METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE APPLICATION OF POSITIVE LOCKING LOAD FOR BAR-SHAPED FIBER COMPOSITE STRUCTURES AND THE DESIGN THEREOF.

Abstract

Methods and related compositions for producing positive locking load application for bar-shaped fiber composite structures, and the design thereof, are described. The present invention relates to a method for producing positive locking load application for tension-compression bars from a hollow plastic fiber structure by means of an outer sleeve. In this process, a force drives the hollow plastic fiber structure at least partially onto at least one force-applying element, which is provided with at least one notch to create a positive locking connection.An objective of the present invention is achieved through local heating of the hollow plastic fiber structure to the plasticity point of the hollow plastic fiber structure, at least in the region of the force-applying element notch(s), and the application of at least one outer sleeve to the hollow plastic fiber structure in the force-applying element region.

Description

METHOD TO PRODUCE THE LOCKING LOAD APPLICATION POSITIVE FOR Ei FIBER COMPOSITE MATERIAL ACE BAR-SHAPED AND THEIR DESIGN CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application claims the priority benefit under 35 USC § 119 of German Application No. DE 10 2019 00 S 200.9, filed on September 5, 2019. The prior application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF THE INVENTION. The invention relates to a method for producing the application of a positive driving stop for bar-shaped fiber composite material structures, and also to a traction bar having a positive locking mechanism. BACKGROUND The competitiveness of fiber-reinforced structural steel in the aerospace industry, specifically in the form of bars or compression-tension bars, is primarily determined by their weight, manufacturing costs, impact damage behavior, buckling resistance, and tensile strength. These components are mainly produced using a thermoset matrix combined with high-performance carbon fibers. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing costs of compression-tension bars by using a thermoplastic matrix in combination with appropriate processes to produce positive locking force application. Furthermore, the use of a thermoplastic matrix can positively influence the strength retained after impact damage. Several solutions are already known for methods to produce the application of positive blocking load for fiber composite structures formed in 10 bars with a nía trie thermopplást lea . Patent DE 10 2010' 053'732 .Al refers to a stabilizer bar for a motor vehicle, as well as methods for its manufacture. The stabilizer bar is characterized by an essentially curved tubular component 15. The component is made of fiber-reinforced plastic with a thermoplastic matrix. At least at one of its ends, the tubular component is overlapped with a second metallic component. In this design, the material of the tubular component is connected to the second component 20 in a positive-locking manner. The positive lock is achieved by braiding and / or wrapping around the second component. Document DE 10 2014 004 58 A1 describes a method for producing structural elements from load-bearing elements and hollow profiles of plastic fiber composite material. The method comprises, among others, the following steps: insertion of the load-bearing element, which is provided, with at least one notch, into the hollow profile of plastic fiber composite material; local heating of the profile until deformability in the notch region of the load-bearing element; placement of the profile in a mold, wherein the aforementioned steps of the method may be carried out exceptionally in a different sequence; and injection molding of the finished compound onto the deformable profile in the mold in the notch region. The use of the injection molding method, which is suitable for large-scale production, is disadvantageous here. Due to the use of the injection molding method and the necessary molds, manufacturing costs are higher, especially for small batches. Document DE lé 2014 11973L M describes a method for transferring flexible fluid lines and a fluid line with a braided wrap. The fluid lines consist, among other things, of braid supports made from fiber composite material. The matrix of the braid supports consists of at least one thermoplastic. The braid supports are integrally fixed to the ends of the fluid line and are made of the thermoplastic matrix. The braid supports are attached to the ends of the fluid line, particularly by means of magnetic welding. Here Jes des venta José que el pr incipie da· la oonfor marión: 5 magnetic se usar para la composición de la conexión integral:, SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In certain fashions, the alleged invention relates to a method for producing the application of a positive locking load to a tension-compression bar. The method comprises driving a hollow plastic fiber structure at least partially onto at least one force application element, wherein the force application element has at least one notch creating a positive locking connection between the hollow plastic