Terminals, wireless communication methods, base stations and systems

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a reception unit which receives information relating to a reference carrier; and a control unit which performs a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier on the basis of the information, and performs a second Doppler correction on a carrier other than the reference carrier on the basis of the information and the first Doppler correction. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, Doppler correction can be appropriately performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. 、 base station and system and is related thereto.

Background Art

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized for the purpose of further high-speed data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, for the purpose of further large capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9), LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized.

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also under consideration.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0005] NR is envisioned to utilize beams transmitted from transmission points (e.g., Remote Radio Heads (RRHs)) placed along the path of a moving object (e.g., a train) in order to achieve wireless communication in a fast-moving object.

[0006] Furthermore, future wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G) are expected to utilize frequencies higher than existing frequencies (e.g., Rel. 15 / 16 / 17).

[0007] However, there has been insufficient consideration of methods for Doppler correction of UEs / base stations when utilizing the high frequencies introduced in future wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G) in environments where UEs are moving at high speeds.

[0008] Therefore, this disclosure relates to a terminal capable of appropriately performing Doppler correction and a wireless communication method. 、 base station and system One of the objectives is to provide [this]. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A terminal relating to one aspect of this disclosure is Set from the base station Standard carrier This indicates A receiving unit that receives information, and based on the information, the reference carrier The aforementioned reference carrier Perform the first Doppler correction in ,before Doppler correction for the first time As a result The system includes a control unit that performs a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, appropriate Doppler correction can be performed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are diagrams showing an example of communication between a mobile body and a transmission point (e.g., RRH). [Figure 2] FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams showing an example of schemes 0 to 2 regarding SFN. [Figure 3] FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are diagrams showing an example of scheme 1. [Figure 4] FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams showing an example of a NW pre-compensation scheme. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of mapping of reference signals. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of Doppler correction / carrier frequency calculation according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a combination of a plurality of carriers / bands according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0012] (HST) In LTE, the placement of HST (high-speed train) antennas in tunnels is challenging. Large antennas transmit both inside and outside the tunnel. For example, the transmission power of a large antenna is around 1 to 5W. For handover purposes, it is important for the UE to transmit outside the tunnel before entering it. For example, the transmission power of a small antenna is around 250mW. Multiple small antennas (transmitting and receiving points) with the same cell ID and a distance of 300m form a single frequency network (SFN). All small antennas within the SFN transmit the same signal on the same PRB at the same time. It is assumed that the terminal transmits and receives to a single base station. In reality, multiple transmitting and receiving points transmit the same DL signal. During high-speed movement, transmitting and receiving points spanning several kilometers form a single cell. Handover occurs when crossing cells. This can reduce the frequency of handovers.

[0013] NR is expected to utilize beams transmitted from a transmission point (e.g., RRH) to communicate with terminals (hereinafter also referred to as UEs) contained within high-speed moving objects such as trains (HSTs). Existing systems (e.g., Rel.15) support the transmission of a unidirectional beam from the RRH to communicate with moving objects (see Figure 1A).

[0014] Figure 1A shows a case where RRHs are installed along the movement path (or direction of movement, direction of travel, or travel path) of a moving object, and a beam is formed from each RRH toward the direction of travel of the moving object. RRHs that form a beam in one direction may also be called unidirectional RRHs. In the example shown in Figure 1A, the moving object has a negative Doppler shift (-f) from each RRH. D )

[0015] Here, we show the case where the beam is formed on the side in the direction of travel of the moving object, but this is not limited to this case. The beam may also be formed on the side opposite to the direction of travel, or it may be formed in any direction regardless of the direction of travel of the moving object.

[0016] From Rel.16 onwards, it is anticipated that multiple beams (e.g., two or more) may be transmitted from the RRH. For example, beams may be formed in both the direction of the moving object's movement and the opposite direction (see Figure 1B).

[0017] Figure 1B shows a case where RRHs are installed along the movement path of a moving object, and beams are formed from each RRH both in the direction of the object's movement and in the opposite direction of its movement. An RRH that forms beams in multiple directions (e.g., two directions) may also be called a bidirectional RRH.

[0018] In HST, the UE communicates in the same way as a single TRP. In base station implementations, transmission can be made from multiple TRPs (same cell ID).

[0019] In the example in Figure 1B, when two RRHs (here, RRH#1 and RRH#2) use SFN, the moving object switches from a signal with a negative Doppler shift to a signal with a positive Doppler shift, where the power is higher, midway between the two RRHs. In this case, the maximum range of Doppler shift that requires correction is -f D from +f D This represents a change to a 2x increase compared to the case of unidirectional RRH.

