AN INTEGRATED RADIOSONDE SYSTEM THAT MEASURES, TRANSMITS, AND PROCESSES ATMOSPHERIC DATA USING A METEOROLOGICAL BALLOON.

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated radiosonde system for measuring, transmitting, processing and reporting atmospheric data using a weather balloon. The control unit (7) stores pre-flight surface reference data in the internal memory unit (14); it determines the stable measurement by monitoring the measurements from the temperature sensor (4) and / or capacitive humidity sensor (5) and maintains it at the first sign of ascent. The ascent is verified by evaluating the data quality provided by the satellite-based positioning unit (10), the ascent time, the altitude gained and the consistency of the vertical velocity with the ascent. After verification, the correction determined with the stored measurement and reference data is applied. This aims to reduce the measurement effects caused by the preparation environment. The measurements are transmitted via the radio frequency communication unit (11) with information on device ID, sensor type, calibration, operating status and data integrity.The software-defined radio receiver unit (15) and ground station processing unit (16) enable the reception, control and processing of data; the processing status information prevents the same correction from being applied again.

Description

1 TARIFF MEASURING AND TRANSMITTING ATMOSPHERIC DATA USING A METEOROLOGICAL BALLOON. AND A FUNCTIONING INTEGRATED RADIOSONDE SYSTEM Technological Field: The invention involves measuring and wirelessly transmitting atmospheric data using a weather balloon. It relates to an integrated radiosonde system for processing and reporting. State of the Art: Radiosonde systems are sent to different altitudes in the atmosphere using weather balloons. by being transmitted, meteorological information such as temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and wind is obtained. It is used in the measurement. Measurements taken from the device rising with the balloon are transmitted via radio 15. The data is transmitted via a connection to a ground station, where it is processed to produce atmospheric profiles and Meteorological reports are generated. The data obtained is used for weather forecasting, aviation, Because it can be used in many areas such as climate research, agriculture and disaster preparedness, It is important that the measurements are accurate and continuous. In current practices, the radiosonde device is most often placed in the area where the balloon will be released. Before being transported, it is prepared and checked in a closed or semi-closed environment. However, the temperature and humidity conditions of the environment in which the device is prepared, as well as the external environment, There may be significant differences between the conditions. The sensor has not yet fully adapted to the external environment. 25 its use allows errors originating from the preparation environment to be transferred to flight measurements. This could be the reason. Especially during rapid temperature changes, the sensor needs to become stable. This may take some time. Another challenge is accurately determining the balloon's actual launch time. Preparation 30 manually lifting the device, moving it to another location, or positioning it using satellite data during this process. Temporary deviations in its information give the impression that the device is starting to rise. 2 It can create. The decision to take off is based solely on a momentary change in altitude or a single movement. In systems where it is linked to a certain value, flight-related operations are performed before the actual takeoff. can be initiated. This situation leads to the storage of incorrect measurements and the inappropriate correction process. this could lead to the flight being applied at an inappropriate time or the flight record being created incorrectly. can open. 5 Temperature and humidity sensors used in radiosonde devices have different electrical characteristics. They can have various characteristics. NTC and RTD type resistance-based temperature sensors... Measurement pathways, conversion methods, and calibration requirements differ from one another. If software or a measurement method incompatible with the sensor type is used, 10 The raw material obtained may not be converted to the correct temperature value during production. The device ID, sensor version, installed software, and calibration information must all be in agreement. Failure to match them correctly can also lead to similar measurement errors. Receiving incomplete or corrupted telemetry packets during wireless communication 15 This is among the known problems. Having more than one radiosondet in the same area. If used, it is necessary to correctly identify which device the measurement belongs to. Device identity, sensor information, calibration status, and data integrity are adequately monitored. If this is not done, measurements from different devices may get mixed up or produce corrupted data. It can be included in meteorological calculations. In addition, the device has previously been used for 20 When the processing status of a corrected measurement is unknown, the same correction is applied. It is possible to re-implement it at the station. Raw measurements from sensors alone do not constitute a meteorological report. It is not possible to obtain the measurements with time, location and altitude information. 25 matching, validation, and information such as pressure and wind Calculations need to be made and the results converted into specific meteorological data formats. When the relationship between raw data and processed results is not adequately preserved, It is later determined which measurement and processing steps were used to obtain a value seen in the report. It is becoming difficult to determine. This situation necessitates post-flight error investigation and 30 This makes it difficult to improve the system. 3 Current systems include device electronics, embedded software, radio receiver, and calibration tool. And ground station software can be developed in different architectures or in closed systems. Solutions can be presented in this form. In such a structure, the sensor, telemetry format, or data... Changing the processing method can make it difficult to adapt other parts of the system. Radio receivers connected to fixed hardware also experience changes to a new signal or packet structure. 