Structure with double framework made of concrete

Abstract

A structure includes a wall extending in a vertical direction and in a horizontal direction, and having a thickness in a transverse direction, the wall being formed by a row of first panels and a row of second panels arranged facing the first panels. The structure further includes a row of first hollow posts extending vertically and a row of second hollow posts extending vertically, the row of first hollow posts facing the row of second hollow posts. Each of the first panels being fixed to two successive first hollow posts and each of the second panels being fixed to two successive second hollow posts.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to the field of construction of buildings or structures, in particular buildings intended for regions subject to extreme natural hazards. The invention also relates to the field of methods for manufacturing such buildings.BACKGROUND

[0002] The construction of buildings in areas subject to extreme natural hazards such as earthquakes, cyclones, or heat waves must comply with safety standards specific to the country to which this region belongs and sometimes with additional standards specific to the area. Generally, buildings must be resistant to winds and earth movements, and have sufficient insulation.

[0003] To create such buildings, traditional construction using concrete bricks or terracotta with concrete beams is costly in terms of time and money, especially in isolated regions. Construction by juxtaposition of prefabricated concrete panels offers the advantage of speed in adding upper levels but requires significant means, in particular lifting means. In addition, additional insulation means must be provided for this type of construction.

[0004] Also known is construction by interlocking bricks filled with extruded insulation, to form walls. However, the construction's precarious anchoring to the ground is a major problem with this type of construction. There is known construction consisting of screwing fascia boards onto a slab, which will serve as rails for slotting a double panel comprising extruded insulation. The obtained structure does not have the necessary criteria to meet cyclone resistance requirements and it is not possible to reinforce the structure with wind-bracing buttresses. In addition, the insulation in its structures still needs improvement.

[0005] Also known is construction by juxtaposing quick-setting cement panels so that they face each other and form a wall on which polystyrene sheets are glued. The polystyrene sheets are narrower than the quick-setting cement panels so as to form a space intended for pouring concrete. This solution does not solve the problem of the differential pressure that can be encountered in cyclonic zones. This solution does not apply to wood construction. Given that quick-setting cement cannot be cut, this solution requires construction in multiples of the width of a panel unit. It also implies that all accessories for the construction of windows, doors, lintels and frames must be prefabricated. In addition, the pressure at the foot of the panels due to filling with concrete is not contained and therefore requires substantial shoring of each panel and a gradual pouring of the concrete. Since the facing panels are held together by the poured concrete, the entire wall absorbs the stresses and the same deformation will be observed on both sides of the wall. In addition, there is no insulation between the cement panels and the concrete posts, which creates a significant thermal bridge across the wall. The insulation of the resulting structure still needs improvement.The invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.SUMMARY

[0006] For this purpose, the invention proposes a structure comprising a wall extending in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and having a thickness in a transverse direction, said wall being formed by a row of first panels and a row of second panels arranged facing the first panels,

[0007] the structure further comprising a row of first hollow posts extending vertically and a row of second hollow posts extending vertically, the row of first hollow posts facing the row of second hollow posts,

[0008] each of the first panels being fixed to two successive first hollow posts and each of the second panels being fixed to two successive second hollow posts, and

[0009] wherein each of the first panels and second panels comprises a first layer, and

[0010] wherein said first hollow posts and second hollow posts are arranged between the first layer of the first panels and the first layer of the second panels, and

[0011] wherein the first hollow posts are spaced apart from the second hollow posts in the transverse direction by a distance at least equal to the width of the hollow posts.

[0012] A first framework is thus formed by the first posts and a second framework made of concrete is formed by the second posts. This double framework makes it possible to improve the resistance of the structure, in particular to the earthquakes and cyclones to which the structure may be exposed, in particular when concrete has been poured into said posts.

[0013] For example, the first framework with the first panels forms an outer face of the structure and the second framework with the second panels forms an inner face of the structure which defines the internal space of the structure.

