Elevator governor and elevator

Abstract

To provide an elevator governor and elevator with excellent operational stability and reliability. [Solution] In a disc-type speed governor 50 in which the flyweight 53A rotates due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the sheave 52, the engaging claw 54 rotates and engages with a ratchet 56 which is arranged coaxially with the sheave 52, causing the ratchet 56 to rotate integrally with the sheave 52 and activating a rope gripping mechanism which is operatively connected to the ratchet 56, the flyweight 53A and the engaging claw 54 are arranged on either side of the disc surface of the sheave 52 and are integrated via a shaft 55 which is inserted through a through hole 52b formed in the disc surface, and rotate integrally with the shaft 55 as the axis of rotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a speed governor for an elevator and an elevator provided with the same.

Background Art

[0002] The speed governor includes a sheave (governor sheave) and a rope (governor rope) gripping mechanism, and is disposed at the upper part in the hoistway. A tension sheave is disposed at the lower part in the hoistway, and an endless rope is wound around the sheave and the tension sheave. If the car reaches the first overspeed due to some cause, the power of the hoisting machine is cut off. If the speed further increases and the car reaches the second overspeed, the rope gripping mechanism operates, and the rope on the sheave is gripped by the sheave and the rope gripping mechanism, and the running of the rope is stopped. As a result, the rope is pulled up relative to the car, and the emergency stop device of the car operates, and the car is forcibly stopped.

[0003] The speed governor mainly includes a disk type and a fly-ball type. In the disk type speed governor, as the flyweights rotate by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the sheave, the engaging claws rotate and engage with a ratchet disposed coaxially with the sheave. Thus, the ratchet rotates integrally with the sheave, and the rope gripping mechanism operatively connected to the ratchet operates.

[0004] In the disk type speed governor shown in Patent Document 1, as described in paragraphs

[0030] and

[0031] , the engaging claws are provided rotatable independently of the flyweights, and are rotated by being pushed by the flyweights rotating by centrifugal force, and are adapted to engage with the teeth of the ratchet. In the disk type speed governor shown in Patent Document 2, as described in paragraph

[0019] and FIG. 2, the engaging claws are provided fixed to the flyweights.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

[0006] However, in the disc-type governor shown in Patent Document 1, the degree of contact or the contact point changes due to dimensional accuracy errors or wear during manufacturing of either or both the flyweight and the engaging pawl at the contact area. This leads to a problem where individual differences in the operational stability of the governor are likely to occur.

[0007] Furthermore, in the disc-type speed governor shown in Patent Document 2, the engaging pawl is often made of a high-strength material different from that of the flyweight, which is generally manufactured by casting, and is presumed to be fixed to the flyweight by a joining means such as brazing. Therefore, there is a risk that the joint may break due to the large force when the engaging pawl engages with the ratchet teeth, causing the engaging pawl to detach from the flyweight and preventing the rope gripping mechanism from operating.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and aims to provide an elevator governor and elevator that are excellent in operational stability and reliability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The elevator governor according to the present invention is A sheave around which the rope is wound, A flyweight that is rotatably attached to the disc surface of the sheave, The engaging claw rotates along with the rotation of the flyweight due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the sheave, A ratchet positioned coaxially with the sheave, which rotates integrally with the sheave by engaging its rotating pawl, It comprises a rope gripping mechanism that is operatively connected to a ratchet and operates as the ratchet rotates, The flyweight and engaging claws are positioned on either side of the disc surface of the sheave, integrated via a shaft inserted through a hole in the disc surface, and rotate together with the shaft as the axis of rotation. It is an elevator governor.

[0010] As one embodiment of the elevator governor according to the present invention, The fly weight has a non-circular through-hole at the center of rotation. The shaft has a first portion that is rotatably inserted around its axis into a through-hole in the disc surface of the sheave, and a second portion that is non-rotatably inserted around its axis into a non-circular through-hole in the flyweight. This configuration can be adopted.

