 2 ) = Specific gravity of laser colorant (μg / cm³) 3) × Mass ratio of laser colorant in the laser colorant-containing layer (resin layer (b)) (%) × Thickness of the laser colorant-containing layer (cm) For example, in the case of Example 1, the calculation is as follows. 8.9 × 10 6 (Specific gravity) x 0.0026 (mass ratio) x 50 x (4÷6) x 10 -4 (Thickness) = 77

[0098] The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows: PETG: Amorphous aromatic polyester resin (polyethylene terephthalate in which 30 mol% of ethylene glycol is replaced with 1-4-cyclohexanedimethanol), glass transition temperature: 84°C PC1: Bisphenol A homopolycarbonate (interfacial polymerization method), mass-average molecular weight: approximately 53,000, glass transition temperature: 154°C PC2: Bisphenol A-based homopolycarbonate (melt polymerization), mass-average molecular weight: approximately 72,000, glass transition temperature: 160°C PC3: Bisphenol A-based homopolycarbonate (interfacial polymerization method), mass-average molecular weight: approximately 72,000, glass transition temperature: 159°C ISP: A polycarbonate resin obtained by melt polymerization using isosorbide and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as dihydroxy compounds, such that the ratio of structural units derived from isosorbide to those derived from 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol is 50:50 (mol%). Glass transition temperature: 108°C Impact resistance modifier: Core-shell type elastomer, "Metablen E-870A" manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. Antioxidants: A phenolic antioxidant (dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT)) and a phosphorus-based antioxidant (trisstearyl phosphite) were used in a 1:1 mass ratio. Laser colorant: Bismuth-neodymium metal oxide (average particle size: 0.8 μm, specific gravity: 8.9 g / cm³) 3 )

[0099] [Example 1] As resin layer (a), ISP was extruded at 230°C from a 2-type, 3-layer multi-manifold die using an extruder as the first and third layers (both outer layers). As resin layer (b), a dry blend was prepared according to the predetermined formulation shown in Table 1 and extruded at 240°C from the same die using an extruder as the second layer (intermediate layer). The extruded film was rapidly cooled on a casting roll at approximately 105°C to obtain a laminate (laminated sheet) consisting of resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a) with a thickness ratio of 1 / 4 / 1 and a total thickness of 50 μm.

[0100] [Example 2] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the total thickness of the laminated sheet was adjusted to 100 μm.

[0101] [Examples 3 and 4] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of resin and the amount of each component in the resin layer (b) were changed as shown in Table 1, the second layer (intermediate layer) was extruded at 260°C, and the extruded film was rapidly cooled on a casting roll at approximately 90°C.

[0102] [Examples 5 and 6] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 4, except that 11 parts by mass of an impact-resistant modifier was dry-blended with 100 parts by mass of ISP to form the resin layer (a), which was then kneaded in an extruder and extruded as the first and third layers (both outer layers).

[0103] [Comparative Example 1] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of resin in resin layer (a) and the composition of resin layer (b) were changed as shown in Table 1, and the mixture was rapidly cooled using a casting roll at approximately 80°C to adjust the thickness ratio of resin layer (a) / resin layer (b) / resin layer (a) to 1 / 2 / 1.

[0104] [Comparative Example 2] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the total thickness of the laminated sheet was adjusted to 100 μm.

[0105] [Comparative Examples 3 and 4] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, except that the type of resin in resin layer (a) was changed, and the first and third layers (both outer layers) were extruded at 235°C and rapidly cooled on a casting roll at approximately 120°C.

[0106] [Comparative Example 5] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of resin in resin layers (a) and (b), and the composition of resin layer (b) were changed as shown in Table 1, and the first and third layers (both outer layers) were extruded at 250°C, and the second layer (intermediate layer) was extruded at 230°C.

[0107] [Table 1] *In each example and comparative example, the resin marked with ● was used for resin layer (a). [Table 2]

[0108] As described above, in Examples 1 and 2, by using a polycarbonate resin (A) having structural units (A1) in the resin layer (a), and using a polycarbonate resin (B) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in resin layer (a) in the resin layer (b) containing the laser colorant, a good balance of heat resistance, scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties was achieved. Laser printability was also excellent. Similar effects are expected to be obtained in Examples 3 to 6. In contrast, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, an amorphous aromatic polyester resin was used instead of polycarbonate resin (A) in the resin layer (a). As a result, while low-temperature heat fusion and solvent resistance were good, the glass transition temperature was low, resulting in poor heat resistance. Furthermore, the pencil hardness was low, and scratch resistance was not good. Also, as shown in Comparative Example 2, increasing the thickness of the laminate resulted in unsatisfactory results in the bending test after the moist heat test. This is thought to be because the use of an amorphous aromatic polyester resin reduced hydrolysis resistance. It should be noted that in Comparative Example 2, the laminate was thicker, requiring more elongation to follow the bending than in Comparative Example 1, making it more susceptible to bending cracks, and thus cracking is thought to have occurred due to hydrolysis degradation.

[0109] In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, bisphenol-based polycarbonate was used instead of polycarbonate resin (A) in the resin layer (a). Although this resulted in improved heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance, the fusion temperature was high in the hot press processing test, and the low-temperature heat fusion performance was poor. Furthermore, good scratch resistance and solvent resistance could not be achieved. Furthermore, as shown in Comparative Example 5, when a polycarbonate resin (A) having structural unit (A1) is used in the resin layer (b) containing the laser colorant, and a polycarbonate resin (B) other than polycarbonate resin (A) is used in the resin layer (a), the heat resistance, scratch resistance, hydrolysis resistance, solvent resistance, and low-temperature heat fusion properties are not well balanced, and the laser printability is also reduced.