5 This may require additional hardware modifications. In addition, the sensors consist of electronic components within the radiosonde body and these components separating as much of the heat generated as possible from the atmosphere to be measured. It needs to have adequate contact with the air. Temperature and humidity sensors must be suitable. 10 positioning it where it shouldn't be can cause measurement delays or problems inside the body. This can cause the sensors to be affected by the conditions when they come into contact with the external environment. protection against mechanical impacts, while the motherboard and power supply are housed in a lightweight casing. Ensuring safe transportation within the system are also structural needs that must be addressed simultaneously. In conclusion, a new generation capable of overcoming the disadvantages mentioned above. Technology is needed. Description of the invention: The main purpose of the invention is to take measurements from different altitudes in the atmosphere using a weather balloon. reliable measurement of temperature, humidity, location and motion data, ground transmitted to the station and converted into usable meteorological information. The aim is to ensure that pre-flight environmental conditions are measured to avoid errors. its creation, the device's movement being perceived as takeoff, 25 different sensor types Incorrect processing of incoming data, data transmission during wireless transmission An integrated solution is provided for problems such as malfunction or mixing of components. Correction is performed immediately after the surface reference values ​​are transferred to the device. The fact that it is not done is one of the important advantages of the invention. The preparation environment and the balloon are 30 Because there may be a temperature and humidity difference between the indoor environment and the outside environment where it is left, Using a given measurement as a direct reference can introduce errors into flight data. 4 In the invention, sensor measurements are monitored until they stabilize, during the initial rise. The correct measurement is maintained and correction is only made after departure is confirmed. This is implemented so that the correction process is closer to the actual start of flight. It is carried out under these conditions. The decision to take off should not be attributed solely to a momentary change in altitude; a false takeoff is also a possibility. This reduces the likelihood of detection. The quality of the satellite data, the duration of the ascent, Consistency between the height gained and the vertical velocity with the uplift motion. This is being evaluated. This allows the device to be removed and its location changed during preparation. Flight operations were unnecessarily disrupted due to changes or temporary location errors. 10 initiation is prevented. The invention relates to different device versions that utilize NTC and RTD temperature sensors. It allows for management through a system infrastructure. Device ID, By evaluating the sensor type and calibration information together, the values ​​from each sensor are calculated as 15. It is processed in a way that is suitable for its own electrical measurement path and conversion method. Thus Temperature errors that may result from the application of an incorrect sensor method. while being scaled down, device versions suitable for different usage or cost needs are released. It can be improved. Measurements include device ID, sensor type, calibration information, and applied correction. Transmitting the data along with its status allows the source of the data to be tracked throughout the flight. Integrity information found in telemetry packets indicates missing or corrupted data. including identifiable and unsuitable packages in subsequent meteorological calculations This can be prevented. Also, a measurement that has been corrected on the device may not be repeated at the ground station. Applying the same data twice by preventing its correction It is being blocked. The use of software-defined radio receiver infrastructure for signal reception and decoding. It enables the development of communication methods through software. Communication 30 Any changes made to the structure or telemetry format of the receiver hardware will be completely eliminated. Necessary adaptations can be made without requiring replacement. Electronic board, embedded the design of software, communication infrastructure and ground station software together It facilitates the harmonious operation of system components. With the location, altitude and time information of the measurements accepted at the ground station. Thanks to the matching, not only the raw sensor values ​​but also the 5 that occur throughout the flight are recorded. A meteorological profile is also obtained. Pressure and wind information is available. Calculations can be made from measurements, and temperature and humidity changes can be graphed as a function of altitude. Being able to track and monitor the flight on a map makes it more understandable for the user. It offers observation opportunities. The data obtained can be used to create meteorological messages and reports. their transformation into other forms, enabling their use in other meteorological systems. It also makes things easier. The integration of raw data, corrected measurements, instrument information, and processing results. Storing them in a linked manner allows for retrospective review after the flight. It provides. The report specifies which device and sensor measurement provided a given value. and the specific processing steps involved in obtaining it can be determined. This applies to measurement and communication. or facilitates the identification of problems arising from data processing, as well as the system It also assists in development and maintenance work. The same preparatory infrastructure is used for the programming, identification, and calibration processes of the device. 