Fire-resistant construction methods

Abstract

To improve workability when a fireproof structure is constructed.SOLUTION: A fireproof structure has a building structure 10, a burning marginal material 5 forming a burning marginal layer, and a spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the burning marginal material 5. A construction method of the fireproof structure comprises: a fitting step to fit the spacer 6 to the burning marginal material 5 (a first burning marginal material 51); and a transport step to transport the burning marginal material 5 from a plant to a construction site after the fitting step. Alternatively, a construction method of the fireproof structure having the building structure 10, the burning marginal material 5 forming the burning marginal layer, and the spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the burning marginal material 5 comprises: the fitting step to fit the spacer 6 to the building structure 10; and the transport step to transport the building structure 10 from the plant to the construction site after the fitting step.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for constructing a fire-resistant structure of a building.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a wooden building member is known which includes a load-bearing portion made of wood, a char layer (wood serving as the char layer) covering the load-bearing portion, a fire-stopping layer (gypsum board) provided between the load-bearing portion and the char layer, a heat-expandable material provided between the fire-stopping layer and the char layer, and a plurality of spacers disposed in a portion where the heat-expandable material is provided (see Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In Patent Document 1, at the construction site, it is necessary to position and fix a plurality of members such as a fire-stopping layer (gypsum board), a heat-expandable material, spacers, and a char layer (wood serving as the char layer) with respect to the load-bearing portion respectively, so the construction of the fire-resistant structure (wooden building member) is complicated.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the problem thereof is to improve the workability when constructing a fire-resistant structure.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The invention according to claim 1 is, for example, FIGS. 1 to 11 Figures 14-17 as shown, a construction method for constructing a fire-resistant structure of a building, comprising: wherein the fire-resistant structure includes: a building structure 10, A combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, The system comprises spacers 6 and 16 provided between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5. The aforementioned spacer 16 is A base portion 16a that is elongated in a predetermined direction, The base portion 16a is integrally provided with a plurality of thickness adjustment portions 16b arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction, The mounting step involves attaching the spacers 6 and 16 to the burnable material 5, Following the installation step, there is a transport step of transporting the burnable material 5 from the factory to the construction site, It is characterized by having the following features.

[0007] According to the invention described in claim 1, spacers 6 and 16 can be attached to the combustible material 5 at the factory, the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached can be transported from the factory to the construction site, and a fire-resistant structure can be constructed at the construction site using the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached. Therefore, since it is not necessary to position and fix the spacers 6 and 16 at the construction site, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, and the constructability when constructing a fire-resistant structure can be improved. Furthermore, the gaps between adjacent thickness adjustment sections 16b form a ventilation layer, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry. Furthermore, compared to the case where multiple spacers 6 are fixed at intervals in a predetermined direction to make it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry, the number of parts can be reduced and the installation of spacers becomes easier.

[0008] The invention described in claim 2 is, for example, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, in the construction method described in claim 1, The building structure 10 is provided with engaging parts (non-combustible material 7) that engage with the spacers 6 and 16. The present invention is characterized by having an assembly step in which, after the transport step, the burnable material 5 is attached to the building structure 10 so that the engaging portion and the spacers 6 and 16 engage.

[0009] According to the invention described in claim 2, the charring material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging the spacers 6 and 16 attached to the charring material 5 with the engaging parts (non-combustible material 7) provided on the building structure 10. Therefore, on-site work (positioning and fixing the charring material 5 relative to the building structure 10) can be easily performed, thereby improving the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure.

[0010] The invention described in claim 3 is, for example, as shown in Figure 11, in the construction method described in claim 1, The building structure 10 comprises wooden structural materials (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building, and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame. The mounting step is characterized by attaching the spacers 6 and 16 and the fire-resistant covering material 4 to the burn-through material 5.

[0011] According to the invention described in claim 3, spacers 6, 16 and fire-resistant covering material 4 can be attached to the combustible material 5 at the factory, the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6, 16 and fire-resistant covering material 4 attached can be transported from the factory to the construction site, and a fire-resistant structure can be constructed at the construction site using the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6, 16 and fire-resistant covering material 4 attached. Therefore, since it is not necessary to position and fix the spacers 6, 16 and fire-resistant covering material 4 at the construction site, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, and the constructability when constructing a fire-resistant structure can be improved.

[0012] The invention described in claim 4 is a construction method for constructing a fire-resistant structure for a building, as shown in Figures 12 to 17, The aforementioned fire-resistant structure is Building structure 10 and A combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, The system comprises spacers 6 and 16 provided between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5. The aforementioned spacer 16 is A base portion 16a that is elongated in a predetermined direction, The base portion 16a is integrally provided with a plurality of thickness adjustment portions 16b arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction, An attachment step of attaching the spacers 6 and 16 to the building structure 10, After the attachment step, a transportation step of transporting the building structure 10 from the factory to the construction site, which is characterized by comprising.

[0013] According to the invention described in claim 4, spacers 6 and 16 are attached to the building structure 10 at the factory, and the building structure 10 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached is transported from the factory to the construction site, and then, using the building structure 10 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached at the construction site, a fire-resistant structure can be constructed. Therefore, since there is no need to position and fix the spacers 6 and 16 at the construction site, the working processes at the construction site can be reduced, and the workability when constructing the fire-resistant structure can be improved. Furthermore, the gaps between adjacent thickness adjustment sections 16b form a ventilation layer, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry. Furthermore, compared to the case where multiple spacers 6 are fixed at intervals in a predetermined direction to make it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry, the number of parts can be reduced and the installation of spacers becomes easier.

[0014] The invention described in claim 5 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, in the construction method described in claim 4, The fire-retardant material 5 is provided with an engaging portion 5b that engages with the spacers 6 and 16, After the transportation step, it is characterized by having an assembly step of attaching the fire-retardant material 5 to the building structure 10 such that the engaging portion 5b and the spacers 6 and 16 engage with each other.

[0015] According to the invention described in claim 5, the fire-retardant material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging the engaging portion 5b provided on the fire-retardant material 5 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached to the building structure 10. Therefore, the work at the construction site (the work of positioning and fixing the fire-retardant material 5 with respect to the building structure 10) can be easily performed, and the workability when constructing the fire-resistant structure can be improved.