[0011] As one embodiment of the elevator governor according to the present invention, The non-circular through-holes in the fly weight are segmental in shape. The second part of the shaft is a shaft having the same semicircular cross-sectional shape. This configuration can be adopted.

[0012] As one embodiment of the elevator governor according to the present invention, The second portion of the shaft has a portion that protrudes from a non-circular through-hole in the flyweight, and a retaining member is detachably attached to this protruding portion. This configuration can be adopted.

[0013] As one embodiment of the elevator governor according to the present invention, The shaft is provided separately from the engaging claw, integrated with the engaging claw, or provided integrally with the engaging claw. This configuration can be adopted.

[0014] The elevator according to the present invention is Equipped with the above-mentioned speed governor It's an elevator. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, the flyweight and the engagement claw are arranged sandwiching the disk surface of the sheave, and are integrated via a shaft body inserted through the through hole of the disk surface. Thereby, there is no contact portion formed between the flyweight and the engagement claw due to the flyweight and the engagement claw being rotatable independently. Further, as a fixing means of the engagement claw to the flyweight, joining means such as brazing is not used. Therefore, according to the present invention, the operating stability and reliability of the speed governor can be enhanced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an elevator. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of the speed governor. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a front view of the configuration of the sheave relationship of the speed governor. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an exploded front view of the configuration of the sheave relationship of the speed governor. [Figure 5] FIG. 5(a) is a front view of the flyweight of the speed governor. FIG. 5(b) is a front view of the engagement claw of the speed governor. FIG. 5(c) is a rear view of the engagement claw. FIG. 5(d) is a plan view of the engagement claw. [Figure 6] FIG. 6(a) is an exploded plan view of the flyweight and the engagement claw. FIG. 6(b) is an assembled plan view of the flyweight and the engagement claw. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a rear view of the configuration of the sheave relationship of the speed governor. [Figure 8] FIGS. 8(a) to (c) are explanatory views regarding the operation of the speed governor. [Figure 9] FIG. 9(a) is a front view of the flyweight according to Another Embodiment 1. FIG. 9(b) is a front view of the engagement claw according to Another Embodiment 1. FIG. 9(c) is a rear view of the engagement claw according to Another Embodiment 1. FIG. 9(d) is a plan view of the engagement claw according to Another Embodiment 1.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] The elevator governor according to this embodiment will be described below, but first, the overall configuration of the elevator will be described.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, the elevator 1 comprises a hoistway 2, a car 3, a drive unit 4 for the car 3, and a safety device 5. The hoistway 2 extends vertically within a building with multiple floors. The car 3 moves up and down within the hoistway 2 by the drive unit 4, and stops at a designated floor when the drive unit 4 is stopped.

[0019] The elevator car 3 is equipped with guide bodies 30, such as guide shoes and roller guides, at four locations: top, bottom, left, and right. Two rows of guide rails 20, 20 extending vertically are arranged on both sides of the elevator car 3 within the elevator shaft 2, and the elevator car 3 can move up and down within the elevator shaft 2 as its four guide bodies 30, ... are guided by the two rows of guide rails 20, 20.

[0020] The drive unit 4 comprises a cage sheave 40, a first overhead sheave 41, a hoisting machine 42, a second overhead sheave 43, a counterweight 44, a counterweight sheave 45, and a main rope 46. A sheave is a type of sheave. The drive sheave of the hoisting machine 42 rotates, causing the main rope 46 to move, and consequently, the cage 3 to which the cage sheave 40 is attached moves up and down within the hoistway 2. Similarly, as the main rope 46 moves, the counterweight 44 to which the counterweight sheave 45 is attached moves up and down within the hoistway 2.

[0021] The safety device 5 comprises a speed governor 50, a tension sheave 58, a rope 59, and an emergency stop device (not shown). The speed governor 50 is equipped with a sheave 52 and is located in the upper part of the hoistway 2. The tension sheave 58 is located in the lower part of the hoistway 2. The rope 59 is endless and is wrapped around the sheave 52 and the tension sheave 58. The emergency stop device is located in the lower part of the car 3. The emergency stop device comprises a lever and a clamp. The lever is connected to the rope 59. The clamp, in conjunction with the movement of the lever, clamps the guide rail 20 by means of a wedge or the like. If the car 3 exceeds the rated speed for any reason, the speed governor 50 will activate and the movement of the rope 59 will stop. As a result, the lever will be pulled up, the clamp will clamp the guide rail 20, and the car 3 will be forcibly stopped.