[0020] In this disclosure, a positive Doppler shift may be interpreted as information relating to a positive Doppler shift, a Doppler shift in the positive direction, or Doppler information in the positive direction. Similarly, a negative Doppler shift may be interpreted as information relating to a negative Doppler shift, a Doppler shift in the negative direction, or Doppler information in the negative direction.

[0021] Here, we compare the following schemes for HST, from Scheme 0 to Scheme 2 (HST Scheme 0 to HST Scheme 2).

[0022] In Scheme 0 of Figure 2A, the tracking reference signal (TRS), DMRS, and PDSCH are transmitted to two TRPs (RRHs) in common (using the same time and frequency resources) (normal SFN, transparent SFN, HST-SFN).

[0023] In Scheme 0, since the UE receives DL channels / signals with a single TRP equivalent, the TCI state of the PDSCH is 1.

[0024] Furthermore, Rel.16 specifies RRC parameters for distinguishing between transmissions using single TRP and transmissions using SFN. When a UE reports the corresponding UE capability information, it may distinguish between receiving a single TRP DL channel / signal and receiving a PDSCH assuming SFN based on these RRC parameters. On the other hand, a UE may perform transmission and reception using SFN while assuming a single TRP.

[0025] In Scheme 1 of Figure 2B, TRS is transmitted TRP-specifically (using different time / frequency resources depending on the TRP). In this example, TRS1 is transmitted from TRP#1 and TRS2 is transmitted from TRP#2.

[0026] In Scheme 1, the UE receives DL channels / signals from each TRP using the TRS from each TRP, so there are two TCI states for the PDSCH.

[0027] In Scheme 2 of Figure 2C, TRS and DMRS are transmitted specifically by the TRP. In this example, TRS1 and DMRS1 are transmitted from TRP#1, and TRS2 and DMRS2 are transmitted from TRP#2. Compared to Scheme 0, Schemes 1 and 2 can suppress abrupt changes in the Doppler shift and appropriately estimate / guarantee the Doppler shift. Since the DMRS in Scheme 2 is higher than that in Scheme 1, the maximum throughput of Scheme 2 is lower than that of Scheme 1.

[0028] In Scheme 0, the UE switches between single TRP and SFN based on upper-layer signaling (RRC information element / MAC CE).

[0029] The UE may switch between Scheme 1 / Scheme 2 / NW pre-compensation schemes based on upper-layer signaling (RRC information elements / MAC CE).

[0030] In Scheme 1, two TRS resources are configured for the direction of travel of the HST and its opposite direction.

[0031] In the example in Figure 3A, TRPs (TRP#0, #2, ...) that transmit DL signals in the reverse direction of the HST transmit the first TRS (TRS arriving in front of the HST) on the same time and frequency resource (SFN). TRPs (TRP#1, #3, ...) that transmit DL signals in the direction of the HST transmit the second TRS (TRS arriving behind the HST) on the same time and frequency resource (SFN). The first and second TRSs may be transmitted / received using different frequency resources.

[0032] In the example shown in Figure 3B, TRS1-1 to 1-4 are transmitted as the first TRS, and TRS2-1 to 2-4 are transmitted as the second TRS.

[0033] Considering beam operation, the first TRS is transmitted using 64 beams and 64 time resources, and the second TRS is transmitted using 64 beams and 64 time resources. The beams of the first TRS and the beams of the second TRS are considered to be equal (equal QCL type D RS). Resource utilization efficiency can be increased by multiplexing the first and second TRS on the same time resources and different frequency resources.

[0034] In the example shown in Figure 4A, RRHs #0-#7 are positioned along the HST's travel path. RRHs #0-#3 and #4-#7 are connected to baseband units (BBUs) #0 and #1, respectively. Each RRH is a bidirectional RRH, forming a beam using each transmission / reception point (TRP) in both the direction of travel and the reverse direction of the travel path.

[0035] In the received signal of the example in Figure 4B (single TRP (SFN) / scheme 1), when the UE receives a signal / channel (the beam in the direction of travel of the HST, the beam from behind the UE) transmitted from TRP#2n-1 (where n is a non-negative integer), there is a negative Doppler shift (in this example, -f D ) occurs. Also, when the UE receives a signal / channel transmitted from TRP#2n (where n is a non-negative integer) (the beam in the opposite direction of the HST's direction of travel, the beam from in front of the UE), a positive Doppler shift (in this example, +f) occurs. D ) will occur.

[0036] Since Rel.17, the practice of performing Doppler shift correction (compensation) (also known as Doppler Compensation, Pre-Doppler Compensation, Doppler pre-Compensation, Network (NW) pre-compensation scheme, HST NW pre-compensation scheme) in the transmission of downlink (DL) signals / channels from the TRP to the UE via the HST has been considered. By performing Doppler correction in advance when transmitting DL signals / channels to the UE, the TRP can reduce the impact of Doppler shift when receiving DL signals / channels at the UE. In this disclosure, the NW pre-compensation scheme may be a combination of scheme 1 and pre-compensation of Doppler shift by the base station.

