Refractory structure

Abstract

To improve workability when a timber to be a burning marginal layer is fixed.SOLUTION: A fireproof structure of a building has a building structure 10, a burning marginal material 5 forming a burning marginal layer, and a spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the burning marginal material 5. The burning marginal material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 through the spacer 6. The spacer 6 has a body part 61 that is fixed to the building structure 10 and forms a gap between the building structure 10 and the burning marginal material 5, and an engaging part 62 to be engaged with a prescribed portion of the burning marginal material 5. At least the engaging part 62 of the spacer 6 can be made of metal. The building structure 10 can have a skeleton structure material (a building material (a building wall panel 2 and others), a column material, a beam material, an adjustment material 3 and others) for constituting a skeleton of the building, and a fireproof covering material 4 to cover the skeleton.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure of a building.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is known a wooden building member having a load-bearing part made of wood, a char layer (wood serving as the char layer) covering the load-bearing part, a fire-stopping layer (gypsum board) provided between the load-bearing part and the char layer, a heat-expandable material provided between the fire-stopping layer and the char layer, and a plurality of spacers disposed in a portion where the heat-expandable material is provided (see Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In Patent Document 1, the wood serving as the char layer is a plate material having a rectangular shape, and no member or the like for positioning the wood is provided. The wood serving as the char layer is only fixed to the fire-stopping layer via a rectangular bar-shaped spacer. Therefore, it is difficult to fix the wood serving as the char layer at a predetermined position.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the problem thereof is to improve the workability when fixing the wood serving as the char layer.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The invention according to claim 1 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 1 0 a fire-resistant structure of a building, a building structure 10, A combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, The building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 are provided with a spacer 6, The burnable material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 via the spacer 6. The aforementioned spacer 6 is A main body portion 61 is fixed to the building structure 10 and forms a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5, It comprises an engaging portion 62 that engages with a predetermined part of the burnt material 5. And, The engaging portion 62 has a male screw formed on it. The predetermined portion is a hole 54 through which the engaging portion 62 can be inserted. The burnable material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 by the engagement portion 62 passing through the hole 54 and a female screw member 65 being screwed onto the tip of the engagement portion 62. The burnt material 5 has a counterbore portion 53 into which the female screw member 65 is housed, and is covered with a decorative material 8 to which a lid member 7 that fits into the counterbore portion 53 is fixed. It is characterized by the following.

[0007] According to the invention described in claim 1, the burnable material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging a predetermined portion of the burnable material 5 with the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6 fixed to the building structure 10. Therefore, since the positioning of the burnable material 5 is easy, the workability when fixing the wood (burnable material 5) that will form the burnable layer can be improved. Furthermore, the burnt-off material 5 can be fixed to the building structure 10 by using a spacer 6 to create a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnt-off material 5. Therefore, compared to the case where the member for creating a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnt-off material 5 and the member for fixing the burnt-off material 5 to the building structure 10 are separate components, the number of parts can be reduced, thereby improving the workability when fixing the wood that forms the burnt-off layer (burnt-off material 5). Furthermore, the burnt-off material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging a predetermined part (hole 54) of the burnt-off material 5 with the engaging part 62 of the spacer 6 fixed to the building structure 10. Therefore, the burnt-off material 5 can be fixed in the predetermined position simply by performing the fixing work of the burnt-off material 5 (tightening work by screwing in the female screw member 65) while the predetermined part of the burnt-off material 5 and the engaging part 62 of the spacer 6 are engaged, thereby improving the workability when fixing the wood that will become the burnt-off layer (burnt-off material 5). Furthermore, since the decorative material 8 can be positioned simply by fitting the cover member 7 into the recessed portion 53, the positioning of the decorative material 8 relative to the burnt-out material 5 is easy.

[0008] The invention described in claim 2 is, for example, as shown in Figures 1 to 15, in the fire-resistant structure described in claim 1, The spacer 6 is characterized in that at least the engaging portion 62 is made of metal.

