Terminal

Abstract

A terminal (10), which is applied to the technical field of new energy terminals. The terminal (10) comprises a first battery cell (101) and a connection apparatus (1011), wherein the first battery cell (101) is fixedly mounted in the terminal (10) to supply power to the terminal (10). The connection apparatus (1011) is disposed in the first battery cell (101) and is configured to couple to a second battery cell (102), so as to realize an electrical connection between the first battery cell (101) and the second battery cell (102). The terminal (10) includes a mounting apparatus, which is configured to allow the second battery cell (102) to be detachably mounted.

Description

A terminal Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy terminals, and in particular to a terminal. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of terminals and the development of new energy technologies, more and more terminals are using batteries for power supply. These terminals can be called new energy vehicle terminals. For example, electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles can use batteries to provide power, reducing the cost of using vehicles.

[0003] However, short driving range remains the biggest issue hindering the promotion of new energy terminals. For example, vehicles can be extended by equipping them with large-capacity batteries. However, large-capacity batteries are generally expensive, increasing vehicle purchase costs. They also increase vehicle weight and power consumption, making them unsuitable for everyday users who only need short trips.

[0004] How to optimize the cruising range of a terminal is a hot topic currently being studied by those skilled in the art.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a terminal that can improve the flexibility of the terminal's cruising range and enhance the user experience without significantly increasing the purchase cost of the terminal.

[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, including a first battery cell and a connecting device, wherein the first battery cell is fixedly installed in the terminal, the first battery cell is used to power the terminal, the connecting device is arranged in the first battery cell, and the connecting device is used to couple with a second battery cell to realize electrical connection between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal includes a fixedly mounted first battery unit and a connecting device provided on the first battery unit. On the one hand, when a long driving range is required, the user can connect the second battery unit to the first battery unit via the connecting device to increase the battery capacity of the terminal and increase the driving range. On the other hand, when a short driving range is required, the second battery unit may not be installed on the terminal, which can reduce the total weight of the terminal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal, improving the speed change efficiency, and improving the user experience. Moreover, when purchasing the terminal, it is not necessary to immediately purchase the second battery unit along with the terminal, which reduces the purchase cost of the terminal and improves the assembly flexibility of the terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, the connection device typically has a high-voltage interface. If multiple connection devices are dispersed throughout the terminal, this can create multiple safety hazards and increase the cost of replacing any damaged devices. However, the connection device of the present application is located within the first battery cell. This allows for the concentration of power transmission-related interfaces and wiring near the first battery cell, facilitating centralized management. Furthermore, if the connection device is damaged, the first battery cell can be repaired independently, eliminating the need to repair the entire terminal, thus improving terminal reliability.

[0010] In short, this solution can improve the flexibility of the terminal's endurance mileage without significantly increasing the purchase cost of the terminal, allowing users to flexibly install and remove the second battery unit according to their own needs for endurance, thereby improving the user experience.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting device may be an electrical connector. Furthermore, the connecting device may include an electrical transmission interface, a wired communication interface, and a wireless communication module. Among them, the electrical transmission interface, also known as a high-voltage interface, is used for power transmission and can be used to form a current loop between the second battery cell and the terminal (or the first battery cell). Exemplarily, the electrical transmission interface includes a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface. In some scenarios, the electrical transmission interface is also called a high-voltage interface, and its current and voltage are generally set to be relatively high. For example, the rated voltage of the electrical transmission interface may be 200V to 2000V, and its rated current may be 10A to 1000A.

[0012] Wired communication connections can transmit wired signals. In some scenarios, wired communication interfaces are also called low-voltage interfaces, and their current and voltage are usually set relatively low. For example, the rated voltage of a wired communication interface can be 5V to 60V, and its rated current can be 1A to 20A. A wired communication interface can include one or more interfaces. Exemplarily, the wired communication interface includes one or more of a positioning interface, a grounding interface, or a balancing interface. Exemplarily, the positioning interface is used for pin positioning. The grounding interface is used for protective grounding to improve safety. Of course, the above three interfaces are used to illustrate the functions of the wired communication interface. In specific implementations, the wired communication interface may include more or fewer interfaces, and the functions of the interfaces may also have other designs, which will not be explained one by one here.

[0013] The wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless communication connection. The wireless communication connection can transmit wireless signals. Exemplarily, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless communication module may include one or more of the following wireless communication technologies: SparkLink, 802.11b / g, Bluetooth, Zigbee, radio frequency identification (RFID), ultra-wideband (UWB), Long Term Evolution (LTE), fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5th-Generation, referred to as 5G or 5G technology), global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), or universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), etc.

[0014] In some solutions, the connection device includes both a wired communication interface and a wireless communication module, enabling both wired and wireless transmission of power data between the power supply device and the device being powered. This provides a double safeguard during the transmission process. That is, if one communication method fails or becomes inefficient, the other method can be used to transmit power data, improving communication reliability and stability.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the terminal includes a mounting device for detachably mounting the second battery unit. For example, the terminal includes a locking / unlocking mechanism. The mounting device allows the second battery unit to be detachably mounted in the terminal, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the terminal.