[0037] In Rel.17 and later, it is being considered that TRS signals from each TRP will be transmitted without Doppler correction, while PDSCH signals from each TRP will be transmitted with Doppler correction.

[0038] In the NW pre-compensation scheme, TRPs that form a beam on the direction of travel of the travel path and TRPs that form a beam on the opposite direction of travel of the travel path perform Doppler correction before transmitting DL signals / channels to UEs within the HST. In this example, TRP#2n-1 performs positive Doppler correction, and TRP#2n performs negative Doppler correction to reduce the effect of Doppler shift when the UE receives the signal / channel (Figure 4C).

[0039] In the situation shown in Figure 4C, since the UE receives DL channels / signals from each TRP using the TRS from each TRP, the TCI state of the PDSCH may be two.

[0040] (analysis) Future wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G) are expected to utilize even higher frequencies and wider bandwidths than 5G (e.g., Rel.15 / 16 / 17) to further improve communication speed, capacity, reliability, and latency performance.

[0041] Furthermore, to improve communication speed, it is anticipated that carrier aggregation (CA) / dual connectivity (DC), including higher frequencies that will be expanded in future wireless communication systems, will be implemented.

[0042] In addition, further increases in the speed of transportation (for example, maglev trains) are being considered, and the introduction of transportation systems that exceed existing operating speeds is anticipated.

[0043] In other words, future wireless communication systems may perform CA / DC in environments exceeding existing (expected) operating speeds.

[0044] One factor that affects the communication quality of an UE is Doppler. This Doppler can be calculated using the formula: (Doppler) = (UE's speed) × (carrier frequency) / (speed of light).

[0045] The UE performs Doppler correction based on the reception results of the reference signal at two different timings.

[0046] If there is no phase difference between the two reference signals, the UE determines that there is no Doppler variation.

[0047] If there is a phase difference between the two reference signals, the UE performs Doppler correction based on that phase difference.

[0048] If the phase difference exceeds 180° or -180°, the phase rotation cannot be measured. Therefore, if the time interval (period) between the two reference signals is greater than a certain value, Doppler correction becomes impossible. Specifically, if the phase difference exceeds 180° or -180°, the phase rotation θ can be θ + 360 × n (°) (where n is any integer), making Doppler correction impossible.

[0049] Similarly, from a frequency perspective, Doppler correction becomes impossible when the Doppler variation exceeds a certain frequency (e.g., 1 / (2 × time interval of the reference signal)). Specifically, with a period of 4 symbols and a subcarrier interval of 120 kHz (see Figure 5), Doppler correction (Doppler estimation) cannot be performed if the frequency of the reference signal exceeds 14000 Hz.

[0050] As mentioned above, future wireless communication systems that utilize higher frequency bands than those used previously will be more susceptible to the effects of Doppler.

[0051] For example, in an HST environment (for instance, an environment where the UE moves at high speed (e.g., approximately 500 km / h)), Doppler correction can be properly applied to frequencies used in existing wireless communication systems. On the other hand, it is anticipated that Doppler correction may not be properly applied to frequencies higher than existing frequencies that will be used in future wireless communication systems.

[0052] Therefore, in environments where UEs are moving at high speeds, even if CA / DC is performed including higher frequencies that will be extended in future wireless communication systems, the improvement in communication speed may be limited. In other words, in environments where UEs are moving at high speeds, if CA / DC is performed including higher frequencies that will be extended in future wireless communication systems, communication may be possible on existing frequency carriers, but communication may not be possible on the higher frequencies that will be extended in future wireless communication systems.

[0053] Methods for Doppler correction for extended frequencies in future wireless communication systems have not been adequately considered. Insufficient consideration of these methods may hinder improvements in communication speed, capacity, reliability, and latency performance, potentially leading to a decrease in communication throughput.

[0054] Therefore, the inventors conceived of a method for Doppler correction when using frequencies higher than existing frequencies.

[0055] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0056] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0057] In this disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operable may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0058] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Element (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0059] In this disclosure, the upper-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0060] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0061] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0062] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0063] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) groups, PUCCH resource groups, resources (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources), resource sets (e.g., reference signal resource sets), CORESET pools, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumptions, QCL relationships, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0064] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information Identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. "Spatial relationship information" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive as "a set of spatial relationship information," "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0065] In this disclosure, frequency, frequency band, bandwidth (band), operating band, bandwidth, bandwidth portion (BWP), carrier, frequency range, component carrier (CC), cell, combination of bands, combination of carriers, pair of bands, and pair of carriers may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0066] In this disclosure, the first frequency / carrier may mean, for example, a frequency / carrier defined in an existing specification (e.g., NR (Rel. 15 / 16 / 17)). In this disclosure, the second frequency / carrier may mean, for example, a frequency / carrier introduced / extended in a future wireless communication system (e.g., 6G).