20 carrying it out through this method prevents confusion that may occur during production. This reduces the need to select the appropriate software for the sensor version and verify the installation. and by reading back and checking the calibration information, incorrect software can be identified. This prevents the loading or matching of calibration data with an incorrect device. The transactions are recorded along with the device ID and software version, as well as the manufacturing and 25 It allows for tracking the care history. Protecting the electronic circuit board and power supply unit inside the radiosonde housing. The temperature and humidity sensors are located on a sensor carrier arm that extends outwards from the body. its positioning ensures that measurement and protection needs are met simultaneously. 30 It provides protection. The humidity sensor protective cover protects the sensor against mechanical damage. It helps the parts to continue interacting with the atmosphere while protecting them. 6 The fact that the device is assembled in a lightweight and portable housing also makes it suitable for meteorology. It creates a structure suitable for use with a balloon. Explaining the Figures: The invention will be described by referring to the attached figures, so that the features of the invention can be explained. It will be understood and appreciated more clearly, but the purpose of this invention is this obvious It is not about limiting it with regulations. On the contrary, the invention is defined by the accompanying claims. all alternatives, modifications, and options that could be included within the defined area The aim is to cover their equivalences. The details shown are only for 10 of the present invention. It is shown to illustrate the preferred arrangements and both the methods shaping, as well as the most useful and conceptual features of the invention's rules and principles It should be understood that these drawings are presented to provide an easily understandable definition. In these drawings; Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the operation of the system described in the invention. 15 Figure 2 shows the block illustrating the relationship between the NTC type temperature sensor and the control unit. It is a diagram. Figure 3 shows the block illustrating the relationship between the RTD type temperature sensor and the control unit. It is a diagram. Figure 4 shows the weather balloon, parachute, rope pulley, and radiosonde device in flight. It is a general view showing the arrangement of the elements in the layout. Figure 5 shows the front and rear body parts of the radiosonde device, and the temperature sensor. humidity sensor protective cover, radio frequency antenna and plastic This is a perspective view showing the handcuffs. Figure 6 shows the placement of the mechanical attachment clip on the radiosonde body. 25 It is the perspective view that shows. Figure 7 shows the on / off switch, USB-C data connection interface, and radio. This is a view showing the frequency antenna. Figure 8 shows the front and rear housing sections, radio frequency antenna, and flexible sensor carrier. 30 showing the placement of the handle, plastic clamp and mechanical fastening clip. This is a side view. 7 Figure 9 shows the front body of the radiosonde device with the rear body section removed. part of the main electronic board, batteries and sensor carrier arm It is a perspective view showing the layout. Figure 10. Electronic components on the main electronic board, USB-C data connection interface, flexible circuit connector and LED status 5 This is an enlarged detail view showing the layout of the indicators. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the rear fuselage section. Figure 12 Flexible structure carrying the protective cover for the temperature and humidity sensors. This is a perspective view of the sensor arm. Figure 13 shows the temperature sensor and 10 without the humidity sensor protective cover. placement of the capacitive humidity sensor on the flexible sensor arm It is the appearance that shows. Figure 14 is a perspective view of the humidity sensor protective cover. Figure 15 is a perspective view of the mechanical fastening clip. Figure 16 is a perspective view of the first rope pulley. 15 Figure 17 is a perspective view of the second rope pulley. Illustrations that will help understand this invention are shown in the attached image. They are numbered and their names are given below. Explanation of References: 1. Radiosonde body 1a. Front body part. 1b. Rear body part 25 2. Main electronic board 3. Sensor carrier arm 4. Temperature sensor 4a. NTC temperature sensor 4b. RTD temperature sensor 30 5. Capacitive humidity sensor 6. Humidity sensor protective cover 8 7. Control unit 8. Capacitance and resistance measurement unit 9. NTC measurement method 10. Satellite-based positioning unit 11. Radio frequency communication unit 5 11a. Radio frequency transmitter 11b. Radio frequency antenna 12. Power supply unit 12a. Battery 12b. Low voltage drop voltage regulation circuit 10 12c. On / off switch 13. USB-C data connection interface 14. Internal memory unit 15. Software-defined radio receiver unit 16. Ground station processing unit 15 17. Surface reference data source 18. Mechanical fastening clip 19. Data archiving and reporting module 20. Plastic handcuffs 21. Flexible circuit connector 20 22. Rope reel 22a. First rope pulley 22b. Second rope pulley 23. Weather balloon 24. Parachute 25 25. LED status indicators Detailed Description of the Invention: The terminology used here is intended solely to describe specific applications. 30 and does not limit the scope of the invention. Used here The term "and / or" refers to any of the items listed as related. 