[0014] Said first layer may be a layer of wood, in particular a plate of long, thin, oriented strands (or OSB for “oriented strand board”). The first layer may be a layer of fiber cement, glass fibers, carbon fibers, cardboard, or polymers made for example of plastic. Said first layer may be a layer of lightweight fiber cement sheets.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the first hollow posts and the second hollow posts may be arranged in staggered rows in the horizontal direction. For example, each first hollow post may be arranged substantially at the perpendicular bisector of the segment between two of the second hollow posts facing said first post. Said second hollow posts and said first hollow post thus arranged ensure transverse tripod stability and improve the structure's retention and support.

[0016] The hollow posts may be tubes made of plastic, in particular of polyvinyl chloride.

[0017] According to one embodiment, each of the first panels and second panels may comprise a first insulating element carried by the first layer.

[0018] The first insulating element may have dimensions equal to those of the first layer.

[0019] The first insulating element may be a layer of a first insulating material, for example a polymer, in particular extruded polystyrene. The first insulating element may have a thickness of between 10 mm and 30 mm, in particular approximately 20 mm. The first insulating element may be fixed to the first layer by any suitable fixing means, for example by screwing or gluing.

[0020] According to one embodiment, each of the first panels and second panels may comprise at least one second insulating element carried by the first insulating element. The second insulating element may comprise an insulating material having a lower density than the density of an insulating material of the first insulating element.

[0021] Advantageously, said at least one second insulating element may have a dimension in the horizontal direction that is equal to or slightly greater than the distance between two hollow posts.

[0022] Said at least one second insulating element may have a dimension in the horizontal direction that is equal to or less than the distance between two hollow posts.

[0023] The second insulating element may be a layer of a second insulating material having a lower density than the first insulating material. The second insulating material may be a polymer, in particular expanded polystyrene. The second insulating element may have a width that is less than the width of the first layer and a length that is greater than the length of the first layer, in particular from 5 cm to 15 cm greater. This allows leaving an empty space at the baseboards, or the foot, of the wall in order to allow the passage of wiring or piping. The second insulating element may have a thickness of between 50 mm and 150 mm, in particular approximately 100 mm. The width of the second insulating element may be between 30 cm and 70 cm, in particular equal to 50 cm. The second insulating element may be fixed to the first insulating element by any suitable fixing means, for example by screwing or gluing. The second insulating element may have a thickness or a dimension in the transverse direction that is substantially equal to the dimension of the hollow posts in the transverse direction.

[0024] The width of the first and / or second panels may be between 40 cm and 80 cm, in particular equal to 60 cm, and the length of the first and / or second panels may be between 200 cm and 310 cm, in particular equal to 240 cm. The first and second panels may have identical dimensions and thus form unit modules for a modular construction.

[0025] The wall of the structure may further comprise first linking panels and second linking panels respectively arranged below several successive first panels and second panels. The linking panels may extend horizontally over the first / second panels.

[0026] Each linking panel may comprise the first layer, the first insulating element, and a plurality of second insulating elements carried by the first insulating element. Each of the second insulating elements may be formed by the second insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene.

[0027] Each linking panel may successively comprise the first layer, the first insulating element, and a plurality of second insulating elements. The distance in the horizontal direction between two insulating elements may be equal to or slightly greater than the width in the horizontal direction of one of said hollow posts.

[0028] The first and second panels and the linking panels may be assembled to the hollow posts by any suitable means, such as by screwing.

[0029] The hollow posts may comprise concrete. Concrete is understood to mean any type of agglomerate; for example, the concrete may comprise a mixture of aggregates and a binder. The aggregates may comprise a mixture of sand and / or gravel and / or crushed stone, etc. The binder may be cement or clay or resin or bitumen.

[0030] The first hollow posts or the second hollow posts may comprise reinforcement wires passing through said hollow posts.

[0031] In particular, the second hollow posts forming part of the inner face of the structure may comprise reinforcement wires cast in concrete while the first hollow posts forming part of the outer face may comprise only concrete, in particular fiber-reinforced concrete. Thus, the outer face of the walls is ductile and can deform when the structure is subjected to significant external forces due to a cyclone or an earthquake, while the inner face of the walls is rigid and does not deform as the outer face absorbs these forces.

