Battery management system with a hierarchical structure and its operation method

Abstract

A battery management system having a hierarchical structure according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of slave BMSs; and a master BMS that is linked with the plurality of slave BMSs and monitors a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries. Here, the master BMS is configured to collect status information on one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs and collect status information on the battery group from a group status information collection device provided therein, and the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device may be configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the benefit of the filing dates of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0118506, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on September 20, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0074116, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on June 9, 2023, and all of the content disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent applications is incorporated herein.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery management system having a hierarchical structure and an operating method thereof, and more specifically, to a battery management system including a master BMS and slave BMSs and an operating method thereof.

Background Art

[0003] A secondary battery is a battery that can be reused through charging even after discharge, and can be used as an energy source for small devices such as mobile phones, tablet PCs, and vacuum cleaners, and is also used as an energy source for medium and large devices such as automobiles and smart grid ESSs (Energy Storage Systems).

[0004] A secondary battery is applied to a system in the form of an assembly such as a battery module in which a number of battery cells are connected in series and parallel according to the requirements of the system, or a battery pack in which battery modules are connected in series and parallel. In the case of medium and large devices such as electric vehicles, a high-capacity battery system in which a number of battery packs are connected in parallel can be applied to satisfy the required capacity of the corresponding device.

[0005] A battery management system that monitors and controls the status and operation of a battery pack can be configured in a hierarchical structure to efficiently monitor and control all battery cells contained in the battery pack. More specifically, the battery management system can be configured to include multiple slave BMSs that collect status information of battery cells or battery modules, and a master BMS that collects status information on a pack-by-pack basis, receives cell or module status information from the slave BMSs, and performs integrated monitoring and control.

[0006] For a hierarchical battery management system to perform more accurate status diagnostics, it is necessary to diagnose the presence or absence of battery abnormalities using status information measured at the same time. However, the devices that collect status information at the cell or module level and the devices that collect status information at the pack level are configured separately, and the communication lines of each device are separated, which can lead to time errors between the status information. Such time errors between status information can limit the reliability of the diagnostic results of the battery management system. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The objective of the present invention, in order to solve the problems described above, is to provide a battery system with a hierarchical structure.

[0008] Another objective of the present invention, in order to solve the problems described above, is to provide a method for operating a hierarchical battery system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A battery management system having a hierarchical structure according to one embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above objective may include a plurality of slave BMSs; and a master BMS that works in conjunction with the plurality of slave BMSs to monitor a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries.

[0010] Here, the master BMS is configured to collect status information about one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs and to collect status information about the battery group from an internally provided group status information collection device, and the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device can be configured to be connected sequentially via a series communication network.

[0011] The master BMS described above may further include a control device and a communication interface device. Here, the control device and the communication interface device may be configured by sequentially connecting the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device via the serial communication network.

[0012] The control device described above can be configured to receive, through the communication interface device described above, status information relating to one or more batteries and status information relating to a group of batteries, which are generated at the same time.

[0013] The control device can diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the status information received for one or more batteries and the status information for the battery group.

[0014] The above-mentioned communication interface device can be configured to be directly connected via a series communication line to the slave BMS located at the end of the plurality of slave BMSs.

[0015] When the battery management system is switched to the off state, the group status information acquisition device is switched to the deactivated state, and the multiple slave BMSs can be configured to be activated at a predefined time.

[0016] The above-mentioned multiple slave BMSs are activated at predefined intervals while the battery management system is off to collect status information about one or more batteries and diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the battery they manage based on the collected status information.

[0017] When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS can be configured to transmit an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the series communication line, and the communication interface device can be configured to transmit a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to the ON state.

[0018] The status information for the above battery group includes one or more pieces of information from voltage, current, and insulation resistance values ​​for the battery group unit, and the status information for one or more above batteries may include one or more pieces of information from voltage, current, and temperature values ​​for the battery cell or battery subgroup unit.

[0019] The above-mentioned group status information acquisition device can be configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information acquisition module, a group current information acquisition module, and an insulation resistance information acquisition module.