[0067] In this disclosure, the first frequency / carrier primarily refers to a frequency / carrier defined in an existing specification (e.g., NR (Rel. 15 / 16 / 17)), and the second frequency / carrier primarily refers to a frequency / carrier introduced / extended in a future wireless communication system (e.g., 6G). However, these are merely examples, and the first and second frequencies / carriers are not limited to these.

[0068] For example, in this disclosure, the first frequency / carrier may be a frequency / carrier smaller than a certain threshold. In this disclosure, the second frequency / carrier may be a frequency / carrier larger than a certain threshold. The certain threshold may be predefined in the specification or set for the UE.

[0069] In this disclosure, channel, signal, reference signal (RS), and channel / signal may be interpreted as interchangeable. In this disclosure, DL channel, DL signal, DL channel / signal, DL channel / signal reception, DL reception, DL channel / signal transmission, and DL transmission may be interpreted as interchangeable. In this disclosure, UL channel, UL signal, UL channel / signal, UL channel / signal reception, UL reception, UL channel / signal transmission, and UL transmission may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0070] In this disclosure, Doppler, Doppler variation, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, Doppler correction, Doppler compensation, Doppler estimation, Doppler frequency, Doppler amount, Doppler value, and parameters related to Doppler may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0071] (Wireless communication method) The UE may communicate using multiple carriers. For example, the UE may be configured with CA / DC.

[0072] In the embodiments described below, the entity performing Doppler correction may be a UE or a base station. In the embodiments described below, the case in which a UE performs operations related to Doppler correction will be mainly described, but "UE" may be read as "base station" as appropriate.

[0073] For example, the UE may use the DL channel / signal to perform Doppler correction. The UE may apply Doppler correction to at least one of the reception of the DL channel / signal and the transmission of the UL channel / signal.

[0074] For example, a base station may use the UL channel / signal to perform Doppler correction. The base station may apply Doppler correction to at least one of the transmission of the DL channel / signal and the reception of the UL channel / signal.

[0075] The calculation of the Doppler amount at the UE / base station may be based on the reception results of the reference signal at two different timings.

[0076] The reference signal used for estimating / calculating the Doppler quantity (Doppler estimation) may be any DL / UL reference signal.

[0077] The DL reference signal may be, for example, at least one of the following: Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), Synchronization Signal, SS / PBCH block, or any other DL reference signal.

[0078] The UL reference signal may be a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), or any other type of UL reference signal.

[0079] In this disclosure, Doppler correction by the UE (e.g., Doppler correction in the first embodiment below) may be applied in combination with Doppler correction by the base station (e.g., Doppler correction in the first embodiment below and at least one of the NW pre-compensation scheme). This combination may be applied, for example, only to the reference carrier below.

[0080] Information / parameter notifications in each embodiment of this disclosure may be set / activated / instructed / notified to the UE by upper layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE), physical layer signaling (DCI), and combinations thereof.

[0081] The notification of information / parameters in each embodiment of this disclosure may be based on reported UE Capability information.

[0082] In this disclosure, information may be set to the UE to enable / disable functions relating to the first / second embodiments.

[0083] <First Embodiment> The UE may perform at least one of the following based on a specific carrier (which may also be called a reference carrier): Doppler correction for that specific carrier and Doppler correction for carriers other than that specific carrier.

[0084] For example, the specific carrier in question may be a carrier included in the first carrier. Other carriers may be carriers included in both the first and second carriers.

[0085] The UE may perform Doppler correction on a specific carrier (reference carrier) based on that specific carrier. Furthermore, the UE may perform Doppler correction on carriers other than the specific carrier based on the results of the Doppler correction on that specific carrier.

[0086] The base station may configure / instruct the UE to perform Doppler correction for a specific carrier, and to perform Doppler correction for carriers other than the specific carrier.

[0087] The UE may perform Doppler correction according to the following steps 1 to 3 (see Figure 6): Step 1: The UE may perform Doppler correction on a specific carrier (reference). The UE may calculate the carrier frequency of that carrier. Step 2: The UE may calculate its moving speed using the Doppler correction value (amount) and the carrier frequency. Step 3: The UE may measure / calculate the Doppler of carriers other than the specific carrier. In this case, the frequency of the carriers other than the specific carrier may be calculated based on the measured / calculated Doppler and the UE's velocity.

