Anchoring system and methods for installing and uninstalling the anchoring system
The anchoring system for floating platforms addresses issues of high cable tension and fatigue by using a central float and swing arms to synchronize anchor line movement, resulting in improved stability and reduced risk of cable breakage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/IB2023/063018
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-12-21
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing anchoring systems for floating platforms, such as TLP platforms and those with counterweights and pulleys, face issues like high cable tension leading to breakage, and cable fatigue due to bending in pulleys.
An anchoring system comprising a floating platform with first and second anchor lines, at least one anchor block with non-aligned anchor points, a central float, and swing arms connected via articulated joints, which allows for synchronized movement of anchor lines and reduces cable fatigue.
The system minimizes platform pitching and reduces cable fatigue, enabling the use of smaller section cables and reducing the risk of breakage, thus enhancing the stability and longevity of the anchoring system.
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Abstract
Description
[0001] DESCRIPTION
[0002] Anchoring system and anchoring system installation and removal procedures
[0003] Field of the invention
[0004] The present invention relates to an anchoring system specifically designed for floating platforms used as bases for wind turbines located at sea. It also relates to a method for installing said anchoring system and a method for removing said anchoring system.
[0005] Background of the invention
[0006] Floating platforms, especially those used to support wind turbines for generating electricity from offshore wind power, require anchoring systems to keep them in position and contribute to their stability.
[0007] In the state of the art, platforms of the so-called TLP (Tension Leg Platform) type are known. These platforms comprise three or more mooring lines (usually chains or cables that connect the platform to piles anchored to the seabed). The mooring lines of TLP platforms are designed to be arranged in tension, vertically connecting the platform to each of the piles anchored to the seabed. TLP platforms comprise a set of floats designed to produce excess buoyancy for the platform (taking into account the weight of the structure resting on it). This excess buoyancy ensures a high level of tension in the cables, which in turn ensures that they are always arranged vertically. This prevents pitching and rolling movements of the platform and the structure resting on it.
[0008] EP 2743170 A1 describes an example of a TLP platform.
[0009] One drawback of TLP platforms is that the high tension in the cables required to keep them vertical and thus prevent pitching and / or rolling movements also blocks the platform's vertical movement. Thus, when the tide rises, the platform cannot move upward (because the mooring lines have little or no extensibility), and the tension in the mooring lines increases considerably. This creates a high risk of mooring line breakage and requires the use of high-section mooring lines or an increase in the number of mooring lines.Additionally, on TLP platforms, in very low tide situations, the platform also lowers and the anchor lines can become very slack, increasing the risk of the platform moving both vertically and laterally in an uncontrolled manner, and also increasing the risk of pitching and / or rolling movements (due to the force of the wind and / or waves on the platform and the structure that sits on it) that can lead to the platform capsizing.
[0010] To avoid the aforementioned drawbacks, other types of floating platforms are known, where the mooring lines are connected to a counterweight via pulleys located on the platform. This type of platform allows the platform to move vertically and laterally in response to tides, waves, and wind, thus eliminating the need for a large number of mooring lines or high-section mooring lines. Document ES 2629867 A2 describes a platform of this type.
[0011] One drawback of platforms equipped with counterweights and pulleys, such as those described above, is that the mooring lines (especially the mooring cables) experience bending fatigue over time. As the tensioned mooring lines pass through the pulleys, they flex and wear. This can eventually lead to the mooring lines breaking.
[0012] Summary of the invention
[0013] The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide an anchoring system that makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
[0014] The invention provides an anchoring system comprising:
[0015] - a floating platform from which a plurality of first anchor lines emerge,
[0016] - at least one anchor block, with at least three non-aligned anchor points,
[0017] - a central float,
[0018] - a plurality of tilting arms, each tilting arm being connected by means of an articulated joint to an anchor block, said articulated joint being located in an intermediate area of the tilting arm such that each tilting arm comprises an inner section and an outer section connected in the intermediate area of the tilting arm corresponding to the articulated joint, the inner section being located between the intermediate area of the tilting arm and an inner free end and the outer section being located between the intermediate area of the tilting arm and an outer free end, the inner free end being closer to the central float than the outer free end, such that the first mooring lines extending from the floating platform are connected to the outer end portion containing the outer free end of the outer sections of the tilting arms, and
[0019] - second anchor lines between the central float and the inner end parts containing the inner free ends of the inner sections of the tilting arms.