[0020] A method for operating a battery management system according to one embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned other objectives is a method for operating a battery management system including a plurality of slave BMSs and a master BMS sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs via a series communication network, the method including: the plurality of slave BMSs collecting status information relating to one or more batteries, and a group status information collection device provided inside the master BMS collecting status information relating to a battery group composed of the plurality of batteries; a control device of the master BMS receiving the status information relating to one or more batteries and the status information relating to the battery group through a communication interface device of the master BMS; and monitoring whether there is any abnormality in the batteries or the battery group based on the collected information.

[0021] The control device and communication interface device can be configured by sequentially connecting the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device via the serial communication network.

[0022] The step of receiving the state information may include the step of receiving the state information regarding the one or more batteries and the state information regarding the battery group, which are generated at the same time.

[0023] The step of monitoring the presence or absence of abnormality may include the step of diagnosing the presence or absence of abnormality with respect to the battery or the battery group based on the received state information regarding the one or more batteries and the state information regarding the battery group.

[0024] The communication interface device may be configured to be directly connected via a serial communication line to a slave BMS located at an end among the plurality of slave BMSs.

[0025] The operation method of the battery management system may further include: when the battery management system is switched to the off state, the plurality of slave BMSs are activated every predefined unit time to collect the state information regarding the one or more batteries; and the plurality of slave BMSs diagnose the presence or absence of abnormality of the batteries to be managed based on the collected state information.

[0026] The operation method of the battery management system may further include: when an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmits an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the serial communication line; and the communication interface device transmits a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to the on state.

[0027] The state information regarding the battery group includes one or more pieces of information among the voltage value, current value, and insulation resistance value in the battery group unit, and the state information regarding the one or more batteries may include one or more pieces of information among the voltage value, current value, and temperature value in the battery cell or battery sub-group unit.

Advantages of the Invention

[0028] According to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, by diagnosing the battery system based on the time-synchronized state information, the reliability of the monitoring and diagnosis results by the battery management system can be improved.

[0029] Moreover, according to the embodiment of the present invention, monitoring and diagnosis can be stably performed even in the off state of the battery management system.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] [Figure 1] It is a block diagram of an existing battery management system. [Figure 2] It is a block diagram of the battery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the battery management system according to the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a flowchart of an operation method of the battery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] It is a block diagram of the battery management system to which the serial communication line according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 6] It is a flowchart of an operation method of the battery management system shown in FIG. 5.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0031] The present invention can be subjected to various modifications and can have various embodiments. Therefore, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, but it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents or alternatives included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. Similar reference numerals are used for similar components while explaining each drawing.

[0032] Terms such as First, Second, A, B, etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by such terms. The terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the First component may be named the Second component, and similarly, the Second component may be named the First component. The term "and / or" includes a combination of multiple related items or one of multiple related items.

[0033] When it is stated that one component is "linked" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that this may mean that it is directly linked or connected to that other component, but that there may also be another component in between. Conversely, when it is stated that one component is "directly linked" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in between.

[0034] The terms used in this application are used solely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless they are clearly different in context. In this application, terms such as “includes” or “having” are intended to specify the presence of features, figures, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof as described in the specification, and should not be understood to preemptively exclude the presence or possibility of adding one or more other features, figures, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as those generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Terms as defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and not as ideal or overly formal unless explicitly defined herein.

[0036] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a typical battery management system.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1, the battery management system can be configured to include a master BMS 10 and multiple slave BMS 20.

[0038] The Master BMS10 is a higher-level BMS that monitors and controls a battery system including multiple battery modules (#1 to #N). The Master BMS10 is configured to include multiple pack status information acquisition devices that collect status information of the battery packs. As shown in Figure 1, the status information acquisition devices may include a pack voltage information acquisition module, a pack current information acquisition module, and an insulation resistance information acquisition module.

[0039] Multiple slave BMSs 20 are provided in correspondence with multiple battery modules (#1 to #N), and are lower-level BMSs that collect status information about the corresponding battery modules and transmit the collected status information to the master BMS 10. Here, each slave BMS may include a module status information collection device for collecting status information such as the voltage, current, and temperature values ​​of each cell contained in the battery module, and one or more of the voltage, current, and temperature values ​​of the battery module as a whole, or may be configured to be connected to a module status information collection device.

