Alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, fermented liquid fertilizer, and fermented liquid feed.

Abstract

To obtain and achieve effective utilization of a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid livestock feed from a seaweed-derived waste which has been disposed of conventionally by low-cost fermentation treatment in a short period.SOLUTION: An alkaline fermentation treatment method for a seaweed-derived waste is characterized by that a seaweed-derived waste is put in a dilution water of a thermophilic bacterial group and is allowed for fermentation decomposition by a standing method in an alkali area of pH 7-9 by using a strong alkaline material. Also, a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid livestock feed by the alkaline fermentation treatment method is obtained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for alkali fermentation treatment of seaweed-derived waste, a fermented liquid fertilizer, and a fermentation broth for livestock feed.

Background Art

[0002] The thermophilic bacterial group is a symbiotically mixed culture mainly using the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK 053 sp. nov. (Deposit number FERM P-13598 at the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology) and the thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum SK522 (Deposit number 3459 at the Institute of Microbial Technology), and is a bacterial group that has a wide growth pH and strong activity even in an alkaline region. Here, the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK 053 sp. nov. belongs to the genus Thermoactinomyces, has the ability to grow in a temperature range of 10 to 85°C and a wide range of pH from 5.3 to 10.8, and is a thermophilic actinomycete having the ability to solubilize lignin and cellulolytic ability. Also, the thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum SK522 belongs to the genus Clostridium, grows in a temperature range of 40 to 80°C and pH 6 to 9.5, has the ability to solubilize lignin, and is a thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium that vigorously decomposes cellulose.

[0003] Since seaweed-derived waste is rich in minerals, amino acids, vitamins, etc., it has been desired to be effectively used for high-quality feed, fertilizers, etc. However, due to the fact that it has more than 87% moisture, rots quickly, and the harvesting periods overlap at one time, most of the seaweed-derived waste has not been effectively utilized and has reached the present situation.

[0004] Although it can be used as feed after drying and pulverization, since it has a large amount of moisture and requires a dedicated plant for drying and pulverization, and the energy of the heat source also costs as a running cost, it becomes an expensive feed and has not been realized.

[0005] Traditionally, waste has been disposed of by incineration, but because it contains a high amount of moisture and is saltwater, it damages the furnaces of incineration facilities and has become less desirable. Landfill disposal is also being used, but in either case, it incurs high disposal costs. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Published Patent Application 2005-74423 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] While the effective utilization of seaweed-derived waste such as wakame and kelp has been considered for some time, there were no easy ways to utilize it effectively due to its high moisture content and rapid abnormal decomposition such as spoilage at the start of processing.

[0008] Furthermore, most seaweeds have limited harvesting seasons, resulting in large amounts of seaweed-derived waste being generated in a short period. This waste cannot be easily disposed of and has sometimes led to social problems such as illegal dumping.

[0009] The problem that this invention aims to solve is to effectively utilize seaweed-derived waste by fermenting it in a short period of time and at low cost, and then converting it into fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The inventors have developed a method that has been considered difficult to use in the past: utilizing seaweed-derived waste through fermentation treatment. This method involves culturing the waste using the following alkaline fermentation treatment method, and then effectively utilizing it as a fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed.

[0011] One method for treating seaweed-derived waste involves treating the seaweed-derived waste with a diluted solution of thermophilic bacteria. Place in a container and then use a strong alkaline substance to maintain an alkaline pH of 7-9 using the static method. A seaweed-derived waste product characterized by being produced by fermentation decomposition and obtaining a culture. Rucali fermentation treatment method.

[0012] The second method for treating seaweed-derived waste involves placing the seaweed-derived waste in diluted water containing thermophilic bacteria, and then using a strongly alkaline substance to produce a starter culture by static fermentation decomposition in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9. The alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste is characterized by placing the seaweed-derived waste in diluted water containing the starter culture and a mixture of thermophilic bacteria, and then using a strongly alkaline substance to produce a culture by static fermentation decomposition in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9.

[0013] By the alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or claim 2, A fermented liquid fertilizer made from cultured material obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

[0014] By the alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or claim 2, A fermented liquid feed consisting of cultured material obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] This invention makes it possible to effectively utilize fermented liquid fertilizers and fermented liquid feeds.