[0110] 1. Laminate 2 core sheets 3 Hinge Seat 4 protective layer 20A, 20B cards 10A, 10B Passport

Claims

1. A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A laminate comprising a resin layer (b) containing a polycarbonate resin (B) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a laser coloring agent, The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is 70°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The resin layer (a) contains polycarbonate resin (A) at a concentration of 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a). The dihydroxy compound having the moiety represented by formula (1) is the dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (2), The polycarbonate resin (A) contains 30 mol% to 75 mol% of the structural unit (A1) derived from the dihydroxy compound. The polycarbonate resin (A) contains structural units other than structural unit (A1), including structural unit (A2) derived from an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the polycarbonate resin (A) contains 25 mol% to 70 mol% of the structural unit (A2) among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound, in a laminate. 【Chemistry 1】 However, the part represented by formula (1) above is -CH ２ Except when it is part of -O-H. 【Chemistry 2】

2. The content of the laser colorant per unit area in the resin layer (b) is 0.5 μg / cm³. ２ The laminate according to claim 1.

3. The content of the laser colorant per unit area in the resin layer (b) is 350 μg / cm². ２ The laminate according to claim 1 or 2, which is as follows:

4. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser colorant is a metal oxide.

5. The laminate according to claim 4, wherein the metal oxide is a bismuth-based metal oxide.

6. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the resin layer (a) is 5 μm or more.

7. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one surface of the laminate is provided with a sublimation thermal transfer image receiving layer (c).

8. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the kurtosis (Rku) of at least one surface of the laminate is 3.0 or less.

9. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the maximum height roughness (Rz) of at least one surface of the laminate is 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

10. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of at least one surface of the laminate is 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less.

11. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, for use in a card.

12. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, for use in a passport.

13. A card comprising the laminate described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A passport comprising a laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A method for using the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in a card or passport.

16. A method according to claim 15, comprising laser marking the laminate.

17. Use of the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10 on a card or passport.

18. The use according to claim 17, wherein laser marking is performed on the laminate.

19. A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), The resin layer (a) comprises a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, with an area of ​​400 cm². ２ The laminate is as follows: The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is 70°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The resin layer (a) contains polycarbonate resin (A) at a concentration of 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a). The dihydroxy compound having the moiety represented by formula (1) is the dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (2), The polycarbonate resin (A) contains 30 mol% to 75 mol% of the structural unit (A1) derived from the dihydroxy compound. The polycarbonate resin (A) contains structural units other than structural unit (A1), including structural unit (A2) derived from an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the polycarbonate resin (A) contains 25 mol% to 70 mol% of the structural unit (A2) among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound, in a laminate. 【Transformation 3】 However, the part represented by formula (1) above is -CH ２ Except when it is part of -O-H. 【Chemistry 4】

20. A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for producing a laminate, comprising laminating at least one resin layer (b) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a) and a laser colorant, The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is 70°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The resin layer (a) contains polycarbonate resin (A) at a concentration of 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a). The dihydroxy compound having the moiety represented by formula (1) is the dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (2), The polycarbonate resin (A) contains 30 mol% to 75 mol% of the structural unit (A1) derived from the dihydroxy compound. A method for producing a laminate, wherein the polycarbonate resin (A) contains structural units other than structural unit (A1), including structural unit (A2) derived from an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the polycarbonate resin (A) contains 25 mol% to 70 mol% of the structural unit (A2) among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound. 【Transformation 5】 However, the part represented by formula (1) above is -CH ２ Except when it is part of -O-H. 【Transformation 6】

21. A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for manufacturing a card having a laminate comprising a resin layer (a) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, The process includes at least the steps of overlapping and fusing the laminate with another film, and laser marking by laser irradiation, The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is 70°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The resin layer (a) contains polycarbonate resin (A) at a concentration of 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a). The dihydroxy compound having the moiety represented by formula (1) is the dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (2), The polycarbonate resin (A) contains 30 mol% to 75 mol% of the structural unit (A1) derived from the dihydroxy compound. A method for producing a card, wherein the polycarbonate resin (A) contains structural units other than structural unit (A1), including structural unit (A2) derived from an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the polycarbonate resin (A) contains 25 mol% to 70 mol% of the structural unit (A2) among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound. 【Transformation 7】 However, the part represented by formula (1) above is -CH ２ Except when it is part of -O-H. 【Transformation 8】

22. A resin layer (a) containing a polycarbonate resin (A) which includes a structural unit (A1) derived from a dihydroxy compound having a part of its structure represented by the following formula (1), A method for manufacturing a passport having a laminate comprising a resin layer (a) containing a resin (B1) other than the polycarbonate resin (A) contained in the aforementioned resin layer (a), and a resin layer (b) containing a laser coloring agent, The process includes at least the steps of laminating and fusing the laminate with another film, and laser marking by laser irradiation, The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin (A) is 70°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The resin layer (a) contains polycarbonate resin (A) at a concentration of 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of resin contained in the resin layer (a). The dihydroxy compound having the moiety represented by formula (1) is the dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (2), The polycarbonate resin (A) contains 30 mol% to 75 mol% of the structural unit (A1) derived from the dihydroxy compound. A method for manufacturing a passport, wherein the polycarbonate resin (A) contains structural units other than structural unit (A1), including structural unit (A2) derived from an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having at least one of a five-membered ring structure or a six-membered ring structure, and the polycarbonate resin (A) contains 25 mol% to 70 mol% of the structural unit (A2) among the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound. 【Chemistry 9】 However, the part represented by formula (1) above is -CH ２ Except when it is part of -O-H. 【Chemistry 10】

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