Crop growth promoting compound, coated seeds, and method for producing the same

Abstract

To provide a compounding material for promoting crop growth, comprising a composite material for a mycorrhizal fungi growth-promoting vitalizer, which can enhance the stability and sustainability of the mycorrhizal fungi growth-promoting vitalizer, blended with mycorrhizal fungi or their partner bacteria, and coated seeds using the compounding material and its production method.SOLUTION: A compounding material for promoting crop growth comprises a composite material of a cyclodextrin-encapsulated mycorrhizal fungi growth-promoting vitalizer comprising at least one of zeolite, charcoal, coffee grounds, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and montmorillonite, blended with mycorrhizal fungi or their partner bacteria.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite material for a mycorrhizal growth promoting activator that can enhance the stability and sustainability of a mycorrhizal growth promoting activator, a compound material for promoting crop growth containing mycorrhizal fungi and its partner bacteria, coated seeds using the same, and a method for producing the same.

Background Art

[0002] Among mycorrhizal fungi, the oldest arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have formed a "you scratch my back, I scratch yours" relationship, that is, a "symbiotic" relationship with plants since 460 million years ago. In return for obtaining the photosynthetic products of plants, they promote the absorption of nutrients and water by plants, impart disease and pest resistance and environmental stress tolerance to plants, etc., and have made great contributions to the growth of almost all current plants. By utilizing this mycorrhizal fungus, it has become clear that it is possible not to use chemically synthesized pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and to realize safe, secure and sustainable organic crop cultivation and organic environmental greening. Currently, mycorrhizal fungi are commercially available, but there is a need for technology to make the effect of inoculating mycorrhizal fungi on plant roots more stable.

[0003] As improvement measures, (1) it is necessary to utilize a mycorrhizal growth promoting activator to enhance the stability and sustainability of the mycorrhizal inoculation effect. Also, (2) when producing a compound material of this mycorrhizal growth promoting activator and mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and its partner bacteria, it can be a very effective mycorrhizal inoculation source. Furthermore, (3) the method of coating seeds using a compound material of a mycorrhizal growth promoting activator and mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and its partner bacteria is an epoch-making agricultural production technology that expands the application scenarios of mycorrhizal fungi.

[0004] As mycorrhizal growth promoting activators that have been clarified so far, substances shown in Non-Patent Documents 1-3 are known. In addition to these, in the present invention, it has been clarified that the plant activator HB101 (trade name) manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. is also a mycorrhizal growth promoting activator. Figure 1 summarizes these mycorrhizal growth promoting activators.

[0005] However, some of these mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants are insoluble in water or highly volatile, and these must be considered when manufacturing materials containing a stable mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant with enhanced efficacy. However, in the case of these insoluble or volatile mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants, a method is known to solve the problem by encapsulating them in cyclodextrin, as shown in the inventor's patent (Patent Document 1).

[0006] Partner bacteria are bacteria that inhabit or surround the spores of mycorrhizal fungi. Non-patent document 4 identifies Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01:NBRC109633, received May 8, 2013), Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02:NBRC109634, received May 8, 2013), Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03:NBRC109635, received May 8, 2013), and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01:NBRC109613, received April 12, 2013). These partner bacteria have been shown to promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, as well as possess antibacterial and insecticidal properties, nitrogen fixation ability, and phosphorus solubility ability. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5513563 [Non-Patent Document 1] Takaaki Ishii, 2014, The Function and Use of Mycorrhizal Fungi, Rural Culture Association, p.37. [Non-Patent Document 2] Rutt, KL et al., 1999, Effects of lipids on mycelial growth of VA mycorrhizal fungi, Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 64 (Suppl. 2), p. 113. [Non-Patent Document 3] Shibata, Y., et al., 2005, Effects of phospholipids on the growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 74 (Suppl. 1), p. 457. [Non-Patent Document 4] Takaaki Ishii, 2012, Research on soil management utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, related microorganisms, and partner plants, IFO Research Communications, Vol. 26, pp. 87-100. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Currently, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants are available, but some have unstable inoculation effects. Furthermore, it is necessary to discover new vitality enhancers other than those already known for promoting mycorrhizal fungal growth, and these enhancers must be made water-soluble and less volatile to facilitate their action on mycorrhizal fungi. In addition, it is necessary to manufacture highly beneficial mycorrhizal fungal inoculants by combining mycorrhizal fungal growth enhancers with mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria. Moreover, in order to expand the applications of mycorrhizal fungi, the development of groundbreaking coated seeds using materials that combine mycorrhizal fungal growth enhancers with mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria is extremely important.

