Piping construction

Abstract

To provide a piping structure for cooling systems inside a ship. [Solution] The piping structure includes a first refrigerant pipe 120 through which refrigerant flows from the compressor 104 to the condenser 106, a second refrigerant pipe 122 through which refrigerant flows from the condenser 106 to the first branch 132, a third refrigerant pipe 124 through which refrigerant flows from the first branch 132 to the expansion valve 107, a fourth refrigerant pipe 126 through which refrigerant flows from the expansion valve 107 to the cooling unit 108, a fifth refrigerant pipe 128 through which refrigerant flows from the cooling unit 108 to the second branch 134, and a sixth refrigerant pipe 130 through which refrigerant flows from the second branch 134 to the compressor 104.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a piping structure for a cooling device inside a ship.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a piping structure including a refrigerant pipe that is piped inside a ship and through which a refrigerant flows, and a heat insulation part provided outside the refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant pipe is connected to a piping structure of a cooling device that is a refrigerator or a freezer installed inside the ship.

[0003] In the piping structure of Patent Document 1, dew condensation on the refrigerant pipe is prevented by the heat insulation part, but since the heat insulation part around the refrigerant pipe is formed of a heat insulation material with fluidity such as urethane foam that has been hardened, the maintainability of the refrigerant pipe deteriorates.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a piping structure that can easily attach a covering part to a refrigerant pipe and efficiently prevent dew condensation on the refrigerant pipe by adjusting the thickness of the covering part in consideration of the diameter of the refrigerant pipe and the gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The piping structure according to the present invention is a piping structure in which refrigerant circulates in a ship in the order of compressor, condenser, first branch, expansion valve, cooling unit, second branch, and the compressor, comprising: a first refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the condenser; a second refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the condenser to the first branch; a third refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the first branch to the expansion valve; a fourth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve to the cooling unit; a fifth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the cooling unit to the second branch; and the second branch to the expansion valve. The first refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 20mm to 65mm, the second refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 30mm to 50mm, the third refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 20mm to 40mm, the fourth refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 10mm to 40mm, the fifth refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 20mm to 65mm, and the sixth refrigerant pipe has an inner diameter of 65mm to 100mm. Coverings are provided on the outer surfaces of the first, second, and fourth to sixth refrigerant pipes. The coating portion of the pipe is one layer, and the thickness of the coating portion is 20 mm to 35 mm. A coating portion is provided on a part of the third refrigerant pipe, and the thickness of the coating portion is 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the coating portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the coating portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are one or two layers, and the sum of the thickness of the coating portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the coating portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe is less than or equal to the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe shall be one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe shall be 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe shall be one or two layers, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes andThe sum of the thickness of the coating portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the coating portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe is less than or equal to the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe and the other fifth refrigerant pipe. If the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe and the other fifth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, then the coating portion of the one fifth refrigerant pipe and the coating portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the coating portion of the one fifth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the coating portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0007] In the aforementioned piping structure, the covering portion is a closed-cell nitrile-based synthetic rubber with an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. 3 )~55(kg / m 3 ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·k) to 0.038 (W / m·k), and the moisture permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m 2 ·s·Pa)~0.19ng / (m 2 It is ·s·Pa).

[0008] The piping structure of the present invention comprises a refrigerant pipe installed inside a ship through which a refrigerant flows, and an insulating section provided on the outside of the refrigerant pipe, wherein the refrigerant pipe is connected to a cooling device which is a refrigerator or freezer installed inside the ship, and the insulating section is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe and has a plurality of insulating layers.

[0009] The aforementioned heat insulating portion has a covering portion that constitutes a single heat insulating layer and covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, or covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes together.

[0010] The covering portion has heat insulating tape that is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, or around the parallel arrangement of multiple refrigerant pipes.

[0011] The covering portion comprises an inner covering portion that adheres closely to and covers the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, and an outer covering portion that adheres closely to and covers the outer surface of the inner covering portion.

[0012] The covering portion comprises an inner covering portion that individually adheres to and covers the outer surface of each of the multiple parallel refrigerant pipes, and an outer covering portion that is covered on the outer surface side by the inner covering portion and covers the periphery of the multiple parallel refrigerant pipes collectively, wherein the outer covering portion is curved along the outer surface so as to adhere to the outer surface of the inner covering portion.