[0016] In another possible embodiment, the terminal further includes a receiving cavity for mounting a second battery unit, thereby increasing the service life of the second battery unit and the terminal. Optionally, the receiving space formed by the receiving cavity can accommodate the entire volume of the second battery unit, or only a portion of the volume of the second battery unit.

[0017] In another possible embodiment, the receiving cavity is used to mount the second battery unit in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. In other words, the receiving space formed by the receiving cavity and the positional relationship of the first battery unit are such that the two are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

[0018] In this embodiment, when the second battery unit is removed and installed, the horizontal center of gravity of the terminal (i.e., toward the bottom) shifts relatively little. Thus, when the second battery unit is removed, the space occupied by the second battery unit does not need to be filled with a counterweight, reducing the terminal's energy consumption, increasing speed-up efficiency, and improving the user experience.

[0019] In another possible embodiment, the terminal further includes a battery control unit (BCU), and the first battery cell includes a battery monitor unit (BMU). For ease of distinction, the BMU in the first battery cell is referred to as the first BMU. The BCU is a device for performing calculations and issuing control instructions and has computing capabilities. The BCU can be located in the first battery cell (i.e., the first battery cell includes the BCU) or outside the first battery cell. The BMU is a device for reporting data and can also perform operations based on instructions from the BCU.

[0020] Exemplarily, the BMU is used to collect battery data and report it to the BCU, which is used to generate control instructions based on the battery data. It should be noted that this application does not limit the number of BMUs included in the first BMU. When the first BMU includes multiple BMUs, the functions and scopes of the multiple BMUs may be the same or different. For example, the first battery unit may include multiple batteries, and one BMU may be used to collect battery data from one or more batteries.

[0021] Optionally, the BCU and the first BMU have communication capabilities, and the communication method between the BCU and the first BMU includes a wired communication method and / or a wireless communication method.

[0022] In another possible implementation, when the BCU and the first BMU communicate via wired communication, the topology between the BCU and the first BMU includes one of the following topologies: direct communication topology, relay communication topology, and ring communication topology.

[0023] The direct communication topology includes a BCU and a first BMU, for example, the first BMU is directly connected to the BCU.

[0024] The relay communication topology includes a BCU, a first BMU, and a connection device. The first BMU and the BCU can communicate through the link "first BMU-connection device-BCU".

[0025] A ring communication topology includes the BCU, the first BMU, and the connection device. For example, the BCU, the first BMU, and the connection device are connected in pairs, forming a ring communication topology. This ring communication topology enables communication redundancy. The first BMU and the BCU can communicate via a direct link (first BMU-BCU) or a link (first BMU-connection device-BCU). Therefore, a ring communication topology provides communication redundancy, sharing the burden of a single line. If one line fails, another line can be used for communication, improving the stability and safety of the battery system.

[0026] In another possible implementation, the battery data includes one or more of power supply connection parameters, battery status parameters, diagnosis results, or alarm signals.

[0027] Among them, the power supply connection parameters refer to parameters related to the power supply connection, such as one or more of the following signals: battery management system (BMS)_12V+, BMS_12V-, auxiliary power supply negative A-, BMS wake-up signal, BMS debugging high signal, BMS debugging low signal, electronic control unit communication, reserved signal, etc.

[0028] The battery status parameters may include internal battery status parameters, external battery status parameters, etc. The status parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of temperature, humidity, air pressure, gas concentration, gas type, voltage, current, stress, internal resistance, electrolyte signal, etc.

[0029] The diagnosis result refers to the result obtained by diagnosing the power supply connection parameters, battery status parameters, etc., and may be, for example, normal data, too large, too small, wrong, or missing.

[0030] An alarm signal is an indicator signal that informs administrators or users of potential danger when power connection parameters, battery status parameters, or diagnostic results meet certain conditions. For example, an alarm signal is triggered when the diagnostic result is abnormal, such as too large, too small, incorrect, or missing.

[0031] In yet another possible implementation, the terminal further includes a second battery unit, and the second battery unit is configured to supply power to the terminal.

[0032] In another possible embodiment, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected in parallel. The parallel connection can solve the problem of circulating current in the battery cells. Moreover, the connection device is provided on the first battery cell, making the parallel connection of the battery cells easier to implement.

[0033] Alternatively, a parallel design can avoid the short board effect caused by the installation of multiple battery cells, thereby allowing for flexible planning of the battery capacities of the first and second battery cells. Whether the capacities of the first and second battery cells are the same or different, both can achieve higher utilization rates, improving the user experience.

[0034] In another possible embodiment, the way in which the first battery unit and the second battery unit power the terminal includes one or more of the following three power supply methods: the first battery unit independently powers the terminal, the second battery unit independently powers the terminal, the first battery unit and the second battery unit jointly power the terminal, etc.

