Multifunctional crushing tool, crushing device, and crushing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-functional crushing tool that is resistant to damage, as well as a crushing device and method that can crush the area around a borehole with low running costs by using the multi-functional crushing tool. [Solution] The rock-splitting section and the small-breaking section are configured as follows as components of the multi-functional crushing tool. The rock-splitting section has a first contact portion that protrudes toward the first wall portion in a virtual orthogonal plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and is finished so that the position of the tip of the protrusion recedes toward the non-free surface side of the material to be crushed as the drilling direction progresses, extending in the axial direction, and a second contact portion that extends parallel to the drilling direction and has a shape that can freely contact the second wall portion on the non-free surface side of the material to be crushed in a planar manner. The small-breaking section is provided protruding in the axial direction from a position eccentric with respect to the axis toward the non-free surface side of the tip of the rock-splitting section, and is configured to apply external force to the material to be crushed while contacting it, thereby crushing it into smaller pieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a crushing method for finely crushing a part of a crushed object such as a rock mass, rock, or concrete structure, and a multifunctional crushing tool suitable for the crushing method.

Background Art

[0002] The applicant of the present application has proposed a multifunctional crushing tool for introducing cracks into the first wall surface portion on the free surface side of the crushed object among the circumferences of the drilled holes preformed in the direction of hole formation with respect to the crushed object, and finely crushing a part of the crushed object in a short time and efficiently (see Patent Document 1). This multifunctional crushing tool has a shaft body structure extending in the axial direction, and is roughly divided into a rear end portion, a rock cutting portion, a ripping portion, and a fine cutting portion, each of which exhibits the following functions.

[0003] The rear end portion has a function of receiving an external force applied from the outside along the axial direction. The rock cutting portion has a shape that is symmetric with respect to the axis and tapers toward the tip on the tip side of the rear end portion. And, the rock cutting portion abuts against the first wall surface portion on the free surface side of the crushed object among the inner wall surfaces of the drilled hole, and while not abutting against the second wall surface portion on the anti-free surface side, the entire shaft body structure is pushed into the drilled hole along the direction of hole formation, so that it has a function of pressing the inner wall surface of the drilled hole and introducing cracks from the drilled hole toward the free surface of the crushed object. The ripping portion is provided between the rear end portion and the rock cutting portion, and by moving the entire shaft body structure in the direction toward the free surface while abutting against the first wall surface portion of the drilled hole into which cracks have been introduced around, it has a function of digging up the first wall surface portion of the crushed object from the drilled hole to the free surface side as a fine cutting target portion. Further, the fine cutting portion projects axially from the tip of the rock cutting portion, and by applying the external force transmitted through the rear end portion, the ripping portion, and the rock cutting portion while abutting against the fine cutting target portion to the fine cutting target portion, it has a function of finely cutting the fine cutting target portion.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2024-62039 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] By using the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to finely crush the area around a pre-formed bore in the bore formation direction of the material to be crushed, particularly the free surface side, in a short time and efficiently. However, conventional multi-functional crushing tools have the problem that a part of the rock-breaking section, especially the tip section where the small-breaking section is provided, is prone to breakage.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a multi-functional crushing tool that is resistant to damage, as well as a crushing device and crushing method that can crush the area around a borehole at a low running cost by using the multi-functional crushing tool. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention is a multifunctional crushing tool having a shaft structure extending in the axial direction, a rear end that receives external forces applied from the outside along the axial direction, a rock-splitting section that splits the first wall surface portion on the free-face side of the material to be crushed, around a pre-formed hole in the material to be crushed in the direction of drilling, located closer to the front end than the rear end, and a sub-splitting section that further subdivides the first wall surface portion removed from the material to be crushed after being split by the rock-splitting section, wherein the rock-splitting section protrudes toward the first wall surface portion in a virtual orthogonal plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and the position of the tip of the protrusion recedes toward the non-free-face side of the material to be crushed as the drilling direction progresses. The structure has a first contact portion that is finished to extend in the axial direction, and a second contact portion that extends parallel to the drilling direction and has a shape that can freely contact the second wall portion on the non-free side of the material to be crushed in a planar manner. The tip of the projection of the first contact portion contacts the first wall portion, and the second contact portion contacts the second wall portion, and as the entire shaft structure is pushed into the drilling along the drilling direction, the inner wall surface of the drilling is pressed and a crack is introduced from the drilling to the first wall portion. The small-breaking portion is projected in the axial direction from a position eccentric with respect to the axis on the non-free side of the tip of the rock-breaking portion, and as it contacts the part to be broken, external force of Parts to be divided into smaller sections to It is characterized by being configured to be given and then broken down into smaller pieces.

