Performance Evaluation Device for Solar Cell Elements

Abstract

A performance evaluation device (10) for solar cell elements according to an embodiment of the present invention has an evaluation unit (11) and a preparation unit (20). The evaluation unit (11) has a first light source (12) that irradiates, with light, solar cell elements (1) each including a perovskite semiconductor, and evaluates the power generation performance of the solar cell elements (1). The preparation unit (20) has a second light source (22) that irradiates, with light, the solar cell elements (1) before being transported to the evaluation unit (11), and prepares for evaluation of the power generation performance of the solar cell elements (1).

Description

Apparatus and method for evaluating performance of solar cell elements

[0001] FIELD An embodiment of the present invention relates to a solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus and a solar cell element performance evaluation method.

[0002] There is a demand for a performance evaluation apparatus and a performance evaluation method for a solar cell element that can shorten the evaluation time.

[0003] Patent No. 6916538

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus and a solar cell element performance evaluation method that can shorten the performance evaluation time.

[0005] The performance evaluation device for solar cell elements according to the embodiment includes an evaluation unit and a preparation unit. The evaluation unit has a first light source that irradiates light onto solar cell elements including a perovskite semiconductor, and evaluates the power generation performance of the solar cell elements. The preparation unit has a second light source that irradiates light onto the solar cell elements before they are transported to the evaluation unit, and prepares for evaluation of the power generation performance of the solar cell elements.

[0006] 7. A schematic configuration diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device in the first embodiment. A schematic configuration diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device in a first modified example of the first embodiment. A side view of a clip member. A schematic configuration diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device in the second embodiment. A schematic configuration diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device in the third embodiment. A development view of the periphery of a probe. A plan view of a tensioning mechanism. An enlarged view of portion VIII at position A in FIG. 7. A cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8. An enlarged view of portion X at position B in FIG. 7. A cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 10. An enlarged view of portion XII at position C in FIG. 7. A cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12.

[0007] Hereinafter, a solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus and a solar cell element performance evaluation method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. (First embodiment) Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment. A solar cell element 1 contains a perovskite structure as a perovskite semiconductor at least in part. The perovskite structure is one of the crystal structures, and is the same as the crystal structure of perovskite. Typically, the perovskite structure is composed of ions A, B, and X, and is represented by the following general formula (1): ABX ３ ... (1) A can be a primary ammonium ion. Specifically, CH ３ NH ３ ＋ (hereinafter referred to as MA), C ２ H ５ NH ３ ＋ , C ３ H ７ NH ３ ＋ , C ４ H ９ NH ３ ＋ , and HC(NH ２ ) ２ ＋ (hereinafter referred to as FA), etc., and CH ３ NH ３ ＋ is preferable, but not limited to this. ＋ , Rb ＋ , 1,1,1-trifluoro-ethylammonium iodide (FEAI) are also preferred, but are not limited to these. ２＋ or Sn ２＋ Examples of divalent metal ions that can be used include, but are not limited to, Cl. － ,Br － or I － The materials constituting the ions A, B, and X may be single or mixed. The constituting ions are ABX ３ It can function without necessarily matching the stoichiometric ratio.

[0008] The solar cell element 1 of the first embodiment is a first solar cell element 1a. The first solar cell element 1a is a tandem solar cell element in which a top cell and a bottom cell are stacked. The top cell contains a perovskite semiconductor. The bottom cell contains silicon. The first solar cell element 1a containing silicon is a rigid panel-type (cell-type) solar cell element. The solar cell element 1 has terminals 2. The terminals 2 are a pair of terminals consisting of a positive (positive) terminal 3 and a negative (negative) terminal 4, and electrically connect the solar cell element 1 to the outside. The first solar cell element 1a has a pair of terminals 2a (a positive terminal 3a and a negative terminal 4a) arranged on the surface on the top cell side.

[0009] The solar cell element performance evaluation device 10 has an evaluation unit 11 that evaluates the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1. The evaluation unit 11 measures, for example, the IV (current vs. voltage) curve characteristics of the solar cell element 1. The evaluation unit 11 has a first light source 12 and a measurement unit 15. The first light source 12 irradiates the solar cell element 1 with light. For example, the first light source 12 is a xenon (Xe) lamp or a halogen lamp. The solar cell element 1 generates electrons and holes (carriers) by receiving light, thereby generating power. The measurement unit 15 connects probes to the terminals 2 of the solar cell element 1 and measures the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1.