[0035] In yet another possible implementation, the first battery cell and the second battery cell have different capacities.

[0036] Optionally, the capacity of the second battery unit is greater than that of the first battery unit. On the one hand, a small-capacity battery is fixedly installed in the terminal to meet the needs of short mileage. When a longer mileage is required, a larger-capacity battery can be replaced to improve the battery life, thereby further reducing the cost of the initial purchase of the terminal. On the other hand, this application can realize that batteries of different capacities can jointly power the terminal, improving the user experience.

[0037] In another possible embodiment, the first battery unit and the second battery unit may have the same capacity. Batteries with the same capacity can save more battery storage space, are easier to charge and discharge together, and simplify the design difficulty.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner, the center of gravity of the first battery unit and the center of gravity of the second battery unit are located on the same straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

[0039] In yet another possible implementation, the first battery unit and the second battery unit are arranged in a columnar manner along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

[0040] Illustratively, the second battery cell is installed above the first battery cell, or the second battery cell is installed below the first battery cell.

[0041] In another possible embodiment, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are arranged in a tower shape in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal, and the center of gravity of the first battery cell and the center of gravity of the second battery cell are located on the same straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

[0042] For example, the accommodation space formed by the accommodation cavity is larger than the space occupied by the first battery unit, thereby facilitating the installation of a second battery unit with a large capacity.

[0043] In yet another possible implementation, the terminal further includes a DC converter, and the DC converter is used to adjust the voltage of the first battery unit and / or adjust the voltage of the second battery unit.

[0044] Furthermore, the DC converter is used to ensure that the supply voltage of the first battery unit is the same as the supply voltage of the second battery unit.

[0045] Optionally, the DC converter is included in the first battery unit. Alternatively, the DC converter is included in the second battery unit. Alternatively, the DC converter is located outside the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

[0046] In another possible embodiment, the terminal further includes a battery management unit (BCU), and the second battery unit includes a second BMU. Optionally, the second BMU is configured to collect battery data from the second battery unit and report it to the BCU, which generates control instructions based on the battery data from the second battery unit.

[0047] In another possible implementation, the communication mode between the BCU and the second BMU includes a wired communication mode and / or a wireless communication mode.

[0048] In yet another possible implementation, the first battery unit includes a first BMU, and the topology among the BCU, the first BMU, and the second BMU includes one of a direct communication topology, a relay communication topology, and a ring communication topology.

[0049] Optionally, a direct communication topology includes a BCU, a connection device, and a second BMU. A relay communication topology includes a BCU, a first BMU, a second BMU, and a connection device. A ring communication topology includes a BCU, a first BMU, a second BMU, and a connection device.

[0050] Optionally, the terminal can be an intelligent terminal or transportation tool such as a vehicle, a drone, or a robot. Of course, the terminal can also be replaced by industrial equipment, entertainment and leisure equipment, etc. Intelligent terminals include mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, smart bracelets, smart watches, or smart glasses. Transportation tools include vehicles, ships, aircraft, or logistics robots. Industrial equipment includes industrial robots and robotic arms. Leisure and entertainment equipment includes virtual reality (VR) equipment, mixed reality (MR) equipment, massage chairs, or 4D cinema cabins. This application does not impose strict restrictions on the devices to which the electrical connector can be applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in describing the embodiments.

[0052] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of communication between a BCU and a first BMU provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG4C is a schematic diagram of communication between another BCU and a first BMU provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Please refer to FIG1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. The terminal 10 includes a first battery unit 101 and a connecting device 1011 .

[0069] The first battery unit 101 is fixedly installed in the terminal and is used to power the terminal 10. Fixed installation here means that under normal circumstances, the first battery unit 101 cannot be removed from the terminal 10, and the normal situation here refers to daily use, battery replacement, charging and other scenarios. For example, the first battery unit 101 is fixed in the terminal 10 when it leaves the factory and can only be replaced by professional maintenance personnel. In addition, some embodiments of the present application also involve detachable installation. Removable installation is the opposite of fixed installation. Batteries assembled in a detachable installation form can be installed and removed under normal circumstances. For example, detachable installation can be installed and removed by mechanical locking, mechanical snapping, magnetic suction, etc.

[0070] The connection device 1011 is used to achieve electrical connection between the second battery unit 102 and the terminal 10 and / or the first battery unit 101. It should be noted that the connection device 1011 is used to connect the second battery unit, but at a certain moment, the second battery unit 102 may or may not be installed in the terminal 10. When the second battery unit 102 is not installed in the terminal 10, the terminal 10 can also be powered by the first battery unit 101.

[0071] Optionally, the connecting device 1011 includes an electrical transmission interface for forming a current loop between the second battery unit 102 and the terminal 10 (or the first battery unit 101 ).

[0072] In some scenarios, the connection device 1011 may also be called a connector, an electrical connector, or a power-changing connector, etc. Exemplarily, the connection device 1011 may be a male end (or plug) or a female end (or socket) of an electrical connector.