fiber structure and the force application element. The method further comprises heating the hollow plastic fiber structure to the plasticity point of the hollow plastic fiber structure. The heat is applied at least in the region of the notch(s) of the force application element. The method also includes applying an outer sleeve to the hollow plastic fiber structure in the region of the force application element. In certain embodiments, the outer sleeve is made of a plastic matrix material. In one particular embodiment, the application of the outer plastic sleeve is achieved by wrapping the hollow plastic fiber structure with the plastic matrix material in line with the notch(s) in the force-applying element. The hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the notch of the force-applying element in a positive-locking manner. In some forms, the outer sleeve is a fiber-reinforced plastic, and the reinforced plastic is made of a thermoplastic matrix material or matrix material that is impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix material or thermoset matrix material during wrapping of the structure. In certain embodiments, the spherical sleeve is metallic. In one particular embodiment, the application of the metallic outer sleeve is achieved by forming. The hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the notch of the application element in a positive locking manner. In additional embodiments, the metallic outer sleeve is formed by magnetic forming, a pressing process, or hydroforming. In certain modalities, the notch(s) of the 2S element ,η·]ηΊ:ηζη of nut s- foícsn in the axial and / or radial direction with respect to the rough fiber structure of In other embodiments, according to the present invention, the outer sleeve is reinforced with fiber, and the 5 fibers in the fiber are oriented predominantly in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the tension-compression bar. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to a tension-compression bar comprising a hollow plastic fiber structure, a force application element with notch(s), and an outer sleeve, wherein the hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the notch(s) of the force application element in a positive-locking manner. The outer sleeve makes contact with the hollow plastic fiber structure, and the orientation of the fibers of the hollow plastic fiber structure is predominantly in the axial direction... In certain modalities, a tensile load is achieved by means of a dispositive block between the force application element and the hollow plastic fiber structure by means of a lever: a eh the „ I1d force application♦ In certain modalities, a compressive load is achieved through a positive lock between the application element 2S of force and the hollow plastic fiber structure by means of at least one notch in the force application element. In other modalities, a compressive load is achieved by means of a hollow plastic fiber structure that is S is secured against a flange of a: element of force, In ? u modalities, the plastic fiber bone structure comprises a tarmoplastic matrix material. In certain embodiments, the force application element is made of a plastic, a plastic reinforced with short fibers, or a metallic material. In still other embodiments, the force application element comprises a fly. In certain models, the outer sleeve of the bar 1S of t race :> ou-eumf; re;·:·! fu comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic, where the plastic is a thermoset matrix material or a thermoplastic matrix material. In other embodiments, the outer sleeve is a metallic material. In still other embodiments, the outer sleeve is a :20 plastic fiber composite material sheath made of at least one laminated layer. In some models, the hollow plastic fiber structure comprises carbon fibers, glass fibers, and / or aramid fibers. In other models, an outer sleeve consists of a plastic reinforced with carbon fibers, glass fibers, and / or aramid fibers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional representation of a tension-pressure cake (1) made of a hollow thermoplastic structure: material composed of plastic fiber (U), force application elements (OI) with grooves (6) and with an internal thread (4) and external sleeves (5) <. Figure 2A illustrates a cross-sectional representation of a hollow, undeformed composite structure of plastic fiber (1), of an application element (3) with notches (δ), of the reinforced hollow fiber profile (2) into which a nut application element (3) with notches (δ) is inserted. Figure 2B illustrates a cross-sectional representation of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) that is partially deformed by the applied heat: in the :Flpura· 2fp of: an application element 26 of a notched (6) wrench (3), of a plastic fiber composite material (9) in:n Positive locking contact, the application of a plastic fiber composite material wrap (9) by means of an advance (11) and a rotation (10) of a pressure-compression bar. Figure 2C illustrates the cross-sectional representation of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) that partially deforms from a force application element (3) with notches (6) of an