[0010] The performance evaluation device 10 evaluates the power generation performance of solar cell elements 1 using an in-line method. The performance evaluation device 10 has a conveying device 18 that conveys the solar cell elements 1 one by one to the evaluation unit 11. The conveying device 18 extends from the preparation unit 20 (described later) toward the evaluation unit 11. The conveying device 18 supports the solar cell elements 1 arranged in a row. The conveying device 18 is, for example, a pair of rails or a belt. The conveying device 18 may be a single line connecting the preparation unit 20 to the evaluation unit 11 in the X-axis direction, or it may be divided into two or more lines. If the conveying device 18 is divided into two or more lines, it is possible to change the conveying speed between the preparation unit 20 and the evaluation unit 11, so it is not necessary to match the distance from the preparation unit 20 to the evaluation unit 11 to the pitch of the solar cell elements 1 in the preparation unit 20. The conveying device 18 may support the solar cell elements 1 by suction using negative pressure, or it may support them using claws (not shown) attached to the conveying device 18. The evaluation unit 11 evaluates the power generation performance while stopping the transportation of the solar cell element 1. The transportation device 18 intermittently transports the solar cell element 1 each time the evaluation unit 11 finishes the evaluation of the solar cell element 1. By adopting the inline method, only one or a few evaluation units 11 are required, thereby reducing the cost of the performance evaluation device 10.

[0011] In the present application, the Z direction, X direction, and Y direction of the Cartesian coordinate system are defined as follows. The Z direction is the direction in which the solar cell element 1 is supported relative to the transport device 18. For example, the Z direction is the vertical direction, and the +Z direction is the upward direction. The X direction is the transport direction of the solar cell element 1 by the transport device 18. The +X direction (first direction) is the downstream side in the transport direction. The Y direction is the width direction of the transport device 18. For example, the X and Y directions are horizontal directions. The solar cell element 1 is arranged in the +Z direction of the transport device 18 in a state parallel to the XY plane. The first light source 12 is arranged in the +Z direction of the transport device 18 and irradiates light in the -Z direction. The first light source 12 may also be arranged in the -Z direction of the transport device 18 and irradiate light in the +Z direction.

[0012] Generally, a solar cell element 1 including a perovskite semiconductor requires a certain period of time (approximately several minutes) from the start of light reception until its power generation performance stabilizes. The performance evaluation device 10 has a preparation unit 20 that prepares for evaluation of the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1.

[0013] The preparation unit 20 irradiates light onto the solar cell elements 1 before they are transported to the evaluation unit 11. The preparation unit 20 is arranged in the -X direction of the evaluation unit 11. The preparation unit 20 irradiates light onto a plurality of solar cell elements 1 supported by the transport device 18. The solar cell elements 1 pass through the preparation unit 20 over a predetermined time. By passing through the preparation unit 20, the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1 is stabilized. The evaluation unit 11 can immediately evaluate the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1 transported from the preparation unit 20. The evaluation time of the performance evaluation device 10 is shortened. The evaluation accuracy of the performance evaluation device 10 is improved.

[0014] The preparation unit 20 has a second light source 22 that irradiates light onto the multiple solar cell elements 1. The second light source 22 is disposed in the +Z direction of the transport device 18 and irradiates light in the -Z direction. The number of light sources may be one or more. The second light source 22 is limited to a light source that has an emission wavelength within the wavelength range absorbed by the solar cell elements 1. Examples include a xenon lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a halogen lamp, and an LED. The irradiation range of the second light source 22 preferably covers the entire power generation area of ​​the solar cell elements 1, but is not limited to this. For example, the second light source 22 is an LED (light-emitting diode). By using an LED, the cost of the second light source 22 is reduced and temperature rise of the second light source 22 and the solar cell elements 1 is suppressed.

[0015] When light is irradiated onto the solar cell element 1 in the preparation section 20, charge separation occurs due to the photoelectric effect, generating electrons and holes. If electrons or holes accumulate in the solar cell element 1, the solar cell element 1 will deteriorate. To consume the electrons or holes generated in the solar cell element 1 in the preparation section 20, a resistor 31 is connected to the solar cell element 1.

[0016] The preparation unit 20 of the first embodiment includes a resistor 31, a probe 32, and a support member 30. The resistor 31 can be connected to the first solar cell element 1a to form a closed circuit. The resistor 31 is preferably a fixed resistor having a resistance value corresponding to the maximum output voltage (Vmpp) and maximum output current (Impp) of the first solar cell element 1a, but is not limited to this. The resistor 31 may also be a variable resistor. The resistance value of the variable resistor is tuned to correspond to the maximum output of the first solar cell element 1a to which it is connected. These resistors 31 efficiently consume electrons or holes.

[0017] The preparation unit 20 has a plurality of resistors 31. The plurality of resistors 31 are arranged in a line in the X direction at the same pitch as the first solar cell elements 1a. The number of resistors 31 matches the number of first solar cell elements 1a included in the preparation unit 20. Since only a small number of resistors 31 is required, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 is reduced. The probes 32 can connect the resistors 31 to the terminals 2a of the first solar cell elements 1a.

[0018] The support member 30 is disposed in the +Z direction of the transport device 18. For example, the support member 30 is a frame parallel to the XY plane. A resistor 31 and a probe 32 are attached to the support member 30 in the -Z direction. The support member 30 is movable together with the probe 32 in the Z direction, which intersects with the surface of the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a. The probe 32 can come into contact with and move away from the terminal 2a as the support member 30 moves in the Z direction. When the support member 30 moves in the -Z direction, the probe 32 comes into contact with the terminal 2a. This connects the resistor 31 and the first solar cell element 1a. When the support member 30 moves in the +Z direction, the probe 32 moves away from the terminal 2a. This disconnects the resistor 31 and the first solar cell element 1a.