[0073] As a possible design, the connection device also includes a wired communication interface and / or a wireless communication module. The wired communication interface is used to establish a wired communication connection, and the wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless communication connection. Thus, the connection device includes both a wired communication interface and a wireless communication module, supporting both wired and wireless transmission of power data between the power supply device and the device to be powered, which is equivalent to providing double insurance during the transmission process. That is, when one communication method fails or is inefficient, another communication method can also be used to transmit power data, thereby improving the reliability and stability of communication.

[0074] In one possible implementation, a connection device 1011 is disposed in the first battery cell. The connection device 1011 is configured to couple with the second battery cell to achieve electrical connection between the first and second battery cells. Placing the connection device in the first battery cell allows for centralized management of electrical transmission interfaces and wiring near the first battery cell. Furthermore, if the connection device is damaged, the first battery cell can be repaired independently, eliminating the need to repair the entire terminal, thereby improving terminal reliability.

[0075] In one possible embodiment, the terminal includes a mounting device for removably mounting the second battery unit. The mounting device may include a locking device, a fixing device, an articulating member, and the like. Referring to Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application, a locking structure 103 can lock (or fix) and unlock the second battery unit 102, facilitating the removable mounting of the second battery unit 102.

[0076] In the aforementioned design, the connection of the second battery unit is achieved through a connecting device, and the installation of the second battery unit is achieved through an installation device. In some scenarios, in order to improve the life of the second battery unit and enhance the aesthetics of the terminal, the terminal may provide a receiving cavity for the second battery unit, in which the second battery unit may be accommodated. Specifically, the terminal further includes a receiving cavity for installing the second battery unit. Exemplarily, the receiving cavity is a receiving space formed by the vehicle body and the cover plate, in which the second battery unit may be installed.

[0077] Optionally, the receiving space formed by the receiving cavity can accommodate the entire volume of the second battery unit, or optionally, accommodate a portion of the volume of the second battery unit, for example, part of the structure of the second battery unit is accommodated in the receiving space, and part of the structure may exceed the receiving space.

[0078] In one possible embodiment, the receiving cavity is used to install a second battery unit in the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal along the first battery unit. Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. The receiving space formed by the receiving cavity 104 has a positional relationship with the first battery unit: the two are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. When the second battery unit is contained in the receiving space and installed in the terminal 10, the second battery unit 102 and the first battery unit 101 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. In this way, when the second battery unit is removed, the receiving space occupied by the second battery unit does not need to be supplemented with a counterweight, which reduces the energy consumption of the terminal, increases the speed-up efficiency, and improves the user experience.

[0079] Battery safety is a critical component of device security, so devices need to monitor and manage the battery's state of charge and health. For large, high-voltage battery packs, such as those in vehicles, accurately monitoring individual cell and overall pack parameters is crucial to ensuring maximum available capacity and safe and reliable operation. By monitoring and managing battery cells, the overall battery life can be extended, reducing cost of ownership.

[0080] As a possible solution, the terminal can manage batteries through a battery management system (BMS). The BMS includes a battery control unit (BCU) and a battery monitor unit (BMU) located in the battery cell. Specifically, the terminal 10 may include a BCU, and the first battery cell 101 may also include a BMU (hereinafter referred to as the first BMU for ease of distinction). The BCU is a device for performing calculations and issuing control instructions and has computing capabilities. The BMU is a device for reporting data and can also perform operations based on the BCU's instructions. As a possible example, the first BMU is used to collect battery data and report it to the BCU, which is used to generate control instructions based on the battery data. The battery data here includes battery data of the first battery cell and may also include data from the connection device 1011 passing through the first battery cell or data from the lines passing through the first battery cell. By collecting battery data and controlling the battery cells based on this battery data, the safety and reliability of the terminal can be improved, reducing the possibility of safety incidents caused by battery failure.

[0081] The battery data may include one or more of power connection parameters, battery status parameters, diagnostic results, or alarm signals. Power connection parameters refer to parameters related to the power connection, such as one or more of the following signals: battery management system (BMS)_12V+, BMS_12V-, auxiliary power supply negative A-, BMS wake-up signal, BMS debug high signal, BMS debug low signal, electronic control unit communication, reserved signal, etc. Battery status parameters may include internal battery status parameters, external battery status parameters, etc. Status parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of temperature, humidity, air pressure, gas concentration, gas type, voltage, current, stress, internal resistance, electrolyte signal, etc. Diagnostic results refer to the results obtained from diagnosing power connection parameters, battery status parameters, etc., and may include, for example, data that is normal, too large, too small, erroneous, or missing. An alarm signal is an indicator signal that reports a potential danger when the power connection parameters, battery status parameters, or diagnostic results meet certain conditions. For example, when the diagnosis result is abnormal, such as too large, too small, wrong, missing, etc., an alarm signal is triggered.