[0088] In step 2, the UE may calculate its speed using the formula (speed) = (Doppler) × (speed of light) / (carrier frequency).

[0089] In step 3, the UE may calculate the frequencies of carriers other than the specific carrier in question using the formula (carrier frequency) = (Doppler) × (speed of light) / (movement speed). Since the UE's movement speed is the same for all carriers, the carrier frequency can be calculated using this formula.

[0090] According to steps 1 to 3 above, for example, if CA / DC is set for the UE, the UE can identify all carrier frequencies on which CA / DC is performed. In other words, by identifying the frequency of a specific carrier (for example, the lowest frequency among the carriers on which CA / DC is performed), it is possible to calculate the frequencies of carriers that exceed the limits of Doppler correction.

[0091] The UE may be configured / instructed by the network (base station) to perform Doppler correction in this embodiment. Such configuration / instruction may be configured / instructed using upper layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / physical layer signaling (DCI).

[0092] The UE may receive information from the base station regarding the specific carrier (reference carrier) mentioned above. This information may be configured / instructed using upper-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) or physical layer signaling (DCI).

[0093] Information regarding a specific carrier may include the carrier's frequency. The carrier's frequency may be indicated using at least one of the following: the carrier's operating band number, the carrier's center frequency, or a frequency raster.

[0094] Information about a specific carrier may be included in the RRC parameters used to configure CA / DC.

[0095] A specific carrier may be any carrier in any RAT (Radio Access Technology).

[0096] For example, if a DC (e.g., EN / NE-DC) is configured for a UE using a first RAT (e.g., LTE (E-UTRA)) and a second RAT (e.g., (NR)), a specific carrier may be a carrier in the first (or second) RAT.

[0097] For example, when a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, and the frequency of the carrier in the first RAT is specified, the specified carrier may be the carrier in the first RAT.

[0098] For example, when a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, and the frequency of the carrier in the second RAT is specified, the specified carrier may be the carrier in the second RAT.

[0099] For example, when a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, and the frequency of the carrier in the first RAT is specified, the specified carrier may also be a carrier in the second RAT.

[0100] For example, when a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, and the frequency of the carrier in the second RAT is specified, the specified carrier may be the carrier in the first RAT.

[0101] A specific carrier may be one or more carriers.

[0102] For example, if a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, the specific carrier may be multiple (e.g., two) carriers in the first RAT. This specific carrier may be used to identify the carrier frequencies in the first / second RAT.

[0103] For example, if a DC utilizing a first RAT and a second RAT is configured for a UE, the specific carrier may be multiple (e.g., two) carriers in the second RAT. This specific carrier may be used to identify the carrier frequencies in the first / second RAT.

[0104] For example, if a DC is configured for a UE using a first RAT and a second RAT, the specific carrier may be a combination (which may also be called a group / pair / set, etc.) of one or more carriers in the first RAT and one or more carriers in the second RAT. The specific carrier may be used to specify the carrier frequencies in the first / second RAT.

[0105] If multiple carriers are used for a particular carrier, for example, the UE may calculate the average of the UE's movement speeds calculated for each carrier in step 2 above.

[0106] By using multiple carriers for a specific carrier, the accuracy of calculating the UE's movement speed can be improved, and the accuracy of Doppler correction for carriers other than the specific carrier can also be improved.

[0107] A specific carrier may be a carrier with a frequency lower than a certain threshold.

[0108] For example, a particular carrier may be the lowest frequency carrier among multiple carriers set for the UE. Alternatively, for example, a particular carrier may be the lowest frequency carrier in each RAT.

[0109] A specific carrier may be determined based on the setting of a reference signal. This determination may be made by the base station. The UE may assume that a specific carrier will be set / instructed based on the setting of a reference signal.

[0110] The setting of the reference signal may be the time interval between reference signals, or the period of the reference signal.

[0111] For example, a base station may determine a RAT with high Doppler tolerance based on the settings of the reference signal. The base station may determine that a setting in which at least one of the time interval between reference signals and the period of the reference signal is short is a setting with high Doppler tolerance. The base station may notify the UE of the carrier in the RAT with the shortest time interval between reference signals or the shortest period of the reference signal among the multiple RATs set in the UE as a specific carrier.

[0112] If multiple specific carriers are set, the UE may use one of these carriers to identify the other carrier frequencies. In this case, if Doppler correction fails for that one carrier, the UE may decide to use another carrier to identify the carrier frequency.

[0113] For example, if the UE fails to perform Doppler correction based on the carriers in the first (or second) RAT, it may use the carriers in the second (or first) RAT to perform Doppler correction and identify the frequencies of other carriers.

[0114] A UE may configure multiple carrier / band combinations (which may also be called pairs / groups / sets, etc.) for a given carrier. A UE may configure one or more such combinations.

