Disassembly method
A method for disassembling concrete members with embedded reinforcing bars by forming insertion parts and using a pressurizing mechanism to divide the concrete along a set line addresses noise, vibration, and dust issues, enabling efficient and clean dismantling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KAJIMA CORP
- Filing Date
- 2022-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for disassembling concrete members with embedded reinforcing bars generate noise, vibration, and dust, and require separate cutting of reinforcing bars, which can damage the structure and necessitate extensive cleaning.
A method involving forming an insertion part on the concrete surface along a dividing line, cutting intersecting wires, and using a pressurizing mechanism to divide the concrete along the line, eliminating the need for separate reinforcing bar cutting by drilling holes and reducing noise, vibration, and dust.
The method effectively dismantles concrete members with embedded reinforcing bars while minimizing noise, vibration, and dust generation, and allows for easy removal of blocks without resistance from reinforcing bars.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for disassembling concrete members and the like.
Background Art
[0002] When disassembling plate-shaped concrete such as presser concrete that protects the waterproof layer on the floor structure of a building or the surface layer of the concrete of the floor structure and wall structure, an electric pick or a hand breaker is generally used.
[0003] However, in the disassembling method using an electric pick or a hand breaker, noise, vibration, dust, etc. are generated. When performing disassembling work while using the building, it is necessary to stop using a part of the area, perform strict curing, and perform careful cleaning after disassembling. There was also a risk of damaging the structure and finish outside the disassembling range.
[0004] On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, a continuous hole is drilled in the central part of the crushed and removed part of the wall or floor slab of reinforced concrete to form a free surface, and a hole for filling a crushing agent is drilled above the position of the reinforcing bars embedded in the crushed and removed part. After that, an expansive crushing agent is filled into the hole for filling the crushing agent, and a method for crushing concrete for creating a planned opening using the expansive crushing agent is described.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0005]
Patent Document 1
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0006] By the method of Patent Document 1, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of noise, vibration, and dust during disassembly. However, in the method of Patent Document 1, the reinforcing bars inside the concrete member may hinder crushing, and in that case, a process of cutting the reinforcing bars separately is required.
[0007] This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a demolition method, etc., that can suitably dismantle concrete members in which reinforcing bars, etc., are embedded. [Means for solving the problem]
[0008] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention provides a demolition method for dismantling a concrete member in which wire reinforcement is embedded, by dividing it along a dividing line set on the surface of the concrete member in the direction of extension of the wire, comprising: (a) forming an insertion part for inserting a pressurizing mechanism on the dividing line on the surface and simultaneously cutting the wire intersecting the dividing line; and (b) inserting the pressurizing mechanism into the insertion part and applying pressure with the pressurizing mechanism to push the block surrounded by the dividing line and the free surface toward the free surface, thereby dividing the concrete along the dividing line.
[0009] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention provides a method for dismantling a concrete member in which a wire reinforcing material is embedded, by dividing it along a dividing line set on the surface of the concrete member along the extension direction of the wire, wherein on the dividing line on the surface wedge-type hydraulic crusher Insert It is a perforated hole. Insertion part by drilling from only one side of the concrete member. The process of forming and simultaneously cutting the wire that intersects the dividing line (a), and the insertion part wedge-type hydraulic crusher Insert the above Hydraulic crusher The demolition method is characterized by comprising the step (b) of applying pressure to push the block surrounded by the dividing line and the free surface toward the free surface, thereby dividing the concrete along the dividing line.
[0010] The reinforcing material is, for example, a reinforcing bar, and it is also desirable to use a reinforcing bar detector before step (a) to detect the depth of the reinforcing bar from the surface and the position of the reinforcing bar on the surface. By knowing the reinforcement bar placement information in advance, it is possible to reliably cut the reinforcing bars when forming the insertion section.
[0011] The concrete member is, for example, a horizontal plate-shaped member. The demolition method of the present invention is particularly suitable for demolishing horizontal plate-shaped members, as it demolishes concrete members into block-like pieces, thus eliminating the need for measures to prevent blocks from falling.