[0009] Thus, in order to promote the widespread use of mycorrhizal fungi, it is necessary to create a mycorrhizal fungal inoculant that exhibits stable and sustained efficacy, rather than relying solely on the current inoculant sources containing only mycorrhizal fungi. Furthermore, it is essential to develop extremely unique coated seeds that can actively utilize mycorrhizal fungi and partner bacteria using this technology.

[0010] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a crop growth promoting compound material that combines mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria with a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoting vitality agent that can enhance stability and sustainability, as well as coated seeds using the same and a method for producing the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] To achieve the above objective, the crop growth promoting compound of the present invention comprises a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoting vitality agent encapsulated with cyclodextrin.and Zeolite, charcoal, and coffee grounds of Includes at least one of the following: capital The material contains mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria. A compound material for promoting crop growth, , The aforementioned partner bacteria include at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of the following strains from the genus Bacillus: Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633 strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02)NBRC109634 strain, Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03)NBRC109635 strain, and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01)NBRC109613 strain, from the genus Pseudomonas. It is characterized by the following.

[0012] Furthermore, the coated seeds of the present invention are characterized in that the seeds are coated with the above-mentioned compound materials.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for producing coated seeds of the present invention is characterized by coating the seeds with the above-mentioned compound materials.

[0014] According to the present invention, the stability and persistence of mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants can be enhanced, and it is possible to manufacture compound materials containing this mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant, mycorrhizal fungi, and their partner bacteria, as well as to manufacture coated seeds using these compound materials.

[0015] This invention activates the function of mycorrhizal fungi, leading to faster and more active nutrient and water absorption by crops, as well as increased resistance to diseases, pests, and environmental stress. Furthermore, partner bacteria not only promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi but also possess antibacterial and insecticidal properties, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, and can dissolve poorly soluble or insoluble phosphorus in the soil. Therefore, it is expected that the compound of this invention, working in cooperation with mycorrhizal fungi, can promote vigorous crop growth even with reduced nitrogen and phosphorus application rates. Moreover, coated seeds using this compound are expected to significantly expand the applications of mycorrhizal fungi and partner bacteria.

[0016] Thus, the mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting vitality agent with enhanced stability and sustainability according to the present invention, combined with mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria, promotes the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, confers disease and pest resistance and environmental stress tolerance to crops, thereby promoting vigorous crop growth, increasing yields, and improving crop quality. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, the stability and persistence of the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter can be enhanced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] [Figure 1] It is a table showing the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter. [Figure 2] It is a table showing the effect of HB101 on the growth of the mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus clarum). [Figure 3] It is a micrograph showing the effect of HB101 on the growth of the mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus clarum). [Figure 4] It is a photograph showing the effect of the zeolite containing the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter (HB101), the mycorrhizal fungus, and the partner bacteria thereof on the growth of tomatoes.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0020] (1) Method for producing the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter Among the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoters, there are those insoluble in water, those liable to volatilize, etc., and a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter with high stability and persistence of effect is required. Therefore, a product in which the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter is included with cyclodextrin was prepared by the method described in Patent Document 1. Note that a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter having at least one of the properties of water solubility and low volatility may be in its original state without being included with cyclodextrin.

[0021] (2) Novel mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter and its examples The effects of the plant growth stimulant HB101 (product name: manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd.) on the growth of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus clarum) were investigated. As shown in Figure 2, mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi was investigated under various concentrations of HB101 in the dark at 25°C. As a result, mycelial growth tended to be significantly promoted at a 10⁻⁴ dilution (Figures 2 and 3). This suggests that the growth-promoting effect of plant growth stimulants like HB101 is particularly pronounced in the presence of mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria.