[0013] The aforementioned heat insulating portion comprises a covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and a plate-shaped heat insulating member interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes in the plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes.

[0014] The aforementioned heat insulating section has a covering unit that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and the covering unit has a plurality of covering covers arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent covering covers overlap each other in the circumferential direction to form a plurality of heat insulating layers.

[0015] The aforementioned heat insulating portion includes an outer covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and an inner covering portion that individually adheres to and covers the outer circumferential surface of each of the plurality of refrigerant pipes within the outer covering portion.

[0016] The heat insulating portion comprises an intermediate covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and an outer covering portion that covers the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate covering portion.

[0017] The piping method of the present invention comprises the steps of connecting a refrigerant pipe to a cooling device, which is a refrigerator or freezer, installed inside a ship, and piping the pipe inside the ship, and providing an insulating portion on the outer surface side of the piped refrigerant pipe, wherein the insulating portion is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe and has a plurality of insulating layers. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the piping structure related to the cooling device, by adjusting the thickness of the covering part in consideration of the diameter of the refrigerant pipe and the gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes, the attachment of the covering part to the refrigerant pipe can be facilitated, and dew condensation of the refrigerant pipe can be efficiently prevented. Further, dew condensation of the refrigerant pipe can be efficiently prevented by the heat insulating part that is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the refrigerant pipe and has a plurality of heat insulating layers. When a problem occurs in the refrigerant pipe, the heat insulating part attached to the refrigerant pipe can be removed, so the maintainability is also high.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] Schematic diagram showing the configuration of a ship [Figure 2] Schematic diagram showing a refrigeration cycle [Figure 3] Cross-sectional view showing a piping structure including a single refrigerant pipe and a heat insulating part [Figure 4] Cross-sectional view showing a piping structure including refrigerant pipes and a heat insulating part of parallel refrigerant pipes [Figure 5] Cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention [Figure 6] Cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the piping structure shown in FIG. 5 is provided near the peripheral wall [Figure 7] Cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention [Figure 8] Cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention [Figure 9] Flow chart showing a piping method to which the present invention is applied [Figure 10] Schematic diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention [Figure 11] FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the single-layer covering part 136, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the two-layer covering part 136

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a ship, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle. Ship 1 is a refrigerated ship, freezer ship, or fishing vessel that transports items such as food that require refrigeration. Multiple cooling devices 2, which are refrigerators or freezers, are installed inside Ship 1. The items to be transported are housed inside the cooling devices 2, and the temperature inside the cooling devices 2 is kept low by supplying a refrigerant to the cooling devices 2. The refrigerant is circulated by a refrigeration cycle 3 installed inside Ship 1.

[0021] The refrigeration cycle 3 comprises a compressor 4, a condenser 6, an expansion valve 7, a cooling unit 8, and refrigerant pipes 9, which are piped to connect these components. Refrigerant flows through the inside of the refrigerant pipes 9. The cooling unit 8 is, for example, an evaporator or a heat exchanger, and is installed in each cooling device 2. The refrigerant pipes 9 branch off and are piped from the condenser 6 to each cooling unit 8. The condenser 6 is connected to each cooling unit 8 by the refrigerant pipes 9. The expansion valve 7 is located upstream of each cooling unit 8 of the branched refrigerant pipes 9.

[0022] The compressor 4 compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant that flows in from the cooling unit 8 through the refrigerant pipe 9, and discharges the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 6 through the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0023] The condenser 6 condenses and liquefies the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing in from the compressor 4, and discharges the medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant through the refrigerant pipe 9 to the expansion valve 7. The condenser 6 is equipped with a pump to supply cooling water from an external source for cooling the refrigerant, or a fan to send cool air to cool the refrigerant. The condenser 6 may be a water-cooled type equipped with a pump, or an air-cooled type equipped with a fan, and its specific configuration is not limited.

[0024] The expansion valve 7 reduces the pressure of the medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing in from the condenser 6, and allows the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant to flow out to the cooling unit 8 via the refrigerant pipe 9. A very small-diameter flow path is formed inside the expansion valve 7. Inside the expansion valve 7, as the refrigerant flows through this flow path, its flow velocity increases, and its pressure and temperature decrease.