[0019] The control unit 90 is a microcomputer equipped with a processor such as a CPU or a GPU. The control unit 90 has a function of controlling the operation of each unit of the performance evaluation device 10. The functions of the control unit 90 are realized, for example, by a processor such as a CPU executing a program. Furthermore, some or all of the functions of the control unit 90 may be realized by hardware such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or may be realized by a combination of software and hardware.

[0020] The operation of the performance evaluation device 10 of the first embodiment will be described. The evaluation unit 11 evaluates the power generation performance of the first solar cell element 1a. The first light source 12 irradiates light onto the first solar cell element 1a in the evaluation unit 11. The measurement unit 15 measures the power generation performance of the first solar cell element 1a.

[0021] The preparation unit 20 irradiates light onto the first solar cell elements 1a before their power generation performance is evaluated (preparation step). The preparation unit 20 stabilizes the power generation performance of the first solar cell elements 1a before they are transported to the evaluation unit 11. The second light source 22 irradiates light onto the multiple first solar cell elements 1a in the preparation unit 20. A resistor 31 is connected to the first solar cell elements 1a. The resistor 31 consumes electrons or holes generated in the first solar cell elements 1a.

[0022] After measuring the power generation performance, and before transporting the first solar cell element 1a, the probe of the measurement unit 15 moves away from the first solar cell element 1a in the evaluation unit 11. Before transporting the first solar cell element 1a, the support member 30 of the preparation unit 20 moves in the +Z direction. The probe 32 moves away from the terminal 2 of the first solar cell element 1a in the preparation unit 20. Before transporting the first solar cell element 1a, the connection between the first solar cell element 1a and the resistor 31 is released.

[0023] The transport device 18 transports the first solar cell elements 1a in the +X direction. The first solar cell elements 1a after their power generation performance has been measured exit the evaluation unit 11. The first solar cell elements 1a before their power generation performance has been measured enter the evaluation unit 11. The multiple first solar cell elements 1a in the preparation unit 20 shift in the +X direction to the positions of first solar cell elements 1a adjacent in the +X direction. The first solar cell elements 1a that were located at the end in the +X direction inside the preparation unit 20 exit the preparation unit 20. The first solar cell elements 1a that were located on the outside of the preparation unit 20 in the -X direction enter the preparation unit 20.

[0024] The probe of the measuring unit 15 of the evaluation unit 11 is connected to the first solar cell element 1a. The evaluation unit 11 evaluates the power generation performance of the first solar cell element 1a (evaluation step). The support member 30 moves in the -Z direction. The probe 32 comes into contact with the terminal 2 of the first solar cell element 1a in the preparation unit 20. The resistor 31 of the first solar cell element 1a that is adjacent to the first solar cell element 1a in the -X direction and that was disconnected from the resistor 31 before the first solar cell element 1a was transported is connected to the resistor 31 after the first solar cell element 1a is transported. The resistor 31 is connected to the multiple first solar cell elements 1a in order. The preparation unit 20 irradiates light on the first solar cell elements 1a before they are transported to the evaluation unit 11.

[0025] As described above in detail, the performance evaluation device 10 for solar cell elements 1 according to the first embodiment includes the evaluation unit 11 and the preparation unit 20. The evaluation unit 11 has a first light source 12 that irradiates light onto the solar cell elements 1 including a perovskite semiconductor, and evaluates the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1. The preparation unit 20 has a second light source 22 that irradiates light onto the solar cell elements 1 before they are transported to the evaluation unit 11, and prepares for evaluation of the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1.

[0026] The performance evaluation method for a solar cell element 1 according to the first embodiment includes a preparation step and an evaluation step. In the preparation step, light is irradiated onto the solar cell element 1 including a perovskite semiconductor before the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1 is evaluated. In the evaluation step, the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1 is evaluated.

[0027] The preparation unit 20 irradiates light onto the solar cell elements 1 before they are transported to the evaluation unit 11. This stabilizes the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1. The evaluation unit 11 can immediately evaluate the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1 transported from the preparation unit 20. This shortens the evaluation time of the performance evaluation device 10.

[0028] The preparation unit 20 has a resistor 31 that can be connected to the first solar cell element 1a to form a closed circuit. When the first solar cell element 1a is irradiated with light in the preparation unit 20, electrons or holes are generated. The resistor 31 consumes the electrons or holes generated in the preparation unit 20 to suppress the accumulation of electrons or holes. This suppresses deterioration of the first solar cell element 1a.

[0029] The performance evaluation device 10 has a transport device 18. The transport device 18 extends in the +X direction from the preparation unit 20 toward the evaluation unit 11, supports the solar cell elements 1 in a line, and transports the solar cell elements 1 in order to the evaluation unit 11. The performance evaluation device 10 evaluates the power generation performance of the solar cell elements 1 using an in-line method. Since only one or a few evaluation units 11 are required, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 can be reduced.