[0022] (3) Method for producing a composite material containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoting activator, for example, a compound material containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoting activator and mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria. The mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant is mixed with materials such as zeolite, charcoal, and coffee grounds to create a composite material containing the mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant. Then, mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria are added to this composite material. The mycorrhizal fungi can include arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi such as Glomus clarum, as well as ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, orchid-type mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi, etc. The partner bacteria are bacteria that inhabit or around the spores of mycorrhizal fungi, and are one or more microorganisms selected from the following groups.

[0023] 1) Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain 2) Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain 3) Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain 4) Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 strain bacteria The optimal blending ratio of materials containing the fungal growth-promoting stimulant, mycorrhizal fungi, and partner bacteria is expected to vary depending on the type of crop, cultivation environment, etc., so the appropriate blending ratio should be determined on a case-by-case basis.

[0024] (3-1) Experimental Examples This section describes an experimental example of the effects of zeolite containing the above-mentioned mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant, combined with a material containing mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria, on tomato growth.

[0025] (experiment) Tomato (variety: Orange Aiko) seeds were sown in potting soil and then grown in an unheated greenhouse. After germination, 2g each of zeolite containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter and a mixture of mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria were applied. The control group consisted of zeolite containing the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter alone. HB101 (trade name) was used as the mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter, Glomus clarum (an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) was used as the mycorrhizal fungus, and the four bacteria listed above were used as the partner bacteria. Seedling growth was observed two weeks after the start of treatment.

[0026] As a result, seedlings in the treatment group (treatment group) using zeolite containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter and a mixture of mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria grew significantly more vigorously than the control group, even just two weeks after the start of treatment. Figure 4 shows the effect of zeolite containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoter (HB101) and a mixture of mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria on tomato growth.

[0027] (4) Method for producing coated seeds using a material containing a mycorrhizal fungus growth-promoting stimulant and a material containing mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria. 30 g of zeolite containing the mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant, which includes mycorrhizal fungal spores and mycelium, is mixed with approximately 100 ml of a 1% to 3% sodium alginate aqueous solution containing the partner bacteria. Then, crop seeds are immersed in this mixture or the mixture is applied to the seeds, and then the seeds are dropped into a 1% calcium chloride solution to induce gelation. This is dried at room temperature for about 24 hours and then granulated to produce coated seeds containing the mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulant and a mixture of mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria that coats the surface of the seeds.

[0028] Besides zeolite, other materials such as charcoal, coffee grounds, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and montmorillonite can also be used, but zeolite is the most suitable. In addition to sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium polyacrylate can also be used, but sodium polyacrylate is not recommended because it does not decompose easily in soil.

[0029] Although the features and manufacturing methods of the present invention have been described above, it can be easily inferred that the present invention is not limited in any way to the above features and embodiments, and that various improvements and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0030] For example, Figure 1 shows mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants discovered to date, but it is expected that new mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants will be discovered in the future, and the present invention is a manufacturing method that can also handle these new mycorrhizal fungal growth-promoting stimulants.

[0031] Furthermore, in embodiment 3-1 described above, all four types of partner bacteria were tested, but the invention is not necessarily limited to these bacteria, and one or more other types of beneficial microorganisms may be added. Examples of other beneficial microorganisms include lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and Beauveria bacteria. Since all four types of partner bacteria are microorganisms that can coexist with lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Beauveria bacteria, etc., it is possible to manufacture a composite material containing an even more effective (stable and high-quality) mycorrhizal fungal growth promoting vitality agent, and a compound material containing mycorrhizal fungi or mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria.

Claims

1. A crop growth promoting material comprising a mycorrhizal fungus growth promoting stimulant encapsulated with cyclodextrin, and a material containing at least one of zeolite, charcoal, and coffee grounds, to which mycorrhizal fungi and their partner bacteria are combined, The aforementioned partner bacteria are Within the genus Bacillus, Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain, It includes at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain from the genus Paenibacillus, and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 strain from the genus Pseudomonas. A compound material for promoting crop growth characterized by the following features.

2. Seeds are coated with the crop growth promoting compound according to claim 1. Coated seeds characterized by the following features.

3. The crop growth promoting compound material described in claim 1 is used to coat seeds. A method for producing coated seeds, characterized by the above.

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