[0009] According to the invention described in claim 2, since the spacer 6 has a metal engaging portion 62, it can firmly engage with the combustible material 5 and can maintain its firm engagement state.

[0016] Claim 3 The invention described in [claim number] is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 1 0 In the fire-resistant structure described in claim 1, The building structure 10 includes a wooden building structure material (such as a building panel (such as a building wall panel 2), a column material, a beam material, an adjustment material 3, etc.) constituting the building frame, and a fire-resistant coating material 4 covering the frame, and is characterized by this.

[0017] Claim 3 According to the invention described in [claim number], since the wooden building structure material is covered with the fire-resistant coating material 4, it has high fire-resistant performance.

Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, the workability when fixing the wood (combustible material 5) serving as the combustible layer can be improved.

Brief Explanation of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view showing an example of a spacer. [Figure 3] It is an exploded longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 4] It is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 5] It is an exploded cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 6] It is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 7] First Modified Example: It is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a wall in a state before attaching a decorative material. [Figure 8] First Modified Example: It is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a wall in a state after attaching a decorative material. [Figure 9]First variation: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall before the decorative material is installed. [Figure 10] First modified example: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall after decorative material has been installed. [Figure 11] Second modified example: A disassembled longitudinal cross-section showing an example of a wall. [Figure 12] Second modified example: A longitudinal cross-section showing an example of a wall. [Figure 13] Second modified example: This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 14] Second variation: A cross-sectional view showing an example of a wall. [Figure 15] Second variation: A perspective view illustrating an example of the relationship between a spacer and a burn-through material. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferred limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments (and modifications) or illustrated examples. Note that the directions (front-back direction, left-right direction, up-down direction) in the following embodiments (and modifications) and illustrated examples are set solely for the convenience of explanation.

[0021] In Figures 1 and 3-6, reference numeral 1 indicates a wall of the building. The building is constructed using a panel construction method in which building components such as walls, floors, and roofs are pre-fabricated in a factory and assembled at the construction site. However, it is not limited to this method, and the building may also be constructed using conventional methods such as post-and-beam construction, wall-type construction, or two-by-four construction. Furthermore, a panel is a building panel in which vertical and horizontal frame members A are assembled in a rectangular shape to form a rectangular frame, and auxiliary cross members B are assembled vertically and horizontally inside this rectangular frame to form a frame body, and face material C is attached to both sides or one side of this frame body, resulting in a hollow structure. Insulation material such as glass wool or rock wool is usually installed in the hollow part inside (the back side of face material C).

[0022] In other words, in this embodiment, the building frame is composed of building panels such as building wall panels 2, building floor panels, and building roof panels, as well as columns, beams, and adjustment members 3. The structural materials that make up the frame (building panels, columns (column materials), beams (beam materials), adjustment members 3, etc.) are covered with fire-resistant covering material 4 to form the walls, floors, and ceilings of the building. The fire-resistant coating material 4 in this embodiment is reinforced gypsum board, but is not limited to this, and may be other types of fire-resistant coating materials. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the building structure is covered with a single fire-resistant covering material 4, but it is not limited to this, and may be covered with multiple layers of fire-resistant covering material 4.

[0023] The wall 1 of this embodiment is constructed of a building structure 10 having wooden structural materials (building wall panels 2, columns, adjustment materials 3, etc.) that constitute the frame of the building and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame, wooden burn-through material 5 that forms a burn-through layer, and a spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the burn-through material 5. The thickness dimension of the burnable material 5 (burnable layer) is set to the dimension determined using a known burnable design.

[0024] Multiple spacers 6 are provided between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5. These multiple spacers 6 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction (front-to-back direction) and at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (up and down direction). The spacing between adjacent spacers 6 in the horizontal direction and the spacing between adjacent spacers 6 in the vertical direction may be the same or different. Furthermore, the spacing dimensions between the spacers 6 in the horizontal direction may or may not be uniform. Similarly, the spacing dimensions between the spacers 6 in the vertical direction may or may not be uniform.