[0040] The master BMS10 is configured to include a communication interface device and can be configured to send and receive data with multiple slave BMS20 through the communication interface device. Here, the master BMS10 can receive module status information (cell status information and module status information) from each of the multiple slave BMS20 through the communication interface device.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1, the master BMS 10 can be configured to include a control device that receives pack status information from internally installed pack status information acquisition devices (pack voltage information acquisition module, pack current information acquisition module, and insulation resistance information acquisition module) and receives module status information from each of the multiple slave BMS 20 via a communication interface device. Here, the control device of the master BMS 10 can monitor the collected pack status information and module status information to diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery system.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1, in a typical battery management system, the pack status information acquisition device and the module status information acquisition device are configured separately, and communication lines for acquiring pack status information and module status information are separated. As a result, the status information acquired by the control device is data with time errors, as it is not measured at the same time. Such time errors between status information can limit the reliability of the diagnostic results of the battery management system.

[0043] This invention was devised to solve these technical problems. Below, with reference to Figures 2-6, the structure and operation method of a battery management system according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0044] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2, the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be configured to include a master BMS 100 and a plurality of slave BMS 200.

[0046] The Master BMS100 is a higher-level BMS that monitors and controls battery systems containing multiple batteries.

[0047] The master BMS 100 can be configured to include a control device 110, a communication interface device 120, and a group status information collection device 130.

[0048] The control device 110 can monitor the status of one or more batteries and battery groups included in the battery system and diagnose whether there are any abnormalities. Here, a battery group may mean a battery module, battery pack, battery rack, or battery bank.

[0049] The control device 110 can diagnose whether there is an abnormality in one or more batteries or battery groups based on the status information about the battery group transmitted from the group status information acquisition device and the status information about one or more batteries transmitted from the multiple slave BMS 200s.

[0050] The communication interface device 120 may be configured to include a communication module that receives status information from a group status information collection device 130 and a plurality of slave BMS 200 and transmits it to the control device 110.

[0051] The group status information collection device 130 can collect status information for each battery group and transmit the collected group status information to the communication interface device 120. Here, the group status information collection device 130 can be configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collection module, a group current information collection module, and an insulation resistance information collection module. That is, unlike the general battery management system shown in Figure 1, the group status information collection device 130 according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured as a single integrated module including a group voltage information collection module, a group current information collection module, and an insulation resistance information collection module, and can be configured to simultaneously transmit the collected group status information (for example, voltage values, current values, and insulation resistance values ​​for each battery pack) to the communication interface device 120.

[0052] Multiple slave BMS200s are lower-level BMSs, each managing one or more batteries. Each slave BMS can collect status information about the corresponding battery it manages and transmit the collected battery status information to the master BMS100.

[0053] Each slave BMS may include a status information acquisition device for collecting status information of the batteries it manages, or may be configured to be connected to a status information acquisition device. Here, the battery status information collected by the slave BMS may include one or more status information of voltage, current, and temperature values ​​at the battery cell or battery subgroup level (e.g., module level).

[0054] Multiple slave BMS200s can be sequentially connected to the group status information collection device 130 of the master BMS100 via a serial communication network. Furthermore, the control device 110 and communication interface device 120 of the master BMS100 can be sequentially connected to the group status information collection device 130 and the multiple slave BMS200s via a serial communication network. Referring to Figure 2, the control device 110, communication interface device 120, group status information collection device 130, and multiple slave BMS200s can be configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network 300.

[0055] Each of the components 110, 120, 130 of the master BMS 100 and each of the multiple slave BMS 200 can include a communication module for forming the serial communication network 300 shown in Figure 2. For example, the serial communication network 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention can correspond to a daisy-chain communication network, and each of the components 110, 120, 130, 200 of the master BMS 100 can include a data transmission and reception module for forming the daisy-chain communication network.

[0056] The slave BMS (#1) at the end can transmit its collected battery status information to the control device 110 via the series communication network 300, starting from the slave BMS (#N) at the end. The group status information collection device 130 can also transmit the collected group status information to the control device 110 via the series communication network 300. Here, the group status information collection device 130 is configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collection module, a group current information collection module, and an insulation resistance information collection module, as described above. It can transmit group status information, including voltage values, current values, and insulation resistance values ​​for each group, to the control device 110.