[0008] Furthermore, a second aspect of the present invention is a crushing device for crushing the area around a pre-formed bore in the direction of bore formation in a material to be crushed, characterized by comprising: a multi-functional crushing tool; a breaker that applies external force to the multi-functional crushing tool by striking its rear end while holding it; and a construction machine that holds the breaker and pushes the multi-functional crushing tool into the bore and brings the small-breaking portion into contact with the part to be crushed.

[0009] Furthermore, a third aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing the area around a pre-formed hole in a workpiece in the direction of hole formation, comprising the steps of: preparing the multi-functional crushing tool; crushing the area around the hole by pushing the multi-functional crushing tool in the direction of hole formation while applying an external force to the rear end of the multi-functional crushing tool, with the axial direction aligned with the direction of hole formation and the small-breaking portion and rock-breaking portion of the multi-functional crushing tool inserted into the hole; removing the first wall portion that has been removed from the workpiece after being broken by the rock-breaking portion as a portion to be crushed; and crushing the portion to be crushed by applying an external force to the rear end of the multi-functional crushing tool while the small-breaking portion of the multi-functional crushing tool is in contact with the portion to be crushed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the above invention, it is possible to crush the area around a borehole with lower running costs and with less risk of breakage compared to conventional multi-functional crushing tools. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This figure shows a first embodiment of a multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention and a crushing apparatus for carrying out a crushing method using the tool. [Figure 2] This diagram shows the configuration of a multi-functional crushing tool. [Figure 3] This figure schematically illustrates a rock crushing method using the crushing device shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4] This figure schematically illustrates a rock crushing method using the crushing device shown in Figure 1. [Figure 5] This figure shows a second embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows a third embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows a fourth embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. [Figure 8] This figure shows a fifth embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. [Figure 9]This figure shows a sixth embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention and a crushing apparatus for carrying out a crushing method using the tool. Figure 2 shows the configuration of the multi-functional crushing tool. In these drawings and the drawings described later, the dimensions and number of parts are exaggerated or simplified as necessary for ease of understanding. In these drawings, the direction of drilling 4 into the rock mass 3 is defined as the "-Z" direction, the direction from the drilling 4 toward the free surface 31 of the rock mass 3 (corresponding to the "ripping direction" of the present invention) is defined as the "+Y" direction, and the direction perpendicular to these Y and Z directions is defined as the "X" direction. Furthermore, in Figure 2, (a) is a side view of the multi-functional crushing tool (multi-functional chisel) 1 viewed from the +Y direction side, (b) is a side view of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 viewed from the +X direction side, and (c-1) to (c-5) are cross-sectional views of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 in a virtual orthogonal plane perpendicular to the axial direction D1 at different positions in the axial direction D1.

[0013] As shown in Figure 1, the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is attached to a hydraulic breaker 2 mounted on a construction machine 5 such as a backhoe used in sites involving rock crushing, and is a tool for continuously performing rock splitting, ripping, and small-scale crushing processes, as will be described later. More specifically, the hydraulic breaker 2 is attached to the arm 51 of the construction machine 5 via a bracket 52. This hydraulic breaker 2 is equipped with a breaker body (not shown). This breaker body also has a cylinder 21 in the center. By supplying pressurized oil to the cylinder 21 via a switching valve from a hydraulic supply source (not shown), the piston 22 that slides inside the cylinder 21 can move back and forth in the axial direction. Reference numeral 53 in Figure 1 is a soundproof cover that suppresses the transmission of operating noise generated when the piston 22 strikes to the surroundings, and can be attached and detached as needed. Also, in order to clarify the various components and operation, Figures 2 to 4 show the state with the soundproof cover 53 removed.