[0025] The spacer 6 comprises a main body 61 for forming a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5, and an engaging portion 62 for engaging with the burnable material 5. The main body 61 of the spacer 6 is fixed to the building structure 10, and the engaging portion 62 supports the burnable material 5. In other words, the burnable material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 via the spacer 6. The engaging portion 62 is a metal male screw member (the shaft portion of the bolt) and protrudes outward (towards the opposite side of the building structure 10) from the surface of the main body portion 61 (the side opposite to the building structure 10).

[0026] Furthermore, the surface of the main body portion 61 is provided with multiple (two in this embodiment) countersunk portions 63. That is, the fixing material 64 (screws, etc.) for fixing the spacer 6 to the building structure 10 is driven in from the countersunk portions 63 of the main body portion 61 toward the building structure 10. The fixing material 64 is preferably driven into the structural material of the building structure 10 (frame structural material, fire-resistant covering material 4), and more preferably into the core material that constitutes the structural material. The core material is the frame material A or auxiliary cross material B of the building panel, a column (column material), a beam (beam material), an adjustment material 3, etc. By fixing the spacer 6 to the core material, the spacer 6 (and by extension the burn-through material 5) can be firmly fixed, and that firm fixed state can be maintained.

[0027] In this embodiment, the main body 61 is a rectangular plate-shaped member, but it is not limited to this. The shape of the main body 61 is arbitrary as long as it has a predetermined thickness. Furthermore, although the main body 61 in this embodiment is made of wood, it is not limited to this, and the material of the main body 61 can be arbitrary; for example, it may be made of the same metal material as the engaging portion 62.

[0028] The burnable material 5 consists of at least two types: a first burnable material 51 and a second burnable material 52. The first burn-through material 51 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that covers the surface (left and right sides) of the building structure 10 and is fixed to the building structure 10 via spacers 6. The second burn-through material 52 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that covers the side end surface (front end surface) of the building structure 10 and is fixed to the building structure 10 without the use of spacers 6. In other words, the first combustible material 51 and the second combustible material 52 are arranged in directions perpendicular to each other.

[0029] Multiple countersunk portions 53 are formed on the surface of the first burnable material 51 (the side opposite to the building structure 10). In addition, holes 54 are formed in the first burnable material 51 that penetrate from the bottom surface of the countersunk portion 53 to the back surface of the first burnable material 51 (the side facing the building structure 10). The size (diameter and depth) of the counterbore portion 53 in the first burnable material 51 is set to a size that can accommodate a female screw member 65 (nut, etc.) that screws into the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6, and to a size that allows for the tightening of the female screw member 65. Furthermore, the diameter of the hole 54 in the first burnable material 51 is set to a diameter that allows the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6 to be inserted. Also, the position of the hole 54 is set to a position where the first burnable material 51 is positioned in a predetermined location relative to the building structure 10.

[0030] In other words, when fixing the first combustible material 51 to the building structure 10, first, a plurality of spacers 6 are fixed to predetermined positions on the building structure 10, and the first combustible material 51 is attached to the plurality of spacers 6 and fixed in place so that the engaging portion 62 of the spacers 6 penetrates the corresponding hole 54 in the first combustible material 51. In this way, the first burn-off material 51 can be positioned (set in a predetermined position) simply by engaging (fitting) the hole 54 of the first burn-off material 51 with the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6 which is fixed in a predetermined position on the building structure 10. Therefore, the work of fixing the first burn-off material 51 to the building structure 10 (the tightening work of screwing in the female screw member 65) can be performed easily.

[0031] Multiple countersunk holes 53 are also provided on the surface of the second fire-resistant material 52 (the side opposite to the building structure 10). That is, the fixing material 55 (screws, etc.) for fixing the second fire-resistant material 52 to the building structure 10 is driven in from the countersunk holes 53 of the second fire-resistant material 52 toward the building structure 10. The fixing material 55 is preferably driven into the structural frame of the building structure 10 (frame structural material, fire-resistant covering material 4), and more preferably into the core material that constitutes the structural frame. The core material is the frame material A or auxiliary crossbar B of the building panel, a column (column material), a beam (beam material), an adjustment material 3, etc. By fixing the second fire-resistant material 52 to the core material, the fire-resistant material 5 can be firmly fixed and that firm fixed state can be maintained.