[0057] In this embodiment, the battery status information and group status information can correspond to status information generated at the same time. According to this embodiment, the control device 110 can receive time-synchronized status information (e.g., battery cell status information, module status information, and pack status information), and use the received status information to monitor the battery system and diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality. This improves the reliability of monitoring and diagnostic results by the battery management system.

[0058] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the battery management system according to the present invention. Specifically, Figure 3 is an example of a battery management system in which the master BMS corresponds to the pack BMS and the slave BMS corresponds to the module BMS. On the other hand, the battery management system shown in Figure 3 is an example for the clear explanation of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3, the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be configured to include a master BMS 100' and a plurality of slave BMS 200'.

[0060] The master BMS100' can be a pack BMS that monitors and controls a battery pack consisting of multiple battery modules.

[0061] The master BMS 100' can be configured to include a control device 110', a communication interface device 120', and a pack status information acquisition device 130'.

[0062] The control device 110' can monitor the status of the battery pack and diagnose whether there is an abnormality. Here, the control device 110' can diagnose whether there is an abnormality in one or more of the battery cells, battery modules, and battery pack based on the pack status information transmitted from the pack status information acquisition device and one or more of the module status information transmitted from the multiple slave BMS 200'.

[0063] The communication interface device 120' can be configured to include a communication module that receives status information from a pack status information acquisition device 130' and a plurality of slave BMS 200' and transmits it to the control device 110'.

[0064] The pack status information acquisition device 130' can collect pack status information for each battery pack and transmit the collected pack status information to the communication interface device 120'. Here, the pack status information acquisition device 130' can be configured as an integrated module including a pack voltage information acquisition module, a pack current information acquisition module, and an insulation resistance information acquisition module.

[0065] Multiple slave BMS200' can correspond to module BMSs equipped with multiple battery modules (#1 to #N). Here, the slave BMS can collect status information about the corresponding battery module and transmit the collected module status information to the master BMS100'.

[0066] Each slave BMS may include a module status information acquisition device for collecting module status information, or may be configured to be connected to a module status information acquisition device. Here, the module status information may include the voltage, current, and temperature values ​​of each cell contained in the battery module, and one or more status information of the voltage, current, and temperature values ​​of the battery module as a whole.

[0067] Multiple slave BMS200' can be sequentially connected to the pack status information acquisition device 130' of the master BMS100' via a serial communication network. Furthermore, the control device 110' and communication interface device 120' of the master BMS100' can be sequentially connected to the pack status information acquisition device 130' and the multiple slave BMS200' via a serial communication network.

[0068] Each of the components 110', 120', 130' of the master BMS 100' and each of the multiple slave BMS 200' may include a communication module to form the serial communication network 300' shown in Figure 3.

[0069] The slave BMS (#1) at the end can transmit the collected module status information from the slave BMS (#N) at the top to the control device 110' via the serial communication network 300'. The pack status information collection device 130' can also transmit the collected pack status information to the control device 110' via the serial communication network 300'. Here, the module status information and pack status information can correspond to status information generated at the same time.

[0070] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Multiple slave BMSs collect status information for one or more batteries, and the group status information collection device of the master BMS can collect status information for a group of batteries (S410). Here, the status information for a group of batteries may include one or more pieces of information from voltage, current, and insulation resistance values ​​for a battery group (e.g., per pack). Also, the status information for one or more batteries may include one or more pieces of information from voltage, current, and temperature values ​​for a battery cell or a lower battery group (e.g., per module). In this case, the collected battery status information and group status information may be time-synchronized status information generated at the same time.

[0072] Subsequently, the control unit of the master BMS can receive battery status information and group status information (S420). More specifically, multiple slave BMSs and group status information acquisition devices transmit battery status information and group status information to a communication interface device via a serial communication network, and the communication interface device can transmit the transmitted battery status information and group status information to the control unit.

[0073] The control device can perform monitoring and diagnosis of a battery or battery group based on the received battery status information and group status information (S430).