9 It includes one and all combinations thereof. Also, the singular "one" used here, "one" The terms "number" and "specified" are used in their plural forms unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise. It is designed to include singular forms such as those mentioned above. Furthermore, the terms used in this specification... The terms "includes" and / or "contains" refer to the specified features, steps, processes, It indicates the presence of elements and / or components, but one or more other 5 features, steps, processes, elements, components and / or groups thereof It will be understood that this does not exclude its existence or addition. Unless otherwise noted, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms), 10 in the sense that a person with general knowledge in the field to which this invention belongs would usually understand it. They have the same meaning. Furthermore, as defined in commonly used dictionaries... The terms will have a meaning consistent with the context of the relevant field and this explanation. it should be interpreted as idealized unless otherwise explicitly defined here. or it will be understood that it will not be interpreted in an overly formal sense. The description of the invention will reveal a series of techniques and steps involved. These are: Each of them provides benefits individually, and at the same time, one or more of them can be used together. In some cases, all of the other techniques described may be used in combination. Accordingly, To ensure clarity, each step in the disclosure of the invention should be presented as accurately as possible. By avoiding unnecessary repetition of all combinations, 20 Together, the specification and claims, such combinations fully constitute an invention and claims. It should be read with the understanding that it falls within its scope. The invention allows for the collection of meteorological data from different altitudes in the atmosphere using a weather balloon. taking measurements, transmitting measurements wirelessly to the ground station, control 25 for the purpose of collecting, processing, recording and converting into meteorological reports It is related to an integrated radiosonde system that has been developed. The invention includes a radiosonde suitable for transport by a weather balloon. a ground station that receives and processes data sent from the device 30 They work together. The radiosonde device generally consists of a radiosonde body (1), main electronic board (2), sensor carrier arm (3), temperature sensor (4), capacitive humidity sensor (5), humidity sensor protective cover (6), control unit (7), satellite-based positioning Detection unit (10), radio frequency communication unit (11), power supply unit (12), USB-C data connection interface (13), internal memory unit (14), mechanical fastening clip (18), plastic clamp (20), flexible circuit connector (21) and rope reel (22) It includes. On the ground side, the software-defined radio receiver unit (15), ground station 5 processing unit (16), surface reference data source (17) and data archiving and reporting module (19) is available. In the flight formation shown in Figure 4, the meteorological balloon (23) carries the radiosonde device. It enables it to rise in the atmosphere. Radiosonde device, string reel (22) 10 It is connected to the flight formation by the rope carried on it. Parachute (24), meteorology to reduce the rate of descent of the radiosonde following the bursting of the balloon (23) It is used for the purpose of meteorological balloon (23) and parachute (24). These are auxiliary elements shown to explain the order; these elements have their own structures. No new innovations are proposed in this regard. 15 The rope pulley (22) keeps the rope wound up before flight and during release. It is the mechanical part that enables the rope to be unwound. In one application, the rope is unwound to approximately 20 meters. A distance is created between the radiosonde device and the meteorological balloon (23). The purpose of the distance is to help reduce the balloon's impact on the measurement environment. 20 The approximate length of 20 meters is an example of the application described, and different... Other rope lengths can also be selected according to the usage conditions. The rope reel (22) has two alternatives with different body geometries. The first reel of rope (22a) shown in Figure 16 has 25 on a longitudinal winding body. The second rope pulley (22b), shown in Figure 17, has an open and different external shape. It includes a winding body. First rope spool (22a) and second rope spool (22b) are alternative structures that perform the function of carrying and unwinding the rope while it is wound. In the flight configuration, only one of these two pulley alternatives is used. As shown in Figures 5 and 8, the radiosonde body (1) is connected to a pre-body section (1a). It consists of a rear fuselage section (1b). The front fuselage section (1a) and the rear 11 housing part (1b), main electronic board (2), battery (12a) and associated electronics It creates an internal volume in which the components can be transported. The body parts of the device will keep electronic components together during balloon transport They are combined as shown in Figure 7. The on / off switch (12c) and USB- The C data link interface (13) can be accessed from outside the fuselage. The fuselage also contains radio 5 Transition for the extension of the frequency antenna (11b) and the sensor carrier arm (3) outwards. There are openings. Figures 5 and 8 show the front body part (1a) and the rear body. Part (1b) is shown on either side of the joint line on the side surface of the fuselage. In Figure 9, without showing the rear body part (1b), the front body part (1a) contains the main electronics. The placement of the card (2) and the batteries (12a) is explained. 