[0032] As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, when the first combustible material 51 is positioned, its front end surface is located in front of the front end surface of the building structure 10. The width dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the second combustible material 52 is set to be approximately the same as the thickness dimension (length in the left-right direction) of the building structure 10. That is, the width dimension of the second combustible material 52 is approximately the same as the distance between the first combustible material 51 covering one surface (left side) of the building structure 10 and the first combustible material 51 covering the other surface (right side) of the building structure 10. Therefore, the second burn-off material 52 can be positioned (placed in a predetermined position) simply by inserting it between the first burn-off material 51 that covers one surface (left side) of the building structure 10 and the first burn-off material 51 that covers the other surface (right side) of the building structure 10. This makes it easy to fix the second burn-off material 52 to the building structure 10 (by driving in the fixing material 55).

[0033] The countersunk portion 53 of the burnt material 5 has its opening closed by a cover member 7. That is, after the tightening of the female screw member 65 is completed, a cover member 7, which is formed to a size that can fit (accommodate) the countersunk portion 53 of the first burnt material 51, is attached to the countersunk portion 53 of the first burnt material 51. Similarly, after the driving of the fixing material 55 is completed, a cover member 7, which is formed to a size that can fit (accommodate) the countersunk portion 53 of the second burnt material 52, is attached to the countersunk portion 53 of the second burnt material 52. In this embodiment, since the recessed portion 53 is circular in shape when viewed from the front, a circular plate-shaped member is used as the cover member 7, but this is not the only option. For example, if the recessed portion 53 is rectangular in shape when viewed from the front, it is preferable to use a rectangular plate-shaped member as the cover member 7.

[0034] 《Wall Construction Method》 Next, we will explain an example of the construction method for wall 1. First, structural materials for the walls (architectural wall panels 2, columns, adjustment members 3, etc.) are erected on the upper surface of the lower structural part (not shown). Next, the structural materials for the walls are covered with fire-resistant coating material 4 to form the building structure 10. Next, the spacers 6 are fixed to the surface (left and right sides) of the building structure 10. Specifically, with the back surface of the main body 61 (the side facing the building structure 10) in contact with predetermined positions on the surface of the building structure 10, the fixing material 64 is driven in from the counterbore 63 provided in the main body 61 toward the core material of the building structure 10. At this time, multiple spacers 6 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction (front-to-back direction) and at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (up and down direction).

[0035] Next, the surfaces (left and right sides) of the building structure 10 are covered with the first fire-resistant material 51. Specifically, the first burn-off material 51 is positioned such that the engaging portion 62 of each spacer 6 fixed to the surface of the building structure 10 penetrates the corresponding hole 54 among the multiple holes 54 provided in the first burn-off material 51. Then, in this state, a female screw member 65 is inserted through the counterbore 53 of the first burn-off material 51 and screwed into the tip of the engaging portion 62 (i.e., the portion of the engaging portion 62 that protrudes into the counterbore 53 of the first burn-off material 51). This allows the first burn-off material 51 to be fixed to the building structure 10 in a positioned state.

[0036] Next, the side end face (front end face) of the building structure 10 is covered with the second burn-through material 52. Specifically, a second flammable material 52 is inserted between a first flammable material 51 covering one surface (left side) of the building structure 10 and a first flammable material 51 covering the other surface (right side) of the building structure 10. With the back surface (the side facing the building structure 10) of the second flammable material 52 in contact with the surface of the building structure 10, a fixing material 55 is driven in from the counterbore 53 of the second flammable material 52 toward the core material of the building structure 10. This allows the second flammable material 52 to be fixed to the building structure 10 in a fixed position.

[0037] Next, the cover member 7 is attached to the recessed portion 53 of the burnt material 5. Finally, the surface of the burnable material 5 (the side opposite to the building structure 10) is covered with decorative material 8. Note that the decorative material 8 is not shown in Figures 1, 3 to 6.