[0014] A multi-functional crushing tool 1 is attached to the tip of the breaker body (the lower end in FIG. 1). The multi-functional crushing tool 1 has a shaft structure extending in the axial direction D1 (FIG. 2), and performs a rock splitting process and a ripping process in a state where the axial direction D1 is made to coincide with the hole drilling formation direction (-Z). Therefore, in FIG. 2, the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is illustrated in a state where the axial direction D1 of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 coincides with the hole drilling formation direction (-Z). Also, the manufacturing procedure and configuration of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 will be described while referring to the XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system in a state where the axial direction D1 and the hole drilling formation direction (-Z) coincide.

[0015] The multi-functional crushing tool 1 has a shaft structure extending in the axial direction Z. In this multi-functional crushing tool 1, as shown in FIG. 2, a rear end portion 11, a ripping portion 12, a rock splitting portion 13, and a small splitting portion 14 are provided in the order from the rear end side (+Z direction side) to the front end side (-Z direction side). When manufacturing the multi-functional crushing tool 1, a shaft structure body 10 extending in the axial direction D1 is prepared. The shaft structure body 10 is composed of a cylindrical steel bar (corresponding to an example of the "metal bar" of the present invention) having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter d (FIG. 1) of the hole 4 as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 2. Here, the constituent material of the shaft structure body 10 is not limited to steel, and a metal material other than steel may be used.

[0016] A notch is provided at a position corresponding to the arrangement and structure of the rod pin (not shown) of the hydraulic breaker 2 with respect to the (+Z) direction end portion of the shaft structure body 10. Thus, the rear end portion 11 having the notch is finished in a shape that can be attached to the hydraulic breaker 2. And, the rear end portion 11, in a state of being attached to the hydraulic breaker 2, receives the impact by the piston 22 and transmits the external force to the front end side.

[0017] The ripping portion 12 is located on the (-Z) direction side of the rear end portion 11. The ripping portion 12 has a cylindrical shape as the shaft structure body 10.

[0018] On one hand, the rock-breaking part 13 is located on the (-Z) direction side of the ripping part 12. By subjecting the shaft body structure 10 to the following processing, as shown in Fig. 2(b), it is finished in a tapered shape toward the tip side, that is, in the (-Z) direction. Only the side surface of the steel bar on the free surface side of the rock mass 3 is machined so that the distance from the axis AX of the steel bar to the side surface on the free surface side becomes shorter as the hole drilling formation direction (-Z) progresses. The thus formed inclined surface-shaped first contact part 131 protrudes toward the free surface side in the virtual orthogonal plane (the plane of the paper in Figs. 2(c-3) to (c-5)), and the positions P3 to P5 of the tip ends of each protrusion 131a extend in the axial direction D1 while retreating toward the anti-free surface side (-Y direction side) of the rock mass 3 as the hole drilling formation direction (-Z) progresses. As shown in Fig. 2(b), when the first contact part 131 is viewed from the (+X) direction, the first contact part 131 has a tapered shape. On the other hand, the second contact part 132 on the anti-free surface side, that is, the (-Y) direction side of the side surface of the steel bar is not machined, extends parallel to the hole drilling formation direction (-Z), and has a shape that can be in surface contact with the second wall surface part (reference numeral 42 in Figs. 3 and 4 to be described later) on the anti-free surface side of the rock mass 3. Thus, the rock-breaking part 13 includes the first contact part 131 and the second contact part 132. The tip surface of the rock-breaking part 13 formed by machining the side surface of the shaft body structure 10 is, as shown in Fig. 2(c-5), relatively narrow on the free surface side (+Y direction side) with respect to the axis AX and relatively wide on the anti-free surface side (-Y direction side), and has an asymmetric shape with respect to the axis AX.

[0019] The small split section 14 has an insertion hole 101 drilled from the lower side (-Z direction side) relative to the tip surface of the shaft structure 10. In this embodiment, since the side opposite the free surface (-Y direction side) with respect to the axis AX is wider on the tip surface, the insertion hole 101 is provided at an eccentric position opposite the free surface (-Y direction side) from the axis AX, and the (-Z) end of the carbide core 141 is press-fitted into the shaft structure 10 with the (-Z) end protruding from the tip surface of the shaft structure 10 in the (-Z direction). The small split section 14 is then formed by finishing the protruding portion into a tapered shape. It is preferable to use a metal material with higher hardness than the shaft structure 10, such as die steel such as SKD61, as the material constituting the carbide core 141.