[0025] In the cooling unit 8, the liquid refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, flows in from the expansion valve 7 and exchanges heat with the air inside the cooling unit 8, thereby cooling the inside of the cooling unit 8. The gaseous refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, then flows out again to the compressor 4 via the refrigerant pipes 9. At this time, the refrigerant pipes 9 that run from each cooling unit 8 to the compressor 4 are routed so that they merge with other refrigerant pipes 9 along the way to the compressor 4.

[0026] The refrigerant pipes 9 may be routed in a bent state in order to connect to the compressor 4, condenser 6, expansion valve 7, and cooling unit 8. In addition, the refrigerant pipes 9 are routed in a T-shape where they branch off from or merge with other refrigerant pipes 9.

[0027] This allows the refrigerant to be supplied to each of the multiple cooling devices 2 installed within the ship 1. The configuration of the refrigeration cycle 3 is not limited to the example described above. For example, if two types of refrigerants with different boiling points are used, the refrigeration cycle 3 may be configured as a binary refrigeration cycle, with a separate cycle for each type of refrigerant, connected by a cascade condenser.

[0028] Furthermore, the refrigerant pipes 9, which are routed from each cooling device 2, are consolidated in one place and routed in parallel throughout the ship.

[0029] Next, the configuration of the refrigerant pipe 9 and the insulation section 11 will be described based on Figure 3.

[0030] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a piping structure comprising a single refrigerant pipe and an insulating section. In Figure 3, the insulating section 11 is provided on the outside of the refrigerant pipe 9, which is routed inside the ship 1 and through which the refrigerant flows. The insulating section 11 insulates the inside of the refrigerant pipe 9 from the outside. The insulating section 11 is attached to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has multiple covering sections 12.

[0031] The covering portion 12 is composed of an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9. The insulating portion 11 has an inner covering portion 12A and an outer covering portion 12B (referred to as "covering portion 12" as appropriate) as covering portions.

[0032] The covering portion 12 is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9. In Figure 3, the covering portion 12 is wrapped around the entire refrigerant pipe 9, but it may also be wrapped around only a part of the refrigerant pipe 9. The insulating material constituting the covering portion 12 is mainly made of closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber and has enough flexibility to bend along the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0033] The inner covering portion 12A is an insulating layer that adheres closely to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and covers the entire circumference of the outer surface.

[0034] The outer covering portion 12B is a heat insulating layer that adheres closely to the outer circumferential surface of the inner covering portion 12A and covers the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface. The outer covering portion 12B is formed by overlapping the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical inner covering portion 12A.

[0035] Furthermore, the insulating material constituting the covering portion 12 is mainly composed of closed-cell nitrile-based synthetic rubber. Specifically, for example, the covering portion 12 is composed of closed-cell structure nitrile-based synthetic rubber with an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. 3 )~55(kg / m 3 ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·k) to 0.038 (W / m·k), and the moisture permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m 2 ·s·Pa)~0.19ng / (m 2It is composed of a material with a pressure of 0.5° and 0.5°Pa. Due to the properties of this material, the covering portion 12 has flexibility and heat insulation properties. The covering portion 12 may also be a tubular heat insulating material, heat insulating tape, or rubber sheet, etc.

[0036] Next, a piping structure comprising parallel refrigerant pipes 9,9 and an insulating section 11 will be described based on Figure 4.

[0037] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a piping configuration comprising parallel refrigerant pipes and an insulating section. In the piping structure of Figure 4, the insulating section 11 is provided on the outside of the two parallel refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The insulating section 11 is attached to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has multiple covering sections 12.

[0038] The covering portion 12 is an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0039] The inner covering portions 12A, 12A are insulating layers that are individually in close contact with the outer surfaces of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and cover the entire circumference of those outer surfaces.

[0040] Each outer surface of the side covering portion 12A, 12A is circular in cross-sectional view. Furthermore, the outer surface of one inner covering portion 12A is in contact with the outer surface of the other inner covering portion 12A in cross-sectional view.

[0041] In Figure 4, the outer covering portion 12B is formed overlapping at least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical inner covering portions 12A, 12A in most areas, excluding the contact points between the inner covering portions 12A, 12A.