[0038] 《First variation》 For example, as shown in Figures 7 to 10, the lid member 7 may be fixed to the decorative material 8 (wall covering, etc.) that covers the burnable material 5. That is, the lid member 7 may be fixed to the decorative material 8 and then attached to the recessed portion 53. This makes it possible to position the decorative material 8 simply by attaching (fitting) the lid member 7 to the recessed portion 53, thus making it easier to cover the burnable material 5 with the decorative material 8.

[0039] 《Second variation》 For example, as shown in Figures 11 to 15, fastening hardware may be used as spacer 6 to fix exterior wall materials (siding materials, tile panels, etc.) directly to the building structure (or via a waterproof and breathable sheet, etc.). For convenience, in Figures 13 and 14, only the outer shape of spacer 6 is shown with a dashed line.

[0040] In this modified example, the spacer 6 has a main body 61 that forms a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5, which is fixed to the building structure 10 (preferably the core material of the building structure 10) by a fixing member 64 (such as a tapping screw), and the burnable material 5 is supported by an engaging portion 62 that engages with the burnable material 5. In other words, the burnable material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 via the spacer 6. Furthermore, in the modified spacer 6, the engaging portion 62 protrudes outward (towards the opposite side of the building structure 10) from the surface of the main body portion 61 (the side opposite to the building structure 10), and its tip is divided into a pair of first bent pieces 62a bent diagonally downward and a second bent piece 62b provided between the pair of first bent pieces 62a and bent diagonally upward.

[0041] In this modified example, the burnable material 5 includes at least two types: a third burnable material 56 and a fourth burnable material 57. The third fire-resistant material 56 is an L-shaped member in plan view that covers the outer corner of the building structure 10, and the fourth fire-resistant material 57 is an I-shaped (rectangular plate-shaped) member in plan view that covers the surface (left side and right side) of the building structure 10.

[0042] In the above embodiment and the first modified example, one of the two types of combustible material 5 (first combustible material 51 and second combustible material 52) (first combustible material 51) is fixed to the building structure 10 via a spacer 6, while the other (second combustible material 52) is fixed to the building structure 10 without a spacer 6. In contrast, in this modified example, both of the two types of combustible material 5 (third combustible material 56 and fourth combustible material 57) are fixed to the building structure 10 via a spacer 6. In addition, in the embodiment and the first modified example, both types of burnable material 5 (first burnable material 51, second burnable material 52) may be fixed to the building structure 10 via spacers 6. That is, for example, the second burnable material 52 may be provided with counterbore 53 or holes 54 for the engaging portion 62.

[0043] The third burn-through material 56 and the fourth burn-through material 57 have an upper engaging portion 58 and a lower engaging portion 59, similar to the exterior wall material fixed to the building structure using the spacer 6 (fastening fitting) in this modified example. Specifically, the upper end of the third burn-off material 56 has an upper engaging portion 58 that fits between the main body 61 of the spacer 6 and the first bent piece 62a, extending from one side of the upper end to the other, and the lower end of the third burn-off material 56 has a lower engaging portion 59 that fits between the main body 61 of the spacer 6 and the second bent piece 62b, extending from one side of the lower end to the other. In other words, the third burn-off material 56 is provided with L-shaped engaging portions 58 and 59 in plan view.

[0044] Furthermore, an upper engaging portion 58 is provided at the upper end of the fourth burnable material 57, which fits between the main body portion 61 of the spacer 6 and the first bent piece 62a, extending from one side of the upper end to the other (i.e., along the front-to-back direction), and a lower engaging portion 59 is provided at the lower end of the fourth burnable material 57, which fits between the main body portion 61 of the spacer 6 and the second bent piece 62b, extending from one side of the lower end to the other (i.e., along the front-to-back direction). Furthermore, the side ends of the third and fourth burnable materials 56 and 57 are provided with irregularities so that the irregularities on the side ends fit together between adjacent burnable materials 5. Note that the shape of the irregularities on the side ends of the burnable materials 56 and 57 is not limited to the shapes shown in Figures 13 and 14.