[0020] The invention also provides a method of installing the anchoring system comprising the following steps:
[0021] - assembly of at least one anchor block with the tilting arms, each tilting arm being connected by an articulated connection to a support to an anchor block; fixing the first mooring lines to the outer end portion containing the outer free end of the outer sections of the tilting arms; and joining the free end of the first mooring lines to a respective buoy,
[0022] - fixing the second anchor lines to the central float,
[0023] - placement of at least one anchor block on the seabed, so that the first mooring lines are deployed vertically hanging from the corresponding buoys,
[0024] - location of the floating platform with the wind turbine tower on the sea surface, vertically with respect to the position of at least one anchor block,
[0025] - the buoys are released from the end of the first mooring lines and the ends of the first mooring lines are attached to the floating platform,
[0026] - the central float is placed next to the floating platform and the central float is hooked to a winch inside the wind turbine tower whose cables pass through a hole through the center of the floating platform, - the central float is flooded, so that it descends and is hanging from the winch, with the second mooring lines hanging from the bottom of the central float,
[0027] - connection of the second anchor lines with the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections of the tilting arms,
[0028] - the central float is emptied, the winch is unhooked from the central float and the winch is stored inside the wind turbine tower.
[0029] The invention also provides a method of uninstalling the anchoring system comprising the following steps:
[0030] - the winch is removed from inside the wind turbine tower, the winch is attached to the central float, the central float is filled with water and the central float is lowered until all the first mooring lines and the second mooring lines are slack,
[0031] - separation of the second mooring lines from the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections of the tilting arms,
[0032] - the central float is raised with the winch to near the floating platform and the central float is emptied, with the second mooring lines hanging from the bottom of the central float,
[0033] - the central float is unhooked from the winch, which is retracted inside the wind turbine tower through a hole that passes through the center of the floating platform,
[0034] - the corresponding ends of the first mooring lines are separated from the floating platform, and each of these free ends of the first mooring lines is joined to a respective buoy,
[0035] - the floating platform with the wind turbine tower that was located on the sea surface is removed,
[0036] - the at least one anchor block is removed from the seabed with its tilting arms 4, lifting it towards the sea surface, with the first anchor lines 11 hanging from the corresponding buoys 15, and is loaded onto a barge,
[0037] - the second anchor lines are separated from the central float, securing them to the roof of the central float,
[0038] - separation of the free end of the first mooring lines from their respective buoy, and separation of the first mooring lines from the outermost part containing the outer free end of the outer sections of the swing arms, and
[0039] - separation of at least one anchor block from the swing arms.
[0040] This configuration creates an anchoring system that minimizes platform pitching, as the second anchor lines move in sync with the movement of the central float, causing the first anchor lines to also move in unison.
[0041] Furthermore, swing arms eliminate the need for pulleys, thus avoiding the problem of cable fatigue due to bending in the pulleys.
[0042] The system described therefore allows the use of cables with a much smaller section than the anchoring cables used on TLP platforms, and eliminates the risk of cable breakage due to bending fatigue in the pulleys.
[0043] Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
[0044] Brief description of the drawings
[0045] The object of the present invention will now be illustrated in a non-limiting manner, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0046] Figure 1 a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the anchoring system of the invention. Figure 1 b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 1 a.
[0047] Figure 1c shows a plan view of the detail in Figure 1b.
[0048] Figure 2a shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the anchoring system of the invention.
[0049] Figure 2b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 2a.
[0050] Figure 2c shows a plan view of the detail in Figure 2b.
[0051] Figure 3a shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the anchoring system of the invention.
[0052] Figure 3b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 2a.
[0053] Figure 4a shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the anchoring system of the invention.
[0054] Figure 4b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 4a.
[0055] Figure 5a shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the anchoring system of the invention.
[0056] Figure 5b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 5a.
[0057] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the tilting arms have their outer section of equal length to their inner section.
[0058] Figure 7 shows a schematic view of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the tilting arms have their outer section longer than their inner section.
[0059] Figure 8 shows a schematic view of an inventive anchoring system, in which the tilting arms have their outer and inner sections inclined upward. Figure 9 shows a schematic view of the inventive anchoring system of Figure 8, in which the floating platform has been moved upward.
[0060] Figure 10 shows a schematic view of the anchoring system of the invention of Figure 8, in which the floating platform has been moved downwards.
[0061] Figure 1 1 shows a schematic view of the anchoring system of the invention of Figure 8, in which the floating platform has been moved laterally.