[0030] Before the first solar cell element 1a is transported, the connection between the first solar cell element 1a and the resistor 31 is released. After the first solar cell element 1a is transported, the resistor 31 is connected to the first solar cell element 1a located in the -X direction of the first solar cell element 1a from which the connection with the resistor 31 has been released. The resistors 31 are connected to the multiple first solar cell elements 1a in order. The number of resistors 31 matches the number of first solar cell elements 1a included in the preparation unit 20. Because only a small number of resistors 31 is required, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 is reduced.

[0031] The preparation unit 20 has a resistor 31 and a probe 32. The probe 32 can connect the resistor 31 to the first solar cell element 1a. The probe 32 can move in the Z direction intersecting the surface of the terminal of the first solar cell element 1a. A support member 30 that supports the probe 32 cooperates with the transport device 18 to connect the resistor 31 to the multiple first solar cell elements 1a in sequence. Because only a small number of resistors 31 are required, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 can be reduced.

[0032] The second light source 22 is an LED. By employing an LED, the cost of the second light source 22 can be reduced, and a temperature rise in the second light source 22 and the solar cell element 1 can be suppressed. The LED is preferably a white LED, but may also be a blue LED, a green LED, a red LED, or the like.

[0033] 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device 10 according to a first modification of the first embodiment. The solar cell element 1 of the first modification is a second solar cell element 1b. Like the first solar cell element 1a, the second solar cell element 1b is a tandem solar cell element in which a top cell and a bottom cell are stacked. The second solar cell element 1b has terminals 2b arranged on the surface facing the top cell and the surface facing the bottom cell, respectively.

[0034] The preparation unit 20 of the performance evaluation device 10 of the first modified example has a plurality of clip members 40. The number of clip members 40 corresponds to the number of second solar cell elements 1b included in the preparation unit 20. The clip members 40 are arranged at the ends of the second solar cell elements 1b in the -Y direction. The plurality of clip members 40 are supported by support rods 44 extending in the X direction.

[0035] 3 is a side view of the clip member 40. The clip member 40 has a pair of levers 45, a pair of probes 42, a resistor 41, and an actuator 46. The pair of levers 45 are formed of an electrically insulating material such as resin. The pair of levers 45 are aligned in the Z direction with a support rod 44 in between. The levers 45 extend in the Y direction in a plan view. The levers 45 are rotatable around the support rod 44.

[0036] The pair of probes 42 extend from the resistor 41. The pair of probes 42 are attached to the tips of the pair of levers 45 in the +Y direction. The pair of probes 42 can connect the resistor 41 to the second solar cell element 1b. The resistor 41 can be connected to the second solar cell element 1b to form a closed circuit.

[0037] The actuator 46 is, for example, a pneumatic piston. The actuator 46 is disposed between the pair of levers 45 in the -Y direction of the support rod 44. The second solar cell element 1b is disposed between the pair of levers 45 in the +Y direction of the support rod 44. The actuator 46 extends and contracts to move the +Y direction tips of the pair of levers 45 in the Z direction. The actuator 46 moves the pair of probes 42 in the Z direction via the pair of levers 45. The pair of probes 42 are movable in the Z direction, which intersects with the surface of the terminal 2b of the second solar cell element 1b.

[0038] When the actuator 46 extends, the +Y direction tips of the pair of levers 45 move closer to each other. The pair of probes 42 come into contact with terminals 2b arranged on both sides of the second solar cell element 1b. When the actuator 46 contracts, the +Y direction ends of the pair of levers 45 move away from each other. The pair of probes 42 move away from terminals 2b arranged on both sides of the second solar cell element 1b. The actuator 46 can adjust the pressing force of the pair of probes 42 against the terminals 2b of the second solar cell element 1b. Because the pair of probes 42 are operated by a single actuator 46, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 is reduced.

[0039] In the performance evaluation device 10 of the first modified example, as in the first embodiment, the second solar cell element 1b and the resistor 41 are connected and disconnected. Before the second solar cell element 1b is transported, the connection between the second solar cell element 1b and the resistor 41 is disconnected. After the second solar cell element 1b is transported, the resistor 41 of the second solar cell element 1b adjacent in the −X direction to the second solar cell element 1b whose connection with the resistor 41 has been disconnected is connected to that second solar cell element 1b. The resistor 41 is connected to the plurality of second solar cell elements 1b in order.

[0040] Second Embodiment Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation device 10 according to a second embodiment. The solar cell element performance evaluation device 10 according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a resistor 51 moves in synchronization with the first solar cell element 1a while connected to the first solar cell element 1a. Description of the second embodiment in respect of the same parts as those in the first embodiment may be omitted. The solar cell element 1 of the second embodiment is the same first solar cell element 1a as in the first embodiment.

[0041] The preparation unit 20 of the performance evaluation device 10 of the second embodiment has a rotating member 50, a resistor 51, and a probe 52. The rotating member 50 is arranged in the +Z direction of the transport device 18. For example, the rotating member 50 is an endless caterpillar-like object. The surface of the rotating member 50 is coated with an insulating material. The rotating member 50 is rotatable parallel to the XZ plane.