[0045] In this modified example, first, multiple spacers 6 are fixed to predetermined positions on the building structure 10. In this modified example, the spacers 6 are fixed to both the surface (left and right sides) of the building structure 10 and the side end surface (front end surface) of the building structure 10. As shown in Figures 13 and 14, two spacers 6 are fixed to the side end face (front end face) of the building structure 10, aligned horizontally in a plan view. Hereinafter, the left spacer 6 of the two spacers 6 aligned horizontally will be referred to as the "left spacer," and the right spacer 6 will be referred to as the "right spacer." In other words, multiple left spacers aligned vertically are fixed to the side end face (front end face) of the building structure 10, as well as multiple right spacers aligned vertically.

[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, multiple spacers 6 are fixed to the surface (left and right sides) of the building structure 10, arranged in the front-to-back direction in a plan view. In other words, on one surface (the left surface) of the building structure 10, a plurality of spacers 6 are fixed in a front-to-back direction in a plan view. Hereinafter, the spacer 6 closest to the left corner of the plurality of spacers 6 arranged in the front-to-back direction will be referred to as the "left corner spacer". Furthermore, on the other surface (right side) of the building structure 10, a plurality of spacers 6 are fixed in a front-to-back direction in a plan view. Hereinafter, the spacer 6 closest to the right-side corner among the plurality of spacers 6 arranged in the front-to-back direction will be referred to as the "right-side corner spacer".

[0047] Next, the outer corners of the building structure 10 are covered with a third fire-retardant material 56 that is L-shaped in plan view. That is, the left outer corner of the building structure 10 (one outer corner) is covered with the third fire-retardant material 56, and the right outer corner of the building structure 10 (the other outer corner) is covered with the third fire-retardant material 56. Hereinafter, the third fire-retardant material 56 covering the left outer corner will be referred to as the "left outer corner fire-retardant material," and the third fire-retardant material 56 covering the right outer corner will be referred to as the "right outer corner fire-retardant material."

[0048] The left corner burn-through material is fixed to the building structure 10 via the left spacer and the left corner spacer. Specifically, the upper engaged portion 58 of the left corner burn-out material is inserted between the main body portion 61 and the first bent piece 62a of the left spacer (upper left spacer) and the left corner spacer (upper left corner spacer), and the lower engaged portion 59 of the left corner burn-out material is inserted between the main body portion 61 and the second bent piece 62b of the left spacer (left spacer located below the upper left spacer) and the left corner spacer (left corner spacer located below the upper left corner spacer). This allows the left corner burn-out material (third burn-out material 56 covering the left corner portion of the building structure 10) to be fixed to the building structure 10 in a positioned state.

[0049] Furthermore, the right corner burn-through material is fixed to the building structure 10 via the right spacer and the right corner spacer. Specifically, the upper engaged portion 58 of the right corner burn-out material is inserted between the main body portion 61 and the first bent piece 62a of the right spacer (upper right spacer) and the right corner spacer (upper right corner spacer), and the lower engaged portion 59 of the right corner burn-out material is inserted between the main body portion 61 and the second bent piece 62b of the right spacer (right spacer located below the upper right spacer) and the right corner spacer (right corner spacer located below the upper right corner spacer). This allows the right corner burn-out material (third burn-out material 56 covering the right corner portion of the building structure 10) to be fixed to the building structure 10 in a positioned state.

[0050] Next, the surfaces (left and right sides) of the building structure 10 are covered with a fourth burn-through material 57 that is I-shaped in plan view. Specifically, the upper engaged portion 58 of the fourth burn-off material 57 is inserted between the main body 61 and the first bent piece 62a of a plurality of spacers 6 (upper spacer group) arranged in the front-to-back direction, among the spacers 6 (excluding the left and right corner spacers) fixed to the surface of the building structure 10, and the lower engaged portion 59 of the fourth burn-off material 57 is inserted between the main body 61 and the second bent piece 62b of a plurality of spacers 6 (a plurality of spacers 6 located below the upper spacer group) arranged in the front-to-back direction, among the spacers 6 (excluding the left and right corner spacers) fixed to the surface of the building structure 10. This allows the fourth burn-off material 57 to be fixed to the building structure 10 in a positioned state (positioned in the vertical direction).