10 The plastic clamp (20) shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8 is attached to the radiosonde body (1) lying around the front fuselage part (1a) and the rear fuselage part (1b) together It helps in holding it in place. The mechanical components shown in Figures 6, 8, and 15. The fastening clip (18) is a mechanical fastening element associated with the body. The clip has an opening of 15 Its structure provides a point of attachment for connecting the rope to the device. Plastic clamp (20) and mechanical fastening clip (18), holding the fuselage and connecting it to the flight formation They are separate parts that support each other's functions. The main electronic board (2) shown in Figure 9 is the measurement, control, 20 of the radiosonde device. electronic components related to location determination, wireless communication and power management It carries. Control unit (7), capacitance and resistance measurement unit (8), satellite based positioning unit (10), radio frequency transmitter (11a), voltage regulation circuit (12b), on / off switch (12c), USB-C data link interface (13) and flexible circuit The connection connector (21) is associated with this card. The enlarged detail in Figure 10 shows card 25 It shows the arrangement of the components on it. In an application, the control unit (7) a microcontroller, capacitance and resistance measurement unit (8) a measurement integrated circuit and satellite The positioning unit (10) based on the GNSS module is used. The components are example components that perform the functions described. Figure 10 shows three LED status indicators (25) on the main electronic board (2) LED status indicators (25), radio frequency communication, satellite-based 12 Control unit to provide visual information regarding location and battery status. It is related to (7). Three LEDs, with the common reference number (25) on the figure. The device's operating status is displayed and communicated to the user via light. The sensor carrier arm (3) shown in Figure 8, Figure 12 and Figure 13, radiosonde 5 extending outwards from its body (1) and the temperature sensor (4) and capacitive humidity It carries the sensor (5). In the application shown, the sensor carrier arm (3) is flexible. It is arranged as a sensor circuit (flexible) in a printed circuit board structure. Flexible sensor The circuit is connected to the main circuit via the flexible circuit connector (21) shown in Figure 9. It is electrically connected to the electronic board (2). Thus, the temperature sensor (4) and 10 Capacitive humidity sensor (5), one of the electronic components inside the housing It is kept at a distance and can come into contact with the atmospheric air being measured. The placement of the sensor carrier arm (3) extending outside the fuselage, the fuselage to the sensor arm It is related to the transition and support structure. Humidity sensor protective cover (6) shown in Figures 5, 9, 12 and 14, It is a mechanical protective part located around the capacitive humidity sensor (5). The humidity sensor protective cover (6) protects the sensor from the atmospheric air to be measured. to protect against external mechanical influences without completely preventing interaction. It helps to protect it. In Figure 13, the humidity sensor protective cover (6) 20 not shown and the capacitive humidity sensor (5) on the sensor carrier arm (3) Its location is clearly given. The temperature sensor (4) is located at the outer end of the same arm. It is shown by removing the protective cover (6) of the humidity sensor. It is for the purpose of explaining the settlement. In different applications of the invention, the temperature sensor (4), NTC temperature sensor (4a) or It can be configured as an RTD temperature sensor (4b). NTC temperature sensor (4a) and The RTD temperature sensor (4b) represents two separate radiosonde device versions. They do not necessarily have to be in the same device. The temperature sensor used... The method of taking and processing measurements varies depending on the type of measurement. 30 13 In the device version using the NTC temperature sensor (4a), the sensor is connected to the NTC measurement path. (9) is connected. The NTC measuring path (9) consists of a resistance divider, an electrical filter and a control. connections related to the analog-to-digital converter located within unit (7) It includes the resistance change of the NTC temperature sensor (4a), NTC measurement path (9) It is converted into a numerical measurement value and sent to the control unit (7) 5 is transferred. The control unit (7) transmits the obtained value to the NTC temperature sensor (4a). It determines the temperature value by processing the conversion and calibration information. In the device version using the RTD temperature sensor (4b), the sensor, capacitance and resistance It is connected to the measuring unit (8). In one application, the RTD temperature sensor (4b) is connected to the 10 It can be configured as a PT1000 type resistance temperature sensor and serves as a reference. Capacitance and resistance can be read through the unit of measurement (8) along with its resistance. The raw resistance value obtained by the capacitance and resistance measurement unit (8) and Information regarding the validity of the measurement is transmitted to the control unit (7). The control unit (7), The raw value in question is 15 with the calibration information of the RTD temperature sensor (4b). It obtains temperature measurements by processing the data. The capacitive humidity sensor (5) is connected to the capacitance and resistance measuring unit (8). The value obtained from the capacitive humidity sensor (5) is compared with a reference capacitor. It can be transferred to the control unit (7) as a raw capacitance ratio. The control unit 20 (7), the said raw material ratio together with the relevant calibration information and temperature measurement. It determines the relative humidity value by processing the data. The control unit (7) determines which temperature sensor version the device has. Its identity is determined via sensor type information or device configuration information. 25 Accordingly, the measurements from the NTC temperature sensor (4a) are suitable for the NTC measuring path (9). With this method, the measurements from the RTD temperature sensor (4b) are capacitance and resistance. It is processed using the method appropriate to the unit of measurement (8). Thus, different electrical outputs and temperature sensors with different conversion methods share the same general system infrastructure. It is ensured that it can be managed within. 30 14 The internal memory unit (14) is a permanent memory area located within the control unit (7). It is organized as follows. In the internal memory unit (14); device ID, device sensor version, calibration information, surface reference values ​​and processing status of measurements. Information related to the internal memory unit (14) can be stored. Although shown as a block, it does not necessarily have to be a separate external memory component. 