[0020] Next, a crushing method for crushing the area around a pre-formed borehole 4 in a rock mass 3, which is an example of the "material to be crushed" in the present invention, using a crushing device (= multi-functional crushing tool 1 + hydraulic breaker 103 + construction machine 5), will be explained with reference to Figures 3 and 4. Figures 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams showing a crushing method for crushing a rock mass using the crushing device of Figure 1. When the tip of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 shown in Figure 2 (= small breaking part 14 + the (-Z) end of the rock-splitting part 13) is inserted into the borehole 4 while sliding the second contact part 132 of the tip (= small breaking part 14 + the (-Z) end of the rock-splitting part 13) against the second wall surface of the borehole 4, as shown in Figure 3(a), the first contact part 131 of the rock-splitting part 13, or more specifically, the projection tip 131a of the first contact part 131, is locked to the first wall surface 41 on the free surface side of the inner wall surface of the borehole 4. At this time, the second contact portion 132 of the split rock portion 13 is in contact with the second wall portion 42 on the side opposite the free surface.

[0021] Then, by reciprocating the piston 22 of the hydraulic breaker 2 approximately parallel to the drilling direction (-Z), the rear end 11 of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is directly struck, and the rock-splitting part 13 of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is pushed into the drilling hole 4. At this time, as shown in Figure 3(b), tensile stress acts on the inner wall of the drilling hole 4 in the Y direction from the drilling hole 4, as indicated by the white arrow in the figure. The rock-splitting part 13 pushes the free surface side, i.e., the (+Y) side, of the inner wall of the drilling hole 4 by a distance determined by the amount of pressure applied by the multi-functional crushing tool 1 and the inclination angle of the projection tip 131a, causing a crack to form from the first wall surface portion 41 of the drilling hole 4. As the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is pushed in, the crack extends further, and the rock is split inside the rock mass 3 from the drilling hole 4 toward the free surface 31. As a result, the excavated portion 32 on the free surface side of the drilling hole 4 is separated from the rock mass 3 in a block shape, making it easy to crush and remove from the rock mass 3.

[0022] As shown in Figure 4(a), the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is pushed into the borehole 4 until the ripping section 12 is inserted into the borehole 4 and its (+Y) side contacts the first wall portion 41 of the borehole 4. This ensures that the ripping section 12 is in close contact with the excavated portion 32. In this state, the hydraulic breaker 2 and the multi-functional crushing tool 1 are moved together by the arm 51 of the construction machine 5 to the free side, i.e., the (+Y) side, causing the ripping section 12 to excavate the excavated portion 32 from the rock mass 3 (ripping process).

[0023] The excavated portion 32 is relatively large and needs to be further broken down. Therefore, in this embodiment, a breaking down process using the multi-functional breaking tool 1 is performed following the ripping process. That is, after the hydraulic breaker 2 and the multi-functional breaking tool 1 are removed together from the borehole 4 by the arm 51 of the construction machine 5, as shown in Figure 4(b), the rear end 11 of the multi-functional breaking tool 1 is struck by the piston 22 while the breaking part 14 of the multi-functional breaking tool 1 is in contact with the excavated portion 32, and this striking force (corresponding to the "external force" in this invention) is transmitted to the breaking part 14 via the ripping part 12 and the rock-breaking part 13. In this way, the excavated portion 32 is broken down (breaking down process). As shown by the circles and arrows in Figure 4(b), the breaking down process is repeated while moving the contact points (circled areas) of the breaking part 14 on the surface of the excavated portion 32, so that the excavated portion 32 is broken down into pieces smaller than the desired size.

[0024] As described above, according to this embodiment, similar to the invention described in Patent Document 1, rock splitting, ripping, and fine-breaking operations can be performed continuously using a single multi-functional crushing tool 1. Therefore, it is not necessary to sequentially switch between construction machines to which rock splitting attachments, ripping attachments, and fine-breaking attachments are attached. Furthermore, it is not necessary to replace all or part of the above attachments. As a result, the area around the borehole 4 in the rock mass 3 can be finely and efficiently broken up in a short time.