[0018] Claim 6The invention described above, as shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8(b), is a construction method according to claim 1 or 4, The building structure 10 comprises wooden structural materials (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building, and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame. The fire-resistant coating material 4 includes a first fire-resistant coating material 41 and a second fire-resistant coating material 42 that is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and is in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant coating material 41. The spacers 6,16 are characterized in that they include a non-combustible spacer 67 provided opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42.

[0019] Claim 6 According to the invention described above, when a fire-resistant structure is constructed by assembling the burnable material 5 and the building structure 10, the non-combustible spacer 67 is provided at a position that closes the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a non-combustible material 7 to close the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42, thus reducing the number of parts.

[0020] Claim 7 The invention described above, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, for example, in the construction method described in claim 1 or 4, The building structure 10 comprises wooden structural materials (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building, and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame. The fire-resistant coating material 4 includes a first fire-resistant coating material 41 and a second fire-resistant coating material 42 that is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and is in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant coating material 41. The present invention is characterized by having an application step in which a non-combustible tape 71 is applied to a position opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant covering material 41 and the second fire-resistant covering material 42 of the structural frame.

[0021] Claim 7According to the invention described herein, when the structural frame and the fire-resistant coating material 4 are assembled to form the building structure 10, the non-combustible tape 71 is provided at a position that seals the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a non-combustible material 7 to seal the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42. Furthermore, if the application step is performed in the factory, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, thereby improving the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0023] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 2] A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall is provided. [Figure 3] This is a disassembled cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall before the decorative material is installed. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall after decorative materials have been installed. [Figure 6] First variant: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 7] First modified example: This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 8] First Modification: (a) is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which no adjustment material is provided, and (b) is a diagram showing a modified example of a non-combustible spacer. [Figure 9] Second variation: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 10] Second modified example: A cross-sectional view showing another example of a wall. [Figure 11] Third modified example: This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 12] Fourth modified example: This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 13] Fourth variation: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 14] Fifth Modification: (a) is a diagram illustrating the spacer in the embodiment, and (b) is a diagram illustrating the spacer in the fifth modification. [Figure 15] Modifications 5 and 6: Deconstructed cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 16] Modifications 5 and 6: Deconstructed cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 17] Fifth and sixth variations: Cross-sectional views showing an example of a wall. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferred limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments (and modifications) or illustrated examples. Note that the directions (front-back direction, left-right direction, up-down direction) in the following embodiments (and modifications) and illustrated examples are set solely for the convenience of explanation.

[0025] <Regarding fire-resistant construction> In Figures 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates a wall of the building. The building is constructed using a panel construction method in which building components such as walls, floors, and roofs are pre-fabricated in a factory and assembled at the construction site. However, it is not limited to this method, and the building may also be constructed using conventional methods such as post-and-beam construction, wall-type construction, or two-by-four construction. Furthermore, a panel is a building panel in which vertical and horizontal frame members A are assembled in a rectangular shape to form a rectangular frame, and auxiliary cross members B are assembled vertically and horizontally inside this rectangular frame to form a frame body, and face material C is attached to both sides or one side of this frame body, resulting in a hollow structure. Insulation material such as glass wool or rock wool is usually installed in the hollow part inside (the back side of face material C).

[0026] In other words, in this embodiment, the building frame is composed of building panels such as building wall panels 2, building floor panels, and building roof panels, as well as columns, beams, and adjustment members 3. The structural materials that make up the frame (building panels, columns (column materials), beams (beam materials), adjustment members 3, etc.) are covered with fire-resistant covering material 4 to form the walls, floors, and ceilings of the building. The fire-resistant coating material 4 in this embodiment is reinforced gypsum board, but is not limited to this, and may be other types of fire-resistant coating materials. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the building structure is covered with a single fire-resistant covering material 4, but it is not limited to this, and may be covered with multiple layers of fire-resistant covering material 4.

[0027] The wall 1 of this embodiment is constructed of a building structure 10 having wooden structural materials (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame, wooden combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, and spacers 6 and non-combustible material 7 provided between the building structure 10 and the combustible material 5. The thickness dimension of the burnable material 5 (burnable layer) is set to the dimension determined using a known burnable design.

[0028] The building structure 10 of this embodiment includes, as structural materials, a building wall panel 2 and an adjustment member 3 fixed to the front end surface of the building wall panel 2 (a frame member A that constitutes the front end of the building wall panel 2). Furthermore, the building structure 10 of this embodiment includes, as fire-resistant covering material 4, a first fire-resistant covering material 41 that forms the surface (left side and right side) of the building structure 10, and a second fire-resistant covering material 42 that forms the side end surface (front end surface) of the building structure 10.

[0029] The spacer 6 is a rectangular plate-shaped member, and multiple spacers 6 are provided between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5. These multiple spacers 6 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction (front-to-back direction) and at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (up and down direction).

[0030] The spacing between adjacent spacers 6 in the horizontal direction and the spacing between adjacent spacers 6 in the vertical direction may be the same or different. Furthermore, the spacing dimensions between the spacers 6 in the horizontal direction may or may not be uniform. Similarly, the spacing dimensions between the spacers 6 in the vertical direction may or may not be uniform. The spacer 6 in this embodiment is made of wood, but is not limited to wood; for example, it may be made of metal. Furthermore, the spacer 6 may be a laminate formed by stacking multiple plate-shaped members.

[0031] The non-combustible material 7 is a rectangular plate-shaped member, and multiple non-combustible materials 7 are provided between the building structure 10 and the burn-through material 5. These multiple non-combustible materials 7 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (up and down direction). Furthermore, the spacing between the non-combustible materials 7 in the vertical direction may or may not be uniform. The non-combustible material 7 in this embodiment is reinforced gypsum board, but is not limited to this, and may be other types of non-combustible materials. Furthermore, the non-combustible material 7 may be a laminate formed by stacking multiple plate-shaped members.

[0032] The non-combustible material 7 is positioned in front of the furthest forward spacer 6 (hereinafter referred to as the "foremost spacer") among the multiple spacers 6 arranged in the front-to-back direction. In other words, the non-combustible material 7 is positioned in front of the multiple foremost spacers arranged in the up-to-down direction. Specifically, the foremost spacer is fixed to the building structure 10 in contact with the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41 at a position corresponding to the frame material A adjacent to the adjustment material 3. The non-combustible material 7 is fixed to the building structure 10 from the position corresponding to the adjustment material 3 to the front end of the building structure 10 in contact with both the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the end face of the second fire-resistant coating material 42, which is substantially flush with the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41.