[0022] As shown in Figure 2, the governor 50 is a disc-type governor in which, as the centrifugal force from the rotation of the sheave 52 causes the flyweight 53 to rotate, the engaging pawl 54 rotates and engages with the ratchet 56, causing the ratchet 56 to rotate integrally with the sheave 52 and activating the rope gripping mechanism 57 which is operatively connected to the ratchet 56. The sheave 52 and the ratchet 56 are arranged coaxially such that the ratchet 56 is on the front side of the disc surface of the sheave 52, and with their lower halves housed in a box-shaped base 51, they are able to rotate independently of each other with respect to the shaft 510 as the axis of rotation.

[0023] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the sheave 52 has a groove on its outer circumference around which the rope 59 is wound. The sheave 52 has a disc surface from which legs extend in multiple directions from the center. For example, the sheave 52 has four legs spaced at 90-degree intervals.

[0024] The sheave 52 has a circular through hole (circular hole) 52a at its center of rotation, and circular through holes (circular holes) 52b and 52c on its disk surface. For example, the through holes 52b and 52c are formed at two points symmetrical to the through hole 52a (two locations 180 degrees apart). The shaft 510 is inserted through the through hole 52a, the shaft 55 is inserted through the through hole 52b, and the shaft 532 is inserted through the through hole 52c.

[0025] The flyweight 53 comprises a first flyweight 53A and a second flyweight 53B. As an example, the first flyweight 53A and the second flyweight 53B are arranged at two points symmetrically across the through-hole 52a (two locations separated by 180 degrees).

[0026] The first flyweight 53A is rotatably mounted to the disc surface of the sheave 52 via a shaft 55. The first flyweight 53A has a semicircular through hole (D-cut D-hole) 53Aa at its center of rotation. The shaft 55 is inserted through the through hole 53Aa. The second flyweight 53B is rotatably mounted to the disc surface of the sheave 52 via a shaft 532. The second flyweight 53B has a circular through hole (circular hole) 53Ba at its center of rotation. The shaft 532 is inserted through the through hole 53Ba.

[0027] As the sheave 52 rotates, the first flyweight 53A and the second flyweight 53B rotate such that one end is rotated toward the outer circumference of the sheave 52 and the other end is rotated toward the center of the sheave 52 due to the centrifugal force.

[0028] The engaging claw 54 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the first flyweight 53A. The engaging claw 54 rotates such that the claw portion at its tip is rotationally displaced toward the center of the sheave 52. The engaging claw 54 is a metal component such as iron, steel, or stainless steel, and is made of a high-strength material that is stronger than the flyweight 53, and is formed by machining or casting.

[0029] The engaging claw 54 is positioned on the front side of the disc surface of the sheave 52. In contrast, the first flyweight 53A and the second flyweight 53B are positioned on the rear side of the disc surface of the sheave 52. As a result, the first flyweight 53A and the engaging claw 54 are positioned on both sides of the disc surface of the sheave 52.

[0030] The ratchet 56 is disc-shaped with a smaller diameter than the sheave 52 and is positioned coaxially with the sheave 52 so as to be in front of the disc surface of the sheave 52. The ratchet 56 has a circular through hole (circular hole) 56a at its center of rotation. The shaft 510 is inserted through the through hole 56a. The ratchet 56 has multiple teeth 56b on its outer circumference. The multiple teeth 56b are provided at equally spaced points on the outer circumference (in this example, 12 teeth at 30-degree intervals). The ratchet 56 rotates integrally with the sheave 52 when the engaging pawl 54 rotates and engages with the teeth 56b.