[0042] More specifically, the outer covering portion 12B covers the outer circumferential surfaces of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A as a single unit. The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to the outer circumferential surfaces of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A, curves along these surfaces, and has a cross-sectional shape resembling a sideways figure eight. This prevents gaps from forming between the inner covering portion 12A and the outer covering portion 12B, and effectively prevents condensation on the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0043] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figures 5 and 6.

[0044] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the piping structure shown in Figure 5 provided near the peripheral wall. In the piping structures of Figures 5 and 6, the heat insulating section 11 is provided on the outside of two refrigerant pipes 9, 9 that are piped in parallel. The heat insulating section 11 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has a plurality of covering sections 12 and a heat insulating member 13.

[0045] The covering portion 12 is an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The insulating portion 11 has an intermediate covering portion 12C and an outer covering portion 12B as covering portions.

[0046] The intermediate covering portion 12C is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9,9.

[0047] The outer covering portion 12B is attached to or wrapped around the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate covering portion 12C. In Figure 5, the outer covering portion 12B is wrapped around the entire intermediate covering portion 12C, but it may also be wrapped around only a part of the intermediate covering portion 12C.

[0048] The intermediate covering portion 12C is an insulating layer formed around the refrigerant pipes 9,9, and covers them as a single unit. The intermediate covering portion 12C adheres closely to the outer surface of approximately half of the circumference of the refrigerant pipes 9,9 in the direction in which they are spaced apart from each other in the parallel direction. The intermediate covering portion 12C is cylindrical and has an elongated elliptical shape in cross-section. Here, the parallel direction is the left-right direction in the illustrated example, and is referred to as the "left-right direction".

[0049] The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate covering portion 12C and covers the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface. The outer covering portion 12B is an insulating layer formed by overlapping the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate insulating layer 12C.

[0050] The thermal insulation member 13 is a rectangular plate-like member that extends in a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 when viewed in cross-section. Here, in Figure 5, this is the vertical direction and is referred to as the "vertical direction". The thermal insulation member 13 is interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The thermal insulation member 13 is mainly made of closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber and has the same or approximately the same thermal insulation properties as the thermal insulation sheet that constitutes the intermediate covering portion 12C described above.

[0051] The left and right sides of the heat insulating member 13 are in contact with the outer surfaces of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9, and the heat insulating member 13 is sandwiched between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0052] The insulating member 13 is interposed between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. Therefore, even when there is a large gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and it is difficult for the outer covering portion 12B to be in close contact with almost the entire circumference of the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A, the gap between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is filled with the insulating member 13, and condensation on the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is effectively prevented.

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, when the refrigerant pipes 9,9 are routed in parallel near the circumferential wall 14 inside the ship 1, a portion of the outer covering portion 12B is attached to the circumferential wall 14 and wrapped around the outer surface of the intermediate covering portion 12C.

[0054] Even when the refrigerant pipe 9 is routed near the peripheral wall 14 and it is difficult to cover the entire circumference of the intermediate covering portion 12C with the outer covering portion 12B, the outer covering portion 12B adheres tightly to the peripheral wall 14 and covers most of the area around the intermediate covering portion 12C, thus providing an effective heat insulation effect and preventing condensation on the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0055] Furthermore, the outer surface of the outer covering portion 12B may be covered with another covering portion to increase the number of insulation layers. In other words, the insulation layers constituting the insulation portion 11 are not limited to two or three layers, but may have a multi-layer structure of more than two layers.

[0056] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figure 7.

[0057] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the piping structure of Figure 7, the heat insulating section 11 is provided on the outer surface of five refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 that are piped in parallel. The heat insulating section 11 has a cylindrical covering unit 16 that covers the refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 as a whole, and a heat insulating member 13. The heat insulating member 13 is interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 in a cross-sectional view within the cylindrical shape of the covering unit 16.

[0058] The covering unit 16 has covering covers 17 and 18. The covering covers 17 and 18 have a main body made of thermal insulation material and a cover that covers the outer surface of the main body. The shape of the covering cover 17 is a long U-shape in the parallel direction of the refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9. The covering cover 18 covers the open portion of the U-shape of the covering cover 17. The ends of the covering covers 17 and 18 overlap to form a thermal insulation layer.