[0012] In step (a) above, it is desirable that holes be provided as insertion portions at positions corresponding to each of the multiple wires that intersect the dividing line. This allows a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher or similar device to be inserted into the hole and used to demolish the concrete structure. Furthermore, by creating a hole for inserting the pressurizing mechanism and simultaneously cutting the reinforcing bars, it eliminates the need to separately cut the reinforcing bars by drilling holes in the concrete structure. [Effects of the Invention]
[0014] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a demolition method that can suitably dismantle concrete members in which reinforcing bars or the like are embedded. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0015] [Figure 1] A diagram showing concrete member 1. [Figure 2] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 3] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 4] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 5] A diagram showing a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher 8. [Figure 6] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 7] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 8] A diagram showing plate jack 10. [Figure 9] A diagram illustrating the method for dismantling concrete member 1. [Figure 10] A diagram for explaining a method of disassembling the concrete member 1. [Figure 11] A diagram for explaining a method of disassembling the concrete member 1.
Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention
[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0017] [First Embodiment] FIG. 1(a) is a view showing the surface of the concrete member 1 to be disassembled by the disassembling method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is a view showing a cross-section in the thickness direction of the concrete member 1 along the line A-A in FIG. 1(a).
[0018] In the present embodiment, the concrete member 1 is the above-mentioned pressing concrete which is a horizontal plate-like member, and inside it, reinforcing bars 5 which are reinforcing materials made of wire rods are embedded. The reinforcing bars 5 are arranged in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern, and the extending directions of these reinforcing bars 5 are orthogonal to the thickness direction of the concrete member 1. The reinforcing bars 5 are, for example, wire mesh bars, but are not limited thereto.
[0019] Reference numeral 2 in FIG. 1(a) indicates the disassembling range of the concrete member 1 on the surface of the concrete member 1 (the surface along the extending direction of the reinforcing bars 5). In the present embodiment, the disassembling range 2 is rectangular on the surface of the concrete member 1.
[0020] When disassembling the concrete member 1, first, a search is performed on the surface of the concrete member 1 by a reinforcing bar detector S (see FIG. 1(b)) to detect the depth of the reinforcing bars 5 from the surface and the positions of the reinforcing bars 5 on the surface. The reinforcing bar detector S is, for example, of an electromagnetic wave radar type, but is not limited thereto.
[0021] Subsequently, as shown in Figure 2(a), a free surface 4 is formed along the outer perimeter of the demolition area 2. In this embodiment, the concrete member 1 is continuously drilled along two adjacent sides of the outer perimeter of the demolition area 2 using small-diameter core boring or the like, and the wall surface of the continuous hole 3 is made into the free surface 4. As shown in Figure 2(b), when drilling the concrete member 1, the reinforcing bars 5 inside the hole are cut. Figure 2(b) is a diagram showing a cross-section along line AA in Figure 2(a).
[0022] Next, based on the reinforcement information (depth and position of the reinforcing bars 5) detected by the rebar detector S and the block size when the concrete member 1 is demolished, concrete division lines 6 are set on the surface of the concrete member 1, as shown in Figure 3. The block size is determined by site conditions and construction conditions, for example, to make the divided blocks large enough to be transported by hand. In the example in Figure 3, three division lines 6 parallel to the vertical free surface 4 and three division lines 6 parallel to the horizontal free surface 4 are set in a grid pattern on the surface of the concrete member 1 so that the concrete in the demolition area 2 can be divided into nine blocks.
[0023] Once the division line 6 is set, the blocks enclosed by the division line 6 or the free surface 4 in Figure 3 are divided sequentially. In this embodiment, the division is carried out sequentially starting from the blocks closest to the free surface 4, and the division of the block in the upper left corner of Figure 3, where two sides are free surfaces 4, is performed first.
[0024] The block is divided using a hydraulic crusher, which will be described later. Here, as shown in Figure 4(a), a hole 7 (insertion part) for inserting the hydraulic crusher is first formed by drilling a hole from the surface of the concrete member 1. The position of the hole 7 on the surface of the concrete member 1 is determined to be on the dividing line 6 and to coincide with the position of the reinforcing bar 5 that intersects the dividing line 6.
[0025] The reinforcing bars 5 that intersect with the dividing line 6 are cut simultaneously with the formation of the hole 7. Figure 4(b) shows a cross-section of the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction along line BB in Figure 4(a), with the position R of the reinforcing bars to be cut indicated by a dashed line.