[0025] Furthermore, in this embodiment, unlike the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1, only the free surface side of the rock-splitting portion 13 is processed to form the first contact portion 131. As a result, as shown in Figures 2(C-3) to 2(C-5), the cross-sectional area of ​​the rock-splitting portion 13 is larger than that of the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the rock-splitting portion 13 of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is less prone to damage than that of the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2(c-5), the tip surface of the rock-splitting section 13 is relatively wider on the side opposite the free surface (-Y direction) relative to the axis AX, and the carbide core 141 constituting the small-breaking section 14 is projected in the axial direction D1 from a position eccentrically offset from the axis AX on the side opposite the free surface (-Y direction). Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tip surface of the rock-splitting section 13 holding the carbide core 141 is larger than that of the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1. Consequently, the carbide core 141 and the tip of the rock-splitting section 13 holding it are less prone to breakage than those of the multi-functional crushing tool described in Patent Document 1. As a result, by using the multi-functional crushing tool 1, the area around the borehole 4 can be crushed at a low running cost.

[0027] Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. The main difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment is the configuration of the first contact portion 131 of the rock-splitting portion 13. In other words, in the first embodiment, the side of the steel rod on the free face side of the rock mass 3 is machined to create the projection tip 131a, but in the second embodiment, the steel rod is machined to form the projection portion, and a carbide core 131b is provided on the projection portion as the projection tip 131a. As for the material of the carbide core 131b, a metal material having a higher hardness than the shaft structure 10, such as die steel such as SKD61, can be used, similar to the small-splitting portion 14. Specifically, the free face side of the steel rod is machined to form a tapered projection portion, and a groove is provided in the region located on the free face side (+Y direction side) of the projection portion, the so-called ridge region. Then, the carbide core 131b extending along the ridge region is fitted into the groove and further joined to the first contact portion 131 by brazing. Here, while welding or other methods of joining are possible, brazing allows the first contact portion 131 and the carbide core 131b to be joined together without damaging them. As a result, damage to the split rock portion 13 can be suppressed more effectively than when welding is used.

[0028] Thus, the multi-functional crushing tool 1 according to the second embodiment provides the same effects and advantages as the first embodiment. Furthermore, since a carbide core 131b is provided in the portion of the first contact portion 131 that contacts the first wall portion 41 of the borehole 4, the first contact portion 131 has higher wear resistance than the first embodiment. As a result, the lifespan of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 can be extended. Moreover, by using this multi-functional crushing tool 1, crushing around the borehole 4 can be performed at an even lower running cost.

[0029] By the way, in the second embodiment described above, as shown in (c-3) to (c-5) of Figure 5, the exposed portion of the projection tip 131a is finished as a curved surface, but the shape of the exposed portion is not limited to this. Figure 6 shows a third embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. As shown in (c-3) to (c-5) of the same figure, the exposed portion of the projection tip 131a of the carbide core 131b may be finished as a double-edged portion 131c that protrudes sharply towards the free surface side, similar to the first embodiment (third embodiment).

[0030] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, a carbide core 131b is provided at the first contact portion 131, but a carbide core may also be provided on the second contact portion 132 side to improve wear resistance (fourth embodiment). Figure 7 is a diagram showing the fourth embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the carbide core 132a may be provided so as to be exposed on the non-free surface side of the second contact portion 132. As the constituent material of the carbide core 132a, a metal material having a higher hardness than the shaft structure 10, such as die steel such as SKD61, can be used, similar to the small crushing portion 14 and the carbide core 131b.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical aspect of providing a carbide core 132a at the second contact portion 132 may also be applied to the multi-functional crushing tool 1 according to the first and second embodiments. Figure 8 shows a fifth embodiment of the multi-functional crushing tool according to the present invention, in which a carbide core 132a is provided on the second contact portion 132 side of the multi-functional crushing tool 1 of the second embodiment to improve wear resistance.

[0032] Furthermore, the amount of protrusion of the tip 131a of the carbide core 131b along the axial direction D1 is set to a constant value (zero) in the third embodiment, and to a constant value greater than zero in the fourth and fifth embodiments. Setting the amount of protrusion to a constant value in the axial direction D1 is not a mandatory requirement; for example, as shown in Figure 9, it may be zero at the leading edge of the split rock section 13, and the amount of protrusion PA may gradually increase as it moves towards the rear end (sixth embodiment).