outer sleeve, in positive block contact, made of the plastic fiber composite material (9) shown in Figure 2B. The hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) in Figures 2A to 2C also changes into a positive block conformation with respect to the force application element (3). Figure 3A illustrates a cross-sectional representation of an undeformed hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2), of a force application element (3) with notches (6); the heating of the fiber-reinforced hollow profile (2) where a force application element (3) with notches (6) is inserted. Figure 3B illustrates a cross-sectional representation of a hollow structure, made of a composite material of 20 plastic fibers (2), a force application device (3) with grooves (6), an outer metallic sleeve (5), a coil (12), the application of a current (13) for the magnetic shaping of an outer metallic sleeve (15)... Figure 3C illustrates a cross-sectional representation of a hollow plastic fiber composite material structure (2) that is partially deformed by a nut application element (3) with a notched outer metal sleeve (5) in positive locking contact. The hollow plastic fiber composite material structure (1L) in Figures 1L-3C is also altered into a positive locking conformation with respect to the nut application element (3). Figure 4A illustrates a cross-sectional representation of the application of a tension-compression nut (1) made of a plastic fiber composite structure (3), a force application element (3) with notches (6) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (4) and with an outer sleeve (5) made from a fiber composite shell. Figure 4B illustrates a cross-sectional representation of the force application for tension-compression bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) < of a force application element (3) with notches (fe) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and without an internal thread (4) and with a static outer sleeve (5). Figure 5A illustrates the cross-sectional representation of the force application: for traditional tools made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (ML). An application element of force {3} has notches (6) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and an internal groove (4) and an outer sleeve made from a plastic fiber composite material. Figure 5B illustrates a cross-sectional representation of the force application for tension-compression bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2), a force application element (3) with notches (6) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (4) and with an outer metallic sleeve (5). Figure 6 illustrates a cross-sectional representation of the force application for tension-compression bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2), a force application element (3) with a notch on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (4) and with an outer metallic sleeve (5). (S) made from a layer of material made of plastic fiber or of Wtáliss material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for producing a positive locking load application for fiber composite bar structures, such as composite bars, where a hollow body is made of fibers, such as carbide fibers, and a matrix, such as a thermoplastic matrix. For the manufacture of the positive locking connection, a hollow profile, such as a thermoplastic reinforced plastic, is used, which has no structural core or lost core. This offers the advantage of making the hollow profile economically feasible to manufacture as a continuous profile. The invention can be used, for example, in the aerospace field. According to another aspect of the invention, six provides a method for producing the application of a positive locking load to a tension-compression bar comprising a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material and an outer sleeve. The following steps of the method can be carried out in an arbitrary sequence or simultaneously once the hollow plastic fiber structure is at least partially over at least one force application element. In certain embodiments, the method comprises placing (e.g.)(i) driving a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material, wholly or partially, onto at least one force-applying element that is provided with at least one notch to create a positive locking connection; (ii) locally heating the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material to the plasticity point of the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material, at least in the region of the notch(s) of the force-applying element; and (iii) applying at least one outer sleeve to the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material in the region of the force-applying element. In certain embodiments, the above steps can be carried out consecutively in the order of step (i), step (ii), and step (ii). In other embodiments, step (i) is followed by steps (ii) and (ii), which are carried out simultaneously. The nut application element can serve as a shaping and support structure for the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material. In cavities, the fibers in a fiber-reinforced outer sleeve can be oriented at least