[0082] Optionally, the first BMU may include one or more BMUs. When the first BMU includes multiple BMUs, the functions and scopes of the multiple BMUs may be the same or different. For example, the first battery unit may include multiple batteries, and one BMU may be used to collect battery data from one or more batteries.

[0083] As a possible implementation manner, the BCU and the first BMU have communication capabilities, and the communication mode between the BCU and the first BMU includes a wired communication mode and / or a wireless communication mode.

[0084] The following describes several situations in which the BCU communicates with the first BMU:

[0085] In case 1, the BCU and the first BMU communicate via wired communication. In this case, the topology between the BCU and the first BMU includes one of the following: direct communication, relay communication, and ring communication. Direct communication can also be called a centralized communication topology, and relay communication can also be called a chain communication topology, a daisy chain communication topology, or other similar topologies.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 4A, which is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in part (a) of Figure 4A, the direct communication topology includes BCU105 and the first BMU1012. The first BMU1012 is connected to BCU105, and the first BMU1012 and BCU105 can communicate through the "first BMU1012-BCU105" link. It should be noted that although the "first BMU1012-BCU105" link in Figure 4A is a direct connection, in actual operation, it may pass through other interfaces, communication devices, or other connection devices (but not through the connection device 1011).

[0087] As shown in part (b) of Figure 4A , the relay communication topology includes the BCU 105, the first BMU 1012, and the connection device 1011. The first BMU 1012 and the BCU 105 can communicate via a link called "first BMU 1012 - connection device 1011 - BCU 105." In this case, the connection device 1011 includes a wired communication module, which is used to connect the BCU 105 and the first BMU 1012 for communication.

[0088] As shown in part (c) of Figure 4A , the ring communication topology includes the BCU 105, the first BMU 1012, and the connection device 1011. The BCU 105, the first BMU 1012, and the connection device 1011 are connected in pairs, forming a ring. The ring communication topology enables communication redundancy. The first BMU 1012 and the BCU 105 can communicate via a direct link (first BMU-BCU) or via a link (first BMU-connection device-BCU). Therefore, the ring communication topology enables communication redundancy, sharing the burden of a single line. If one line fails, another line can be used for communication, improving the stability and safety of the battery system.

[0089] In the second scenario, the BCU and the first BMU communicate via wireless communication. In this case, the topology between the BCU and the first BMU includes one of the following: direct communication, relay communication, and ring communication. The topology of the wireless link can be seen in the topology of the wired link shown in Figure 4A and will not be further described here.

[0090] The above situations can also be combined without being mutually exclusive, and the combined situations will not be described one by one here.

[0091] In some possible implementations, the BCU 105 can be located within the first battery unit 101, meaning that the first battery unit 101 includes the BCU 105. In this case, battery system management can be centralized within the first battery unit, improving component integration and terminal reliability. Of course, the BCU can also be located outside the first battery unit 101, as shown in Figure 4A.

[0092] In addition, when the first BMU includes multiple BMUs, the multiple BMUs can also communicate with each other. Of course, in some cases, the multiple BMUs do not communicate with each other, but communicate directly with the BCU.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 4B, which is a schematic diagram of communication between a BCU and a first BMU according to an embodiment of the present application. The first BMU includes multiple BMUs, exemplified by BMU1021a, BMU1021b, BMU1021c, and BMU1021d. Each BMU manages a number of batteries in the first battery unit, which can be cells or battery packs. Figure 4B uses the example of each BMU managing two batteries, meaning that one BMU can collect data from two batteries in the first battery unit.

[0094] Multiple BMUs can be communicatively connected to the BCU 105, but the BMUs do not communicate with each other. Optionally, one or more of the multiple BMUs can be communicatively connected to the connection device 1011 (as shown by the dotted double arrows in FIG4B ), including by wired and / or wireless communication. Further, the connection device 1011 can be communicatively connected to the BCU 105 (as shown by the dotted double arrows in FIG4B ), including by wired and / or wireless communication.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 4C, which is a schematic diagram of communication between another BCU and the first BMU provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, multiple BMUs are communicatively connected to BCU105, and BMUs can also be communicatively connected. Optionally, one or more of the multiple BMUs can be communicatively connected to the connecting device 1011 (as shown by the dotted double arrows in Figure 4C), including being connected in a wired and / or wireless communication manner. Further, the connecting device 1011 can be communicatively connected to the BCU105 (as shown by the dotted double arrows in Figure 4C), including being connected in a wired and / or wireless communication manner.

[0096] As mentioned above, the second unit can be installed or removed from the terminal. In some possible implementations, the second battery unit is installed in the terminal to provide power to the terminal. This power supply can be direct or indirect. For example, the second battery unit can be connected to a circuit in the terminal. In another example, the second battery unit can be used to charge the first battery unit, while the first battery unit provides power to the terminal.

[0097] Specifically, the terminal further includes a second battery unit, which is used to power the terminal. Optionally, the manner in which the first battery unit and the second battery unit power the terminal includes one or more of the following three power supply modes: the first battery unit independently powers the terminal, the second battery unit independently powers the terminal, the first battery unit and the second battery unit jointly power the terminal, etc.