[0032] Each hollow post may be mounted on a base fixed to a slab intended for receiving said structure.

[0033] According to one embodiment, one of the panels may have a first edge cooperating with a second edge of a panel adjacent to said panel. In particular, the first edge may be a male rabbet and the second edge a complementary female rabbet.

[0034] According to one embodiment, one or more additional insulating elements, such as expanded polystyrene, may be arranged between the first panels and the second panels. Furthermore, empty space may be arranged between said additional insulating elements and the first and / or second panels so as to form a non-convective inert air chamber, to improve the insulation.

[0035] The structure may comprise at least one reinforcement hollow post extending at an angle from one of the first hollow posts arranged at the end of the wall, to another first hollow post adjacent to said end post. Concrete that may or may not be reinforced with steel wires may thus be poured into said reinforcement post.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the first panels forming the outer face of the structure may comprise fixing means capable of carrying cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. The fixing means may be arranged between the first panels and screwed to the first hollow posts and embedded in the concrete, which allows better attachment of the cladding.

[0037] According to another embodiment, the first panels forming the outer face of the structure may comprise an attachment sheet, covering said first panels and capable of receiving cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. Said attachment sheet may be made of glass fabric and be glued to said first panels.

[0038] The structure may be intended for different uses, such as: for agricultural use and may be any type of warehouses, barns or garages; for housing and may be any type of single-story and / or multi-story individual houses, or residential buildings; for commercial use and may be any type of stores or offices; for industrial use and may be any type of factories or workshops; or for administrative use and may be any type of police stations, town halls, administrative centers, multi-purpose halls, performance halls, schools or hospitals.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the assembly of a first panel and a second panel may form a wall portion. The structure may comprise at least one positioning shoe for said wall portion which has the same dimensions as those of a lower end of said wall portion. Each positioning shoe may be fixed to the slab intended to receive said structure. Each positioning shoe may comprise a housing for receiving an end of a first or second post.

[0040] Each positioning shoe may be a plate made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene. Each positioning shoe may have a thickness of approximately 30 mm. The positioning shoes thus make it possible to align the wall portions and therefore facilitate assembly of the wall. In addition, the positioning shoes make it possible to improve fluidtightness at the slab and to eliminate the thermal bridge between the slab and the wall.

[0041] The assembly of said wall portion may comprise the first panel and the second panel which sandwich a common insulation. Said common insulation may comprise one or more housings each intended to receive a first post or a second post. Said common insulation may comprise a half-housing indentation such that when two common insulations are arranged side by side, said half-housing indentations can form an entire housing for receiving a first post or a second post. For example, each common insulation may comprise a housing for receiving a first post, arranged on an external side of the wall or outer face of the structure, and two half-housing indentations, arranged on an internal side of the wall or inner face of the structure. For example, the first panel and the second panel may be mounted on the common insulation by gluing.

[0042] Each common insulation may comprise at least one pocket forming a housing provided for the passage of electrical cables or piping in said structure.

[0043] According to one embodiment, each positioning shoe may comprise at least one notch provided for receiving a connector configured to connect two positioning shoes together. Said connector may have a bone shape. Said connector may be made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and may have a thickness of approximately 30 mm.

[0044] Each positioning shoe may be glued to the slab intended to receive the structure, in particular a concrete slab. In particular, the positioning shoes may be glued to said slab after all the positioning shoes forming the perimeter of the structure are positioned.

[0045] The structure may comprise a cover configured to be arranged over a wall portion and having a shape similar to that of the positioning shoe corresponding to the wall portion. Each cover may be made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and may have a thickness of approximately 20 mm. Each cover may have a cross-section similar to that of the positioning shoe. In addition, connectors may be provided to connect the covers together.