[0115] Figure 7 shows an example of multiple carrier / band combinations according to the first embodiment. In Figure 7, for example, if a CA using bands A to D is set for the UE, the UE may set the combination of bands A and B, and the combination of bands C and D as specific carriers.

[0116] For example, the carriers / bands included in a combination may have the same QCL relationship.

[0117] The carriers / bands included in a combination may be determined based on the physical distance between the base stations corresponding to those carriers / bands.

[0118] For example, the network may determine the carriers / bands included in a combination as carriers / bands corresponding to multiple (e.g., two) base stations that are physically close to each other. The UE may assume that the carriers / bands included in a combination are configured to correspond to multiple (e.g., two) base stations that are physically close to each other.

[0119] For example, the carrier / band combination may be a combination of a carrier / band corresponding to a base station located in a certain direction relative to the UE (first base station) and a carrier / band corresponding to a base station located in a different direction (second base station). In this case, the network may determine the first and second base stations based on physical distance, or the UE may determine them based on an index relating to the beam being used.

[0120] According to this method, the (relative) speed of the UE relative to each base station depends on the distance / angle between the base station and the UE, allowing for more accurate Doppler correction.

[0121] Furthermore, for example, the carrier / band included in the combination may be a combination of a carrier / band corresponding to a base station located at a distance greater than the first threshold (first base station) relative to the UE, and a carrier / band corresponding to a base station located at a distance less than the second threshold (second base station). In this case, the network may determine the first and second base stations based on physical distance, or the UE may determine them based on the received power / received quality of the reported channel / signal. The first and second thresholds may be the same value, or the first threshold may be greater than the second threshold.

[0122] According to the first embodiment described above, Doppler correction can be appropriately performed on any carrier using a reference carrier.

[0123] <Second Embodiment> The UE may receive information regarding whether or not to apply Doppler correction to the carrier.

[0124] This information may, for example, indicate whether the carrier meets the conditions related to a specific threshold.

[0125] The UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using the reference carrier if the reference carrier described in the first embodiment above is set and the reference carrier does not satisfy the conditions for the specific threshold.

[0126] Furthermore, the UE may assume that if a carrier does not meet the conditions related to a certain threshold, a reference carrier will not be set for that carrier.

[0127] Furthermore, the UE may assume that if multiple carriers are used (e.g., CA / DC), and one of these carriers does not meet the conditions related to a specific threshold, then no reference carrier is set.

[0128] The specific threshold in question may be, for example, a frequency threshold.

[0129] For example, the UE may determine, based on the frequency range (e.g., frequency range) that contains the set of multiple carriers, whether to apply Doppler correction using a reference carrier, and whether to set a reference carrier or not.

[0130] For example, if multiple carriers to be set fall within the same frequency range, the UE may decide to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those multiple carriers. For example, if multiple carriers to be set fall within the same frequency range, the UE may decide that at least one of those multiple carriers will be set as the reference carrier.

[0131] For example, if the multiple carriers to be set fall within different frequency ranges, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those multiple carriers. For example, if the multiple carriers to be set fall within different frequency ranges, the UE may decide that at least one of those multiple carriers will not be set as a reference carrier.

[0132] Furthermore, for example, the UE may determine, based on the frequency difference of multiple carriers that are set, whether to apply Doppler correction using a reference carrier, and whether or not to set a reference carrier.

[0133] For example, if the difference in frequencies of multiple carriers to be set is less than or equal to a certain value, the UE may decide to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those multiple carriers. For example, if the difference in frequencies of multiple carriers to be set is less than or equal to a certain value, the UE may decide that at least one of those multiple carriers will be set as the reference carrier.

[0134] For example, if the difference in frequencies of multiple carriers being set is greater than a certain value, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those multiple carriers. For example, if the difference in frequencies of multiple carriers being set is greater than a certain value, the UE may decide not to set at least one of those multiple carriers as a reference carrier.

[0135] The specific value may be predetermined in the specification, set in the UE using higher-layer signaling, or determined based on reported UE capability information. The specific value may be expressed in any frequency unit (e.g., MHz).

[0136] The specific threshold may, for example, be a threshold related to the measurement results in the UE. The measurement results may be the received power / received quality of the DL channel / RS (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR).

[0137] For example, the UE may determine, based on the measurement results for each of the set carriers, whether to apply Doppler correction using a reference carrier, and whether or not to set a reference carrier.

[0138] For example, if the measurement result for each of the set carriers is greater than a certain value, the UE may decide to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those carriers. For example, if the measurement result for each of the set carriers is greater than a certain value, the UE may decide to set at least one of those carriers as the reference carrier.