[0031] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the flyweight 53 consists of a plate 530 and a weight 531. The plate 530 and weight 531 are metal components such as iron, steel, or stainless steel, and are formed by cutting or casting. Through holes 53Aa and 53Ba are formed in the plate 530. The through hole 53Aa is a D-shaped hole with an arc angle of 180 degrees.

[0032] The shaft 55 is divided into a first part 55a, a second part 55b, and a third part 55c. The first part 55a is located in the middle of the shaft 55 and is a cylindrical shaft with a circular cross-sectional shape, which is inserted into the through hole 52b of the sheave 52 so as to be rotatable around its axis. The second part 55b is located at one end of the shaft 55 and is a non-cylindrical shaft (D-cut shaft) with a semicircular cross-sectional shape that is the same as (matches) the through hole 53Aa of the first flyweight 53A, which is inserted into the through hole 53Aa of the first flyweight 53A so as not to be rotatable around its axis. The second part 55b has a through hole 55d along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 55. The third part 55c is located at the other end of the shaft 55 and is a cylindrical shaft with a circular cross-sectional shape, which is inserted into the circular through hole (circular hole) 54a formed at the rotation center of the engaging claw 54. The third part 55c is integrated with the engaging claw 54 using fasteners such as screws 550.

[0033] The shaft 55, which is integrated with the engaging claw 54, is inserted through the through hole 52b of the sheave 52 and the through hole 53Aa of the first flyweight 53A in that order (with flat washers 551 inserted between the engaging claw 54 and the sheave 52, and between the sheave 52 and the first flyweight 53A as needed), and a cotter pin 552 is detachably attached to the through hole 55d at the tip of the second portion 55b that protrudes from the through hole 53Aa of the first flyweight 53A. As a result, the first flyweight 53A and the engaging claw 54 are integrated via the shaft 55 and rotate together with the shaft 55 as the axis of rotation.

[0034] As shown in Figure 7, the first flyweight 53A and the second flyweight 53B are connected at one end by a link 533. The first flyweight 53A is connected at the other end to the sheave 52 by a spring shaft 534 that is inserted through a spring 535.

[0035] As shown in Figure 8(a), the rope gripping mechanism 57 comprises an arm 570, a shoe 571, a lever 572, a spring shaft 573, and a spring 574. The arm 570 is rotatably attached to the base 51 at its lower end (see Figure 2). The shoe 571 is positioned opposite the outer circumference of the sheave 52 and is attached to the arm 570. The lever 572 connects the pin 560 of the ratchet 56 to the spring shaft 573. The spring 574 provides elastic force in the direction that the arm 570 moves toward the sheave 52. As shown in Figure 8(b), the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the sheave 52 (symbol A) causes the first flyweight 53A to rotate in the direction that expands (symbol B), and the engaging claw 54 rotates toward the center of the sheave 52 (symbol C) and engages with the ratchet 56. As a result, as shown in Figure 8(c), the ratchet 56 rotates integrally with the sheave 52 (symbol D), the lever 572 is pulled (symbol E), the arm 570 rotates toward the sheave 52 (symbol F), and the shoe 571 presses down on the rope 59.

[0036] As described above, according to the governor 50 of this embodiment, the first flyweight 53A and the engaging claw 54 are arranged on either side of the disk surface of the sheave 52 and are integrated via a shaft 55 inserted through a through hole 52b in the disk surface. As a result, there are no contact points (contact points that are always in contact or contact points that are separated before operation and come into contact during operation) formed between the first flyweight 53A and the engaging claw 54 due to the independent rotation of the flyweight and the engaging claw. Furthermore, no joining means such as brazing is used as a means of fixing the engaging claw 54 to the first flyweight 53A. For this reason, the governor 50 of this embodiment can improve operational stability and reliability.