[0059] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figure 8.

[0060] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the piping structure of Figure 8, the heat insulating section 11 is provided on the outer surface of two refrigerant pipes 9, 9 that are piped in parallel. The heat insulating section 11 is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has a plurality of covering sections 12 and a heat insulating member 13.

[0061] The covering portion 12 is an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The insulating portion 11 has an inner covering portion 12A and an outer covering portion 12B as the covering portion 12.

[0062] Each covering portion 12 is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0063] The inner covering portions 12A, 12A are insulating layers that are individually in close contact with the outer surfaces of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and cover the entire circumference of those outer surfaces.

[0064] The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to a part of the outer circumferential surface of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A and covers the periphery of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A as a single unit. The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to approximately half of the outer circumferential surface of the inner insulation layers 12A, 12A, in the direction that separates them from each other in the left-right direction, and is a cylindrical insulation layer that has an elongated elliptical shape in cross-section in the left-right direction.

[0065] The left and right sides of the heat insulating member 13 are in contact with the outer surfaces of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A, and the heat insulating member 13 is sandwiched between the inner covering portions 12A, 12A.

[0066] With the piping structure for the cooling system inside a ship configured as described above, condensation on the refrigerant pipe 9 is efficiently prevented by the insulating section 11, which is attached to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has multiple insulating layers 12. Furthermore, if a problem occurs with the refrigerant pipe 9, the insulating section 11 attached to the refrigerant pipe 9 can be removed, thus providing high maintainability.

[0067] Next, a series of steps for a piping method for a cooling system 2 inside a ship 1, to which the present invention is applied, will be described based on Figure 9.

[0068] Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a piping method to which the present invention is applied. The piping method shown in Figure 9 comprises a piping step S1 and an insulation step S2.

[0069] The refrigerant pipes 9 are connected to a cooling device 2, which is a refrigerator or freezer installed inside the ship 1, and are also routed through the ship 1 (piping process S1). After all the refrigerant pipes 9 have been routed, the process proceeds to the next insulation process S2.

[0070] In the piping process S1, an insulating section 11 is provided on the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe 9 (insulation process S2). The insulating section 11 provided in the insulation process S2 is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has a plurality of covering sections 12.

[0071] Furthermore, the heat insulating portion 11 has a covering portion 12 that constitutes a single covering portion 12 and covers at least a part of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9, or covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes 9 together. In the heat insulating process S2, an inner covering portion 12A that is in close contact with and covers the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 is provided on the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 to form a heat insulating layer. Subsequently, an outer covering portion 12B that is in close contact with and covers the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A is provided on the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A to form a heat insulating layer.

[0072] The insulation process S2 includes a winding process in which insulation material is wrapped around the outer surface of the non-bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9, and an application process in which insulation tape is attached to the outer surface of the bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9 along the bent portion. As a result, the insulation portion 11 is provided in the bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0073] When the insulation process S2 is completed, the series of processes is terminated.

[0074] Furthermore, if the heat insulating section 11 has a heat insulating member 13, the heat insulating step S2 includes an insertion step of inserting the heat insulating member 13 between a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The heat insulating member 13 may be a plate-shaped member, but if the spacing between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is small, a heat insulating material molded to be thinner than a plate-shaped member is used.

[0075] Furthermore, the insulation process S2 is not limited to cases where the insulation portion 11 is attached to, wrapped around, or inserted into the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0076] For example, the covering portions 12, 17, and 18 may be cylindrical members, mostly composed of an elastically deformable heat insulating material such as urethane foam, and may be composed of a cover body that is separable in the circumferential direction and has a C-shape when cut along the axial and radial directions of the covering portions 12, 17, and 18 in cross-sectional view. A cover sheet that covers the entire circumferential direction may be provided on the outer surface of the cover body.

[0077] The cover body may be housed on the inner circumferential surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 by separating its separation surfaces, allowing the refrigerant pipe 9 to be accommodated through the resulting gap, and then reconnecting the separation surfaces of the cover body integrally with an adhesive or the like. The cover body may be attached to the outer circumferential surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 in a configuration where multiple cover bodies are arranged in the axial direction of the refrigerant pipe 9, and adjacent cover bodies in the axial direction may be integrally connected with an adhesive or the like.