[0062] Figure 12 shows several elements of the anchoring system, before installation.
[0063] Figure 13 shows the transfer of the elements in figure 12 onto the deck of a barge.
[0064] Figure 14 shows the transfer of the floating platform from the anchoring system to the wind farm.
[0065] Figure 15 shows the connection of the first anchor lines with the outer sections of the swing arms.
[0066] Figure 16 shows the connection of the central float to the winch inside the wind farm tower.
[0067] Figure 17 shows the stage at which the central float is flooded and descends until it approaches the swing arms.
[0068] Figure 18 shows the anchoring system of the invention once the installation procedure has been completed.
[0069] Detailed description of the invention
[0070] Figures 1 a, 1 b and 1 c show an embodiment of an anchoring system 10 of the invention in operation, comprising the following elements: a floating platform 1 from which a plurality of first anchoring lines 11 extend,
[0071] - 2 anchor blocks, each with at least three non-aligned anchor points,
[0072] - a central float 3,
[0073] - a plurality of tilting arms 4, such that each tilting arm 4 is connected by an articulated joint 5 to an anchor block 2; said articulated joint 5 is located in an intermediate area of the tilting arm 4 such that each tilting arm 4 comprises an inner section 6 and an outer section 7 connected in the intermediate area of the tilting arm 4 corresponding to the articulated joint 5; the inner section 6 is located between the intermediate area of the tilting arm 4 and an inner free end, and the outer section 7 is located between the intermediate area of the tilting arm 4 and an outer free end; the inner free end is closer to the central float 3 than the outer free end, such that the first mooring lines 11 extending from the floating platform 1 are connected to the outer end portion containing the outer free end of the outer sections 7 of the tilting arms 4; and
[0074] - second anchor lines 12 between the central float 3 and the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections 6 of the tilting arms 4.
[0075] Floating platform 1 supports tower 16 of the wind turbine, which is part of a wind farm.
[0076] Furthermore, each articulated joint 5 can be mounted on a support that is placed on an anchor block 2 (Figure 2b allows a better view of these supports).
[0077] The anchoring system of these figures 1 a, 1 b and 1 c has three independent anchor blocks (2) to which the corresponding tilting arms (4) are attached.
[0078] Figures 2a, 2b, and 2c show another embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention in operation. This anchoring system has basically the same elements as the previous embodiment, but with a single anchor block 2 to which the three tilting arms 4 are attached.
[0079] Anchor blocks 2 have at least three non-aligned anchor points, arranged in a triangular shape.
[0080] Figures 3a and 3b show an embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the floating platform 1 is star-shaped with a plurality of projecting arms 8 (three projecting arms, in this embodiment) in a radial arrangement from the center of the floating platform 1 to an outer free end of each projecting arm 8. From each of the three projecting arms 8 of the floating platform 1, first anchoring lines 11 extend, which are connected to three tilting arms 4, which are also in a radial arrangement.
[0081] Figures 4a and 4b show another embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which floats 9 are arranged at the free ends of the projecting arms 8 of the floating platform 1. These floats can be slender and have a vertical axis, and can protrude from the deck and the bottom of the projecting arms 8, which improves the hydrodynamic behavior of the anchoring system when there are very large waves.
[0082] Figures 5a and 5b show another embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the projecting arms consist of lattices with horizontal bars 13 and inclined bars 14, and with floats 9 at the free ends of the projecting arms 8. This embodiment is more complex and expensive, but improves the hydrodynamics of the anchoring system.
[0083] Figure 6 represents an embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the internal section 6 of each swing arm 4 has the same length as the corresponding external section 7 of the corresponding swing arm 4.
[0084] Figure 7 represents an embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the internal section 6 of each swing arm 4 has a shorter length than the corresponding external section 7 of the corresponding swing arm 4.
[0085] Figure 8 represents an embodiment of an anchoring system of the invention, in which the inner section 6 and the outer section 7 of each swing arm 4 are not aligned. In the specific embodiment of said figure, the inner sections 6 and the outer sections 7 of the swing arms 4 have an upward inclination from the articulated joint 5, forming an angle of less than 180°. ebetween them. In this way, the tilting arms 4 do not hit the seabed when rotating. Figures 9, 10 and 11 show different possibilities of movement of the floating platform 1 and, therefore, of the mooring system 10 of the invention.