[0033] In other words, the non-combustible material 7 is positioned to close the boundary between mutually orthogonal fire-resistant coating materials 4 from the surface side of the fire-resistant coating materials 4. The boundary (boundary) between mutually orthogonal fire-resistant coating materials 4 is formed continuously from the outside to the inside (structural frame) of the building structure 10, and can therefore become a heat transfer path connecting the outside and the inside in the event of a fire. Thus, as in this embodiment, by providing the non-combustible material 7 in a position that closes the entrance to the heat transfer path, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat to the inside (structural frame) of the building structure 10.

[0034] In this embodiment, the length dimension (length in the front-to-back direction) of the non-combustible material 7 is set to a dimension such that the rear end surface of the non-combustible material 7 is in contact with the front end surface of the foremost spacer. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the non-combustible material 7 is set to be shorter than the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the spacer 6. Therefore, a gap is provided between the non-combustible material 7 and the first combustible material 51, making it easier to keep the non-combustible material 7 and the first combustible material 51 dry. Furthermore, it is not necessary to leave a gap between the non-combustible material 7 and the first combustible material 51. In other words, the thickness dimension of the non-combustible material 7 may be set to be the same as the thickness dimension of the spacer 6.

[0035] The burnable material 5 consists of at least two types: a first burnable material 51 and a second burnable material 52. The first burn-through material 51 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that covers the surface (left and right sides) of the building structure 10 and is fixed to the building structure 10 via spacers 6. The second burn-off material 52 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that covers the side end surface (front end surface) of the building structure 10 and is fixed to the building structure 10 without the use of spacers 6. Alternatively, the second burn-off material 52 may be fixed to the building structure 10 via spacers 6. In other words, the first combustible material 51 and the second combustible material 52 are arranged in directions perpendicular to each other.

[0036] Multiple countersunk holes 5a are provided on the surface of the flammable material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10). That is, fasteners 50 (screws, etc.) for fixing the flammable material 5 (first flammable material 51, second flammable material 52) to the building structure 10 are driven in from the countersunk holes 5a of the flammable material 5 toward the building structure 10. The fasteners 50 are preferably driven into the structural members of the building structure 10 (frame structural members, fire-resistant covering material 4), and more preferably into the core members that make up the structural members. Core members include frame members A and auxiliary members B of building panels, columns (column members), beams (beam members), adjustment members 3, etc. By fixing the flammable material 5 to the core members, the flammable material 5 can be firmly fixed and that firm fixed state can be maintained.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, the fixing member 50 for fixing the first fire-resistant material 51 to the building structure 10 extends from the counterbore portion 5a of the first fire-resistant material 51, through the spacer 6, the first fire-resistant covering material 41, and the face material C of the building wall panel 2, to the core material (frame material A, auxiliary batten material B) of the building wall panel 2. In other words, in this embodiment, the spacer 6 is provided at a position corresponding to the core material of the building wall panel 2. Furthermore, the fixing material 50 for fixing the second fire-resistant material 52 to the building structure 10 extends from the counterbore portion 5a of the second fire-resistant material 52, through the second fire-resistant coating material 42, and reaches the adjustment material 3.

[0038] <Regarding the construction methods for fire-resistant structures> Next, an example of the construction method for wall 1 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 3 to 5. First, at the factory, the spacer 6 is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the first burn-off material 51 (the side on which the counterbore portion 5a is not provided) (attachment step). The means for fixing the spacer 6 to the first burn-off material 51 may be a fixing material (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of both.

[0039] Next, the first combustible material 51 with the spacer 6 attached is transported from the factory to the construction site (transportation step). In addition, the second combustible material 52, structural materials for walls (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.), fire-resistant coating material 4, non-combustible material 7, etc. will also be transported to the construction site.

[0040] Next, at the construction site, structural materials for the walls (architectural wall panels 2, columns, adjustment members 3, etc.) are erected on the upper surface of the substructure (not shown). Next, the structural materials for the walls are covered with fire-resistant coating material 4 to form the building structure 10. Next, the non-combustible material 7 is attached to a predetermined position on the surface of the building structure 10. The means for fixing the non-combustible material 7 to the building structure 10 may be a fastener (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of both.

[0041] Next, the building structure 10 with the non-combustible material 7 attached, the first combustible material 51 with the spacer 6 attached, and the second combustible material 52 are assembled (assembly step). Specifically, the spacer 6 attached to the first fire-resistant material 51 is brought into contact with the surface of the building structure 10 (first fire-resistant coating material 41), and the foremost spacer attached to the first fire-resistant material 51 is engaged with the non-combustible material 7 (engaging part) attached to the building structure 10. With this engaged, the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counterbore 5a of the first fire-resistant material 51 toward the core material (frame material A, auxiliary cross material B) of the building structure 10. This allows the first fire-resistant material 51 to be fixed to the building structure 10. Furthermore, with the back surface of the second fire-resistant material 52 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) in contact with the side end surface of the building structure 10 (second fire-resistant covering material 42), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the second fire-resistant material 52 toward the core material (adjustment material 3) of the building structure 10. This allows the second fire-resistant material 52 to be fixed to the building structure 10.

[0042] Finally, the opening of the recessed section 5a is covered with the cover member 8, and the surface of the burnt material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with a decorative material 9 (wall covering, etc.). Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is fixed to the decorative material 9 in advance (for example, fixed at the factory). That is, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is attached to the counterbore 5a while fixed to the decorative material 9. This makes it possible to position the decorative material 9 simply by attaching (fitting) the lid member 8 to the counterbore 5a, thus making it easier to cover the burnt material 5 with the decorative material 9.

[0043] 《First variation》 For example, as shown in Figure 6, a non-combustible spacer 67 that serves as both a spacer 6 and a non-combustible material 7 may be used as the foremost spacer (the spacer 6 located furthest forward among multiple spacers 6 arranged in the front-to-back direction).