[0078] Since the cover body is elastically deformable, it can be applied to refrigerant pipes 9 composed of T-shaped pipes, and can cover the outer surface without gaps even with a shape like a T-shaped pipe. Furthermore, it is possible to attach another cover body to the outer surface of the cover body. Moreover, in the configuration shown in Figure 6, it is not essential that the separation surfaces of the cover body are simultaneously connected and fixed integrally by adhesive or the like.

[0079] Alternatively, a pair of half-shaped cover bodies, each having a C-shape in cross-section, may be connected and fixed to each other with their inner circumferential surfaces facing each other, thereby forming a circular annular thermal insulation layer 12, 17, 18 in cross-section.

[0080] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11A is a cross-sectional view of a single-layer coating portion 136, and Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view of a double-layer coating portion 136.

[0081] Inside the ship 1, a cooling device 102 is installed, and a refrigerant is supplied to the cooling device 102, circulating and flowing through a refrigeration cycle 103.

[0082] The cooling system 102 comprises a compressor 104, a condenser 106, an expansion valve 107, and a cooling unit 108. The refrigerant circulates and flows in this order through piping connecting each component. The cooling system 102 has multiple cooling units 108. The direction in which the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 104 is referred to as upstream, and the direction in which the refrigerant flows into the compressor 104 is referred to as downstream.

[0083] The compressor 104 uses the same method as the compressor 4. The condenser 106 uses the same method as the condenser 6. The expansion valve 107 uses the same method as the expansion valve 7.

[0084] Cooling unit 108 is composed of an evaporator or heat exchanger, etc., similar to cooling unit 8. Cooling unit 108 includes cooling unit 108a, cooling unit 108b, cooling unit 108c, and cooling unit 108d. Cooling unit 108a is, for example, a fish hold, a facility for storing marine products caught on ship 1, and the temperature inside the fish hold is between -30 degrees and 0 degrees. Cooling unit 108b is, for example, a tank for chilled water, and the temperature inside the tank is between 0 degrees and 5 degrees. Cooling unit 108c is, for example, a tank for seawater, and the temperature inside the tank is between 0 degrees and 5 degrees. Cooling unit 108d is, for example, a freezing chamber, and the temperature inside the freezing chamber is between -20 degrees and -40 degrees.

[0085] The compressor 104 and the condenser 106 are connected by a first refrigerant pipe 120, and the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant pipe 120.

[0086] The condenser 106 and the expansion valve 107 are connected via the first branch section 132 to the second refrigerant pipe 122 and the third refrigerant pipe 124. Specifically, the condenser 106 and the first branch section 132 are connected to the second refrigerant pipe 122, and the refrigerant flows through the second refrigerant pipe 122. The first branch section 132 and the expansion valve 107 are connected to the third refrigerant pipe 124, and the refrigerant flows through the third refrigerant pipe 124.

[0087] The expansion valve 107 and the cooling unit 108 are connected by a fourth refrigerant pipe 126, and the refrigerant flows through the fourth refrigerant pipe 126.

[0088] The cooling unit 108 and the compressor 104 are connected via the second branch section 134, through the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130. Specifically, the cooling unit 108 and the second branch section 134 are connected by the fifth refrigerant pipe 128, and the refrigerant flows through the fifth refrigerant pipe 128. The second branch section 134 and the compressor 104 are connected by the sixth refrigerant pipe 130, and the refrigerant flows through the sixth refrigerant pipe 130.

[0089] Furthermore, the expansion valve 107 has expansion valves 107a, 107b, 107c, and 107d. The third refrigerant pipe 124 has third refrigerant pipes 124a, 124b, 124c, and 124d. The fourth refrigerant pipe 126 has fourth refrigerant pipes 126a, 126b, 126c, and 126d. The fifth refrigerant pipe 128 has fifth refrigerant pipes 128a, 128b, 128c, and 128d. The second branch section 134 has second branch section 134a, 134b, and 134c. The sixth refrigerant pipe 130 has sixth refrigerant pipes 130a, 130b, and 130c.