[0098] Furthermore, when the first unit independently supplies power to the terminal, the second battery unit does not supply power to the terminal, for example, the power supply line of the second battery unit is in an open circuit state. Similarly, when the second unit independently supplies power to the terminal, the first battery unit does not supply power to the terminal.

[0099] In one possible embodiment, the second battery cell may include a connecting device for coupling with the connecting device in the first battery cell (or terminal). For example, the male end (or plug) of the electrical connector is connected to the first battery cell, and the female end (or socket) of the electrical connector is connected to the second battery cell. The male end of the electrical connector and the female end of the electrical connector can be coupled to each other. For another example, the female end (or socket) of the electrical connector is connected to the first battery cell, and the female male end (or plug) of the electrical connector is connected to the second battery cell. The male end of the electrical connector and the female end of the electrical connector can be coupled to each other.

[0100] In one possible embodiment, the second battery unit may include one or more batteries. The battery here may also be replaced by a battery pack, a battery group, etc. Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of another terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. The second battery unit 102 may include multiple batteries, such as battery 102a and battery 102b. The multiple batteries are also interconnected through a connecting device. The connecting device 1021 in battery 102a is connected to the connecting device 1011, and the connecting device 1022 in battery 102a is connected to the connecting device 1023 in battery 102b. This type of connection through a connecting device set on the battery unit can, on the one hand, be easily expanded to achieve a combination connection between more battery cells. On the other hand, the connectors, connecting lines, etc. are concentrated in the battery unit part, which is easy to manage safely and improve the reliability of the terminal.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the first and second battery cells are connected in parallel. If the first and second battery cells are connected in series, if the capacities of the series batteries are different, this can easily lead to problems such as one battery cell not being fully charged or discharging unevenly, creating a weak link effect. Parallel connection, however, can avoid this weak link effect, increasing battery cell utilization and improving terminal service quality.

[0102] Furthermore, if the second battery unit includes multiple batteries, the multiple batteries can also be connected in parallel. When the capacities of the first battery units are the same or different, both the first and second battery units can achieve higher utilization rates, increasing the flexibility of battery capacity design and improving the user experience.

[0103] In some possible designs, the first battery unit and the second battery unit have different capacities. Optionally, the capacity of the second battery unit is greater than that of the first battery unit. On the one hand, a small-capacity battery is fixedly installed in the terminal to meet the needs of short mileage. When a longer mileage is required, a larger-capacity battery can be replaced to improve the battery life, thereby further reducing the cost of the initial purchase of the terminal. On the other hand, this application can realize that batteries of different capacities can jointly power the terminal, improving the user experience.

[0104] In another possible embodiment, the first battery unit and the second battery unit may have the same capacity. Batteries with the same capacity can save more battery storage space, are easier to charge and discharge together, and simplify the design difficulty.

[0105] Several arrangements of the second battery unit and the first battery unit are introduced below.

[0106] In one possible embodiment, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. In other words, the second battery cell and the first battery cell are coupled in a vertical manner. This arrangement does not require adding a counterweight to fill the gap of the second battery cell.

[0107] As an example of an arrangement, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are arranged in a columnar manner in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. The bottom surface of the terminal refers to the side of the terminal that is closest to the ground under normal circumstances. For example, if the bottom surface of the terminal is a vehicle, the bottom surface of the vehicle may refer to the surface where the vehicle's chassis is located. It should be noted that the vertical here refers to relative verticality, and deviations may occur during installation due to errors, manufacturing accuracy, vibration, etc.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of a battery system arrangement provided in this embodiment. The second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101 are arranged along the z-axis, where the xy plane is the bottom surface of the terminal. It should be understood that the arrangement shown in this application, the posture and position sequence of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101, etc. are merely examples. Other designs are possible in the specific implementation process and are not strictly limited by this application.

[0109] As another example of arrangement, the first battery unit and the second battery unit are arranged in a tower shape, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of a battery system provided in this embodiment. The second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101 are arranged along the z-axis, with the xy plane being the bottom surface of the terminal. The cross-sectional area of ​​the second battery cell 102 along the z-axis can be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first battery cell 101 along the z-axis. In conjunction with Figure 3, in the case shown in Figure 7, the accommodation space formed by the accommodation cavity 104 is larger than the space occupied by the first battery cell 101, thereby facilitating the installation of the large-capacity second battery cell 102.

[0111] Optionally, the center of gravity 701 of the first battery unit 101 and the center of gravity 702 of the second battery unit 102 are located on the same straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal, that is, on a straight line parallel to the z-axis, as shown in FIG7 .

[0112] Optionally, the second battery unit may include multiple batteries. Referring to FIG8 , FIG8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The second battery unit 102 includes a battery 102a and a battery 102b . The batteries 102a and 102b are arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the terminal, and the entire battery unit formed by the batteries 102a and 102b is arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal, along with the first battery unit 101.