predominantly in the circumferential direction with respect to the tension-compression bar. In certain embodiments, the invention can be employed for methods to produce positive locking connections in the application area of ​​the device, particularly for fiber-reinforced tension-compression bars. In a particular embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the tension-compression bar (1) is made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber (2) with a broken-down pattern. Carbon fibers and / or other abrasive fibers and / or strands can be used in the hollow structure. In certain embodiments, the fibers are predominantly oriented in the direction of the axial profile and, in this way, offer high tensile strength and high buckling resistance. i$ Force application elements (1) with an internal rose (4) are used to transmit the load O). L.aWÉWen the Figure 1 represents an application of force. In cintras' modalities, the element be api 1 falls ion of force serves as a shaping structure and supports for 15 : o ; n jμ' a . si«' ' 1 n. 1 ' o a. t ' u'. x. aa órnen to asé aplx-canme de ruerna puede? hacer ce un plástico, un plástico retornado con fibras cortas o un materiales metallica. The force application element can be of 2d any suitable shape. For example, suitable force application element shapes include curved shapes, angular shapes, or any combination thereof. In certain modalities, there may be at least 1 hand, 2 breasts, at least 3 breasts, 4 breasts, at least 5 breasts, at least 6 breasts, at least 7 breasts, at least 8 breasts, 9 monkeys, or a greater number of breasts. Furthermore, in some modalities, the notches have the same shape. In other modalities, some notches may have the same shape while other notches have 5 different shapes. In still other modalities, all the notches have different shapes. Figures 2A-2C illustrate one method for producing the application of a positive blocking load. In a first stage, a force application element (3) or several force application elements (3) and at least one hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) are driven partially between a core (15). In a subsequent stage, when part of the hollow structure (2) is heated locally in a heating zone (8) and driven onto the force application element, the force application element (3) is first inserted into the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) and then heated locally in a heating zone. During or as a result of the local heating in the heating zone, the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) is heated to the point of deformability. During the local heating (A in Figure 2A), or ....Theoc , ex core (15) can be placed in a machine to wrap the end region 25 of the tracing-compression bar {!). Figure 2B describes a wrapper of the compression bar: a wrapper of material <umípuestc de fibra de plástico (9)fen donde lee fibras de la envoltura de material compúésta de fibra de plástico (9} se r:·?5 impregnan o se impregnan gcm wwtw envoltura. Fuede utilizan^ w temmopMstdc© o un. plástico termoestable como la matriz para la envoltura de material compuesto. En el caso de un material de matriz termoplásticn, el material se funde en el proceso. En el caso de un material 10 de matriz de plástico termoestable, el material, se cura en una etapa proceso adicional. La envoltura circunferencial reforzada con fibra se produce <a través dé la iot-anlch de una máquina bpbinadcra; ilcl) y un; avance· correspondiente en:da dlreccóon da bobinado uprrespeadietó {11). 1s debido a que estructura bueca material compuesto fibras plástico (2) es deformadle durante 1.a en voltura# se forma conexitó precisa bloqueo positivo ίο u . ' k rn. ^n c 5 to! n: $r ., ts...-:- i (3) con hue-'s fibra (2). aquí, las muescas (6) pueden formarse dirección axial o radial con. respecto al eje rotación. las etapas del método representadas figura 2a 2b llevarse cabo ópolónalmetóe s ué « rb t r mu 11 á n e am é la 2c muestra región do extremó ce 1 barra trxclivctnpreul: í 1) donde extremo baos ewdltura (9) corso 2b. envoltura cónstituye oh manguito exterior (5). después etapa 20, retira el núcleo ir. la. traccrór-compresión (1) que. produce puede completarse aún. más, según sea necesario,, para hacer 10 producto final proceso adicionales tal come torneado, pintura lo similar. ©tro inípleméntar traccion-eompresién figuras 3a-3c muestran, e.g., conformación magnética. cuando utiliza magnética, menos un metálico {5} varios manguitos exteriores metálicos (5) impulsan sobré (15j como 3á. el impulsa parcialmente sobre hueca 20 elemento aplicación fuerza (3}. ló cual, tiene lugar calentamiento local nona (8), uceo 3a. en siguiente etapa, π5) , junto 25 (2), wnquito oslocan en. sistema pare confcrmación muestre 18. deforma sin contacto mediante impelen alta corriente (13) bobina (12) como resultado estructura: defgrmable igual moda manera conexión w (ver 3c), uespués la,. 