[0044] In the above embodiment, the foremost spacer is provided in contact with the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41 at a position corresponding to the frame material A adjacent to the adjustment material 3. In addition, in the above embodiment, the non-combustible material 7 is provided in contact with both the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the end face of the second fire-resistant coating material 42, which is substantially flush with the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41, extending from the position corresponding to the adjustment material 3 to the front end of the building structure 10. In contrast, the non-combustible spacer 67 in this modified example is provided in a state where it is in contact with both the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the end face of the second fire-resistant coating material 42, which is substantially flush with the surface of the first fire-resistant coating material 41, extending from a position corresponding to the frame material A adjacent to the adjustment material 3 to the front end of the building structure 10.

[0045] The non-combustible spacers 67 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (up and down direction), similar to the foremost spacers and non-combustible material 7 in the embodiment. The thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the non-combustible spacers 67 is set to be the same as the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the spacers 6. The spacing between the non-combustible spacers 67 in the vertical direction may or may not be uniform. The non-combustible spacer 67 in this modified example is made of reinforced gypsum board, but is not limited to this, and may be made of other types of non-combustible materials. Furthermore, the non-combustible spacer 67 may be a laminate formed by stacking multiple plate-shaped members.

[0046] <Regarding the construction methods for fire-resistant structures> Next, with reference to Figure 7, an example of the construction method for wall 1 in the first modified example will be described. First, at the factory, the spacer 6 and the non-combustible spacer 67 are attached to predetermined positions on the back surface of the first combustible material 51 (the side on which the counterbore portion 5a is not provided) (attachment step). The means for fixing the spacer 6 to the first combustible material 51 may be a fixing material (screws, etc.), an adhesive, or a combination of these. Similarly, the means for fixing the non-combustible spacer 67 to the first combustible material 51 may be a fixing material (screws, etc.), an adhesive, or a combination of these.

[0047] Next, the first combustible material 51, with the spacers 6 and non-combustible spacers 67 attached, is transported from the factory to the construction site (transportation step). In addition, the second fire-resistant material 52, structural materials for walls (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.), fire-resistant coating material 4, etc. will also be transported to the construction site.

[0048] Next, at the construction site, structural materials for the walls (architectural wall panels 2, columns, adjustment members 3, etc.) are erected on the upper surface of the substructure (not shown). Next, the structural materials for the walls are covered with fire-resistant coating material 4 to form the building structure 10.

[0049] Next, the building structure 10, the first combustible material 51 with the spacer 6 and non-combustible spacer 67 attached, and the second combustible material 52 are assembled (assembly step). Specifically, with the spacers 6 and non-combustible spacers 67 attached to the first fire-resistant material 51 in contact with the surface of the building structure 10 (first fire-resistant coating material 41), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counterbore 5a of the first fire-resistant material 51 toward the core material (frame material A, auxiliary cross material B) of the building structure 10. This allows the first fire-resistant material 51 to be fixed to the building structure 10. Furthermore, with the back surface of the second fire-resistant material 52 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) in contact with the side end surface of the building structure 10 (second fire-resistant covering material 42), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the second fire-resistant material 52 toward the core material (adjustment material 3) of the building structure 10. This allows the second fire-resistant material 52 to be fixed to the building structure 10.

[0050] Finally, the opening of the recessed portion 5a is covered with the lid member 8, and the surface of the burnt material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with a decorative material 9 (wall covering, etc.). Similar to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is fixed to the decorative material 9 in advance (for example, fixed at the factory).

[0051] In the above embodiment, since the non-combustible material 7 is positioned in front of the foremost spacer, the position of the foremost spacer is shifted backward by the width dimension (length in the front-to-back direction) of the non-combustible material 7. Also, the width dimension (length in the front-to-back direction) of the non-combustible material 7 is longer than the sum of the thickness dimension (length in the front-to-back direction) of the frame material A that constitutes the front end of the building wall panel 2 and the thickness dimension (length in the front-to-back direction) of the second fire-resistant coating material 42. Therefore, if the adjustment material 3 is not provided, for example as shown in Figure 8(a), the point into which the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer is driven will not be the core material. For this reason, in the above embodiment, an adjustment material 3 having a thickness dimension approximately the same as the difference between the width dimension of the non-combustible material 7 and the thickness dimension of the second fire-resistant coating material 42 is provided so that the point into which the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer is driven will be the core material. On the other hand, in this modified example, the non-combustible material 7 is not provided. Therefore, as shown in Figure 8(b), for example, even without providing the adjustment material 3, it is possible to use the core material as the point into which the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer (non-combustible spacer 67) is driven. Thus, the configuration of this modified example (configuration using the non-combustible spacer 67) is suitable, for example, in locations where it is difficult to provide the adjustment material 3 in terms of design.

[0052] 《Second variation》 For example, as shown in Figure 9, a non-combustible tape 71 may be used instead of the non-combustible material 7. In the example shown in Figure 9, the non-combustible tape 71 is attached to each of the two front corners of the four corners of the adjustment material 3 in a plan view, along the height direction (up and down direction) of the adjustment material 3. In other words, the non-combustible tape 71 is positioned to seal the boundaries between mutually orthogonal fire-resistant coating materials 4 from the back side of the fire-resistant coating materials 4.

[0053] As mentioned above, the boundaries between the mutually orthogonal fire-resistant coating materials 4 can become heat transfer paths connecting the exterior and interior (structural elements) of the building structure 10 during a fire. Therefore, as in this modified example, by providing the non-combustible tape 71 at a position that closes the outlet of the heat transfer path, the heat from the heat transfer path can be dispersed. This makes it possible to prevent the heat from the heat transfer path from concentrating at a predetermined location inside the building structure 10 (the outlet of the heat transfer path, or the corner in this modified example).

[0054] In this modified example, the non-combustible tape 71 is aluminum tape, but is not limited to aluminum tape; other types of non-combustible tape may also be used. Furthermore, the application step of attaching non-combustible tape 71 to the position opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42 of the structural frame may be performed at the factory or at the construction site. However, from the viewpoint of reducing the number of work steps at the construction site, it is preferable to perform the application step at the factory.