[0046] The structure may comprise a corner formed at the intersection of a first wall and a second wall which are perpendicular to each other. The rows of first posts of the first wall and second wall may comprise an end post arranged at the corner common to the first wall and second wall. The row of second posts of the first wall may comprise a first end post at the corner and the row of second posts of the second wall may comprise a first end post at the corner. The row of first posts may be arranged towards the outer face of the structure and the row of second posts may be arranged towards the inner face of the structure.

[0047] According to another aspect of the invention, a first method is proposed for constructing a structure as mentioned above, comprising the steps of:

[0048] assembling each first panel and each second panel so as to form a wall portion, arranging the assembly of each first panel and each second panel on a slab intended to accommodate said structure,

[0049] installing the row of first hollow posts and the row of second hollow posts in a staggered manner by sliding said first and second posts into housings provided for this purpose between each first panel and each second panel,

[0050] pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

[0051] The first method may comprise, prior to the preceding steps, the steps of:

[0052] arranging the positioning shoes on the slab so as to form the perimeter of the structure,

[0053] gluing the positioning shoes to said slab,

[0054] pulling reinforcement wires from said slab through the post housings provided in the positioning shoes.

[0055] The first method may comprise arranging the covers after installing the row of first hollow posts and the row of second hollow posts, and in particular before pouring the concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

[0056] According to another aspect of the invention, a second method is provided for constructing a structure as mentioned above, comprising the steps of:

[0057] arranging the row of first hollow posts so as to define a first framework of the structure,

[0058] fixing each first panel to two successive first hollow posts,

[0059] arranging the row of second hollow posts in a staggered manner so as to define a second framework of the structure,

[0060] fixing each second panel to two successive second hollow posts,

[0061] installing reinforcement wires which traverse the first hollow posts or second hollow posts, and

[0062] pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Other features, details and advantages will become apparent upon reading the detailed description below, and upon analysis of the attached drawings, in which:

[0064] FIG. 1 shows three examples of panels for creating a structure according to the invention,

[0065] FIG. 2 shows an enlargement of two adjacent panels at the location where they meet,

[0066] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an example wall of a structure according to the invention,

[0067] FIG. 4 shows a top section view of a portion of the example wall of FIG. 3,

[0068] FIG. 5 shows a top view of the example wall of FIG. 3,

[0069] FIG. 6 shows a cutaway view of the example wall of FIG. 3,

[0070] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of an example wall according to the invention, without the covering panels,

[0071] FIGS. 8a to 8e show section views from the side of various possible types of insulation in a structure according to the invention,

[0072] FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the hollow posts of an example wall according to the invention,

[0073] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a wall corner of a structure according to the invention,

[0074] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of an example wall with a window, of a structure according to the invention,

[0075] FIG. 12 shows an outer face of an example wall according to the invention,

[0076] FIGS. 13a and 13b show different arrangements of the panels in order to create examples of structures according to the invention at different heights,

[0077] FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of an example wall of a structure according to the invention,

[0078] FIG. 15 shows a section view of a structure comprising a plurality of walls similar to the wall of FIG. 3.

[0079] FIG. 16 shows another example of an embodiment of a structure according to the invention.

[0080] FIG. 17 represents a wall portion of the structure of FIG. 16.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] In the figures, the same references designate identical or similar elements.

[0082] With reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the structure according to the invention comprises at least one wall 200 having a first face formed by a plurality of first panels 100-1 extending in a vertical direction z and juxtaposed in a horizontal direction x, and a plurality of second panels 100-2 extending in a vertical direction z and juxtaposed in the horizontal direction x. First panels 100-1 and second panels 100-2 are arranged facing each other and at a distance from each other in the direction of the thickness of wall 200, or in the transverse direction y.