[0074] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a battery management system to which a series communication line according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

[0075] The battery management system shown in Figure 5 is the same as the battery management system shown in Figure 2, but further includes a series communication line 400 that directly connects the slave BMS located at the end to the communication interface device 120.

[0076] Referring to Figure 5, among the multiple slave BMS 200s, the slave BMS (#N) located at the end can be configured to be directly connected to the communication interface device 120 via a series communication line 400. According to this embodiment, the battery management system can monitor the battery system even when it is in the off state and switch to the ON state if an abnormality occurs in the battery system.

[0077] When the battery management system is switched to the off state, the group status information acquisition device 130 is switched to the deactivated state, and the multiple slave BMS 200 can be configured to be activated at a predefined time.

[0078] More specifically, when the battery management system is switched off, the group status information acquisition device 130 does not collect group status information, and the multiple slave BMS 200 can be configured to be powered through a constant power supply and to be activated (wake-up) at predefined intervals to collect battery status information (e.g., cell voltage, current, and temperature values, and module voltage, current, and temperature values).

[0079] Multiple slave BMSs 200 can diagnose whether there are any abnormalities in the batteries they manage based on the collected battery status information. If an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries (for example, if the voltage of a particular cell or module exceeds a predefined threshold), the relevant slave BMS can generate an abnormality signal. At this time, the relevant slave BMS can transmit the generated abnormality signal to the communication interface device 120 via the series communication line 400. In other words, when the battery management system is off, multiple slave BMSs 200 can be configured to monitor the batteries they each manage, and when an abnormality occurs, the slave BMS managing the abnormal battery can transmit an abnormality signal to the communication interface device 120 via the series communication line 400 (in the opposite direction to the communication direction in the on state, as shown in Figure 2).

[0080] The communication interface device 120 can be configured to operate by being powered through a constant power supply when the battery management system is turned off.

[0081] The communication interface device 120 can be configured to switch the battery management system to the ON state when an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries. For example, multiple slave BMS 200 can diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the batteries they manage and transmit an abnormality signal indicating the abnormal state to the communication interface device 120 via the series communication line 400 when an abnormality occurs. When the communication interface device 120 receives an abnormality signal, it generates a wake-up signal through a wake-up circuit and transmits it to the control device 110, which then receives the wake-up signal and switches the battery management system to the ON state.

[0082] In other words, when the battery management system is off, the battery system is monitored via the communication interface device 120, the slave BMS 200, and a separate series communication line 400. When an abnormality occurs, the battery management system is switched on, and the control device 110 can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the entire battery system.

[0083] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the battery management system shown in Figure 5.

[0084] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, when the battery management system is switched to the off state, the group status information collection device can be switched to the deactivated state (S610).

[0085] Subsequently, multiple slave BMSs are powered through a constant power supply and are woken up at predefined intervals to collect battery status information (e.g., cell voltage, current, and temperature values, and module voltage, current, and temperature values, etc.) (S620).

[0086] Each slave BMS can diagnose whether the battery it manages is abnormal based on the battery status information (S630).

[0087] When one or more batteries malfunction (YES in S630), the communication interface device can switch the battery management system to the ON state (S640). For example, when a specific battery module malfunctions, the communication interface device can receive a malfunction signal from the malfunctioning module and the corresponding slave BMS. The communication interface device then generates a wake-up signal through the wake-up circuit and transmits it to the control unit, which can then switch the battery management system to the ON state.

[0088] The operation of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be embodied as a computer-readable program or code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices that store data that can be read by a computer system. Furthermore, computer-readable recording media can be distributed across networked computer systems, allowing computer-readable programs or code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0089] Some aspects of the present invention have been described in the context of apparatus, but they can also be described by corresponding methods, where a block or apparatus corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method can be described by corresponding blocks or items or features of corresponding apparatus. Some or all of the method steps can be carried out by (or using) hardware devices such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, one or more of the most important method steps can be carried out by such devices.