[0037] In the governor 50 of a so-called machine-roomless elevator, where the hoisting machine 42 is located within the hoistway 2, the rotation of the sheave 52 must be suppressed by the engaging pawl 54. Furthermore, as the elevator speed increases, the impact when the engaging pawl 54 engages with the teeth 56b of the ratchet 56 in the governor 50 becomes greater. For this reason, the engaging pawl 54 requires sufficient strength. According to the governor 50 of this embodiment, the first flyweight 53A and the engaging pawl 54 are provided separately, and the materials for each can be arbitrarily selected, such as casting for the first flyweight 53A and a high-strength material for the engaging pawl 54. Therefore, according to the governor 50 of this embodiment, sufficient strength can be provided to the engaging pawl 54.

[0038] For similar reasons, sufficient strength is also required for the fixing portion of the engaging claw 54. In the governor 50 according to this embodiment, the first portion 55a of the shaft body 55 is inserted through the through hole 52b of the sheave 52, and the load applied to the engaging claw 54 is received by the sheave 52 (or its disc surface). Of course, the sheave 52 is a rigid body with sufficient strength. Therefore, in the governor 50 according to this embodiment, sufficient strength can be provided to the fixing portion of the engaging claw 54.

[0039] According to the governor 50 of this embodiment, the engaging claw 54 can be separated from the sheave 52 and the first flyweight 53A by pulling the shaft 55 out of the through holes 53Aa and 52b. Therefore, according to the governor 50 of this embodiment, work such as replacing or repairing the engaging claw 54 can be carried out easily and smoothly.

[0040] According to the governor 50 of this embodiment, the through hole 54a of the engaging claw 54 is a circular through hole (circular hole), and the third portion 55c of the shaft body 55 is a cylindrical shaft body having a circular cross-sectional shape. The two are integrated using a fastener such as a screw 550 that is screwed into the screw hole of the engaging claw 54. Therefore, according to the governor 50 of this embodiment, the angle of the engaging claw 54 with respect to the first flyweight 53A can be arbitrarily adjusted, changed, and set by adjusting the angular position of the engaging claw 54 with respect to the shaft body 55.

[0041] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the through-hole 53Aa of the first flyweight 53A and the second portion 55b of the shaft 55 are D-shaped segmental circles. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In short, any shape is acceptable as long as it is not circular, so that the shaft does not rotate around its axis relative to the flyweight. Examples of shapes include elliptical, polygonal, serrated (a combination of a serrated hole and a serrated shaft), and key-keyway combinations. Furthermore, the shape of the through-hole of the flyweight and the second portion of the shaft do not necessarily have to be the same (match). These technical points are also applicable to the relationship between the through-hole 54a of the engaging claw 54 and the third portion 55c of the shaft 55.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the shaft 55 is provided separately from the engaging claw 54, integrated with the engaging claw 54, and separable from the engaging claw 54. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in Figure 9, the shaft 55 may be provided integrally with the engaging claw 54.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the first portion 55a of the shaft 55 is a cylindrical shaft having a circular cross-sectional shape. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in Figure 9, the first portion 55a may be a non-cylindrical shaft having a semicircular cross-sectional shape (provided that the arc angle is 180 degrees or more).

[0045] In the above embodiment, the third portion 55c of the shaft 55 is a cylindrical shaft having a circular cross-sectional shape. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Similar to the second portion, it may be a non-cylindrical shaft having a semicircular cross-sectional shape. In this case, the through hole of the engaging claw may be a semicircular through hole (D hole) that is the same as (matches) that of the third portion, or it may be a circular through hole (circular hole) (in this case, a fastener such as a screw is required).

[0046] In the above embodiment, the third portion 55c of the shaft body 55 is a cylindrical shaft body having a circular cross-sectional shape, and the through hole 54a of the engaging claw 54 is a circular through hole, allowing the angular position of the engaging claw 54 relative to the shaft body 55 to be adjusted. However, the structure for adjusting the angular position is not limited to this. The angular position can also be adjusted by making the shape of the third portion of the shaft body and the through hole a polygonal shape such as a hexagon or octagon, or by making it a serrated shape (a combination of a serrated hole and a serrated shaft portion).

[0047] In the above embodiment, the means for integrating the engaging claw 54 and the shaft 55 is a screw 550. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The means for integrating the engaging claw and the shaft can be any known means, such as a pin that penetrates both.