[0139] For example, if at least one of the measurement results of the set multiple carriers is below a certain value, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier for those multiple carriers. For example, if at least one of the measurement results of the set multiple carriers is below a certain value, the UE may decide not to set at least one of those multiple carriers as a reference carrier.

[0140] The specific threshold may be, for example, a threshold relating to Doppler. The threshold relating to Doppler may include at least one of the Doppler value, the moving velocity of the UE, and the carrier frequency.

[0141] For example, the UE may decide whether to apply Doppler correction based on Doppler thresholds for each of the multiple carriers that are set.

[0142] For example, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier if Doppler correction is not possible with respect to the set reference carrier. Whether or not Doppler correction is not possible may be determined based on at least one of the time interval between the reference signals, the UE's moving speed, and the carrier frequency.

[0143] For example, the UE may decide not to apply Doppler correction using a reference carrier if Doppler correction is possible based on the frequency of the highest-frequency carrier among the multiple carriers set (i.e., if the UE's moving speed is less than a certain value).

[0144] The specific threshold in question may be, for example, a threshold relating to the distance between base stations to which the UE is connected.

[0145] For example, a UE may decide whether to apply Doppler correction based on a threshold relating to the distance between multiple base stations to which the UE is connected.

[0146] For example, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier if the distance between the base stations is greater than a certain value. For example, the UE may decide not to set a reference carrier if the distance between the base stations is greater than a certain value.

[0147] For example, the UE may decide not to perform Doppler correction using a reference carrier if the distance between the base stations is less than or equal to a certain value. For example, the UE may decide not to set a reference carrier if the distance between the base stations is less than or equal to a certain value.

[0148] The specific value may be predetermined in the specification, set in the UE using higher-layer signaling, or determined based on reported UE capability information. The specific value may be expressed in any unit of distance (e.g., kilometers).

[0149] According to the second embodiment described above, the application of Doppler correction to the UE can be appropriately notified using information about a specific threshold.

[0150] <Supplement> At least one of the embodiments described above may apply only to a UE that has reported or supports a particular UE capability.

[0151] The specific UE capability may represent at least one of the following: • To support specific processing / operations / controls / information for at least one of the above embodiments (e.g., Doppler correction using a reference carrier, decisions regarding Doppler correction based on information about a specific threshold). • To support the expanded frequencies used in future wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G). • The number of carriers supported.

[0152] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., cell, band, BWP), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0153] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0154] Furthermore, at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied when the UE is configured with specific information related to the embodiments described above by upper-layer signaling. For example, such specific information may be information indicating that Doppler correction using a reference carrier is enabled, or arbitrary RRC parameters for a particular release (e.g., Rel. 19).

[0155] If the UE does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or does not have the above-mentioned specific information configured, the behavior of, for example, Rel.15 / 16 / 17 may be applied.

[0156] (Note) The following invention is added with respect to one embodiment of this disclosure. [Note 1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives information about a reference carrier, and a control unit that performs a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier based on the information, and performs a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the information and the first Doppler correction. [Note 2] The aforementioned reference carrier is the lowest frequency carrier among the multiple carriers set for the terminal, as described in Appendix 1. [Note 3] The terminal described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein the aforementioned reference carrier is a combination of at least two carriers from among a plurality of carriers set for the terminal. [Note 4] The receiving unit is a terminal according to any one of the appendices 1 to 3 that receives information regarding whether or not the reference carrier is set.

[0157] (Wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any or a combination thereof of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0158] Figure 8 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0159] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and so on.

[0160] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0161] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0162] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0163] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0164] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may fall in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0165] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of the following methods at each CC: Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0166] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, if NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0167] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0168] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0169] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0170] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0171] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, shared by each user terminal 20.

[0172] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0173] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0174] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0175] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL ​​DCI, and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI. Furthermore, PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0176] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a particular search space based on the search space configuration.

[0177] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0178] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) which includes at least one of the following: channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment (e.g., Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0179] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted when describing various channels.

[0180] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc., may be transmitted.

[0181] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. SS, SSB, etc., may also be called reference signals.

[0182] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS) may transmit the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called the User-Specific Reference Signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0183] (base station) Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, transceiver unit 120, transceiver antenna 130, and transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0184] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0185] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0186] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0187] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0188] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0189] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0190] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0191] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0192] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0193] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0194] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0195] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0196] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing to the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0197] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0198] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0199] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0200] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit information regarding a reference carrier (a specific carrier). The control unit 110 may use the information to instruct a first Doppler correction to be performed on the reference carrier, and may use the information and the result of the first Doppler correction to instruct a second Doppler correction to be performed on carriers other than the reference carrier.