[0086] In Figure 9, the floating platform 1 moves upwards, causing the first anchor lines 11 to pull upwards the external sections 7 of the tilting arms 4, which rotate around the articulated joint 5, whereby the internal sections 6 are lowered and the second anchor lines 12 pull downwards the central float 3.
[0087] In Figure 10, the floating platform 1 moves downwards, causing the first anchor lines 11 to pull downwards the outer sections 7 of the tilting arms 4, which rotate around the articulated joint 5, causing the inner sections 6 to rise and the second anchor lines 12 and the central float 3 to also rise.
[0088] In Figure 1 1, the floating platform 1 moves laterally. This movement causes the swing arms 4 to rotate around the articulated joint 5, which causes the central float 3 to move.
[0089] In figures 9, 10 and 11 it can be observed that the horizontal movement of the central float 3 practically disappears, while the vertical movement of the central float 3 becomes small.
[0090] The fact that the central float 3 has a reduced movement has beneficial effects on the mechanical wear of the elements that make up the mooring system, and causes the central float 3 to be subjected to small accelerations. Specifically, vertical acceleration makes the float less effective, since part of the vertical thrust (which tensions the mooring lines) is lost compensating for the inertial forces of the central float 3 itself. The lower this acceleration, the greater the effective tension in the mooring lines and the more efficient the mooring system is at keeping the platform upright without tilting.
[0091] In the anchoring system of the invention, the movement of the central float 3 is half that of the platform. If the vertical accelerations of the floating platform 1 in waves reach 3 m / s 2 , the vertical accelerations of the central float 3 are reduced to 1.5 m / s 2, that is, it maintains much of its effectiveness even in the worst waves. In the embodiment shown, for example, in Figures 3a and 3b, the floating platform 1 is star-shaped with three protruding arms 8 arranged radially, three first mooring lines 1 1 and three tilting arms 4. However, it is also possible to create mooring systems with four protruding arms 8 on the floating platform 1 from which four first mooring lines 11 extend connected to four tilting arms 4 in a radial arrangement, or with five protruding arms 8 on the floating platform 1 from which five first mooring lines 11 extend connected to five tilting arms 4 in a radial arrangement (not shown in the figures). These mooring systems are more complex and difficult to install, but they also provide greater safety.
[0092] Likewise, the first anchor lines 11 and the second anchor lines 12 may be chains or anchor cables.
[0093] The installation procedure of the anchoring system of the invention comprises the steps described below.
[0094] The anchor blocks 2 are manufactured and the anchor blocks 2 are assembled on land with the tilting arms 4, each tilting arm 2 being connected by means of an articulated joint 5 with a support to an anchor block 2. Also included are the first anchor lines 11 that will go to the floating platform 1 with a buoy 15 at the tip, whose buoyancy is capable of supporting the entire weight of the first anchor lines 1 1 (figure 12).
[0095] The central float 3 is built and the second anchor lines 12 are attached to it, which will connect to the inner end of the tilting arms 4 of the anchor blocks 2, the second anchor lines 12 are stowed (placed and properly secured so that they do not move or fall during the journey) on the roof of the central float 3. The central float 3 will travel to the wind farm empty of internal ballast, that is, with great buoyancy, (figure 13).
[0096] The anchor blocks 2 are loaded onto a barge and transported to the wind farm, to the position where the mooring system will be installed. There, they are lifted by a crane (from the barge itself or from an auxiliary vessel) and lowered to the seabed, where they are placed in their proper position, with the tilting arms 4 oriented radially. The first mooring lines 1 1, which will be connected to the floating platform 1, remain vertical and reach the sea surface, hanging from the corresponding buoy 15 (the first mooring lines 1 1 are slightly longer than the sea depth at the installation point).
[0097] Floating platform 1 (floating on its own) is moved to the wind farm (Figure 14).
[0098] The first anchor lines 1 1 are connected to fixed points of the floating platform 1 and the buoyancy buoys 15 are removed (they are auxiliary installation elements) (figure 15).
[0099] The central float 3 is placed near the floating platform 1 and is hung from a strand jack winch (a special type of hydraulic jack that pulls lifting cables) located inside the wind turbine tower 16, whose cables pass through a hole in the center of the floating platform 1 (Figure 16).
[0100] The central float 3 (which is hanging from the winch) is flooded, with the second mooring lines 12 hanging from the bottom of the central float 3 and lowered close to the seabed (until the free end of the second mooring lines 12 is close to the tilting arms 4 of the anchor blocks 2 (figure 17).