[0042] A synchronous moving portion 54 is formed at the end of the rotating member 50 in the -Z direction. The synchronous moving portion 54 is movable in the +X direction in synchronization with the transport device 18. The synchronous moving portion 54 moves and stops at the same timing as the transport device 18. The synchronous moving portion 54 moves at the same speed as the transport device 18. The synchronous moving portion 54 is in a range that includes the preparation unit 20 in the X direction.

[0043] The resistor 51 can be connected to the first solar cell element 1a to form a closed circuit. The rotating member 50 holds a plurality of resistors 51 between its endless caterpillar-like members. The plurality of resistors 51 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 50 at the same pitch as the first solar cell element 1a. The probe 52 can connect the resistor 51 to the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a.

[0044] The rotating member 50 holds the resistor 51 and the probe 52. The rotating member 50 is movable together with the probe 52 in the Z direction, which intersects with the surface of the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a. As the rotating member 50 moves in the Z direction, the probe 52 can come into contact with and move away from the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a.

[0045] The operation of the performance evaluation device 10 of the second embodiment will be described. The evaluation unit 11 evaluates the power generation performance of the first solar cell element 1a. The second light source 22 of the preparation unit 20 irradiates light onto the first solar cell element 1a before it is transported to the evaluation unit 11. The resistor 51 held by the synchronously moving portion 54 of the rotating member 50 is connected to the first solar cell element 1a.

[0046] After evaluation of power generation performance in evaluation unit 11, conveyance device 18 conveys first solar cell element 1a in the +X direction. Synchronous movement portion 54 of rotating member 50 moves in the +X direction in synchronization with conveyance device 18. Resistor 51, connected to first solar cell element 1a, moves in the +X direction in synchronization with first solar cell element 1a.

[0047] The first solar cell element 1a that was at the end in the +X direction inside the preparation unit 20 exits the preparation unit 20. The resistor 51 that was connected to the exiting first solar cell element 1a moves in the +Z direction as the rotating member 50 rotates, and exits the synchronously moving portion 54. The connection between the first solar cell element 1a that exited the preparation unit 20 and the resistor 51 that exited the synchronously moving portion 54 is released. The first solar cell element 1a that was outside the preparation unit 20 in the -X direction enters the preparation unit 20. As the rotating member 50 rotates, the resistor 51 that moved in the -Z direction enters the synchronously moving portion 54. The first solar cell element 1a that entered the preparation unit 20 and the resistor 51 that entered the synchronously moving portion 54 are connected. Resistors 51 are connected to all of the first solar cell elements 1a in the preparation unit 20.

[0048] The rotating member 50 moves in the -Z direction during rotation or after rotation has stopped. The probe 52 held by the rotating member 50 moves in the -Z direction. Even if a gap occurs between the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a and the probe 52, the gap is eliminated by the movement of the probe 52 in the -Z direction. This improves the reliability of the connection between the first solar cell element 1a and the resistor 51.

[0049] As described above in detail, in the performance evaluation device 10 of the second embodiment, the resistor 51 moves in synchronization with the first solar cell element 1a while being connected to the first solar cell element 1a. The resistor 51, which has a resistance value corresponding to the maximum output of the first solar cell element 1a, is continuously connected to the first solar cell element 1a. Electrons or holes are efficiently consumed, and deterioration of the first solar cell element 1a is suppressed.

[0050] The performance evaluation device 10 further has an endless rotating member 50. The rotating member 50 includes a synchronously moving portion 54 that can move in synchronization with the conveying device 18. The synchronously moving portion 54 is continuously formed by the rotation of the endless rotating member 50. A resistor 51 is connected to all of the first solar cell elements 1a that pass through the preparation unit 20.

[0051] The rotating member 50 holds a resistor 51 and a probe 52 that can connect the resistor 51 to the first solar cell element 1a. The rotating member 50 is movable in the Z direction, which intersects with the surface of the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a. Even if a gap occurs between the terminal 2a of the first solar cell element 1a and the probe 52, the probe 52 moves in the -Z direction to eliminate the gap. This improves the reliability of the connection between the first solar cell element 1a and the resistor 51.

[0052] 5 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus 10 according to a third embodiment. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus 10 according to the third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that a rotating member 60 holds a probe 62 that can connect between a cable 6 extending from a third solar cell element 1c and a resistor 61. Descriptions of the third embodiment that are similar to those of the first or second embodiment may be omitted.

[0053] The solar cell element 1 of the third embodiment is a third solar cell element 1c. The third solar cell element 1c is formed by arranging a plurality of cells, each containing a perovskite semiconductor, in an aligned state on a film substrate and connecting them to one another. The third solar cell element 1c is a flexible modular solar cell element. The third solar cell element 1c has a pair of cables 6. The cables 6 extend from the end of the third solar cell element 1c in the -Y direction to the outside of the third solar cell element 1c. The cables 6 can electrically connect the third solar cell element 1c to the outside.