[0083] Each of first and second panels 100 comprises the following successive layers: a wooden layer 102, a first insulating element 104, and a second insulating element 106. Wooden layer 102 may have a thickness of between 10 mm and 30 mm, in particular between 15 mm and 22 mm, and may be made of any type of chipboard and in particular a plate of thin, long and oriented strands (or OSB for “oriented strand board”). First insulating element 104 is a layer of a first insulating material, for example a polymer, in particular extruded polystyrene. First insulating element 104 has the same width L2 and length L1 as wooden layer 102. First insulating element 104 may have a thickness of between 10 mm and 30 mm, in particular approximately 20 mm. First insulating element 104 may be fixed to wooden layer 102 by any suitable fixing means, for example by screwing or gluing. Second insulating element 106 is a layer of a second insulating material having a lower density than that of the first insulating material. The second insulating material may be a polymer, in particular expanded polystyrene. Second insulating element 106 has a width L4 that is less than width L2 of wooden layer 102 and a length L5 that is greater than the length L2 of wooden layer 102, in particular from 5 cm to 15 cm. This makes it possible to leave empty space at the baseboards, or the foot, of wall 200, in order to allow the passage of wiring or piping. Second insulating element 106 may have a thickness of between 50 mm and 150 mm, in particular approximately 100 mm. Width L4 of second insulating element 106 may be between 30 cm and 70 cm, in particular equal to 50 cm. Second insulating element 106 may be fixed to first insulating element 104 by any suitable fixing means, for example by screwing or gluing.

[0084] Width L2 of panels 100 is between 40 cm and 80 cm, in particular is equal to 60 cm, and length L1 of panels 100 is between 200 cm and 310 cm, in particular is equal to 240 cm. The first and second panels have identical dimensions and thus form unit modules for a modular construction.

[0085] According to one embodiment, wooden layer 102 of each of the first and second panels 100 may be replaced by a layer of fiber cement, glass fibers, carbon fibers, cardboard, or polymers, for example made of plastic.

[0086] Wall 200 further comprises first linking panels 120-1 and second linking panels 120-2 respectively arranged above several successive first panels 100-1, and second panels 100-2. Linking panels 120 extend horizontally over panels 100.

[0087] Each linking panel 120 comprises the same elements as panel 100. In contrast, each linking panel 120 comprises a plurality of second insulating elements 126 carried by first insulating element 104. Each of second insulating elements 126 is formed by the second insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene. Each of second insulating elements 126 has width L4 and a length L3.

[0088] As can be seen in FIG. 2, the lateral edges of two adjacent wooden layers 102 are provided with coupling means. In particular, left panel 102 comprises a male rabbet 108 configured to fit with a female rabbet 110 of right panel 102. Male 108 and female 110 rabbets are arranged on the vertical lateral edges of panels 102. In addition, the upper edge of panel 100, and the lower edge of linking panel 120 intended to fit with said upper edge of panel 100, comprise coupling means, such as male rabbets 112 at the upper edge of panel 100 and female rabbets at the lower edge of linking panel 120. This assembly method makes it possible to simplify production of the structure.

[0089] Wall 200 also comprises first hollow posts 202-1 and second hollow posts 202-2 aligned horizontally. First hollow posts 202-1 are distributed in a first row and second hollow posts 202-1 are distributed in a second row arranged facing the first row of first hollow posts. First hollow posts 202-1 and second hollow posts 202-2 are received in bases 212-1 and 212-2, which are fixed on a slab 216 visible in FIG. 6, and provided to support the structure. Row of first hollow posts 202-1 is distanced, in the transverse direction y, from row of second hollow posts 202-2, by at least the thickness of a hollow post. As is best visible in FIG. 5, first hollow posts 202-1 and second hollow posts 202-2 are arranged in staggered rows. For example, each first hollow post 202-1 is arranged substantially at the perpendicular bisector of the segment between two second hollow posts 202-2 facing said first hollow post 202-1. Said second hollow posts and said first hollow post arranged in this manner provide transverse tripod stability and improve the retention and support of the structure.

[0090] First panels 202-1 and first linking panel 120-1 are screwed to first hollow posts 202-1 by screws 211. Similarly, second panels 202-2 and second linking panel 120-2 are screwed to second hollow posts 202-2 by screws 211.

[0091] With reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, vertical reinforcement wires 213 are arranged in first hollow posts 202-1. Other reinforcement wires 214 are arranged above panels 100 and are configured to reinforce a concrete slab 220 intended to form a floor of a story above the wall for example. In addition, horizontal reinforcement wires 218 are cast in the concrete forming slab 216. The reinforcement wires may be steel wires.