[0055] Furthermore, as mentioned above, if the non-combustible material 7 is not provided, the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer can be driven into the core material even without providing the adjustment material 3. Therefore, this modified example, like the first modified example, does not provide the non-combustible material 7, so as shown in Figure 10, the adjustment material 3 does not need to be provided. Thus, the configuration of this modified example (configuration using non-combustible tape 71) is suitable, like the configuration of the first modified example, for example, in locations where it is difficult to provide the adjustment material 3 due to design considerations. In the example shown in Figure 10, the non-combustible tape 71 is applied to each of the two front corners of the four corners of the building wall panel 2 in a plan view, along the height direction (up and down direction) of the building wall panel 2.

[0056] 《Third variation》 In addition to the spacer 6, the fire-resistant coating material 4 and the non-combustible material 7 may also be attached to the burn-through material 5 in advance.

[0057] <Regarding the construction methods for fire-resistant structures> Referring to Figure 11, an example of the construction method for wall 1 in the third modified example will be explained. First, at the factory, the spacer 6 is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the first flammable material 51 (the side without the counterbore 5a), and the first fire-resistant covering material 41 is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the first flammable material 51 via the spacer 6 (attachment step). The means for fixing the spacer 6 to the first flammable material 51 may be a fastening material (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of these. Similarly, the means for fixing the first fire-resistant covering material 41 to the spacer 6 may be a fastening material (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of these.

[0058] Furthermore, at the factory, the second fire-resistant coating material 42 is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the second burn-through material 52 (the side on which the counterbore portion 5a is not provided), and the non-combustible material 7 is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the second burn-through material 52. The means for fixing the second fire-resistant coating material 42 to the second burn-through material 52 may be a fastener (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of these. Similarly, the means for fixing the non-combustible material 7 to the second burn-through material 52 may be a fastener (such as a screw), an adhesive, or a combination of these.

[0059] Next, the first combustible material 51, with the spacer 6 and the first fire-resistant coating material 41 attached, and the second combustible material 52, with the non-combustible material 7 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42 attached, are transported from the factory to the construction site (transportation step). In addition, structural materials for walls (architectural wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.) are also transported to the construction site. Next, at the construction site, structural materials for the walls (architectural wall panels 2, columns, adjustment members 3, etc.) are erected on the upper surface of the substructure (not shown).

[0060] Next, the structural frame material, the first combustible material 51 with the spacer 6 and first fire-resistant covering material 41 attached, and the second combustible material 52 with the non-combustible material 7 and second fire-resistant covering material 42 attached are assembled (assembly step). Specifically, with the first fire-resistant covering material 41, which is attached to the first fire-resistant material 51 via a spacer 6, in contact with the surface of the structural material (face material C, adjustment material 3), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counterbore 5a of the first fire-resistant material 51 toward the core material (frame material A, auxiliary cross material B) of the building structure 10. Furthermore, with the second fire-resistant covering material 42 attached to the second fire-blocking material 52 in contact with the side end surface (adjustment material 3) of the structural frame, the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counterbore portion 5a of the second fire-blocking material 52 toward the core material (adjustment material 3) of the building structure 10. This allows for the formation of a building structure 10, and enables the fixing of the first flammable material 51 and the second flammable material 52 to the building structure 10.

[0061] Finally, the opening of the recessed portion 5a is covered with the lid member 8, and the surface of the burnt material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with a decorative material 9 (wall covering, etc.). Similar to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is fixed to the decorative material 9 in advance (for example, fixed at the factory).

[0062] Although the non-combustible material 7 may be pre-attached to the first combustible material 51 side, as in this modified example, pre-attaching the non-combustible material 7 to the second combustible material 52 side makes it easier to position the second combustible material 52 during the assembly step. In other words, by pre-attaching the non-combustible material 7 to the second fire-resistant material 52, when fixing the second fire-resistant material 52 to the structural frame, the second fire-resistant material 52, the second fire-resistant material 42, and the non-combustible material 7 can be positioned simply by inserting the non-combustible material 7 into the gap between the first fire-resistant material 51 and the first fire-resistant covering material 41 fixed to the left side of the structural frame, and the gap between the first fire-resistant material 51 and the first fire-resistant covering material 41 fixed to the right side of the structural frame. This makes it easy to position the second fire-resistant material 52, the second fire-resistant covering material 42, and the non-combustible material 7 relative to the structural frame.

[0063] 《Fourth variation》 Instead of attaching the burn-through material 5, the spacers 6 may be pre-installed on the building structure 10.

[0064] <Regarding the construction methods for fire-resistant structures> Referring to Figures 12 and 13, an example of the construction method for wall 1 in the fourth modified example will be explained. First, in the factory, structural materials for the walls (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.) are covered with fire-resistant coating material 4 to form the building structure 10. Next, the spacer 6 and the non-combustible material 7 are attached to the predetermined positions on the surface of the building structure 10 at the factory (attachment step).

[0065] In this modified example, the spacer 6 is provided with a countersunk portion 6a. That is, the fixing material 60 (screws, etc.) for fixing the spacer 6 to the building structure 10 is driven in from the countersunk portion 6a of the spacer 6 toward the building structure 10. The fixing material 60 is preferably driven into the structural material of the building structure 10 (frame structural material, fire-resistant covering material 4), and more preferably into the core material that constitutes the structural material. The core material is the frame material A or auxiliary cross material B of the building panel, a column (column material), a beam (beam material), an adjustment material 3, etc. By fixing the spacer 6 to the core material, the spacer 6 (and by extension the burn-through material 5) can be firmly fixed, and that firm fixed state can be maintained. Furthermore, the means for fixing the non-combustible material 7 to the building structure 10 may be a fastening material (such as screws), an adhesive, or a combination of both.

[0066] Next, the building structure 10, with the spacers 6 and non-combustible material 7 attached, is transported from the factory to the construction site (transportation step). Additionally, materials such as burnable flammable material (grade 5) will be transported to the construction site. Next, at the construction site, the building structure 10, with the spacers 6 and non-combustible material 7 attached, is erected on the upper surface of the substructure (not shown).

[0067] Next, the building structure 10, with the spacers 6 and non-combustible material 7 attached, and the burnable material 5 are assembled (assembly step). Specifically, with the back surface of the first burn-through material 51 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) in contact with the spacer 6 attached to the building structure 10, the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the first burn-through material 51 toward the core material (frame material A, auxiliary cross material B) of the building structure 10. This allows the first burn-through material 51 to be fixed to the building structure 10. Furthermore, with the back surface of the second fire-resistant material 52 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) in contact with the side end surface of the building structure 10 (second fire-resistant covering material 42), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the second fire-resistant material 52 toward the core material (adjustment material 3) of the building structure 10. This allows the second fire-resistant material 52 to be fixed to the building structure 10.