[0016] While the effective utilization of seaweed-derived waste such as wakame and kelp has been considered for some time, its high water content, rapid decomposition from harvest to decay, and the fact that most seaweeds have limited harvesting seasons, resulting in large quantities of seaweed-derived waste being generated in a short period and making it difficult to process, have led to its disposal in large quantities until now. However, this invention makes it possible to effectively utilize it as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0017] [Figure 1] This diagram shows the addition of wakame seaweed waste (cut roots). [Figure 2]It is a diagram showing stirring with an oar and pH adjustment with sodium hydroxide.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] One embodiment of the invention is an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, which comprises putting seaweed-derived waste into 50-fold diluted water of thermophilic bacteria group, and further fermenting and decomposing it by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using sodium hydroxide which is a strong alkaline substance.

[0019] The second embodiment of the invention is to obtain a culture produced by putting seaweed-derived waste into 50-fold diluted water of thermophilic bacteria group, and further fermenting and decomposing it by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using a strong alkaline substance. Then put the seaweed-derived waste into 50-fold diluted water with this culture as inoculum, and further ferment and decompose it by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using a strong alkaline substance to obtain a culture. It is an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste.

[0020] [[ID=???]] The third embodiment of the invention is to remove foreign substances, sediment, etc. from the culture produced by fermenting seaweed-derived waste by any of the alkaline fermentation treatment methods described in the first and the second above, and effectively utilize it as a fermented liquid fertilizer or a fermented liquid feed.

[0021] The components of kelp waste are (per 100 g): moisture 89.0 g, protein, lipid 0.2 g, carbohydrate 5.6 g, ash 3.3 g (sub-components: salt content 1.8 g, sodium 450 mg, potassium 570 mg, calcium 220 mg, magnesium 78 mg, iron 23 mg). (From the food standard analysis table)

[0022] According to the measurement of enzyme activity by apizyme of the culture produced by the alkaline fermentation treatment method of kelp waste of the present invention, enzyme activities such as protease and cellulase were recognized, and the result of fiber decomposition of kelp waste was recognized.

[0023] It should be noted that there seems to be a mistake in the original text where " " is not used in the content. Also, the "[[ID=???]]" in the translation of " " is just a placeholder for the correct translation if there is a specific meaning in the original text that was not clear.The starter culture produced by the seaweed-derived waste treatment method, part two of the present invention, contains more bacteria than thermophilic bacteria, but it develops into a different microbial community. Therefore, by simultaneously adding thermophilic bacteria in an amount equivalent to 25-50% of the starter culture's weight, efficient fermentation and decomposition can be achieved. (Hereinafter, the mixture of thermophilic bacteria and the culture will be referred to as alkaliphilic microorganisms.) The starter culture should be stored in a sealed container, such as a plastic container, at a pH of 8.5-9.5 in a cool, dark place. (Storage period: within 1 year)

[0024] With reference to Figures 1 and 2 and Graph 1, embodiments of the present invention will be explained using an example with wakame waste d. Wakame waste d is a by-product generated during wakame harvesting, consisting of the leaves which are unsightly and cannot be commercialized, and the hard core and root parts which cannot be used as food. First, an aqueous solution obtained by diluting alkaliphilic microorganism c to 50 times its weight in an amount equal to 1.4 times the weight of wakame waste d is added to fermentation tank a, and then the wakame waste d is added and submerged. Next, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e is added while stirring well with a paddle b, and the pH is adjusted to 9. After that, the pH is measured after stirring once a day, and if the pH is below 7, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e is added to adjust the pH to 9. This process is repeated until the pH stops decreasing. At this time, the progress of fermentation can be clearly seen by the decrease in solid matter such as wakame waste and the rate at which the pH decreases. When fermentation is complete, the pH will stop decreasing, which serves as an indicator that the fermentation decomposition by the alkaline fermentation treatment method is finished.

[0025] Graph 1 shows the pH changes of the wakame waste fermentation process, which began on March 17, 2021. Wakame waste d was placed in the fermentation tank shown in Figure 1 according to the alkaline fermentation treatment method of the present invention. After stirring once daily, the pH was measured. If the pH fell below 7, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e was added to adjust it to 9. This operation was repeated, and it was confirmed that the pH stopped decreasing from April 21st, and fermentation was completed on May 3rd. It is desirable to complete the process at least 10 days after confirming that the pH no longer decreases. (As shown in the table, the pH hardly decreased after April 21st.) Note that the rate at which the pH decreases varies with the liquid temperature, so the fermentation status should be judged solely by the pH level and the reduction in wakame seaweed residue. At the end of fermentation, only a small amount of wakame residue remains, and sediment, which is typical of liquid fermentation, has formed.