[0092] Advantageously, concrete is also poured into hollow posts 202-1 and 202-2. As can be seen in FIG. 4, screws 211 are embedded in the concrete. In addition, the hollow posts have walls 202-a, here in the horizontal direction x, which have a thickness that is greater than the thickness of walls 202-b, perpendicular to walls 202-a, of the hollow posts. Thus, walls 202-b are able to deform under the pressure of the concrete in directions F1 and F2 and to compress second insulating elements 106, which improves the retention and support of panels 100 and 120. Hollow posts 202-1, 202-2 are made of plastic, in particular polyvinyl chloride.

[0093] The panels allow holding the hollow posts in position before the concrete is poured.

[0094] FIG. 7 shows only the concrete structure obtained after pouring concrete into the hollow posts, in the absence of panels 100, 120 and 130. Thus, a first concrete framework is formed by first hollow posts 202-1 and a second concrete framework is formed by second hollow posts 202-2. For example, the first framework with first panels 100-1 forms an outer face of the structure and the second framework with second panels 100-2 forms an inner face of the structure which defines the internal space of the structure. The double concrete framework makes it possible to improve the resistance of the structure, in particular to the earthquakes and cyclones to which the structure may be exposed. Indeed, the principle of the staggered double concrete framework allows the first external framework made of the more ductile non-reinforced fibrous concrete to absorb the pressure stresses generated by a cyclone, while the second internal framework made of more rigid, reinforced fibrous concrete receives almost no deformation.

[0095] Openings may be provided in the walls forming the structure, such as doors 224 or windows 231.

[0096] Width L2 of panels 100-1 and 100-2 is chosen so that hollow posts 202-1 and 202-2 are covered.

[0097] Length L3 of second insulating elements 126 of panels 120 is chosen so that the distance between two second insulating elements 126 corresponds to the width of hollow posts 202-1, 202-2.

[0098] To improve the insulation of the wall, one or more additional insulating elements may be arranged between first panels 100-1 and second panels 100-2. FIG. 8 shows several examples of possible insulation. For example, in FIG. 8a, no additional insulating element is inserted between the panels and the insulation is provided only by insulating elements 104 and 106 of panels 100. In FIG. 8b, a layer 210 of an insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene, is arranged between second insulating elements 106 of panels 100-1 and 100-2. In FIG. 8c, an empty space is provided between second insulating elements 106 of panels 100-1 and 100-2. This empty space is filled only at the foot of the panels by a strip 212 of insulating material and at the head of the panels by a strip 208 of insulating material. The insulation in this case is provided by a non-convective inert air chamber. According to this principle, several non-convective inert air chambers may be defined between panels 100-1 and 100-2. For this, strips 212 and 208 are alternated with one or more layers 210 of insulating material, forming two air chambers as shown in FIG. 8d or three air chambers as shown in FIG. 8e. The principle of such construction makes it possible to adapt the insulation to the climate by creating an unlimited quantity of non-convective inert air chambers between the two frameworks while using the same quantity of hollow posts and panels. In other words, the cost of producing the structure is almost identical regardless of the thermal constraints imposed by the region in question. For example, it is possible to envisage insulating one wall against cold more effectively than other less exposed walls, while using the same panels and the same hollow posts.

[0099] In addition, length L1 of first panels 100-1 is chosen so as to cover floor slab 220.

[0100] Panels 100, 120 and 130 are made of materials that are easy to manufacture, which further simplifies construction of the structure.

[0101] FIG. 9 shows a wall 300 with an opening 231 provided for a window. Hollow posts 202-1 and 202-2 around opening 231 have dimensions adapted to the sill of the window envisaged. In addition, horizontal hollow posts 221 are arranged to frame the window and form upper and lower supports of the window. Horizontal hollow posts 221 comprise hatches 228 allowing the passage of reinforcing or binding wires and hatches 226 allowing concrete to be poured into these horizontal hollow posts 221.