[0090] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be modified and altered in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0091] 100: Master BMS 110: Control device 120: Communication Interface Device 130: Group status information acquisition device 200: Slave BMS 300: Serial communication network 400: Serial communication line

Claims

1. A battery management system having a hierarchical structure, Multiple slave BMSs; and A master BMS that works in conjunction with the aforementioned multiple slave BMSs to monitor a battery group composed of multiple batteries; The master BMS is configured to collect status information about one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs and to collect status information about the battery group from an internally provided group status information collection device. The aforementioned plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information acquisition device are configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network. The status information relating to the battery group includes one or more pieces of information from the voltage value, current value, and insulation resistance value for each battery group. The status information relating to one or more batteries includes one or more pieces of information from among the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of a battery cell or a battery subgroup unit. The aforementioned master BMS is Further including control devices; and communication interface devices; The control device and communication interface device are configured to be sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device via the serial communication network. The control device is A battery management system configured to receive status information relating to one or more batteries and status information relating to a group of batteries, generated at the same time, through the aforementioned communication interface device.

2. The control device is The battery management system according to claim 1, which diagnoses whether there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the status information of one or more batteries and the status information of the battery group that has been received.

3. The aforementioned communication interface device is The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein the slave BMS located at the end of the plurality of slave BMSs is configured to be directly connected to the series communication network via a series communication line different from the series communication network.

4. If the battery management system is switched off, The battery management system according to claim 3, wherein the group status information acquisition device is switched to an inactive state, and the plurality of slave BMSs are configured to be activated at a predetermined time.

5. The aforementioned multiple slave BMSs are The battery management system according to claim 4, which is activated at predetermined intervals while the battery management system is off to collect status information relating to one or more batteries, and diagnoses whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery being managed based on the collected status information.

6. When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmits an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the series communication line. The battery management system according to claim 5, wherein the communication interface device is configured to transmit a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to the ON state.

7. A battery management system having a hierarchical structure, Multiple slave BMSs; and A master BMS that works in conjunction with the aforementioned multiple slave BMSs to monitor a battery group composed of multiple batteries; The master BMS is configured to collect status information about one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs and to collect status information about the battery group from an internally provided group status information collection device. The aforementioned plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information acquisition device are configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network. The status information relating to the battery group includes one or more pieces of information from the voltage value, current value, and insulation resistance value for each battery group. The status information relating to one or more batteries includes one or more pieces of information from among the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of a battery cell or a battery subgroup unit. The group status information acquisition device is A battery management system configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collection module, a group current information collection module, and an insulation resistance information collection module.

8. A method for operating a battery management system including a plurality of slave BMSs and a master BMS sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication network, The steps include: the multiple slave BMSs collecting status information for one or more batteries, and the group status information collection device provided inside the master BMS collecting status information for a battery group composed of multiple batteries; The control device of the master BMS receives, through the communication interface device of the master BMS, status information relating to one or more batteries and status information relating to a battery group, which are generated at the same time; and The steps include monitoring whether there is any abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the information collected; The status information relating to the battery group includes one or more pieces of information from the voltage value, current value, and insulation resistance value for each battery group. A method for operating a battery management system, wherein the status information relating to one or more batteries includes one or more pieces of information from voltage values, current values, and temperature values ​​at the battery cell or battery subgroup level.

9. The control device and the communication interface device are A method for operating the battery management system according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information acquisition device are sequentially connected via the series communication network.

10. The step of monitoring for the presence or absence of the aforementioned abnormality is: A method for operating a battery management system according to claim 8, comprising the step of diagnosing whether there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the status information of one or more batteries and the status information of the battery group received.

11. The aforementioned communication interface device is A method for operating the battery management system according to claim 9, wherein the slave BMS located at the end of the plurality of slave BMSs is directly connected to the series communication network via a series communication line different from the series communication network.

12. If the battery management system is switched off, The steps include: the plurality of slave BMS being activated at predefined unit time intervals to collect state information relating to one or more batteries; and A method for operating a battery management system according to claim 11, further comprising the step of the plurality of slave BMS diagnosing whether there is an abnormality in the battery they manage based on the collected status information.

13. When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmits an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the series communication line; and The method for operating a battery management system according to claim 12, further comprising the step of the communication interface device transmitting a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to the ON state.

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