[0026] (Table 1) TIFF0007847735000001.tif103158

[0027] In the alkaline fermentation treatment method of the present invention, if fermentation is attempted to proceed in a pH range of 7 or lower, many unwanted microorganisms such as mold, bacteria, and yeast proliferate, making the product prone to spoilage. At this time, if spoilage occurs during the fermentation process, the pH will drop rapidly to around 4, so care must be taken. However, the conditions of this alkaline fermentation process If prepared at a pH of 7 to 9, it will not spoil unless conditions deteriorate more than expected. Furthermore, if fermentation is attempted in a pH range of 9 or higher, the fibrous material of the wakame waste d will be broken down by the alkali, reducing the amount of useful substances such as amino acids and minerals produced by the microbial decomposition of the culture, thus decreasing its effectiveness as fertilizer and animal feed.

[0028] When using it as a fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed, the sediment produced during liquid fermentation is said to be a mass of microorganisms, but considering that it may also contain foreign matter and other insoluble substances, it is filtered through a mesh screen. Since the sediment is made up of very fine particles, it often clogs the mesh. Therefore, by widening the filtration area and performing the filtration in the liquid, the water pressure on the mesh is reduced, and filtration can be performed relatively smoothly. For fermented liquid fertilizers, it is best to remove the sediment to prevent clogging of the pipes and equipment used for application. However, for fermented liquid feed, it is considered better to leave the sediment in.

[0029] The static fermentation decomposition method involves stirring the mixture once a day with a paddle (b) or similar tool, without aeration, and then allowing it to stand to ferment and decompose. For example, the wakame waste d used in this case is placed in a fermentation tank with diluted water containing thermophilic bacteria c, and the mixture is submerged. Next, sodium hydroxide solution e is added while stirring well with paddle b to adjust the pH to 9, and the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank is allowed to stand. After that, the mixture is stirred once a day with paddle b, and the pH is measured. If the pH falls below 7, sodium hydroxide solution e is added to adjust it to 9. If the pH is above 7, the fermentation liquid is left to stand without stirring with paddle b. This operation is repeated until the pH no longer falls, allowing fermentation to proceed. This method, in which the mixture is temporarily stirred to mix the sodium hydroxide with the fermentation liquid and to equalize the pH of the fermentation liquid, and then left to stand to allow fermentation and decomposition to proceed, is called the static fermentation decomposition method.

[0030] When implementing the alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, doubling the amount of alkaliphilic microorganisms inoculated into the wakame waste d, and fermenting at a liquid temperature of 60°C at the start of preparation, can suppress the growth of harmful, toxic filamentous fungi and bacteria, resulting in the production of more expensive fermented liquid fertilizers and fermented liquid feeds.

[0031] The fermented liquid fertilizer produced by this invention can be applied to crops, fruit trees, and ornamental plants in fields and greenhouses by diluting the culture produced by the alkaline fermentation method with water 100 to 500 times and applying it by irrigation or foliar spraying. This can help alleviate continuous cropping problems, promote root growth, and enhance tree vigor.

[0032] Similarly, with regard to fermented liquid feed, it is expected that adding diluted water of a culture produced by alkaline fermentation to livestock feed or drinking water will regulate the balance of intestinal bacteria and boost immunity, similar to live bacterial preparations. [Industrial applicability]

[0033] Establishing a method for processing wakame seaweed waste would enable the effective reuse of materials that were previously discarded, leading to significant economic benefits. Furthermore, it would allow for the effective utilization of not only wakame waste but also other unused seaweed-derived waste such as kelp. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] a Fermentation tank b oar c. Alkaline microbial dilution water d Wakame seaweed waste e. Sodium hydroxide solution

Claims

1. A method for producing fermented liquid fertilizer consisting of a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9 using a strongly alkaline substance.

2. A method for producing fermented liquid feed consisting of a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9 using a strongly alkaline substance.

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