[0102] FIG. 11 shows a partial view of wall 300 with panel cladding. The size of first and second panels 100 is adapted to the window sill. Wall 300 also comprises framing panels 130 which are arranged to form the internal walls of opening 231 receiving the window. In addition, a first framing panel 130-1 and a second framing panel 130-2 extending horizontally are arranged above the opening. To provide insulation above the opening, a horizontally extending layer of insulation 210 is arranged between first and second framing panels 130-1 and 130-2. Framing panels 130 comprise the same elements as panels 100 but are without any second insulating elements 106 or 126.

[0103] FIG. 10 shows another partial view of wall 300 at the end of wall 300 and forming an angle with the adjacent wall. A hollow corner post 230 is arranged at the end of the alignment of first posts 202-1. To improve resistance to deformations of the structure, in particular during storms or cyclones, wall 300 comprises a reinforcement hollow post 232, or bracing post. The mouths of reinforcement hollow post 232 are open at the head of end hollow post 230 and at the foot of hollow post 202-1 immediately adjacent to end hollow post 230. Concrete, whether or not it is reinforced with steel wires, can thus be poured into reinforcement hollow post 232. Preferably, second insulating element 106 of panel 100-1 mounted at end hollow post 230 comprises a recess having the shape of reinforcement hollow post 232.

[0104] With reference to FIG. 12, first panels 100-1 are equipped with fixing means 301 configured to carry cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. Fixing means 301 are arranged between first panels 100-1 and are screwed to first hollow posts 202-1. When concrete is poured into the hollow posts, the attaching screws of fixing means 301 are embedded in the concrete, better securing the cladding.

[0105] FIG. 13 shows different possible configurations for the height of the walls of the structure. FIG. 13a shows a wall having a height h1 corresponding to length L2 of panels 100-1 and 100-2. It is possible to adapt this height by adding linking panels 120-1 and 120-2, as shown in FIG. 3. It is also possible to superimpose linking panels 120 with other linking panels having a width L2 corresponding to the desired additional height. FIG. 13b shows an intermediate anchoring concrete slab 402 topped with a row of first panels 400-1 and additional second panels 400-2, similar to first panels 100-1 and second panels 100-2, but having a different length than those panels. These additional panels 400-1 and 400-2 make it possible to raise the wall to a height h2 that is greater than height h1.

[0106] Referring to FIG. 14, a variant of the wall is shown in which floor beams 422 are fixed to second linking panels 120-2 by fixing screws 420, for example which can be cast in anchoring slab 402.

[0107] Referring to FIG. 15, second hollow posts 202-2 forming the inner face of the structure are provided with reinforcement wires 213 cast in concrete, while first hollow posts 202-1 forming the outer face comprise only fibrous concrete. Thus, first panels 100-1 can deform, as shown in FIG. 15, to absorb forces undergone by the structure due to wind or an earthquake. Conversely, second panels 100-2 are rigid and do not deform, ensuring a stable interior space. Linking reinforcement wires 214 are embedded in floor slab 220. Slab 216 also comprises reinforcement wires 215.

[0108] Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, another example of a structure 500 is shown. Structure 500 comprises several wall portions 516 each comprising a first panel 100-1 and a second panel 100-2 and a common insulation 510 arranged between first panel 100-1 and second panel 100-2. First panel 100-1 is in particular arranged on the external side of the wall or outer face of the structure 500, and second panel 100-2 is in particular arranged on the internal side of the wall or inner face of the structure 500. First panel 100-1 and second panel 100-2 are advantageously glued one on either side of common insulation 510. Common insulation 510 comprises a first housing 512-2 capable of receiving one of second hollow posts 202-2, and two half-housing indentations 512-1. The half-housing indentations form a whole housing for receiving one of first hollow posts 202-1 when two successive common insulations are arranged side by side. Common insulation 510 comprises several pockets 514 forming housings provided for the passage of the electric cables or piping of structure 500.