[0026] For drilling the holes 7, a method that allows for quiet cutting of the reinforcing bars 5, such as small-diameter core boring, is used. The holes 7 are formed at positions corresponding to each of the multiple reinforcing bars 5 that intersect the dividing line 6, and the formation of the holes 7 cuts all of the reinforcing bars 5 that intersect the dividing line 6.
[0027] The hole 7 is formed in the thickness direction of the concrete member 1 from the surface of the concrete member 1. It is desirable that its depth D be greater than the depth of the reinforcing bar 5 to be cut and at least half the thickness of the concrete member 1 to be demolished in order to cause cracks as described later. The hole 7 can also be formed to penetrate the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction.
[0028] Note that the dividing line 6 is not limited to the example in Figure 4(a); for example, it may be set directly above the reinforcing bar 5 in the direction of its extension. In this case as well, the hole 7 is positioned to cut the reinforcing bar 5 that intersects with the dividing line 6. As a result, the hole 7 is formed at the intersection of the vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars 5, and the intersecting reinforcing bars 5 are cut simultaneously with the formation of the hole 7.
[0029] After forming holes 7 in the concrete member 1 in this manner, the concrete of the concrete member 1 is divided using a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher 8 shown in Figure 5(a). The hydraulic crusher 8 is a small, rod-shaped pressurizing mechanism having a wedge-shaped wedge portion 81 and a blade portion 82 at its end. As shown in Figure 5(b), by pushing the wedge portion 81 toward the tip using hydraulic pressure, the blade portions 82 on both sides of the wedge portion 81 can be spread outwards.
[0030] The ends of the hydraulic crushers 8 are inserted into each of the holes 7 on the dividing line 6, and the wedge portion 81 of each hydraulic crusher 8 is pushed in to spread the blade portion 82. This applies pressure from the holes 7 to the free surface 4 side and the opposite side of the free surface 4, as shown by arrow C in Figure 6. In this embodiment, pressure is applied simultaneously from the hydraulic crushers 8 inserted into each hole 7, but it is also possible to apply pressure sequentially from each hydraulic crusher 8.
[0031] As a result, the concrete block enclosed by the dividing line 6 and the free surface 4 is pushed towards the free surface 4 by the reaction force from the concrete on the opposite side of the free surface 4. This causes a crack 9 to form along the dividing line 6, penetrating the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction, as shown in Figure 7(a), and the block enclosed by the free surface 4 and the crack 9 is separated from the remaining concrete.
[0032] In this embodiment, since the reinforcing bars 5 in the direction intersecting the dividing line 6 are pre-cut by the holes 7, the reinforcing bars 5 do not act as resistance when pressurized by the hydraulic crusher 8, and cracks 9 with sufficient width and depth can be generated.
[0033] Thus, as shown in Figure 7(a), after dividing the block closest to the free surface 4, the cracked wall surface is used as a new free surface 4a, and the procedure from Figure 4(a) onward is repeated. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7(b), the demolition area 2 (see Figure 1(a)) can be divided into nine blocks. These blocks can be removed each time a block is divided, or they can be removed all at once after all blocks have been divided.
[0034] In this embodiment, the concrete member 1 is dismantled by pushing the concrete block toward the free surface 4 and dividing the concrete along the dividing line 6. However, when forming the hole 7 for inserting the hydraulic crusher 8 on the surface of the concrete member 1, the reinforcing bars 5 that intersect the dividing line 6 are cut. This allows the concrete member 1 to be easily dismantled without encountering resistance from the reinforcing bars 5 when pushing out the block. Furthermore, by dividing the concrete under pressure, noise, vibration, and dust generation during dismantling can be suppressed.
[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the holes 7 used for pressurizing by the hydraulic crusher 8 can also be used for cutting the reinforcing bars 5, eliminating the need to separately cut the reinforcing bars 5 by drilling holes in the concrete member 1 or the like.
[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by obtaining information on the arrangement of the reinforcing bars 5 in advance using the reinforcing bar detector S, the reinforcing bars 5 can be reliably cut when forming the holes 7.