[0113] In a possible implementation, the terminal further includes a direct current converter (DC / DC) configured to adjust the voltage of the first battery unit and / or the voltage of the second battery unit.

[0114] Furthermore, the DC converter is used to ensure that the supply voltage of the first battery unit is the same as the supply voltage of the second battery unit. This solution can solve the circulation problem caused by the inconsistent voltage of the first battery unit and the second battery unit, and improve the reliability of the terminal.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The voltage of the first battery cell 101 is V1, and the voltage of the second battery cell 102 is V2. The DC converter can adjust the voltage of the first battery cell 101, for example, to V2, so that the supply voltage of the first battery cell and the supply voltage of the second battery cell are the same.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a structural diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, the voltage of the first battery cell 101 is V1, and the voltage of the second battery cell 102 is V2. The DC converter can adjust the voltage of the second battery cell 102, for example, adjust it to V1, so that the supply voltage of the first battery cell and the supply voltage of the second battery cell are the same. Optionally, the DC converter can be located in the second battery cell 102. In this case, the terminal does not need to purchase DCDC when purchasing, and the purchase cost is low. It is suitable for users who have more needs for short-distance travel and less needs for long-range travel.

[0117] Optionally, the DC converter is included in the first battery unit, or the DC converter is located outside the first and second battery units. This allows for a lower cost of extending the range when a second battery unit is installed, making it suitable for users who travel long distances.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the terminal may not include a DC-DC module. See Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application. When supplying power, the second battery unit 102 can charge the first battery unit 101. In this mode, since the DC-DC module is avoided, the overall solution cost is minimized.

[0119] The following describes a battery management solution for a battery system including a second battery unit by a terminal.

[0120] In some possible implementations, the terminal further includes a battery management control unit (BCU), and the second battery unit includes a second BMU. Optionally, the second BMU is configured to collect battery data from the second battery unit and report it to the BCU, which generates control instructions based on the battery data from the second battery unit.

[0121] Optionally, the communication mode between the BCU and the second BMU includes a wired communication mode and / or a wireless communication mode.

[0122] In case 1, the BCU and the second BMU communicate with each other via wired communication. The topology between the BCU, the first BMU, and the second BMU includes one of the following topologies: direct communication topology, relay communication topology, and ring communication topology.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in part (a) of Figure 12, in the direct communication topology, the first BMU1012 and BCU105 can communicate through the link "first BMU1012-BCU105", and the first BMU1012 is connected to BCU105. The second BMU1023 and BCU105 can communicate through the link "second BMU1023-connecting device 1021-connecting device 1011-BCU105". It can be seen that the connecting device 1011 has a wired communication interface, which can support the battery system of the battery replacement to communicate with the terminal or the first battery unit.

[0124] As shown in Figure 12 (b), in a relay communication topology, the first BMU 1012 and BCU 105 can communicate via the "first BMU 1012 - BCU 105" link. The second BMU 1023 and BCU 105 can communicate via the "second BMU 1023 - connection device 1021 - connection device 1011 - first BMU 1012 - BCU 105" link. In this case, the first BMU 1012 can act as a relay node, connecting the second BMU 1023 and BCU 105.

[0125] Alternatively, in a relay communication topology, the first BMU 1012 and the BCU 105 may communicate via a link of "first BMU 1012 - connection device 1011 - BCU 105." In this case, the second BMU 1023 and the BCU 105 may communicate via a link of "second BMU 1023 - connection device 1021 - connection device 1011 - BCU 105."

[0126] As shown in Figure 12 (c), in a ring communication topology, the first BMU 1012 and BCU 105 can communicate via a direct link (first BMU 1012 - BCU 105) or a link (first BMU 1012 - connection device 1011 - BCU 105). The second BMU 1023 and BCU 105 can communicate via a link (second BMU 1023 - connection device 1021 - connection device 1011 - first BMU 1012 - BCU 105) or a link (second BMU 1023 - connection device 1021 - connection device 1011 - BCU 105). This ring communication topology provides communication redundancy, sharing the burden of a single line. If one line fails, another line can be used for communication, improving the stability and safety of the battery system.

[0127] In case 2, the BCU and the second BMU communicate with each other via wireless communication. In this case, the topology between the BCU, the first BMU, and the second BMU includes one of the following topologies: direct communication topology, relay communication topology, and ring communication topology.

[0128] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of three communication topologies provided in embodiments of the present application. As shown in part (a) of Figure 13, in the direct communication topology, the first BMU 1012 and the BCU 105 can establish a wireless connection and communicate via the "first BMU 1012 - BCU 105" link. The second BMU 1023 and the BCU 105 can establish a wireless communication connection and communicate via the "second BMU 1023 - BCU 105" link.