[0109] Structure 500 comprises a plurality of positioning shoes 502 mounted on slab 216. Each positioning shoe 502 comprises a plate made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, having a thickness of approximately 30 mm. Each positioning shoe 502 comprises a housing 503-2 for receiving one end of a second hollow post 202-2, and two half-housing indentations 503-1 which form a housing for receiving one end of a first hollow post 202-1, when the positioning shoes are arranged side by side. Linking wires 213 are pulled through housings 503-2 and 503-1.

[0110] Positioning shoes 502 allow the wall portions to be aligned and thus facilitate assembly of the wall. In addition, the positioning shoes make it possible to improve fluidtightness at the slab and to eliminate the thermal bridge between the slab and the wall.

[0111] Each positioning shoe 502 comprises at least one notch 505 provided for receiving a connector 504 configured to connect two positioning shoes 502 together. Connector 504 has a bone shape. Connector 504 is in particular made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and has a thickness of approximately 30 mm.

[0112] In particular, positioning shoes 502 are glued to said slab 216 after all positioning shoes forming the perimeter of the structure are positioned. After wall portions 516 are positioned, first and second posts 202-1 and 202-2 are slid into the corresponding housings 512-1 and 512-2.

[0113] For example, a cover similar to the positioning shoe may be arranged above the wall portions.

[0114] Props 508 are provided to support the wall corner of the structure prior to pouring concrete into the hollow posts.

Claims

1-12. (canceled)13. A structure, comprising: a wall extending in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and having a thickness in a transverse direction, said wall being formed by a row of first panels and a row of second panels arranged facing the first panels,a row of first hollow posts extending vertically and a row of second hollow posts extending vertically, the row of first hollow posts facing the row of second hollow posts,each of the first panels being fixed to two successive first hollow posts and each of the second panels being fixed to two successive second hollow posts, andwherein each of the first panels and second panels comprises a first layer, and wherein said first hollow posts and second hollow posts are arranged between the first layer of the first panels and the first layer of the second panels, andwherein the first hollow posts are spaced apart from the second hollow posts in the transverse direction by a distance at least equal to the width of the hollow posts, wherein the hollow posts comprise concrete.

14. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the concrete is poured into the hollow posts.

15. The structure according to claim 13, wherein said first layer is a layer of wood.

16. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the first hollow posts and the second hollow posts are arranged in staggered rows in the horizontal direction.

17. The structure according to claim 13, wherein each of the first panels and second panels comprises a first insulating element carried by the first layer.

18. The structure according to claim 17, wherein the first insulating element has dimensions equal to those of the first layer.

19. The structure according to claim 18, wherein each of the first panels and second panels comprises at least one second insulating element carried by the first insulating element, the second insulating element comprising an insulating material having a lower density than the density of an insulating material of the first insulating element.

20. The structure according to claim 19, wherein said at least one second insulating element has a dimension in the horizontal direction that is equal to or slightly greater than the distance between two hollow posts.

21. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the first hollow posts or second hollow posts comprise reinforcement wires passing through said hollow posts.

22. The structure according to claim 13, wherein one of the panels has a first edge cooperating with a second edge of a panel adjacent to said panel.

23. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the assembly of a first panel and a second panel forms a wall portion, said structure comprising at least one positioning shoe for said wall portion which has the same dimensions as those of a lower end of said wall portion, each positioning shoe being fixed to a slab intended to receive said structure.

24. The structure of claim 13, further comprising a corner formed at the intersection of a first wall and a second wall which are perpendicular to each other, the rows of first posts of the first wall and second wall comprising an end post arranged at the corner common to the first wall and second wall, and the row of second posts of the first wall comprising a first end post at the corner and the row of second posts of the second wall comprising a first end post at the corner.

25. A method for constructing the structure according to claim 13, comprising the steps of:assembling each first panel and each second panel so as to form a wall portion, arranging the assembly of each first panel and each second panel on a slab intended to accommodate said structure,installing the row of first hollow posts and the row of second hollow posts in a staggered manner by sliding said first and second posts into housings provided for this purpose between each first panel and each second panel,pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

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