[0201] (User terminal) Figure 10 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0202] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0203] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0204] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0205] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0206] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0207] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0208] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0209] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0210] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0211] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0212] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0213] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0214] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0215] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0216] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0217] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0218] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive information regarding a reference carrier (a specific carrier). The control unit 210 may perform a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier based on the information, and perform a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the information and the first Doppler correction (first embodiment).

[0219] The reference carrier may be the lowest frequency carrier among a plurality of carriers set for the terminal (first embodiment).

[0220] The reference carrier may be a combination of at least two carriers from among a plurality of carriers set for the terminal (first embodiment).

[0221] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive information regarding whether or not the reference carrier has been set (second embodiment).

[0222] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0223] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0224] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0225] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured to omit some of the devices.

[0226] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0227] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or to control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0228] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0229] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0230] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0231] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0232] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated implementations of a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0233] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0234] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0235] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0236] (modified version) In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0237] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0238] Here, the neuralelogy may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neuralelogy may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, or specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0239] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0240] A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Mini-slots may also be called sub-slots. Mini-slots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0241] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0242] For example, one subframe may be called TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. Note that the unit representing TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0243] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0244] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Given a TTI, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0245] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0246] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may also be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, or a slot.

[0247] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0248] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0249] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. Each TTI, subframe, etc., may consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0250] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0251] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0252] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also called a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to the carrier's common reference point. PRBs may be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0253] A BWP may include UL BWPs (BWPs for UL) and DL BWPs (BWPs for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0254] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0255] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative examples. For instance, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0256] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0257] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements that use these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0258] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0259] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0260] Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices.

[0261] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof).

[0262] Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Element (CE).

[0263] Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not providing notification of the specified information or by providing notification of other information).

[0264] The determination may be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0265] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0266] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0267] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0268] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "quasi-co-location (QCL)," "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," and "panel" may be used interchangeably.

[0269] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", "component carrier" can be used interchangeably. The base station may also be referred to by terms such as macro cell, small cell, femto cell, pico cell, etc.

[0270] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each of the smaller areas can also provide communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the whole of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and the base station subsystem that provides communication services in this coverage.

[0271] In the present disclosure, when a base station transmits information to a terminal, it may be read as the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on the information, and vice versa.

[0272] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal" can be used interchangeably.

[0273] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0274] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0275] The moving object refers to a movable object, and the moving speed is arbitrary, and it naturally includes the case where the moving object is stationary. The moving object includes, for example, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavator trucks, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, limousines, rickshaws, ships (ship and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and things mounted on them, and is not limited thereto. Also, the moving object may be a moving object that autonomously travels based on an operation command.

[0276] The moving object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a moving object that moves without a person (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanoid or non-humanoid). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0277] Figure 12 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0278] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0279] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0280] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression signal of accelerator pedal 43 acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression signal of brake pedal 44 acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., acquired by object detection sensor 58.

[0281] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, displays, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0282] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0283] The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0284] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0285] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0286] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

[0287] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0288] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0289] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0290] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0291] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0292] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0293] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to systems using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. Further, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G) and applied.

[0294] The description "based on" used in the present disclosure does not mean "only based on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the description "based on" means both "only based on" and "at least based on".

[0295] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0296] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to include judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0297] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0298] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something like resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something about an action.

[0299] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be replaced with "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0300] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0301] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0302] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, or optical domain (both visible and invisible).

[0303] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0304] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0305] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0306] In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably as "i-th highest").

[0307] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0308] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The invention described herein can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Therefore, the descriptions herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply any limitation on the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives information indicating a reference carrier set from a base station, A terminal having a control unit that, based on the aforementioned information, performs a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier with respect to the reference carrier, and performs a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the result of the first Doppler correction.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the reference carrier is the lowest frequency carrier among a plurality of carriers set for the terminal.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the reference carrier is a combination of at least two carriers from a plurality of carriers set for the terminal.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the receiving unit receives information regarding whether or not the reference carrier is set.

5. The steps of receiving information indicating a reference carrier set from a base station, A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: performing a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier based on the aforementioned information; and performing a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the result of the first Doppler correction.

6. A transmitting unit that transmits information indicating a reference carrier to be set on the terminal, A base station having a control unit that, using the aforementioned information, instructs to perform a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier with respect to the reference carrier, and uses the result of the first Doppler correction to instruct to perform a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier.

7. A system including a terminal and a base station, The aforementioned terminal is A receiving unit that receives information indicating a reference carrier set from the base station, The system includes a control unit that, based on the aforementioned information, performs a first Doppler correction on the reference carrier with respect to the reference carrier, and performs a second Doppler correction on carriers other than the reference carrier based on the result of the first Doppler correction, The aforementioned base station is A system comprising a transmitting unit that transmits the information to the terminal.

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