[0101] The second anchor lines 12 are connected to the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections 6 of the swing arms 4 of the anchor blocks 2. This can be done with the aid of an ROV (remotely operated vehicle, i.e. an underwater robot).
[0102] The central float 3 is emptied of ballast (with compressed air or with ballast pumps that discharge the water inside to the sea surface) until it is completely empty, providing all the buoyancy that this element needs.
[0103] The winch cable is unhooked and stored inside the wind turbine tower 16. This cable will be reused when the central float 3 needs to be disconnected (for repairs or to dismantle the anchoring system) (Figure 18).
[0104] The umbilical cable (the one that connects the generator to the shore power grid) is connected, readying the wind turbine to generate power. The procedure for removing the anchoring system 10 follows the same steps as the procedure for installing the anchoring system 10, but with the time sequence reversed.
[0105] Specifically, these would be the steps of the procedure for uninstalling the anchoring system 10 of the invention:
[0106] - the winch is removed from inside the tower 16 of the wind turbine, the winch is attached to the central float 3, the central float 3 is filled with water and the central float 3 is lowered until it loses all its buoyancy, so that all the first mooring lines 11 and the second mooring lines 12 are slack,
[0107] - separation of the second anchor lines 12 from the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections 6 of the tilting arms 4,
[0108] - the central float 3 is lifted with the winch to near the floating platform 1 and the central float 3 is emptied, with the second anchor lines 12 hanging from the bottom of the central float 3,
[0109] - the central float 3 (which is now floating on its own) is unhooked from the winch, which is collected inside the tower 16 of the wind turbine through a hole that passes through the center of the floating platform 1,
[0110] - the corresponding ends of the first mooring lines 11 are separated from the floating platform 1 , and each of these free ends of the first mooring lines 1 1 is connected to a respective buoy 15,
[0111] - the floating platform 1 with the wind turbine tower 16, which was located on the sea surface, is removed,
[0112] - the at least one anchor block 2 is removed from the seabed with its tilting arms 4, lifting it towards the sea surface, with the first mooring lines 11 hanging from the corresponding buoys 15, and is loaded onto a barge, - the second mooring lines 12 are detached from the central float 3, securing them on the roof of the central float 3,
[0113] - separation of the free end of the first mooring lines 11 from their respective buoy 15, and separation of the first mooring lines 11 from the outermost part containing the outer free end of the outer sections 7 of the tilting arms 4, and
[0114] - separation of at least one anchor block 2 from the swing arms 4.
[0115] Although some embodiments of the invention have been described and represented, it is evident that modifications within its scope may be introduced, and this scope should not be considered limited to said embodiments, but only to the content of the following claims.
Claims
CLAIMS 1 Anchoring system (10), comprising: - a floating platform (1) from which a plurality of first anchor lines (11) extend, - at least one anchor block (2) with at least three non-aligned anchor points, and - a central float (3), characterized in that it additionally comprises: - a plurality of tilting arms (4), each tilting arm (4) being connected by means of an articulated joint (5) to an anchor block (2), said articulated joint (5) being located in an intermediate zone of the tilting arm (4) such that each tilting arm (4) comprises an inner section (6) and an outer section (7) connected in the intermediate zone of the tilting arm (4) corresponding to the articulated joint (5), the inner section (6) being located between the intermediate zone of the tilting arm (4) and an inner free end and the outer section (7) being located between the intermediate zone of the tilting arm (4) and an outer free end, the inner free end being closer to the central float (3) than the outer free end, such that the first anchor lines (1 1 ) extending from the floating platform (1 ) are connected to the outer end portion containing the outer free end of the outer sections (7) of the tilting arms (4), and - second anchor lines (12) between the central float (3) and the inner end parts containing the inner free ends of the inner sections (6) of the tilting arms (4). 2.- Anchoring system, according to claim 1, wherein the internal section (6) of each swing arm (4) has the same length as the corresponding external section (7) of the corresponding swing arm (4). 3.- Anchoring system, according to claim 1, in which the internal section (6) of each swing arm (4) has a shorter length than the corresponding external section (7) of the corresponding swing arm (4). 4.- Anchoring system, according to any of the previous claims, in which the internal section (6) and the external section (7) of each swing arm (4) do not meet. aligned. 5.- Anchoring system, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the floating platform (1) is star-shaped with a plurality of protruding arms (8) in a radial arrangement from the center of the floating platform (1) to a free outer end of each protruding arm (8). 6.