[0090] At the first branching point 132, the third refrigerant pipe 124 branches off. Specifically, the first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107a are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107b are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124b. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107c are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124c. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107d are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124d. In addition, the expansion valve 107a and the cooling unit 108a are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a. The expansion valve 107b and the cooling unit 108b are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b. The expansion valve 107c and the cooling unit 108c are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126c. The expansion valve 107d and the cooling unit 108d are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126d.

[0091] Cooling unit 108a and compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a, the second branch 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. Cooling unit 108b and compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b, the second branch 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. Cooling unit 108c and compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128c, the second branch 134c, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130c, the second branch 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. The cooling unit 108d and the compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128d, the second branch 134c, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130c, the second branch 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a.

[0092] The first refrigerant pipe 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 are made of steel and are the same as refrigerant pipe 9. The inner diameter of the first refrigerant pipe 120 is 20mm to 65mm, the inner diameter of the second refrigerant pipe 122 is 30mm to 50mm, the inner diameter of the third refrigerant pipe 124 is 20mm to 40mm, the inner diameter of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is 10mm to 40mm, the inner diameter of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is 20mm to 65mm, and the inner diameter of the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is 65mm to 100mm.

[0093] Coverings 136 are provided on the outer surfaces of each of the first to sixth refrigerant pipes 120 to 130. The coverings 136 are made of the same material as the coverings 12. Furthermore, tubular insulating material is mainly used for the coverings 136.

[0094] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the first refrigerant pipe 120, the second refrigerant pipe 122, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is a single layer of heat insulating material. In this case, the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0095] A covering portion 136 is provided on a part of the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124. The covering portion 136 is a single-layer insulation layer, and in this case, the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm. Here, the third refrigerant pipes 124a and 124d connected to the first branching portion 132 are connected to a liquid cooling section (not shown). The liquid cooling section and the expansion valve 107a are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The liquid cooling section and the expansion valve 107d are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124d. The covering portion 136 is not provided on the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124a between the first branching portion 132 and the liquid cooling section, nor on the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124 between the first branching portion 132 and the liquid cooling section. On the other hand, a covering portion 136 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124a between the expansion valve 107a and the liquid cooling section, and the third refrigerant pipe 124d between the expansion valve 107d and the liquid cooling section. In addition, the third refrigerant pipe 124b, which is connected to the first branch section 132, is connected to the expansion valve 107b, and the third refrigerant pipe 124c is connected to the expansion valve 107c. The covering portion 136 is not provided on the outer circumferential surface of the third refrigerant pipes 124b and 124c.

[0096] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is a one- or two-layer (inner covering portion 138, outer covering portion 140) insulating layer. Here, if the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are one- or two-layer insulating layers. Furthermore, the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is less than or equal to the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126. Moreover, the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 does not have to have the same number of insulating layers along its entire length. That is, part of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 may have one layer of insulating layer, and other parts may have two layers of insulating layer. Furthermore, the aforementioned gap refers to the space between the outer circumference of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the outer circumference of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 when neither of the outer circumferences of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 nor the adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is covered with a covering portion 136, and there is nothing between them. The same meaning applies to the outer circumference of one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the outer circumference of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128, which will be described later.

[0097] For example, in adjacent fourth refrigerant pipes 126a and 126b, if the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and 126b is 15mm to 70mm, then the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b are one or two layers of insulation, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b is less than or equal to the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and 126b.

[0098] Furthermore, if the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are a single layer of insulation. Also, the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0099] For example, if the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b are a single layer of insulation, and the thickness of each covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0100] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is a one- or two-layer (inner covering portion 138, outer covering portion 140) insulating layer. Here, if the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and another adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are one- or two-layer insulating layers. Furthermore, the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is less than or equal to the gap between the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128. Moreover, the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 does not have to have the same number of insulating layers along its entire length. That is, part of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 may have one layer of insulating layer, and other parts may have two layers of insulating layer.

[0101] For example, in adjacent fifth refrigerant pipes 128a and 128b, if the gap between fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128b are one or two layers of insulation, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is less than or equal to the gap between fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and fourth refrigerant pipe 126b.