[0054] The preparation unit 20 of the performance evaluation device 10 of the third embodiment includes a rotating member 60, a resistor 61, a probe 62, and a tensioning mechanism 70 (see FIG. 7 ). The rotating member 60 is disposed in the −Y direction of the conveying device 18. For example, the rotating member 60 is an endless wire. The rotating member 60 is rotatable parallel to the XZ plane. A synchronously moving portion 64 is formed at the end of the rotating member 60 in the −Z direction. The synchronously moving portion 64 is movable in the +X direction in synchronization with the conveying device 18. The synchronously moving portion 64 extends in the X direction from position A in the −X direction of the preparation unit 20 to position C in the +X direction of the evaluation unit 11. The rotating member 60 is also movable in the Z direction.

[0055] FIG. 6 is a development view of the periphery of the probe 62. The resistor 61 can be connected to the third solar cell element 1c to form a closed circuit. The resistor 61 is arranged away from the rotating member 60 in the -Y direction. A plurality of resistors 61 are arranged side by side in the X direction at the same pitch as the third solar cell element 1c (see FIG. 5). The resistor 61 has a pair of connection pads 61p. The connection pads 61p can electrically connect the resistor 61 to the outside. The surface of the connection pads 61p is parallel to the XY plane. The rotating member 60 can move in the Z direction, which intersects with the surfaces of the connection pads 61p.

[0056] The probes 62 are held by the rotating member 60. A plurality of the probes 62 are arranged in a line in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 60 at the same pitch as the third solar cell element 1c (see FIG. 5). The +Y direction end of the probe 62 is connectable to the cable 6 of the third solar cell element 1c. The −Y direction end of the probe 62 is capable of contacting the connection pad 61p of the resistor 61. This allows the probe 62 to connect the resistor 61 to the third solar cell element 1c. The probe 62 is capable of contacting and separating from the connection pad 61p of the resistor 61 as the rotating member 60 moves in the Z direction.

[0057] 5, the measurement unit 15 of the evaluation unit 11 of the performance evaluation device 10 has a pair of connection pads 15p. The connection pads 15p of the measurement unit 15 are located at the same positions as the connection pads 61p of the resistor 61 in the Y and Z directions. The probes 62 can come into contact with the connection pads 15p of the measurement unit 15. This allows the probes 62 to connect the measurement unit 15 to the third solar cell element 1c.

[0058] As described above, the third solar cell element 1c is flexible. If the third solar cell element 1c is bent, the transport device 18 cannot adsorb the third solar cell element 1c. If the third solar cell element 1c is bent, the first light source 12 and the second light source 22 cannot sufficiently irradiate the third solar cell element 1c with light. The tensioning mechanism 70 (see FIG. 7 ) pulls the third solar cell element 1c in the Y direction, which intersects with the −Z direction, which is the light irradiation direction of the first light source 12 and the second light source 22. The tensioning mechanism 70 pulls the third solar cell element 1c, which is supported by the transport device 18, in the Y direction to eliminate the bending of the third solar cell element 1c.

[0059] Figure 7 is a plan view of the tensioning mechanism 70. The tensioning mechanism 70 has rotating belts 71 and 72 and a hook 75 (see Figure 9). The third solar cell element 1c has through holes 5 at its four corners. The through holes 5 pass through the third solar cell element 1c in the Z direction. The tensioning mechanism 70 engages the hooks 75 with the through holes 5 to pull the third solar cell element 1c in the Y direction.

[0060] The rotating belts 71, 72 are rotatable generally parallel to the XZ plane. The rotating belts 71, 72 include a first rotating belt 71 and a second rotating belt 72. The first rotating belt 71 is disposed in the +Y direction of the conveying device 18. The second rotating belt 72 is disposed in the -Y direction of the conveying device 18. The rotating belts 71, 72 are disposed in the -Z direction of the third solar cell element 1c supported by the conveying device 18. Synchronous movement portions are formed at the ends of the rotating belts 71, 72 in the +Z direction. The synchronous movement portions are movable in the +X direction in synchronization with the conveying device 18. The synchronous movement portions are in a range in the X direction that includes the preparation unit 20 and the evaluation unit 11.

[0061] As shown in Fig. 5, positions A, B, and C are defined. Position A is the position in the -X direction of the preparation unit 20. Position B is the position of the third solar cell element 1c in the evaluation unit 11. Position C is the position in the +X direction of the evaluation unit 11.

[0062] The positions in the Y direction of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 are as follows. As shown in FIG. 7 , the position in the Y direction of the synchronously moving portion of the second rotating belt 72 is constant. The synchronously moving portion of the first rotating belt 71 inclines in the +Y direction from position A to position B, and inclines in the -Y direction from position B to position C. The distances WA, WB, and WC in the Y direction between the synchronously moving portions of the first rotating belt 71 and the second rotating belt 72 are as follows. The distance WA at position A, the distance WB at position B, and the distance WC at position C satisfy the relationships WB>WA and WB>WC.