[0037] However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, in this embodiment, the concrete member 1 to be demolished is a concrete retaining layer for a waterproofing layer, but it is not limited to this, and may be other horizontal plate-shaped members such as slab concrete for a floor structure or foundation concrete for equipment, machinery, etc. Furthermore, the concrete member 1 is not limited to a horizontal plate-shaped member, but may also be a vertical plate-shaped member such as a wall. However, in this case, measures to prevent blocks from falling would be necessary, and there is an advantage in that such measures are not necessary when demolishing retaining concrete, etc. Also, in this embodiment, the entire thickness of the concrete member 1 is targeted for demolition, but the demolition method of this embodiment can also be applied when demolishing only a part of the thickness of the concrete member 1.
[0038] Furthermore, the reinforcing bars 5 may be arranged in two layers, upper and lower. In this case, holes 7 are formed in each of the upper and lower layers of reinforcing bars 5 at a position and depth that allows for the cutting of the reinforcing bars 5 that intersect with the dividing line 6. The depth and position of the reinforcing bars 5 in each layer can also be detected by the reinforcing bar detector S.
[0039] In this embodiment, all reinforcing bars 5 intersecting the dividing line 6 are cut when the hole 7 is formed. However, if it is expected that cutting some of the reinforcing bars 5 will generate cracks 9 of sufficient width and depth, it is also possible to cut only some of the reinforcing bars 5 at the same time as forming the hole 7, and cut the remaining reinforcing bars 5 after the cracks 9 have formed.
[0040] In this embodiment, pressurization was performed by the hydraulic crusher 8 from all holes 7, but depending on the thickness of the concrete member 1 in the demolition area 2, pressurization may be performed from only some of the holes 7. For example, if the spacing between the reinforcing bars 5 intersecting the division line 6 is small and the spacing between the holes 7 is small, pressurization by the hydraulic crusher 8 may be performed at every few holes 7. Also, if the spacing between the reinforcing bars 5 intersecting the division line 6 is large, additional holes may be drilled in positions that do not overlap with the reinforcing bars 5 and used for pressurization by the hydraulic crusher 8.
[0041] Furthermore, the shape and size of the demolition area 2 are not limited to those described above. If the outer perimeter of the demolition area 2 is already a free surface 4, the process of forming the free surface 4 using the continuous holes 3 can be omitted for that portion. Moreover, the method of forming the free surface 4 is not limited to using the continuous holes 3. For example, it is also possible to form the free surface 4 by cutting the concrete member 1 with a concrete cutter.
[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the position and depth of the reinforcing bars 5 are detected by prior reinforcing bar detection using the reinforcing bar detector S. However, there are cases where reinforcing bar detection is unnecessary, such as when this reinforcement information is known in advance.
[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, reinforcing bars 5 are embedded in the concrete member 1, but the reinforcing material embedded in the concrete member 1 is not limited to reinforcing bars 5.
[0044] Furthermore, the configuration of the hydraulic crusher 8 is not limited to the one described above; any device that can be inserted into the hole 7 and pressurized is acceptable. For example, as disclosed in Figure 7 of Japanese Patent No. 6411031, a protruding portion provided on a rod-shaped body may be made to protrude to the outside of the body by hydraulic pressure.
[0045] Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism used for breaking up concrete is not limited to a hydraulic crusher. Below, another example of the present invention, in which the pressurizing mechanism used for breaking up concrete differs, will be described as a second embodiment. The differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment will be described, and similar components will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the figures, etc., and their descriptions will be omitted.
[0046] [Second Embodiment] The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it uses a plate jack 10, illustrated in Figure 8(a), to dismantle the concrete member 1. The plate jack 10 is a small, plate-shaped pressurizing mechanism formed by welding the outer periphery of two metal plates 101 together to form a bag-like structure. An example of such a mechanism is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-8601, etc.
[0047] The plate jack 10 is also provided with an inlet 102 for supplying fluid to the inside of the two metal plates 101. By supplying fluid such as water through the inlet 102, the two metal plates 101 bulge outwards and expand, as shown in Figure 8(b).
[0048] When demolishing concrete member 1, first, as in the first embodiment, the reinforcement information inside concrete member 1 is obtained, a free surface 4 is formed, and then the division line 6 is set. In this embodiment as well, the free surface 4 is formed and the division line 6 is set as in Figure 3, and first, the division work is performed on the block in the upper left corner of Figure 3, where two sides are free surfaces 4.