3^ retira' núcleo: (is) .alternativamente., aplicarse -más manguitos: metálicas otros métodos, tales procesos prensado hidroformación, por ejemplo, 15 magnética sin. contacto.. cualquier alternativo este tipo daría similarmente defórmatele formara modo región, muescas, forme positivo. aplicar precisión uno más elemento(s) dv .4 i.'vmn me ta plástico, núcleo.. troicción-compresión pata procese adicióneles, pintora sémiiar. le rosca interna tuerca estar presente antes producirse prpoesamlento posterior, ademá-s, ciertas modalidades, tracción-compresión hecha renos capa laminada. muda1idadasfla edmpusato píastico q manguito reforjado comprenden son carbono, vidrio, aramida rom roo ion mismas. hosca compuesta, él retornado pusdep componerse continuas, largas., cortas combinación delas -llamas. además,- mó-dalidades dbndé:el man.gui.t-o comprende útilloarse termopilatices plásticos tempes hables. los ejemplos termoplásticoc termosstablas utilizarse incluyen ápóxi, ?ps (sulfuro polifenile.no}, psek (foliéter éter cotona!, raek (püliaroete gna e-ombinación· loe mlsmps> In modalities where the outer sleeve comprises a metallic material, the following suitable metallic materials that can be used for the outer sleeve include titanium, steel, and aluminum. For the hollow plastic fiber structure, thermoplastics can be used. Examples of suitable thermoplastics that can be used for the hollow structure include thermoplastic materials such as ES, PE1K, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the force-applying element may be made of a plastic, a plastic reinforced with specific fibers, or a metal. The force-applying element may comprise continuous fibers, specific fibers, or a combination thereof. In embodiments where the force-applying element comprises a plastic, suitable plastics for the force-applying element include, for example, EPS, FEEK, EAEK, and similar materials. The Figures show additional design configurations for a positive locking force application according to the present invention. Each of these configurations can be employed either by positive locking by wrapping or positive locking by forming. The locking element is characterized in that it has at least one notch for the transmission of tensile and / or compressive forces. Both tensile and compressive loads can be transmitted with the force application elements of Figures 4A-5H. Figure 4A shows a cross-sectional representation of the force application for 5 tension-compression bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (o), of a force application element (3) with notches (c6) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (4) and with an outer sleeve (c5) made from a plastic fiber composite material sheath. Figure 4H shows a cross-sectional representation of the force application for tension-compress bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber material (21), of a force application element (3) with notches (6) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (M) and with an outer metallic sleeve (M). Figure 5Á ruesi.ru a representation in socoí. transverse force application for tension-compression bars (1) made of a hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2j, of a force application element. 3) with notches (5} on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal thread (4) and an outer sleeve (5) made to: starting from a plastic fiber composite material wrapper. The .Elgur a SB shows, a . reptes in tan a&n in section, transversal, of the .application of. .nut for tension-compression bars (1) roofs of a -ctructu-: nuccA ic composite material of fiber, of plastic (2)f of a force application element (3) with notches (β) on the outer surface of the force application element (3) and with an internal rcsoa €41 and ran ún sleeve eMdrfor meta 11 te? (5h is M the modality.!dad postrada en. la Figura ó, se maestra una representación en sección de el aplicación de fuerza para bares de tensión-compresión (1) tesas de una estructura hueco de material compuesto de fibra de plástico (23, de uó elementoe de aplicacícacicn de fuerza (3> con una notada (6) en la is superficie exterior del elemento de aplica de fuerza (3), con· una: hilo, .interna (di·, con: un refle í.14) y con un manguito exterior (5) hecha de una envuelto de material compuesto de fibra de plástico o de un material metallic. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the notch in the force-applying element (3) is used for the transmission of action loads. In the case of compressive loads, the hollow structure of plastic fiber composite material (2) is secured to the flange of the force-applying element (3), so that the compressive load is transmitted from the force-applying element (3) to the profile. In certain embodiments, where the outer sleeve is made of a metallic material, the metallic sleeve has a defined wall thickness and follows the contour of the force-applying element. In embodiments where the outer sleeve is made of a plastic fiber composite material sheath, it is possible to adapt the outer contour to a desired contour that does not strictly follow the contour of the force-applying element.In other modalities, an outer sleeve made of a fiber composite material wrap, or plastic, can have the same outer contour as the force-applying element. The modifications to the foregoing will be obvious to those with ordinary experience in the art, but would not modify the invention beyond the scope of the present invention. The following modifications should: i.iiitérpietáfse to· cover such: s-ituaúionea.