5 USB-C data connection interface (13), preparation of the radiosonde device before flight, programming, reading or writing credentials, calibration information It is used for data transfer and device control. USB-C data connection In addition, information such as temperature, humidity, location, device status can be obtained via the interface (13). Wired telemetry data can be received. During the programming and calibration of the device, compatibility with the device's sensor version must be ensured. The embedded software is determined and controlled via the USB-C data link interface (13). It is loaded into unit (7). After the loading process, the software and device ID are 15 This can be verified. The coefficients obtained as a result of calibration or Calibration data is saved to the internal memory unit (14) and checked by reading it back. This allows for the identification of device ID, sensor version, embedded software version, and Calibration data can be correlated with each other. The power supply unit (12) is located on the main electronic board (2) It provides the electrical energy necessary for the components to operate. Power supply unit (12); battery (12a), power input paths, on / off switch (12c) and low voltage drop It includes a voltage regulation circuit (12b). In the application shown in Figure 9, two 12A batteries are used in series. On / off switch (12C), battery supply 25 It enables the opening and closing of the path. The voltage regulation circuit (12b), control unit (7), satellite-based positioning unit (10) and radio frequency communication It can create separate feed arms for unit (11). In one application, these arms can be three The LDO provides a 3.3 V supply via a voltage regulator. The device is ready for use during preparation. via USB-C data connection interface (13), and during flight via battery or batteries (12a) 30 It can be operated via [link / method]. Satellite-based positioning unit (10); position, altitude, speed and of the radiosonde device. It determines the time information. The satellite-based positioning unit (10) also obtains It generates one or more quality information regarding the quality of the acquired location data. This information is transferred to the control unit (7) and both flight data It is used both in the creation of the balloon and in determining its launch. 5 Radio frequency communication unit (11) is formed by the control unit (7). It transmits telemetry data wirelessly. Radio frequency communication unit. (11); radio frequency transmitter (11a), signal matching circuit and radio frequency antenna (11b) It includes. The radio frequency transmitter shown in Figure 10 (11a) is a 10 in one application. It is implemented with a radio frequency transmitter integrated circuit. Received from the control unit (7) Digital telemetry data is transmitted via radio frequency through the transmitter (11a) and signal matching circuit. It is transmitted to the antenna (11b). Radio frequency as shown in Figure 5, Figure 7 and Figure 8. The antenna (11b) is a wire antenna structure extending outwards from the body and is satellite-based positioning. It performs a different function than the antenna of the determination unit (10). Temperature, relative humidity, 15 Location, altitude, speed, time, device ID, sensor type, calibration status, and measurement. Information such as processing status is provided by the control unit (7) within the telemetry packet. It is organized and transmitted to the radio frequency communication unit (11). In the telemetry packet, device 20 identifies which radiosonde device the packet belongs to. It allows for the verification of identity and whether the data has been corrupted during transmission. There is at least one data integrity field provided. Additionally, the relevant measurement is available on the device. Telemetry also provides transaction status information indicating whether a correction has been applied. It can be added to the package. This allows a corrected measurement to be placed on the device. This prevents a second correction at the station. 25 During the pre-flight preparation phase, surface conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and surface altitude are assessed. Reference values ​​are taken from the surface reference data source (17). Surface reference data source (17), a data entry structure in which the user manually enters the measurement values ​​or It can be an external data source, such as a meteorological station. Surface 30 The reference values ​​are first sent to the ground station processing unit (16), and from there to the USB-C data The reference is transferred to the control unit (7) via the connection interface (13). 16 Reference values ​​are waiting in the internal memory unit (14) for use in flight. They are stored as values. A direct measurement is performed by transferring the surface reference values ​​to the device. The correction is not being applied. This is because the radiosonde device is being prepared in a sealed environment. the temperature and humidity conditions of the environment and the temperature and humidity of the external environment where the balloon is released The conditions may differ from one another. A measurement taken in the preparation environment... If used in direct correction, the difference in flight resulting from the preparation environment It can be transferred to the measurements. In order to reduce this problem, the control unit (7) checks the temperature before the flight. consecutive measurements taken from the sensor (4) and the capacitive humidity sensor (5) It monitors the data. If the measurements show stable behavior over a certain period of time... The relevant measurements are considered stable measurements. Stability assessment, 15 whether successive measurements remain within the specified stability conditions This is done taking this into consideration. The control unit (7) receives information from the satellite-based positioning unit (10). It detects the first sign of an upward trend. Detecting the first sign of an upward trend... Upon this, the stable sensor measurement, which was determined to be suitable at that stage, was performed internally. 