[0063] The position of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 in the Z direction is constant, but they may be inclined as follows: The synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 incline in the +Z direction from position A to position B, and incline in the -Z direction from position B to position C. The gap between the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 and the third solar cell element 1c is narrow at position B and wide at positions A and C.

[0064] 8 is an enlarged view of portion VIII at position A in FIG. 7 . FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8 . Hooks 75 are fixed to the rotating belts 71, 72. A plurality of hooks 75 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the rotating belts 71, 72 at the same pitch as the through-holes 5 of the third solar cell element 1c. In the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72, the hooks 75 are arranged in the +Z direction of the rotating belts 71, 72. The hooks 75 in the synchronously moving portion of the first rotating belt 71 extend from the first rotating belt 71 in the +Z direction and bend in the +Y direction. The hooks 75 in the synchronously moving portion of the second rotating belt 72 extend from the first rotating belt 71 in the +Z direction and bend in the -Y direction.

[0065] The operation of the performance evaluation device 10 of the third embodiment will be described. After the evaluation of power generation performance in the evaluation unit 11 shown in Fig. 5, the rotating member 60 moves in the +Z direction. The probe 62 of the evaluation unit 11 moves away from the connection pad 15p of the measurement unit 15. The probe 62 of the preparation unit 20 moves away from the connection pad 61p of the resistor 61. Before the third solar cell element 1c is transported, the connection between the third solar cell element 1c and the resistor 61 is released.

[0066] The transport device 18 and the rotating member 60 also extend in the −X direction of the preparation unit 20. The worker connects the cable 6 of the third solar cell element 1c, which is at position A, to the probe 62 of the rotating member 60.

[0067] 8 and 9, hook 75 of the synchronously moving portion of rotating belts 71, 72 enters through hole 5 of third solar cell element 1c at position A. Hook 75 enters through hole 5 from the -Z direction of third solar cell element 1c. Because the top of hook 75 in the +Z direction is convex, hook 75 can easily enter through hole 5. At position A, hook 75 of the synchronously moving portion of rotating belts 71, 72 is at the center of through hole 5 in the Y direction.

[0068] 5 transports the third solar cell element 1c in the +X direction. The third solar cell element 1c after evaluation leaves the evaluation unit 11 at position C, and the third solar cell element 1c before evaluation enters the evaluation unit 11. The third solar cell element 1c that was at position A enters the preparation unit 20. In synchronization with the transport device 18, the synchronous movement portion 64 of the rotating member 60 moves in the +X direction.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 7, the synchronously moving portion of the first rotary belt 71 is inclined in the +Y direction from position A to position B.

[0070] FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the X portion at position B in FIG. 7 . FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 10 . At position B, the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71 and 72 protrude in the +Z direction of the through-hole 5 of the third solar cell element 1c. At position B, the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the first rotating belt 71 move to the +Y-direction end of the through-hole 5. The hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71 and 72 engage with the through-hole 5. The third solar cell element 1c is pulled in the Y direction by the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71 and 72. At the evaluation unit 11 at position B shown in FIG. 7 , the deflection of the third solar cell element 1c is eliminated. At the evaluation unit 11, the transport device 18 can adsorb the third solar cell element 1c. At the evaluation unit 11, sufficient light is irradiated onto the third solar cell element 1c. In the preparation section 20 between positions A and B, the third solar cell element 1c is pulled in the Y direction as it is transported in the +X direction. In the preparation section 20 as well, the third solar cell element 1c is sufficiently irradiated with light.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 7, the synchronously moving portion of the first rotary belt 71 is inclined in the −Y direction from position B to position C.

[0072] 12 is an enlarged view of portion XII at position C in FIG. 7 . FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12 . At position C, the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the first rotating belts 71 move to the −Y direction end of the through-hole 5. At position C, the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 exit in the −Z direction from the through-hole 5 of the third solar cell element 1c. Because the −Y direction end of the hooks 75 is inclined in the −Y direction toward the −Z direction, the hooks 75 easily exit from the through-hole 5. The engagement between the hooks 75 of the synchronously moving portions of the rotating belts 71, 72 and the through-hole 5 is released.

[0073] The worker disconnects the cable 6 of the third solar cell element 1c at position C from the probe 62 of the rotating member 60. The third solar cell element 1c is removed from the performance evaluation device 10 after evaluation.

[0074] The rotating member 60 moves in the -Z direction. The probe 62 of the evaluation unit 11 comes into contact with the connection pad 15p of the measurement unit 15. The probe 62 of the preparation unit 20 comes into contact with the connection pad 61p of the resistor 61. After the third solar cell element 1c is transported, the third solar cell element 1c and the resistor 61 are connected. After the third solar cell element 1c is transported, the resistor 61 of the third solar cell element 1c adjacent in the -X direction to the third solar cell element 1c that was disconnected from the resistor 61 before the third solar cell element 1c was transported is connected to that resistor 61. The resistor 61 is connected to the multiple third solar cell elements 1c in order.