[0051] The fourth combustible material 57 can be positioned (positioned in the front-to-back direction) by the already fixed third combustible material 56. That is, the fourth combustible material 57 adjacent to the third combustible material 56 can be positioned by bringing the side end face of the fourth combustible material 57 into contact with the side end face of the already fixed third combustible material 56. Therefore, when covering the surface of the building structure 10 (for example, the left side) with multiple fourth burn-off materials 57 arranged in the front-to-back direction, after fixing the third burn-off material 56 (for example, the left corner burn-off material that covers the left corner of the building structure 10), the fourth burn-off materials 57 adjacent to the third burn-off material 56 are fixed sequentially, making it possible to fix the multiple fourth burn-off materials 57 to the building structure 10 in a positioned state (positioned in the front-to-back direction).

[0052] "effect" The above embodiments and modifications provide the following excellent effects. Specifically, the fire-resistant structure of the building comprises a building structure 10, a combustible material 5 that forms a combustible layer, and a spacer 6 provided between the building structure 10 and the combustible material 5. The combustible material 5 is fixed to the building structure 10 via the spacer 6, and the spacer 6 comprises a main body 61 that is fixed to the building structure 10 and forms a gap between the building structure 10 and the combustible material 5, and an engaging portion 62 that engages with a predetermined part of the combustible material 5.

[0053] Therefore, the burn-through material 5 can be positioned (placed in a predetermined position) simply by engaging a predetermined part of the burn-through material 5 with the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6 fixed to the building structure 10. As a result, the positioning of the burn-through material 5 is easy, which improves the workability when fixing the wood (burn-through material 5) that will form the burn-through layer. Furthermore, the burnt-off material 5 can be fixed to the building structure 10 by using a spacer 6 to create a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnt-off material 5. Therefore, compared to the case where the member for creating a gap between the building structure 10 and the burnt-off material 5 and the member for fixing the burnt-off material 5 to the building structure 10 are separate components, the number of parts can be reduced, thereby improving the workability when fixing the wood that forms the burnt-off layer (burnt-off material 5). Furthermore, since a gap is formed between the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5, it becomes easier to keep the building structure 10 and the burnable material 5 dry. Furthermore, the building structure 10 does not necessarily have to have two external corners, but may have only one. Also, the building structure 10 may not have any external corners at all.

[0054] Furthermore, it is possible to use a spacer 6 in which at least the engaging portion 62 is made of metal. With this configuration, the spacer 6 is equipped with a metal engaging portion 62, which allows it to firmly engage with the burnt material 5 and maintain that firm engagement.

[0055] Furthermore, by forming a male screw on the engaging portion 62, a predetermined portion can be made into a hole 54 through which the engaging portion 62 can be inserted, and the burnt material 5 can be fixed to the building structure 10 by the engaging portion 62 passing through the hole 54 and a female screw member 65 being screwed onto the tip of the engaging portion 62. With this configuration, the burnt-off material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging a predetermined part (hole 54) of the burnt-off material 5 with the engaging part 62 of the spacer 6 fixed to the building structure 10. Therefore, the burnt-off material 5 can be fixed in the predetermined position simply by performing the fixing work on the burnt-off material 5 (tightening work by screwing in the female screw member 65) while the predetermined part of the burnt-off material 5 and the engaging part 62 of the spacer 6 are engaged, thereby improving the workability when fixing the wood that will become the burnt-off layer (burnt-off material 5).

[0056] Furthermore, as in the first modified example, the burnt material 5 may be covered by a decorative material 8 having a counterbore portion 53 in which a female screw member 65 is housed, and a lid member 7 that fits into the counterbore portion 53 is fixed in place. With this configuration, the decorative material 8 can be positioned simply by fitting the cover member 7 into the recessed portion 53, making it easy to position the decorative material 8 relative to the burnt-out material 5.