[0048] In the above embodiment, a cotter pin 552 is used to prevent the shaft 55 from coming loose. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Other known means of preventing loosening can be used, such as a snap pin or other retaining pin, a retaining ring, or a nut that screws onto a threaded portion formed on the second part of the shaft.

[0049] The above embodiment describes an elevator of the so-called machine-room-less type, in which the hoisting machine 42 is located within the hoistway 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to elevators of the so-called machine-room type, in which the hoisting machine is located in a machine room at the top of the hoistway.

[0050] The above embodiment describes a so-called 2:1 roping type elevator in which both ends of the main rope 46 are fixed to the upper part of the hoistway 2, and the main rope 46 is wound around the car sheave 40 and the counterweight sheave 45, thereby connecting the main rope 46 to the car 3 and the counterweight 44. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a so-called 1:1 roping type elevator in which one end of the main rope is fixed to the car and the other end of the main rope is fixed to the counterweight.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the door opening and closing device of the cage 3 is a system in which the drive motor and pulley are connected by a reduction belt, and the pulley and the drive belt wrapped around the pulley are driven indirectly. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The door opening and closing device may also be a system in which the pulley is directly connected to the drive motor, and the pulley and the drive belt wrapped around the pulley are driven directly. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0052] 1...Elevator, 2...Hoistway, 20...Guide rail, 3...Car, 30...Guide body, 4...Drive unit, 40...Cage sheave, 41...First overhead sheave, 42...Hoisting machine, 43...Second overhead sheave, 44...Counterweight, 45...Counterweight sheave, 46...Main rope, 5...Safety device, 50...Governor, 51...Base, 510...Shaft, 52...Sheave, 52a, 52b, 52c...Through hole (circular hole), 53...Flyweight, 53A...First flyweight, 53Aa...Through hole (D hole), 53B...Second flyweight, 53Ba ...Through hole (circular hole), 530...Plate, 531...Weight, 532...Shaft, 533...Link, 534...Spring shaft, 535...Spring, 54...Engaging claw, 54a...Through hole (circular hole), 55...Shaft, 55a...First part, 55b...Second part, 55c...Third part, 55d...Through hole, 550...Screw, 551...Flat washer, 552...Cotter pin, 56...Ratchet, 56a...Through hole (circular hole), 56b...Teeth, 560...Pin, 57...Rope gripping mechanism, 570...Arm, 571...Shoe, 572...Lever, 573...Spring shaft, 574...Spring, 58...Tension sheave, 59...Rope

Claims

1. A sheave around which the rope is wound, A flyweight that is rotatably attached to the disc surface of the sheave, The engaging claw rotates along with the rotation of the flyweight due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the sheave, A ratchet positioned coaxially with the sheave, which rotates integrally with the sheave by engaging its rotating pawl, It comprises a rope gripping mechanism that is operatively connected to a ratchet and operates as the ratchet rotates, The flyweight and engaging claws are positioned on either side of the disc surface of the sheave, integrated via a shaft inserted through a hole in the disc surface, and rotate together with the shaft as the axis of rotation. Elevator governor.

2. The fly weight has a non-circular through-hole at the center of rotation. The shaft has a first portion that is rotatably inserted around its axis into a through-hole in the disc surface of the sheave, and a second portion that is not rotatably inserted around its axis into a non-circular through-hole in the flyweight. The elevator governor according to claim 1.

3. The non-circular through-holes in the fly weight are segmental in shape. The second part of the shaft is a shaft having the same semicircular cross-sectional shape. The elevator governor according to claim 2.

4. The second portion of the shaft has a portion that protrudes from a non-circular through-hole in the flyweight, and a retaining member is detachably attached to this protruding portion. The elevator governor according to claim 2.

5. The shaft is provided separately from the engaging claw, integrated with the engaging claw, or provided integrally with the engaging claw. The elevator governor according to claim 2.

6. An elevator equipped with a speed governor according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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