- Anchoring system, according to claim 5, comprising three protruding arms (8) on the floating platform (1) from which three first anchoring lines (11) emerge, connected to three tilting arms (4) in a radial arrangement. 7.- Anchoring system, according to claim 5, comprising four protruding arms (8) on the floating platform (1) from which four first anchoring lines (1 1) emerge, connected to four tilting arms (4) in a radial arrangement. 8.- Anchoring system, according to claim 5, comprising five protruding arms (8) on the floating platform (1) from which five first anchoring lines (11) emerge, connected to five tilting arms (4) in a radial arrangement. 9.- Anchoring system, according to any of the preceding claims, which additionally comprises floats (9) at the free ends of the protruding arms (8) of the floating platform (1). 10.- Anchoring system, according to claim 7, in which the protruding arms consist of lattices with horizontal bars (13) and inclined bars (14). 11.- Anchoring system, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a single anchoring block (2) to which the tilting arms (4) are attached at a plurality of non-aligned points. 12.- Anchoring system, according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least three anchoring blocks (2) to which the corresponding tilting arms (4) are attached. 13.- Anchoring system, according to any of the preceding claims, in which the first anchor lines (11) and second anchor lines (12) are anchor chains or cables. 14.- Anchoring system, according to any of the preceding claims, in which the connection of each swing arm 4 with an anchor block 2 is carried out by means of an articulated connection 5 with a support. 15.- Procedure for installing the anchoring system of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: - assembly of at least one anchor block (2) with the tilting arms (4), each tilting arm (4) being connected by means of an articulated joint (5) with a support to an anchor block (2); fixing the first mooring lines (11) to the outer end portion containing the outer free end of the outer sections (7) of the tilting arms (4); and joining the free end of the first mooring lines (11) to a respective buoy (15), - fixing the second anchor lines (12) to the central float (3), - placing at least one anchor block (2) on the seabed, so that the first anchor lines (11) are deployed vertically hanging from the corresponding buoys (15), - location of the floating platform (1) with the tower (16) of the wind turbine on the sea surface, vertically with respect to the position of the at least one anchor block (2), - the buoys (15) are released and removed from the end of the first mooring lines (11) and said ends of the first mooring lines (11) are attached to the floating platform (1), - the central float (3) is placed next to the floating platform (1 ) and the central float (3) is hooked to a winch inside the tower (16) of the wind turbine whose cables pass through a hole that passes through the center of the floating platform (1 ), - the central float (3) is flooded, so that it descends and is hung from the winch, with the second anchor lines (12) hanging from the bottom of the central float (3), - joining of the second anchor lines (12) with the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections (6) of the tilting arms (4), and - the central float (3) is emptied, the winch is unhooked from the central float (3) and the winch is collected inside the tower (16) of the wind turbine. 16.- Procedure for uninstalling the anchoring system of the previous claims, comprising the following steps: - the winch is removed from inside the tower (16) of the wind turbine, the winch is hooked to the central float (3), the central float (3) is filled with water and the central float (3) is lowered until all the first mooring lines (11) and the second mooring lines (12) are slack, - separation of the second anchor lines (12) from the inner end portions containing the inner free ends of the inner sections (6) of the tilting arms (4), - the central float 3 is lifted with the winch to near the floating platform 1 and the central float (3) is emptied, so that it rises and is positioned next to the floating platform (1), with the second anchor lines (12) hanging from the bottom of the central float (3), - the central float (3) is unhooked from the winch, which is collected inside the tower (16) of the wind turbine through a hole that passes through the center of the floating platform (1), - the corresponding ends of the first mooring lines (11) are separated from the floating platform (1), and each of these free ends of the first mooring lines (11) is connected to a respective buoy (15), - the floating platform (1) with the tower (16) of the wind turbine that was located there is removed on the sea surface, - the at least one anchor block (2) with its tilting arms (4) is removed from the seabed, raising it towards the sea surface, with the first mooring lines (11) hanging from the corresponding buoys (15), and is loaded onto a barge, - the second mooring lines (12) are separated from the central float (3), holding them on the roof of the central float (3), - separation of the free end of the first mooring lines (11 ) from their respective buoy (15), and separation of the first mooring lines (11 ) from the outermost part containing the outer free end of the outer sections (7) of the tilting arms (4), and - separation of at least one anchor block (2) from the swing arms (4).