[0049] Here, as shown in Figure 9(a), a slit 11 (insertion part) for inserting the plate jack 10 is first formed by cutting the concrete from the surface of the concrete member 1. The position of the slit 11 on the surface of the concrete member 1 is along the division line 6, and all reinforcing bars 5 intersecting the division line 6 are cut simultaneously with the formation of the slit 11. Figure 9(b) is a diagram showing a vertical cross-section along line EE in Figure 9(a), and the position R of the reinforcing bars 5 that are cut simultaneously with the formation of the slit 11 is indicated by a dashed line. A machine capable of cutting reinforcing bars 5, such as a concrete cutter, is used to form the slit 11.
[0050] The slit 11 is formed in the thickness direction of the concrete member 1 from the surface of the concrete member 1. It is desirable that its depth D be greater than the depth of the reinforcing bar 5 to be cut, and also at least 3 / 10 of the thickness of the concrete member 1 to be demolished, in order to cause cracks as described later.
[0051] After forming the slits 11 in the concrete member 1 in this manner, plate jacks 10 are inserted into the vertical and horizontal slits 11, and by spreading these plate jacks 10, pressure is applied from the slits 11 toward the free surface 4 and the opposite side of the free surface 4, as shown by arrow C in Figure 10(a). In this embodiment, pressure is applied simultaneously from the plate jacks 10 inserted into the vertical and horizontal slits 11, but it is also possible to apply pressure sequentially from these plate jacks 10. Furthermore, it is not necessary to insert the plate jacks 10 along the entire length of the slit 11; plate jacks 10 shorter than the length of the slit 11 may be shifted several times in the direction of extension of the slit 11, and pressure may be applied each time.
[0052] As a result, the concrete block surrounded by the dividing line 6 and the free surface 4 is pushed towards the free surface 4 by the reaction force from the concrete on the opposite side of the free surface 4, causing the slit 11 to widen and a crack to penetrate the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction, as shown in Figure 10(b). Figure 10(b) is a view of a cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the slit 11. The plate jack 10 is not shown in Figure 10(a).
[0053] As a result, as shown in Figure 11(a), the block surrounded by the free surface 4 and the crack 9 that has formed along the dividing line 6 is separated from the remaining concrete. In this embodiment, since the reinforcing bars 5 in the direction intersecting the dividing line 6 are pre-cut by the slit 11, the reinforcing bars 5 do not act as resistance when pressurized by the plate jack 10, and cracks 9 with sufficient width and depth can be generated.
[0054] Thus, as shown in Figure 11(a), the block closest to the free surface 4 is divided, and the cracked wall surface is used as a new free surface 4a, and the procedure from Figure 9(a) onward is repeated. In this way, in this embodiment as well, as shown in Figure 11(b), the demolition area 2 (see Figure 1(a)) can be divided into nine blocks.
[0055] In the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained by cutting the reinforcing bars 5 that intersect the dividing line 6 at the same time as forming the slit 11. In addition, since the cut surface of the slit 11 is smooth, it does not take much effort to repair the cut surface of the remaining concrete member 1 after demolition.
[0056] Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications or alterations can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed herein, and these will naturally also fall within the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]
[0057] 1: Concrete member 2: Demolition scope 3: Continuous holes 4, 4a: Free surface 5: Reinforcement bars 6: Divide Line 7: Hole 8: Hydraulic crusher 9: Cracks 10: Plate jack 11: Slit
Claims
1. A concrete member with embedded wire reinforcement, A demolition method for dismantling a concrete member by dividing it along a dividing line set on the surface of the concrete member along the extension direction of the wire, The process (a) involves drilling an insertion hole, which is a hole for inserting a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher, into the dividing line on the surface, from only one side of the concrete member, and simultaneously cutting the wire that intersects the dividing line, (b) A step in which a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher is inserted into the insertion part, and pressure is applied by the hydraulic crusher to push the block surrounded by the dividing line and the free surface toward the free surface, thereby dividing the concrete along the dividing line, A dismantling method characterized by comprising the following:
2. The aforementioned reinforcing material is steel reinforcement, The demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, prior to step (a), a rebar detector is used to detect the depth of the rebar from the surface and the position of the rebar on the surface.
3. The demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete member is a horizontal plate-shaped member.
4. The dismantling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in step (a), holes are provided as insertion parts at positions corresponding to each of the plurality of wires that intersect the dividing line.