20 It is preserved in the memory unit (14). However, the first sign of an upsurge appeared Its appearance alone is not considered sufficient to confirm takeoff. During the verification of takeoff, from the satellite-based positioning unit (10) data quality, duration of the ascent, altitude gained by the device, and 25 whether the determined vertical velocity is consistent with the upward movement This is being evaluated. Thus, the transportation of the device during preparation is for a short period of time. raising or temporary changes in satellite-based positioning information The changes are prevented from being accepted as a genuine departure. If takeoff conditions are not met, the device will be in pre-flight operational mode. The correction process based on surface reference values ​​remains unchanged and is not initiated. 17 If takeoff is confirmed, the internal data will be recorded using the appropriate measurement stored during the initial ascent. Surface reference values ​​stored in the memory unit (14) are used together. This At least one measurement correction value is determined based on the values, and the relevant meteorological data is used. is applied to the measurement. Thus, the correction process takes place in the device's preparation environment. not while it was there, but when it was exposed to external environmental conditions and the takeoff was confirmed 5 It is carried out in connection with the stage. The control unit (7) provides information on whether or not the measurement correction has been applied. It associates this with the data. Corrected measurement, device ID, sensor type, calibration. This information, along with the correction status, is included in the telemetry packet. Thus, 10 which device and sensor version the measurement was obtained from, and with what calibration information whether it was processed and whether a correction was made on the device at the ground station This can be determined by them. Signals sent from the radio frequency communication unit (11) are received by the ground side 15 It is received by the software-defined radio receiver unit (15). Software-defined radio The receiver unit (15) samples the received radio frequency signals and performs telemetry. It performs the necessary parsing operations to obtain the packets. The receiver architecture being software-defined, signal processing and data analysis methods This allows the hardware to be updated without completely replacing it. 20 Telemetry packets decoded by the software-defined radio receiver unit (15) are located The data is transferred to the ground station processing unit (16). The ground station processing unit (16) first It checks the data integrity field and device ID found in the packet. Integrity 25 that cannot pass the control, whose source cannot be determined or is not usable The data evaluated are not included in meteorological calculations. The ground station processing unit (16) takes into account the accepted temperature and relative humidity measurements, position, It matches altitude and time information. Pressure information is surface reference data. Pressure and altitude values ​​taken from the source (17) and altitude from the radiosonde device, 30 This can be calculated using temperature and humidity data. Wind direction and speed are also important factors. 18 Time-dependent motion information obtained from satellite-based positioning unit (10) This can be determined using [method]. Ground station processing unit (16) maps the position of the radiosonde device during flight. It can display temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and wind information according to altitude. It can present the changes in graphs. It can also show the connection status and the packets received. Validity, flight phase, and measurement status can be displayed to the user. Accepted raw data, processed meteorological values, instrument ID, measurement time, Location information and status information regarding applied processes data archiving and 10 In the reporting module (19), they are stored in connection with each other. Data archiving and reporting module (19), as a software function of the ground station processing unit (16) This can be done and does not require separate physical hardware. By storing raw and processed data together, a meteorological report can contain 15... Which device, which sensor measurement, and which process steps were used to obtain the field value? This can be examined later. Measurement, communication or data processing during flight. In the event of a problem arising from a source, the stored information will be used to identify the cause of the problem. The stage it has reached can be determined. Data archiving and reporting module (19) supports the obtained atmospheric profile. It can convert meteorological messages and data into various formats. In this context, TEMP, Meteorological data can be generated in the form of STANAG, PILOT and BUFR, or The existing encoded data can be decoded. The decoded data is supported. Depending on the application, the text can be exported in CSV or JSON format. 25 Meteorological bulletins, supported by messages indicating that observations could not be made, are also relevant. It can be prepared in a way that is compatible with the data structure. As a result, the invention includes sensors, electronic measurement paths, control unit (7), satellite-based Location determination unit (10), radio frequency communication unit (11), software defined 30 integrated radio receiver unit (15) and ground station processing unit (16) work together It creates a structure. Surface reference values ​​before flight. 19 storage, maintaining stable sensor measurement during the initial ascent and measurement the correction is applied after takeoff is verified with multiple motion criteria. thanks to the measurement effects that may arise from the preparation environment on the flight data. The transportation of data is reduced. Measurements are based on device ID, sensor type, calibration, and processing. The transmission of the situation information along with the measurement takes 5 minutes from the device to the meteorological report. It enables monitoring.