[0033] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the multi-functional crushing tool 1 is provided with a ripping section 12, but this is not an essential component, and the present invention can also be applied to a multi-functional crushing tool (chisel) that does not have a ripping section 12, that is, a multi-functional crushing tool (chisel) that only has a rear end section 11, a rock-splitting section 13, and a small-breaking section 14. [Industrial applicability]

[0034] This invention can be applied to all crushing technologies that finely crush a portion of a material to be crushed, such as bedrock, rocks, and concrete structures. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1…Multifunctional crushing tool 2… Hydraulic breaker 3…Rock mass (crushed material) 4…Drilling 5. Construction machinery 10…Axial structure 11...Rear end 12...Ripping section 13... Wariwabe 14...Small section 31…Free surface (of bedrock) 32…Excavated part 41…(The first wall portion of the borehole) 42…Second wall portion (of the borehole) AX…Axis line D1…Axis direction Y...Ripping direction Z…Drilling direction

Claims

1. A multifunctional crushing tool having a shaft structure extending in the axial direction, a rear end that receives external forces applied from the outside along the axial direction, a rock-splitting section that splits a first wall portion on the free face side of the material to be crushed, around a pre-formed hole in the material to be crushed in the direction of hole formation, located closer to the front end than the rear end, and a small-splitting section that further splits the first wall portion removed from the material to be crushed after being split by the rock-splitting section, as a target for small-splitting. The aforementioned rock-splitting section is, A first contact portion is formed which protrudes toward the first wall portion in a virtual orthogonal plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and which extends toward the axial direction while the position of the tip of the protrusion recedes toward the non-free surface side of the material to be crushed as the drilling direction progresses, A second contact portion extends parallel to the drilling direction and has a shape that allows it to contact the second wall portion on the side opposite the free surface of the material to be crushed in a planar manner, The structure is configured such that the tip of the projection of the first contact portion abuts against the first wall portion, and the second contact portion abuts against the second wall portion, while the entire shaft structure is pushed into the bore along the bore formation direction, thereby pressing against the inner wall surface of the bore and introducing a crack from the bore into the first wall portion. The multi-functional crushing tool is characterized in that the small-breaking portion is provided protruding in the axial direction from a position eccentric with respect to the axis toward the non-free surface side of the tip of the rock-breaking portion, and is configured to apply the external force to the portion to be broken while in contact with the portion to be broken, thereby breaking it into smaller pieces.

2. A multi-functional crushing tool according to claim 1, A multi-functional crushing tool further comprising a ripping section provided between the rear end and the rock-splitting section, wherein the entire shaft structure moves in a ripping direction toward the free surface while contacting the first wall portion of the borehole into which the crack has been introduced, thereby excavating the portion to be crushed from the borehole.

3. A crushing device that crushes the area around a pre-formed hole in the material to be crushed in the direction of hole formation, A multi-functional crushing tool according to claim 1 or 2, A breaker that applies the external force to the multi-functional crushing tool by striking its rear end while holding it, A construction machine that, while holding the breaker, pushes the multi-functional crushing tool into the borehole and contacts the part of the crushing section with the part to be crushed, A crushing device characterized by being equipped with the following features.

4. A crushing method which involves crushing the area around a pre-formed bore in the direction of bore formation in the material to be crushed, A step of preparing the multi-functional crushing tool according to claim 1 or 2, The process of breaking rock around the bore is performed by aligning the axial direction with the bore formation direction, inserting the small breaking portion and the rock-breaking portion of the multi-functional crushing tool into the bore, and then pushing the multi-functional crushing tool in the bore formation direction while applying an external force to the rear end of the multi-functional crushing tool, A step of removing the first wall portion, which has been removed from the material to be crushed after being crushed by the rock-breaking section, as a portion to be broken into smaller pieces, from the material to be crushed. The process of breaking the target portion into smaller pieces by applying an external force to the rear end of the multi-functional crushing tool while the crushing portion of the multi-functional crushing tool is in contact with the target portion, A crushing method characterized by comprising the following:

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