[0068] Finally, the opening of the recessed portion 5a is covered with the lid member 8, and the surface of the burnt material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with a decorative material 9 (wall covering, etc.). Similar to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is fixed to the decorative material 9 in advance (for example, fixed at the factory).

[0069] 《Fifth variation》 For example, as shown in Figures 14 to 17, instead of the multiple spacers 6 arranged vertically (see Figure 14(a)), a vertically elongated spacer 16 (see Figure 14(b)) having multiple protrusions may be installed.

[0070] Specifically, the spacer 16 in this modified example is configured to include a vertically elongated base portion 16a and a plurality of thickness adjustment portions 16b arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 14(b), for example. The thickness dimension of the spacer 16 (i.e., the sum of the thickness dimension of the base portion 16a (length in the left-right direction) and the thickness dimension of the thickness adjustment portions 16b (length in the left-right direction)) is set to be the same as the thickness dimension of the spacer 6.

[0071] In the spacer 16, the gaps between adjacent thickness adjustment sections 16b form a ventilation layer, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 (the gap formed by the spacer 16) dry. Therefore, compared to the case where multiple spacers 6 are fixed at intervals in the vertical direction to make it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry, the number of parts can be reduced and the installation of spacers becomes easier.

[0072] 《Sixth variation》 For example, as shown in Figures 15 to 17, a protrusion (engagement portion 5b) that can engage with the spacers 6 and 16 may be provided on the back surface of the first burnable material 51 (the side on which the counterbore portion 5a is not provided). As a result, in the assembly step, the first burn-out material 51 can be positioned simply by engaging the engaging portion 5b provided on the first burn-out material 51 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached to the building structure 10, thus facilitating the positioning of the first burn-out material 51 relative to the building structure 10. In this modified example, only some of the multiple spacers 6,16 engage with the engaging portion 5b. That is, the number of engaging portions 5b is set to be less than the number of spacers 6,16, but this is not the only option.

[0073] <Regarding the construction methods for fire-resistant structures> Next, with reference to Figures 15 to 17, an example of a construction method for wall 1 when the fifth modified example and the sixth modified example are combined will be explained. First, in the factory, structural materials for the walls (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.) are covered with fire-resistant coating material 4 to form the building structure 10.

[0074] Next, the spacer 16 (and the frontmost spacer) and the non-combustible material 7 are attached to the predetermined positions on the surface of the building structure 10 at the factory (attachment step). In the examples shown in Figures 15 to 17, the base portion 16a of the spacer 16 is attached as the foremost spacer. The thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the base portion 16a is set to be approximately the same as the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the non-combustible material 7. Therefore, when the building structure 10 and the first combustible material 51 are assembled, a gap is formed between the foremost spacer and the first combustible material 51.

[0075] Furthermore, the engaging portion 5b is attached to a predetermined position on the back surface of the first burn-through material 51 at the factory. In the examples shown in Figures 15 to 17, the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the engaging portion 5b is set to be the same as the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the base portion 16a of the spacer 16. That is, it is possible to attach the base portion 16a to the back surface of the first burnable material 51 and use the base portion 16a as the engaging portion 5b, thereby reducing the number of parts. In addition, by making the thickness dimension of the engaging portion 5b shorter than the thickness dimension of the spacer 16, a gap is created between the building structure 10 and the engaging portion 5b, and this gap becomes a ventilation layer, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry.

[0076] Next, the building structure 10 with the spacer 16 (and the base portion 16a, which is the foremost spacer) and the non-combustible material 7 attached, and the first combustible material 51 with the engaging portion 5b attached, are transported from the factory to the construction site (transportation step). Additionally, materials such as the second burn-through material 52 will be transported to the construction site. Next, at the construction site, the building structure 10, with the spacer 16 (and the base portion 16a, which is the foremost spacer) and the non-combustible material 7 attached, is erected on the upper surface of the substructure (not shown).

[0077] Next, the building structure 10 with the spacer 6 (and the base portion 16a, which is the foremost spacer) and the non-combustible material 7 attached, the first combustible material 51 with the engaging portion 5b attached, and the second combustible material 52 are assembled (assembly step). Specifically, the back surface of the first burn-through material 51 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) is brought into contact with the spacer 16 attached to the building structure 10, and the engaging portion 5b attached to the first burn-through material 51 is engaged with the corresponding spacer 16 among the spacers 16 attached to the building structure 10. With this engaged, the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the first burn-through material 51 toward the core material (frame material A, auxiliary cross material B) of the building structure 10. At this time, fixing material 50 other than the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer is driven in. This makes it possible to fix the first burn-through material 51 to the building structure 10 while positioning the portion of the first burn-through material 51 other than the front end.

[0078] Then, a packing 61 is inserted into the gap between the front spacer and the first burn-through material 51, and then the fixing material 50 (the fixing material 50 that penetrates the front spacer) is driven in from the counterbore 5a of the first burn-through material 51 toward the core material (frame material A) of the building structure 10. This fixes the first burn-through material 51 to the building structure 10.

[0079] In the examples shown in Figures 15 to 17, even if there is an error in the dimensions of the building structure 10 due to unevenness of the fire-resistant coating material 4, the gap between the foremost spacer and the first burn-through material 51 can absorb that error. Furthermore, by inserting a packing 61 into that gap, the fixing material 50 (the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer) can be driven in while keeping the first burn-through material 51 parallel in the front-to-back direction. It is preferable to insert the packing 61 only at the position where the fixing material 50 (the fixing material 50 that penetrates the foremost spacer) is driven in. This creates a gap between adjacent packings 61, and this gap becomes a ventilation layer, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry.

[0080] Subsequently, with the back surface of the second fire-resistant material 52 (the side without the counter-cut portion 5a) in contact with the side end surface of the building structure 10 (second fire-resistant covering material 42), the fixing material 50 is driven in from the counter-cut portion 5a of the second fire-resistant material 52 toward the core material (adjustment material 3) of the building structure 10. This fixes the second fire-resistant material 52 to the building structure 10.