[0075] As described above in detail, the solar cell element performance evaluation device 10 in the third embodiment further includes the endless rotating member 60. The rotating member 60 includes a synchronously moving portion 64 that is movable in synchronization with the transport device 18. The rotating member 60 holds the probe 62 that is capable of connecting the cable 6 extending from the third solar cell element 1c to the resistor 61. The rotating member 60 is movable in the Z direction that intersects with the surface of the connection pad 61p of the resistor 61.

[0076] The rotating member 60 and the transport device 18 work together to connect the resistors 61 to the plurality of third solar cell elements 1c in sequence. The number of resistors 61 corresponds to the number of third solar cell elements 1c included in the preparation unit 20. Since only a small number of resistors 61 is required, the cost of the performance evaluation device 10 is reduced.

[0077] The probe 62 can connect the cable 6 extending from the third solar cell element 1c to the measuring unit 15 of the evaluation unit 11. With the cable 6 extending from the third solar cell element 1c connected to the probe 62, the third solar cell element 1c can be connected in turn to the resistor 61 of the preparation unit 20 and the measuring unit 15 of the evaluation unit 11. The evaluation time of the performance evaluation device 10 is shortened.

[0078] The performance evaluation device 10 further includes a tensioning mechanism 70. The tensioning mechanism 70 pulls the third solar cell element 1c in the Y direction, which intersects with the -Z direction, which is the light irradiation direction of the first light source 12 and the second light source 22. The bending of the third solar cell element 1c is eliminated. The transport device 18 can adsorb the third solar cell element 1c. The third solar cell element 1c is sufficiently irradiated with light.

[0079] The solar cell element 1 is not limited to the first solar cell element 1 a, the second solar cell element 1 b, and the third solar cell element 1 c. As long as the preparation unit 20 can connect a resistor to the solar cell element 1, the performance evaluation device 10 can handle all solar cell elements 1.

[0080] According to at least one of the embodiments described above, the solar cell element 1 including the perovskite semiconductor has a preparation unit 20 that irradiates the solar cell element 1 with light before evaluating the power generation performance of the solar cell element 1. This can shorten the evaluation time of the performance evaluation device 10. Note that, although each embodiment has been described as having a configuration in which the solar cell element has two terminals, it may also be a three-terminal type with a GND between them, or a four-terminal type with two pairs of positive and negative electrodes.

[0081] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention described in the claims and their equivalents.

[0082] 1...solar cell element, 2...terminal, 3...cable, 10...performance evaluation device, 11...evaluation unit, 12...first light source, 15p...connection pad, 18...transport device, 20...preparation unit, 22...second light source, 30...support member, 31, 41, 51, 61...resistor, 32, 42, 52, 62...probe, 50, 60...rotating member, 61p...connection pad, 54, 64...synchronous moving part, 70...tensioning mechanism.

Claims

1. A solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus having a first light source for irradiating light on a solar cell element including a perovskite semiconductor, and an evaluation unit for evaluating the power generation performance of the solar cell element; and a preparation unit having a second light source for irradiating light on the solar cell element before being conveyed to the evaluation unit, and for preparing the evaluation of the power generation performance of the solar cell element. A solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus.

2. The preparation unit has a resistor that can be connected to the solar cell element to form a closed circuit. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 1.

3. A transport device that extends in a first direction from the preparation unit toward the evaluation unit, supports the solar cell elements arranged side by side, and transports the solar cell elements to the evaluation unit in order. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 2.

4. Before the solar cell element is transported, the connection between the solar cell element and the resistor is released. After the solar cell element is transported, the solar cell element adjacent to the upstream side of the solar cell element in the first direction, from which the connection to the resistor has been released, and the resistor are connected. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 3.

5. The preparation unit has the resistor and a probe capable of connecting the resistor to the solar cell element. The probe is movable in a direction intersecting the surface of the terminal of the solar cell element. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 4.

6. The resistor moves in synchronization with the solar cell element while being connected to the solar cell element. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 3.

7. Further comprising an endless rotating member including a portion movable in synchronization with the transport device. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 6.

8. The rotating member holds the resistor and a probe capable of connecting the resistor to the solar cell element. The rotating member is movable in a direction intersecting the surface of the terminal of the solar cell element. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 7.

9. Further comprising an endless rotating member including a portion movable in synchronization with the transport device. The rotating member holds a probe capable of connecting between a cable extending from the solar cell element and the resistor. The rotating member is movable in a direction intersecting the surface of the connection pad of the resistor. The solar cell element performance evaluation apparatus according to Claim 4.

10. The probe can connect between a cable extending from the solar cell element and a connection pad of the evaluation unit. The apparatus for evaluating the performance of a solar cell element according to claim 9.

11. The apparatus further includes a tension mechanism for pulling the solar cell element in a direction intersecting the light irradiation directions of the first light source and the second light source. The apparatus for evaluating the performance of a solar cell element according to claim 9.

12. The second light source is an LED. The apparatus for evaluating the performance of a solar cell element according to any one of claims 1 to 11.