[0102] Furthermore, if the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are a single layer of insulation. Also, the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0103] For example, if the gap between the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b are a single layer of insulation, and the thickness of each covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0104] As described above, the covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is a single-layer insulation layer, and the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0105] Next, the refrigeration cycle 103 of the cooling device 102 will be explained. As an example, the case where cooling is performed by the cooling unit 108a will be explained. The compressor 104 compresses the gaseous refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, and discharges the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 106 via the first refrigerant pipe 120. The condenser 106 condenses and liquefies the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant, and discharges the medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant to the expansion valve 107a via the second refrigerant pipe 122, the first branch 132, and the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The expansion valve 107a reduces the pressure of the medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant, and discharges the low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant to the cooling unit 108a via the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The cooling unit 108a cools the seafood inside with a liquid refrigerant that is low temperature and low pressure, and the gaseous refrigerant, which is also low temperature and low pressure, flows back to the compressor 104 via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the second branch section 134a.

[0106] According to the piping structure of the cooling device 102, by adjusting the thickness of the covering portion 136 considering the diameters of the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130 and the gaps between adjacent first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130, it is possible to easily attach the covering portion 136 to the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130 and efficiently prevent condensation on the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130.

[0107] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various configurations can be adopted without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0108] The cooling unit 108 according to this embodiment had four cooling units, 108a to 108d, but is not limited to these combinations. For example, it may be a combination of a fish hold, a tank of chilled water, and a tank of seawater.

[0109] Furthermore, in the cooling device 102, the covering portion 136 of the first refrigerant pipe 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 was one or two layers, but it is not limited to these as long as ease of installation and efficient prevention of condensation can be achieved. For example, the covering portion may cover the refrigerant pipes in the manner shown in Figures 3 to 8. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0110] 1 ship 2 Cooling device 9 Refrigerant pipes 11. Insulation section 12. Covering (insulation layer) 12A Inner covering (inner insulation layer, insulation layer) 12B Outer covering (outer insulation layer, insulation layer) 12C Intermediate coating (intermediate insulation layer, insulation layer) 13. Insulation material 16 Covering Unit 17. First covering (covering, insulation layer) 18. Second covering (covering, insulation layer) 102 Cooling device 103 Refrigeration Cycle 104 Compressor 106 Condenser 107 Expansion valve 108 Cooling Unit 120 First refrigerant pipe 122 Second refrigerant pipe 124 Third refrigerant pipe 126 Fourth refrigerant pipe 128 Fifth Refrigerant Pipe 130 6th refrigerant pipe 132 First Branch 134 Second Branch 136 Covering part 138 Inner covering 140 Outer covering part

Claims

1. A piping structure in a ship in which refrigerant circulates in the following order: compressor, condenser, first branch, expansion valve, cooling unit, second branch, and the compressor, A first refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the condenser, A second refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the condenser to the first branch section, A third refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the first branch to the expansion valve, A fourth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve to the cooling unit, A fifth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the cooling unit to the second branch section, A sixth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the second branch to the compressor, Equipped with, The inner diameter of the first refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm. The inner diameter of the second refrigerant pipe is 30 mm to 50 mm. The inner diameter of the third refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 40 mm. The inner diameter of the fourth refrigerant pipe is 10 mm to 40 mm. The inner diameter of the fifth refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm. The inner diameter of the sixth refrigerant pipe is 65 mm to 100 mm. Coverings are provided on the outer surfaces of the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe, and the fourth to sixth refrigerant pipes. The covering portion of the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe, and the sixth refrigerant pipe is a single layer, and the thickness of the covering portion is 20 mm to 35 mm. A portion of the third refrigerant pipe is provided with a covering, and the thickness of the covering is 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, The covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipes are one or two layers thick, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipes is less than or equal to the gap between one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fourth refrigerant pipes. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, The covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, The covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes are one or two layers thick, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes is less than or equal to the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the other fifth refrigerant pipe. If the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, The piping structure is such that the covering portion of one fifth refrigerant pipe and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of one fifth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm.

2. The piping structure according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion is a closed-cell nitrile-based synthetic rubber having an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. ３ ) ~ 55 (kg / m ３ ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·K) to 0.038 (W / m·K), and the moisture vapor permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m ２ ・s・Pa)~0.19ng / (m ２ A piping structure that is sPa.

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