[0081] Finally, the opening of the recessed portion 5a is covered with the lid member 8, and the surface of the burnt material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with a decorative material 9 (wall covering, etc.). Similar to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the lid member 8 is fixed to the decorative material 9 in advance (for example, fixed at the factory).

[0082] "effect" The above embodiments and modifications provide the following excellent effects. Here, the construction method for the fire-resistant structure in the embodiment and the first, second, and third modified examples is a construction method in which the spacers are fixed to the combustible material 5 in the installation step (at the factory). In contrast, the construction method for the fire-resistant structure in the fourth, fifth, and sixth modified examples is a construction method in which the spacers are fixed to the building structure 10 in the installation step (at the factory).

[0083] The embodiment and the method for constructing a fire-resistant structure in the first, second, and third modified examples (Figures 1 to 11) is a method for constructing a fire-resistant structure comprising a building structure 10, a combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, and a spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the combustible material 5, the method comprising an installation step of attaching the spacer 6 to the combustible material 5 (first combustible material 51), and a transport step of transporting the combustible material 5 from the factory to the construction site after the installation step.

[0084] In other words, spacers 6 can be attached to the combustible material 5 at the factory, the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 attached can be transported from the factory to the construction site, and a fire-resistant structure can be constructed at the construction site using the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 attached. Therefore, since there is no need to position and fix the spacers 6 at the construction site, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, and the constructability when constructing a fire-resistant structure can be improved. In the embodiments (Figures 1 to 5), the building structure 10 with the non-combustible material 7 attached is formed at the construction site. However, the building structure 10 with the non-combustible material 7 attached may also be formed in a factory, similar to the first combustible material 51 with the spacer 6 attached.

[0085] Furthermore, as shown in the embodiments (Figures 1 to 5), the building structure 10 is provided with an engaging portion (non-combustible material 7) that engages with the spacer 6, and after the transport step, an assembly step is performed in which the burnable material 5 is attached to the building structure 10 so that the engaging portion (non-combustible material 7) and the spacer 6 engage.

[0086] With this configuration, the charring material 5 can be positioned (placed in a predetermined location) simply by engaging the spacer 6 attached to the charring material 5 with the engaging portion (non-combustible material 7) provided on the building structure 10. Therefore, on-site work (positioning and fixing the charring material 5 relative to the building structure 10) can be easily performed, thereby improving the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure.

[0087] Furthermore, as shown in the third modified example (Figure 11), the building structure 10 comprises wooden structural materials that constitute the building's frame (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame, and in the installation step, the spacer 6 and the fire-resistant covering material 4 can be attached to the burn-out material 5 (first burn-out material 51).

[0088] With this configuration, the spacers 6 and fire-resistant covering material 4 are attached to the combustible material 5 at the factory, the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 and fire-resistant covering material 4 attached is transported from the factory to the construction site, and a fire-resistant structure can be constructed at the construction site using the combustible material 5 with the spacers 6 and fire-resistant covering material 4 attached. Therefore, since there is no need to position and fix the spacers 6 and fire-resistant covering material 4 at the construction site, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, and the constructability when constructing a fire-resistant structure can be improved.

[0089] Furthermore, the construction methods for fire-resistant structures in the fourth, fifth, and sixth modified examples (Figures 12 to 17) are construction methods for fire-resistant structures comprising a building structure 10, a combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, and spacers 6 and 16 provided between the building structure 10 and the combustible material 5, and include an installation step of attaching the spacers 6 and 16 to the building structure 10, and a transport step of transporting the building structure 10 from the factory to the construction site after the installation step.

[0090] In other words, the spacers 6 and 16 can be attached to the building structure 10 at the factory, the building structure 10 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached can be transported from the factory to the construction site, and the fire-resistant structure can be constructed at the construction site using the building structure 10 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached. Therefore, since there is no need to position and fix the spacers 6 and 16 at the construction site, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, and the constructability when constructing the fire-resistant structure can be improved.

[0091] Furthermore, as shown in the sixth modified example (Figures 15 to 17), the burnable material 5 (first burnable material 51) is provided with an engaging portion 5b that engages with spacers 6 and 16, and after the transport step, an assembly step is performed in which the burnable material 5 is attached to the building structure 10 so that the engaging portion 5b and the spacers 6 and 16 engage.

[0092] With this configuration, the charring material 5 can be positioned (placed in a predetermined position) simply by engaging the engaging portion 5b provided on the charring material 5 with the spacers 6 and 16 attached to the building structure 10. Therefore, on-site work (positioning and fixing the charring material 5 relative to the building structure 10) can be easily performed, thereby improving the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure.

[0093] Furthermore, as shown in the fifth modified example (Figure 14(b)), the spacer 16 can be provided with a base portion 16a that is elongated in a predetermined direction (vertical direction), and a plurality of thickness adjustment portions 16b that are integrally provided on the base portion 16a and arranged at intervals in a predetermined direction.

[0094] This configuration creates a ventilation layer between adjacent thickness adjustment sections 16b, making it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 (the gap formed by the spacer 16) dry. Furthermore, compared to the case where multiple spacers 6 are fixed at intervals in a predetermined direction to make it easier to keep the space between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry, the number of parts can be reduced and the installation of spacers becomes easier.

[0095] In the examples shown in Figures 15 to 17, the installation method involves fixing the spacer to the building structure 10 during the installation step (at the factory), and spacer 16 is used as the spacer; however, the method is not limited to this. For example, in the installation method involves fixing the spacer to the burnable material 5 during the installation step (at the factory), spacer 16 may also be used as the spacer.

[0096] Furthermore, as shown in the first modified example (Figures 6, 7, and 8(b)), the building structure 10 may be made to include wooden structural members that constitute the building's frame (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame, wherein the fire-resistant covering material 4 may include a first fire-resistant covering material 41 and a second fire-resistant covering material 42 that is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first fire-resistant covering material 41 and in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant covering material 41, and the spacer 6 may include a non-combustible spacer provided opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant covering material 41 and the second fire-resistant covering material 42.