[0129] As shown in part (b) of Figure 13 , in a relay communication topology, the first BMU 1012 and BCU 105 can establish a wireless connection, communicating via the "first BMU 1012 - BCU 105" link. The second BMU 1023 and the first BMU 1012 can establish a wireless communication connection, communicating via the "second BMU 1023 - first BMU 1012" link. Furthermore, the first BMU 1012 can forward data, enabling data transfer between the second BMU 1023 and BCU 105. In this case, the first BMU 1012 can act as a relay node, connecting the second BMU 1023 and BCU 105.

[0130] As shown in part (c) of Figure 13, in the ring communication topology, the first BMU 1012, BCU 105, and second BMU 1023 are connected in pairs, achieving communication redundancy and sharing the pressure of a single line. When one line fails, another line can be used for communication, thereby improving the stability and safety of the battery system.

[0131] The above situations can also be combined without being mutually exclusive, and the combined situations will not be described one by one here.

[0132] In some possible implementations, the BCU 105 may be provided in the first battery unit 101 . In this case, management of the battery system may be centralized on the first battery unit, thereby improving component integration and terminal reliability.

[0133] Of course, the BCU can also be arranged outside the first battery unit 101, which is not illustrated here one by one.

[0134] An embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-battery system, comprising a first battery unit and a second battery unit, wherein the first battery unit and the second battery unit are used to power a terminal. The first battery unit is fixedly mounted in the terminal, and the second battery unit is detachably mounted in the terminal. The first battery unit comprises a first connecting device, and the second battery unit comprises a second connecting device. The first connecting device and the second connecting device can be coupled to achieve electrical connection between the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

[0135] Optionally, the first battery unit and the second battery unit are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal. The design of the first battery unit and the second battery unit can refer to the design in the above embodiment.

[0136] In the above scheme, the terminal can be an intelligent terminal or transportation tool such as a vehicle, a drone, or a robot. Of course, the terminal can also be replaced by industrial equipment, entertainment and leisure equipment, etc. Intelligent terminals include mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, smart bracelets, smart watches, or smart glasses. Transportation tools include vehicles, ships, aircraft, or logistics robots. Industrial equipment includes industrial robots and robotic arms. Leisure and entertainment equipment includes virtual reality (VR) equipment, mixed reality (MR) equipment, massage chairs, or 4D cinema cabins. This application does not impose strict restrictions on the equipment used for electrical connectors.

[0137] In the description of this application, the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting this application.

[0138] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a conflicting connection or an integrated connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0139] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0140] The “at least one” mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to one or more, and “plurality” refers to two or more. “At least one of the following items” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, (a and b), (a and c), (b and c), or (a and b and c), where a, b, c can be single or multiple. “And / or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an “or” relationship.

[0141] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to define the order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects. For example, the first BMU and the second BMU are only used to facilitate the description of the BMUs in the battery unit and do not indicate differences in structure, importance, etc. between the first and second BMUs.

Claims

1. A terminal, It is characterized in that The terminal comprises a first battery unit and a connecting device, wherein the first battery unit is fixedly installed in the terminal and is used to supply power to the terminal. The connecting device is arranged in the first battery unit, and is used to couple with the second battery unit to realize electrical connection between the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The terminal includes a mounting device for detachably mounting the second battery unit.

3. The terminal according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The terminal further includes a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is used to install the second battery unit in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal on the first battery unit.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The terminal further includes a battery management main control board BCU, the first battery unit includes a first battery management slave control board BMU, and the communication method between the BCU and the first BMU includes a wired communication method and / or a wireless communication method.

5. The terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The terminal further includes a second battery unit, and the second battery unit is used to supply power to the terminal.

6. The terminal according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The first battery unit and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the first battery unit and the second battery unit provide power to the terminal in a manner that includes at least one of the following three power supply modes: The first battery unit independently supplies power to the terminal; The second battery unit independently supplies power to the terminal; The first battery unit and the second battery unit jointly provide power for the terminal.

7. The terminal according to claim 5 or 6, It is characterized in that The first battery cell and the second battery cell have different capacities.

8. The terminal according to any one of claims 5 to 7, It is characterized in that The first battery unit and the second battery unit are arranged in a columnar manner along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal; Alternatively, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are arranged in a tower shape in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal, and the center of gravity of the first battery cell and the center of gravity of the second battery cell are located on the same straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the terminal.

9. The terminal according to any one of claims 5 to 8, It is characterized in that The terminal further includes a DC converter, which is used to adjust the voltage of the first battery cell and / or adjust the voltage of the second battery cell so that the supply voltage of the first battery cell is the same as the supply voltage of the second battery cell.

10. The terminal according to any one of claims 5 to 9, It is characterized in that The terminal further includes a battery management main control board BCU, the second battery unit includes a second BMU, and the communication method between the BCU and the second BMU includes a wired communication method and / or a wireless communication method.

11. The terminal according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The first battery unit includes a first battery management slave BMU, and the topology among the BCU, the first BMU and the second BMU includes one of a direct communication topology, a relay communication topology and a ring communication topology.

12. The terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 11, It is characterized in that The terminal is a vehicle, a robot or a drone.

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