Claims

1» A.· meted© psassio .La :giicKiss. ​​ilc os positive locking for use pull bar-com^ comprising: s driving a hollow plastic fiber structure to the wall simply on at least one force application element, where the force application element comprises at least one notch, to create a positive connection between the hollow plastic fiber structure and the force application element; heating locally the hollow plastic fiber structure to the plasticity limit of the hollow plastic fiber structure, where the heat is applied at least in the line of the notch(s) of the force application element; and applying to the hollow plastic fiber structure in the: ; or - nut application demento.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve comprises a plastic matrix material, and wherein the application of the outer sleeve is achieved by wrapping the hollow plastic fiber structure with the plastic matrix material in the region of the notch in the force-applying element, wherein the hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the notch of the force-applying element in a positive-locking manner. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve is metallized, and wherein the application of the metallic outer sleeve is effected by forming, wherein the hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the notch of the force-applying element in a positive-locking manner.

4. The cathode according to claim 3, wherein the outer metallic sleeve is formed by magnetic forming, a pressing process or: hydraformation.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the outer sleeve is a fiber-reinforced plastic, and wherein the fiber-reinforced plastic comprises fibers that are pre-impregnated in a thermoplastic matrix material or thermosetting material and are impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix material or thermosetting material during wrapping, wherein the matrix material is wound under preload.

6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the notch (10) is formed in the axial and / or radial direction with respect to the hollow plastic fiber spiral. 25 7. The method according to any of claims 1, 2, 5 and 6, wherein the outer sleeve is made of fiber, and the fiber-reinforced outer sleeve is predominantly oriented in the zigzag direction with respect to the axis of the tension-compression bar.

8. A tension-compression bar comprising a hollow structure of plastic fiber, a fiber-reinforced outer sleeve, in 10 where the hollow plastic fiber structure makes contact with the (a) notch(s) of the force application element in a positive locking manner, wherein the outer sleeve makes contact with the hollow plastic fiber structure, and wherein the orientation of the fibers of the hollow plastic fiber structure 15 is predominantly in the axial direction. d, The tension bar of claim 8, wherein a tensile load is achieved by means of a positive lock between the force application element 20 and the hollow plastic fiber structure by means of at least one notch.

10. The trace bar lón-bomp res iδη according to the reiv-l.ndicáqa.^ E a fy §a dandd ®o: achieves .a compressive load medlaríte a positive lock between the force application element and the hollow structure: of plastic fiber by means of al mecos a “ónen 11. The traction bar-ccmp^ according to claims 8 to '9, wherein a compression load is achieved by means of the hollow plastic fiber structure secured to a flange of the api iriseisa de forna. 1.2 . The traction bar-ew^ according to claims 8 to II? wherein the hollow plastic fiber structure comprises a thermoplastic matrix material.

13. The pull-buy bar according to claims S to 12, wherein the nut application element is made of a plastic, a plastic reinforced with 15 short fibers or a metallic material.

14. The compression-traction bar according to claims 8 to 13, wherein the nut application element comprises a thread.

15. The tension-compression bar according to claims 8 to 13, wherein the outer sleeve comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the plastic of the outer sleeve is selected from the group consisting of: a thermoset matrix material and a thermoplastic matrix material.

16. The in-v o'i ' ' a.....> r '' 1 » rsí claims 8 to 14, wherein the outer sleeve comprises a material m. Ilion.

17. 1a. tension-compression bar according to claims 8 to 14, wherein the outer sleeve is a non-plastic fiber material wrap made of at least one laminated layer.

18. The traction-compression bar according to claims 8 to 17, wherein the hollow plastic fiber structure comprises one or more fibers, selected from the groups consisting of: carbon fibers, and aramid fibers.

19. la barra de *rv'uA comprendeón de acuerdo con las : » v ; J. , - ' ·. i ' ; _μ : ' x: <» / i 15 comprende en plástico :>'[<: .qo <- ί i br i,

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