[0097] With this configuration, when the burnable material 5 and the building structure 10 are assembled to construct a fire-resistant structure, the non-combustible spacer 67 is positioned to close the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42 (on the burnable layer side of the boundary). Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a non-combustible material 7 to close the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42, thus reducing the number of parts.

[0098] In the first modified example, in the installation step (at the factory), a construction method in which the spacers are fixed to the combustible material 5 is used, and multiple spacers 6 including a non-combustible spacer 67 are used as the spacers, but the method is not limited to this. For example, in the installation step (at the factory), a construction method in which the spacers are fixed to the building structure 10 is also possible, and multiple spacers 6 including a non-combustible spacer 67 are used as the spacers.

[0099] Furthermore, as shown in the second modified example (Figures 9 and 10), the building structure 10 comprises wooden structural members (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building, and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame. The fire-resistant covering material 4 includes a first fire-resistant covering material 41 and a second fire-resistant covering material 42 that is arranged perpendicular to the first fire-resistant covering material 41 and in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant covering material 41. It is possible to perform an application step of attaching non-combustible tape 71 to the structural members at a position opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant covering material 41 and the second fire-resistant covering material 42.

[0100] With this configuration, when the structural frame and the fire-resistant coating material 4 are assembled to form the building structure 10, the non-combustible tape 71 is positioned to seal the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42 (on the structural frame side of the boundary). Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a non-combustible material 7 to seal the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material 41 and the second fire-resistant coating material 42. Furthermore, if the application step is performed in the factory, the number of work steps at the construction site can be reduced, thereby improving the constructability when building a fire-resistant structure.

[0101] In the second modified example, the installation step (at the factory) involves fixing the spacer to the flammable material 5, and includes an attachment step of applying non-combustible tape 71. However, the method is not limited to this. For example, in the installation step (at the factory) involves fixing the spacer to the building structure 10, the attachment step of applying non-combustible tape 71 may also be included.

[0102] In the embodiments and modifications described above, building wall panels 2 and adjustment members 3 were used as structural structural materials, but the invention is not limited to these. That is, the structural structural materials may be building panels other than building wall panels 2 (such as building floor panels or building roof panels), columns (column members), or beams (beam members). When the structural structural material is a building panel, the core material is frame member A or auxiliary batten member B. When the structural structural material is a column (column member), the core material is the structural structural material itself (column member). When the structural structural material is a beam (beam member), the core material is the structural structural material itself (beam member). When the structural structural material is adjustment member 3, the core material is the structural structural material itself (adjustment member 3). Furthermore, although the above embodiments and modifications show a fire-resistant structure for wall 1, the invention is not limited thereto. That is, the fire-resistant structure of the present invention may be any of the following: a fire-resistant structure for wall 1, a fire-resistant structure for floor, a fire-resistant structure for ceiling, a fire-resistant structure for column, a fire-resistant structure for beam, etc.

[0103] Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a growing demand for the realization of a decarbonized society through the promotion of carbon neutrality, which aims to achieve virtually zero carbon dioxide emissions, and for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the construction industry, efforts are also being made to use wood, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions, for buildings. The fire-resistant construction method in the above embodiment and modified examples is a fire-resistant construction method for wooden buildings, and therefore can contribute to the realization of a decarbonized society through the promotion of carbon neutrality and the achievement of the SDGs. The above embodiments and modifications can be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0104] 2. Building wall panels (structural materials) 3 Adjustment material (frame structure material) 4 Fireproof coating 5. Burnable material 5b Engagement part 6 Spacers 7 Noncombustible material (engaging part) 10. Building Structure 16 Spacers 16a Base section 16b Thickness adjustment section 41 First fireproof covering material 42 Second fireproof covering material 67. Non-combustible spacer 71 Non-flammable tape

Claims

1. A construction method for constructing a fire-resistant structure for a building, The aforementioned fire-resistant structure is Building structure and A combustible material that forms a combustible layer, The system comprises a spacer provided between the building structure and the burnable material, The aforementioned spacer is A base section that is elongated in a predetermined direction, The base portion is integrally provided with a plurality of thickness adjustment parts arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction, A mounting step of attaching the spacer to the burnable material, Following the aforementioned installation step, there is a transport step of transporting the burnable material from the factory to the construction site, A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized by having [a certain feature].

2. In the construction method described in claim 1, The building structure is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the spacer, A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized by having an assembly step after the transport step, in which the burnable material is attached to the building structure such that the engaging portion and the spacer engage.

3. In the construction method described in claim 1, The aforementioned building structure comprises a wooden structural frame that constitutes the building's frame, and a fire-resistant covering material that covers the frame. A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized in that the installation step involves attaching the spacer and the fire-resistant covering material to the burnable material.

4. A construction method for constructing a fire-resistant structure for a building, The aforementioned fire-resistant structure is Building structure and A combustible material that forms a combustible layer, The system comprises a spacer provided between the building structure and the burnable material, The aforementioned spacer is A base section that is elongated in a predetermined direction, The base portion is integrally provided with a plurality of thickness adjustment parts arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction, A mounting step for attaching the spacer to the building structure, Following the aforementioned installation step, there is a transport step of transporting the building structure from the factory to the construction site, A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized by having [a certain feature].

5. In the construction method described in claim 4, The aforementioned burnable material is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the spacer, A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized by having an assembly step after the transport step, in which the burnable material is attached to the building structure such that the engaging portion and the spacer engage.

6. In the construction method described in claim 1 or 4, The aforementioned building structure comprises a wooden structural frame that constitutes the building's frame, and a fire-resistant covering material that covers the frame. The fire-resistant coating material includes a first fire-resistant coating material and a second fire-resistant coating material arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first fire-resistant coating material and in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant coating material. A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized in that the spacer includes a non-combustible spacer provided opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant coating material and the second fire-resistant coating material.

7. In the construction method described in claim 1 or 4, The aforementioned building structure comprises a wooden structural frame that constitutes the building's frame, and a fire-resistant covering material that covers the frame. The fire-resistant coating material includes a first fire-resistant coating material and a second fire-resistant coating material arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first fire-resistant coating material and in contact with the end face of the first fire-resistant coating material. A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, characterized in that it includes an application step of applying non-combustible tape to a position opposite the boundary between the first fire-resistant covering material and the second fire-resistant covering material among the structural materials of the frame.

Images