Claims

REQUESTS 1- The invention involves measuring meteorological data at different altitudes in the atmosphere and a radiosonde that can be carried by a weather balloon for wireless transmission. housing (1), main electronic board (2), temperature sensor (4), capacitive humidity sensor (5), 5 control unit (7), satellite-based positioning unit (10), radio frequency communication unit (11), power supply unit (12), data link interface (13) and control It is a radiosonde device that includes an internal memory unit (14) associated with unit (7), and its feature is;  Stores at least one surface reference data point obtained prior to flight in the internal memory unit. (14) to store, temperature sensor (4) and / or capacitive humidity sensor (5) 10 By monitoring successive measurements, we can determine a stable sensor reading, using satellite technology. first rise based on data received from the base positioning unit (10) Upon identification of the symptom, the stable sensor measurement in question is performed internally. to protect in the memory unit (14), from the satellite-based positioning unit (10) the quality of the acquired data, the ascent time, the height gained, and the vertical velocity are 15 to verify the takeoff by evaluating its consistency with the ascent and the takeoff After verification, the stored stable sensor measurement is used as a surface reference. using the data, the correction value for at least one meteorological measurement. to determine and apply the correction value to the relevant meteorological measurement It includes a control unit (7) configured to implement it. 20 2- It is a radiosonde device according to claim 1, and its characteristic is; temperature of surface reference data, It must include at least one of the following values: relative humidity, pressure, and surface altitude. surface reference data is transmitted to the control unit (7) via the data link interface (13) Internal memory 25 as reference data awaiting transfer and confirmation of departure. It is to be stored in unit (14). 3- A radiosonde device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its successive bursts. whether the sensor measurements remain within predetermined stability conditions by checking and determining stable sensor measurement and failure to meet takeoff conditions 30 in the case of maintaining pre-flight operational status without applying measurement correction It has a control unit (7). 21 4- A radiosonde device according to any of the previous requirements, whose characteristic is; temperature. its sensor (4), an NTC temperature sensor (4a) or an alternative device version The RTD is the temperature sensor (4b). 5- A radiosonde device according to claim 4, consisting of a resistance divider, filter and control. NTC measurement path (9) associated with the analog-to-digital converter inside unit (7) It has an NTC temperature sensor (4a) connected to it. 6- A radiosonde device according to claim 4, its characteristic being; 10 together with a reference resistor. It has an RTD temperature sensor (4b) connected to the capacitance and resistance measurement unit (8). It is the fact that. 7- It is a radiosonde device according to any of the previous requirements, and its characteristics are: Meteorological measurements device ID, sensor type, calibration information, measurement date 15 Transaction status information indicating whether it has been corrected and data integrity check. a telemetry packet with at least one integrity domain that enables it to be processed by bringing it to the control unit (7) which transmits it via the radio frequency communication unit (11) It is having. 8- It is a radiosonde device according to any of the previous requirements, and its main feature is; front body forming an internal volume that houses the electronic board (2) and the power supply unit (12) part (1a) and rear body part (1b) extending out from the radiosonde body (1) and The sensor carrier arm (3) carrying the temperature sensor (4) and the capacitive humidity sensor (5), moisture sensor protective cover (6) associated with capacitive humidity sensor (5) and 25 It includes at least one mechanical attachment clip (18) associated with the radiosonde body (1). 9- It is a radiosonde device according to claim 8, and its feature is that the sensor carrier arm (3), Flexible printed circuit board carrying temperature sensor (4) and capacitive humidity sensor (5) its structure and the flexible printed circuit board in question has a flexible circuit connector 30 (21) is characterized by its electrical connection to the main electronic board (2). It is done. 22 10- It is a radiosonde device according to claim 8, and its feature is; temperature sensor (4) sensor located at the outer end of the carrier arm (3) and capacitive humidity on the same arm around the sensor (5), the interaction of the sensor with the atmospheric air is completely Humidity sensor 5 positioned to provide mechanical protection without obstruction. It includes a protective cover (6). 11- It is a radiosonde device according to claim 8, and its characteristic is that the radiosonde body (1) lying around it, the front body part (1a) and the rear body part (1b) together a plastic clamp (20) that helps to hold and a separate piece from the said clamp 10 a mechanical device that is connected to the body and contains an opening for attaching the rope to the device. It includes a fastening clip (18). 12- It is a radiosonde device according to any of the previous requirements, and its characteristics are: 15 Connecting the radiosonde device to the flight formation created with the meteorological balloon (23) The string should be kept coiled before flight and uncoiled when the balloon is released. enabling the radiosonde device to create a distance between the meteorological balloon (23). It contains a rope reel (22). 13- The invention relates to meteorological measurements obtained by a radiosonde device during flight. 20 a measurement correction aimed at reducing the impact of prior environmental conditions It is a method, and its characteristic is;  at least one surface reference data point must be collected by the radiosonde prior to flight. transfer and storage in the internal memory unit (14),  25 consecutive readings from the temperature sensor (4) and / or capacitive humidity sensor (5) Determining a stable sensor measurement by monitoring the measurements,  First, based on the data received from the satellite-based positioning unit (10) Identifying signs of an upward trend,  Internal stable sensor measurement upon identification of the first sign of uplift preservation in memory unit (14), 30  The quality of satellite-based position data, ascent time, altitude gained, and Verification of takeoff by evaluating the consistency of vertical velocity with ascent, 23  After confirmation of takeoff, the surface is monitored with a stored stable sensor measurement. Correction of at least one meteorological measurement using reference data. determining its value,  Applying the said correction value to the relevant meteorological measurement and  Corrected meteorological measurement, with information indicating the status of the measurement processing. 5 steps of transmitting together via radio frequency communication unit (11) It includes. 14- It is a measurement correction method according to claim 13, and its characteristic is that it corrects the transmitted meteorological data. The measurement includes the device ID, sensor type, calibration information, and data integrity fields. together with the telemetry packet, the telemetry packet is placed in the software-defined radio receiver receiving through unit (15) source and integrity in ground station processing unit (16) It should be checked in terms of maintenance and the same correction should be made according to the transaction status information. The goal is to prevent its re-implementation at the station.

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