[0057] Furthermore, as shown in the second modified example, it is possible to use fastening hardware, which is used to fix exterior wall materials to the building's frame, as the spacer 6. By configuring it in this way, the fastening brackets used to secure the exterior wall material can be repurposed as spacers 6. Furthermore, the burnable material 5 can be positioned simply by engaging predetermined parts of the burnable material 5 (upper engaging portion 58, lower engaging portion 59) with the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6 fixed to the building structure 10. Therefore, since the burnable material 5 can be fixed in a predetermined position simply by engaging predetermined parts of the burnable material 5 with the engaging portion 62 of the spacer 6, the workability when fixing the wood that will form the burnable layer (burnable material 5) can be improved.

[0058] Furthermore, the building structure 10 may comprise wooden structural materials that constitute the building's frame (architectural panels (architectural wall panels 2, etc.), columns, beams, adjustment members 3, etc.) and a fire-resistant covering material 4 that covers the frame. This configuration ensures that the wooden structural members are covered with the fire-resistant coating material 4, resulting in high fire resistance.

[0059] In the embodiments and modifications described above, building wall panels 2 and adjustment members 3 were used as structural structural materials, but the invention is not limited to these. That is, the structural structural materials may be building panels other than building wall panels 2 (such as building floor panels or building roof panels), columns (column members), or beams (beam members). When the structural structural material is a building panel, the core material is frame member A or auxiliary batten member B. When the structural structural material is a column (column member), the core material is the structural structural material itself (column member). When the structural structural material is a beam (beam member), the core material is the structural structural material itself (beam member). When the structural structural material is adjustment member 3, the core material is the structural structural material itself (adjustment member 3). Furthermore, although the above embodiments and modifications show a fire-resistant structure for wall 1, the invention is not limited thereto. That is, the fire-resistant structure of the present invention may be any of the following: a fire-resistant structure for wall 1, a fire-resistant structure for floor, a fire-resistant structure for ceiling, a fire-resistant structure for column, a fire-resistant structure for beam, etc.

[0060] Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a growing demand for the realization of a decarbonized society through the promotion of carbon neutrality, which aims to achieve virtually zero carbon dioxide emissions, and for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the construction industry, efforts are also being made to use wood, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions, for buildings. The fire-resistant structures in the above embodiments and modifications are fire-resistant structures for wooden buildings, and therefore can contribute to the realization of a decarbonized society through the promotion of carbon neutrality and the achievement of the SDGs. The above embodiments and modifications can be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0061] 2. Building wall panels (structural materials) 3 Adjustment material (frame structure material) 4 Fireproof coating 5. Burnable material 6 Spacers 7 Lid member 8 Decorative materials 10. Building Structure 53. Carved seat section 54 Hole 61 Main body 62 Engaging part 65 Female threaded member

Claims

1. The building has a fire-resistant structure, Building structure and A combustible material that forms a combustible layer, The building structure and the burnable material are provided with a spacer, The aforementioned burnable material is fixed to the building structure via the spacer, The aforementioned spacer is A main body that is fixed to the building structure and forms a gap between the building structure and the burnable material, It is equipped with an engaging portion that engages with a predetermined part of the burnt material, The aforementioned engaging portion has a male screw formed on it. The predetermined portion is a hole through which the engaging portion can be inserted, The aforementioned burnable material is fixed to the building structure by the engagement portion passing through the hole and a female screw member being screwed into the tip of the engagement portion. The fire-resistant structure is characterized in that the burnable material has a counterbore portion into which the female screw member is housed, and is covered with a decorative material to which a lid member that fits into the counterbore portion is fixed.

2. In the fire-resistant structure described in claim 1, The spacer is a fire-resistant structure characterized in that at least the engaging portion is made of metal.

3. In the fire-resistant structure described in claim 1, The aforementioned building structure is characterized by comprising wooden structural members that constitute the frame of the building, and a fire-resistant covering material that covers the frame.

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